electron beam water treatment -for better environment...electron beam water treatment-for better...

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Electron Beam Water TreatmentElectron Beam Water Treatment-- for better environmentfor better environment

Yongsan-dong 550 Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-500, Korea

November 06, 2014

BUMSOO HAN, EB TECH Co.BUMSOO HAN, EB TECH Co.

Workshop on the industrial and environmental applications of electron beams, Warsaw Poland November 06~07 2014

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Area total drinking water

sewage natural water

equipment others

market(%)

4,828(100)

2,092(43.3)

1,616(33.5)

589(12.2)

278(5.8)

251(5.2)

From the report of British water research organization, GWI (Global Water Intelligence), the global water market in 2010 is supposed to be 4,828 M$, and will grow annually 4.9% to over 8,650 M$ in 2025. This is higher than the expectation in 2007 (7,015M$).

The portion related with drinking water supply is the largest and around 2,092M$(43.3%), and sewage water treatment (33.5%) and natural water (12.2%).

The world water market (2010)

Ref. GWI (2010)


market(%)

4,828(100)

2,092(43.3)

1,616(33.5)

589(12.2)

278(5.8)

251(5.2)

From the report of British water research organization, GWI (Global Water Intelligence), the global water market in 2010 is supposed to be 4,828 M$, and will grow annually 4.9% to over 8,650 M$ in 2025. This is higher than the expectation in 2007 (7,015M$).

The portion related with drinking water supply is the largest and around 2,092M$(43.3%), and sewage water treatment (33.5%) and natural water (12.2%).

The world water market (2010)

Ref. GWI (2010)

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What is water/wastewater treatment ?

Main purpose of wastewater treatment-. Removal of harmful impurities (COD, BOD, S/S etc. ) -. Removal of color, odor etc. -. Removal of T-N, T-P


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Pollutants in wastewater :

PathogensOxygen depleting organicsNutrients (N,P)Heavy MetalsChemicals – POPs

Endocrine disruptorsPesticidePharmaceutical residuesPlasticizer etc.


Pollutants in wastewater :

PathogensOxygen depleting organicsNutrients (N,P)Heavy MetalsChemicals – POPs

Endocrine disruptorsPesticidePharmaceutical residuesPlasticizer etc.

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Over the last 100 years, we have taken benefits from new chemicalproducts and pharmaceutical products for “Better Living for Humankind”.It is estimated that about 80,000 different chemicals were released intothe environment over during the last decades.

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What is water/wastewater treatment ?

Main purpose of wastewater treatment-. Removal of harmful impurities (COD, BOD, S/S etc. ) -. Removal of color, odor etc. -. Removal of T-N, T-P


To discharge to river, or to re-use in industries or irrigation -. Disinfection of microorganisms

(Coli-form & pathogenic organisms)-. Destruction of endocrine disrupter (natural and synthetic

chemicals such as Nonyl phenols and its derivatives)

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Typical routes to surface and ground water are treated domestic/industrial water, combined sewer overflows, septic tanks, animal feeding.26 million organic and inorganic substances have been inventoried.

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Discharged industrial wastewater from PIZ (Penang Industrial Zone)to Penang strait, Penang Malaysia

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H2O H2O˙+ + e- and H2O*

H2O˙+ H2O ˙OH + H3O+

10-16 s

10-14 s

Ionization and electronic excitation of water molecules

Ion – molecule reaction

Radiation Chemistry of Water

+


H2O* H˙ + ˙OH , H2 + O˙

e- + n H2O eaq-

10-13 s

10-12 s

Dissociation of excited water molecules

Solvation of electron

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eaq

HarmfulOrganic

in Waste-water

Complete DecompositionPartialDecompositionSuspended Solid

H2O,CO2

Coagulation

Principles of Wastewater Treatment with Radiation


HH

OO HH

eaq

OH*

H*

H2O2

Active RadicalsWater Molecule

HarmfulOrganic

in Waste-water

Suspended SolidMonomer toPolymerizationRemoval of Toxic GroupRemoval of Color, Odor

Bio-Treatment

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Natural Reservoir

Biological

Treatment

E-beam Treatment

Used for

Industrial

Water

Underground

Contaminated

Underground water

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R

SO3NaNekal (Isobutylnaphthalene sulfonates)R = (CH3)3C-, (CH3)2CHCH2- or

CH3CH2CH(CH3)-


Natural Reservoir

Biological

Treatment

E-beam Treatment

Used for

Industrial

Water

Underground

Contaminated

Underground water

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Before afterBOD 500-1000 7-15COD 1600-5000 60-100

Wastewater Treatment Plant in Boronezh, Russia

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Textile Dyeing Wastewater Treatment Plant in Korea


Full-scale application of electron beam wastewater treatment plantfor 10,000 m3/d of textile dyeing waste water with 1 MeV, 400 kWaccelerator.

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Application of Radiation on water/wastewater treatment

-. Wastewater from Textile Dyeing Companies-. Wastewater from Papermill-. Leachate from Sanitary Landfill-. Wastewater containing Heavy metals (Cd,Hg,Pb,Cr+6)-. Re-use of effluent from municipal wastewater plant-. Remediation of contaminated water (PCBs, Explosives)-. Control of Algal Bloom in Lake or Sea-. Contaminated Underground water -. Drinking water


Application of Radiation on water/wastewater treatment

-. Wastewater from Textile Dyeing Companies-. Wastewater from Papermill-. Leachate from Sanitary Landfill-. Wastewater containing Heavy metals (Cd,Hg,Pb,Cr+6)-. Re-use of effluent from municipal wastewater plant-. Remediation of contaminated water (PCBs, Explosives)-. Control of Algal Bloom in Lake or Sea-. Contaminated Underground water -. Drinking water

17Radiation processing of water treatment plant

OntarioCanada(2003)

BostonUSA

(1980)

TakasakiJapan(1991)

DaejeonKorea(1993)

DaeguKorea(2006)

MinskRussia(1980)

St. PetersburgRussia

( 2005 )

ViennaAustria(1995)


MiamiUSA

(1985)

Sao PauloBrazil

(1995)

VoronezhRussia(1985)

MoscowRussia(1990)

TakasakiJapan(1991)

NovosibrirskRussia(1993)

AngarskRussia(1998)

OmskRussia(2000)

ViennaAustria(1995)

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Theories are easy, but practical applications are not easy.

-. Strong competition with conventional technology

-. Hard to move from lab. to commercial scale.

Why e-beam Water Treatment are not widely used ?


Theories are easy, but practical applications are not easy.

-. Strong competition with conventional technology

-. Hard to move from lab. to commercial scale.

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1. Public Acceptance


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2. Regulatory works from Authorities


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3. Economics (competitions with conventional technology)


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Radiation process (e-beam, γ-ray etc.)

can survive only when it has

Technical & Economical advantages

over existing processes.Yongsan-dong 550 Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-500, Korea

only when it hasTechnical & Economical

advantagesover existing processes.

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Radiation processingshould be

Better & Cheaperto other processes.


Better & Cheaperto other processes.

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Capital cost/unit volume

Ozone, UV

O&M cost/unit volume

EB (fixed + variable)

Ozone, UV(fixed + variable)

Ozone, UV(variable only)


Capital cost and Operating cost with the amount of wastewater

Capital cost/unit volume

1,000

EB

5,000 10,000

O&M cost/unit volume

EB (variable only)

1,000 5,000 10,000

Ozone, UV(variable only)

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Amount of wastewater (m3/day)1,000 or less 1,000~10,000 over 10,000

A/S Invest H M LOperation M L L

Ozone Invest M MH HOperation M MH H

Membrane Invest M H HOperation M H H


Membrane Invest M H HOperation M H H

E-beam Invest H M LOperation LM L L

Relative cost for treating lowly-polluted industrial wastewater

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0

5

10

15

20

25

Cents/ton

2,300 23,000 130,000 230,000 380,000 650,000

Plant size (ton/day)

MF/UF

Ozone

UV

EB

참고문헌: 1999 Drinking Water Infrastructure Needs Survey, Modeling the Cost of Infrastructure[EPA 816-R-01-005] February 2001

0

5

10

15

20

25

Cents/ton

2,300 23,000 130,000 230,000 380,000 650,000


MF/UF

Ozone

UV

EB



0

5

10

15

20

25

Cents/ton

2,300 23,000 130,000 230,000 380,000 650,000


MF/UF

Ozone

UV

EB


0

5

10

15

20

25

Cents/ton

2,300 23,000 130,000 230,000 380,000 650,000


MF/UF

Ozone

UV

EB


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4. Laboratory to Commercial Plant(Research to Business)






29Lab. Scale

Experiments(1~50m3/day)

Industrial scaleWastewater Plant

(10,000m3/day)

Pilot scaleExperiments

(500~1,000m3/day)

-. Cost-. Space

-. O & M etc.


-. Cost-. Space

-. O & M etc.

Lab. ScaleExperiments

(1~10,000Nm3/h)

Industrial scaleEBFGT Plant

(~600,000Nm3/h)

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Beam Energy : 0.4~0.7MeV, Beam Power : 20kWSelf-sustaining system : Self-shielded accelerator

Built-in control and monitoring roomDiesel electricity generator (option)

Trailer and Shelter : Fit to U.S. and world standard Total weight : 40 tons (trailer only 30ton)

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Built-in Computerized Experimental & Monitoring System

Continuous Treatment of Wastewater/Flue gas on site

Treatment Capacity : Liquid waste : 500m3/day (at max. 2kGy)

Gaseous waste : 2,000Nm3/h (at max. 15kGy)

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Mobile e-beam in Flue gas Purification from oil-refinery in Saudi Arabia

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5. Socio-Economical aspects







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Basic risks : Lack of safe water, sanitization and hygiene, indoor air pollution, vector-borne diseases, hazards that cause accidents and injuries

Modern risks : unsafe use of chemicals, environmental degradation


Environmental health risk transitions

Low incomePopulationsin poverty

Middle incomePopulationsin transition

High incomeIndustrializedsociety

Engineering risks : climate changes, persistent organic pollutants, endocrine disrupters

Source : Global Environment Outlook (GEO-4) Chapter 7, United Nations

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6. Emerging Applications- POPs (Persistent Organic Chemicals) - Pharmaceutical residues - EDCs (Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals)- Ballast water, Frac. water etc.







6. Emerging Applications- POPs (Persistent Organic Chemicals) - Pharmaceutical residues - EDCs (Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals)- Ballast water, Frac. water etc.

0

500 000

1 000 000

1 500 000

2 000 000

2 500 000

Ibuprofen

Num

ber o

f box

es

20012005

Ibuprofen

• non-steroidal anti- inflammatory drug (NSAID)

• antipyretic and analgesic, e.g. Advil, Algoflex, Nurofen,

Rhinathiol, Ibustar

(RS)-2-[4-(2-methylpropyl)phenyl]propanic acid

OH

O

Courtesy of Erszebet Takacs, Hungary

0

500 000

1 000 000

1 500 000

2 000 000

2 500 000

Ibuprofen

Num

ber o

f box

es

20012005

• non-steroidal anti- inflammatory drug (NSAID)

• antipyretic and analgesic, e.g. Advil, Algoflex, Nurofen,

Rhinathiol, Ibustar

* M. Farré, D. Barceló, Toxicity testing of wastewater and sewage sludge by biosensors, bioassays and chemical analysis, Trends in Analytical Chemistry, Vol. 22, No. 5 (2003)

Applications of radiation chemistry to understand the fate and transport of emerging pollutants of concern in coastal waters by Kimberly Greenwood Jones, 2007

Ibuprofen - reaction with ·OH10-4 mol dm-3 ibuprofen solution, N2O

200 250 300 350 400 4500.0

0.5

1.0

1.5

2.0

Abso

rban

ce

Wavelength, nm

0 kGy

0.25 kGy0.5 kGy

0.75 kGy1.5 kGy

1 kGy

0.0 0.5 1.0 1.50.0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1.0

Rel.

conc

entra

tion

Dose, kGy

UV-VIS

HPLC-diode array detection

Courtesy of Erszebet Takacs, Hungary

200 250 300 350 400 4500.0

0.5

1.0

1.5

2.0

Abso

rban

ce

Wavelength, nm

0 kGy

0.25 kGy0.5 kGy

0.75 kGy1.5 kGy

1 kGy

0.0 0.5 1.0 1.50.0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1.0

Rel.

conc

entra

tion

Dose, kGy

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Endocrine disrupting chemicals may impact a broad range of health effects.


From “Endocrine Disrupters”, NIH

When absorbed in the body, an endocrine disruptor can decrease or increase normal hormone levels (left), mimic the body’s natural hormones (middle), or alter the natural production of hormones (right).

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Ecological creditors and debtors

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EB TECH Co., Ltd.

-. Started as a Research Center of Samsung Heavy Ind. In 1991

-. Development in Industrial Accelerators from 1994

-. Researches on Water/Gas/Sludge treatment with e-beam-. Spin-off from Samsung to establish EB TECH Co. in 2000


-. Started as a Research Center of Samsung Heavy Ind. In 1991

-. Development in Industrial Accelerators from 1994

-. Researches on Water/Gas/Sludge treatment with e-beam

-. Installed over 50 electron accelerators in Korea, China, Singapore, Turkey etc.-. Equipped 9 electron accelerators and several X-ray systems, laboratories -. 6 accelerators in irradiation service (0.5~10MeV) for semi-con, polymer etc.

-. Spin-off from Samsung to establish EB TECH Co. in 2000

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Bring the Scientific Result

(from Radiation Chemistry)into

Industrial Applications


Bring the Scientific Result

(from Radiation Chemistry)into

Industrial Applications

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Electron Accelerator No. 4


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Yongsan-dong 550 Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-500, KoreaInspection

room

Entrance yard

Container

CarrierTrail

er

Shielding door

Detector /

Collimator

Detector /

Collimator

Shielding door Genera

torCollimator

GeneratorCollimat

or

Exit yard

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electron beam water treatment -for better environment...electron beam water treatment-for better...

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