ema - home | spdc · 2013-05-24 · • sae technical committee ae-2 lightning all facets of...
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: EMA - Home | SPDC · 2013-05-24 · • SAE Technical Committee AE-2 Lightning All facets of aircraft lightning strikes and its effects on aircraft-design, testing, measurement, procedures,](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022040917/5e9126ae4edfb5164c7a71bc/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
ELECTRO MAGNETICAPPLICATIONS, INCEMA
Full Wave EM Simulation forLightning Protection
Tim McDonald, [email protected]
Phone: +1 (303) 324-7532www.ema3d.com
1
![Page 2: EMA - Home | SPDC · 2013-05-24 · • SAE Technical Committee AE-2 Lightning All facets of aircraft lightning strikes and its effects on aircraft-design, testing, measurement, procedures,](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022040917/5e9126ae4edfb5164c7a71bc/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
ELECTRO MAGNETICAPPLICATIONS, INCEMA
Electro Magnetic Applications, Inc.
• Electromagnetic environmental effects simulation andtesting since 1978
• Rod Perala, president, has been with EMA since 1978• Commercial software development and consulting
2
![Page 3: EMA - Home | SPDC · 2013-05-24 · • SAE Technical Committee AE-2 Lightning All facets of aircraft lightning strikes and its effects on aircraft-design, testing, measurement, procedures,](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022040917/5e9126ae4edfb5164c7a71bc/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
ELECTRO MAGNETICAPPLICATIONS, INCEMA
• Over 30 years of softwaredevelopment, consulting,contract R&D
• Lightning Testing
• ESD
• EMC/EMI• Measurement and
Simulation
• F-14, F-18, Pershing II,Space Shuttle, Sikorsky,GPS Multipath, Cargo Lifter
EMA History
3
![Page 4: EMA - Home | SPDC · 2013-05-24 · • SAE Technical Committee AE-2 Lightning All facets of aircraft lightning strikes and its effects on aircraft-design, testing, measurement, procedures,](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022040917/5e9126ae4edfb5164c7a71bc/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
ELECTRO MAGNETICAPPLICATIONS, INCEMA
Lightning Testing: Space ShuttleSolid Rocket Booster (SRB)
• EMA designed testgenerators and facilitybuilt in Wendover,Utah
• Tested several SRBcomponents
• Photo shows testing offirst stage
4
![Page 5: EMA - Home | SPDC · 2013-05-24 · • SAE Technical Committee AE-2 Lightning All facets of aircraft lightning strikes and its effects on aircraft-design, testing, measurement, procedures,](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022040917/5e9126ae4edfb5164c7a71bc/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
ELECTRO MAGNETICAPPLICATIONS, INCEMA
Lightning Test Facility inWendover, Utah
• Wire gridpeakingcapacitor
• 1 million voltMarxgenerator
• 500 KAcurrent bank
5
![Page 6: EMA - Home | SPDC · 2013-05-24 · • SAE Technical Committee AE-2 Lightning All facets of aircraft lightning strikes and its effects on aircraft-design, testing, measurement, procedures,](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022040917/5e9126ae4edfb5164c7a71bc/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
ELECTRO MAGNETICAPPLICATIONS, INCEMA
Static Electricity:Charging of Aircraft by Dust
• Iraqi dust storm• P-Static effects on
aircraft electronicsystems have beenobserved
• EMA• Developed a description of
the dust environment
• Determined charging ratesof dust on aircraft bymeasurement
• Determined dischargecurrents by analysis andmeasurements
6
![Page 7: EMA - Home | SPDC · 2013-05-24 · • SAE Technical Committee AE-2 Lightning All facets of aircraft lightning strikes and its effects on aircraft-design, testing, measurement, procedures,](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022040917/5e9126ae4edfb5164c7a71bc/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
ELECTRO MAGNETICAPPLICATIONS, INCEMA
Measurement of Dust Charging ofAircraft Surface Materials
Example test setup Illumination of test sample
7
![Page 8: EMA - Home | SPDC · 2013-05-24 · • SAE Technical Committee AE-2 Lightning All facets of aircraft lightning strikes and its effects on aircraft-design, testing, measurement, procedures,](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022040917/5e9126ae4edfb5164c7a71bc/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
ELECTRO MAGNETICAPPLICATIONS, INCEMA
Design and Simulation of AnechoicChambers (Lehman Chambers)
Combination of carbon loadedpyramids and ferrite tiles
8
![Page 9: EMA - Home | SPDC · 2013-05-24 · • SAE Technical Committee AE-2 Lightning All facets of aircraft lightning strikes and its effects on aircraft-design, testing, measurement, procedures,](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022040917/5e9126ae4edfb5164c7a71bc/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
ELECTRO MAGNETICAPPLICATIONS, INCEMA
Anechoic Chambers: Comparison ofMeasured and Computed Results
9
![Page 10: EMA - Home | SPDC · 2013-05-24 · • SAE Technical Committee AE-2 Lightning All facets of aircraft lightning strikes and its effects on aircraft-design, testing, measurement, procedures,](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022040917/5e9126ae4edfb5164c7a71bc/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
ELECTRO MAGNETICAPPLICATIONS, INCEMA
10
Triggered Lightning Simulation on 265mlong Airship
Lightning protectionstrips
![Page 11: EMA - Home | SPDC · 2013-05-24 · • SAE Technical Committee AE-2 Lightning All facets of aircraft lightning strikes and its effects on aircraft-design, testing, measurement, procedures,](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022040917/5e9126ae4edfb5164c7a71bc/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
ELECTRO MAGNETICAPPLICATIONS, INCEMA
11
.mkV10axE
Electric Field Enhancement FactorsAxial Field
90 kV/m
![Page 12: EMA - Home | SPDC · 2013-05-24 · • SAE Technical Committee AE-2 Lightning All facets of aircraft lightning strikes and its effects on aircraft-design, testing, measurement, procedures,](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022040917/5e9126ae4edfb5164c7a71bc/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
ELECTRO MAGNETICAPPLICATIONS, INCEMA
Pershing II Accident Investigation
• In 1985, a PII caught fireduring assembly on its mobilelauncher in Germany
• EMA determined the cause tobe static charging of motorcase while inside its steelshipping canister
• An external static dischargeinduced a discharge insidethe propellant with theKevlar motor case
• Demonstrated by extensiveanalysis and full scale testing
12
![Page 13: EMA - Home | SPDC · 2013-05-24 · • SAE Technical Committee AE-2 Lightning All facets of aircraft lightning strikes and its effects on aircraft-design, testing, measurement, procedures,](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022040917/5e9126ae4edfb5164c7a71bc/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
ELECTRO MAGNETICAPPLICATIONS, INCEMA
Railroad EM Effects• In 1997, EMA first became involved
in railroad electromagnetic effects• Lightning protection of railroad
signal systemsFaraday cage implementation inside
bungalowsDevelopment of a new arrester
• Interference of power lines withrailroad signal systems
13
![Page 14: EMA - Home | SPDC · 2013-05-24 · • SAE Technical Committee AE-2 Lightning All facets of aircraft lightning strikes and its effects on aircraft-design, testing, measurement, procedures,](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022040917/5e9126ae4edfb5164c7a71bc/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
ELECTRO MAGNETICAPPLICATIONS, INCEMA
Civilian Aviation and Emerging TechnologiesEMA has worked on lightning, HEMP, and HIRF qualification ofcivilian aircraft as well as supporting internal prime contractor andgovernment R&D.
EMA TodayLockheed Martin’s Orion EM TeamLightning and space plasma charging effects for returning humansto space beyond low earth orbit.
GMD Ground Based Interceptor TeamMember of incumbent GMD team working on GBI upgradeand maintenance through its lifecycle.
Worldwide Software Sales and TrainingEMA has successful software sales worldwide aiding E3 and EMCengineers in aerospace, maritime, and automotive applications.
14
![Page 15: EMA - Home | SPDC · 2013-05-24 · • SAE Technical Committee AE-2 Lightning All facets of aircraft lightning strikes and its effects on aircraft-design, testing, measurement, procedures,](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022040917/5e9126ae4edfb5164c7a71bc/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
ELECTRO MAGNETICAPPLICATIONS, INCEMA
Active Certification/Design Projects(Lightning)
• Super Medium Helicopter
• Regional Jet
• Midsize Business Jet• Two Narrow-body, Medium-
range Jet Airliners (1 active, 1 innegotiation)
• Missile Defense Agency Rocket
• Orion NASA Crew Vehicle
• Low-wing Turboprop Trainer
15
![Page 16: EMA - Home | SPDC · 2013-05-24 · • SAE Technical Committee AE-2 Lightning All facets of aircraft lightning strikes and its effects on aircraft-design, testing, measurement, procedures,](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022040917/5e9126ae4edfb5164c7a71bc/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
ELECTRO MAGNETICAPPLICATIONS, INCEMA
EMA Committee Participation
• SAE Technical Committee AE-2 Lightning All facets of aircraft lightning strikes and its effects on aircraft-design, testing, measurement,
procedures, and in-service experience. Rod Perala was on the SAE AE2 from 1981 to 2001, where he helped to develop lightning
qualification waveforms and standards that are in use today. Since 2001, Greg Rigden of EMA has been on the committee and is chairman of the
environment subcommittee to update the lightning environment standards to conform to newresearch results.
• SAE Technical Committee AE-4R HIRF All facets of HIRF effects on aircraft-design, testing, measurement, procedures, and in-service
experience. Rod Perala was on the SAE AE4R from its beginning in about 1986 until about 1996. This committee developed the original environments and certification approaches and test
methods for HIRF certification. EMA also did some specialty tasks for the FAA related to HIRF risk assessment, which resulted
in some FAA technical reports.
16
![Page 17: EMA - Home | SPDC · 2013-05-24 · • SAE Technical Committee AE-2 Lightning All facets of aircraft lightning strikes and its effects on aircraft-design, testing, measurement, procedures,](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022040917/5e9126ae4edfb5164c7a71bc/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
ELECTRO MAGNETICAPPLICATIONS, INCEMA
The Lightning Problem
• Design Phase: Need analysis to support system designbefore any testable prototypes exist.
• Certification Phase: Need an experimentally validatedmodel to reduce test costs and ensure viability in allpossible scenarios.
17
![Page 18: EMA - Home | SPDC · 2013-05-24 · • SAE Technical Committee AE-2 Lightning All facets of aircraft lightning strikes and its effects on aircraft-design, testing, measurement, procedures,](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022040917/5e9126ae4edfb5164c7a71bc/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
ELECTRO MAGNETICAPPLICATIONS, INCEMA
The Lightning Problem
• The lightning levels are specified for the entiresystem
• There are no test levels for individual elements• Lightning effects depend on current distribution in
the entire system
18
![Page 19: EMA - Home | SPDC · 2013-05-24 · • SAE Technical Committee AE-2 Lightning All facets of aircraft lightning strikes and its effects on aircraft-design, testing, measurement, procedures,](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022040917/5e9126ae4edfb5164c7a71bc/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
ELECTRO MAGNETICAPPLICATIONS, INCEMA
However . . .
• The system may not yet exist for testing
• If it does exist, full-scale lightning testing is expensive
• Full-scale testing is complicated by the ground plane and returnconductor system effects (ARP 5583 requires additional simulationsupport to full-scale testing)
• A limited set of attachment scenarios can be practically assessed• Design changes after the test are a problem
19
![Page 20: EMA - Home | SPDC · 2013-05-24 · • SAE Technical Committee AE-2 Lightning All facets of aircraft lightning strikes and its effects on aircraft-design, testing, measurement, procedures,](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022040917/5e9126ae4edfb5164c7a71bc/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
ELECTRO MAGNETICAPPLICATIONS, INCEMA
Status Quo Approaches
• Use the test results of a previous project• Use poorly-suited analytical methods with a great
deal of margin
20
![Page 21: EMA - Home | SPDC · 2013-05-24 · • SAE Technical Committee AE-2 Lightning All facets of aircraft lightning strikes and its effects on aircraft-design, testing, measurement, procedures,](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022040917/5e9126ae4edfb5164c7a71bc/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
ELECTRO MAGNETICAPPLICATIONS, INCEMA
Status Quo IssuesUse the test results of a previous project:
• The materials (use of composites) and bonding designmay be significantly different between designs
21
![Page 22: EMA - Home | SPDC · 2013-05-24 · • SAE Technical Committee AE-2 Lightning All facets of aircraft lightning strikes and its effects on aircraft-design, testing, measurement, procedures,](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022040917/5e9126ae4edfb5164c7a71bc/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
ELECTRO MAGNETICAPPLICATIONS, INCEMA
Current Generation ofComputational Electromagnetics
• Mature codes (continuously under developmentsince 1978 and applied to hundreds of systems)
• Optimized for system level electromagneticsincluding lightning in complex systems
22
![Page 23: EMA - Home | SPDC · 2013-05-24 · • SAE Technical Committee AE-2 Lightning All facets of aircraft lightning strikes and its effects on aircraft-design, testing, measurement, procedures,](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022040917/5e9126ae4edfb5164c7a71bc/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
ELECTRO MAGNETICAPPLICATIONS, INCEMA
Simulation Work FlowOriginal CAD
drawing
From Mech. Eng. Designers
CEM CADEnvironment
Imports CAD formats
3D CEM
Solves down to20 mm resolution
Harness Sim.
Transients/levels atpins/interfaces
CouponTesting
Experimental testlevels by analysis
ActionableResults
• Actual Transient Levels• Model Validation• Design Requirements• Tailored Test Levels• Design Evaluation• Certification Support
23
![Page 24: EMA - Home | SPDC · 2013-05-24 · • SAE Technical Committee AE-2 Lightning All facets of aircraft lightning strikes and its effects on aircraft-design, testing, measurement, procedures,](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022040917/5e9126ae4edfb5164c7a71bc/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
ELECTRO MAGNETICAPPLICATIONS, INCEMA
Composite Materials
24
• Complex material modeling challenges with individualcomposite layers and interaction with fasteners
![Page 25: EMA - Home | SPDC · 2013-05-24 · • SAE Technical Committee AE-2 Lightning All facets of aircraft lightning strikes and its effects on aircraft-design, testing, measurement, procedures,](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022040917/5e9126ae4edfb5164c7a71bc/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
ELECTRO MAGNETICAPPLICATIONS, INCEMA
Understanding Composite TestCoupon Properties
• EMA has developed methods to measure individual layeranisotropic conductivity properties
• A simulate-measure-simulate approach ensures a completeunderstanding of current distribution in each couponscenario
25
![Page 26: EMA - Home | SPDC · 2013-05-24 · • SAE Technical Committee AE-2 Lightning All facets of aircraft lightning strikes and its effects on aircraft-design, testing, measurement, procedures,](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022040917/5e9126ae4edfb5164c7a71bc/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
ELECTRO MAGNETICAPPLICATIONS, INCEMA
Experimentally ValidatedApproach
26
![Page 27: EMA - Home | SPDC · 2013-05-24 · • SAE Technical Committee AE-2 Lightning All facets of aircraft lightning strikes and its effects on aircraft-design, testing, measurement, procedures,](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022040917/5e9126ae4edfb5164c7a71bc/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
ELECTRO MAGNETICAPPLICATIONS, INCEMA
Representing Composite Joints inSimulations
27
![Page 28: EMA - Home | SPDC · 2013-05-24 · • SAE Technical Committee AE-2 Lightning All facets of aircraft lightning strikes and its effects on aircraft-design, testing, measurement, procedures,](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022040917/5e9126ae4edfb5164c7a71bc/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
ELECTRO MAGNETICAPPLICATIONS, INCEMA
Validation
28
• EMA has achieved a successful validation of simplified boxes• This lowers the cost versus a full wing validation and allows for use of
simulation results in certification
![Page 29: EMA - Home | SPDC · 2013-05-24 · • SAE Technical Committee AE-2 Lightning All facets of aircraft lightning strikes and its effects on aircraft-design, testing, measurement, procedures,](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022040917/5e9126ae4edfb5164c7a71bc/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
ELECTRO MAGNETICAPPLICATIONS, INCEMA
EMA Validation Heritage
• EMA has been doing this since one of the first composite fueltanks was placed in SAAB Gripen Fighter
29
![Page 30: EMA - Home | SPDC · 2013-05-24 · • SAE Technical Committee AE-2 Lightning All facets of aircraft lightning strikes and its effects on aircraft-design, testing, measurement, procedures,](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022040917/5e9126ae4edfb5164c7a71bc/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
ELECTRO MAGNETICAPPLICATIONS, INCEMA
Validation Heritage
• MD-80 Simulation Compared to Test Data• High degree of correlation allowed for IEL
certification of MD-90 by simulation
30
![Page 31: EMA - Home | SPDC · 2013-05-24 · • SAE Technical Committee AE-2 Lightning All facets of aircraft lightning strikes and its effects on aircraft-design, testing, measurement, procedures,](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022040917/5e9126ae4edfb5164c7a71bc/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
ELECTRO MAGNETICAPPLICATIONS, INCEMA
Recent Validation
31
![Page 32: EMA - Home | SPDC · 2013-05-24 · • SAE Technical Committee AE-2 Lightning All facets of aircraft lightning strikes and its effects on aircraft-design, testing, measurement, procedures,](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022040917/5e9126ae4edfb5164c7a71bc/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
ELECTRO MAGNETICAPPLICATIONS, INCEMA
Fuel System validation Object
32
![Page 33: EMA - Home | SPDC · 2013-05-24 · • SAE Technical Committee AE-2 Lightning All facets of aircraft lightning strikes and its effects on aircraft-design, testing, measurement, procedures,](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022040917/5e9126ae4edfb5164c7a71bc/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
ELECTRO MAGNETICAPPLICATIONS, INCEMA
Results
33
![Page 34: EMA - Home | SPDC · 2013-05-24 · • SAE Technical Committee AE-2 Lightning All facets of aircraft lightning strikes and its effects on aircraft-design, testing, measurement, procedures,](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022040917/5e9126ae4edfb5164c7a71bc/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
ELECTRO MAGNETICAPPLICATIONS, INCEMA
Integrated Harness Simulation
• Lightning: MHARNESS gives transients at the pinlevel. Necessary for accurate results.
34
![Page 35: EMA - Home | SPDC · 2013-05-24 · • SAE Technical Committee AE-2 Lightning All facets of aircraft lightning strikes and its effects on aircraft-design, testing, measurement, procedures,](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022040917/5e9126ae4edfb5164c7a71bc/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
ELECTRO MAGNETICAPPLICATIONS, INCEMA
Simulation Platform Size
• EMA3D integrated with MHARNESS is available as acluster version to operate in parallel over many nodes
• Extremely efficient scaling on computational clusters• Successfully used to simulate entire aircraft and large
systems35
![Page 36: EMA - Home | SPDC · 2013-05-24 · • SAE Technical Committee AE-2 Lightning All facets of aircraft lightning strikes and its effects on aircraft-design, testing, measurement, procedures,](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022040917/5e9126ae4edfb5164c7a71bc/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
ELECTRO MAGNETICAPPLICATIONS, INCEMA
Lightning Redistribution
36
![Page 37: EMA - Home | SPDC · 2013-05-24 · • SAE Technical Committee AE-2 Lightning All facets of aircraft lightning strikes and its effects on aircraft-design, testing, measurement, procedures,](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022040917/5e9126ae4edfb5164c7a71bc/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
ELECTRO MAGNETICAPPLICATIONS, INCEMA
Current on Ribs
37
![Page 38: EMA - Home | SPDC · 2013-05-24 · • SAE Technical Committee AE-2 Lightning All facets of aircraft lightning strikes and its effects on aircraft-design, testing, measurement, procedures,](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022040917/5e9126ae4edfb5164c7a71bc/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
ELECTRO MAGNETICAPPLICATIONS, INCEMA
Pipe and Cable Currents
38
![Page 39: EMA - Home | SPDC · 2013-05-24 · • SAE Technical Committee AE-2 Lightning All facets of aircraft lightning strikes and its effects on aircraft-design, testing, measurement, procedures,](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022040917/5e9126ae4edfb5164c7a71bc/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
ELECTRO MAGNETICAPPLICATIONS, INCEMA
Wind Turbine Simulation Example
CAD imported from STEP format
39
![Page 40: EMA - Home | SPDC · 2013-05-24 · • SAE Technical Committee AE-2 Lightning All facets of aircraft lightning strikes and its effects on aircraft-design, testing, measurement, procedures,](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022040917/5e9126ae4edfb5164c7a71bc/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
ELECTRO MAGNETICAPPLICATIONS, INCEMA
Cables
40
![Page 41: EMA - Home | SPDC · 2013-05-24 · • SAE Technical Committee AE-2 Lightning All facets of aircraft lightning strikes and its effects on aircraft-design, testing, measurement, procedures,](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022040917/5e9126ae4edfb5164c7a71bc/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)
ELECTRO MAGNETICAPPLICATIONS, INCEMA
New Cables in EMA3D CAD
41
![Page 42: EMA - Home | SPDC · 2013-05-24 · • SAE Technical Committee AE-2 Lightning All facets of aircraft lightning strikes and its effects on aircraft-design, testing, measurement, procedures,](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022040917/5e9126ae4edfb5164c7a71bc/html5/thumbnails/42.jpg)
ELECTRO MAGNETICAPPLICATIONS, INCEMA
FDTD Cartesian Mesh (50 mm)
Meshing operation takes < 5 minutesAll materials are steel
42
![Page 43: EMA - Home | SPDC · 2013-05-24 · • SAE Technical Committee AE-2 Lightning All facets of aircraft lightning strikes and its effects on aircraft-design, testing, measurement, procedures,](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022040917/5e9126ae4edfb5164c7a71bc/html5/thumbnails/43.jpg)
ELECTRO MAGNETICAPPLICATIONS, INCEMA
Cable Cross Section
Cable 1 Cable 2 Cable 3
43
![Page 44: EMA - Home | SPDC · 2013-05-24 · • SAE Technical Committee AE-2 Lightning All facets of aircraft lightning strikes and its effects on aircraft-design, testing, measurement, procedures,](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022040917/5e9126ae4edfb5164c7a71bc/html5/thumbnails/44.jpg)
ELECTRO MAGNETICAPPLICATIONS, INCEMA
EMA3D Cable Cross Section Tool
EMA3D has the uniquecapability of Co-simulatingwith a full-featuredTransmission Line Solver
•Ability to quickly calculatethe accurate capacitance andinductance matrix for cablecross-section•Easy drag and drop cablecross section tool
44
![Page 45: EMA - Home | SPDC · 2013-05-24 · • SAE Technical Committee AE-2 Lightning All facets of aircraft lightning strikes and its effects on aircraft-design, testing, measurement, procedures,](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022040917/5e9126ae4edfb5164c7a71bc/html5/thumbnails/45.jpg)
ELECTRO MAGNETICAPPLICATIONS, INCEMA
Material Library
EMA3D includes built-in sampleproperties for standard types ofcables•Diameter•Resistance•Transfer impedanceparameters
45
![Page 46: EMA - Home | SPDC · 2013-05-24 · • SAE Technical Committee AE-2 Lightning All facets of aircraft lightning strikes and its effects on aircraft-design, testing, measurement, procedures,](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022040917/5e9126ae4edfb5164c7a71bc/html5/thumbnails/46.jpg)
ELECTRO MAGNETICAPPLICATIONS, INCEMA
Computational Simulation
CEM simulation completed in about two hours•Gradual permittivity scaling speeds up time-domainsimulation by a factor or more than ten•Built-in parallel simulation capabilities allow for speedup over 100 times on multi-core workstations andcomputational clusters
46
![Page 47: EMA - Home | SPDC · 2013-05-24 · • SAE Technical Committee AE-2 Lightning All facets of aircraft lightning strikes and its effects on aircraft-design, testing, measurement, procedures,](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022040917/5e9126ae4edfb5164c7a71bc/html5/thumbnails/47.jpg)
ELECTRO MAGNETICAPPLICATIONS, INCEMA
Magnetic Field Slice Probe
LightningChannel
Log of H-field normal to page is proportional to color47
![Page 48: EMA - Home | SPDC · 2013-05-24 · • SAE Technical Committee AE-2 Lightning All facets of aircraft lightning strikes and its effects on aircraft-design, testing, measurement, procedures,](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022040917/5e9126ae4edfb5164c7a71bc/html5/thumbnails/48.jpg)
ELECTRO MAGNETICAPPLICATIONS, INCEMA
Current Density Animation
48
![Page 49: EMA - Home | SPDC · 2013-05-24 · • SAE Technical Committee AE-2 Lightning All facets of aircraft lightning strikes and its effects on aircraft-design, testing, measurement, procedures,](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022040917/5e9126ae4edfb5164c7a71bc/html5/thumbnails/49.jpg)
ELECTRO MAGNETICAPPLICATIONS, INCEMA
Source Waveform
•The first case will be the standard 200 kA Component AWaveform 1 (~ 5 μs peak, slow fall)
49
![Page 50: EMA - Home | SPDC · 2013-05-24 · • SAE Technical Committee AE-2 Lightning All facets of aircraft lightning strikes and its effects on aircraft-design, testing, measurement, procedures,](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022040917/5e9126ae4edfb5164c7a71bc/html5/thumbnails/50.jpg)
ELECTRO MAGNETICAPPLICATIONS, INCEMA
Waveform 1 Overall Cable BundleCurrent
50
![Page 51: EMA - Home | SPDC · 2013-05-24 · • SAE Technical Committee AE-2 Lightning All facets of aircraft lightning strikes and its effects on aircraft-design, testing, measurement, procedures,](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022040917/5e9126ae4edfb5164c7a71bc/html5/thumbnails/51.jpg)
ELECTRO MAGNETICAPPLICATIONS, INCEMA
Waveform 1 Individual PinCurrent
51
![Page 52: EMA - Home | SPDC · 2013-05-24 · • SAE Technical Committee AE-2 Lightning All facets of aircraft lightning strikes and its effects on aircraft-design, testing, measurement, procedures,](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022040917/5e9126ae4edfb5164c7a71bc/html5/thumbnails/52.jpg)
ELECTRO MAGNETICAPPLICATIONS, INCEMA
Waveform 1 Individual Pin Voltage
52
![Page 53: EMA - Home | SPDC · 2013-05-24 · • SAE Technical Committee AE-2 Lightning All facets of aircraft lightning strikes and its effects on aircraft-design, testing, measurement, procedures,](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022040917/5e9126ae4edfb5164c7a71bc/html5/thumbnails/53.jpg)
ELECTRO MAGNETICAPPLICATIONS, INCEMA
DC Simulation
Gradual permittivity scaling allows for a time-domaincalculation of a ramp up to DC as described.•Simulation completed in a little over an hour•Impossible to complete with other time-domain solvers
53
![Page 54: EMA - Home | SPDC · 2013-05-24 · • SAE Technical Committee AE-2 Lightning All facets of aircraft lightning strikes and its effects on aircraft-design, testing, measurement, procedures,](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022040917/5e9126ae4edfb5164c7a71bc/html5/thumbnails/54.jpg)
ELECTRO MAGNETICAPPLICATIONS, INCEMA
Ramp to 800 A DC SimulationResults: Pin Currents
54
![Page 55: EMA - Home | SPDC · 2013-05-24 · • SAE Technical Committee AE-2 Lightning All facets of aircraft lightning strikes and its effects on aircraft-design, testing, measurement, procedures,](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022040917/5e9126ae4edfb5164c7a71bc/html5/thumbnails/55.jpg)
ELECTRO MAGNETICAPPLICATIONS, INCEMA
Summary
• Computation electromagneticsis critical for model complexsystem design and verification
• New simulation techniquesinteroperate with CAD
• Mature validation heritagemeans that the results can betrusted
• Applicable to wind turbinesand related systems
55
![Page 56: EMA - Home | SPDC · 2013-05-24 · • SAE Technical Committee AE-2 Lightning All facets of aircraft lightning strikes and its effects on aircraft-design, testing, measurement, procedures,](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022040917/5e9126ae4edfb5164c7a71bc/html5/thumbnails/56.jpg)
ELECTRO MAGNETICAPPLICATIONS, INCEMA
Contact us with any questions!
Tim McDonald, PhD11 October [email protected]
Phone: +1 (303) 324-7532www.ema3d.com
56