elmo case study, e-mobility conference, budapest 17. march 2015
TRANSCRIPT
BUILDING THE INFRASTRUCTURE FOR E-‐MOBILITY CASE STUDY: ELMO PROJECT IN ESTONIA by Jarmo Tuisk
INTRODUCTION Jarmo Tuisk
• E-‐Mobility Solu<ons Director, NOW! Innova<ons since 2013 • Head of ELMO programme, KredEx 2012-‐2013 • Head of Innova<on Division, Ministry of Economic Affaris and Communica<ons 2010-‐2012
TOPICS • Background of ELMO programme • Major milestones of infrastructure development • Planning • LocaNons • OperaNonal model • PreparaNon and installaNon • Launch • Lessons learned
BACKGROUND AND SCOPE OF ELMO PROGRAMME
§ Started: March 2011
§ Fully financed by CO2 quota sales to Mitsubishi CorporaNon
§ Governed by the Ministry of Economic Affairs and CommunicaNons and Ministry of Social Affairs
§ Implemented by KredEx
Advanced charging
infrastructure
EV Grants
Awareness raising
EV car sharing
507 social workers’ EVs
TIMELINE OF INFRASTRUCTURE DEPLOYMENT
Building permits
Q2 2011 Q3 2011 Q4 2011 Q1 2012 Q2 2012 Q3 2012 Q4 2012 Q1 2013
Guidelines
Tech. Spec.
Electricity projects
LocaNons
InstallaNon
Procurement for turn-‐key soluNon for chargers, backend and support service
1st charger installed
Service tesNng period
Service launch
KEY QUESTIONS
• What are the EV recharging use cases? • What charging technology is available? • What are the service expectaNons? • What kind of IT infrastructure do we need? • Where should we put the chargers? • How is it possible to complete the project during 18 months?
PRINCIPAL DECISIONS
• ELMO was to become a “public safety network” to address a range anxiety.
• We needed a single operator/centrally managed business structure for the countrywide network.
• We procured a full soluNon, including IT Plaborm and the support service, from a consorNum to minimizes the risks of technological incompaNbility.
POSSIBLE CHARGING USE CASES
Public/shared charger
Dedicated charger
Planned charging
Unplanned charging
Daily home charging
Daily office charging
RouNne shared charging
Travel charging
Emergency charging
3 MAIN USE CASES FOR ELMO CHARGING NETWORK
• LocaNons hard to predict • Cover the main daily driving routes Emergency charging
• LocaNons easier to predict • Follow the daily rouNnes
Shared rouNne charging
• LocaNons easier to predict • Emphasize tourist routes Travel charging
CHOOSING THE CHARGING TECHNOLOGY
USE CASES AND TECHNOLOGY OPTIONS
Daily home charging
Daily office charging
RouNne shared charging
Travel charging
Emergency charging
AC Normal 6-‐8h
AC Fast 2-‐4h
DC superfast ~30min
YES
YES
Maybe
NO
NO
Maybe
Maybe
Maybe
YES
Maybe
NO
NO
YES
YES
YES
“FOLLOW THE CARS”, SITUATION IN 2011
Mitsubish i-‐Miev CHADEMO AC SLOW
Nissan Leaf CHADEMO AC SLOW
Renault Fluence BATTERY SWAP
AC SLOW
We evaluated the EV market, cars to come to Estonian market and available charging “standards”.
DECISION: First in the world dual-‐chargers (AC+DC)
We decided to use CHAdeMO DC standard, but we also wanted to future-‐proof our staNons by including AC (up to 22kW) with Mennekes outlet.
CHOOSING THE IT SOLUTION
KEY QUESTIONS IN THE COMMERCIAL MODEL
WHAT DO WE SELL?
HOW DO WE SELL IT?
HOW DO WE GET THE MONEY?
Business models can change over Nme, PLATFORMS ARE HARD CHANGE. Therefore FLEXIBILITY is the KEY requirement.
FREE CHARGING Good for EV promo<on BUT to set grounds for the sustainability of the infrastructure you need to introduce COMMERCIAL SERVICE.
WHAT DO WE SELL? REQUIREMENTS FOR THE BILLING AND PAYMENT SOLUTION
PRICING FLEXIBILITY • kWh based pricing • Session based pricing • Time based pricing • SubscripNon based pricing TRANSACTION CONTROL • Authorized sessions • kWh-‐based limits • Money based limits
HOW DO WE SELL IT? REQUIREMENTS FOR THE BILLING AND PAYMENT SOLUTION
SELF-‐SERVICE • On-‐line registraNon • In app registraNon AUTOMATED APPROACH • Start charging with mobile phone • Start charging with RFID-‐card MULTIPLE BILLING OPTIONS • Pre-‐paid accounts • Pay-‐as-‐you-‐go • Post-‐paid
HOW TO GET THE MONEY?
CREDIT/DEBIT CARD TERMINAL • Adds hardware costs • Adds maintenance costs 50-‐20EUR per charger per month • Transac<on costs 2-‐3% of sum, fixed minimum 0.2-‐0.5EUR + SYSTEM CERTIFICATION COSTS
CASHLESS PAYMENTS
• NO ADDITIONAL HARDWARE COSTS • NO ADDITIONAL MAINTENANCE • NO TRANSACTION FEES WITH E-‐INVOICES
HOW TO GET THE MONEY? REQUIREMENTS FOR THE BILLING AND PAYMENT SOLUTION
MULTIPLE CASHLESS PAYMENT OPTIONS • Post-‐paid (internet bank payments) • Credit cards • PayPal integraNon
HOW TO GET THE NATION WIDE COVERAGE?
LOCATION IS EVERYTHING!
Why are the loca<ons important? • Hard to secure them • Difficult to change them later • Your business is directly dependent on whether you choose the right spot in a city or on the road
WE CREATED SOME SIMPLE RULES
• No more than 50-‐60 km between quick chargers along the main roads • 1 quick charger for towns with more than 3 000 inhabitants • Almost all Estonian towns are covered because somebody (will) drives an EV there soon • Ca. 1 quick charger per 10 000 inhabitants in ciNes with more than 10 000 inhabitants
PROCESS OF OBTAINING LOCATIONS
CALL FOR INTEREST 3-‐ROUNDS: • Roadsides • CiNes • Smaller locaNons CRITERIA BASED EVALUATION
TARGET LIST BASED NEGOTIATIONS • Prepared target locaNons • NegoNaNons led by a real-‐estate agency • Support from municipaliNes
HOW TO SET UP OPERATIONS?
Private operator, selected by KredEx for 5 years
Owned by KredEx
OPERATING MODEL Assets
Services
Quick chargers Network
management system
LocaNons for chargers
High power grid
connecNons
Intellectual property
Charger control and maintenance
Business operaNons
Customer support
Security services
Asset management
KredEx selected a private operator to run the charging network for 5 years. Operator is moNvated with a service fee. NO profit from energy sales during the iniNal 5 years.
Opera<ng structure
Partners
Main outsourcing partner
Owner and manager KredEx
ABB Estonia
ABB Netherlands
(quick chargers)
G4S (CRM services)
Now! InnovaNons (IT plaborm)
GROUND-‐WORKS, SERVICE SET-‐UP AND LAUNCH
GROUND-‐WORKS
• Elektritsentrum prepared the locaNons • groundwork • cables from connecNon points • foundaNons for QCs • ABB installed and set up the chargers • Amazing speed of installaNon • Building started in September 2012 • The network was completed by the end of January 2013
BEHIND THE SCENES: SERVICE SET-‐UP
• Training of the customer support teams • Development of business rouNnes • Analysis of early staNsNcs to model pricing packages • Conclusion of the electricity purchase contacts • Development of the legal side of the service • Sepng up the pricing • TesNng IT soluNon • Managing media relaNons • Informing potenNal customers of network status • Etc. etc. etc.
LAUNCH PLAN
• Gradual launch – commission the chargers ASAP • Free charging unNl the end of January 2013 • IntroducNon of future pricing schemes in late November 2012 • Customers were able to sign up for the service since December 2012 • Early January 2013 “authenNcaNon mode” switched on • Since February 2013 full service launch, including billing and payments
USAGE, LESSONS LEARNED, IDEAS FOR THE FUTURE
GROWTH OF EV SALES AND INFRASTRUCTURE USAGE IN ESTONIA
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
1400
NEW REG.
TOTAL
REGISTERED EV’S IN ESTONIA
DATA: ESTONIAN ROAD AUTHORITY, FEB 2015
CHARGING SESSIONS IN THE NETWORK
DATA: KREDEX, JAN 2015
MANAGING A COMPLEX PROGRAM
Infrastructure deployment is a complex program and needs a programme manager and/or management team to align mulNple simultaneous sub-‐projects.
TURN-‐KEY SOLUTIONS REDUCE RISKS
An experienced consorNum and technical compaNbility reduce technological and procedural risks during the deployment phase. Time-‐to-‐market is also substanNally decreased.
COMMERCIAL ENTERPRISE OR PART OF THE NATIONAL ROAD INFRASTRUCTURE?
Aser 2 years of operaNons: city chargers (especially near shopping centres) could be considered commercially viable. However, road-‐side and rural chargers need to be a part of a naNonal road structure unNl higher EV penetraNons.
WHAT COULD HAVE BEEN DONE DIFFERENTLY TODAY ?
FUNDING AND INVESTMENTS
TECHNOLOGY CHOICES
DEPLOYMENT OPERATIONS
Be open to engage private investors even if they want to invest only into 1-‐5 chargers.
Go for 3-‐arm charger (AC, DC, CCS). NaNonal roaming or mulN-‐partner IT plaborm.
Bundle more quick chargers to good locaNons – reduce locaNon costs.
Engage privately owned chargers into the network through opNons to share cost of service set-‐up. Prepare to open the network for private operators.
… AND WHAT NOT?
FUNDING AND INVESTMENTS
TECHNOLOGY CHOICES
DEPLOYMENT OPERATIONS
Government should be ready to self-‐finance minimum coverage even if private investors are hesitant.
Flexible IT billing plaborm. Cashless payments.
For cost saving and speed – a turn-‐key soluNon in asset development: • LocaNons • connecNons • chargers • IT-‐plaborms
Ensure good service level for first years (2-‐3 y) by centrally financing it or giving out the concession.
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Thank you! JARMO TUISK Director, electric mobility soluNons
Mob: +372 52 01443 Office: +372 6 023 046 Skype: jarmotuisk [email protected] www.nowinnovaNons.com