Emerging trends of physics

Emerging trends of physics

Introduction We are presenting the paper which contains some of the emerging trends of physics.Now a days the superconducting materials are very useful for the many purpose so that we can able to know some but we are presenting the latest superconducting materials used.

levitations

Many types of levitations are there Aerodynamic levitationGas film levitationMagnetic levitation

Aerodynamic & Gas film

levitation - floating object - stream of gas produced -object - acting object-aerodynamic. a ping pong ball Enables - levitation -against gravitational force -a thin gas film - porous membrane-gas film.Air hockey

Magnetic levitation

Magnetic levitation -most common- used form of levitation. Diamagnetic materials -used demonstration purposes.Magnetic levitation trains

. The superconductor is first heated strongly, then cooled with liquid nitrogen to levitate on top of a diamagnet. In very strong magnetic field, by means of diamagnetic levitation even small live animals have been levitated.

Applications of magnetic levitations

Magnetic BearingsApplication-magnetic levitation technology -electromagnetic suspension -electromagnets. Magnetic bearings support loads without- kind of physical contact.Flywheels. Flywheels -rotating mechanisms-store energy. Magnetic levitation - rotate flywheels - energy storage

Magnetic levitation train

SafetyThe trains are virtually impossible to derail because the train is wrapped around the track.Collisions between trains are unlikely because computers are controlling the trains movements.Maintenance There is very little maintenance because there is no contact between the parts.

High Tc superconductor High-temperature superconductors (abbreviated high-Tc or HTS) are materials that behave as superconductors at unusually high temperatures. The first high-Tc superconductor was discovered in 1986 by IBM researchers Georg Bednorz and K. Alex Mller

Preparation of htcsuperconcutors

Properties

Further Research Suggestions:ElectricalIf a high critical temperature superconductor is developed that has a critical temperature that is higher than HBCCO (133 K), more practical applications will become feasible

Electrical power transmission through superconducting materials and wire Low power lossLow voltage required for high currentUtilizes less physical space

Computer signal transmission Low resistivity allows for computing speed to increase greatly

Applications (MRI) and (NMR)The biggest application for superconductivity is in producing the large volume, stable, and high magnetic fields required for MRI and NMR NOW IN MRI IT WAS THE LATEST.NOW THE LATEST AT 140K HBCCO (HgBa2Ca2Cu3Ox).

CONCLUSION Thus this was not the end of this emerging and the future developing physics it was only just a few words about the magnetic levitation and the high temperature superconductors. It can be very stimulative for every one and encourages to research about it. It will be very intresing one for every one who reads this.we thank every one to giving us a chance for this oppurtunityReference [1] Maglev Contest Media Advisory, http://www.pubaf.bnl.gov/pr/bnlpr041897.html, April18, 1997. [2] HSST Development Corporation of Japan, History of the Development of the HSST Maglev Transportation System in Japan,http://weber.u.washington.edu/~jbs/itrans/hsst_his.htm, October 24, 1988 [3] Robert Katzeff, Florida Awards Maglev Grant, Advanced Transportation TechnologyNews, vol. 3, no. 2, June 1996.