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Amho. Zm°_©Z JoeqdS> (Norman Geschwind) hoA_o[aHo$Vrc EH$ gO©Zerc _‚mm_mZgemók."JoeqdS> `m§Mr à`moJemim hr Ë`m§À`m S>moŠ`mVMñWmnZ Pmcocr hmoVr' Ago Ë`m§À`m~Ôc A±Q>mo{ZAmoS>_°{eAmo (Antonio Damasio) m§Zr åhQ>co Amho.JoeqdS> `m§Mo Ho$di EH$ ^mfU EoHy$Z JmS>©Za BVHo$à^m{dV Pmco H$s, Ë`m§Zr JoeqdS> `m§Mo d¡Mm[aH${eî`Ëd nËH$aco d Amncm nmoñQ>-S>m°ŠQ>ac Aä`mgË`m§À`m hmVmImcr Ho$cm. Ë`m§Mo _|XyVrc {dH¥$Vr Am{U_‚mm_mZgemór` AmOmam§~m~VMo g§emoYZ {deof_hÎdmMo Agë`mMo JmS>©Za `m§Zr `m J«§WmV gm§{JVcoAmho.

Amnë`mda Am{U Amnë`m H$m`m©da d¡Mm[aH$n[aUm_ H$aUmè`m `m emókm§Mr H$m ©M[aÌo JmS>©Za`m§Zr \$ma ZoQ>Ho$nUmZo `m J«§WmÀ`m n{hë`m ^mJmV_m§S>cr AmhoV. `mM~amo~a EH$ _hÎdmMm- {deofV:Aä`mgH$m§Zm Cn`moJr R>aoc Agm EH$ coI `m{d^mJmV Amho. {n`mOoMo {dH$mgH$ _mZgemómVrcH$m`© hm EH$ _¡cmMm XJS> Agcm, Var Ë`mÀ`m-Z§VaÀ`m Joë`m nÞmg-gmR> dfmª_Üò `m emómVPmcoë`m àJVrMm AmT>mdm JmS>©Za m§Zr KoVcm Amho.`m_Ü o {deof â {Xcm Amho Vmo "àVrH$ ì`dñWmÑ{ï>H$moZ' (Symbolization Approach) `m Zì`m{dMmamda. H$maU, _wcm§À`m AmH$cZ{df`H$Aä`mgjoÌm_Ü o `m àVrH$ j_Vm§Mm Aä`mg qH$dmË`m§À`m {dH$mgmMm Aä`mg _hÎdmMm R>aUmam Amho.

~hþ{dY ~w{Õ_Îmm

`m J«§WmVrc Xwgam ghm coIm§Mm ^mJ hm,Á`mgmR>r JmS>©Za `m§Mo Zmd OJâ à{gÕ Pmco AmhoË`m Ë`m§À`m ~hþ{dY ~w{Õ_Îmm§À`m {gÕm§Vm~m~VMmAmho. Zì`mZoM ho coI dmMUmè`m§Zm JmS>©Za `m§À`m`m {gÕm§VmMr Zo_H$s Am{U g{dñVa _m{hVrAmnmoAmnM hmoB©c, `m arVrZo `m coIm§Mr {ZdS>

OyZ 2016 & {ejUdoY & 11 &

H$aÊ`mV Amcr Amho. `m§_Yrc n{hcm åhUOo"{~`m±S> X Am ² Š y' hm Am{U eodQ>Mm "E_² AmÀmâQ>a 20 B`g©' ho XmoZ coI _cm A{YH$ _hÎdmModmQ>VmV. _wcm§Mo {ejU d _mZdr {dH$mg `m A§JmZo{dMma H$aVm, eVH$â à^md nmSy>Z Agcocm~w{Õ_Îmo{df`rMm EH$m§Jr {dMma d ~wÕç§H$mMrg§H$ënZm `m§Zr e¡j{UH$ Am{U {dH$mgmË_H$à`ËZm§Zm OUy g§Hw${MVVm AmUcr hmoVr. {ejUmV{d{eï> àH$maÀ`m ~w{Õ_Îmocm Amcoco AdmñVd _hÎdd ~w{Õ_ÎmoMr AmZwd§{eH$Voer KmVcocr gm§JS> `m§Zr\$ma _moR>r e¡j{UH$ {Z gm_m{OH$ {df_VmMOmonmgcr Amho. Ë`m_wio Ë`m§Zm m coImV Zo_Ho$nUmZoN>oX XoÊ`mV Amcm Amho. ~w{Õ_Îmo{df`rÀ`m nyd©J«hmVyZAmnë`m ~mhoa H$mT>Ê`mMo H$m © hm coI H$aVmo, åhUyZVmo _cm _hÎdmMm dmQ>Vmo.

~hþ{dY ~w{Õ_Îm oMm Zd{dMma àgm[aVPmë`mcm 2003 _Üò drg df} nyU© Pmë`mZ§VaJmS>©Za `m§Zr `m {dMmamÀ`m Cn wº$VoMm, àgmamMmqH$dm Ë`mV Amcoë`m {dH¥$VtMmhr AmT>mdm `mcoImÛmao KoVcm Amho. `m coImMo EH$ d¡{eîQ>ç AgoH$s, `m Amnë`m {dMmamH$S>ohr JmS>©Za `m§Zr XyañWÑpîQ>jon Q>mH$cm Amho. AmnU ~hþ{dY ~w{Õ_Îmm§Mm{gÕm§V "{Z_m©U' H$aÊ`mH$S>o H$go dicmo, ~hþ{dY~w{Õ_Îmm (Multiple Intelligences) hm eãXà`moJH$gm gwMcm, Vmo nma§n[aH$ ~w{Õ_ÎmoÀ`m g§H$ënZoerH$gm \$Q>Hy$Z Amho, "~w{Õ_Îmo'Mr ì`m»`m Zì`mZoAmnU H$er Ho$cr, "~w{Õ_Îmm' R>a{dUmao {ZH$f H$go{ZpíMV Ho$co Joco; VgoM, `m {gÕm§VmMo e¡j{UH$Cn`moJ H$gH$go àË``mcm òV Joco, `m gmè`m§Mrehm{Zem `m coImV Ho$cr Amho. `m {gÕm§VmMo EH$e¡j{UH$ n ©dgmZ Ago H$s, Ë`mZo IwÔ hm°dS>© JmS>©Za`m§Zm àË`j {ejUH$m`m©V CVaÊ`mg CÚwº$ Ho$coAmho. Ë`m§Zr Ho$coco d¡ {º$H$ à`moJm§Mo Aä`mg, Zì`m~w{Õ_Îmm§Mm emoY, "ñnoŠQ´>_'gmaIo e¡j{UH$ àH$ën

Aem Jmoï>tMm Ë`mV g_mdoe hmoVmo. Amnë`mcmnwZO©Ý_ {_imcm Va m {XeoZo AmUIr emoY ¿`m`cmAmdS>oc, Agohr coImÀ`m AIoarg hm°dS>© JmS>©Za`m§Zr åhUyZ R>odco Amho.

H$cm{ejU :

J«§WmVrc {Vgè`m ^mJmV "H$cm{ejU' `m{df`m§er g§~§{YV Ago VrZ coI AmhoV. "H$cm' hoJmS>©Za `m§Mo _yiMo {Z AmdS>rMo joÌ. "chmZ d`mV_r EH$ àm_m{UH$ {n`mZmodmXH$ hmoVmo Am{U _cmBVahr AZoH$ H$cm§V ag hmoVm,' Ago ñdV:~Ôc JmS>©Za`m§Zr `mM J«§WmV EHo$ {R>H$mUr (nmZ 87) åhQ>coAmho. _mZgemómMm Aä`mgH$ Pmë`mZ§Va Ë`m§ZmIQ>H$cocr Jmoï> Aer H$s, A_o[aH$Z H«${_H$nwñVH$m§VyZ _wcm§À`m H$cmË_H$ {dH$mgmcm Am{UH$cmË_H$ ~w{Õ_Îmocm H$mhrhr ñWmZ {Xcoco Zmhr.Ë`m_wio JmS>©Za `m§À`m {dMmam§V, ~m¡{ÕH$ H$m`m©V dg§emoYZm§Vhr H$cm, H$cm{ejU, H$cm§Mr ~w{Õ_ÎmmAem {df`m§Zm gmh{OH$M ñWmZ {_iV Joco. H$coMokmZjoÌ Am{U AÝ` kmZjoÌo m§À`m nañnag§~§Ym§dahrË`m§Zr emoY KoÊ`mMm à`ËZ Ho$cm. Z§VaÀ`m H$mimVArts Propel àH$ënm §VJ ©V, H$cm{ejUmVAä`mgH«$_ d _yë`_mnZ `m g§X^m©V Aä`mgH$aÊ`mMr g§Yrhr JmS>©Za `m§Zm {_imcr. Ë`m§À`mH$cm{df`H$ Ñ{ï>H$moZmcm AmUIr EH$ gmø PmcoVo Ë`m§À`m MrZ oQ>rZo. "A_o[aH$m-MrZ EŠgM|O BZ²AmQ>©²g EÁ`wHo$eZ' `m àH$ënm§VJ©V JmS>©Za `m§ZrAmnë`m Hw$Qw>§~mg{hV H$mhr _{hZo dmñVì` Ho$co.Ë`m_wio m {d^mJm§Vrc coIm§VyZ m gmè`mM AmMma-{dMmam§Zm ñWmZ {_imcoco {XgyZ oVo.

{ejU{df`H$ Zdm Ñ{ï>H$moZ

`m J«§WmVrc Mm¡Wm mJ hm {ejUjoÌmV H$m_H$aUmè`m§À`m Am{U nmcH$m§À`mhr Ñï>rZo, Amnë`m{dMmam§V Am{U åhUyZ AmMmamVhr ~Xc KS>dyZ

& 12 & {ejUdoY & OyZ 2016

AmUUmam Agm Amho. Zì`m OJmgmR>r, Zì`mH$mimgmR>r {ejU{df`H$ Zdm Ñ{ï >H$m oZA§JrH$maÊ`mMr JaO {Z_m©U Pmcr Amho. `m{d^mJmVrc VrZhr coIm§VyZ EH${ÌVarË`m Amdí`H$Agm Zdm Ñ{ï>H$moZ XoÊ`mMo H$m_ hm°dS>© JmS>©Za `m§ZrHo$co Amho. "{S>gpßcZar A§S>añQ>°§{S>§J' m erf©H$mImcrXoÊ`mV Amcoë`m coIm§Mm _w»` Ame` Amho Vmoemim§VyZ {eH$Umè`m _wcm§Mr narjm§VyZ dJ¡ao {XgyZoUmar H$m_{Jar _hÎdmMr Zmhr, Va {eH$V Agcoë`m

{df`m§Mr - Ë`m§Vrc g§H$ënZm§Mr - g_O òUo_hÎdmMo Amho, Ago JmS>©Za m§Zr XmIdyZ {Xco Amho.

"_m{hVr hm oÊ`mH$S y >Z' (knowing)"g_OÊ`m'H$S> o (understanding) Aer{ejUmVrc n[adV©ZmMr {Xem `m VrZhr coIm§VyZJmS>©Za m§Zr _m§S>cr Amho Am{U Amnë`m m y{_Ho$Mog¡Õm§{VH$ d ì`mdhm[aH$ Aem XmoZhr ñVam§dê$Z g_W©ZHo$co Amho. àM{cV emim§_YyZ gd©ñdr â Amho Vmo{dÚmÏ`mªZm _m{hVr nwa{dÊ`mda Am{U Ë`mMr(narjm§_YyZ) nwZéº$s H$ê$Z KoÊ`mda. `mVyZ{dÚmÏ`mªZm Amnco {df` g_OVmVM Ago Zmhr-qH$~hþZm, ~hþg§»` {dÚmWu "A{e{jV'M amhVmV.òWoM {ejUmVrc EH$m {damoYm^mgmH$S>o JmS>©ZaAmnco cj doYVmV. "OJâMr _wco Amnë`mAm wî`mÀ`m n{hë`m nmM dfmªV H$moUrhr Z {eH${dVm~mocm`cm {eH$VmV, Ë`m§Zm g_Om`cm cmJVo, Jmoï>rgm§JVmV, {dZmoX gm§JVmV, {MÌ H$mT>VmV. JmUråhUVmV Zì`m Mmcr cmdVmV. cwQy>nwQy>À`m H$m_m§V_¾ hmoVmV... `m gmè`m Jmoï>r H$em {eH${dVmV, hoOar Hw$UmcmM _mhrV Zgco Var _wco ho gmao AmnUhÿZ{eH$VmV. _J Vr emioV OmVmV Am{U AMmZH$ {VWoAmnU g_OVmo H$s Ë`m §Zm H$go {eH$dmdo VoAmnë`mcm H$iVo. {VWo oD$Z _mÌ Ë`m§À`mn¡H$s AZoH$OU ZrQ> {eH$VM ZmhrV, hm EH$ Ho$dT>m {damoYm^mgAmho!''

emim§_YyZ {dÚmÏ`mªZm {df` g_OÊ`mMoH$m_ hmoV Zmhr, hr {ejUmdarc gdm©V _moR>r Q>rH$mAmho. Ë`m_wio "g_OÊ`mgmR>r {ejU' Aer g§H$ënZmJmS>©Za Amnë`mnwT>o R>odVmV. Ë`mM~amo~a "g_OUo'`m g§koMr ì`m»`mhr Vo XoVmV. ""kmZ, H$m¡eëò,g§H$ënZm, dmñVd _m{hVr àmá H$aÊ`mMr j_Vm;Ë`mM~amo~a EH$m n[apñWVrÀ`m g§X^m©V- ~hþYmemim {eH$cocr Jmoï> AWdm kmZ, ho Á`mMr AmnUAmJmD$ H$ënZm Ho$cocr Zgoc Aem Zì`m n[apñWVrV,Zì`m {R>H$mUr dmnaVm òUo `mcm "g_OUo' AgoåhUVm oB©c.''

Aem AWm©Zo, "g_OÊ`m'gmR>r {ejU XoVmoB©c, Aer y{_H$m JmS>©Za KoVmV. "AmnU KoVcoco

kmZ Zì`m n[apñWVrV Á`mcm dmnaVm oVo Vmo kmZr(expert) Aerhr EH$ ì`m»`m JmS>©Za XoVmV.WmoS>Š`mV Ago H$s, "g_OUo' hr EH$ j_Vm Amho.Vr dmT>Uo hr {ejUmMo C{Ôï> Amho. àmá Pmcoco kmZAJXr Ano{jV Zgcoë`mhr n[apñWVrV dmnaVm oUo,hm {eH$coco g_Oco Amho H$s Zmhr ho H$iÊ`mMm{ZH$f Amho. ho dmnaUo AnwaonUmZo d MwH$sÀ`m nÕVrZo_mÌ hmoVm H$m_m Z o; Am{U _w»` åhUOo, Ë`mZo d{VZo hm dmna Hw$Ur Var gm§JyZ Zìho Va CËñ\y$V©nUoHo$cm nm{hOo; Vgm H$ê$ eH$co nm{hOo.

`m _ycJm_r Ñ{ï>H$moZmVyZ Ooìhm AmnU AmOMoàM{cV Aä`mH«$_ Ý`mhmiVmo; Voìhm cjmV oVo H$s,Ë`mV ImocdaMr g_O mdr m CÔoemZo \$mago H$mhrMZgVo. AgcoM, Va Vo {dÚmÏ`mªZm Ho$di dadaMrg_O XoD$ nmhUmaoM AgVo, Aer JmS>©Za m§Mr Q>rH$mAmho.

AmO "g_OÊ`m'gmR>r {ejU hmoV Zmhr`mMr XmoZ H$maUo JmS>©Za `m§Zr gmXa Ho$cr AmhoV.EH$ åhUOo, `m CÔoemZo H$go {eH$dmdo `mMr \$maerOmUM {ejH$m§Zm ZgVo Am{U Xwgao åhUOo, _wcm§À`m

OyZ 2016 & {ejUdoY & 13 &

_Zm§da AZoH$ Jmoï>tMm Agm nJS>m AgVmo Aem gd`rË`m§Zr AmYrM Omonmgcoë`m AgVmV H$s Á`mg_OmdyZ KoD$Z {eH$Ê`mÀ`m Ë`m§À`m _mJm©V AS>WioåhUyZ Cä`m R>mH$VmV.

JmS>©Za ho Ë`m§À`m ~hþ{dY ~w{Õ_Îmm§À`m{gÕm§VmgmR>r à{gÕ AmhoV. `m ~w{Õ_Îmm §À`m{d{dYVo_wio Vo ì`{º$JV {ejUmMm AmJ«h YaVmV.Ë`m§À`m _Vo, _wcm§Mr emarad¡km{ZH$ (biological){Z gm§ñH¥${VH$ (cultural) nmœ© y_r doJdoJir AgVo;Ë`m§Mm d¡ {º$H$ B{Vhmg {Z Ë`m§Mo ì`{º$JV AZw ddoJdoJio AgVmV. Ë`m_wio _wco emioV àdoe, H$aVmVVoìhm Vr "H$moar nmQ>r' ZgVo. Ë`m_wio ~m¡{ÕH$H$m_{JarÀ`m EH$mM Ajmda Ë`m§Zm _moOVm oB©c AgoVo {dÚmWu ZgVmV. doJdoJù`m nÕVtZr KS>cocr _ZoKoD$Z _wco emim§VyZ oVmV. Ë`m§À`m g~cVm, Xw~©cVm,AmdS>r-{ZdS>r Am{U _m{hVràmárÀ`m à{H«$`mhr{^Þ AgVmV. Ë`m_wio gmh{OH$M gdmªZm EH$M,EH${Xem {ejU XoUo hr Jmoï> AZoH$m§da AÝ`m`H$aUmarM AgVo.

`m J«§WmVrc nmMì`m {Z AIoaÀ`m ^mJmV_yë`_mnZmnmgyZ Vo ^mdr H$mimVrc {ejUmVEH$sH$S>o emór`Vm Am{U XwgarH$S>o Z¡{VH$Vm `mKQ>H$m§Zm H$go EH$Ì gm_mdyZ ¿`m`cm hdo `mMr MMm©Agcoco nmM coI g_m{dï> Ho$co AmhoV.

"g_OÊ`mgmR>r {ejU' ho C{Ôï> EH$Xm R>acoåhUOo _J dñVw{Zð> ñdê$nmÀ`m narjm§Zmhr AmnmoAmn\$mQ>m {_iVmo. àË oH$ {dÚmWu-{dÚm{W©Zrcm ñdV:cmAmnë`m "V`mar'Mm A§XmO doimodoir {_iV amhmdmcmJVmo; Vgm Vmo g§~§{YV BVam§Zmhr H$imdm cmJVmo.`mgmR>r _yë`_mnZ AgVo. m {XeoZo JmS>©Za m§Zr g§nyU©_yë`_mnZ nÕVrMo CXmhaUm§g{hV g{dñVa {dícofUHo$co Amho (Assessment in context). "X EOAm°ìh BZmogÝg [aH$pÝgS>S>©' `m {d{dY Cn`wº$

{dMmam§Zr âcoë`m coImV Amcoë`m àVrH$ì`dñWmÑ{ï>H$moZmÀ`m (The symbol systems approach){ddoMZmMm AmdOy©Z C„oI Ho$cm nm{hOo. àm_w»`mZo^mfoer na §V w gd©M {df`m §er g§~§{YV AemàVrH$ì`dñWoMm Ho$cocm D$hmnmoh Zdr Ñï>r XoUmamAmho. emioMo _w»` C{Ôï> H$m` Agmdo `mÀ`mer hm{df` JmS>©Za `m§Zr OmoS>cocm Amho.

^{dî`mH$[aVm {ejU

AmOÀ`m OJmV {ejUm{df`r AZoH$ ZdoàíZ C o am{hco AmhoV. Ë`m§Mmhr doY "^{dî`mH$[aVm{ejU' (An education for the future) m coImVKoVcm Amho. CXmhaUmW©- gmd©O{ZH$ H$s ImgJr{ejU, Ooìhm XoemV AZoH$ gm§ñH¥${VH$ JQ> dmñVì`H$ê$Z AgVmV Voìhm Ë`m g§X^m©Zo {Z_m©U hmoUmaoe¡j{UH$ àíZ qH$dm AJXr {ejUg§ñWm§À`mAIË`m[aV oUmao g¡Õm§{VH$ H$s ì`mdhm[aH$ {ejU-Aem àíZm§Mr MMm© JmS>©Za `m§Zr Ho$cr Amho. {ejUho àm_w»`mZo Am§VaemIr` (Inter-disciplinary)AgVo Ago J¥hrV Yê$Z Vo doJdoJù`m emco ñVam§daH$go Úmdo `mMmhr D$hmnmoh `m coImV Ho$cm Amho. `mcoImÀ`m AIoarg JmS>©Za m§Zr Amnë`m _VmW©, \«|$MZmQ>H$H$ma _mo{cà mMo EH$ {dYmZ CX²Y¥V Ho$co Amho.""AmnU Oo H$mhr H$aVmo EdT>çmMnwaVo Zìho, VaAmnU Oo H$mhr H$aV Zmhr mgmR>rhr AmnU O~m~XmaAgVmo.'' _cm dmQ>Vo, {ejUg§~§{YV gd©M KQ>H$m§Zrhm g§Xoe Amnë`m "g_Oo'_Üò AmUm`cm hdm.`mgmR>r AWm©VM, `m {d^mJmVrc Am{U EHy$UM `mJ « §WmVrc AIoaMm ì`mdgm{`H$m §À`m Z ¡{VH$O~m~Xmè`m gm§JUmam (The Ethical Responsibili-

ties of Professionals) coI àË oH$ {ejUg§~§{YVàm¡T>mZo dmMcm nm{hOo.

gg

& 14 & {ejUdoY & OyZ 2016

_wbo H¥$VrVyZ {eH$VmV, ho AmVm gd©_mÝ` Pmbo Amho. H¥$Vr_Ü o H$Yr nmM kmZopÝÐ`m§n¡H$s EImXoqH$dm OmñV B§{Ð ohr Jw§Vbobr AgVmV. hmVmZo EImXr H¥$Vr Ho$cr OmVo qH$dm nyU© eara EImÚmH¥$Vr_Ü o Jw§VVo; Va H$Yr emar[aH$ H¥$Vr H$_r AgVmV; nU _mZ{gH$ H¥$Vr åhUOo _|XyÀ`m,{dMmamÀ`m nmVirdarb H¥$Vr KS>VmV. Ë`mZwgma H¥$VtMr nmM JQ>m§V {d^mJUr H$aVm oB©b.1) B§{Ð`mYm[aV H¥$Vr 2) H$_]{Ð`m§À`m H¥$Vr 3) ^m{fH$ H¥$Vr4) d¡Mm[aH$ H¥$Vr 5) H$ënZmË_H$ d {Z{_©Vrerb H¥$Vr H¥$VrV eara-_Z XmoÝhr H$m ©_¾ Pmbo H$s, AdYmZ {Q>H$Uo, AmH$bZ dmT>Uo m à{H«$`m ghOVoZoKS>VmV Am{U åhUyZM H$m`_ñdê$nr ñ_aUmV amhÊ`mMr eŠ`Vmhr dmT>Vo.1) B§{Ð`mYm[aV H¥$VrS>moio, H$mZ ZmH$, Or^, ËdMm `m nmM B§{Ð`m§À`m AmYmao, nmhUo, EoH$Uo, dmg KoUo, Md KoUo ,dñVyMm ñne©, Vmn_mZ d OS>Ëd OmUUo `m B§{Ð`mYm[aV H¥$Vr KS>VmV. `m H¥$Vr KS>Ê`mgmR>rAZw dm§Mr JaO AgVo. {n`mOoZo åhQ>ë`mà_mUo 0 Vo 2 ho d` g§doXZH$maH$ {dH$mgmMo Amho. `m

○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○

~mc{ejU

gwf_m nmÜ`o○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○

○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○

H¥$Vr wŠV AÜ``Z

OyZ 2016 & {ejUdoY & 15 &

d`mV _wbo Ho$di g§doXZm§Zr _m{hVr J«hUH$aVmV qH$dm B§{Ð`mÛmaoM àËòH$ {H«$òbmà{V{H«$`m XoV AgVmV. XmoZ dfmªÀ`m nwT>o mfmho _m{hVr {_idÊ`mMo Zdo gmYZ àmá PmboboAgVo. Ë`m_wio nwT>o n§Mo{Ð o Am{U ^mfm AgoOmoS>rZo kmZ J«hU H$aÊ`mMo H$m_ d`mÀ`m ghmgmV dfm ©n` ªV MmbyM AgVo. Ë`mV yZ{eH$Ê`mMr {H«$`m ghO KS>V AgVo. Ë`mZ§Va{ejUmÀ`m Mm¡H$Q>rV H$mZmZo ^mfm EoH$Uo dS>moù`m§Zr nmhUo d dmMUo `m XmoZM B§{Ð`m§Mo_`m©{XV AZw d {_iy bmJVmV. Iao Va `m àË oH$ B§{Ð`m§_m\©$V KoVbo OmUmaoAZw d EH$m§Jr ZgVmV Va ~hþN>Q>m AgboboAgVmV. åhUyZM B§{Ð`mÛmao H¥$VrMr g§Yr{_imbr nm{hOo. H$mZmZo EoH$Uo, `mV AmdmOEoH$Uo d AmoiIUo `m H$m¡eë`m~amo~aM EH$ AmdmOXwgè`m AmdmOmnojm {^Þ Amho, Ë`mMm nmoV doJimAmho, Ë`mV AmdmOmÀ`m N>Q>m {_giboë`m AmhoV,Ë`mVyZ H$mhr ^md ì`º$ hmoV AgVmo, ho bjmV `mdobmJVo. JmoS>, Am§~Q>, {VIQ>, H$Sy>, VwaQ> m nmM _w»`Mdr Agë`m; Var MdrÀ`mhr Iyn N>Q>m AgVmV.Ë`m§Mm ñdmX KoÊ`mVhr J§_V AgVo.dñVyÀ`m ñnem©Vhr{d{dYVm AgVo. ñnem©Zo H$iy eH$Umao Vmn_mZ Am{UOS>Ëd mVhr doJdoJù`m nm`è`m AgVmV.dmgmMohrVgoM AgVo. ñd §nmH$Ka d n[agamV XmoÝhr {R>H$mUrdmgmÀ`m AZ§V dñVy {_iVmV Am{U dmgmÀ`m AZoH$N>Q>m AZw dm`bm {_iVmV. S>moù`m§Zr nmhUo hr VagX¡d, Aì`mhV Mmbbobr H¥$Vr Amho. åhUyZM `mgmè`mgmR>r OmUrdnyd©H$ doJdoJio AZw^d ÚmdobmJVmV Am{U gOJVoZo H¥$Vr H$aÊ`mMr gdÒS>dmdr bmJVo. `mVyZ {_iUmam àËòH$ AZw^d_m{hVrMo m§S>ma Iwbo H$aVmo Am{U eãXg§J«h {dH${gVH$aVmo.2) H$_]{Ð`m§À`m H¥$Vr- emar[aH$ hmbMmbr Am{U

_|Xy `m§Mo K{Zï>> ZmVo Amho. _|Xybm A{YH$m{YH$aº$nwadR>m, àmUdm`y Am{U ½bwH$moO {_iÊ`mgmR>remar[aH$ hmbMmbrMr Amdí`H$Vm AgVo. XmoZ VoAmR> dfm©À`m H$mimV _wbo Ag§»` àH$maÀ`m H¥$VrH$aV AgVmV Am{U Ë`mVyZ dñVyMo Zmd, ñne©,AmH$ma, Cn`moJ, Ë`mMm dmna H$gm H$am`Mm hoñdV:hÿZ {eH$VmV. _wbo EH$Q>r IoiVmV qH$dm BVa{_Ìm§~amo~a IoiVmV, Voìhm Ë`m§Zm Zì`m H$ënZmgwMVmV Am{U Ë`mVyZ Vo Zdo Ioi emoYVmV. H$mJX,_mVr, dmiy, nmUr `mVyZ Ooìhm H$mhr H¥$Vr H$aVAgVmV; Voìhm Ë`m§Zm Ë`m dñVy§Mm dmna H$ê$Z Zì`maMZm gwMVmV. `mMmM AW© H¥$Vr _wcm§Zm ZH$iV{eH$dVmV. H¥$Vr_wio _Z EH$mJ« hmoVo, AmH$bZ Zo_Ho$hmoVo, {dMmaà{H«$ obm MmbZm {_iVo. åhUyZM dJm©VàËòH$ {df`mVrc àËòH$ g§H$ënZm H¥$Vr H$aVM{eH$Ê`mMr g§Yr _wcm§Zm {_im`cmM nm{hOo. VgoMdJm©V EH$m OmJr ~gyZ amhÿZ {eH$Ê`mEodOr BH$Sy>Z{VH$So> MmbUo, ~gUo, CR>Uo, Ad`d VmUUo, CS>çm

& 16 & {ejUdoY & OyZ 2016

_maUo Aem emar[aH$ hmbMmbr WmoS>çm WmoS>çm doimZoKS>ë`m, Va _wbm§À`m _|Xybm nwaogm àmUdm y {_iVamhVmo. _Z hbHo$-_wº$ hmoD$Z Zdo ñdrH$mam`bm V`mahmoVo. `mgmR>r dJm©V Am{U dJm©~mhoa ânya _moH$irOmJm Agmdr. _wbm§À`m OmJm CnH«$_m§À`m JaOoZwgma~XbË`m Agmì`mV. _wbo H$Yr ñdV§ÌnUo ~gyZ{eH$Vrb Va H$Yr JQ>mV ~gVrb. H$Yr {ZarjU,emoY Aem H¥$Vr H$aÊ`mgmR>r n[agamV qhS>Vrb. H$YrdñVy d e¡j{UH$ gmYZm§À`m AmYmao H¥$Vr H$aVrb;Va H$mhr doiog EImXr g§H$ënZm g_OyZ KoÊ`mgmR>rd gamdmgmR>r CS>çm, Q>mù`m, Ioi Aem emar[aH$hmbMmbr H$aVrb. mVyZ _|Xy, _Z d eara {VÝhtMmg_Ýd` gmYyZ _wbo A{YH$m{YH$ J«hUerb ~ZVrb.H¥$Vr d AZw dm_wio _mXm_ _m°§Q>ogmoar Va åhUV, "H¥$VrhoM ì`{º${dH$mgmMo gmYZ Amho.' _hmË_m Jm§Yr d{dZmo~mOtMm {ejUà`moJ _|Xy, _Z, eara `m§À`mg_Ýd`mVyZM C^m am{hbm hmoVm. _|XyVrb doJdoJù`mnoer¨Mr OmoS>Ur gwê$ hmoVo. Ë`m_wio embo {df`mVrbg§H$ënZm g_OyZ KoÊ`mgmR>r {d{dY H¥$VtMm dgmYZm§Mm dmna hmoUo Amdí`H$ AgVo. H¥$Vr Q>ßß`m-Qß>ß`mZo nwT>o gaH$Vo, Ë`mVyZ g§H$ënZoMm AmH¥$Vr~§Y_ZmV V`ma hmoD$ bmJVmo. OwÝ`m AZw dm§er Ë`mMrgm§JS> KmVbr OmVo Am{U Zdr g§H$ënZm AWmªgh_m{hVr hmoVo. _wbmg _XV H$aUmè`m {ejH$mZo Aemdoiog H¥$Vr ~amo~a mo½` mfoMm dmna Ho$bm Va H¥$VrMmAW© CbJS>Ê`mg _wbmbm _XV hmoVo.3) ^m{fH$ H¥$Vr - ^mfm EoH$Uo, ~mobUo, dmMUo,H${dVm Jmoï> {b{hUo, {dMma H$aUo d _m§S>Uo, _V_m§S>Uo, H$ënZm H$aUo m gmè`m m{fH$ H¥$Vr AmhoV.`mVrb H$mhr _yV© ñdê$nmV {XgVmV, Va H$mhr {XgVZmhrV. nU Ë`m WoQ> _|Xy_Üò KS>Umè`m H¥$VrMAgVmV. dmMboë`m Ame`mMo AmH$bZ hmoUo,A{^ì`º$ hmoÊ`mAmYr AZoH$ {dMmam§Mr _ZmV

CbWmnmbW hmoUo, H$ënZm gwMUo `m _|Xy- nmVirdaKS>Umè`m H¥$Vr AmhoV. Aem Ñí` d AÑí`ñdê$nmÀ`m H¥$Vr gmVË`mZo KS>Uo ho ^mfm g_¥ÕhmoÊ`mÀ`m Ñï>rZo Amdí`H$ Amho. bhmZ d`mV XmoZ-VrZ ^mfm EoH$m`bm-~mobm`bm {_imë`m Va ^mfmbjnyd©H$ EoH$Uo, Ë`mMm nwZ:nwÝhm dmna H$ê$Z nmhUoAem ^m{fH$ H¥$Vr ghOVoZo KS>VmV. ^mfm{dH$mgCÎm_ KS>Vmo. eãXg§J«h dmT>dÊ`mMo Ioi, eãXm§MmdoJdoJim AW© bjmV KoD$Z Ë`m§Mm dmna H$aUo `meãXm§er {ZJ{S>V H¥$Vr AmhoV. _`m©{XV eãXm§VyZdmŠàMZm V`ma H$aUo, gwg§JV _m§S>Ur H$aUo,eãXm§À`m OmJm ~XbV {d{dY àH$mao dmŠ` {b{hUo`m dmŠ`m§À`m H¥$Vr AmhoV. AZoH$ àH$mao boIZ H$ê$ZnmhUo, H$mën{ZH$ A{^ì`º$s H$aUo `mboIZg_¥ÕrÀ`m H¥$Vr AmhoV. {dMma H$aVm oUo, _V_m§S>Uo, dmX KmbUo `mhr ^m{fH$ H¥$VrM AmhoV.dmMZ, boIZ, g§dmX Aer m{fH$ H$m¡eë o {dH${gVH$aUmè`m `mgma»`m Ag§»` H¥$Vr dJm©V KS>ë`mnm{hOo. VgoM KamV, emioV, g_mOmV {d{dYñVam§Vrb d doJdoJù`m joÌm§Vrb bmoH$m§~amo~a~mobÊ`mMm AZw d _wbm§Zm {_iV Jobm H$s, ^mfmg_¥Õ ìhm`bm _XV hmoVo. gm{hË` dmMyZ Ë`mMmAmñdmX KoUo, Ë`m~m~V A{^ì`º$ hmoUo, g_rjmH$aUo Aem ^m{fH$ H¥$VtH$So> _wbm§Zm didVm oVo.Ho$di XodmU-KodmUrgmR>r ^mfm, Aä`mgmMo _mÜ`_åhUyZ ^mfm Agm ^mfoMm _`m©{XV dmna Z amhVm^mfoer ghO IoiVm Ambo nm{hOo. ^mfoMr d¡{eîQ>çobjmV KoD$Z ^mfoMm AmñdmX KoVm Ambm nm{hOo,åhUOo ^mfm{Z{_©VrÀ`m A§JmH$So> diUo eŠ` hmoVo.^mfm oÊ`mÀ`m AmYrnmgyZ _wbmMr {dMmaà{H«$`m gwê$hmoVo Am{U ^mfo~amo~a {dMma {dH${gV hmoV amhVmo.^mfoda à wËd Ambo, H$s {dMmam§dahr à wËd oVo.Ë`m_wio ^mfo~amo~aM d¡Mm[aH$ H¥$Vr¨Mrhr OmoS>

OyZ 2016 & {ejUdoY & 17 &

Kmbm`bm hdr.4) d¡Mm[aH$ H¥$Vr - AmOy~mOyMr àË oH$ dñVy H$mÀmho, H$emgmR>r Amho, àËòH$ KQ>Zm H$m KS>br-`m~m~V g_OyZ KoUo hm _wbm§À`m {dMmamMm n{hbmQ>ßnm AgVmo, ""ho H$m` Amho, ho XmId Zm, ho H$g§H$am`M§, Ë`mZo H$m` hmoV§'' Ago àý _wbm§À`m _ZmVd`mÀ`m {Vgè`m dfu òD$ bmJVmV; åhUOoM_wbm§À`m d¡Mm[aH$ H¥$Vrbm gwédmV hmoVo. {dMmam§MrH¥$Vr A§VJ©V AgVo. Ë`mMr ^mfoÛmao Vm|S>r dm boIrA{^ì`º$s hmoV AgVo. \$º$ Ë`mgmR>r àË`j AZw dÚmdo bmJVmV Am{U d`mÀ`m n[an¹$VoZo A_yV© {dMmaH$aVm òD$ bmJVmo. KQ>Zm EImXm à`moJ àË`jAZw^dbm H$s, KQ>Zm§À`m _mJrb d¡km{ZH$ H$maUg_OUo, H$maUm§Mo n[aUm_ bjmV oUo Agm Vm{H©$H${dMma H$aVm oD$ bmJVmo. g^modVmbr KS>Umè`m dB{VhmgmVrb KS>boë`m KQ>Zm `mo½` H$s A`mo½`,Ë`mVrb ì`º$sMm {dMma {H$VnV mo½`-A`mo½` Amho`mda {dMma H$ê$Z _V-{dMma _m§S>Ê`mMr g§Yr dJm©V{_imbr åhUOo VQ>ñWVoZo, gd© ~mOy§Zr {dMmaH$aÊ`mMr gd` bmJVo. EImXm gm_m{OH$ àý qH$dmamoOMm àý KoD$Z Ë`mMr H$maUo emoYUo, Ë`mda n`m©emoYUo hr H¥$Vr JQ>mV H$aÊ`mMr nwZ:nwÝhm g§Yr{_imbr H$s {dMma OrdZm{^_wI ~ZVmo. EImÚmKQ>H$mMm, g§H$ënZoMm gImob, AZoH$ A§Jm§Zr {dMmaH$aVm òÊ`mgmR>r "_Zmo-ZH$mem qH$dm g§H$ënZm-ZH$mem' V`ma H$am`bm Úmdm. m H¥$VrVyZ {dMmamMmhdm {VVH$m {dñVmahr H$aVm òVmo Am{U {dMmaZoQ>Ho$nUmZo, gwgyÌVoZo ~m§YVmhr oVmo. {dMma "{Z{_©Vr'KS>dV AgVmo.5) H$ënZmË_H$ d {Z{_©Vrerb H¥$Vr- AmYr_ZmV {dMma,H$ënZm,^mdZm V`ma hmoVmV Am{U _JË`m§Mr {Z{_©Vr hmoVo. _mVr, dmiy, {d{dY àH$maMoH$mJX, {MÌmgmR>r H$mJX, a§J d nopÝgbr, [aH$m_r

ImoH$s, ~mQ>ë`m e§I-qenbo, nmZo, \w$bo AemAg§»` dñVy {Z{_©Vr H$aÊ`mgmR>r _wbm§Zm XoVm oVmV._wbm §Zm IoiVmZm AZoH$ H$ënZm dmnam`bmAmdS>VmV. Ë`mgmR>r Ë`m§Zm Aem dñVy§Mm Cn`moJhmoVmo. dñVy Am{U AZw d `m§Mr gm§JS> _wbo KmbVmVAm{U doJdoJù`m H$ënZm Ë`m§Zm gwMVmV. Ë`mVyZ{MÌ, Zjr, nm{hboë`m dñVy§Mr AWdm OmJm§Mrà{VH¥$Vr m§Mr {Z{_©Vr hmoVo. m dñVy§_Ü o Vr a_VmV.Amnë`m H$ënZm àË`jmV AmUVmZm H$Yrgd§JS>çm§Mr _XV KoVmV. oWo àm¡T>m§Mm hñVjon ZH$moMAgVmo. H$maU _wbm§À`m H$ënZm àm¡T>mnojm doJù`mAgVmV.Ë`m_wio Ë`m§À`m H$ënZobm `mo½` gmW{_iVoM Ago Zmhr. AJXr ~mbd`mVgwÕm AZoH$H$ënZm, ^mdZm§Mr A{^ì`º$s _wbo `mVyZ H$ê$eH$VmV. anya _mÜ`_o hmVmim`bm {_imbr, Ë`mVyZ{ZdS>rMo Am{U A{^ì`º$sMo ñdmV§Í` {_imbo; Vad`mZwê$n Aem H$bmË_H$ A{^ì`º$s XO}Xma ~ZVOmVmV. H$ënZoMr {Z{_©Vr, m{fH$ {Z{_©Vr, {dMmam§Mr{Z{_©Vr, emoY{Z{_©Vr `m gmè`m {Z{_©VrM AmhoV. emar[aH$, m{fH$, H$mën{ZH$, d¡Mm[aH$ m gmè`mH¥$Vr Am{U _|Xy_Yrb noetMr nañna~m§YUr `m§MmK{Zï> g§~§Y Amho. H¥$Vr¨À`m ânya g§Yr {_iVam{hë`m, Va _|XÿVrc noetMr OwiUr doJmZo hmoVo. EH$noer BVa Ag§»` noetZm OmoS>cr OmVo. noetZm Ag§»`d¥{jH$m \w$Qy> cmJVmV. `m d¥{jH$m§Mr OwiUr hmoVo.noetMr OwiUr hmoVmZm, {dXam§Mr (synapse) {Z{_©VrhmoVo. {dXa hr gyú_ nmoH$ir AgVo. `m nmoH$irVyZamgm`{ZH$ àdmh dmhVmV Am{U `mM àdmhmVyZg§XoemMr XodmU-KodmU hmoV AgVo. hr n{H«$`m KS>Vo.`mMm AW© _|Xy {dH${gV hmoVmo . _|XyV "kmZmMo PmS>'V`ma hmoVo Amho. Mbm Va _J g‚m hmoD$ `m kmZmÀ`mPmS>mbm IV-nmUr Kmbm`bm.

gwf_m nmÜ o 9765708793

& 18 & {ejUdoY & OyZ 2016

Hw$_mad`rZ _|Xy (The Adolescent Brain)

(_|Xy-g§emoYZmMo H$mhr R>iH$ {ZîH$f©)

m Amnë`mcm {_imcocr Zdr _m{hVr

l _|Xy-{dH$mgmMm Aä`mg H$aUmè`m _‚mmemómZo Joë`m XeH$^amV IynM _Oc _macr Amho. `mcm

H$maUr yV R>aco Amho Vo _°¾o{Q>H$ aoPmoZÝg B_oqOJMo (MRI) V§Ì. m V§ÌmV doimodoir gwYmaUm hmoV Jocr

Ë`mZwgma Ë`mÀ`m gmømZo {Od§V Am{U {dH${gV hmoV OmUmè`m _|XyMo AJXr ~maH$mì`mZo Zo_Ho$ \$moQ>mo

H$mT>Vm oD$ cmJco. VgoM _|Xy_Yrc emarad¡km{ZH$ ~Xc, åhUOo dmT> dm {dH$mg ñnï> H$aUmao a¡Ud

(aoUw{df`H$) earaemó.

l g§emoYZm§VyZ AmVm Ago AmT>iyZ Amco Amho H$s, Am wî`mÀ`m Xwgè`m XeH$mV _|Xy_Ü o H$mhr R>iH$

~Xc KSy>Z oVmV.

l Hw$_mad` ho _|Xy_Ü o _moR>r dmT> Am{U ~Xc KS>dyZ AmUUmao d` Amho. m _m{hVrZo, _|Xy hm ~mcd`mVM

nyU©nUo V`ma hmoVmo, `m AmOdaÀ`m g_OwVrcm N>oX {Xcm Amho.

m Hw$_mad`mV _|XyV H$moUVo ~Xc KSy>Z oVmV?

l `m d`mV _|XyVrc noetÀ`m OmoS>Ê`m§Mm AmcoI A{YH$ Jw§VmJw§VrMm d H$m ©j_ hmoVmo. àm_w»`mZo \«§$Q>c,

àr-\«$§Q>c H$m°Q>o©Šg_Ü o ho ~Xc hmoVmV.

l àr-\«§$Q>c H$m°Q>}Šg hm \«§$Q>c cmo~Mm (H$nmimdarc) ^mJ hm gdmªV eodQ>r n[an¹$ hmoV AgVmo. àmYmÝ o

R>a{dUo, {Z`moOZ H$aUo, H$ënZm H$aUo, ì yhaMZm H$aUo, ^mdZm§Mo {Z §ÌU H$aUo Am{U _Z H|${ÐV

H$aUo BË`mXtMm Vmo H$m ©dmhH$ AgVmo.

m _|XyV hmoUmao ho ~Xc H$go hmoVmV?

l g§JUH$mà_mUoM _|XyV EH$mM doir AZoH$ {H«$`m H$ê$ eH$Umè`m Am{U Ë`mhr A{YH$ H$m ©j_VoZo H$ê$

eH$Umè`m, noetÀ`m ~m§YUrZo V`ma hmoUmè`m AZoH$ gaUr (circuits) n[an¹$ hmoV OmUmè`m _|Xy_Ü o

V`ma hmoVmV.

l S>mon_mB©Z ho amgm`{ZH$ ñdê$nmV g§XoedhZ H$aUmao Ðì` Hw$_mad`mV Iyn doJmZo dmT>Vo. ho amgm`{ZH$

Ðì` _w»`V:nañna{damoYr n`m© m§_Ü o {d{eï> ~m~rda cj H|${ÐV H$ê$Z {ZdS> H$aÊ`mgmR>r Amdí`H$

AgVo.

OyZ 2016 & {ejUdoY & 19 &

m Hw$_mad`mV _|Xy_Ü o hmoUmao ~Xc _hÎdmMo H$m AmhoV?

l ^mdZmoÐoH$mMo g§ _Z, {Z`moOZ, {ZU© à{H«$`m hr gd© àr-\«§$Q>c H$m°Q>}ŠgMr H$m_o AmhoV; Am{U Vmo Va

Hw$_mad`mV AOyZ n[an¹$ hmoV AgVmo.

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H$maU, Hw$_mam§Mm ~XcVm _o§Xy hm Ë`m§À`m JaOm§ZmM à{VgmX XoV AgVmo.

l _|XyMr {Z`moOZj_Vm, gm_m{OH$ n[apñWVrer OwidyZ KoÊ`mMr j_Vm, H¥$VrMo mdr H$mimVrc n[aUm_m§Mo

A§XmO H$aVm oUo AWdm Ë`m§Mo ^md{ZH$ _hÎd OmUUo, `m gmè`m Jmoï>r Hw$_mad`mV {dH$gZerc

AdñWoV AgVmV.

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B. j_Vm dmT>{dUmar _|XyMr H$m } AOyZ V`ma hmoÊ`mÀ`m AdñWoVM AgVmV.

m Hw$_mad`rZ _wcm§Mr {ZU© à{H«$`m Am{U dV©Z H$go g_OmdyZ ¿`mdoV?

l Hw$_mad`rZ _wcm§Mr {ZU© à{H«$`m Am{U dV©Z g_OmdyZ ¿`m`Mo Agoc, Va Oo AZoH$ KQ>H$ g_OmdyZ

¿`mdo cmJVrc. Ë`mVcm EH$ åhUOo _‚mm-earaemór` KQ>H$ hmo .

l Hw$_mad`rZ _wcm§ modVr H$miOr KoUmè`m nmcH$m§Mo, àm¡T>m§Mo Am{U g§ñWm§Mo H$m|XU Agm`cm hdo;

OoUoH$ê$Z Vr H$mhr Cn wº$ H$m¡eë o d àm¡T> dmJUyH$ {eH$Vrc.

l Hw$_mad`rZ _wco AmnUM Amnë`m _|Xycm AmH$ma XoÊ`mMo H$m_ H$ê$ eH$Vrc. CXmhaUmW©- _|Xy-g§emoYZmZo

ho XmIdyZ {Xco Amho H$s, {eH$Ê`mZo Am{U gH$mamË_H$ AZw dm§Zr Jw§VmJw§VrMm d OwidyZ KoUmam _|Xy

KS>{dVm oVmo.

l AWm©V² _|Xy-{dH$mg AmUIrZ g_OmdyZ ¿`m`cm A{YH$ g§emoYZm§Mr JaO Amho. {deofV: OZwH$s`

Am{U dmVmdaU `m KQ>H$m§Mm _|Xy-KS>Urda H$m` à^md AgVmo qH$dm _|XyVrc OwiÊ`m§Mm AmcoI

KS>Ê`mMr à{H«$`m {H$VnV Z¡g{J©H$ Amho Am{U Vr OmUyZ~wOyZ {H$VnV KS>{dVm oÊ`mgmaIr Amho,

`mMm Aä`mg AmUIr ìhmd`mg hdm Amho.

g§X © :The Adolescent Brain - A work in Progress

-Daniel R. WeinbergerBrita Elvevag

Jay N. Giedd

& 20 & {ejUdoY & OyZ 2016

○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○

à`moJ

a_oe nmZgo, gw{hVm e|S>ço○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○

○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○

_wco Am{U _yë`dY©Z : EH$ à`moJ

H$mhr dfmªnydvMr Jmoï>. gZ 2008-09, 2009-2010 `m dfmª_Yrc. Hw$R>cohrd¥ÎmnÌ CKS>co H$s- {dÚmÏ`mªÀ`m AmË_hË`m, qhgmMma mg§X^m©Vrc ~mVå`m AñdñW H$ê$ZQ>mH$V hmoË`m. AZoH$ dfmªMm gm§ñH¥${VH$ dmagm AgUmè`m `m ^maV XoemV BVH$m qhgmMma?Hw$R>o Mmccmo AmhmoV AmnU? _wcm§H$Sy>Z hmoUmao JwÝho dmT>V Mmcco AmhoV, Ë`mcm O~m~XmaH$moU? g§nH©$_mÜ`_o, nmcH$, {ejH$, emim, V§ÌkmZ, g_mO? Hw$Ur H$m AgoZm, nUg_mO{dH$mgmMr hr {Xem ~Xccr nm{hOo. AmOMr hr _yë`m§~m~VMr KgaVr n[apñWVramoIcr nm{hOo. nU, H$go amoIVm oB©c? H$m` H$aVm oB©c? OrdZm{Y{ð>V _yë`m§Mm èhmg,Vmohr EdT>çm doJmZo hmoVmo Amho. Ë`mMr Jw§VmJw§V Iyn OmñV Amho. ËdaoZo d XrK©H$mcrZCnm``moOZm AmIyZ H$mhrVar H$am`cm hdo.

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_yë`m§Mm {dMma hm EH$mM doir ì`{º$JV dgm_m{OH$hr AgVmo. gm_mOmÀ`m {hVmW© H$mhr Z¡{VH$g§Ho$V ì`º$sZo Amnë`m _ZmZo ñdrH$mam`Mo Am{UdmJUwH$sV CVamd`mMo, Ago H$mhrgo _yë`m§Mo ñdê$nAgVo. _yë`m§Mm _mZ{gH$ nmVirda ghO ñdrH$mahmoUo Am{U dmJUwH$sMr gd` cmJUo, `m Jmoï>r chmZd`mV A{YH$ eŠ` AgVmV; åhUyZ _yë`m§Mm {dMmahm Aem ~mcd`mnmgyZ gwê$ ìhmdm cmJVmo.

Zr{V_yë`o Amnë`m ñdV:À`m OrdZmVA§JrH$maUo _hÎdmMo AgVo, ho Zì`m {nT>rcm H$iconm{hOo. Amnë`mV _yë`m§Mr éOdU Ë`m§Zr Ho$crnm{hOo, `mgmR>r {deof à`ËZ Ho$co nm{hOoV. AmO{ejUjoÌmV H$m_ H$aUmè`m§Zm {deofV: Oo YmoaUH$V}AmhoV Ë`m§Zm ho Z¸$sM C_Jcoco Amho. `m _yë`m§ZméO{dÊ`mV, {dH${gV H$aÊ`mV emimM Iyn H$mhrH$ê$ eH$VmV, `mV Hw$Umcmhr H$mhrhr e§H$m Zmhr.na§Vw BWoM Amncm {dMma Wm§~yZ MmcV Zmhr. gaH$maZoH$mhr H$amdo, BVa O~m~Xma cmoH$m§Zr H$mhr H$amdo,Ago gmao Xwgè`m§nmer R>odyZ oUo `mo½` ZgVo. AmnUMAmnë`mnarZo mgmR>r Oo H$aVm oB©c Vo H$ê$Z nmhmdo,`m CÔoemZo cmoH$emhr XoemMm EH$ ZmJ[aH$ åhUyZ^maVr` O¡Z g§KQ>ZoMo AÜ`j lr. em§{VcmcOr _wÏWm`m§Zr EH$ CnH«$_, àm`mo{JH$ VÎdmda gwê$ H$aÊ`mMm{ZU©` 2008 _Ü`o KoVcm. H$m_ _moR> o Am{U_hÎdmH$m§jr hmoVo. Ë`m_wio Ë`mgmR>r ~amM Aä`mgHo$cm Jocm. Z¸$s AmnU Hw$UmgmR>r d H$go H$m_H$am`Mo, `mMr H$m ©àUmcr {ZpíMV Ho$cr Jocr.

chmZ d`mVM _wco KaÀ`m dmVmdaUmV_yë`m§Mo n{hcod{hco YS>o Am{U Vohr AJXr ghOnUoKoV OmVmV. na§Vw BWo gm_m{OH$VoMm n[aga Hw$Qw>§~mVrcì`º$s¨nwaVmM _`m©{XV AgVmo Am{U Vmo AZoH$ A§Jm§Zrgwa{jVhr AgVmo. _wco emioV Om`cm cmJcr H$s

_mÌ Ë`m§Mm hm gm_m{OH$ n[aga EH$X_ {dñVmaVmo.AZoH$ doJdoJù`m Kam§Vrc, doJdoJù`m dmVmdaUm§VdmT>cocr _wco Ooìhm EH$Ì oVmV; VoìhmM _wcm§Mm Iè`mAWm©Zo g_mOmV àdoe hmoVmo. BWoM àW_V: dmJUwH$sMog§Ho$V nmiÊ`mMr, Xwgè`m§er {_iyZ-{_giyZdmJÊ`mMr, ñdV:Mo _Z doimodoir AmdaÊ`mMr Am{UZOrH$À`m àm¡T>m§H$Sy>Z {deofV: {ejH$-{e{jH$m§H$Sy>ZH$mhr YS>o KoÊ`mMr JaO {Z_m©U hmoVo. Zo_Š`m m, JaO{Z_m©U hmoÊ`mÀ`m doiog `m gwédmVrÀ`m {ejUmV_wcm§Zm Z¡{VH$ _yë`m§Mr AmoiI Pmcr, Ë`m§Mo AZw d{_imco, ñdV:À`m dmJUwH$ser Ë`m§Mo g§YmZ ~m§YVmAmco; Va _wco doJmZo d H$m`_ñdê$nr _yë o AmË_gmVH$aVrc, Aer Amem ~miJVm oVo.

_yë`dY©Z :

Á`m d`mV _wcm§À`m _Zmda Jmoï>r R>gVmV, Ë`md`mV hm à`moJ Ho$cm Va OmñV n[aUm_H$maH$ hmoB©c.åhUyZ àmW{_H$ emioVrc _wcm§gmR>r H$m`©H«$_R>a{dÊ`mV Amcm. `m à`moJmcm Zmd Úm`Mo R>aco"_yë`dY©Z' . `m à`moJmA§VJ©V Hw$R>cr _yë o XoÊ`mV`mdrV, H$em nÕVrZo XoÊ`mV `mdrV? H$moUË`mB`Îmo_Yrc _wcm§Zm Úm`cm gwédmV H$amdr `m gd©MàíZm§da ~aoM _§WZ Pmco. {Oëhm n[afXoÀ`m B`Îmmn{hcr Vo Mm¡WrÀ`m {dÚmÏ`mªZm {eH${dÊ`mMo R>aco._J _wcm§Zm {eH$Ê`mg gmonr nS>oc Am{U JmoS>r {Z_m©UhmoB©c, Aer nÕV dmnam`Mo R>aco. `mgmR>r nmMJUroWrc "nrg \$mC§S>oeZ'Mo g§ñWmnH$ S>m°. EM. Q>r. S>r.

am°ñQ> `m§À`m Aä`mgH«$_mMr {ZdS> H$aÊ`mV Amcr.hm Aä`mgH«$_ gh`moJr Ioi d gh`moJr aMZm `m§daAmYm[aV hmoVm; _wcm§_Ü o Ë`mMr JmoS>r {Z_m©U hmoB©c,Agm hmoVm.

gwédmVrMm à`moJ :

`m àH$ënmgmR>r, ~rS> {OëømVrc nmQ>moXm

& 22 & {ejUdoY & OyZ 2016

VmcwŠ`mVrc {Oëhm n[afXoÀ`m 159 emim{ZdS>Ê`mV Amë`m. hm Aä`mgH«$_ amoO ñdV§ÌnUoàË oH$ emio_Ü o n{hcr Vo Mm¡WrÀ`m {dÚmÏ`mªZm ~r.Oo. Eg.Zo {Z wº$ Ho$coë`m {ejH$m§_m\©$V XoÊ`mMo R>aco.`mgmR>r ~rS> {OëømVrcM S>r.ES>/~r.ES>. nXdrKoVcoë`m C_oXdmam§Mr {ZdS> H$aÊ`mV Amcr. {Z wº$Ho$coë`m gd© {ejH$m§Zm _yë`dY©Z m {df`mMo _yc yVAm{U {dñV¥V à{ejU {Xco. Zo_yZ {Xcoë`m emioVamoOÀ`m amoO OmD$Z {dÚmÏ`mªZm {ejU Úm`cmgwédmV Pmcr. Q>mMU§ H$mT>Uo, {dÚmÏ`mªMm gh^mJ,{eH$VmZm Am{U {eH${dVmZm Amcoco AZw^d,emgH$s` {ejH$ d _w»`mÜ`mnH$ `m §MràH$ënm~m~VMr _Vo, `m gd© Jmoï>tÀ`m gw{Z`mo{OVnÕVrZo Zm|Xr R>odë`m Joë`m. H$moUË`m Jmoï>r _wcm§Zmg_OÊ`mg-H$aÊ`mg AdKS> OmVmV, Hw$R>ë`mnmR>m§Zm-JrVm§Zm-H¥$VtZm OmñV à{VgmX {_iVmo,H$moUË`m {eH$dÊ`mg AdKS> OmVmV qH$dm doi OmñVKoVmV, gm{hË`gm_J«rMm XOm© Am{U dmna- Aem gd©~marH$gmarH$ Zm|Xr nwT>o Amdí`H$ Vo ~Xc H$aÊ`mgmR>rCn wº$ R>aV Joë`m.

AmR>dS>çmVyZ EH$Xm gdmªMr EH$Ì ~¡R>H$KoD$Z, da Z_yX Ho$coë`m gd©M ~m~tda MMm© H$aÊ`mVgwédmV Pmcr. gwédmVrcm Va amoO gH$mir MmaVm{gH$m nyU© H$ê$Z, Xwnmar gd© OU EH$Ì O_V AgV.Amcoë`m gd© àH$maÀ`m AZw dm§da MMm© H$arV AgV.àH$ënmMo XmoZ KQ>H$ _hÎdmMo hmoVo. EH$, àË`j emioV

OmD$Z {eH$Umao {ejH$. Am{U XmoZ, Ë`m§Zm _mJ©Xe©ZH$aUmao Am{U BVa gd© ~m~VtV _XV H$aUmaon ©dojH$. Á`m§Zr S>m°. am°ñQ> `m§À`mH$S>o gh`moJr aMZmd gh`moJr Ioi `mda AmYm[aV "nrg, _m°ac A°ÝS>ìh°ë y EÁ wHo$eZ' `m Aä`mgH«$_mMo XmoZ dfmªMo nyU©doioMo à{ejU AmYr KoVcoco hmoVo, Ago 12 OUn`©dojH$ nXmda d EHy$U 88 {ejH$ nmQ>m oXmVmcwŠ`mVrc 159 emim§_Ü o 17 Owc¡ 2009 nmgyZ_yë`dY©Z CnH«$_mMr A§_c~OmdUr H$ê$ cmJco.e¡j{UH$ df© 2010-11 nmgyZ ~rS> {OëømVrcnmQ>moXm d Amï>r VmcwŠ`mVrc {Oëhm n[afXoÀ`m EHy$U450 emim§_Yrc 28000 _wcm§n`ªV _yë`dY©ZnmohmoMy cmJco.

àH$ënm_mJMr XyaÑï>r :

àH$ën am~{dVmZmM XyaÑï>r R>odyZ ~rOoEgZoH$mhr aMZmË_H$ {ZU© KoVco. _yë`dY©Z Aä`mgH«$_,Ë`mgmR>rMo à{ejU d Ë`mMr A§_c~OmdUr m§~m~VH$mimZwgma ~Xc KS>dÊ`mgmR>r g§ñWoZo cdMrH$VmR>odcr. _Zwî`~i, Ë`m§Mo nJma, {Zdmgr à{ejUm-Xaå`mZMm amhÊ`mMm-OodUmMm IM©, à{ejUgm{hË`gm_J«r, emioV {eH$dÊ`mgmR>r d{eH$Ê`mgmR>r cmJUmao gd© gm{hË` VgoM g^m dà{ejUmgmR>r oÊ`m-OmÊ`mg cmJUmam gd© IM©,CnH«$_mgmR>r Amdí`H$ Aem àË oH$ Jmoï>rMr Am{W©H$O~m~Xmar maVr` O¡Z g§KQ>ZoZo AmZ§XmZo ñdrH$macr.

ñdÀN>Vm, àm_m{UH$nUm, ñd §{eñV ho JwU _wcm§_Ü o hiyhiy dmT>rg cmJcoco {XgyZ oD$

cmJco. `mM~amo~a, dñVy EH$_oH$m§Zm dmnam`cm XoUo, AneãX Z CƒmaUo, ^m§S>Uo Pmcr Va

OmñV H$mi Z {Q>H$Uo, emioV amoO doioda oUo, `m Jmoï>r emgH$s` {ejH$ VgoM

_w»`mÜ`mnH$ `m§À`mH$Sy>Z AmdOy©Z gm§JÊ`mV oD$ cmJë`m.

OyZ 2016 & {ejUdoY & 23 &

Hw$R>ë`mhr àH$maMm Am{W©H$ ~moOm _mJrc gmV dfmªVemgZmda òD$ {Xcocm Zmhr. g_mOn[adV©ZmÀ`mH$m_mgmR>r nwT>mH$ma KoUmar EH$ gm_m{OH$ g§ñWm {H$Vr~maH$mB©Zo {Z`moOZ H$ê$ eH$Vo, Ë`mMm hm Z_wZm_yë`dY©Z H$m ©H«$_mZo nwT>o AmUcm Amho.

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_yë`dY©ZmMo AZw d :

gwédmVrcm H$mhr emim§_Ü o _wcm§Mr CnpñWVrAJXrM H$_r Agm`Mr. AJXr Mma-nmM _wcm§ZmKoD$Z H$mhr emim§_Üò _yë`dY©ZmMo dJ© ¿`m`cmgwédmV Ho$cr. Aä`mgH«$_mV Agcoë`m Jmoï>r, _wcm§Zm

AmdS>Vrc Aem N>moQ>çm-N>moQ>çm Zm{Q>H$m, Ë`m§ZmCËgm{hV H$aVrc Aer gmonr d gwQ>gwQ>rV JmUr Am{UgdmªV _hÎdmMo åhUOo dJm©Vrc àË oH$ _wcmMm àË oH$Jmoï>rVrc gh^mJ, `m gJù`mM Jmoï>t_wio dJm©VrcCnpñWVr hiyhiy dmTy> cmJcr. JQ>MMm©, OmoS>rMMm©,gm_y{hH$ dVw ©i Aem gh`moJr aMZm§_wio _wcoAmnmngmV {_giy cmJcr. _wco-_wcr Agm oX^mdH$_r hmoD$ cmJcm. AmXë`m {Xder H$m` {eH$dco,Vo _wco cjmV R>odyZ Xwgè`m {Xder ñdV:hÿZ â^ê$Zgm§Jy cmJcr. _wcm§Zm _yë`dY©Z {ejH$m§~ÔcAmË_r`Vm dmQy> cmJcr. Vo amoO Ë`m§Mr dmQ> nmhm`Mo.AmOhr VodT>çmM CËgwH$VoZo hr _wco Ë`m§Mr dmQ> nmhVAgVmV. dJm©V {eaVmZm Ë`m§À`mer ~mocm`Mr, Ë`m§Mr~°J ¿`m`Mr H$moU Ym§Xc CS>m`Mr àË oH$mMr!

ñdÀN>Vm, àm_m{UH$nUm, ñd §{eñV ho JwU_wcm§_Ü o hiyhiy dmT>rg cmJcoco {XgyZ oD$ cmJco.`mM~amo~a, dñVy EH$_oH$m§Zm dmnam`cm XoUo, AneãXZ CƒmaUo, ^m§S>Uo Pmcr Va OmñV H$mi Z {Q>H$Uo,emioV amoO doioda oUo, `m Jmoï>r emgH$s` {ejH$VgoM _w»`mÜ`mnH$ `m§À`mH$Sy>Z AmdOy©Z gm§JÊ`mVòD$ cmJë`m. n`©dojH$m§Mm {Z`{_VnUm, AS>MUgmoS>dÊ`mMr VËnaVm, Z_«Vm Am{U ñZohnyd©H$ g_OmdyZgm§JUo `m§_wio Xya-Xya AgUmè`m emim§da Agcocr_yë`dY©ZmMr gd© _§S>ir EH$m g_mZ Ym½`mVAmOVmJm`V ~m §Ycr Jocr. Ë`mMm n[aUm_{eH$dÊ`mda Z¸$sM OmUdVmo. ZwgVr _wcm§_Ü o Zmhr,

_yë`dY©ZmMo àË`j H$m_ H$aUmè`m ghH$mè`m§H$Sy>Z EH$ Jmoï> gmVË`mZo EoH$md`mg {_iVo. Vr

åhUOo. "Am_Mm ñdV:MmM g§ _ dmT>cm, amJmda {Z §ÌU R>odVm oD$ cmJco', "Hw$R>crhr Jmoï>

Amåhr ZrQ> nyd©{Z`moOZ H$ê$Z H$ê$ cmJcmo' Am{U "Hw$R>ë`mhr Jmoï>rMo gwì`dñWmnZ åhUOo H$m`

Vo g_Oco', "d[að>m§er, emgH$s` A{YH$mè`m§er H$go ~mocm`Mo `mMr g_O d YrQ>nUm Amcm.'

& 24 & {ejUdoY & OyZ 2016

Va {ejH$ d n ©dojH$ Aem gdmª_Ü oM _yë o {dH${gVhmoVmZm doimodoir {ZXe©Zmg oV hmoVo.

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KoVmV. gdmªV _hÎdmMo åhUOo, _wcm§Zm _marV ZmhrV.Ë`m§Zr EH$ "em§VVm g§Ho$V' {Xcm H$s, _wco jUmYm©VJßn hmoVmV.''

{H$Vr Var emim §_Üò _ yë`dY©ZmMmdJ©{Z`§ÌUmgmR>rMm "em§VVm g§Ho$V' BVa gaH$mar{ejH$hr nmiy cmJco AmhoV. dmQ>oV oQ>co AgVmnmcH$m§H$Sy>Z, ""Vw_Mm Vmo gwdU© {Z`_ H$m` àH$maAmho hmo? _wco Kar Amåhmcm gmaIr nmcZ H$aÊ`mggm§JVmV,'' Aer {dMmaUm hmoD$ cmJcr. OoìhmnmcH$_§S>itZm Amåhr ôQ>cmo Voìhm Ë`m§À`mn¡H$s~è`mM OUm§Zr gm§{JVco, "AmVm Amåhr _wcm§g_moaVar KamV V§~mIy ImV Zmhr. _wcmcm {~S>r AmUm`cmnmR>dV Zmhr. Ë`m§À`mg_moa AmoT>V Zmhr,'' ~è`mM_{hcm§Zr gm§{JVco ""Am_Mr Zdam-~m`H$moMr m§S>Uogwê$ Pmcr H$s _wco _Yo Aer C^r amhÿZ em§VVm g§Ho$VXoVmV Am{U ^m§Sy> ZH$m gm§JVmV.'' VoìhmnmgyZ_wcm§g_moa ^m§S>UmMo à_mU Iyn H$_r Pmco . H$mhr_yë`dY©Z {ejH$m§Zr gm§{JVco H$s, Mm¡Wr_Yrc{dÚmÏ`mªMo {eì`m XoÊ`mMo à_mU _wcm§Zr AmnmngmV~mocyZ H$_r Ho$co Amho. H$mhr Vm§S>çm§daÀ`m emim§_Ü o_wcm§_Yrc ñdÀN>VoMo à_mU dmT>rg cmJco. AmVmVr _wco amoO A§Kmoi H$aVmV.

"àm{U_mÌm§Mr H$miOr KoUo' `m nmR>mZ§Va Va{H$Vr Var J_VrXma Am{U N>mZ {H$ñgo ~hþVoH$ àË oH$emiodarc {ejH$m§H$Sy>Z g_OV Joco. Ë`mVrc

_hÎdmMm åhUOo, _wco amoO WmoS>o-WmoS>o XmUmnmUrnú`m§gmR>r KamÀ`m VgoM emioÀ`m A§JUmV R>odycmJcr. AJXr AY} H$mncoco OwZo a~ar M|Sy>, JmS>çm§Modmnacoco Q>m`g©, ßc°pñQ>H$ ~er Aem {_ioc Ë`mgmYZm§_Ü o AmdOy©Z nmUr R>ody cmJcr. AJXr emiocmgwÅ>r Agcr Var.

AOyZ EH$ _hÎdmMr Jmoï> dma§dma EoH$m`cm{_iVo. Vr åhUOo Hw$R>ohr dñVy AWdm n¡go gmnS>ë`mda{dÚmWu Vo àm_m{UH$nUo _yë`dY©Z {ejH$mH$S>o AmUyZXoVmV. åhUOo AmUyZ XoUmam Va XoVmoM; nU ~mH$sMr_wconU àm_m{UH$nUo, "Vo Ë`m§Mo Zmhr' ho gm§JVmV.àm¡T>m§Zrhr _wcm§H$Sy>Z {eH$mdr, Aer hr Jmoï> Amho.

H$mhr nmcH$m§er MMm© Ho$cr AgVm Agog_Oco H$s _wco KaH$m_mV, YmH$Q>çm ^md§S>m§Zmgm§ miÊ`mV, emiocm Om`cm V`ma hmoÊ`mV IynM_XV H$aVmV Am{U gm§JVmV H$s, Ago H$am`cmAmåhmcm Am_À`m cmS>Š`m _yë`dY©Z {ejH$m§Zrgm§{JVco .

~rS> {Oëhm hm D$gVmoS>Ur H$m_Jmam§Mm åhUyZAmoiIcm OmVmo. {XdmirZ§Va Amï>r d nmQ>moXm oWrc~è`mM Kam§Vrc _§S>ir, KamVrc d`ñH$a _§S>ir dchmZ _wco _mJo R>odyZ D$gVmoS>UrgmR>r ~mhoaÀ`m amÁ`mVOmVmV. Voìhm hr n{hcr Vo Mm¡Wr_Yrc _wco Á`mnÕVrZo dmJVmV, Ë`mdê$Z Ë`m§À`m_Ü o {dH${gV hmoVAgcocr _yë o {ZXe©Zmg oVmV. H$maU _wcm§Mo ghOdmJUo ho Iyn nmaXe©H$ AgVo. {eH$coco ì`º$ H$aUo,hm ~mcñd^mdY_©M AgVmo.

_ yë`dY©ZmMo àË`j H$m_ H$aUmè`mghH$mè`m§H$Sy>Z EH$ Jmoï> gmVË`mZo EoH$md`mg {_iVo.Vr åhUOo. "Am_Mm ñdV:MmM g§ _ dmT>cm, amJmda{Z §ÌU R>odVm oD$ cmJco', "Hw$R>crhr Jmoï> AmåhrZrQ> nyd©{Z`moOZ H$ê$Z H$ê$ cmJcmo' Am{U "Hw$R>ë`mhr

OyZ 2016 & {ejUdoY & 25 &

Jmoï>rMo gwì`dñWmnZ åhUOo H$m` Vo g_Oco',"d[að>m§er, emgH$s` A{YH$mè`m§er H$go ~mocm`Mo`mMr g_O d YrQ>nUm Amcm.' H$mhr OUm§Zr gm§{JVcoH$s, "ñdV:Mm _wÔm H$gm EImÚmg_moa _m§S>mdm hog_Oco.' oWo ho cjmV oB©c H$s, _yë`{ejUmMo EH$Img d¡{eîQ>ç AgVo. {eH$Umè`m {dÚmÏ`m©~amo~a{eH${dUmè`m {ejH$-{e{jH$m§dahr Ë`mMm {dYm`H$n[aUm_ hmoV AgVmo- AJXr An[ahm ©nUo hmoV AgVmo.hm _yë`m§Zm {^S>Umè`m dmVmdaUmMm n[aUm_ AgVmo.

àH$ënm~m~V OmUyZ KoÊ`mgmR>r ~rS>Mo{ejUm{YH$mar, _w»` H$m ©H$mar A{YH$mar, JQ>{dñVmaA{YH$mar, {df`VÁk, gmYH$ ì`º$s, JQ>g_Ýd`H$,H|$Ðà_wI VgoM Amï>r d nmQ>moXm oWrc {Oëhm n[afXemim§Mo gd© _w»`mÜ`mnH$ Am{U gh{ejH$ `m§À`m_w»` H$m`m©c`mV, VgoM Jmdm§_Ü o doimodoir ~¡R>H$mKoÊ`mV Amë`m. àH$ënmMr _m{hVr, àË`jmVrcA§_c~OmdUr~m~V YmoaUo d Ë`mMo ì`dñWmnZ, VgoMàË`j H$m_ H$arV AgVmZm Amcoco AZw d m gd©MJmoï>tMr _w»` H$m`m©c`, H$m_ H$aUmar _§S>ir Am{UemgH$s` A{YH$mar `m§À`m_Üò doimodoir XodmU-KodmU hmoV am{hcr. `m_mJo EH$ {ZpíMV ñdê$nmMr{dMmaYmam hmoVr. H$moUVohr ì`mnH$ ñdê$nmdarcgm_m{OH$-e¡j{UH$ H$m_ ho EH$Q>çm-XwH$Q>çmMo VaZgVoM, nU Vo AZoH$ g§~§{YV KQ>H$m§À`m gmøm{dZm,n[aUm_H$maH$ Am{U {Q>H$mD$ hmoUohr eŠ` ZgVo.

Ë`m_wio AWm©VM gdmªÀ`m ghH$m`m©ZoM hm àH$ënOmo_mZo nwT>o OmV am{hcm.

Amåhr gm§JV am{hcmo Va _mJrc gmV dfmªVrcAmcoë`m nU nwT> o Á`m§À`mda _mV Ho$cr AemAS>MUr, Ag§»` AZw d, _OoXma {H$ñgo.... gJiodU©Z H$am`cm BWo OmJm Anwar nS>oc. hm gJim àdmgAZw dUo hrM EH$ Iyn N>mZ Jmoï> Amho. hm gJimIQ>mQ>mon H$emgmR>r? ^mdr {nT>r _yë`m{Y{ð>V OrdZOJUmar ìhmdr... OJmÀ`m ZH$memda N>moQ>ogo XmoZVmcwHo$, {VWcm hm _yë`dY©Z àH$ën... {OëømV ZìhoVa g§nyU© XoemV âmar KoÊ`mMr VmH$X Agcocm...dmQ> ~KVmo Vo Ü o cdH$aM JmR>Ê`mMr...

Am{U Vr g§Yr AmVm Amcr Amho. Joco df© a_hmamï´> emgZ d em§{Vcmc _wÏWm \$mC§S>oeZ `m§À`mVgwaoIgo {Z`moOZ hmoD$Z, _hmamï´> gaH$maÀ`m {dÚmn[afXoZo _yë`dY©Z H$m ©H«$_mÀ`m {dñVmamgmR>r nwT>mH$maKoVcm Amho. EH$ gw`mo½` Agm nWXeu H$m`©H«$_AmIcm Jocm Am{U Vmo A_cmVhr AmUcm OmD$cmJcm Amho. _hmamï´>m_Yrc Mm¡Vrg {Oëøm§_YyZEHo$H$m H|$Ðm_Üò, Ë`mVrc {Oëhm n[afXoÀ`m gd©emim§_YyZ _yë`dY©Z àH$ënmMr gwédmV ZwH$VrMPmcr Amho.

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nwT>rc A§H$mnmgyZ A§H$ {_iVrc. `mMr Zm|X ¿`mdr hr {dZ§Vr.

& 26 & {ejUdoY & OyZ 2016

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emoY Am{U ~moY

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emioVrc Amdí`H$ d AZmdí`H$ ~m~r

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_mUwgH$sMo VÎdkmZ ho {ejUmMo VÎd Agë`mZo gwg§ñH¥$V OrdZmgmR>r Bï> R>aUmar,_mZdr ì`dhmamMo AmXe© OrdZmÀ`m Ñï>rZo _yë o-g§ñH$ma {eH$dUmar EH$_od emim.

"{OWo {Oìhmim Vr emim' m Cº$sà_mUo emioV IamoIaM {Oìhmim, ào_, AmnwcH$s`m ~m~r Agm`cmM hì`mV. "_wc§' ho emioMo X¡dV Amho.

~mcH$m§À`m OrdZmcm `mo½` {Xem {_iÊ`mMo EH$_od H|$Ð åhUOoM emim hmo . OrdZOJÊ`mMo {eën emioV KS>{dco OmVo. _wcmMo OrdZ gwI_`, em§Vr_` d Amamo½`Xm`r H$gohmoB©c, `mgmR>rMo à`ËZ emioVyZ hmoUo JaOoMo Amho.

Ë`m AZwf§JmZo emim {dÚmWu-AZwHy$c ~ZdÊ`mgmR>r emioV H$moUË`m ~m~r Amdí`H$AmhoV, Ë`mV àm_w»`mZo nmM joÌo AË §V _hÎdmMr AmhoV.

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A) Amdí`H$ ~m~r -

q ^m¡{VH$ gw{dYm -

RTE 2009 Zwgma Xhm _mZHo$ {Xcocr AmhoV.

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_yc emioV Amco H$s a_co nm{hOo, Ë`mcmemim åhUOo _mPo Hw$Qw>§~-Ka dmQ>co nm{hOo. emimn[agamVrc PmS>o, \w$co, AmIcoco _¡XmZ `m gd©gmoBª~amo~aM {dÚmWu Amamo½`ÑîQ>çm ñdÀN>VmXoIrcAgUo AË §V _hÎdmMo Amho.

drO, E-learning a°ån, g§ajU{^§V,à`moJemim (CXm - yJmoc, {dkmZ, mfm, H$cm B.),AmnÎmr ì`dñWmnZ, àW_monMma noQ>r `m gd© gmoBªZrgwg‚m Aer emim Agmdr.

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Á`mà_mUo am onmMo `m o½` àH$ma o g§Jm onZHo$ë`mZ§Va Vo AmnmoAmnM dmT>Vo d Ë`mMo d¥jm_Ü o

ê$nm§Va hmoVo; Ë`mà_mUo `m JmoS>, {ZamJg ~mcH$m§Zm\$º$ `mo½` _mJ©Xe©ZmMr Amdí`H$Vm Amho. _J{dÚmWu AmnmoAmnM kmZ J«hU H$aVmV. "_r {eH$dc§,_r Ho$c§' åhUUmam {ejH$ ZH$mo; Va \$º$ àmoËgmhZna_mJ©Xe©Z, mo½` {Xem XmIdUmam _mJ©Xe©H$ (gwc^H$)hdm. {dÚmÏ`mªg_moarc M¡VÝ`nyU© nmR>çnwñVH$ åhUOoñdV: {ejH$ AgVmV.

AÜ``Z-AÜ`mnZà{H«$ oV _wc§ d _mJ©Xe©H$`m XmoZ _hÎdmÀ`m y{_H$m AmhoV. _wc§ emioV ZmhrV,Va _mJ©Xe©H$mMo H$mhrM H$m_ Zmhr. åhUyZ _wc§ Am{U_mJ©Xe©H$ `m EH$mM ZmÊ`mÀ`m XmoZ ~mOy AmhoV.`m{edm` {ejUà{H«$`m nyU©nUo èñdr hmoD$ eH$VZmhr.

_wco hr AZwH$aU{à` AgVmV. `mgmR>r({ejH$) _mJ©Xe©H$ hm AÜ``Zerc AgUo {ZVm§VJaOoMo Amho. _mZgemó, ~mc_mZgemó OmUyZ mo½`Ë`m {R>H$mUr `mo½` CnMma H$aUmam Agmdm. `m gd©^y{_Ho$VyZ OmVmZm `mo½` Ë`m aMZmdmXmMm ñdrH$maH$ê$Z Amnë`m {df`mV BË § yV kmZ àmá H$ê$Z CÎm_JmT>m Aä`mgH$ AgUo XoIrc _hÎdmMo Amho. ~XcË`mH$mimZwê$n ZdZdrZ CnH«$_ d V§ÌkmZmMo kmZXoIrcË`mcm AdJV AgUo JaOoMo Amho.

Teacher Exchange hmoUo ho JaOoMo Amho.(NCF - 2005) dma§dma VoM Vo åhQ>c§ H$s,H§$Q>midmUr Jmoï> hmoVo. AÜ``Z-AÜ`mnZà{H«$òVTeacher Exchange hr EH$ _hÎdmMr ~m~ Amho."ZdrZ Vo _O hdo' mà_mUo {dÚmWu ZmdrÝ`mH$S>o OmñVAmH${f©cm OmVmo Am{U Ë`mVyZ {_imcoco kmZ ho{MaH$mc ñ_aUmV amhÊ`mg _XV hmoVo. {ejH$~XcÊ`mZo {dÚmÏ`mªZm ZdZdrZ Jmoï>r {eH$Ê`mV,AZw^dÊ`mV òVmV; Ë`m_wio {dÚmWu emioVa_Ê`mgXoIrc _XV hmoVo Am{U AÜ``Z H$aUo{dÚmWmªÀ`m Ñï>rZo H§$Q>midmUo hmoV Zmhr.

& 28 & {ejUdoY & OyZ 2016

{dÚmWu-_ZmMm {dMma H$aUmam, {dÚmÏ`mªZmAmncogo H$ê$Z KoUmam, ^rVr d H$S>H$ {eñV ~mOycmgmê$Z {dÚmWu-^mdZm§Mm {dMma H$aUmam, {dÚmWu-H$cmZwê$n `mo½` _mJ©Xe©Z H$aUmam A{^ê$n Agm_mJ©Xe©H$ Agmdm. emioV {dÚmWu-H$cmJwUmMm{dMma H$aVm {d{dY àH$maÀ`m ñnYm© narjm,gm§ñH¥${VH$ H$m ©H«$_, H«$sS>m ñnY}Mo Am`moOZ emimñVamda Am`mo{OV H$aÊ`mV `mdo.

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ghemco CnH«$_m§À`m _mÜ`_mZo {dÚmWu-_ZmVrc gwáJwUm§Mm Aä`mg H$aUo gmono OmVo. VgoM {dÚmÏ`mªZmñdmZw dmVyZ {_iUmam EH$ àH$maMm AmZ§X d kmZàmárhmoÊ`mg gmono OmVo.

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l emco A{^coI - EHy$U 56 àH$maMr a{OñQ>g©AÚmdV AgUo JaOoMo Amho. `m A{^coIm§Mrgwa{jVVm ~miJmdr.

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l JUdoegº$s ZH$mo.

l {eñVrMm ~S>Jm ZH$mo.

l An_mZmñnX dmJUyH$ ZH$mo.

l emim ~m§YH$m_- ñdV§Ì §ÌUoH$Sy>Z H$adyZ ¿`mdo.

l {IMS>r - ñdV§Ì §ÌUm Agmdr.

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Kar, Xmar, ~mOmar AmnU Á`m ^mfoV ~mocVmo; Ë`m ^mfoV {ejU ¿`m`Mo ZgVo, AgoAmnU ^maVr` _mZVmo! JwéXod adtÐZmW Q>mJmoam§Zr `m cmoH$m§gmR>r "_yT>' eãX dmnacm. nUMM}_Ü o hm eãX "AneãX' åhUyZ JUcm OmVmo!

B. g. 2000 _Ü`o OJmMr EHy$U g§»`m gmS>ogmV AãO (åhUOo 750 H$moQ>r)EdT>r hmoVr. Ë`mn¡H$s EHy$U gw_mao 5 AãO (åhUOo 500 H$moQ>r) cmoH$m§Zm B§J«Or ^mfm oVZìhVr. Ë`m§Zr B§J«Or ^mfm _mÜ`_ åhUyZ dmnacr Zmhr. Ë`mV àJV Xoehr _moS>V hmoVo. Ë`m§ZrAmnmnë`m _mV¥ mfoVM {ejU KoVco. Ë`mVrc O_©Zr `m XoemZo ZdZdrZ kmZ {Z_m©U Ho$co.Zmo~oc nm[aVmo{fH$mMo ~aoM _mZH$ar Aem Xoem§VyZ {Z_m©U Pmco.

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{ejUmMo _mÜ`_-EH$ MmoWm Pmcocm {df`

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& 30 & {ejUdoY & OyZ 2016

^maVmVrc _yc^yV g§em oYZ H$aUmè`memókm§Mr emco` {ejUmMr ^mfm hr Ë`m§Mr_mV¥ mfmM hmoVr. à{gÕ J{UVr am_ZwO_² `m§Zm VaAmYr B§J«Or oVM ZìhVo!

EH$m _. Jm§YrdmXr åhUdyZ KoUmè`m emio_Ü o_r oQ> d mfU XoÊ`mg Jocmo. VoWrc ~mcdmS>r (gm°ar!Ho$. Or.) _Ü o VrZ-Mma dfmªÀ`m _wcm§Zm B§J«OrVyZ{eH${dÊ`mV oV hmoVo! "nßny, q~«J X ~m°c!' ~mB© EH$M|Sy> Xyada \o$H$sV hmoË`m d chmZ _wcmcm M|Sy>AmUÊ`mg gm§JV hmoË`m! _r åhQ>c§, ""AmnU AemarVrZo Va Hw$Í`mg {eH${dVmo!'' H$maU Amncr Aern¸$s YmaUm Amho H$s, Hw$Í`m§Zm B§J«OrM g_OVo! YÝ`Vmo Jmoam gmho~! Vmo "ZaH$mV' IXIXyZ hgV Agoc!

_w§~B©gma»`m ehamV Va B§J«Or _mÜ`_mÀ`memim§Mo nodM \w$Q>co Amho. OodT>çm B§J«Or _mÜ`_mÀ`memim OmñV, VodT>m A_amR>r cmoH$m§Mm _amR>r Z{eH$Ê`mH$S>o H$c dmT>Vmo. nydu _amR>r emim OdihmoË`m, AmVm B§J«Or _mÜ`_mÀ`m emim Odi Amë`m._amR>r _mÜ`_mÀ`m emim H$_r Pmë`m d Xya dmQy>cmJë`m. IwÔ _amR>r ^mfH$ nmcH$ Amnë`m _wcm§ZmB§J«Or _mÜ`_mMm AmJ«h H$ê$ cmJco. ZdZdrZ{Z`mo{OV ZJam§VyZ BVa gwIgmoBª~amo~a "B§J«Or_mÜ`_mMr emim' ho AmH$f©U Ë`m§À`m Om{hamVrVyZ{Xgy cmJco, Zì`mZo _amR>r emim H$moU H$mT>Uma?Am{U _amR>r _mUyg B§J«OrMmM AÅ>hmg H$aUma

Agoc, Va _amR>r _mUgmZo H$moUË`m Vm|S>mZo, "A_amR>r_wcm§Zr _amR>r {eH$mdr' ho gm§JUma? CcQ>, _amR>r_mUygM Im§Xo CS>drV åhUVmo - ''Afterall 'Bombay'

(!) is a cosmopolitan city!'' Aem doir AmMm ©AÌo m§Zr g. H$m. nmQ>rc m§Zm {Xcocr {edr AmR>dVo- "Aao, VwPm ~mn H$m°ñ_m°nm°{cQ>Z!' Am{U Oo _w§~B©VCJdV§, Vo àW_ nwÊ`mV InV§ d VoWyZ Vo g§nyU© _hmamï>mVngaV§! Vo BVn`ªV H$s Am{Xdmgr nmS>çm§daXoIrcB§J«Or _mÜ`_mÀ`m ~mcdmS>çm \$mo\$mdy cmJë`m AmhoV!nyÁ` {JOw mB© ~YoH$m, nÙ yfU Vmam~mB© _moS>H$, nÙlrAZwVmB© dmK `m§À`mgma»`m§Mo l_ dm`mM Joco Ag§åhUmd§ H$m? _amR>r _mÜ`_mÀ`m emim§VyZ J{UV d{dkmZ AJXr n{hcrnmgyZ B§J«Or mfoVyZ {eH$dm Ag§åhUÊ`mn`ªV gwM{dUma o _hmamï ´ > mVrc Cƒ{ejUm{YH$mar EH$m \$Q>Š`mV "_amR>r {dkmZn[afXoM§' H$m © Zï> H$ê$ eH$VmV Am{U AmnU ZVÐï>_amR>r _mUg§ Q>mù`m {nQ>Vmo! Ë`mnojm _amR>r H$WmH$maamOZ ImZ åhUVmV Vo H$m` dmB©Q>? Ë`m§Zr gwM{dc§(H$s gwZ{dc§) Amho H$s, "EH$Xm _hmamï´>mZo Amncr_mV¥ mfmM ~Xcmdr Am{U oË`m 50 dfmªZ§Va B§JOrMMmcoc d _amR>r {eH$dyM Z o, Ago R>admdo; åhUOo^mfoMm àíZ H$m`_MmM {_Q>oc!'

gÜ`m Var _hmamï´>mV ZdZdrZ OmVt_Ü o ^anS>V Mmccr Amho. e¡j{UH$ joÌmV {df_Vm åhUOonwT> o OrdZ^a {df_Vm H$m`_ R> odÊ`mMr "h_r`moOZmM'! Jar~ _wcm§Zm B§J«Or _mÜ`_ nadS>V Zmhr

Amnë`m g_mOmV AmYrM AR>amnJS> OmVr-Y_©! Ë`mV hr Zdr dJ©dmar H$s OmVdmar? gd©M _wcm§gmR>r

EH$M H$m ©àYmZ {ejUnÕVr, _mV¥ mfoVyZ {ejU d OdiÀ`mM emioV XmIc H$ê$Z gd© emim§Zm

g_mZ XOm© d B`Îmm ~mamdrn ªV gd© {ejU gaH$mar IMm©Zo Pmë`mg Amnë`m g_mOmMo d amï´>mMo ~aoM

àíZ gwQ>Vrc. nU ho H$moUmcm hdo Amho?

OyZ 2016 & {ejUdoY & 31 &

åhUyZ _amR>r _mÜ`_mÀ`m emioV ZmBcmOmZo OmUoAm{U lr_§V _wcm§Zr B§J«Or mfm hr _mÜ`_ Agcoë`memim§VyZ OmUo,' hm àH$ma BWoM Wm§~V Zmhr; Va "B§J«Or_mÜ`_mÀ`m' emim§À`m _§S>imà_mUo OmVr-nmoQ>OmVr{Z_m©U Pmë`m AmhoV. Eg. Eg. gr. (B§J«Or _mÜ`_): gr~rEgB©, Am`grEgB©, B§Q>aZ°eZc ~moS>ª²g...BË`mXr. Omon`ªV Jar~ _wc§ AmhoV Vmon`ªV _amR>r(gaH$mar) emim§Zm A^` Amho! Voìhm _amR>r emim{Q>H$dm`À`m AgVrc, Va J[a~r H$m`_ H$er amhrc`mgmR>r gd©M ñVam§da à`ËZ H$aÊ`mMr Oéar Amho!!

VgoM Omo-Omo Jar~ _wcm§À`m nmcH$m§MmAm{W©H$ ñVa dmT>Vmo, Vmo-Vmo Ë`m nmcH$m§À`m _ZmV"H$Yr EH$Xm B§J«Or _mÜ`_mÀ`m emim§_Ü o AmnUnmë`m§Zm Kmcy' Ago hmoVo! H$O© H$mTy>, Xm{JZo {dHy$;nU _wcm§Zm B§J«Or _mÜ`_mÀ`mM emioV nmR>dy! AemVèhoZo Jar~ _wc§ EgEggrÀ`m B§J«Or _mÜ`_mÀ`memioV Joë`mda {VWo AmYrnmgyZ Cƒ dJm©Mr WmoS>rlr_§V nmcH$m §Mr _ wc§ `m ZdrZ Amcoë`m"_mocH$aUrÀ`m' _wcm§~amo~a amhUo eŠ` Zmhr. Ë`m§À`mnmcH$m§Zm H$gogoM hmoVo! _J Vo lr_§V nmcH$ Amnë`m_wcm§Zm H$m°Ýìh|Q> qH$dm gr~rEgB© `m emim§_Üò{eH$Ê`mg nmR>{dVmV! J[a~m§Mm {dQ>mi ZH$mo! nUJar~ nmcH$ hiyhiy {VWohr {eaH$md H$ê$ cmJcoAmhoV. Ë`m_wio lr_§V nmcH$ Am`grEgB©À`m emim§ZmOdi H$aVmV! {OWo _amR>r hm {df`XoIrc {eH$drVZmhrV. A_amR>r cmoH$m§Zm Aem emim§~Ôc {deofAmnwcH$s dmQ>Vo. _amR>r ^mfm A{Zdm © H$aVm H$m`,Amåhr Am_À`m _wcm§Zm Am`grEgB©_Üò qH$dmB§Q>aZ°eZc ñHy$ëg_Üò Kmcy, nU _amR>r {eH$UmaZmhr! Am{U VmoM {dMma _amR>r mfH$ nmcH$ H$aUma.J{UV {df`hr gmoS>Vm oVmo, _amR>rM§ Va Zm_mo{ZemUZmhr- hrM ì`dñWm "Amnë`mgma»`m§Zm gmoB©Mr!'

Amnë`m g_mOmV AmYrM AR>amnJS> OmVr-Y_©! Ë`mV hr Zdr dJ©dmar H$s OmVdmar? gd©M_wcm§gmR>r EH$M H$m ©àYmZ {ejUnÕVr, _mV¥ mfoVyZ{ejU d OdiÀ`mM emioV XmIc H$ê$Z gd©emim§Zm g_mZ XOm© d B`Îmm ~mamdrn ªV gd© {ejUgaH$mar IMm©Zo Pmë`mg Amnë`m g_mOmMo d amï´>mMo~aoM àíZ gwQ>Vrc. nU ho H$moUmcm hdo Amho?

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EH$ H$R>rU ^mfm Xwgè`m H$R>rU ^mfoÀ`m_mÜ`_mVyZ {eH$Uo hm _yI©nUm Ho$di Amnë`mM WmoaXoemV hmoD$ eH$Vmo. Am{U H$ha åhUOo, `m XmoÝhr^mfm `m Amnë`m XoemVrc gm_mÝ` _mUgm§À`m_mV¥^mfm Va A{O~mV ZmhrV. EH$ Or ^mfm{eH$md`mMr, Vr Amncr "AmOr'- åhUOo H$R>rUì`mH$aUmMr A{ÔmV g§ñH¥$V ^mfm hmo . Am{U Vr{eH$Ê`mMo _mÜ`_ åhUyZ "gm`~mMr' B§p½ce ^mfm,åhUOoM Xwgar H$R>rU d naH$s ^mfm! hm Xwï> àH$magr~rEgB©/ Am`grEgB© BË`mXr _§S>im§H$Sy>Z Amnë`mXoemV MmcVmo; mhÿZ A{YH$ _yI©Vm Hw$R>o AmT>ië`mggm§Jm- ~jrg XoD$! Am{U åhUo, Am_À`m _§S>imMo{ejU Cƒ XOm©Mo! YÝ` Vmo ^maV Xoe!

Vm. H$.: coIH$mMr _wc§ _amR>r _mÜ`_mÀ`m emioV{eH$cr. _wcJm hm ZwgVm S>m°ŠQ>a Zmhr, Va ñnmB©Z ñnoem{cñQ>gO©Z Pmcm. _wcJr hr E_.Eñgr, nrEM. S>r. ^m¡{VH$emóKoD$Z emók Pmcr. ^mMo_§S>itn¡H$s {VK§hr JmdmÀ`m {O. n.À`m _amR>r emioV {eH$cr. XmoK§ OU _moR>o S>m°ŠQ>a hmoD$Z {VWoMgodm H$aVmV, Va {Vgam H$åß wQ>a B§{O{Zà hmoD$Z H°${c\$mo{Z© mVJwJc_Üò _moR>çm nXmda Amho.

{dÚmYa A_¥Vo 9619679570

& 32 & {ejUdoY & OyZ 2016

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O`_mcm MìhmU○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○

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_wc§ g_OyZ KoVmZm

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OyZ 2015 cm B`Îmm n{hcrMm dJ© _mÂ`mH$S>o oUma, mMr _cm nyd©H$ënZm hmoVr. Ë`mgmR>rAmdí`H$ gm{hË` _r AmYrM V`ma Ho$co hmoVo. \o$~«wdmar _{hÝ`mnmgyZM XmIcnmÌ _wcmMrO_dmO_d Ho$cr Am{U 1 _mM© 2015 cm n{hcrMm dJ© gwê$ Pmcm. _cm WmoS>ogo Q>oÝeZ hmoVo,H$maU hm dJ© aMZmdmXmà_mUo V`ma H$am`Mm hmoVm.

_wco emioV oVmM Ë`m§Mo Am¡jU H$ê$Z, Ë`m§Zm ImD$ d \y$c XoD$Z Ë`m§Mo ñdmJV Ho$co.n{hcrÀ`m dJm©V ZoD$Z Ë`m§Zm ~gdco. Vr _wc§ IynM em§V d A~moc dmQ>V hmoVr. _J _r Ë`m§ZmZmMyZ doJdoJir ~S>~S>JrVo {eH${dcr. Ë`m§Zm oUmar A§JUdmS>rVrc JmUr åhUyZ KoVcr.Ë`m_wio Vr IynM Iwccr, hcH$s-\w$cH$s Pmcr.

_r àË oH$ _wcmÀ`m ZmdmMo H$mS>© V`ma Ho$co hmoVo. àË oH$mcm Vo XoD$Z "ho VwÂ`m ZmdmMo {MÌAmho' Ago gm§{JVco. Vo nmhÿZ Ë`m§Zm Iyn AmZ§X Pmcm. Vr EH$_oH$mcm Vo H$mS>© XmIdyZ "_mPoZmd, _mPo Zmd' Ago gm§Jy cmJcr. Ë`m§À`m Mohè`mda EH$ doJirM M_H$ OmUdV hmoVr. _r

OyZ 2016 & {ejUdoY & 33 &

Ë`m§Zm ìham§S>çmV Zoco. {VWo AgUmè`m CnpñWVr-\$cH$mda ñdV:Mo Zmd cmdÊ`mg gm§{JVco. VoìhmgdmªZr IynM JS>~S> Ho$cr. _r EH$ wº$s Ho$cr. _wcm§Zm{dMmaco, ""AmO n{hë`m§Xm emioV H$moU Amco?''Voìhm d¡îUdr åhUmcr, ""_r.'' cJoM _wcm§À`mV MMm©gwê$ Pmcr. Xwgao-{Vgao- Ag§ H$aV gd© Zmdo\$cH$mda cmJcr. _cm \$ma AmZ§X Pmcm. Xwgè`m{Xder _r OmÊ`mnyduM n{hcrMo ~aoM {dÚmWu hOahmoVo. _r {dMmaco, ""H$m` ao, AmO cdH$a AmcmV?''Vr åhUmcr, ""Zmd ~moS>©da cmdm`M§ åhUyZ.''~è`mM OUm§Zr ñdV: Zmd emoYyZ ~moS>©da cmdc§.{Vgè`m-Mm¡Ï`m {Xder Va hr _wco EH$_oH$mcm ZmdemoYm`cm _XV H$ê$ cmJcr. gmYmaU n§Yamì`m{Xder _wco EH$_oH$m§Mr Zmdo dmMy cmJcr. H$moUVrhrAja-AmoiI ZgVmZm hm M_ËH$ma Pmcm.

_r H$mhr gyMZmnQ²>Q>çm V`ma Ho$ë`m. Ë`mVrcEH$-EH$ gyMZm _r _wcm§Zm gm§JV hmoVo. gyMZmnÅ>rXmIdyZ Ver H¥$Vr _r H$aV hmoVo. _wc§ H¥$Vr nmhÿZgyMZm AmoiIV hmoVr. MwH$coë`m gyMZm XwéñV H$ê$Zgm §JV hm oVr. Mma-nmM {Xdg Agm gamdKoVë`mZ§Va, ghmì`m {Xder \$ù`mda gyMZm {chÿZË`m§Zm H¥$Vr H$am`cm cmdV hmoVo. gd© _wc§ H¥$Vr H$aVgyMZm dmMV hmoVr. OdiOdi 40 gyMZm _wc§AMyH$ dmMy cmJcr.

Aem àH$mao _wimjam§Mr AmoiI ZgVmZmhr _wc§eãX dmMy cmJcr, ho AmíM ©M hmoV§. AjakmZ n o$ìhmdo åhUyZ amoO EH$m AjamMo eãXMH«$ KoV hmoVo. Ë`meãXm§da _wc§ doJdoJir dmŠ § H$aV. Hw$_R>o ~rQ>_Yrcemim nmhÊ`mgmR>r g§nyU© _hmamîQ´>mVyZ {ejH$ oVAgVmV. gßQ>|~a _{hÝ`m_Ü o nwUo {OëømVrc {ejH$_mÂ`m dJm©V aMZmdmX g_OyZ KoV hmoVo. Ë`m§Zr eãXMH«$H$aÊ`mgmR>r Aja {Xco- "_'. `m AjamnmgyZ gwê$hmoUmao {d{dY eãX _wco gm§JV hmoVr. gmjrZo eãXgm§{JVcm, "_moXr'. gdmªZm {deof dmQ>co.

Ë`mZ§Va àË oH$ eãXmdê$Z _wc§ EH$-EH$ dmŠ`

V`ma H$aV hmoVr. EH$ {ejH$ åhUmco, ""_moXreãXmnmgyZ dmŠ` gm§Jm.'' _r WmoS>r (_ZmVyZ) Km~aco.H$maU AmVm _moXr eãXmMo _wco H$m` dmŠ` gm§JUma?_cm àíZM nS>cm. EdT>çmV H$mX§~ar C^r am{hcr.{VZo dmŠ` gm§{JVco, ""_moXr ho gaH$ma Amho.'' gd©dJm©V EH$M hem {nH$cm. gma§J C^m am{hcm dåhUmcm, ""_moXr Hw$Vm© AmnU KmcVmo.'' gdmªZr_ZmnmgyZ Q>mù`m dmO{dë`m.

_wcm§Zr- Vohr n{hcrÀ`m _wcm§Zr- hr dmŠ`§gm§JmdrV, ho AmíM © hmoV§. _wcm§Mo ho n[agakmZ nmhÿZgd© OU Iye Pmco. Ë`m§Zr _wcm§Zm ImD$ {Xcm.

"eãXmdê$Z Jmoï> V`ma H$aUo' hm EH$ CnH«$_ _r_mÂ`m dJm©V am~{dcm. Ë`mgmR>r _r _wcm§Zm amoO EH$Jmoï> gm§JV Ago. EH$Xm _cm dmQ>co- ~Ky `m Va,Ia§M _wcm§Zm O_Vo H$m Jmoï> H$am`cm? _r n{hcrÀ`m_wcm§Zm eãX {Xco. _moa, emim, nmD$g, _wco.

_wcm§Zr N>moQ>çm-N>moQ>çm \$ma gw§Xa Jmoï>r gm§{JVë`m.Am{XVrZo Va IynM gw§Xa Jmoï> gm§{JVcr. Vr Aer-EH$Xm emim ^acr hmoVr. _wc§ emioV IoiV hmoVr.nmM dmOco. K§Q>m Pmcr. emim gwQ>cr. _wc§ dJm©VyZ~mhoa nS>cr. EdT>çmV OmoamMm nmD$g Amcm. gJù`mañË`mcm nmUr gmMco. _wc§ VerM EH$m PmS>mOdiC^r am{hcr. EdT>çmV EH$ _moa {VWo Amcm. _moa_wcm§Zm åhUmcm, "H$m` ao _wcm§Zmo, Ago H$m C^oAmhmV? Kar Omdm H$s.' _wc§ åhUmcr, "añË`mcmIyn nmUr Amho, Amåhmcm ^rVr dmQ>Vo.'

_moa åhUmcm, "Wm§~m, Km~ê$ ZH$m. _mÂ`m nmR>rdaXmoKo OU ~gm. _r Vwåhmcm Vw_À`m Kar gmoS>Vmo.'Ago H$aV _moamZo gd© _wcm§Zm Ë`m§À`m Kar gmoS>co._wcm§Zm Iyn AmZ§X Pmcm. _wc§ åhUmcr, "_moam, W±Š y!'

VmËn © : Zoh_r H$moUmcmhr _XV H$amdr.Am{XVrMr Jmoï> EoHy$Z _r W¸$ Pmco. _mPr _wc§

_mÂ`mhrnojm H$ënH$ AmhoV, `mMr OmUrd _cmPmcr.

O`_mcm MìhmU 9422033774

& 34 & {ejUdoY & OyZ 2016

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H$ënZm ~ZgmoS> S>opìhS>○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○

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Amåhr XmoKr _o¡{ÌUr ~è`mM {Xdgm§Zr Xþgè`m EH$m _¡{ÌUrH$So> Jobmo hmoVmo. CÝhmMmVS>mIm bjmV KoVm, Mma Z§VaM Kê$Z {ZKmbmo; nmohMon ªV nmM dmObo. hm`-h°bmo Pmb§,hm°b_Ü o ~gbmo, nmUr dJ¡ao ß`m`bmo; VodT>çmV {VMo gmgy-gmgao ~mhoa Ambo. Vo ~mhoa OmÊ`mÀ`mV`marV hmoVo. Ë`m§À`mer WmoS§> BH$S>M§-{VH$S>M§ ~mobyZ hmoVmM Vo nm`m§V Mnbm gaH$mdyZXmam~mhoa OmD$Z C o am{hbo. AmV _¡{ÌUrMm {VÀ`m XmoZ-AS>rM dfmªÀ`m ~mimda AmoaS>Ê`mMmAmdmO oV hmoVm. ""Aao Wm§~ Zm! _r XoVo bmdyZ nQ>H$Z², AmOr-AmOmo~m Wm§~boV ao, {H$VrdoimnmgyZ XmamV! Vwbm _m{hVr Amho, Z§ Ë`m§Mo JwS>Jo XþIVmV, OmñV doi C^m am{hë`mda?''Ë`mda CÎma åhUyZ Xþgam AmdmO Zmhr. _¡ÌrU AOyZ EH$-XmoZ doim AemM AWm©M§ H$mhr Var

& 40 & {ejUdoY & OyZ 2016

~mobbr, nU Varhr Ë`mda CÎma åhUyZ Xþgam AmdmOZmhr. AmOr-AmOmo~m ÌñV Moh-è`mZo EH$_oH$m§H$So>nmhV hmoVo. eodQ>r Amnë`m Bdbwí`m XmoZ ~moQ>m§Zr eQ>©M§~Q>U bmdÊ`mV JH©$ Agbobr EH$ N>moQwer _yVu AmB©Zo~ImoQ>çmbm Yê$Z ~mhoa AmUbr. AmB©Zo AmoT>VAmUb§ åhUyZ ñdmar nwT>o gaH$V Agbr, Var ~Q>UbmdÊ`mÀ`m à`ËZmV Hw$R>bm åhUyZ ì`Ë`` AmbobmZìhVm. Vo H$m_ VodT>çmM VÝ_`VoZ§ Mmby hmoV§. AmB©ZhmVmVc§§ gmoS>b§ Voìhm Amho Ë`mM OmJoda C o amhÿZ Vo^JraW à`ËZ MmbyM hmoVo. AmOr-AmOmo~m Am{U~mi; gwZoÀ`m dmJÊ`m~m~V AË`§V ZmIyf ^mdMohè-`mda XmIdV hmoVo. ~mimMr AmB©- H$m` hm_¡{ÌUtg_moa KamVbm V_mem åhUyZ eaq_§Xm PmcrhmoVr; Va _mÂ`mgmo~VMr _¡ÌrU, "AJ§ H$a Zm _XVË`m ~mimbm! {H$Vr doimnmgyZ YS>nS>Vmo Vmo!' Agm

bwH$ XoV hmoVr. N>moQ>r _yVu _mÌ Cä`m OmJr H$m ©_¾Amnë`mM {dídmV _¾! _mÂ`m {ejH$s _ZmV _mÌË`m _yVuM§ H$m¡VwH$ Amog§Sy>Z dmhV hmoV§, {dMmam§Mr nmZ§\$S>\$Sy> bmJbr hmoVr Am{U àË oH$ nmZmda bhmZ-_moR>r "kmZaMZm', "kmZaMZmdmX' "kmZg§aMZmdmX'Aer Aja§ ZmMV hmoVr.

{H$Vr AWH$ à`ËZ Mmby hmoVm {eH$Ê`mMm,ñdV…H$ê$Z nmhÊ`mMm, Z H§$Q>miVm `eñdr hmoB©n ªVH$aV amhÊ`mMm. Ia§ Va {H$Vr CnOV AgV§ Zm ho{eH$U§! H$moUr {eH$dV§ H$m ~mimbm, H$g§ nmoQ>mdagaH$V nwT>o OmD$Z dñVy {_idm`Mr Vo? H$m Hw$Ur am§JyZXmIdV§ Ë`mbm H$g§ am§Jm`M§ Vo? _mPr V§Ðr bmJbrhmoVr. AmB© Aghmæ`nUo ~mimH$So> nmhV hmoVr Am{UAMmZH$ AmdmO Ambm- ""~K, bmdb§ H$s Zmhr!AmbmoM h§ AmOmo~m!'' N>moQw>er pñbna nm`mV MT>dyZ~mimZo bJoM OmD$Z AmOmo~m§M§ ~moQ> Yab§. hþíe!gJù`m§ZmM gwQ>ë`mgmaI§ Pmb§. AmOr-AmOmo~m~mimbm Imbr IoiÊ`mgmR>r KoD$Z Jobo, _¡ÌrU Oamg_mYmZmZ§ Am_À`mOdi Q>oH$br; nU _r _mÌ AOyZ~mimOdiM hmoVo. EdT>çm à`ËZmZ§Va ~mimZo ~Q>Ubmdb§, nU Hw$UrM H$g§ H$m¡VwH$ Ho$b§ Zmhr Ë`mM§?

Ia§ åhUOo KmB© Amnë`mbm AgVo- EH$XmM§CaHy$Z Q>mH$Ê`mMr; _J Ë`m§Zm à`ËZ H$aÊ`mMr g§YrH$moU XoUma? AmnU nQ>mnQ> CaHy$Z Q>mH$Vmo Am{UË`m§Mr ñd-à`ËZmZo {eH$Ê`mMr C_u _mê$Z Q>mH$VmonU emioV Joë`mda nwÝhm Anojm R>odVmo, Ë`mZokmZaMZmdmXr nÕVrZo {eH$Ê`mMr. Aao, H$m`Mmbb§ H$m`? _yb Am{U Ë`mMm _|Xÿ åhUOo H$m`Am°Z-Am°\$ H$aVm oUma§ ~Q>U Amho H$m? _bm ImÌrAmho Amåhr g_moa ZgVmo, Va _¡{ÌUrZo Z¸$s Ë`mbmIñgH$Z² Odi AmoTy>Z, nQ>H$Z² ~Q>U bmdyZ AmOr-AmOmo~m§À`m ñdmYrZ Ho$b§ AgV§.

_¡{ÌUrer ~mobV Agbo Var {dMmam§Mr

OyZ 2016 & {ejUdoY & 41 &

gmIir MmbyM hmoVr. AmnU KamVyZ _wbmM§kmZaMZmdmXr nÕVrZo {eH$U§ ~§X H$ê$Z Q>mH$Ê`mMrH$maU§ H$m` AgVrb? AmVm `m KS>boë`m KQ>ZoÀ`m{ZarjUmdê$Z Ag§ {XgV§ H$s- _wbmbm Amdê$ZEH$XmM§ Imbr nmR>dyZ {Xb§ H$s, _¡[ÌUter_moH$ionUmZo ~mobVm `oB©b, gmgy-gmg-è`m§ZmVmQ>H$iV C § H$am`bm ZH$mo Am{U Ë`m§Mm _yS> Om`bmZH$mo. H$er hr ~mB©, _wbmbm Oo H$am`bm oV Zmhr, VogwÕm H$am`bm _XV H$aV Zmhr, _J H$aVo Var H$m`hr? Aer e§H$m Amnë`mda BVam§Zr ¿`m`bm ZH$mo,"_mP§ _rM H$aoZ' Agm hÅ> _yb H$aV Agob d Ë`m_wioXþg-è`m§Mr J¡agmo hmoV Agob Va, "H$m` nU diUbmdb§`?' Agm Cnhmg Amnë`m dmQ>obm `m`bmZH$mo. qH$dm ~mhoa Om`bm Cera hmoVmo`, `mÀ`mñdmdb§~ZmÀ`m ZmQ>H$mZ§- Aer EH$ Zm AZoH$ H$maU§Amnë`mbm nwaoer AgVmV, Amnë`mbm _wbm§M§ñdà`ËZmZ§ {eH$U§ Wm§~dÊ`mgmR>r. nU H$m` hmo,daÀ`m `m KQ>ZoV Vwåhmbm Ë`m ~mimÀ`m ~mOyZo Hw$Ur{dMma Ho$bobm {Xgbm H$m? Aem KmB©VyZ Vmo H$m`{eH$Uma? [T>å_gmaI§ C^m amhÿZ Amnb§ H$m_ _moR>çm§ZmH$ê$ Úm`M§, Ë`m§Zm ghH$m`© H$am`M§- åhUOo _JAmnU ehmU§ ~mi! Am{U AMmZH$ EHo$ {Xder_moR>çm§Zm emoY bmJUma H$s, AmVm mZo Amnb§ AmnUHo$b§ nm{hOo. H$s _J bJoM AmnU Ë`mbm EoH$dUmaAmVm `m`bm hd§ Vwbm ho. Vmo A_H$m-V_H$m ~KH$gm gJi§ AmdaVmo, ñdV…M§ nQ>mnQ>. Am{U bJoMXþgè-`m {Xder `mZo A_Š`m-V_Š`mÀ`m JVrZ§ H$m_H$amd§, Aer Anojm R>odVmo. AWm©V ho Ag§ gJù`mMKamV hmoV§ Ag§hr _bm åhUm`M§ Zmhr, nU Iyn Kam§_YoAmnë`m ZH$iV Amnë`m àmW{_H$VoZwgma AmnUAg§ ZH$iV dmJVmo Am{U Aem Jm|Yiboë`mAdñWoVb§ _yb emioV Job§ H$s- _J Ë`mZokmZaMZmdmXr nÕVrZo {eH$md§, hr Anojm AmnUH$aVmo. OmD$ Xo, nmbH$ åhUyZ Aem MwH$m AmnU

Ho$ë`mV- H$aVmo`, åhUyZ ñdV… AnamYr dmQy>ZKoÊ`mnojm `m daÀ`m CXmhaUmV AmnU Ë`m ~mimbmñd-à`ËZmZo {eH$m`bm H$gm dmd XoD$ eH$bmo AgVmo,Vo nmhÿ `m.

AmOr-AmOmo~m §À`m ~mhoa {ZKÊ`mÀ`mdoimnydu nwaogm doi AJmoXaM ~mimbm H$m` H$nSo>Kmbm`Mo ho {dMmê$Z-R>adyZ, Ë`mbm Vo XoD$Z "VwbmVwP§ Amdam`bm AmdS>V§ Am{U Vy N>mZhr AmdaVmog._J Vy KS>çmimV H$mQ>m A_Š`m OmJon ªV oB©n ªVAmdê$Z R>od, Vmon ªV Vwbm VwP§ Amdam`bm AS>MUAmbr Va _r Vwbm _XV H$aoZ. AmOr-AmOmo~m§ZmAmdS>V Zmhr Cera Pmbobm,' Ag§ gm§JVm oB©b qH$dmAmOr-AmOmo~m§Zm C^m amhÿZ Ìmg hmoVmo, Va Ë`m§Zr~gyZ ¿`md§ Am{U ZmVdmÀ`m ñd-à`ËZmZo {eH$Ê`mM§{ZarjU H$amd§, Iyn AmZ§XXm`r H$m_ AgV§ Vo. qH$dmEH$AmS-{Xdg EH$mZo bdH$a Imbr OmD$Z ~gmdoAm{U Xþg-è`mZo ~mimM§ Amdaë`mda Ë`mbm ImbrÝ`mdo qH$dm AmB©Zo Ë`mMo Amdaë`mda Ë`mbm ImbrgmoS>dmdo. Oa EImXo doir ~mimbm ~mhoa OmÊ`mMrIyn CËgwH$Vm Agob Am{U Vmo BVam§Mr _XV KoD$ZnQ>²H$Z V`mahr Pmbm Agob; nU Vw_M§ AmdaU§ ~mH$sAmho Am{U Vmo KmB© H$aVmo Amho, Aem doir "gm°ar~oQ>m, Amåhm§bm Amdam`bm Cera hmoVmo`. VwbmAmdS>V Zmhr Zm Am_À`m_wio Cera Pmbobm? Ag§MhmoV§ Amåhmbmhr, Vy nQ>H$Z Zmhr Amdab§g Va. AmVmAmdaVmoM h§ Amåhr nQ>nQ , Agmhr >EH$ à`ËZ H$ê$Z

& 42 & {ejUdoY & OyZ 2016

~Km`bm haH$V Zmhr.

EHy$U H$m`, Va AmnU gJio AemM KmB©À`mnmbH$Ëdm_YyZ V`ma Pmbobo AgVmo _J AmnU{dÚmWu Agmo, nmbH$ Agmo qH$dm {ejH$ Agmo. Oa_wbm §Zr kmZaMZmdmXr nÕVrZo {eH$md§ Ag§Amnë`mbm IaM§M dmQ>V Agob, Va AmnU AmnbrnmbH$ËdmMr nÕV ~Xbbr nm{hOo. _wbm§Zm WmoS>r_moH$irH$-_w m {Xbr nm{hOo. Ë`m§À`m ~wÕrda, {dMmaH$aÊ`mÀ`m j_Voda {dídmg R> odbm nm{hOo.Ë`m§À`mVrb nañna ghH$m ©, ~m§[YbH$s, H$m_ VS>rgZoÊ`mMr YS>nS>, Ë`m§À`mH$S>rb àM§S> eŠVr `m~m~tMm AmXa Ho$bm nm{hOo. doi àg§Jr Ë`m§À`mgmo~VË`m§À`m à`ËZmV gh^mJr ìhm`bm nm{hOo. Ag§Ho$ë`mg _wb§ I-è`m AWm©Zo ñdà`ËZ d kmZaMZmdmXrnÕVrZo {eH$Vrb.

`mg§X^m©Vrb EH$ KQ>Zm _bm AmR>dVo. EH$XmEH$m CÝhmù`mÀ`m gwQ>rV N>moQ>çm Jmdm_Yo OmD$Z XmoZ{Xdg amhÊ`mMm àg§J Ambm. JmdmH$So> OmD$Z{ZgJm©er Zmi OmoS>Ê`mMr g§Yr {_imbr- åhUyZAmZ§X Pmbm hmoVm. nU OmVmZm OodT>m AmZ§X PmbmhmoVm Ë`mnojm {H$Vr Var OmñV, AJXr nmoVS>r^a AmZ§X_r gmo~V KoD$Z Ambo hmoVo. åhUOo Pmbo Ago, H$snmhwUr åhUyZ Joë`m_wio H$mhr O~m~Xmar ZìhVr. _rAJXr N>mZ Amogarda ~gyZ AmOy~mOybm H$m` MmbyAmho `mM§ {ZarjU H$aV hmoVo. g_moa Xþgar- {Vgar VogmVdr-AmR>drV AgVrb Aer Xhm-~mam _wbo

IoiV hmoVr. \w$Jodmbm \w$Jo {dHy$Z ZwH$VmM Jobm hmoVm.H$mhr _wbm§Zr \w$Jm KoVbm, Va H$mhtZm KoU§ eŠ` Pmb§Zmhr. Á`m§Zm \w$Jm ZìhVm, Vo Agboë`m§À`m \w$½`m§H$So>~KV hmoVo. \w$Jodmbo _mÌ Xþgè-`m§Zm hmV nU bmdy XoVZìhVo. hiyhiy Ë`m§Zm ñdV…Mm \w$Jm gm§ miÊ`mMmH§$Q>mim Ambm Am{U Ë`m§Zr Vmo Xþgè`mH$So> Úm`bmgwédmV Ho$br. H$mhr doimZo H$mhtMo \w$Jo \w$Q>bo,Ë`mdê$Z H$mhr aS>maS>, Ywg\y$g Pmbr Am{U eodQ>r\w$½`mÀ`m Caboë`m Adeofm§~amo~a Ioi gwê$ Pmbm.`mM jUmnmgyZ _mPm AmZ§X MT>Ë`m H$boZ§ dmT>VJobm.

gwédmVrbm _wbm§Zr \$mQ>Š`m \w$½`mbm VmUyZ,Vm|S>mV AmoTy>Z Jmoù`m ~Zdë`m. AmUIr H$m` H$m`Ho$bo. eodQ>r \w$½`mMm IynM N>moQ>m VwH$S>m {e„H$am{hbm, Voìhm EH$m _wbmZo eoOmar nS>boë`mKmgmd`mÀ`m m§S>çmVyZ EH$ dmQ>r CMbyZ Ë`m dmQ>rdaVmo VmUyZ ~gdbm Am{U XþgarH$So> H$mhr Var {deofMmby Amho Ago dmQ>ë`mZo Vr dmQ>r VerM CÝhmV Q>mHy$Z{VH$So> nimbm. WmoS>çm doimZo nwÝhm dmQ>rMr AmR>dUAmbr, Voìhm dmQ>rdaMm \w$Jm ~mhoaÀ`m ~mOyZo \w$JbmhmoVm. ho H$go KS>bo `mMr J§_V dmQy>Z Ë`mZo BVam§Zm VoXmIdbo. EH$m _moR>çm _wbmZo Ë`mÀ`m hmVmVyZ dmQ>rOdi-Odi {hgH$mdyZM KoVbr Am{U åhUmbm,""_bm _m{hË o ho H$g§ Pmb§ Vo. ga gm§JV hmoVo, hdmCîUVoZo àgaU nmdVo. `m dmQ>rVbr hdm àgaUnmdbr AgUma. hdm ~mhoa Om`bm OmJm Zmhr åhUyZ

_wbm§Zr kmZaMZmdmXr nÕVrZo {eH$md§ Ag§ Amnë`mbm IaM§M dmQ>V Agob, Va AmnU Amnbr

nmbH$ËdmMr nÕV ~Xbbr nm{hOo. _wbm§Zm WmoS>r _moH$irH$-_w m {Xbr nm{hOo. Ë`m§À`m ~wÕrda,

{dMma H$aÊ`mÀ`m j_Voda {dídmg R>odbm nm{hOo. Ë`m§À`mVrb nañna ghH$m ©, ~m§[YbH$s, H$m_

VS>rg ZoÊ`mMr YS>nS>, Ë`m§À`mH$S>rb àM§S> eŠVr `m ~m~tMm AmXa Ho$bm nm{hOo.

OyZ 2016 & {ejUdoY & 43 &

\w$Jm daÀ`m {XeoZo da Ambm AgUma. EH$mZo {dMmabo""nU Vy gm§JVmo VoM ~amo~a H$emdê$Z?'' Ë`mda ""_Jhdm W§S> Pmë`mda \w$Jm naV Imbr Om`bm nm{hOo.''Xþg-è`mZo bJoM nS>Vmù`mMr mfm Ho$br. ""hmo. Am{UdmQ>r AmUIrM W§S> Ho$br, Va \w$½`mbm AmVë`m~mOyZ§ IÈ>m nS>bm nm{hOo, Va VwP§ åhUU§ Ia§ _mZy,''{Vgè-`mZo ^a KmVbr.

AmVm _mÌ _bm OmJm gmoSy>Z Vo OmVrb {VWoË`m§À`m _mJo Omdo bmJUma, Aer _r _ZmMr V`marHo$br. AJmoXa dmQ>r W§S> hmoÊ`mgmR>r nmÊ`mÀ`mam§OUmOdi R>odbr. nU Vr W§S> Pmbr H$m, ho dma§dmanmhVmZm hmVm§À`m CîUVoZo Vr naV Ja_M amhV hmoVr.""Aao, ho H$m` O_V Zmhr. AmnU Ag§ H$ê$ ~\$m©MmJmoiodmbm `oB©b Voìhm Ë`mÀ`m ~\$m©da dmQ>r R>odyZnmhÿ,'' EH$OU ~mobbm. ""Aao, nU Vmo H$g§ Vg§ H$ê$XoB©b?'' Xþg-è`mZo e§H$m CnpñWV Ho$br. ""Ë`mÀ`mAmOy~mOybm Oam Jm|Yi H$ê$ Am{U Ë`mM§ bjZgVmZm R>odyZ KoD$ dmQ>r XmoZ {_{ZQ>§> ~\$m©da.''{Vg-è`mMr e¸$b. ""Zmhr Zmhr Aer ~oB©_mZr H$am`MrAgob Va _r Zmhr oUma, _r OmB©Z Kar!'' Mm¡Ï`mMrY_H$s. ""Aao, Ago EH$-EH$ Kar Joë`mdaAmnë`mbm H$g§ H$iUma, H$s ho {dkmZmÀ`m gam§Zrgm§{JVb§ Vg§M Amho åhUyZ? Wm§~m, AmnU Ag§ H$ê$-g§Ü`mH$mir Vmo Hw$ë\$sdmbm Ë`mÀ`m S>ã`mVb§ W§S>nmUr gmoSy>Z XoVmo qb~mImbr, {VH$So> OmD$Z Ë`m gmoSy>Z{Xboë`m nmÊ`mImbr Yê$ `m hr dmQ>r.'' hm Cnm`

gd©_mÝ` Pmbm. EìhmZm dmQ>rH$So> Xþb©j hmoD$Z{VÀ`mdarb \w$Jm naV gnmQ>rbm Ambm hmoVm. AmVm\$ŠV Vmo A{VW§S> Ho$ë`mda H$m` hmoV§, ho ~Km`M§ ~mH$shmoV§. g§Ü`mH$mir Vo nU {gÕ Pmb§. dmQ>rdaMm \w$JmbjmV oÊ`mBVnV dmQ>rÀ`m AmVë`m ~mOyZo ImobJQ>Pmbm hmoVm. H$mhr Var Vnmgë`mMm AmZ§X gdmªÀ`mMohè-`mda {XgV hmoVm. AmVm emim CKS>br H$s gam§Zmgm§Jm`M§ Am§ ho. ""Aao, gam§Zr Va AmUIr Ag§ nUgm§{JVb§ hmoV§ H$s, Ðd Am{U KZ nXmW© nU àgaUnmdVmV. AmnU Ë`mMm nU à`moJ H$am`Mm H$m XmXmCÚm?'' EH$ N>moQ>m ~mobbm. ""Amnb§ H$m` Zm`, VwåhråhUmb Va Vo nU H$ê$ H$s.'' Pmb§ Xþgè-`m {XderMmßbmZ gwê$ Pmbm. KZ Am{U Ðd àgaU nmdVmV, hoKar {_iUm-è`m gm_mZmVyZ Zo_H§$ H$g§ VnmgVm oB©bVo emoYm`M§ Am{U CÚm oVmZm Vo gm_mZ KoD$Z m`M§.

gJio Kar nmoMbo, Var S>moŠ`mV {dMma _mÌCÚmÀ`m ßbmZMmM Mmby AgUma. Ë`m _wbm§À`mQ>moirVbr XmoZ _wb§ eoOmaÀ`m KamVbr hmoVr, ho amÌrH$ib§. _wb§ MwbrOdi H$mhr Var IwQ>nyQ> H$aV hmoVr,åhUyZ Ë`m§Mr AmOr Ë`m§À`mda AmoaS>ë`mMm AmdmOAmbm. _r AmOtZm åhUmbo, ""AmOr, AmoaSy> ZH$mË`m§Zm. _wb§ H$mhr Var Iyn N>mZ H$m_ H$aVmhoV.''""S>m|~bmM§ Mm§Jb§ H$m_! ~oZ§ Amë`mYaZ§ Mwbrnmernm`mV-nm`mV H$aVoV.'' _r åhUmco, ""Ahmo AmOr,{dkmZmMm Aä`mg H$aVmhoV hr _wb§ gwQ²>Q>çm§_Yo gwÕm.Vo nU Amnbm AmnU. AmOr åhUmë`m, ""hmo H$m?

Ë`m§À`m emioVrb _wb§ AJmoXa ñd-Aä`mg H$aVmV, dJm©V Ë`m§Zm H$m` g_Ob§ ho gm§JVmV Am{U Z

g_Obob§ VodT>§ {ejH$ g_OmdyZ gm§JVmV. AmOy~mOybm KS>Umè-`m Jmoï>t_wio AS>mUr nmbH$m§Zm nU

_wb§ H$m` {eH$V AmhoV ho H$iV§ Am{U _wbt_Ü ohr _wbm§~amo~a H$m_ H$aÊ`mMm d ZoV¥Ëd H$aÊ`mMm

AmË_{dídmg dmT>bm Amho.

& 44 & {ejUdoY & OyZ 2016

_J H$ê$ Xo H$ê$ Xo! _bm H$m` H$iV§ Vo!''

Xmam_mJyZ EoH$VmZm _wbm§Zm H$ib§ H$s Hw$UrVar Amnb§ H$m¡VwH$ H$aV§`. _J Mmoê$Z-bnyZMmbbobr IQ>nQ> CKS>-CKS> gwê$ Pmbr. _wbm§ZrXodKamVbm {Q>ZMm AJa~ÎmrMm S>~m KoVcm, Omo bm§~ZiH$m§S>çmgmaIm hmoVm. Ë`m§Zr Ë`mM§ PmH$Uì`dpñWV CKS>V§- ~gV§ Zm, `mMr ImÌr Ho$br. _JPmH$U H$mTy>Z S>ã`mM§ Vm|S> MwbrVë`m Omimda Yab§,hmV S>ã`mÀ`m Xþgè-`m Q>moH$mOdi Yabm hmoVm. nwaogmdoi Omimda Yaë`mda ~mhoa H$mTy>Z PmH$U \$S>Š`mVYê$Z S>ã`mbm ~gdÊ`mMm à`ËZ Ho$bm. PmH$U H$mhrHo$ë`m ~goMZm. à`moJ `eñdr Pmbm hmoVm. nUnwZ…nwÝhm nS>Vmim. hr emókm§Mr bjUo Ë`m§À`m_YohrhmoVr. nU H$am`Mo H$m`? W§S> hmoD$Z PmH$U ~gVoH$m Vo ~Km`Mo. _J nwÝhm Ja_ H$ê$Z ~gV Zmhr, hrImÌr H$am`Mr. ho H$m_ Iyn doiImD$ hmoVo. _J Ë`m§ZmJmS>rÀ`m MmH$mbm Ymd ~gdUmao bmohmaH$mH$mAmR>dbo Am{U Ë`m§Zr S>ã`mMo Vm|S> nmÊ`mV ~wS>dbo.AmVm PmH$U S>ã`mbm ~gbo. KZ nXmW© àgaUnmdVmo, `mMm nwZ…nwÝhm nS>Vmim Pmë`mda _J _moMm©Ðd nXmWm©H$So> dibm. AmVm Ë`mM S>ã`mV nmUr^ê$Z ~Km`Mo R>abo, H$maU H$_r é§Xr_wio àgaUnmdë`mZo nmÊ`mMr dmT>bobr C§Mr ghO H$iob. nmUr^aë`mda _mÌ Ag§ bjmV Amb§, H$s Vmo S>~mJiVmo`. AmVm amÌ Pmë`mZo PmonUo JaOoMo hmoVo,åhUyZ _wb§ Pmonbr.

Xþgè-`m {Xder gH$mirM A§Kmoi, Ý`mharCaH$ë`mda _wb§ Amnmnb§ gm_mZ KoD$Z hOa. gdmªZrAmnmnbo ßbmZ EH$_oH$m§Zm XmIdbo. AJa~ÎmrÀ`mS>ã`mMm à`moJ KZnXmWm©gmR>r gdm©Zw_Vo `mo½` R>abm.ÐdmgmR>r nU VmoM S>~m `mo½` Agbm, Var Vmo JiVhmoVm; {edm` Vmo AnmaXe©H$. Ë`m_wio nmÊ`mMr nmVirdmT>bobr H$er H$iUma, hm àíZ hmoVm. ""nmVir H$er

~Km`Mr, Vo _r gm§JVmo, Vwåhr \$ŠV Ë`mM§ JiU§ ~§XH$g§ H$am`M§, Vo ~Km.'' Ë`mVbmM EH$ OU ~mobbm.nmUr Ja_ H$am`Mo åhUë`mda _oU, _oU~ÎmrMo Cnm`Hw$MH$m_r AmhoV, ho Ë`m§Zm H$im`bm doi bmJbmZmhr. AmVm EH$M n`m© hmoVm- JiŠ`m nmÊ`mÀ`m^m§S>çmbm PmiyZ XoUm-è`m MmMmH$So> OmD$Z Ë`mbmJi Kmbm`Mr Am{U AJa~ÎmrMm S>~m JiUma ZmhrAgm H$ê$Z _mJm`Mm. Ë`mbm gm§Jm`M§ Am_À`m gam§ZrgwQ>rV Agm Aä`mg H$am`bm gm§{JVbm. ""h§, Ag§ImoQ>§ H$embm?'' Xþgam {MS>Š`m ñdamV åhUmbm.""Aao, gam§Zr Oar gm§{JVb§ Zgb§, Var AmnU ho{dkmZmMoM à`moJ H$aVmo . {dMmam Zmhr Va Am_À`meoOmar Amboë`m Ë`m _mñVarU~mBªZm ehamV _moR>çm_wbm§Zm {eH$dVmV Ë`m!'' Vr _wbo _J ga åhUyZ oVmVAmnë`mbm {eH$dm`bm. hmo, Ë`mM gm§JV hmoË`mAm_À`m AmOrbm.'' .... ""AmnU EH$ H$ê$,MmMmbm gm§Jy hm Aä`mg Amho, Amåhmbm _XV H$amåhUyZ. Am{U Ë`mÀ`m ~Xë`mV Am_À`mH$So> n¡goZmhrV. nU Amåhr Vw_Mm JmoR>m, naS>m gm\$ H$ê$,Vw_À`m eod½`mÀ`m e|Jm H$mTy>Z XoD$ Am{U Q>±H$aAmë`mda Amåhr Am_À`m Z§~adê$Z Vwåhmbm EH$-EH$ H$ier nmUr XoD$, Mmbob?'' ... ""hmo Mmbob.''

WmoS>çmM doimV gJir Q>moir MmMmÀ`mXmamg_moa! MmMm§Zr _mJUr _mÝ` Ho$br Am{U H$m_mbmbmJbo. bJoM à`moJmV gm_rb Agbr-ZgbobrdmZagoZmhr MmMm§À`m H$m_mda VwQy>Z nS>br. MmMm§M§Am{U dmZagoZoM§ H$m_ EH$mM§ doir g§nb§. MmMm§ZrnmUr JiV Zmhr `mMr ImÌr H$ê$Z {Xbr. AmVmHw$UmÀ`m KaMr Myb AOyZ Mmby Amho, ho ~Km`M§hmoV§. gJù`m§Zr Amnmnë`m Kar OmD$Z ~{KVb§.eoOmaÀ`m AmOtMr Myb Mmby hmoVr. ""AmOr, EH$J§O ^ê$Z CH$iV§ nmUr nm{hOo Amåhmbm,'' Ag§åhUVmM AmOrZo Am{d^m©d ~Xbbm. Vr H$mhr~m obÊ`mAJm oXaM ZmVy åhUmbm, ""Vwbm

OyZ 2016 & {ejUdoY & 45 &

_mñVarU~mBªZr gm§{JVbm Zm, Vem Aä`mgmgmR>rnmÒo.'' AmOrMm {damoY _mdibm. ""AmU Om, nmUrH$emV nmÒo Vo ^ê$Z.'' AmV_Ü o _wbm§M§ AmOrerbm§JwZMmbZ Mmby hmoV§ Vmon ªV, nmÊ`mMr nmVir IaoMdmT>ob H$m, dmT>br H$s Zmhr ho H$go _moOm`Mo `mdaMMm© Mmby hmoVr. ""Wm§~m, ao _r H$aVmo gJi§ doioda~amo~a.'' ... ""nU AJmoXa gm§{JVb§g Va H$mhr{~KSo>b H$m?'' AYraVm dmT>V hmoVr.

eodQ>r AJa~ÎmrÀ`m S>ã`mV dê$Z VrZoH$ ~moQ>§Imbn`ªV W§S> nmUr âb§. AmV_Üò nmÊ`mÀ`mnmVirbm Q> oHo$b BWn`ªV ghm B§Mr nÅ>r AmVgaH$mdbr, Vr bm§~r _moOyZ KoVbr. J§Oâ CH$iË`mnmÊ`mV AJa~ÎmrMm S>~m _Yo C^m Ho$bm. J§OmVë`mnmÊ`mgma»`mM hbŠ`mem dm\$m Ë`mVyZ òD$bmJë`mda nwÝhm ghm B§Mr nÅ>r AmV gaH$mdbr,nmÊ`mÀ`m nmVirbm Q>oHo$b BWn ªVMr bm§~r _moOyZKoVbr. AJmoXanojm VrZ {_{c_rQ>aZo Vr H$_r âbr.åhUOo VodT>çm OmJoV nmUr da Amb§ hmoV§, àgaUnmdb§ hmoV§. _wbm§Zr hmVmVë`m dñVy Imbr R>odyZ WoÀN>ZmMyZ KoVb§. eoOmaMo AmOmo~m ~mhoa Ambo Am{UåhUmbo, ""nmg-Zmnmg H$ib§ OUy! gmao nmg Pmbogm{XgVm`!'' _wb§ ZmMVM hmoVr. Z amhdyZ _rM åhUmbo,""AmOmo~m, `m _wbm§Zm nmg-ZmnmgMr JaOM Zmhr.`m _wbm§Zr nwñVH$mV Ë`m§À`mgmR>r H$moUVr CXmhaU§hdrV `mMm YS>m nwñVH$ {b{hUmè`m§Zm {Xbm`. Iynhþema, _ohZVr, H$ï>mMr V`mar Agbobr, ñdV…AZw dmVyZ {eH$Umar _wb§ AmhoV hr. `m§M§ H$m¡VwH$Ho$b§ nm{hOo, Ë`m§Zm em~mgH$s {Xbr nm{hOo. _hÎdmM§åhUOo, Ë`m§Zm Or _w m Am{U _XV hdr hmoVr, Vr `mAmOtZr Am{U MmMm§Zr Ho$br, Ver gdmªZr Ë`m§Zm_XV H$am`bm hdr. Ë`m§Zr bmdbobo emoY, KoVbobonS>Vmio g_OyZ KoD$Z Ë`m§Zm Aer H$m_o H$am`bmnmqR>~m {Xbm nm{hOo. _J ~Km- "Vw_À`m JmdmVg§ñH¥$Vr Am{U {dkmZ H$g§ JwÊ`mJmoqdXmZo Zm§Xob.'

AmOmo~m åhUmco, ""Ag§ Ag§ hmo ! AmVm AmåhmbmH$m` H$iV§ ho. nU Vwåhr åhUVm` AmZ² Ë`m§Mo ga~råhUV AmñVrZ V§ èhmdy H$s Amåhr ~r Ë`mÀ`m nmR>rhþ~m!''

_wb§ Iyn AmZ§XmV hmoVr. Ë`m§Zr Ho$boë`mH$m_mda, "H$m` CÀN>mX _m§S>bm`?' Agm AmoaS>m Z{_iVm Hw$Ur Var Ë`m§Zm g_OyZ KoVb§ `mMm AmZ§XË`m§Zm Pmbm Am{U Vr _mÂ`m^modVr {Md{Md H$ê$bmJbr, H$mhr àíZ {dMmê$ bmJbr. AmVm wHo$Mrdoi Pmë`mZo Kar OmÊ`mÀ`m V`marV hmoVr. OmVm-OmVm åhUmbr, ""emim gwê$ Pmbr H$s gm§JUmaAmåhr ho gam§Zm. Am{U Vwåhr Ambm hmoVmV, ho nUgm§JUma!'' _r åhUmco, ""Aao, emim gwê$ Pmë`mdaH$m? AmOM gm§Jy AmnU ho gam§Zm. _r nU òB©ZVw_À`m~amo~a.'' EH$ _wcJm åhUmcm, ""ga JmdmH$S§>JoboV ~mB©, nU m`MoV AmO MmaÀ`m JmS>rZ§. ""R>rH$Amho, AmnU g§Ü`mH$mir OmD$ oQ>m`bm. ghm dmOVmOmD$ `m? hmo,@@ EH$gwamV gmao ~mobbo. ""`m _JBWoM. _r V`ma AgoZ.''

R>aë`mà_mUo _wbo ghm dmOÊ`mAJmoXa_mÂ`mH$So> Ambr. Amåhr gam§À`m Kar Jobmo. gam§Zm_r nU _wbm§~amo~a oUma, ho JmS>rVyZ CVaë`m~amo~aMH$ib§ hmoV§. nmUr dJ¡ao KoVë`mda _r åhUmbo,""AmOM AmbmV JmdmhÿZ, nU _bm CÚm Om`M§ AmhoåhUyZ KmB© hmoVr. H$mbnmgyZ _wbm§Mr YS>nS> ~KVo .Iyn YS>nS>r AmhoV hr _wb§. Amnb§ AmnU {eH$UmarAmhoV. WmoS§>g§ Ë`m§À`m~amo~a amhÿZ H$m_ Ho$b§ Am{UË`m§Zm CËVoOZ {Xb§ Zm, Va Zmd H$mT>Vrb Vo emioM§,JmdmM§ Am{U Vw_M§gwÕm.'' nU gam§Zr emioMr pñWVrWmoS>Š`mV H$WZ Ho$br. _r ~mobbo, ""_bm ho AJXr_mÝ` Amho. nU AmVm ~Km Zm- _wbm§Zr H$moUË`mhrnmqR>ã`m{edm`, OwO~r gmYZm§À`m AmYmao CîUVoZohmoUm-è`m Ðì`mÀ`m àgaUmMm nS>Vmim KoVbmM Zm?

& 46 & {ejUdoY & OyZ 2016

Am{U `mgmR>r doJdoJù`m B`Îmm§_Yrb _wbm§Zr H$m_Ho$b§. H$mhtZr Va dJm©V XmoZ dfmªZr Oo {eH$m`M§, VoAmOM {eHy$Z KoVb§ Amho. Vwåhmbm AmdS>Uma AgobVa _r H$mhr gwMdy eHo$Z-'' Ag§ ~mobyZ _r Wm§~bo._r Wm§~bo Vgo {ejH$ åhUmbo, ""Ia§ Va _rM VwåhmbmVer {dZ§Vr H$aUma hmoVmo. _bm Ag§ H$mhr H$am`M§åhQ>b§, Va nmbH$m§Mr _XV hdr AgUma. Am{U Vr{_idyZ XoÊ`mgmR>r Vwåhr _XV Ho$brV, Va ~ao hmoB©b.''{ejH$ d`mZo, AZw dmZo bhmZ hmoVo; nU {eH$Ê`mMrV`mar hmoVr. Amåhmbm nwT>o H$mhr ~mobon ªV _wbm§ZmIoim`bm nmR>dbo. _wb§ g_moa _moH$ù`m OmJoV IoiybmJbr.

{ejH$m§er ~mobVmZm Ago R>abo H$s- B`Îmmghmdr Vo AmR>drÀ`m _wbm§Zr `m dfu df© a Oo à`moJnmR>çnwñVH$mV {eH$bo, nU Ë`m§Zm emioV gm_mZ ZmhråhUyZ H$ê$Z nmhVm Ambo ZmhrV; Vo à`moJ Ë`m§ZrCnbãY gmYZgm_J«rÀ`m AmYmao AmOÀ`mgmaIoH$ê$Z ~Km`Mo, ho H$aVmZm AmOÀ`mà_mUoM ImbÀ`mB`ÎmoÀ`m _wbm§Zm _XVrbm ¿`m`Mo; OoUoH$ê$Z Ë`m§ZmnwT>À`m dfu {eH$md`mMo à`moJ AmVmM _m{hVrhmoVrb, emioVrb Ë`m§Mr éMr dmT>ob. H$mhr AS>MUAmbr Va Vwåhmbm ^oQy>Z {dMmam`Mo, H$m` gmYZodmnaVm `oVrb ho. gdmªZr EH$Ì ~gyZ R>adbo VarMmbob. `mVyZ Ë`m§Zm ñd-AmXamMr d O~m~XmarMrOmUrd hmoB©b. àíZ Amho nmbH$m§À`m _XVrMm. Va`mgmR>r AmnU AmO AmR>-gmSo>AmR>À`m Xaå`mZOodU§ Pmë`mda nmbH$m§er ~moby. _wbm§Zm ~mobmdyZ{dMmabo, ""H$m` ao _wbm§Zmo, AmdSo>b H$m VwåhmbmAmO ñdV…M§ ñdV… {eH$bmV Vg§ gwQ >r_Yo{eH$m`bm?'' hmo @@ EH$gwamV AmdmO EoHy$ Ambm.""AmVm ga nU AgVrb Vw_À`m gmo~V. Am{U hmo,_wbtZm nU ¿`m`M§ ~a§ gmo~V?'' EH$ OU ~mobbm""hmo@@ Am{U Ë`m Va AmUIrM OmñV hþema AmhoV

Am_À`mnojm. Am{U KamVyZ H$mhr dñVy nU Ë`m§ZmbdH$a XoVrb. Amåhr ñd §nmH$KamV Jobmo H$s AmoaSy>Z~mhoa H$mT>VmV Amåhmbm!'' Xþgè-`mMr e§H$m-Am_À`m KamVë`m bmoH$m§Zm H$moU gm§JUma, AmåhrAä`mgmM§ H$aVmo` åhUyZ? Ë`m§Zm dmQ>V§ AmåhrQ>dmù`mM H$aVmo CÝhmVmÝhmM§!'' gam§Zr _wbm§Zmgm§{JVb§, ""Ë`mgmR>rM Va AmO OodU§ Pmbr H$sVwåhr AmB©-~m~m§Zm _mÂ`m Kar ~mobmdb§ åhUyZgm§Jm`M§. Ë`m§Zm gm§Jm`M§- gam§À`m ~mB© Amë`mVAm{U Ë`m§Zr ~mobmdb§ , _hÎdmM§ gm§JUma AmhoV.''

OodUmZ§Va ~hþg§»` nmbH$ Ambo hmoVo.Ë`m§Zmhr _wbm§À`m gwQ>rM§ Ag§ {Z`moOZ AmdS>b§.AmnU H$m` _XV H$am`Mr, ho nU H$ib§. _wbtZmnU H$m OmD$ Úm`M§, ho nU nQ>b§. _wb§-_wbr, {ejH$Am{U H$mhr nmbH$hr Xþg-è`m {Xder _bm ñQ>±S>dagmoS>dm`bm Ambo. AmVm Ë`m§À`m emioVrb _wb§AJmoXa ñd-Aä`mg H$aVmV, dJm©V Ë`m§Zm H$m`g_Ob§ ho gm§JVmV Am{U Z g_Obob§ VodT>§ {ejH$g_OmdyZ gm§JVmV. AmOy~mOybm KS>Umè-`m Jmoï>t_wioAS>mUr nmbH$m§Zm nU _wb§ H$m` {eH$V AmhoV hoH$iV§ Am{U _wbt_Ü ohr _wbm§~amo~a H$m_ H$aÊ`mMmd ZoV¥Ëd H$aÊ`mMm AmË_{dídmg dmT>bm Amho. VaAg§ éOV§ amonQ>§ aMZmdmXmM§- _wb§, {ejH$ Am{UnmbH$ m§À`m ghH$m`m©VyZ. ho Oa {_imb§ Va {H$Vrhrà{VHy$b n[apñWVrV Vo {Q >H$V §- qnnimÀ`mamonQ>çmgmaI§; \$ŠV Ë`mbm CnQy>Z \o$H$m`M§ Zmhr, amhÿÚm`M§, Ë`mM§ Ë`mM§ dmTy> Úm`M§.

S>m°. gwaoIm ^m½`d§V

9096440534

OyZ 2016 & {ejUdoY & 47 &

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chmZ _wcm§À`m nmcH$m§gmR>r

^m½`lr Mm¡WmB©○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○

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{eHy$ AmZ§Xo, _wŠVnUo

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_o _{hÝ`mMr XrK© gwÅ>r g§nyZ AmVm OyZ_Ü o emim gwê$ hmoVrc. ~mcemioV Zì`mZo éOyPmcoë`m _wcm§À`m nmcH$m§Zm àíZ nS>Vmo, H$s Amnco ho {M_waS>o VrZ Vmg emioV H$aUma VarH$m`?

hoM {Z{_Îm gmYyZ N>mZn¡H$s Jßnm _maUma AmhmoV AmnU, `m coImÛmao...

"~mcemim' gÜ`mÀ`m O_mÝ`mVrc nd©UrMm eãX "àmW{_H$ nyd© emim' hm _wcm§À`me¡j{UH$ Q>ßnm§_Yrc n{hcm-d{hcm d AJXr _hÎdmMm Q>ßnm...

nwT>rc g§nyU© e¡j{UH$ àJVrMo B_co `m nm`mdaM C^o amhVmV, Ago åhQ>co Va VrA{Vemo moŠVr hmoUma Zmhr, ho AJXr Iao !

"_yc' Ë`mMo ñdV:Mo gwa{jV, C~Xma Ka, ào_i _mUg§, AmOr-AmOmo~m, AmB©-~m~m`m§À`mnmgyZ àW_M VrZ Vmg Xÿa amhUma AgVo. Aem ZdrZ dmVmdaUmer OwidyZ KoVmZm_wcmcm WmoS>mgm doi Úmdm cmJVmo; ho _mÌ Z¸$s! _J AJXr AmngyH$, ghOVoZo a_Vo..

& 48 & {ejUdoY & OyZ 2016

~mcemioV. {VWo Ë`mcm Ë`mÀ`m d`mMo gd§JS>roQ>VmV...AmB©À`m _m oZo, AmnwcH$sZo OnUmar VmB©oQ>Vo. Zd-ZdrZ Ioi Ioim`cm IoiUr {_iVmV.

JmUr-Jmoï>r Va H$Yr Z¥Ë`, ZmQ>H$, ^mVwH$cr,hñVH$cm, {MÌH$cm, a§JH$m_, OrdZ ì`dhma,~mJH$m_, H$m`m©Zw^d ImD$ d _¡XmZmdarc Ë`mMrAmdS>Vr KgaJw§S>r, Pmonmim, dmiyMm hm¡X Va H$Yr_mVrH$m_... ~mcemioV _yc {d{dY gmYZm§da IoiVAgVo, Vo ñdV:hÿZ doJdoJio à`moJ H$aVo, ZdZdrZJmoï>r {eH$Vo, AZw dVo d `mVyZM Ë`mMo {ejU hmoVAgVo, AJXr ghOVoZo AmnmoAmn {dZmgm`mg...

AmVm hoM ~Km Zm! emioVrc {d{dY AmH$mam§MoR>moH$io Ë`mMr _yc H$Yr AmJJmS>r H$aVo Va Ë`m§MmhmoVmo H$Yr C§Mr _Zmoam Va H$Yr Ka... ñdV: AZw dKoD$Z _yc {eH$Vo AgVo.

gÜ`mÀ`m H$m°åß wQ>aÀ`m wJmV ~è`mM nmcH$m§ZmdmQ>Vo, H$s Amnë`m _wcmZo H$m°åß wQ>a {eH$mdm. _J

N>moQ>çm§gmR>rgwÕm ^a{dco OmVmV. H$m°åß`wQ>aMoŠcmgog, AJXr emioVgwÕm nU nmcH$m§Zmo, Ü`mZmV¿`m, H$moUrVar V`ma Ho$cocm H$m`©H«$_ ñdV:Mr{H«$`mercVm Z dmnaVm \$º$ Mmc{dUo. AmVmH$m°åß wQ>aÀ`m mfoV gm§Jm`Mo Va "aZ' H$aUo. ho H$mhr{ejU Zìho. Vwåhr Vw_À`m chmZ½`mgmR>r {ZdS> H$amhñVì`dgm`, _mVrH$m_ `m§Mr...

Á`m_Ü o _wcmÀ`m hmVmcm d S>moŠ`mcm Xmohm|ZmhrH$m_ Agoc d Ë`m_YyZ KS>oc Zd-{Z{_©Vr d Ë`mMmAmZ§X... hrM Zd-{Z{_©Vr d AmZ§X _XV H$aVo._wcmÀ`m {ejUmcm d EH§$Xa gdmªJrU dmT>rgmR>r...

a§J, nmUr, dmiy, _mVr Aer _mÜ`_o hmVmiy Xo_wcmcm _wº$nUo... _Zgmoº$; ñdV:À`m AZw dmVyZMwH$V-_mH$V KoVcoc§ {ejU hoM Iao H$m`_ñdê$nr{Q>H$Umao {ejU AgVo, Zmhr H$m?

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H$m{cXmg _amR>H$m{cXmg _amR>H$m{cXmg _amR>H$m{cXmg _amR>H$m{cXmg _amR> o\$m|S>m, Jmodm

S>m°. gwaoe gmd§V- "_ waoe', emhÿZJa, Zm§XoS>-431602, «_UÜdZr -9422170689

_¡Ìo àH$meZ - CËH$f© nmQ>rc, ñdßZ{eën,ßcm°Q> Z§.7, g. Z§. 350, Am{XamO H$m°cZr, ~Xm_r{d{harg_moa, gmVmam 415 002

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J«m__§Jc-{ejUdoY gd© àH$maÀ`m gd©ñVamVrc {ejUmVrc n[adV©ZmMm à`ËZ H$aVo hoñVwË` Amho. {dMma àH$Q>rH$aUmgmR>r {ejUmgmaIm_m¡ë`dmZ d _hÎdmMm {df` {ZdS>ë`m~Ôc eVe:YÝ`dmX ! Am{U Amnë`m CËH¥$ï> H$m`m©H$[aVmewôÀN>m!

H$imdo, hr {dZ§Vr!

Amncr {dídmgygwZrVm ghó~wÕgwZrVm ghó~wÕgwZrVm ghó~wÕgwZrVm ghó~wÕgwZrVm ghó~wÕo

ZmJnya

OyZ 2016 & {ejUdoY & 61 &

ZwH$VmM ~§Jbmoa åhUOoM AmVmÀ`m ~|Jiwê$bm ì`dgm`mÀ`m {Z{_ÎmmZo OmD$Z

Ambmo. åhUOo ~è`mMXm Omd§ bmJV§M, H$maU ~|Jiwê$ åhUOo Am`. Q>r.

CÚmoJmMr _¸$m. BWo Am`Q>r H§$nÝ`m§M§ àM§S> Omi§ Amho. Ë`m_wio gVV o-Om

AgVoM. _mÂ`m `m Zì`m åhUOo 2009 nmgyZÀ`m CÚmoJm_wio _r AmVm

~§Jbmoabm Zì`m H$maUmZo `o-Om H$aV AgVmo. _mPm nma§n[aH$ CÚmoJ

§Ìgm_J«rMm; Voìhmhr _r `m`MmoM, nU AmVm H$maU§ Oam doJirM AmhoV.

ho gJi§ Img Z_yX H$aÊ`mM§ {deof H$maU åhUOo, `m Joë`m 10 EH$ dfmªV `m

ehamV KS>Umao ~Xb _r nmhV hmoVmo. H$maU BWo \$aH$ nS>bm` Vmo Am`Q>r

○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○

B-c{ZªJ

gm¡{_Ì KmoQ>rH$a○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○

○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○

AmCQ> gmo{gªJ-N>moQ>çm eham§Zm g§Yr!

{}

Am`Q>r åhUOoM (AOyZ Var)

& 62 & {ejUdoY & OyZ 2016

CÚmoJm_wioM, `m~Ôb Xþ_V Zgmd§. _r ~§Jbmoabm

Jobmo H$s, ~gñWmZH$mOdi majestic øm ^mJmVM

amhVmo. ~è`mn¡H$s "_mH}$Q'> {d^mJ Amho hm. BWohr

gÜ`m ~aoM naXoer ZmJ[aH$ ~Km`bm {_iVmhoV. Vg§

~§Jbmoa gVV n ©Q>H$m§M§ AmH$f©U am{hbob§ AmhoM.

nU hr _§S>ir Ver n`©Q>H$ dmQ>V ZìhVr. _mP§

Hw$Vyhb dmT>ë`mZo _r WmoS>r Mm¡H$er H$am`bm gwédmV

Ho$br.

~hþVoH$ OU Am`Q>rg§X^m©V H$m_o H$arV AmhoV

H$mhr _§S>ir Am`Q>r H§$nÝ`m§V M¸$ ZmoH$è`m H$aVmhoV.

nJmamV ~amM "amB©O' {_imë`m_wio AgVrb

H$Xm{MV. nU _bm XmoZ _wbr oQ>ë`m. gmYmaUV:

30-32 d`moJQ>mVë`m AgVrb. A_o[aH$Z. Ë`m§Zr

M¸$ BWo ñQ>mQ>©-An Mmby Ho$br o åhUo. Am{U Ë`m§À`m

_m{hVrZwgma Ago ~aoM naXoer AmhoV, Oo ~§Jbmoa_Ü o

`oD$Z Ago CnH«$_ am~dV AmhoV. H$maU AWm©V

^maVmV VwbZoZo AË §V ñdñVmV {_iUmao _Zwî`~i,

hoM à_wI AmH$f©U AgUma. Vg§ ~{KVb§ Va maVmV

MmbUma§ gJi§ Am`Q>r joÌmVb§ H$m_ ho `mM

H$maUmZo MmbV§. AmCQ-gmo{gªJ Ag§ åhUVmV `m

àH$mambm.

AmCQ> gmo{gªJ- H$moU godm XoV§-KoV§

\$º$ _moR>_moR>çm H§$nÝ`mM AmCQ> gmo{gªJ H$aVmV Ag§

H$mhr Zmhr ~a§ H$m! AJXr N>moQ>r N>moQ>r H$m_§gwÕm

(EH$-XmoZ-nmM-Xhm S>m°baMr) AmCQ> gmo{gªJ

_mÜ`_mVyZ H$ê$Z KoVm oVmV. AWm©V, H$ê$Z XoVmhr

`oVmV. B§Q>aZoQ> OJVmV Aemhr H$mhr H§$nÝ`m

AgVmV, Á`m H$mhr \«$r-bmÝgg© Ë`m§À`m nXar

~miJVmV d EOÝgr ñdê$nmV H$m_o KoD$Z nyU© H$ê$Z

XoVmV.

Aem H$m_m§Mr mXr, \«$s-bmÝgg©, åhUOoM H$m_m§Mr

`mXr XoUmar g§Ho$VñWio AmhoV, {OWo AmnU Amnbo

H$m_ Zm|Xdy eH$Vmo. VgoM AmnU Oa H$m godm XoUmao

Agy, Va Amnë`m godm Zm|Xdyhr eH$Vmo. gmYmaUV:

`mV Imbrb nj Jw§Vbobo AgVmV :

1. godm _mJUmao

2. godm XoUmao

3. ho g§Ho$V ñWi manage H$aUmao

ì`dhma H$gm MmbVmo?

godm _mJUmao Ë`m§Zm "H$m` H$m_ H$ê$Z hdo Amho' ho

Vnerbdma Q>mH$VmV. CXm.- EH$ nm°da point

àoPoÝQ>oeZ H$ê$Z hd§ qH$dm EŠgob- _Ü o So>Q>m ê$Z

hdm Amho, do~ gmB©Q>_Ü o ~Xb H$ê$Z hdm` dJ¡ao

dJ¡ao. gXa H$m_o H«$_dma `m g§Ho$VñWim§da Ë`m§À`m-

Ë`m§À`m dJ©dmar (category) à_mUo Zm|Xbr OmVmV.

Vr H$m_o nmhÿZ godm XoUmao Ë`m H$m_m§Mm Aä`mg H$ê$Z

Ë`m§Mo Xa Q>mH$VmV. Ë`mVyZ gdm}ËH¥$ï> (godm

_mJUmè`mbm dmQ>Umao) Agm godm XoUmam {ZdS>bm

OyZ 2016 & {ejUdoY & 63 &

OmVmo. H$m_ g§nbo H$r, Ë`mMo n¡gohr {Xbo OmVmV.

Aem àH$mao ì`dhma nyU© hmoVmV.

ho g§Ho$VñWi 'manage' H$aUmè`m§Zm H$m`

{_iVo?

`m ì`dhmamVyZ godm KoUmè`m-XoUmè`mH$Sy>Z 10%

n¡go H$mhr gmB©Q> KoVmV. nU Ë`m ~Xë`mV gwa{jV

ì`dhmamMr ImÌr XoVmV. Ë`m§À`mH$So ">[aìøy' nÕV

AgVo, Ë`m_wio XmoÝhr nj b~mS>r H$aV ZmhrV, H$ê$

eH$VM ZmhrV; H$maU XmoÝhr nj EH$_oH$mMr {ZdS>

eodQ>r "[aìøyO'dê$ZM H$arV AgVmV. Ë`m_wio [aìøy

Mm§Jbo {_iÊ`mgmR>r gJio YS>nS>V AgVmV. AWm©V

`mVhr H$mhr H$bmH$ma AgVmVM. Mmbm`M§M.

CS>Xm_mOr.....

XmoZ àH$maMr H$m_o

gmYmaUV: XmoZ àH$maMr H$m_o {Xbr OmVmV.

1. àH$ën nÕVrMr :1. àH$ën nÕVrMr :1. àH$ën nÕVrMr :1. àH$ën nÕVrMr :1. àH$ën nÕVrMr : nyU© H$m_ d Ë`mMo n¡go R>adbo

OmVmV. AmJmD$ H$mhr a¸$_, VgoM àH$ën g§në`mda

Cd©[aV AWdm XmoÝhr nj _mÝ` H$aVrb Aem AQ>tda.

2. Vmgmda :2. Vmgmda :2. Vmgmda :2. Vmgmda :2. Vmgmda : H$mhr H$m_m§V H$m_ H$aV amhm`Mo

AgVo, R>mD$H$ ZgVo H$s H$mbmdYr {H$Vr bmJob.

Aem doir, VmgmÀ`m ~mobtda H$m_o {Xbr-ñdrH$mabr

OmVmV.

{d{dY godm XoUmao {d{dY Xa Q>mH$VmV. AJXr EH$

S>m°ba BVH$m Aën Xahr XoVmV d H$m_o KoVmV. AWm©V,

H$m_o XoVmZm {dMma H$ê$ZM {Xbr OmVmV, Vmo {df`

doJim.

Aer godm {_iUmè`m H$mhr gmBQ²g (g§Ho$VñWio)

1. AndH©$ (upwork.com)

2. Jwé (.com)

3. \«$s bmÝga (freelancer.com)

4. BbmÝg (Elance.com)

`m H$mhr gmBQ²g AmhoV. {edm` AmUIrhr emoYm`bm

"JyJb' AmhoM H$s ! ~hþVoH$ `m gmBQ²g dmnam`bm

_mo\$VM AgVmV. J§_V åhUyZ EImXm Om°~ Q>mHy$Z

~Km. H$mhr Vmgm§VM à{V{H«$`m `m`bm bmJVmV.

`mVbr Nw>nr g§Yr

`mV godm XoUmao IynM bmoH$ {\${bnmBÝg, ~m§JbmXoe

VgoM ^maV øm XoemVrb AmhoV. N>moQ>çm-N>moQ>çm

JmdmVrb bmoH$m§Zmhr Aer H$m_o H$ê$Z XoVm oVrb.

H$maU AJXr H$moUË`mhr àH$maMr H$m_o H$ê$Z KoVbr

OmVmV. Vw_À`mH$So> EH$ g§JUH$ VgoM EH$ B§Q>aZoQ>

H$ZoŠeZ Agbo H$s Pmbo. Vw_À`m doioZwgma,

_OuZwgma H$m_ H$aVm oD$ eH$V§; H$ê$Z KoVmhr oD$

eH$V§. Ë`mH$[aVm ~|Jiwê$bm Om`Mr Amdí`H$Vm

Zmhr. H$moRy>Zhr- _J Vo na^UrOdiM§ nmWar Agmo,

H$s gm§Jbr {OëømVb§ H$dR>o _hm§H$mi Agmo.

_J, KoVm` Zm hr g§Yr?

gm¡{_Ì KmoQ>rH$a 9850997110

& 64 & {ejUdoY & OyZ 2016

_wb§ hÅ> H$m H$aVmV..??

Ia§ Va AmnU gJioM OU H$em Zm H$emMm hÅ> H$aV AgVmo; na§Vw _wbmMm hÅ> hmAmnë`m AmdS>rMm, MM}Mm Am{U {Oìhmù`mMm {df`.

åhUOo "Am_Mm AZ` Zm, JmU§ EoH$ë`m{edm` PmonVM Zmhr. EImÚm {Xder JmU§ Zmhrbmdb§, Va aSy>Z-aSy>Z Jm|Yi KmbVmo Am{U JmÊ`mMm hÅ> MmbyM AgVmo.' Ag§ AmB©H$m¡VwH$mZo gm§JV AgVo.

EH$ AmOr {VÀ`m _¡{ÌUrbm gm§JV hmoVr, ""Am_À`m VZ`bm H$m°åß wQ>a hdm åhUOo hdmMAgVmo. AmVm Ë`m {Xder bmB©Q> Jobo hmoVo, Va ZwgVm aSy>Z Jm|Yi KmVbmZ² `mZo. AmVmbmB©Q> Zmhr Va Hw$Ry>Z bmdyZ XoUma H$m°åß wQ>a ømbm? ZwgVm hÅ>r Pmbm`. AmB©-~m~m§Mo bmS>Am{U H$m`!''

EH$Xm Va añË`mVM EH$ _yb Imbr ~gb§ Am{U XwH$mZmH$So> ~moQ> XmIdyZ "_bm Vmo ~m°b

○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○

g_wnXoeH$mÀ`m ZOaoVyZ

J§nyXmXm / {H$emoarVmB©○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○

○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○

hÅ>.....

{}

OyZ 2016 & {ejUdoY & 65 &

m Ë`m jUr Vr Jmoï> hdr AgVo. Ë`m jUmnwaV§ _wb§impulsive hmoV§.

m _bm {_imbrM Zmhr Va, hr rVr dmQ>V AgVo.

m ^mdmbm qH$dm ~{hUrbm EImXr Jmoï> {XbrAgë`mg _wbmbmhr Vr hdr AgVo.

m _wÔm_yZ H$aVo.

_wbmbm bj doYyZ ¿`m`Mo AgVo :

~è`mMXm AmB©-~m~m ZmoH$ar H$aV Agë`mg _wbmbmdoi XoD$ eH$V ZmhrV. AmB©-~m~m Amnë`m doioEodOr_wbmbm dñVy XoD$ bmJVmV. doi XoD$ eH$V Zmhr hoEH$ eë` Agë`m_wio, _J _yb Oo _mJV§ Vo VarAmnU Ë`mbm XoD$, Agm {dMma AmB©-~m~m H$ê$bmJVmV. _ybhr AmB©-~m~m§Mo bj doYyZ KoÊ`mgmR>rhÅ> H$aV amhV§.

hdm`' åhUyZ Ë`mZ§ ^moH$mS> ngab§. AmB© Ë`mbmCR>{dÊ`mMm à`ËZ H$aV hmoVr Am{U Vo _yb OmñVMOmoamV aS>V hmoV§, hmV-nm` AmnQ>V hmoV§ Am{U AmB©bm_mÌ ho gJi§ añË`mV Mmbb§ Agë`m_wio H$mZH$m|S>§Pmë`mgmaI§ hmoV hmoV§. Ë`m jUr AmB©À`m _ZmV g§dmXMmby AgVrb H$Xm{MV... H$m` hÅ>r H$mQ>©! añË`mVM~gbm`, gJù`m bmoH$m§g_moa V_mem Pmbm`...

Á`mdê$Z _wb§ hQ>VM ZmhrV, Vmo åhUOo hÅ>.

gmYmaUV: _wb§ Ooìhm dñVyMm hÅ> H$aVmV, Voìhm hÅ>H$aÊ`m_mJo H$mhr H$maUo Agy eH$VmV. Vr åhUOo :

m _wbmbm BVam§Mo bj Amnë`mH$So> doYyZ ¿`m`MoAgVo.

m {_ÌmH$So> qH$dm _¡{ÌUrH$So> AgVo åhUyZ Ë`mcmhdo AgVo.

& 66 & {ejUdoY & OyZ 2016

{_ÌmH$So> qH$dm _¡{ÌUrH$So> AgVo åhUyZ _bmhdo AgVo : EImXr Jmoï> _mÂ`m {_ÌmH$So> Amho qH$dm_¡{ÌUrH$So> Amho Am{U åhUyZ _bmhr Vr dñVy_mÂ`mH$So> hdr Amho, Ago dmQy> bmJVo. åhUyZ _J_yb hÅ> H$am`bm gwédmV H$aVo.

Ë`m jUr Vr Jmoï> hdr AgVo. Ë`m jUmnwaV§ _wb§impulsive hmoV§ : EImÚm jUr hr Jmoï> Amnë`mH$So>hdrM Amho, Ag§ dmQ>V amhV§; åhUyZ Ë`m jUr hÅ>Ho$bm OmVmo. hm hÅ> ~è`mMXm ~mhoa Joë`mda, XwH$mZmVJoë`mda, _m°b_Ü o Joë`mda _wb§ H$aVmV.

_bm {_imbrM Zmhr Va, hr ^rVr dmQ>V AgVo: Or Jmoï> _bm hdr Amho, Vr _bm AmO {_imbrZmhr Va H$YrM {_iUma Zmhr- Aer ^rVr dmQ>VamhVo, åhUyZ _yb hÅ> H$aV§ qH$dm naV AmB©-~m~m_bm KoD$Z X oUma ZmhrV Aer insecurity

(Agwa{jVVm) Ë`mcm dmQ>Vo.

^mdmbm qH$dm ~{hUrbm EImXr Jmoï> {XbrAgë`mg _wbmbmhr Vr hdr AgVo : VwbZmË_H$hÅ> Ag§ mbm åhUVm oB©b. mdmbm qH$dm ~{hUrbmH$mhr KoVë`mg _bmhr H$mhr Var hd AgV§; H$maUË`m§Zm H$mhr Var KoVb§ Job§ . _J hÅ> R>abobm ZgVmonU H$mhr Var hd§, Agm AÅ>hmg AgVmoM.

_wÔm_yZ, doi gmYyZ hÅ> Ho$bm OmVmo : ~è`mMXm_wbm§Zm hÅ> Zo_H$m H$Yr H$am`Mm, ho Zo_H§$ H$iV§.åhUOo _r EH$Xm _mÂ`m _¡{ÌUrH$So> Jobo hmoVo, Or_¡ÌrU KarM ã wQ>r nmb©a MmbdVo. {VÀ`mH$So> H$ñQ>_aAmbo H$s _wbJr ~amo~a AmB©H$So> OmD$Z H$mhr Var_mJm`Mr. Ë`m doir {Xb§ Zmhr Va AmaS>AmoaS>m,aS>maS> H$am`bm gwédmV ìhm`Mr. _J ho gJiH$ñQ>_ag_moa ZH$mo åhUyZ {VMr AmB© {Vbm H$m` nm{hOoVo Ë`m doir Úm`Mr. åhUOo doi gmYyZ hÅ> H$aU§ Ë`m_wbrbm ~amo~a g_Ob§ hmoV§.

da gm§{JVbob§ àË oH$ H$maU _wbmbm hÅ> H$aÊ`mgmR>rnwaog§ AgV§. `m_Ü o AmB©-~m~m åhUyZ _r H$m` Ho$bnm{hOo?

m _wbmbm doi Úm`bm gwédmV Ho$br nm{hOo.AmB©-~m~m§Zm dñVy§Zr replace Z H$aVm, _wbmbm doiXoU§ JaOoM§ Amho, Omo doi AmB©-~m~m nañnag_OwVrZodmQy>Z KoVrb Am{U dñVy XoÊ`mEodOr doi XoVrb.

m Ho$di {_Ì Am{U _¡{ÌUrH$So> Amho åhUyZ _ybhÅ> H$aV Agë`mg, Ë`m dñVyMr Ia§M JaO AmhoH$m, ho VnmgyZ nmhÿZ _JM AmB©-~m~m§Zr Vo _wbmbmÚmdo. AÝ`Wm, JaO Zgë`mg Vg§ g_OmdyZ gm§JVmAmb§ nm{hOo.

m EImXr Jmoï> Ë`m jUrM hdr AgVo, VodT>çmjUmnwaV§M Ë`m Jmoï>rM§ _hÎd AgV§. ~è`mMXm AgoPmë`mg Vr dñVy AmnU Z§Va KoD$ Ago _wbmbm gm§JVmoVo; na§Vw Ago Ho$ë`mg Ë`mbm Vr dñVy Z§Va AmnU

Z¸$s XoD$ Agm {dœmg dmQ>bm nm{hOo, Zmhr Va _J_bm AmO Zmhr {_imb§ Va naV H$YrM {_iUmaZmhr, Aer ^rVr _wbmbm dmQ>V amhVo.

m VwbZmË_H$ hÅ> åhUOo ^mD$-~hrU `m§Zm {XboåhUyZ _bm nU Úm, Ag§ hmoV Agë`mg H$mhr doimhm hÅ> nyU© H$am`bm haH$V Zmhr, na§Vw H$mhr doiogZmhr åhUVm Amb§ nm{hOo.

m doi gmYyZ Ho$bobm hÅ> _mÌ nyU© Z H$aVm "VyAgm dmJbmg Var VwPm hÅ> nyU© H$aUma Zmhr' Agogm§{JVbo nm{hOo. _wbm§Mo bmS> Oê$a H$amdoV, na§Vw VobmS> Z§Va, hÅ> hmoUma ZmhrV `mMr H$miOr ¿`mdr.

J§nyXmXm 9823970731

{H$emoarVmB© 9881134173

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