emergency and disaster risk management

7/29/2019 Emergency and Disaster Risk Management

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Emergency and Disaster Risk Management


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World largest archipelago: area 1,919,440 km2

Over 17,000 Islands, more than 500 languages and dialects

4th largest populated country: 234 million people in 33 provinces

3 time zones with flying time of 9 hrs from west to east


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The Geographic Nature

The World Tectonic PlatesEarth Quakes

Ring Of FireVolcanoes


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Why we need contingency planning?

Because we live in a world wherethings happen with or without priornotice.


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Because of our negligence on facts,

They come to us in a surprise


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Basic Principle is developing Plans in thefield of Emergency and Disaster

Risk ?


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Risk Management

Risk = Hazard x Vulnerability---------------------

Capacity

Hazard

Vulnerability

Capacity

Risk


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RiskProgramme Definition

Risk is defined as measurable andequitable value of having chance,probability, potential threat leadingtowards a damage, injury, liability, loss,negative occurrences cost by internal orexternal forces to person, thing, property,

system, environment and developmentdepending on the status of 3 majorcontributing components, hazard,vulnerability and capacity in a givencondition and situation.

Key factors influencing the degree of Risk

Types of harmful effects known as Hazard

Exposure to harmful effects known asVulnerability

Knowledge, skill and practice to manageharmful effects known as Capacity

Am I

risky ?Why


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HazardTypes of harmful effects

Programme Definition

Hazards is defined aspossible potential sourceof danger or harm or

adverse effect, threat tolife, health, property,environment to somethingor some one resulting

possibility of incurringloss or misfortune and ifhappens, causingemergency or disaster in agiven condition and

situation.

?


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Earthquake & Tsunami

Volcanoes Eruption

Floods

Flash floods & Landslides

Conflict Social unrest

Bomb Blast

Industrial Accident

Transportation Accident Cyclone

Earthquake

Infectious Diseases

Black Outs


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Type of Hazard Geological

Earthquake, tsunami,landslides, volcano

Hydro-meteorological Flood, storm, drought, flash

flood

Biological Epidemics, plant diseases,

Technological Transportation and

industrial accidents

Environmental Bush fires, fire,

deforestation etc.


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VulnerabilityExposure to harmful effects


Vulnerability is defined as theexposure, susceptibility, closenessto undesirable physical oremotional injury or attack oradverse effects.

Vulnerable Group Identification

Vulnerable groups are identified in twotypes.

Population living and facilitiessituated close or potentiallyexposed to different hazards.

Group of people who needs specialattention during emergencies anddisasters such as children,pregnant women, old aged,disables and ill patients.


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CapacityKnowledge, skill and practice to manage harmful effects


Capacity is defined as mental,physical, academical ability andcapability to retain knowledge,skill and practice to perform,hold, receive, absorb, act,

manage and develop to amaximum response to adverseeffects to minimize damages in agiven condition and situation.

Capacity Identification

Human, supplies, structure,operating system and funds areidentified as 5 main resources tobe build up as capacity.


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Emergencies and Disasters Emergency = The Risk that can be manage with

support from existing condition in a givensituation.

Disaster = The Risk that can only be managed withextra support outside existing condition in a givensituation.


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Management

Mobilize and utilize available resources most

effectively and strategically in a given situationto obtain maximum output .


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Crisis


Crisis is defined as exposureto risk resulting fromEmergency or Disaster

affecting a sector (s) or areaof work in a geographiclocation for a period of time.It could be acute or chronicor acute on chronic. One

example is Health Crisiswhere the health sector isaffected by emergency ordisaster.


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Conflict

Conflict is actual

or perceivedopposition ofneeds, values andinterests.

A conflict can beinternal (withinoneself) orexternal (between

two or moreindividuals)

Conflict can leadto WAR


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Risk Reduction PlanRisk Mapping

To obtain a map which hasidentify potential hazards,violability and capacity.

Contingency PlanIf emergency or disasters

hit, what to do.

Operation PlanWhen emergency or

disaster hits, how tomanage.

Standard OperatingProcedure (SOP)

Guidelines to guide how tomanage specific field of

interest


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Risk Mapping

Risk Mapping

(Hazard, Vulnerability andCapacity Mapping)

Method

Vertical Mapping(Geographic basevillage to National) (*)

Horizontal Mapping (Facilitybase household tomega structures)


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Risk - Triage Rings

Use red, yellow andgreen rings toidentify:

High Risk

Medium Risk Low Risk

Identify the areas

where multi riskrings overlapped.

Prioritized the areafor capacity building


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Hazard Mapping

Find appropriate map ordevelop a map of the areaconcern.

Identify the potential areasthat could tern into hazards -specific (volcano, river, dam,factory, etc).

Hazards General (fire,earthquake, storm, etc)

Identify the most vulnerablefacilities health, schools,fire fighting station, powerstation, water reservoir,

police, governor office,markets, stores, air train-port

Identify evacuation sitesreligious building, sport field,vacant land, ceremonialhalls, schools


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Vulnerability Mapping

Identify the mostvulnerable facilitieshealth, schools, firefighting station, powerstation, water reservoir,police, governor office,markets, stores, airtrain-port

Identify evacuationsites religiousbuilding, sport field,vacant land, ceremonialhalls, schools


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Resource Mapping

Use excel table toidentify:

Existingresources. (Man,Material, Money)

Resourcesneeded.

Where neededresources can bereached.

Attached the excel data andinformation to themap


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Public Alert System

Serine / Bell

Communitywatch

Traffic light

indicators Maps for

evacuation

Mark shelters Call signs

Media alert


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What is Contingency Planning ?

ContingencyWhat to do if changes happen

Un-wanted or Wanted / Unexpected or Expected / Goodor Bad / Harmful or Un-harmful / Negative or Positive

PlanningSystematic arrangement of

activities to be implementedin a given condition andsituation.

PhasesPre-during-post

?


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Contingency Plan base on SOPCentral, Peripheral and Sector

based

1. Command Posts2. Rescue and Relief3. Rapid Assessment4. Information and

Communication and Reporting5. Multi Sector / ClusterCoordination and resourceMobilization

6. Management of Death, Injured7. IDP Camp Management8. Supply Management9. Community and Facilities

Recovery, Rehabilitation,Reconstruction

10. Stream lining back to routineprogramms and development

Scenarios building Exercise -Simulation


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Operational Plan and SOP

Based on the contingencyplan, given situation andcondition, developoperational plan

Operational Map and Plan

Identification of theavailable resources

Identification of resourcesneeded base on rights

WHO, Where, When, What,Why, How and ExpectedOutput


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Standard Operation Procedures (SOP)

Updated annually:

1st version launched in 2006

2nd version launched in 2007

RESPONSEPREPAREDNESS R id A t


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EMERGENCY

PreparednessPlan

ContingencyPlan

OperationalPlan

RehabilitationPlan

Re/DevelopmentPlan

Mitigation

Plan

DisasterManagement

Plan

Early warning

REHABILITATIONMITIGATION

RESPONSEPREPAREDNESS Rapid Assessment

Hazard evaluation

LessonslearnedReview

Time Money

Human

SuppliesSOP

Values3 Cs

Info

Management Wheel is driven by

power generated from

Informationmoving forward

through 3Cs


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Risk Reduction Plan -Components

Risk Mapping

Standard Operating Procedure

Operational PlanContingency Plan


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Risk Reduction PlanGeographic Risk Reduction Plan

(RRP) - Vertical For province, district, sub-district

and village levels, contingencyand operation plans will bedeveloped, practiced and

integrated with risk mapping toformulate RRP.

Facility Risk Reduction Plan(RRP) - Horizontal

For each public health facility,health offices and hospital,contingency and operation planswill be developed, practiced andintegrated with risk mapping to

formulate RRP.

V

H


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33Web Link:www.who.or.id/download/docs/eha/DRR-Programme-Concept-Paper
http://www.who.or.id/download/docs/eha/DRR-Programme-Concept-Paperhttp://www.who.or.id/download/docs/eha/DRR-Programme-Concept-Paperhttp://www.who.or.id/download/docs/eha/DRR-Programme-Concept-Paperhttp://www.who.or.id/download/docs/eha/DRR-Programme-Concept-Paperhttp://www.who.or.id/download/docs/eha/DRR-Programme-Concept-Paperhttp://www.who.or.id/download/docs/eha/DRR-Programme-Concept-Paperhttp://www.who.or.id/download/docs/eha/DRR-Programme-Concept-Paperhttp://www.who.or.id/download/docs/eha/DRR-Programme-Concept-Paper


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Disaster Management Phases

Prevent

Rehabilitate

Recover Respond

Prepare

Relief

Rescue

Reconstruct

Develop

Disaster

Mitigate

Golden Hr

Golden Week


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Challenges for Health Sector

Death Injured and infected

IDPs / RefugesInfrastructure

Wh D W N d C di i I


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We already have toomany challenges to

manage.So many of them

coming now.Who are they?

What can they help?When can they do

it?Where can they go?

Why they came?How can I manage?

Why Do We Need Coordination InHealth Emergencies / Crisis ?

UNINGOs

NGOs

PrivateSectror

LocalGroups

Individual

Media


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Chain of Command and Communication

Filter at port of entry

I know! I know!, You guys wantto help me. But please wait ya, I

will tell you what I need.


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Health Sector and Cluster Structural andMethodology used in Indonesia

Heath Sector / ClusterGeneral Coordination

Sub Groups Coordination andpresentation

ImmunizationChild, reproductive and maternal

Water and SanitationSurveillance and outbreak controlMental Health

Mobile Clinics

Field Hospitals

Hospital care

Supplies

Health

EmergencyInformationOperation

Center

Government CoordinationMeeting

UN ClusterCoordination Meeting

OperationalMapping


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Role of Regional Crisis Centers

Hospitals Public HealthFacilities

Universities

Each Crisis Centers is formed by 3 Basic Structural Components of the HealthSystem. Hospitals, Public Health Facilities and Universities.

Emergency Operational Units Emergency Supplies Depot

Emergency ShelterTraining Centers


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Crisis CenterCentral Operation Unit

MoH,

Early warning Information

CoordinationResource MobilizationReview, monitoring


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Emergency Situation Reports

Emergency First CallSMS / Radio

Call, Fax, Email

AdvanceEmergency

SituationInformation

EmergencySituation Report

Situation Report

SurveillanceReport


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What will be our future????

Practice make perfect.

When there is a will, there is a way.

Hope for the best, prepare for the worst.


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emergency and disaster risk management

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