electronic imaging fundamentals: biscuits
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Electronic Imaging Fundamentals: BISCUITS. July 2008. “..any sufficiently advanced technology is indistinguishable from magic.” Arthur C. Clark. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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Electronic Imaging Fundamentals: BISCUITS
“..any sufficiently advanced technology is indistinguishable from magic.” Arthur C. Clark
July 2008
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Background: Quality control is of major importance in the food industry. Inspection of the biscuit by human inspectors prone to short and long term variations.An automated biscuit inspection system using cameras is proposed.
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Requirement: Provide image analysis technology linked to a camera to measure biscuit size / thickness / colour / shape and filling.ALARM when measurement obtained is outside SPEC, allowing biscuit to be rejected.
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Why do Image Analysis?
Better Definition of Contrasting Areas Improved Precision/Accuracy in Measurements Reproducibility of Results Higher Throughput than Manual Methods
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A Word About Our Eyes Eyes are very good contrast adjusters, but
not good for distinguishing subtle variations in color
Eyes can discern about 30 continuous levels of gray or color in a field of view
Eyes are not good judges of distance Eyes cannot accurately reproduce
measurements
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Which is BIGGER / LONGER???
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Electronic Imaging Fundamentals
AcquireProcessIdentify AnalyzeReport
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Arguably, the most important aspect of all Proper setup of imaging apparatus is vital Obtain maximum contrast and dynamic range Reduce “noise” and other unwanted artifacts Uniform lighting (light) Product presentation (right way up) Speed (CCTV VS DIGITAL)
Acquiring the Image
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Slide 9
www.I-Cube.co.za
Lens
Image sensor Digitizing Pre-processing
Timing Interface
PLC
Cat-5e Ethernet cable up to 100 m
Local I/Os:- Trigger input- Results output
Illumination control
Image ProcessingIn PC
Illumination
(Lens Iris Video)
Power
Acquire
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Calibration
Size (length, width) Colour (filling; biscuit) Combinations of the above
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Site visit:2 cameras per lane
1 for filling, 1 for breakages10-15 biscuits per second
10 cm working areaConcern of cream on lens?
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Thresholding an Image Select appropriate morphometric characteristics
Identify regions of interest to analyse
Mask regions
ColourSizeShapeIntensity
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Damaged Biscuits
Recorded Rejected % allowed % to alarm % to turn off machine
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NEXT STEP: 2 Options Option 1: Order System 3 Payment Options:
Capital (+- R 45 000.00 per line) Rental per Month (+-R 8 000.00) Cost per Biscuit (0.08 c)
Option 2: Consulting @ R 7 500.00 to prove above costs