Elementary Science Countdown to the

TAKSEarth Science Part 1 – Land

ByAnnette Venegas

Created in cooperation with Education Science Specialists, Region 20

Modified by: C. Horejsi5th Grade Science

Winston Elementary

Earth Science

earth’s physical features, how they form, and how they change over time.

Highlights of Earth Science

–Earth’s structures & materials

–Earth processes–The past vs. the present–Systems and cycles that help shape the surface of the earth.

Earth’s Structure and Materials

– What are the different types of soils and their properties?

– Why are rocks and minerals so important to us on earth?

– What is the significance of the gases found on earth?

– What is the significance of water on earth and role does it play?

Layers of the Earth

Layers of the Earth

Crust

Inn

er C

ore

So

lid ir

on

Mantle

Outer Core Liquid Iro

n

Soil Types

Silt-fine, rich ingredients, moved from some other place

Sand-grainy, mixture Potting Soil – Large particles

Clay- tiny particles, retains moisture

Sedimentary Layers

Loam is a mixture of

Clay, Silt, & Sand

Soil’s place in a Food Web

Earth’s Resources

S.H.E.L.S Fossil Fuels S.O.W.

PANDA & Minerals

Rocks can be RECYCLEDMinerals are NONRENEWABLE

The Process and the Outcome (Is it constructive or

Destructive)

Construct…Constructive…Construction

to build or build up

Destruct…Destructive…Destruction

to destroy or tear down

Constructive – build up of sand

Destructive – wearing away

Destructive – wearing away

Destructive – wearing away

Physical Features - Landforms

Physical Features - Landforms

Mountains

Plateau

Name them…

Glaciers

Valley A valley in a roof top

Physical Features - Landforms

Beaches

Rivers

Islands

Physical Features - Landforms

Deltas

Sedimentary deposits creating a fan shape delta of rich soil.

Physical Features - Landforms

The Grand Canyon

OceansVolcanoes

Plate TectonicsWhat events take

place to cause:– Earthquakes– Mountains– Volcanoes– Ridges

Plate TectonicsThe plates may separate, push against each other, or one slip under the other plate.

Events in the “Past”

• Resources, their origins, and how we classify them.

• Layers of soil, rocks, and minerals.

• Types of fossils, rocks, tree rings and other ways we can investigate “what happened before”.

Significance of Fossils

They can “talk” to us and tell us about the

Earth’s history.

Significance of Tree Rings!

Count the rings & tell the trees

age…look

at the damage to the rings and know the past…

Sedimentary Rock Layers

Which layer is the oldest?

Energy from the Sun• The Sun provides Earth with most of its

energy that powers various activities on the planet.– Food Webs (flow of energy)– Growth of plants (photosynthesis)– The Water cycle (drives the cycle)– Creation of winds– Weather

•These are all driven by energy from the Sun.

Patterns and Cycles of Change

WaterCycle

Patterns and Cycles of Change

Nitrogen Cycle

Patterns and Cycles of Change

Nitrogen Cycle

Patterns and Cycles of Change

Carbon Cycle

FACTS TO KNOW

24 hours in a day – One Rotation of Earth

29.5 days in a Lunar Month (about a calendar month) – the moon’s revolution around EARTH - 28 days is often used

365 days in 1 year - Earth’s Revolution around the SUN

An orbit is the elliptical PATH an object or planet takes as it

revolves around a celestial object

The seasons are cause by the TILT of the Earth on its axis; Spring, Summer, Fall, Winter

Review this power point often and gain a true understanding of

Earth & Space Science