electrical swing adsorption for co2 capture - sintef · 2015. 4. 10. · victorian brown coal is a...

Electrical Swing Adsorption

for CO2 Capture

Alan Chaffee* and Paul Webley+

*School of Chemistry, Monash University

+Dept Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Uni of Melbourne


for CO2 Capture

Advanced Materials and Electric Swing

Adsorption Process for CO2 Capture

EU-Australian Cooperation, 7th Framework Project, ENERGY

The consortium is formed by: 5 universities (2 Australian), 2

R&D institutes, 3 SMEs and 2 large industries.

MATESA partners

3

web-page:

www.sintef.no/projectweb/MATESA

The main idea

4

FLUE GAS CO2

(for storage)

Desorption line

Low-CO2 output

Purge line

Hybrid composite honeycomb:conducting binder and crystalsof CO2 selective adsorbent

Electricity

Low-grade heat

Create a honeycomb material able to conduct electricity.

Embed within this a material able to selectively adsorb CO2.

Use this material in an innovative Electric Swing Adsorption (ESA) process.

Evaluate the integration of the ESA process into the power plant.

Make a full life cycle assessment of the entire capture process.

ESA Concept


• A controlled (efficient), rapid, low cost regeneration process for

conductive monolithic adsorbents

Desorption is the key to an efficient adsorption process

Objectives of Australian Study

Develop active carbon monoliths from brown coal

Embed this with a highly CO2 selective adsorbent material

Evaluate performance at bench scale

Process modeling

Life cycle analysis

Victorian brown coal is a good carbon precursor - it is very cheap

- it has very low inorganic content

Latrobe Valley Coal Fields

Coal moisture content: ~ 60% (wb)

Flue gas composition:

~60% N2, 12% CO2, 24% H2O

Loy Yang Mine and Power Stations

Heterogeneity of Victorian Brown Coal (VBC)

100m

1cm

Active carbon monoliths from brown coal

Known features from work to date:

Brown coal monoliths can be made.

Active carbon from powdered brown coal

has good reversible CO2 capacity.

Functionalised carbon monoliths

improve CO2 capacity.

Active carbon monoliths prepared from

polymers work for ESA.

Dewatering by Densification

1h, 120 rpm

Strength Development on Drying

Fuel Proc Tech 21, 208 (1989)

Coldry® Process*

Solar dried coal

* Environmental Coal Technologies Ltd

See: www.ectltd.com.au/coldry/the-coldry-process

Allardice et al, Ch 3, in: Advances in the Science of

Victorian Brown Coal, Ed C-Z Li, Elsevier, 2004










✔

Activated Carbons (ACs)

High Surface Area & Porosity (wide PSD)

Water tolerant (usually)

Precursors inexpensive & readily available

Surface chemistry easy to tailor

Adsorption of gases on ACs is non-selective

AC Production

Prepared by one of two activation methods:

Physical Activation: Pyrolysis, followed by partial gasification.

1. Pyrolysis – Volatile Matter Removal

2. Partial Gasification – Pore Development

Chemical Activation: Uses catalysts in addition to pyrolysis & partial gasification.

Active carbon powders from brown coal

CO2 adsorption of brown coal derived carbon

LA Ciddor et al, Proceedings of the Int Conf on Coal

Science & Technology 2013, State College PA, Sept

29-Oct 3, 2013, 8pp.

Adsorption Isotherm

Partial Pressure Swing (0.15 – 0.05 bar)










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✔

18

CO2 adsorption on functionalised VBC carbons

363 K Polyethyleneimine (PEI)

linear branched

LA Ciddor et al, Proceedings of the Int Conf on Coal

Science & Technology 2013, State College PA, Sept

29-Oct 3, 2013, 8pp.

19 S Delaney, PhD Thesis, 2009, Electrically

Regenerable Carbon Adsorbents for CO2 Capture

CO2 adsorption on synthetic mesoporous carbons

Mesoporous

Carbon

Synthesis

Amination

procedure

Pellet

products

Mesoporous

Carbon

Aminated

Carbon PPSA on mesoporouscarbon pellets










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ESA Test Facilities – Mk 1

Electrically heated reactor units

Monoliths acquired from Mast

Carbon Pty Ltd, UK

Thermocouple reading on

external surface of monolith

Sealed in glass vessel or with

heat shrink wrap

ESA Investigation

Protocol

Adsorption

Feed gas (15% CO2 in N2) at 80ml/min,

‘breakthrough’at 35-40ml of CO2 adsorbed

Electrical Stimulation

Power requirements (10W)

~65 sec to heat to 105oC (~5V, 2A)

Desorption

Thermal evolution

Purge flow (4 – 8 ml/min), varied durations

Cooling

High purge (cool) flow rates

S Delaney, PhD Thesis, 2009, Electrically Regenerable Carbon Adsorbents for CO2 Capture

ESA Investigation

Protocol

Adsorption






Desorption

Thermal evolution


Cooling


Mass CO2 ads - funct and unfunct samples

0

0.5

1

1.5

2

2.5

3

3.5

4

4.5

0 4 8 12 16 20 24Time (min)

Ma

ss

CO

2 a

ds

(%

) .

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

V t

ot

in (

ml/m

in)

.

Mass CO2 ads (%) funct sample

Mass CO2 ads (%) unfunct sample

Vtot in (mL/min)


ESA Investigation

Protocol

Adsorption






Desorption

Thermal evolution


Cooling



0

0.5

1

1.5

2

2.5

3

3.5

4

4.5

0 4 8 12 16 20 24Time (min)

Ma

ss

CO

2 a

ds

(%

) .

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

V t

ot

in (

ml/m

in)

.



Vtot in (mL/min)

Amination procedure


ESA Investigation

Protocol

Adsorption






Desorption

Thermal evolution


Cooling



0

0.5

1

1.5

2

2.5

3

3.5

4

4.5

0 4 8 12 16 20 24Time (min)

Ma

ss

CO

2 a

ds

(%

) .

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

V t

ot

in (

ml/m

in)

.



Vtot in (mL/min)


0

0.5

1

1.5

2

2.5

3

3.5

4

4.5

0 10 20 30 40 50

Time (min)

Ma

ss

CO

2 a

ds

(%

) .

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

V t

ot

in (

ml/m

in)

.

Mass CO2 ads (%) unfunct

sampleMass CO2 ads (%) funct

sampleVtot in (mL/min)

Functionalisation

Improved CO2 adsorption capacity

Slower breakthrough time

Working capacity slightly increased for

functionalised sample

ESA test unit - Effect of functionalisation

Purity and Recovery of Desorbed CO2

Increased rate of recovery for functionalised sample.

Electrical stimulation higher (~30%) to effect same temp increase

~30% increase in resistivity for functionalised sample

Recovery % - funct and unfunct samples

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

0 4 8 12 16 20 24Time (min)

Re

co

ve

ry (

%)

.

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

110

120

Te

mp

era

ture

(o

C)

.

Recovery (%) funct 10W

Recovery (%) unfunct 13WRecovery (%) unfunct 10W

Monolith temp (oC)

Purity % - funct and unfunct samples

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

50

0 4 8 12 16 20 24

Time (min)

Pu

rity

(%

) .

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

110

120

Te

mp

era

ture

(o

C)

.

Purity (%) unfunct 13W

Purity (%) funct 10W

Purity (%) unfunct 10W

Monolith temp (oC)










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ESA Equipment – Mk 2 and 3

4-bed testing Bench scale testing

Under

construction

Computational Fluid Dynamics

Diameter: 20mm

Length: 200mm

Wall: 0.525mm

Channel: 1.05mm

CPSI: 286

Open area: 42%

Dimension of Monolith

Due to symmetry, need to study the velocity of just 1/8 of monolith

ESA Concept


• A controlled (efficient), rapid, low cost regeneration process for

conductive monolithic adsorbents

Desorption is the key to an efficient adsorption process

Thank you!

Acknowledgement

The authors wish to acknowledge financial

assistance provided by Brown Coal Innovation

Australia Limited,

a private member-based company with funding

contracts through

Australian National Low Emissions Coal

Research and Development Ltd (ANLEC R&D)

and the Victorian State Government.

electrical swing adsorption for co2 capture - sintef · 2015. 4. 10. · victorian brown coal is a...

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