Employment Trends in FloridaPrepared by: Darryl Crawford, MPA

Center for Demography and Population HealthFlorida State university

May 6, 2009

LeRoy Collins Institute

LeRoy Collins Institute ~ Carol Weissert, Ph. D., Director

FSU Campus ~ 506 W Pensacola Street Tallahassee FL 32306-1601

850-644-1441 ~ 850-644-1442 fax

2

0.00

2,000.00

4,000.00

6,000.00

8,000.00

10,000.00

12,000.00

0.00

40,000.00

80,000.00

120,000.00

160,000.00

200,000.00

1973

1974

1975

1976

1977

1978

1979

1980

1981

1982

1983

1984

1985

1986

1987

1988

1989

1990

1991

1992

1993

1994

1995

1996

1997

1998

1999

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

Years

Thou

sand

s of j

obs -

stat

e

Thou

sand

s of j

obs -

US

TOTAL EMPLOYMENT(in thousands of jobs)

1973 - 2007UNITED STATES FLORIDA

Source: Woods & Poole Economics, Inc., Washington, D.C. Copyright 2009. Woods & Poole does not guarantee the accuracy of this data. The use of this data and the conclusions drawn from it are solely the responsibility of the user. Rev. 05.04.09

3

0.0%

2.0%

4.0%

6.0%

8.0%

10.0%

12.0%

14.0%

16.0%19

7319

7419

7519

7619

7719

7819

7919

8019

8119

8219

8319

8419

8519

8619

8719

8819

8919

9019

9119

9219

9319

9419

9519

9619

9719

9819

9920

0020

0120

0220

0320

0420

0520

0620

07

Perc

ent (

%)

of jo

bs -

FLO

RID

AFLORIDA - EMPLOYMENT

(percent % of jobs by sectors 6% & over)1973 - 2007

CONSTRUCTION EMPLOYMENT

RETAIL TRADE

ADMINISTRATIVE & WASTE MANAGEMENT

HEALTH CARE & SOCIAL ASSISTANCE

ACCOMODATION & FOOD SERVICE

STATE and LOCAL GOVERNMENT

MANUFACTURING EMPLOYMENT

Source: Woods & Poole Economics, Inc., Washington, D.C. Copyright 2009. Woods & Poole does not guarantee the accuracy of this data. The use of this data and the conclusions drawn from it are solely the responsibility of the user. Rev. 05.04.09

Note: This graph looks like spaghetti on purpose. I will explain.

Employment7 Sectors Providing 6% or more of Florida’s Jobs (each)

1973 to 2007

4

• Retail Trade

• Administrative & Waste Management

• Health Care & Social Assistance

• State & Local Government

• Construction

• Accommodation & Food Service

• Manufacturing

5

0.0%

2.0%

4.0%

6.0%

8.0%

10.0%

12.0%

1973

1974

1975

1976

1977

1978

1979

1980

1981

1982

1983

1984

1985

1986

1987

1988

1989

1990

1991

1992

1993

1994

1995

1996

1997

1998

1999

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

Sect

or %

of t

otal

ear

ning

s

Years

RETAIL TRADE EMPLOYMENT(Sector as % of total earnings)

1973 - 2007UNITED STATES FLORIDA

Source: Woods & Poole Economics, Inc., Washington, D.C. Copyright 2009. Woods & Poole does not guarantee the accuracy of this data. The use of this data and the conclusions drawn from it are solely the responsibility of the user. Rev. 05.04.09

0.0%

2.0%

4.0%

6.0%

8.0%

10.0%

12.0%

14.0%

16.0%

1973

1974

1975

1976

1977

1978

1979

1980

1981

1982

1983

1984

1985

1986

1987

1988

1989

1990

1991

1992

1993

1994

1995

1996

1997

1998

1999

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

Sect

or %

of t

otal

ear

ning

s

Years

RETAIL TRADE EMPLOYMENT(Sector as % of total earnings)

1973 - 2007FLORIDA Southwest Florida RPC

Source: Woods & Poole Economics, Inc., Washington, D.C. Copyright 2009. Woods & Poole does not guarantee the accuracy of this data. The use of this data and the conclusions drawn from it are solely the responsibility of the user. Rev. 05.04.09

0.00

200.00

400.00

600.00

800.00

1,000.00

1,200.00

1,400.00

0.00

5,000.00

10,000.00

15,000.00

20,000.00

25,000.00

1973

1974

1975

1976

1977

1978

1979

1980

1981

1982

1983

1984

1985

1986

1987

1988

1989

1990

1991

1992

1993

1994

1995

1996

1997

1998

1999

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

Years

Thou

sand

s of j

obs -

stat

e

Thou

sand

s of j

obs -

US

RETAIL TRADE EMPLOYMENT(in thousands of jobs)

1973 - 2007UNITED STATES FLORIDA

Source: Woods & Poole Economics, Inc., Washington, D.C. Copyright 2009. Woods & Poole does not guarantee the accuracy of this data. The use of this data and the conclusions drawn from it are solely the responsibility of the user. Rev. 05.04.09

0.00

5.00

10.00

15.00

20.00

25.00

30.00

0.00

200.00

400.00

600.00

800.00

1,000.00

1,200.00

1,400.00

1973

1974

1975

1976

1977

1978

1979

1980

1981

1982

1983

1984

1985

1986

1987

1988

1989

1990

1991

1992

1993

1994

1995

1996

1997

1998

1999

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

Thou

sand

s of j

obs -

Regi

on

Thou

sand

s of j

obs -

Stat

e

Years

RETAIL TRADE EMPLOYMENT(in thousands of jobs)

1973 - 2007FLORIDA Apalachee RPC

Source: Woods & Poole Economics, Inc., Washington, D.C. Copyright 2009. Woods & Poole does not guarantee the accuracy of th is data. The use of this data and the conclusions drawn from it are solely the responsibility of the user. Rev. 05.04.09Source: Woods & Poole Economics, Inc., Washington, D.C. Copyright 2009. Woods & Poole does not guarantee the accuracy of th is data. The use of this data and the conclusions drawn from it are solely the responsibility of the user. Rev. 05.04.09

6

0.0%

2.0%

4.0%

6.0%

8.0%

10.0%

12.0%

14.0%

16.0%

1973

1974

1975

1976

1977

1978

1979

1980

1981

1982

1983

1984

1985

1986

1987

1988

1989

1990

1991

1992

1993

1994

1995

1996

1997

1998

1999

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

Sect

or %

of t

otal

jobs

Years

RETAIL TRADE EMPLOYMENT(Sector % of total jobs)

1973 - 2007UNITED STATES FLORIDA

Source: Woods & Poole Economics, Inc., Washington, D.C. Copyright 2009. Woods & Poole does not guarantee the accuracy of th is data. The use of this data and the conclusions drawn from it are solely the responsibility of the user. Rev. 05.04.09

0.0%

2.0%

4.0%

6.0%

8.0%

10.0%

12.0%

14.0%

16.0%

1973

1974

1975

1976

1977

1978

1979

1980

1981

1982

1983

1984

1985

1986

1987

1988

1989

1990

1991

1992

1993

1994

1995

1996

1997

1998

1999

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

Sect

or %

of t

otal

jobs

Years

RETAIL TRADE EMPLOYMENT(Sector % of total jobs)

1973 - 2007FLORIDA West Florida RPC UNITED STATES

Source: Woods & Poole Economics, Inc., Washington, D.C. Copyright 2009. Woods & Poole does not guarantee the accuracy of this data. The use of this data and the conclusions drawn from it are solely the responsibility of the user. Rev. 05.04.09

7Note: This graph looks like spaghetti on purpose. I will explain.

0.0%

2.0%

4.0%

6.0%

8.0%

10.0%

12.0%

14.0%

16.0%19

7319

7419

7519

7619

7719

7819

7919

8019

8119

8219

8319

8419

8519

8619

8719

8819

8919

9019

9119

9219

9319

9419

9519

9619

9719

9819

9920

0020

0120

0220

0320

0420

0520

0620

07

Perc

ent (

%)

of e

arni

ngs -

FLO

RID

AFLORIDA - EARNINGS

(percent % of earnings by sectors 6% & over)1973 - 2007

CONSTRUCTION EMPLOYMENT

MANUFACTURING EMPLOYMENT

RETAIL TRADE

FINANCE & INSURANCE

PROFESSIONAL & TECHNICAL SERVICES

ADMINISTRATIVE & WASTE MANAGEMENT

HEALTH CARE & SOCIAL ASSISTANCE

STATE and LOCAL GOVERNMENT

Source: Woods & Poole Economics, Inc., Washington, D.C. Copyright 2009. Woods & Poole does not guarantee the accuracy of this data. The use of this data and the conclusions drawn from it are solely the responsibility of the user.

Rev. 05.04.09

Earnings8 Sectors Providing 6% or more of Florida’s Earnings (each)

1973 to 2007

8

• State & Local Government

• Health Care & Social Assistance

• Professional & Technical Services

• Construction

• Retail Trade

• Finance & Insurance

•Administrative & Waste Management

•Manufacturing

$0.00

$10,000.00

$20,000.00

$30,000.00

$40,000.00

$50,000.00

$60,000.0019

73

1974

1975

1976

1977

1978

1979

1980

1981

1982

1983

1984

1985

1986

1987

1988

1989

1990

1991

1992

1993

1994

1995

1996

1997

1998

1999

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

Ave

rage

ear

ning

s per

job

Years

EARNINGS PER JOB(Average earnings in 2007 dollars)

1973 - 2007UNITED STATES FLORIDA

Source: Woods & Poole Economics, Inc., Washington, D.C. Copyright 2009. Woods & Poole does not guarantee the accuracy of this data. The use of this data and the conclusions drawn from it are solely the responsibility of the user. Rev. 05.04.09

9

14 Employment Sectors – Average Earnings Per Job > $40K in 2007 Dollars1973 to 2007

10

• Utilities

• Management of Companies

• Federal Civilian Government

• Federal Military

• Information

• Wholesale Trade

• Manufacturing

• Finance & Insurance

• Professional & Technical Services

• Mining

• State & Local Government

• Construction

• Health Care & Social Assistance

• Transportation & Warehousing

8 Employment Sectors Average Earnings Per Job < $35K in 2007 Dollars

1973 to 2007

11

• Arts, Entertainment, & Recreation

• Administrative & Waste Management

• Retail Trade

• Educational Services

• Other Services

• Accommodation & Food Service

• Real Estate, Rental, & Leasing

• Agriculture, Forestry, Fishing, & Related

___________________________________________________________________Note: The above sectors each average 10K+ less

than state’s average earnings per job.

12

0.0%

20.0%

40.0%

60.0%

80.0%

100.0%

120.0%

140.0%

1973

1974

1975

1976

1977

1978

1979

1980

1981

1982

1983

1984

1985

1986

1987

1988

1989

1990

1991

1992

1993

1994

1995

1996

1997

1998

1999

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

Sect

or %

of t

otal

ear

ning

s

Years

RETAIL TRADE EMPLOYMENT(Sector average earnings as a % of State's sector average)

1973 - 2007

UNITED STATES Central Florida RPC FLORIDA

Source: Woods & Poole Economics, Inc., Washington, D.C. Copyright 2009. Woods & Poole does not guarantee the accuracy of th is data. The use of this data and the conclusions drawn from it are solely the responsibility of the user. Rev. 05.04.09

$0.00

$5,000.00

$10,000.00

$15,000.00

$20,000.00

$25,000.00

$30,000.00

$35,000.00

1973

1974

1975

1976

1977

1978

1979

1980

1981

1982

1983

1984

1985

1986

1987

1988

1989

1990

1991

1992

1993

1994

1995

1996

1997

1998

1999

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

Ave

rage

sect

or e

arni

ngs

Years

RETAIL TRADE EMPLOYMENT(Average earnings for sector in 2007 dollars)

1973 - 2007UNITED STATES FLORIDA

Source: Woods & Poole Economics, Inc., Washington, D.C. Copyright 2009. Woods & Poole does not guarantee the accuracy of this data. The use of this data and the conclusions drawn from it are solely the responsibility of the user. Rev. 05.04.09

$0.00

$5,000.00

$10,000.00

$15,000.00

$20,000.00

$25,000.00

$30,000.00

$35,000.00

1973

1974

1975

1976

1977

1978

1979

1980

1981

1982

1983

1984

1985

1986

1987

1988

1989

1990

1991

1992

1993

1994

1995

1996

1997

1998

1999

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

Ave

rage

sect

or e

arni

ngs

Years

RETAIL TRADE EMPLOYMENT(Average earnings for sector in 2007 dollars)

1973 - 2007FLORIDA West Florida RPC

Source: Woods & Poole Economics, Inc., Washington, D.C. Copyright 2009. Woods & Poole does not guarantee the accuracy of th is data. The use of this data and the conclusions drawn from it are solely the responsibility of the user. Rev. 05.04.09

0.0%

2.0%

4.0%

6.0%

8.0%

10.0%

12.0%

1973

1974

1975

1976

1977

1978

1979

1980

1981

1982

1983

1984

1985

1986

1987

1988

1989

1990

1991

1992

1993

1994

1995

1996

1997

1998

1999

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

Sect

or %

of t

otal

ear

ning

s

Years

RETAIL TRADE EMPLOYMENT(Sector as % of total earnings)

1973 - 2007UNITED STATES FLORIDA

Source: Woods & Poole Economics, Inc., Washington, D.C. Copyright 2009. Woods & Poole does not guarantee the accuracy of this data. The use of this data and the conclusions drawn from it are solely the responsibility of the user. Rev. 05.04.09

13

0.0%

2.0%

4.0%

6.0%

8.0%

10.0%

12.0%

14.0%

16.0%

1973

1974

1975

1976

1977

1978

1979

1980

1981

1982

1983

1984

1985

1986

1987

1988

1989

1990

1991

1992

1993

1994

1995

1996

1997

1998

1999

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

Sect

or %

of t

otal

jobs

and

tota

l ear

ning

s

Years

RETAIL TRADE EMPLOYMENT(% of total jobs for sector vs. % earnings for sector)

Florida 1973 - 2007Sector Percent of Total Employment Sector Percent of Total Earnings

Source: Woods & Poole Economics, Inc., Washington, D.C. Copyright 2009. Woods & Poole does not guarantee the accuracy of this data. The use of this data and the conclusions drawn from it are solely the responsibility of the user. Rev. 05.04.09

14

The Good

• 7 million new jobs from 1973 to 2007

• 800,000 in Health Care / Social Assistance

• 550,000 in Professional & Technical Services

The Bad

Three sectors that pay higher percentage of earnings than employment percentage they represent were hit hard by recent economic downturn

• Construction

• Finance & Insurance

• State & Local Government

15

The Ugly

Of the 7 million new jobs added since 1973:

• over 3.5 million, more than one half, are in the 8 sectors averaging gross earnings of some $10K less than the state average earnings per job

• none of the 8 sectors pays total earnings proportionate to the percentage of employment the sector represents

• local / state governments may be faced with providing additional services to workforce families with limited incomes, and little or no employer-provided benefits, for these growing employment sectors