electrical hazards training presented by: john s. hillard, csp risk control consultant...
TRANSCRIPT
Electrical Hazards Training
Presented By:John S. Hillard, CSP
Risk Control [email protected]
717-606-5904
Agenda
Agenda
1.) Purpose2.) Review of Data and OSHA Citations3.) Basic Electrical Concepts4.) Hazards Common in the Industry5.) Best Practices in the Industry6.) Areas for Future Improvement
Purpose
Purpose
1.) Get employees home safely2.) Improve your electrical safety program3.) Fulfill the OSHA AMI Alliance Agreement- Develop and provide training & education programs for the mushroom industry
- Prevent or Reduce:1.) Fall;2.) Amputation;3.) Chemical; 4.) Electrical;5.) Physical Hazards
Review of Data and OSHA Citations
Survey
Results from safety program surveys:
Rank Program
1 Electrical Safety
2 Hazard Communication
3 Lockout Tagout
4 Slips, Trips and Falls
5 Machine Guarding
6 Personal Protective Equipment
7 Emergency Action Plan
8 Powered Industrial Truck
9 Fall Protection
10 Ergonomics
11 Housekeeping
12 Confined Space
Review of Data and OSHA Citations
Electrical Related Citations
Hazard Standard Citations
General Duty Clause 5 (a) (1) 2
- Missing Covers
- Damaged exterior panels
Examination, installation and use 303 (b) 1
Overcurrent protection 304 (f) 4
Cabinets, boxes and fittings 305 (b) 2
Use of flexible cords 305 (g) 4
Equipment for general use 305 (j) 1
Portable electrical equipment 334 (a) 2
Have you had any injuries involving electricity at your
location?
Basic Electrical Concepts
Water Hose Analogy
Resistance (ohms) – Diameter of hose
Current (amps) – flow rate at a point
Power (watts) – amount of work
Voltage (volts) – pressure or force
Basic Electrical Concepts
Types of Injuries
1.) Electrocution (Always Fatal)
2.) Electrical Shock or Shock
3.) Burns
4.) Falls (Secondary Injury)
Basic Electrical Concepts
Three ways to get shocked:
1.) Contact both conductors
2.) Contact with one conductor and ground
3.) Contact with energized equipment and ground
Basic Electrical Concepts
Factors in Severity
1.) Amount of current
2.) Path of current through the body
3.) Duration of contact
4.) General health of the person
Basic Electrical Concepts
Exposure effectsExposure Result
1 – 4 mA Slight tingle
> 5 mA Noticeable pain increasing as mA increase
> 10 mA Involuntary muscle contraction
> 20 mA Severe shock
> 30 mA Lung paralysis – usually fatal
> 50 mA Potential ventricular fibrillation (almost always fatal)
100 mA – 4 A Certain ventricular fibrillation (fatal)
>4 A Heart paralysis; Severe burns
Basic Electrical Concepts
Arc Flash
A short circuit caused by working on energize equipment
- Commonly caused by dropping a tool; or- Unexpectedly hitting an energized part
Basic Electrical Concepts
Arc Flash Injuries
1.) Arc Flash- Most burns due to ignition of
clothing- Reaches 35,000° F- Molten metal - Temporary and permanent blindness
2.) Arc Blast- Extremely forceful pressure wave- Molten metal shrapnel- Loud explosion
Basic Electrical Concepts
Basic Electrical Concepts
Hazards Common in the Industry
Common Issues
1.) Flexible cord issues
2.) Damaged electrical components
3.) Electrically unsafe equipment
4.) Failure to use LOTO
5.) Failure to work on de-energized equipment
6.) Under-trained employees
Hazards Common in the Industry
Flexible Cord Issues
Cords passing through window and doorways
Hazards Common in the Industry
Flexible Cord Issues
Cut insulation
Hazards Common in the Industry
Flexible Cord Issues
Improper repair that is damaged
Hazards Common in the Industry
Flexible Cord Issues
Cords used as permanent wiring
Hazards Common in the Industry
Damaged Electrical Components
Broken strain relief with exposed conductors
Hazards Common in the Industry
Damaged Electrical Components
Missing knockouts
Hazards Common in the Industry
Damaged Electrical Components
Damaged plug ends and housing
Hazards Common in the Industry
Damaged Electrical Components
Broken connection at box
Hazards Common in the Industry
Electrically Unsafe Equipment
1.) Ungrounded equipment
2.) Poorly maintained and damaged equipment
3.) Equipment not suited for the area
4.) Equipment not suited for the use
Hazards Common in the Industry
Failure to use LOTO
Hazards Common in the Industry
Failure to use LOTO
Hazards Common in the Industry
Failure to do work de-energized
1.) “It takes to much time…”
2.) “It is easier this way”
3.) “It is the ONLY way to do it”
L-A-Z-Y
Hazards Common in the Industry
Under – trained employees
They think things like this…
1.) Grounding of equipment isn’t necessary
2.) Makeshift repairs
3.) Glaring safety hazards ignored
What electrical hazards are the most common at your company?
Best Practices in Industry
Common Best Practices1.) Trained and qualified electricians
2.) Trained employees who handle electrical equipment
3.) All employees trained on electrical hazard identification
4.) Listed pick lights or pick light inspection
5.) Use of GFCI’s
Best Practices in Industry
Trained and qualified1.) As defined by OSHA:
“One who has received training in and has demonstrated skills and knowledge in the construction and operation of electric
equipment and installations and the hazards involved.”
2.) As defined by the NEC:
“One who has skills and knowledge related to the construction and operation of the electrical equipment and installations and has received safety training to recognize and avoid the hazards
involved.”
3.) If they don’t meet these requirements they are not qualified electricians
Best Practices in Industry
Trained and qualified1.) Hire qualified electricians
2.) Train your electricians on electrical hazards
3.) Train your electricians on safe work procedures
Best Practices in Industry
Employees handling electrical equipment
1.) Review common unsafe conditions
2.) Instruct them to inspect equipment prior to use
3.) Outline procedures for repair of damaged equipment
Best Practices in Industry
All employees trained on…1.) Identifying missing ground plugs
2.) Removing cords with visible damage
3.) Reporting shocks- “I got zapped”- “I felt a tingle”- Etc.
Best Practices in Industry
Listed Pick Lights1.) The only ‘OSHA accepted’ Solution
2.) Designed and rated for wet environments
3.) ‘Expensive’
4.) Listed by national testing labs (ETL, UL, etc.)
Best Practices in Industry
Inspecting Non-Listed Pick Lights1.) NOT an ‘OSHA accepted’ Solution
2.) Simple visual inspection by employees moving lights
3.) Detailed inspection by a qualified person at least annually
4.) Removal of lights with metal ballast housing.
5.) Recordkeeping system
Best Practices in Industry
GFCI use (Maintenance)1.) ‘Pig Tails’ on cord and plug equipment
used in maintenance
Best Practices in Industry
GFCI use (All Areas)1.) GFCI’s are required to be used in wet
environments
2.) Have been successfully implemented on several farms
3.) Provide superior protection to employees
4.) Other implications with insurance carriers
What electrical safety practices have you implemented at your
location?
Areas for future improvement
Areas of Improvement1.) Training Efforts:
- Qualified electricians- Employees moving or working with
equipment- All employees
2.) Proper electrical safety procedures:- De-energizing- LOTO- PPE
3.) Implementation of GFCI protection
4.) Program for identification & repair of damaged equipment
Where are you looking to improve this year?
Conclusion
Conclusion1.) Our employees face electrical hazards everyday.
2.) Employees working on electrical systems must be qualified
3.) There have been several fatalities and severe injuries related to electrical hazards
4.) Identifying and eliminating hazards can be as simple as telling employees what to look for.
5.) Taking steps to make our areas safer electrically is absolutely imperative
