Electron Electric Dipole Moment Experiment in Space

Harvey Gould (LBNL)experiment in collaboration with Jason M. Amini (LBNL & UC Berkeley)Charles T. Munger Jr. (SLAC)

Work Supported by NASA Fundamental Physics Program OBPR and

NIST Precision Measurements GrantNIST

e-EDM website - http://homepage.mac.com/gould137preprint - http://arxiv.org/abs/physics/0602011

R. Mahbubani &L. Senatore

L. Senatore

M. Carena, A.Megevand,M. Quirós, & C.E.M. Wagner

D. Chang, W.-F. Chang, &W.-Y. Keungi

Arkani-Hamed, Dimopoulos, G. F. Giudice & A. Romanino,

K. S. Babu &Ts. Enkhbat

Minimal model for dark matter and unificationPhys. Rev. D73, 43510 (Feb. 2006).

Hierarchy from baryogenesisPhys. Rev. D73, 043513 (Feb. 2006).

Electroweak baryogenesis and new TeV fermionsNucl. Phys. B716, 319 (Apr. 2005).

Electric dipole moment in the split supersymmetry modelsPhys. Rev. D. 71, 076006 (Apr. 2005).

Aspects of Split SupersymmetryNucl. Phys. B 709, 3 (Mar. 2005).

Fermion mass hierarchy and electric dipole momentsNucl. Phys. B. 708, 511 (Dec. 2004).

Recent Calculations Using Different Models Predict Electron EDMs as Large as the Present Experimental Limit

AUTHORS PAPER

arXiv.org Search ResultsThe URL for this search is http://arxiv.org/find/hep-ph/1/AND+OR+abs:+EDM+abs:+EXACT+electric_dipole_moment+abs:+electron/0/1/0/2004,2005,2006/0/1Showing results 1 through 25 (of 28 total) for ((abs:edm OR abs:"electric dipole moment") AND abs:electron)

1. hep-ph/0604126 [abs, ps, pdf, other] : Title: Lepton Flavor Violation in Intersecting D-brane Models Authors: Bhaskar Dutta, Yukihiro Mimura Comments: 22 pages, 5 figures 2. hep-ph/0603246 [abs, ps, pdf, other] : Title: Baryogenesis, Electric Dipole Moments and Dark Matter in the MSSM Authors: Vincenzo Cirigliano, Stefano Profumo, Michael J. Ramsey-Musolf Comments: 31 pages, 10 figures 3. hep-ph/0511241 [abs, ps, pdf, other] : Title: The effect of the localization of new Higgs scalars on the electric dipole moments of charged leptons, in the split fermion scenario, in the two Higgs doublet model Authors: Erhan Onur Iltan Comments: 18 pages, 7 figures 4. hep-ph/0511072 [abs, ps, pdf, other] : Title: The Higgs Sector and electron electric dipole moment in next-to-minimal su-persymmetry with explicit CP violation Authors: Muge Boz Comments: 20 pages, 16 figures Journal-ref: Mod.Phys.Lett. A21 (2006) 243-264 5. hep-ph/0509228 [abs, ps, pdf, other] : Title: Large evolution of the bilinear Higgs coupling parameter in SUSY models and reduc-tion of phase sensitivity Authors: Utpal Chattopadhyay (IACS, Kolkata), Debajyoti Choudhury (Delhi University), Debottam Das (IACS, Kolkata) Comments: Version to appear in Phys.Rev.D. Insignificant changes like a few typos corrected. 26 pages, 7 figures, La Tex Journal-ref: Phys.Rev. D72 (2005) 09501

6. hep-ph/0508311 [abs, ps, pdf, other] : Title: Enhancement of "CP-odd" Higgs Boson Production in the Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model with Explicit CP Violation Authors: Qing-Hong Cao, Daisuke Nomura, Kazuhiro Tobe, C.-P. Yuan Comments: 13 pages, 3 figures Journal-ref: Phys.Lett. B632 (2006) 688-694 7. hep-ph/0508236 [abs, ps, pdf, other] : Title: Can Measurements of Electric Dipole Moments Determine the Seesaw Parameters? Authors: D. Demir, Y. Farzan Comments: 26 pages, 9 figures; added references Journal-ref: JHEP 0510 (2005) 068 8. hep-ph/0508135 [abs, ps, pdf, other] : Title: Neutron-Electron EDM Correlations in Supersymmetry and Prospects for EDM Searches Authors: S. Abel, O. Lebedev Comments: 16 pages,12 figures. To appear in JHEP. A note on stability of the correlations added in Conclusions; refs. and footnotes added Journal-ref: JHEP 0601 (2006) 133 9. hep-ph/0508076 [abs, ps, pdf, other] : Title: An Effective Operators Analysis of Leptonic CP Violation : Bridging High and Low Energy Processes Authors: We-Fu Chang (Academia Sinica, Taiwan), John N. Ng (TRIUMF) Comments: 16 pages, 9 figures, discussion on dipole operator and reference added Journal-ref: JHEP 0510 (2005) 091 10. hep-ph/0506106 [abs, ps, pdf, other] : Title: CP-odd Phase Correlations and Electric Dipole Moments Authors: Keith A. Olive, Maxim Pospelov, Adam Ritz, Yudi Santoso Comments: 31 pages, 21 eps figures; v2: additional remarks on 2-loop threshold corrections and references added; v3: typos corrected, to appear in Phys. Rev. D Journal-ref: Phys.Rev. D72 (2005) 075001

11. hep-ph/0503116 [abs, ps, pdf, other] : Title: Signals for CP Violation in Split Supersymmetry Authors: N.G. Deshpande, J. Jiang Comments: 14 pages, 4 figures; typos corrected, version submitted to PLB Journal-ref: Phys.Lett. B615 (2005) 111-119 12. hep-ph/0501236 [abs, ps, pdf, other] : Title: Nucleon Edm from Atomic Systems and Constraints on Supersymmetry Parameters Authors: Sachiko Oshima (TIT), Takeshi Nihei, Takehisa Fujita (Nihon U.) Comments: 10 pages, 7 figure files Journal-ref: J.Phys.Soc.Jap. 74 (2005) 2480 13. hep-ph/0412264 [abs, ps, pdf, other] : Title: The Supersymmetric Origin of Matter Authors: C. Balazs, M. Carena, A. Menon, D.E. Morrissey, C.E.M. Wagner Comments: 30 pages, 14 figures Journal-ref: Phys.Rev. D71 (2005) 075002 14. gr-qc/0412064 [abs, ps, pdf, other] : Title: Gravitationally induced electromagnetism at the Compton scale Authors: Kjell Rosquist Comments: 11 pages, 3 figures: revised version published in Class. Quantum Grav. 23 (2006) 3111-3122; Conclusions unchanged 15. hep-ph/0410200 [abs, ps, pdf, other] : Title: Tying in CP and Flavor Violations with Fermion Masses and Neutrino Oscillations Authors: K. S. Babu, Jogesh C. Pati, Parul Rastogi Comments: 37 pages; New references added on the theoretical calculations of epsilon-prime/epsilon; some typos cor-rected and some comments added Journal-ref: Phys.Rev. D71 (2005) 015005

16. hep-ph/0408083 [abs, ps, pdf, other] : Title: Transverse beam polarization and limits on leptoquark couplings in e+e- --> t tbar Authors: Saurabh D. Rindani Comments: 13 pages latex, with 6 figures included. Revised version corrects minor error. Latest version corrects minor errors, to appear in Phys. Lett. B Journal-ref: Phys.Lett. B602 (2004) 97-104 17. hep-ph/0407220 [abs, ps, pdf, other] : Title: Neutrino Masses: Shedding Light on Unification and Our Origin Authors: Jogesh C. Pati Comments: An interesting remark by C. N. Yang on his long-held belief in massless neutrinos is added. Some new ref-erences on string-derivation of the G(224) symmetry are cited, and some typographical corrections are made 18. hep-ph/0403054 [abs, ps, pdf, other] : Title: Systematic study of the impact of CP-violating phases of the MSSM on leptonic high-energy observables Authors: Seong Youl Choi, Manuel Drees, Benedikt Gaissmaier Comments: 56 pages, 14 figures; a few typos corrected Journal-ref: Phys.Rev. D70 (2004) 014010

hep-ph/0510213 [abs, ps, pdf, other] : Title: Theory of Neutrinos: A White Paper Authors: R.N. Mohapatra, S. Antusch, K.S. Babu, G. Barenboim, M.-C. Chen, S. Davidson, A. de Gouvea, P. de Holanda, B. Dutta, Y. Grossman, A. Joshipura, B. Kayser, J. Kersten, Y.Y. Keum, S.F. King, P. Langacker, M. Lindner, W. Loinaz, I. Masina, I. Mocioiu, S. Mohanty, H. Murayama, S. Pascoli, S.T. Petcov, A. Pilaftsis, P. Ramond, M. Ratz, W. Ro-dejohann, R. Shrock, T. Takeuchi, T. Underwood, L. Wolfenstein Comments: 143 pages, many figures, v2 references corrected, very minor modifications to the text

1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 201010 -50

10 -48

10 -46

10 -44

10 -42

Year

e–ED

M li

mit

(C-m

)*

TlF

YbF

TlF

GdFeGarHg cell

Cs cell

Cs proto. fountain

Cs

Cs

Cs

Cs Tl

Xe

TlTl

Tl

key

atomic beam or fountainother methods

Experimental limit to e-EDM

unexplored

* 1 C-m = 1 J/(V/cm) = 1.6 x 10-21 e-cm

Motional Magnetic Field Systematic

- cancellation of velocity v < 3 mm/s,- narrow instr. linewidth can Stark Split |mF|- electric field quantization ∝ mF2 E2

- no first order motional systematic

reduces to 10-52 C-m

Bmot = v X E / c2 mimics EDM if any external magnetic field lies along Bmot

Fountain -

mF2 + 20 (gµ)3 Bmot Bperp B||

(4mF2 -1) (α E2)2Wsys ≈

≤ 20 pT ( < 0.1 Hz)≤ 0.5 pT ( < 0.00 2 Hz)

34 Hz

Wsys

B

E (MV/m)

mF

0

kHz 0

0.5

-0.510 20

7γ

+-4

+-3+-2+-10

mF

focusing

trap,launch,& cool

glass electrodes

magnetic nulling coils

glass vacuumchamber

state manipulation

e-EDM fountain

apparatus lo

ts o

f mag

netic

shi

eldi

ng

0 20 40 60 8042

024

z (cm)

x (m

m)

y (m

m)

D F D0

Focusing a fountain of neutral cesium atoms with an electrostatic lens triplet

Kalnins, Amini & Gould PRA 72 043406 (2005)

Sensitivity (counting time)

Shift from a 2× 10−50 C-m e-EDM

∆f =2RE∆mF

hF2× 10−50 = 1.6× 10−7Hz

R = 114;E = 13.5MV/m;∆mF = 7 (change in z projection)

Counting Time

∆f ≈ ∆ν(nt)−1/2

∆ν = 1 Hz;n = 4× 107 s−1

gives t = 270 hours of counting.

1

magneto-optictrap

laser beams(one of 6)

statepreparation

electricfield

state analysis

detection

z

xy

magneticshielding

(a) (b) (c)

Apparatus

Demonstration Cs Fountain e-EDM Experiment

J. M. Amini, C. T. Munger Jr. & H. Gouldhttp://arxiv.org/abs/physics/0602011

4000

5500

7000

shift (V)no

rmal

ized

cou

nts mF = +4

mF = –4

4000

5500

7000 – E+ E

–4 –2 0 2 4

4000

5500

7000 + π/4– π/4

(a)

(b)

(c)

Demonstration Cs Fountain e-EDM Experiment

1.0

0.5

0rela

tive

ampl

itude

0 2-2 -1-3 1 3applied field (nT)

Resonance scan atoms remaining in initial state

reversals of electric field, initial state, and mixing phase

1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 201010 -50

10 -48

10 -46

10 -44

10 -42

Year

e–ED

M li

mit

(C-m

)*

TlF

YbF

TlF

GdFeGarHg cell

Cs cell

Cs proto. fountain

Cs

Cs

Cs

Cs Tl

Xe

TlTl

Tl

key

atomic beam or fountainother methods

Experimental limit to e-EDM

unexplored

* 1 C-m = 1 J/(V/cm) = 1.6 x 10-21 e-cm

Plans, Ideas, and Dreams

Plan: Ground based Cs fountain to reach 2 x 10-50 C-m

Idea:Francium microgravity e-EDM

Dream:Paramagnetic polar molecules in storage ring

electrostaticfocusing

glass electrodes

magnetic nulling &oscillatory coils

state prep/detect.

magneticshielding

slow atoms reflect

Francium microgravity e-EDM experiment (2006)

atom recoverylaser

Cold Fr g

enera

tor

Cold Fr a

ccumula

tor

229Th

Polar paramagnetic molecules can have large internal E field

DifficultiesLow detection efficiencyLow state populationDifficult to produce Difficult to cool Systematics?

Slow molecules↓ Motional mag.fields↑ Coherence time↑ Detection↑ Cooling↓↓ Intensity

Storage↑↑ Intensity↓ Background

e-EDM experiments with molecules

Possible Solutions

Nishimura, Lambertson, Kalnins & Gould, Europhysics J. D31, 359 (2004) [physics/0603128]

Storage ring for polar molecules in strong-field-seeking states

0 1 2

Q1

Q2Q3

bend

buncher

(m)

injectiondebuncher

(30 m

/s)

injection bend Laboratory

Gravity limits minimum velocity and coherence time

MicrogravityLow velocity and long coherence timeWorks for polar mol and cold atomsLaptop size for low velocitiesOther uses?