embodiment design

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Embodiment Design

Engineering Design–

G. Pahl & W. Beitz (Springer-2nd Edition)

Erwin, ST., MT.



Contents

Checklist for embodiment Design2

Principles of Embodiment Design4

Basic rules of Embodiment Design33

Steps of Embodiment Design31



1. Steps of Embodiment Design

Phase 1 (Informasi) Phase 2 (Informasi) Phase 3 (Informasi)

Concept(Konsep

perancang

an)

Identifyembodiment-deteminingrequirement(Mengidentifikasikan dan

menentukanbentuk &

persyaratan)

Produce scaledrawings of

spatialconstrains

(Menghasilkangambar dengan

skala dariruang terbatas)

Preliminary layouts & form design (Layout awal & formperancangan)




Phase 4 (Definisi) Phase 5 (Definisi) Phase 6 (Identifikasi)

Identifyembodiment-

determining mainfunction carriers

(Identifikasi bentuk

dalam menentukanfungsi utama )

Develop prelimanary

layouts & formdesign for

embodiment-determining mainfuction carriers

(Mengembangkanlayout awal & formperancangan untukmenentukan fungsi

utama)

Select suitablepreliminary

layouts(Memilih layout

awal yanglayak)




Phase 7 (Penciptaan)

Developpreliminary layouts& form designs forthe remaining main

fuction carriers(Mengembangkanlayout awal dan

form perancanganuntuk fungsi

pendukung utama)




Phase 8 (Penciptaan) Phase 9 (Penciptaan) Phase 10 (Penciptaan)

Search forsolutions to

auxiliaryfunction

(Mencari solusi

untuk fungsisecara lengkap)

Develop detailed layout

& form design for themain function carriersensuring compatibility

with the auxiliaryfunction carriers

(Mengembangkanlayout detail dan form

perancangan untuk

pembawaan fungsiutama & memastikankeselarasan denganfungsi pelengkap)

Detailed layouts and form design (Layout detail & formperancangan)

Develop detailed

layout & form designfor the auxiliary

function carriers andcomplete the overall

layouts(Mengembangkan

layout detail dan formperancangan untuk

fungsi pelengkap danmelengkapi layout

secara keseluruhan)




Phase 11 (evaluasi) Phase 12 (Keputusan)

Preliminarylayouts (Layout

persiapan)

Evaluate againsttechnical &economic

criteria (Evaluasikriteria teknis

dan ekonomis)




Phase 13(Penciptaan)Phase 14 (Evaluasi)Phase 15 (Evaluasi)

Optimise &complete

form design(Mengoptimal

kan danmelengkapi

formperancangan)

Check for errorsand disturbingfactors (Periksakesalahan dan

faktor gangguan)

Completion of checks (Pemeriksaan keseluruhan)

Preparepreliminary partslist & production

documents(Persiapan daftarkomponen awaldan dokumen

produksi)




Phase 16 (Keputusan)

Definitivelayout

(Layout

pasti)



2. Checklist for embodiment design

Embodiment design ischaracterised by repeateddeliberation and verification Though individual factors may be closely

interrelated, designers can derive importantchecklist headings from the general objectives &constraints wich, moreover, provide them with auseful procedural order & a systematics check oneach step. The checklist thus not only provides astrong mental impetus, but also ensures thatnothing essential is forgotten in embodimentphase.



3. Basic rules of embodiment design

Fulfilment of the technical function

Economic feasibility

Individual & environmental safety

The basic rules ofclarity, simplicity,

& safety arederived from the

general objectives



ClarityIn what follows we shallbe applying the basicrule of clarity to thevarious headings of the

checklist

SimplicityFor technicalapplication the word“simple” means “not

complex”, easilyunderstood” and “easily

done”

3. Basic rules of embodiment design

SafetySafety consideration

affect both the reliablefulfillment of technicalfunction & also theprotection of humans &the environment. Directsafety method achievesafety through systemsor components actively

involved in theperformance particulartask. Indirect safetymethod involve the useof special protectivesystems & protectiveequipment.



4. Principles of embodiment design

1. Principlesof Force

Transmission

Balance force

Deformation

Force transmission

Force & strength



Flowlines of force & theprinciple of uniform strength The problem solved in mechanical engineering

generally involve forces and/or motions and theirconnection, change, variation or channelling, andinvolve the conversion of energy, material &signals. The generally applicable function “channelforce” includes the application of load to, the

transfer of force between, and the transmission offorces through components and devices.




Principle of direct & short forcetransmission pathIn agreement we consider the following princile of

great importance : If a force or moment is to be transmitted from one

place to another with the minimum possibledeformation, then the shortest and most directforce transmission path is the best

This principle, which leads to the minimum numberof loaded areas, ensures :

Minimum use of materials (volume, weight)

Minimum deformation




Principle of matcheddeformationThe principles of mathced deformations state that

related components must be designed in such away that, under load, they will deform in the samesense and if possible, by the same amount.




Principle of balanced forceThose forces and moment that serve the function

directly, such as the driving torque, the tangentialtooth force and the load torque in a gearbox, can,

accordance with the definition of a main function,be described as functionally determined mainforces.


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