electromagnetic weapons
TRANSCRIPT
ELECTROMAGNETIC WEAPONS
BY
SATYAJIT DALBEHERA
(1SG07EE045)
TECHNICAL SEMINAR PRESENTATION ON
INTRODUCTION
Desert Storm Counter-C3 operations relied on air power and precision guided munitions.
Future campaigns will require more suitable weapons to achieve shock effect over large target sets with small attacking forces.
Electromagnetic weapons can perform such a role.
Electromagnetic weapon is a weapon of electrical mass destruction(WEMD)
BASIC PRINCIPLE
THE EMP EFFECT The Electromagnetic Pulse is in effect an
electromagnetic shock wave. This pulse of energy produces a powerful
electromagnetic field, particularly within the vicinity of the weapon burst.
The field can be sufficiently strong to produce short lived transient voltages of thousands of Volts (i.e.kilovolts) on exposed electrical conductors, such as wires, or conductive tracks on printed circuit boards, where exposed.
TECHNOLOGY BASE OF E-WEAPON
Key technologies which are extant in the area are
Explosively pumped Flux Compression Generators (FCG)
Explosive or propellant driven Magneto-Hydrodynamic (MHD) generators.
A range of HPM devices, the foremost of which is the Virtual Cathode Oscillator or Vircator.
THE PHYSICS OF FCG
Fast explosive compresses a magnetic field
Compression transfers mechanical energy into the magnetic field
Peak currents of Mega Amperes demonstrated in many experiments
FCG OPERATION
External power source pumps FCG winding with start current
When start current peaks, explosive lense fired to initiate explosive burn
Explosive pressure expands armature and creates moving short
Moving armature compresses magnetic field
HIGH POWER MICROWAVE(HMP) SOURCES
Higher lethality than low frequency FCG fields, many device types
Relativistic KlystronsMagnetronsSlow Wave DevicesReflex TriodesVirtual Cathode Oscillators (vircators)
VIRCATOR PHYSICS
Relativistic electron beam punches through foil or mesh anode.
”Virtual” cathode formed by space charge bubble behind anode.
Peak power of tens of GW for 100s of nsec.
Anode typically melts in about 1 usec.
Cheap and simple to manufacture.Wide bandwidth.
OPERATION OF E-WEAPONS
MODES OF COUPLINGFRONTDOOR COUPLINGBACKDOOR COUPLING
TARGETING THE E-BOMBGLOBAL POSITIONING SYSTEM(GPS)EMITTER LOCATING SYSTEM(ELS)DUE TO UNINTENTIONAL EMISSION(UE)
DEPLOYING THE E-BOMBCRUISE MISSILE AIRFRAMECONVENTIONAL AIRCRAFT
LETHALITY OF E-WEAPONS
DAMAGE INFLICTED ON ELECTRONICS EQUIPMENTS
SMALL SIZE-VULNERABILITYTHERMAL BREAKDOWN FAILUREOVERALL EFFECT
EFFECT ON HUMAN BEINGS
USE OF PACEMAKER OR ANY OTHER ELECTRONIC IMPLANTSIDE LOBE OF BEAM
COLLATERAL DAMAGE
GPS GUIDED BOMB KITS
GENERAL ARRANGMENT
PROTECTION AGAINST E-WEAPON
FARADAY CAGEE-BUNKERSSITE HARDENINGUSE OF MOTOR POWER ISOLATORS FOR MAINS POWER DISTRIBUTION
APPLICATION OF E-WEAPONS
These E-Weapons are basically used in military sectors,they are used in
Electronic combatStrategic warfareTheatre warfarePunitive missions
E-WEAPON ADVANTAGES IN STRATEGIC WARFARE
Not lethal to humansNegligible collateral damage High tempo campaigns possible due
the powerful “shock” effect of using a WEMD
No mass media coverage of bombing casualties (broadcast eqpt destroyed) will reduce the threshold for the use of strategic air power and missile forces
LIMITATIONS OF E-WEAPONS
WEAPON IMPLEMENTATIONMEANS OF DELIVERYKILL ASSESSMENT
CONCLUSION
E-Weapon is a WEMDHigh payoff in using E-Weapons against
fundamental infrastructure, resulting in substantial paralysis
E-Weapons will become a decisive capability in Strategic Warfare and Electronic Combat
E-Weapons are a non-lethal weaponThe critical issues for the next decade are
the deployment of E-Weapons and the hardening of fundamental infrastructure
REFERENCES
AAP1000 - RAAF, DI(AF) AAP1000, The Air Power Manual, Second Edition, RAAF APSC, Canberra,
1994 AAP1003 - RAAF, DI(AF) AAP1003, Ch.8 The Law of Aerial
Targeting, Operations Law for RAAF Commanders, First Edition, RAAF APSC, Canberra, 1994 AFM1-1 - Basic Aerospace Doctrine of the United States Air Force,
Air Force Manual 1-1, Volume 1, March 1992. CAIRD85 - Caird R.S. et al, Tests of an Explosive Driven Coaxial
Generator, Digest of Technical Papers, 5th IEEE Pulsed Power Conference, pp.220, IEEE, New York, 1985. DIXON84 - Dixon R.C., Spread Spectrum Systems, John Wiley and
Sons, New York, 1984. FANTHOME89 - Fanthome B.A., MHD Pulsed Power Generation,
Digest of Technical Papers, 7th IEEE