elasmobranch communities on panama’s caribbean …

Table 1. Fisheries-independent monitoring effort in Bocas del Toro (BDT) and Guna Yala (GUN) 1. Baited Remote Underwater Videos – Set for 65 minutes minimum 2. Underwater Visual Census – 1,000 m x 60 m snorkelling transects, 4 transectors 3. Scientific longline – 90 minute soak time, 50 hooks, 16/0 hooks, 4 m gangions Methods BRUVs UVC Longline Effort 135 17 78 28 20 Species Richness 10 4 5 5 4 # of sightings # of sightings # of captures Nurse shark Ginglymostoma cirratum 78 4 26 17 2 Caribbean reef shark Carcharhinus perezi 3 3 0 0 0 Blacktip shark C. limbatus 6 0 0 0 1 Blacknose shark C. acronotus 0 4 0 0 1 Great hammerhead Sphyrna mokarran 2 0 0 0 0 Scalloped hammerhead Sphyrna lewini 1 0 0 0 0 Southern stingray Hypanus americanus 35 3 74 32 1 Caribbean whiptail ray Styracura schmardae 12 0 60 11 0 Spotted eagle ray Aetobatus narinari 7 0 39 7 0 Yellow ray Urobatis jamaicensis 3 0 8 7 0 Longnose stingray Hypanus guttatus 1 0 0 0 0 Figure 3. Maps showing the distribution of shark (a) and ray (b) species seen during monitoring in the Guna Yala islands. White icons are monitoring stations where no sharks or rays were seen UVC or with BRUVs. Figure 2. Distribution of species of sharks (a) and rays (b) seen or captured during annual monitoring in Bocas del Toro islands. National Marine Park Isla Bastimentos (in red). White icons denote stations with no records of sharks or rays. Figure 1. Map of Panama highlighting the locations of the study sites for annual monitoring: Bocas del Toro (BDT) and Guna Yala (GUN) • A combination of different monitoring methods is necessary to evaluate elasmobranch diversity and distribution. • UVCs are more effective for documenting rays; BRUVs better for sharks • Southern stingrays and nurse sharks à most common species, found with all methods and in all habitat types in GUN and BDT • Caribbean reef sharks and hammerheads à deeper, rocky reef sites • Deeper, fore-reef sites (more distant from human communities) à higher shark diversity and abundance • Sheltered inner reef and lagoon sites à higher ray diversity and abundance • Marine Protected Area (BDT) à probably not beneficial for most shark species b. Bocas del Toro a. Bocas del Toro b. a. Guna Yala Guna Yala b. Results For more information Megan Chevis, [email protected] National Coordinator - Panama MarAlliance www.maralliance.org ELASMOBRANCH COMMUNITIES ON PANAMA’S CARIBBEAN COAST: FISHERIES-INDEPENDENT MONITORING IN THE BOCAS DEL TORO AND GUNA YALA ARCHIPELAGOS Megan Chevis*, Ana Batista, Leyson Navarro, Rachel T. Graham. Acknowledgements: We heartily thank the fishers and captains who conducted field work with us, as well as volunteers, Connie Clemons and Panamanian students Alexandra Guzman, Ramiro Solis, Alexandra de León. Work was conducted with a Research Permit from the Panama Ministry of Environment and with approval from the Kuna General Congress. A Caribbean reef shark ( Carcharhinus perezi ) on a BRUV in Guna Yala, Panama Fisheries-independent data on elasmobranchs in Panama are lacking, notably for sites along the country’s Caribbean coast. The Bocas del Toro (BDT) and Guna Yala (GUN) coral reef archipelagos host a variety of similar marine benthic habitats, including sheltered coral reefs, seagrass, and exposed rocky reefs, though they differ in accessibility and fishing pressure. Annual monitoring was conducted at stations in BDT and GUN for three and one years, respectively, to assess the relative abundance and distribution of large marine wildlife (shark, ray, piscivorous finfish, turtle) communities around the islands. Partners Donors Conclusions Panama References Andrefouet, S. and Guzman, H.M. 2005. Coral reef distribution, status and geomorphology - biodiversity relationship in Kuna Yale (San Blas) archipelago, Caribbean Panama. Coral Reefs 24: 31-42 Dominici-Arosemena A. And Wolff M. 2005. Reef fish community structure in Bocas del Toro (Caribbean, Panama): Gradients in habitat complexity and exposure. Caribbean Journal of Science 41: 613-637 Vergara-Chen C. 2016. La investigación y gestión pesquera para la conservación de la biodiversidad marina de Panamá. Tecnociencia 18: 73-85.

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Page 1: ELASMOBRANCH COMMUNITIES ON PANAMA’S CARIBBEAN …

Table1. Fisheries-independentmonitoringeffortinBocasdelToro(BDT)and Guna Yala(GUN)

1. BaitedRemoteUnderwaterVideos– Setfor65minutesminimum

2. UnderwaterVisualCensus– 1,000mx60msnorkellingtransects,4transectors

3. Scientificlongline– 90minutesoaktime,50hooks,16/0hooks,4mgangions

Methods

BRUVs UVC Longline Effort 135 17 78 28 20

Species Richness 10 4 5 5 4

# of sightings # of sightings # of captures

Nurse shark Ginglymostoma

cirratum

78 4 26 17 2

Caribbean reef shark Carcharhinus perezi

3 3 0 0 0

Blacktip shark C. l imbatus

6 0 0 0 1

Blacknose shark C. acronotus

0 4 0 0 1

Great hammerhead Sphyrna mokarran

2 0 0 0 0

Scalloped hammerhead Sphyrna lewini

1 0 0 0 0

Southern stingray Hypanus americanus

35 3 74 32 1

Caribbean whiptail ray

Styracura schmardae

12 0 60 11 0

Spotted eagle ray Aetobatus narinari

7 0 39 7 0

Yellow ray Urobatis jamaicensis

3 0 8 7 0

Longnose stingray Hypanus guttatus

1 0 0 0 0

Figure 3.Mapsshowing thedistributionof shark(a)andray (b)speciesseen duringmonitoring intheGuna Yalaislands.Whiteicons aremonitoring stationswhere nosharks orrays were seen UVCorwith BRUVs.

Figure 2. Distributionof speciesof sharks (a)andrays (b)seen orcaptured during annual monitoring inBocasdelToroislands.NationalMarineParkIslaBastimentos (inred).Whiteicons denote stationswith norecords of sharks orrays.

Figure1.MapofPanamahighlightingthelocationsofthestudysitesforannualmonitoring:BocasdelToro(BDT) andGunaYala (GUN)

• Acombinationofdifferentmonitoringmethodsisnecessarytoevaluateelasmobranchdiversityanddistribution.• UVCsaremoreeffectivefordocumentingrays;BRUVsbetterforsharks• Southernstingraysandnursesharksà mostcommonspecies,foundwithallmethodsandinallhabitattypesinGUNandBDT• Caribbeanreefsharksandhammerheadsà deeper,rockyreefsites• Deeper,fore-reefsites(moredistantfromhumancommunities)à highersharkdiversityandabundance• Shelteredinnerreefandlagoonsitesà higher raydiversityandabundance• MarineProtectedArea(BDT)à probablynotbeneficialformostsharkspecies

BocasdelToro

Guna Yala

Results

FormoreinformationMeganChevis,[email protected] - PanamaMarAlliancewww.maralliance.org

ELASMOBRANCHCOMMUNITIESONPANAMA’SCARIBBEANCOAST:FISHERIES-INDEPENDENTMONITORINGINTHEBOCASDEL

TOROANDGUNAYALAARCHIPELAGOSMeganChevis*,AnaBatista,LeysonNavarro,RachelT.Graham.

Acknowledgements:Weheartilythankthefishersandcaptainswhoconductedfieldworkwithus,aswellasvolunteers,ConnieClemonsandPanamanianstudentsAlexandraGuzman,RamiroSolis,AlexandradeLeón.WorkwasconductedwithaResearchPermitfromthePanamaMinistryofEnvironmentandwithapprovalfromtheKuna GeneralCongress.

ACaribbean reef shark (Carcharhinusperezi)onaBRUVinGunaYala,Panama

Fisheries-independentdataonelasmobranchsinPanamaarelacking,notablyforsitesalongthecountry’sCaribbeancoast.TheBocasdelToro(BDT)andGunaYala(GUN)coralreefarchipelagoshostavarietyofsimilarmarinebenthichabitats,includingshelteredcoralreefs,seagrass,andexposedrockyreefs,thoughtheydifferinaccessibilityandfishingpressure.AnnualmonitoringwasconductedatstationsinBDTandGUNforthreeandoneyears,respectively,toassesstherelativeabundanceanddistributionoflargemarinewildlife(shark,ray,piscivorousfinfish,turtle)communitiesaroundtheislands.

Partners Donors

Conclusions

Panama

References Andrefouet, S. and Guzman, H.M. 2005. Coral reef distribution, status and geomorphology - biodiversityrelationship in Kuna Yale (San Blas) archipelago, Caribbean Panama. Coral Reefs 24: 31-42Dominici-Arosemena A. And Wolff M. 2005. Reef fish community structure in Bocas del Toro (Caribbean, Panama): Gradients in habitat complexity and exposure. Caribbean Journal of Science 41: 613-637Vergara-Chen C. 2016. La investigación y gestión pesquera para la conservación de la biodiversidad marina de Panamá. Tecnociencia 18: 73-85.

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