Emergency ManagementEmergency Management

An Overview of An Overview of

Federal, State and Federal, State and

Local Planning EffortsLocal Planning Efforts

A Changing PerspectiveA Changing Perspective

Evolution of emergency managementEvolution of emergency management– WWII: Protect civilian population and businesses WWII: Protect civilian population and businesses

strategic to war effort from land, sea and air attacksstrategic to war effort from land, sea and air attacks– ““Cold War Era”: Protect civilian population from nuclear Cold War Era”: Protect civilian population from nuclear

attackattack– 1980’s: Shift from civil defense to all-hazards planning 1980’s: Shift from civil defense to all-hazards planning

due to increased natural disastersdue to increased natural disasters– 2001 – Post 9/11: Moves from all-hazards to terrorism2001 – Post 9/11: Moves from all-hazards to terrorism– 2005 – Post Katrina/Rita: Changes from terrorism to all-2005 – Post Katrina/Rita: Changes from terrorism to all-

hazards with emphasis on evac planshazards with emphasis on evac plans– 20?? – Post “next-big-disaster”: Another change?20?? – Post “next-big-disaster”: Another change?

FederalFederal

Robert T. Stafford ActRobert T. Stafford Act– Establishes types of assistance provided to Establishes types of assistance provided to

states, local governments, citizens and states, local governments, citizens and businessesbusinesses

– Disaster Mitigation Act of 2000 (DMA2K) due to Disaster Mitigation Act of 2000 (DMA2K) due to repetitive damages repetitive damages No mitigation plan, no mitigation fundingNo mitigation plan, no mitigation funding

– Congressional appropriations for each Congressional appropriations for each Presidential disaster declarationPresidential disaster declaration

– Subject to change according to political climateSubject to change according to political climate

FederalFederal

National Incident Management System National Incident Management System (NIMS)(NIMS)– No NIMS, no Homeland Security grant moneyNo NIMS, no Homeland Security grant money– Structure (ICS)Structure (ICS)– Multi-agency coordinationMulti-agency coordination– Mutual AidMutual Aid– Resource typingResource typing– CommunicationsCommunications– StandardsStandards

FederalFederal

National Response PlanNational Response Plan– Functional responsibilities of key departments and Functional responsibilities of key departments and

agenciesagencies

Presidential DirectivesPresidential Directives– HSPDs established after 9/11 attacks and established HSPDs established after 9/11 attacks and established

the Department of Homeland Securitythe Department of Homeland Security Head of DHS is a political appointeeHead of DHS is a political appointee

WaiversWaivers– Can waive any federal requirements, including EPA, Can waive any federal requirements, including EPA,

FAA and ICE, as necessary to facilitate response and FAA and ICE, as necessary to facilitate response and recovery effortsrecovery efforts

FederalFederal

FEMAFEMA– Now reports to Department of Homeland Now reports to Department of Homeland

Security Security – Is a political appointeeIs a political appointee– Not a “first responder” agencyNot a “first responder” agency– CoordinatesCoordinates “first responder” assets upon a “first responder” assets upon a

Presidential declaration of disasterPresidential declaration of disaster– Oversees federal programs which assist in Oversees federal programs which assist in

recovery effortsrecovery efforts

StateState

California Emergency Services ActCalifornia Emergency Services Act– Establishes types of assistance to local Establishes types of assistance to local

governments, citizens and businesses when a governments, citizens and businesses when a Gubernatorial proclamation of disaster is signed Gubernatorial proclamation of disaster is signed and/or a Presidential disaster declaration is and/or a Presidential disaster declaration is enactedenacted

– Provides for Continuity of GovernmentProvides for Continuity of Government– Confers emergency powers to the Governor Confers emergency powers to the Governor

and local governmentsand local governments– Legislative body determines appropriations for Legislative body determines appropriations for

the disasterthe disaster

StateState

Standardized Emergency Management Standardized Emergency Management System (SEMS)System (SEMS)– Structure (ICS)Structure (ICS)– Multi/Interagency CoordinationMulti/Interagency Coordination– Mutual AidMutual Aid– Operational AreasOperational Areas

SEMS was the model for NIMSSEMS was the model for NIMS In compliance with NIMS until Sept 30, In compliance with NIMS until Sept 30,

2005; training and planning with NIMS must 2005; training and planning with NIMS must start Oct 1, 2005start Oct 1, 2005

StateState

California requires local governments to:California requires local governments to:– Have an adopted Emergency Operations PlanHave an adopted Emergency Operations Plan– Have an accredited disaster councilHave an accredited disaster council– Address emergency management organization Address emergency management organization

as part of their municipal codeas part of their municipal code– Have an emergency program managerHave an emergency program manager– Train and exercise their plansTrain and exercise their plans– Use SEMS and NIMS in planning, training and Use SEMS and NIMS in planning, training and

exercisingexercising

StateState

Office of Homeland SecurityOffice of Homeland Security– Office of Emergency Services now reports to Office of Emergency Services now reports to

OHSOHS– OHS and OES are political appointeesOHS and OES are political appointees– OES has 3 administrative regions: Inland, OES has 3 administrative regions: Inland,

Coastal and Southern and coordinates all local Coastal and Southern and coordinates all local governments within those regionsgovernments within those regions

LA CountyLA County

Los Angeles County Operational AreaLos Angeles County Operational Area– LA County is the Operational Area by resolution of the LA County is the Operational Area by resolution of the

Los Angeles County Board of Supervisors and Los Angeles County Board of Supervisors and coordinates all information and resources for county coordinates all information and resources for county departments and agencies and all 88 cities during departments and agencies and all 88 cities during disastersdisasters

– LA County Sheriff is the head of Emergency Services LA County Sheriff is the head of Emergency Services during a proclaimed emergencyduring a proclaimed emergency

– LA County OEM reports directly to the county CAO day LA County OEM reports directly to the county CAO day to day; to the Sheriff in times of proclaimed emergenciesto day; to the Sheriff in times of proclaimed emergencies

– County divided into 8 Disaster Management Areas; JPA County divided into 8 Disaster Management Areas; JPA between LA County Board of Supervisors and the cities between LA County Board of Supervisors and the cities of Area Dof Area D

– Area D serves the Pomona and San Gabriel valleys (25 Area D serves the Pomona and San Gabriel valleys (25 cities, 1.3 million citizens)cities, 1.3 million citizens)

The CityThe City

Municipal codeMunicipal code Adopted emergency planAdopted emergency plan Accredited disaster councilAccredited disaster council Uses SEMS; will adopt NIMSUses SEMS; will adopt NIMS Has an emergency program managerHas an emergency program manager Works with all community partners before, Works with all community partners before,

during and after a disasterduring and after a disaster Works with other cities, county, state and Works with other cities, county, state and

federal departments and agenciesfederal departments and agencies

When Disasters HappenWhen Disasters Happen

The CityThe City

OtherOtherCitiesCities

SchoolSchoolDistrictsDistrictsCollegesColleges

LocalLocalBusinessesBusinesses

HospitalsHospitalsVolunteerVolunteerAgenciesAgencies

CountyCountyAgenciesAgencies

StateStateO.E.S.O.E.S.

Every Disaster Is LocalEvery Disaster Is Local

– Who’s first on-scene?Who’s first on-scene? Local law enforcement, fire, medical services, public worksLocal law enforcement, fire, medical services, public works

The

City

Can We Handle This Alone?Can We Handle This Alone?

– Will local resources be enough?Will local resources be enough?

The

City

Neighboring Cities

Cities and CountyCities and County

– County will starting moving resources to your cityCounty will starting moving resources to your city

Neighboring Cities

The

City

County resources and

87 other cities

OES Southern RegionOES Southern Region

– Southern Region OES moves resources from other countiesSouthern Region OES moves resources from other counties

Neighboring Cities

The

City

County resources and

all other cities

Resources from 12 counties

StateState– OES HQ mobilizes resources from entire state including OES HQ mobilizes resources from entire state including

California National GuardCalifornia National Guard

The

City

Neighboring Cities

County resources and all other cities

Resources from 12 counties

Resources from 58 counties

FederalFederal– Federal Government including military support to Federal Government including military support to

civilian authoritiescivilian authorities

Neighboring Cities

The

City

County resources and all other cities

Resources from 12 counties

Resources from 58 counties

Federal (Depts., Military, States)