BULACAN STATE UNIVERSITY

CITY OF MALOLOS, BULACAN

COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING

EE – 311L

REPORT NO. 1

ELECTRICAL TOOLS AND MEASURING INSTRUMENTS

(PART – II)

SUBMITTED BY:

NAME: VALILA, MARY GRACE CATHERINE I.

C / Y / S: BS ECE 3B

SUBMITTED: JULY 9, 2015

SUBMITTED TO:

ENGR. DANIEL A. CRISOSTOMO

(INSTRUCTOR)

1st SEMESTER / S.Y. 2015 – 2016

EE – 311L

REPORT NO. 2

ELECTRICAL TOOLS AND MEASURING INSTRUMENTS

(PART – II)

I. ELECTRICAL TOOLS AND MEASURING INTSRUMENTS – II

A. GENERAL CLASSIFICATION

1. HAND TOOLS

HAND TOOLS ARE TOOLS MANIPULATED AND OPERATED BY OUR HANDS WITHOUT THE USE OF ELECTRICAL ENERGY.

2. MACHINE TOOLS

HAND TOOLS ARE TOOLS MANIPULATED AND OPERATED BY OUR HANDS WITHOUT THE USE OF ELECTRICAL ENERGY.

B. HAND TOOLS ( DESCRIPTION, ILLUSTRATION, AND THEIR USES)

11. COLD CHISEL

A COLD CHISEL IS A TOOL THAT CAN CUT THROUGH COLD METAL. THESE CHISELS ARE STRONG AND HEAVY BECAUSE THEY ARE USUALLY MADE OF TEMPERED STEEL, WHICH IS HARD ENOUGH TO BITE THROUGH MOST OTHER METALS.

IN MOST CASES, A COLD CHISEL WILL NOT BE THE RIGHT CHOICE IF A REFINED SURFACE IS DESIRED. THEY ARE INTENDED TO PERFORM MANY OF THE SAME FUNCTIONS AS CUTTING MACHINES BUT ARE TYPICALLY LESS ACCURATE AND HARDER TO USE. THIS TOOL MAY COME IN HANDY IF A CUTTING MACHINE IS EITHER UNAVAILABLE OR OUT OF

SERVICE, OR IN SPECIAL CIRCUMSTANCES WHERE THE MACHINE CAN'T DO THE JOB PROPERLY.

12. HACKSAW

A HACKSAW IS A HANDHELD TOOL USED TO CUT THROUGH MATERIALS LIKE PLASTIC TUBING AND METAL PIPES. ITS CUTTING MECHANISM IS PROVIDED BY REMOVABLE BLADES WHICH FEATURE SHARP TEETH ALONG THEIR OUTER EDGE. BEFORE USING A HACKSAW, IT IS IMPORTANT TO UNDERSTAND HOW THE TOOL WORKS, AS FAILURE TO DO SO CAN LEAD TO BROKEN BLADES, WASTED MATERIALS, AND EVEN INJURY.

13. HAND DRILL AND BIT

A HAND DRILL USES A HAND OPERATED CRANK HANDLE TO TURN AN INTERLOCKING GEAR, WHICH IN TURN ROTATES THE DRILL BIT. WITH A QUICKER SET-UP TIME THAN THE ELECTRIC DRILL, THE HAND DRILL IS MOST USEFUL WHEN YOU REQUIRE ONLY A SMALL NUMBER OF HOLES.

A BRACE OR BRACE AND BIT IS A HAND TOOL USED TO DRILL HOLES, USUALLY IN WOOD. PRESSURE IS APPLIED TO THE TOP AND THE TOOL IS ROTATED WITH A U-SHAPED GRIP.

14. AUGER BRACE AND BIT

AN AUGER IS A DRILLING DEVICE, OR DRILL BIT, THAT USUALLY INCLUDES A ROTATING HELICAL SCREW BLADE CALLED A "FLIGHTING" TO ACT AS A SCREW CONVEYOR TO REMOVE THE DRILLED OUT MATERIAL. THE ROTATION OF THE BLADE CAUSES THE MATERIAL TO MOVE OUT OF THE HOLE BEING DRILLED.

AN AUGER USED FOR DIGGING POST HOLES IS CALLED AN 'EARTH AUGER', 'HANDHELD POWER EARTH DRILL', 'SOIL AUGER', OR 'MECHANIZED POST HOLE DIGGER’.

15. GIMLET

A GIMLET IS A HAND TOOL FOR DRILLING SMALL HOLES, MAINLY IN WOOD, WITHOUT SPLITTING. A GIMLET IS

ALWAYS A SMALL TOOL. A SIMILAR TOOL OF LARGER SIZE IS CALLED AN AUGER. THE CUTTING ACTION OF THE GIMLET IS SLIGHTLY DIFFERENT FROM AN AUGER, HOWEVER, AS THE END OF THE SCREW, AND SO THE INITIAL HOLE IT MAKES, IS SMALLER; THE CUTTING EDGES PARE AWAY THE WOOD WHICH IS MOVED OUT BY THE SPIRAL SIDES, FALLING OUT THROUGH THE ENTRY HOLE.

16. KEY HOLE SAW

A KEYHOLE SAW, OR COMPASS SAW, HAS A SMALL POINTED BLADE AND A WOOD OR PLASTIC HANDLE. IT IS USEFUL FOR CUTTING HOLES IN SOFTER WOODS OR IN DRYWALL, SUCH AS CUTTING A HOLE IN A WALL FOR A NEW ELECTRIC SWITCH. MOST KEYHOLE SAWS HAVE A SINGLE HANDLE TO WHICH VARIOUS BLADES CAN BE FITTED. THE BLADES VARY IN WIDTH, LENGTH, AND NUMBER OF TEETH, OR POINTS. BLADE LENGTHS RANGE FROM 5 TO 15 INCHES, AND THERE ARE 5 TO 20 TEETH PER INCH, WITH 8 TO 10 BEING MOST COMMON.

17. STAR DRILL

STAR DRILLS ARE THE FORERUNNERS OF TODAY'S ELECTRIC MASONRY DRILL BITS. THEY ARE DESIGNED TO CREATE HOLES IN MASONRY, BRICK, STONE, AND CONCRETE. STAR DRILLS ARE FOR HAND USE ONLY. THEY

ARE NOT TO BE USED IN POWER DRILLING EQUIPMENT. THE STAR DRILL CUTTING EDGE RESEMBLES FOUR CHISELS JOINED AT THEIR EDGES TO FORM A CROSS.

18. MASON DRILL

THE MASONRY BIT SHOWN HERE IS A VARIATION OF THE TWIST DRILL BIT. THE BULK OF THE TOOL IS A RELATIVELY SOFT STEEL, AND IS MACHINED WITH A MILL RATHER THAN GROUND.

MASONRY BITS TYPICALLY ARE USED WITH A HAMMER DRILL, WHICH HAMMERS THE BIT INTO THE MATERIAL BEING DRILLED AS IT ROTATES; THE HAMMERING BREAKS UP THE MASONRY AT THE DRILL BIT TIP, AND THE ROTATING FLUTES CARRY AWAY THE DUST.

19. C-CLAMP

A C-CLAMP OR G-CLAMP IS A TYPE OF CLAMP DEVICE TYPICALLY USED TO HOLD A WOOD OR METAL WORKPIECE, AND OFTEN USED IN, BUT ARE NOT LIMITED TO, CARPENTRY AND WELDING. THESE CLAMPS ARE CALLED "C" CLAMPS BECAUSE OF THEIR C SHAPED FRAME, BUT ARE OTHERWISE

OFTEN CALLED G-CLAMPS OR G-CRAMPS BECAUSE INCLUDING THE SCREW PART THEY ARE SHAPED LIKE AN UPPERCASE LETTER G.

20. FLARING TOOLS

FLARING TOOLS ARE ADAPTIVE MECHANISMS USED IN PIPE FITTINGS. THEY ACCEPT PLIABLE METAL PIPING AND EXPAND THE ENDS OF PIPE SECTIONS AS NEEDED, SO THE PIPE CAN FIT TO THE NEXT SECTION.

FLARING TOOLS EMPLOY VERY TRADITIONAL TECHNOLOGY, PROBABLY DATING BACK TO THE EARLIEST METALWORKING. THEY ARE IMPORTANT IN BOTH PROFESSIONAL AND HOBBYIST APPLICATIONS, MAKING PIPE FITTING POSSIBLE.

21. PIPE CUTTER

A PIPECUTTER IS A TYPE OF TOOL USED BY PLUMBERS TO CUT PIPE. BESIDES PRODUCING A CLEAN CUT, THE TOOL IS OFTEN A FASTER, CLEANER, AND MORE CONVENIENT WAY

OF CUTTING PIPE THAN USING A HACKSAW, ALTHOUGH THIS DEPENDS ON THE METAL OF THE PIPE.

22. PIPE BURNING REAMER

A PIPE REAMER IS A TYPE OF ROTARY CUTTING TOOL USED IN METALWORKING. PRECISION REAMERS ARE DESIGNED TO ENLARGE THE SIZE OF A PREVIOUSLY FORMED HOLE BY A SMALL AMOUNT BUT WITH A HIGH DEGREE OF ACCURACY TO LEAVE SMOOTH SIDES

23. SOLDERING COPPER

A SOLDERING COPPER HAS A COPPER TIP SOLIDLY ATTACHED TO A STEEL SHAFT. IT IS OPERATED MANUALLY BY HEATING THE TIP OF THE COPPER SO THAT IT IS HOT ENOUGH TO BE ABLE TO SOLDER

24. ELECTRIC SOLDERING COPPER

AN ELECTRIC SOLDERING COPPER HAS A COPPER TIP ATTACHED TO A STEEL SHAFT. IT IS CONNECTED TO A POWER SOURCE SO YOU WONT HAVE TO MANUALLTY HEAT IT UP.

25. ELECTRIC SOLDERING GUN

A SOLDERING GUN IS AN APPROXIMATELY PISTOL-SHAPED, ELECTRICALLY POWERED TOOL FOR SOLDERING METALS USING TIN-BASED SOLDER TO ACHIEVE A STRONG MECHANICAL BOND WITH GOOD ELECTRICAL CONTACT. SINCE THE TIP HAS A MUCH HIGHER RESISTANCE THAN THE REST OF THE TUBULAR COPPER WINDING, THE TIP GETS VERY HOT WHILE THE REMAINDER OF THE SECONDARY WARMS MUCH LESS. A TAP ON THE PRIMARY WINDING IS OFTEN USED TO LIGHT A PILOT LAMP WHICH ALSO LIGHTS THE WORKPIECE.