emta tech support guide

Terayon Communication Systems

TA 102/202 eMTATechnical Support Guide

Part No. 8500276 Rev B

December 2004

ii TA 102/202 Technical Support Guide

Contacting Terayon Communication Systems

You can contact Terayon Communication Systems as follows:

• Telephone: (888) 783-7296 (888-7-Terayon) or 408-235-5823, 24 hours a day, 7 days a week

• Postal mail:

Terayon Communication Systems4988 Great America ParkwaySanta Clara, CA 95054, U.S.A.

• e-mail: [email protected] (for technical support)[email protected] (for product information)

• Feedback and suggestions to Technical Publications Group:[email protected]

• Worldwide Web: http://www.terayon.com

European Support

• Telephone: 32.1.638.4772

• email: [email protected] (for technical support)

Asia/Pacific Support

• Telephone: 852.2111.5980

• email: [email protected] (for technical support)

Contents

Chapter PrefaceWhy Use This Guide? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . vii

How To Use This Guide . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . vii

About This Guide . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . viiOrganization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . vii

Icons Used in This Guide . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . viii

Chapter 1 OverviewWhat is an Embedded MTA? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-2

MTA. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-2Cable Modem . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-2

The TA 102/202 eMTA at a Glance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-3Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-3

Hardware Architecture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-4TA 102/202 eMTA Interfaces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-5

RF Interface. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-5High Speed Data Interfaces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-6POTS Interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-6

Speech Codec . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-7

MIB Support . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-8

Security . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-9

Quality of Service (QoS) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-9

Standards Compliancy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-9DOCSIS 2.0/Euro-DOCSIS 1.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-9PacketCable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-10

Chapter 2 InstallationGetting Started . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-2

Package Contents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-2Terayon TA-102 or TA-202 MTA Modem Package Contents . . . . . . . . 2-2

System Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-2

MTA Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-4What the Customer Will Need . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-4 Modem Connectors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-5CATV Coax Cable to TA-102/202 eMTA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-6Connecting the Power Adapter to the TA-102/202 eMTA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-7Connecting the TA-102/202 eMTA to a PC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-9

Connecting the 10/100 Base-T Ethernet Cable. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-9Connecting the USB Cable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-11

Connecting A Telephone to the TA-102/202 eMTA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-13

TA 102/202 Technical Support Guide iii

TA-102/202 eMTA Start Up . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-14Front Panel Indicators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-15

BU 802 Battery Backup Unit Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-16Readying the Installation Site. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-18Unpacking the BU 802 Battery Backup Unit. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-18Battery Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-19eMTA/BBU Mating . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-21BU 802 Wall Mounting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-22Power Up and Check . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-24Battery Status LED. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-25BU 802 Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-27

Chapter 3 TroubleshootingTroubleshooting Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-3

Typical End User Problems and Solutions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-4Problem: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-4Possible Solution: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-4Problem: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-4Possible Solution: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-4Problem: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-5Possible Solution: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-5Problem: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-6Possible Solution: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-6Problem: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-6Possible Solution: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-6Problem: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-7Possible Solution: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-7Problem: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-8Possible Solution: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-8Problem: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-8Possible Solution: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-8Problem: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-8Possible Solution: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-8

TA 102/202 eMTA Front Panel LED Definitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-9

Chapter 4 PacketCable Network ArchitecturePacketCable Network Architecture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-2

PacketCable Functional Components . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-3Trusted and Untrusted Network Elements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-3Multimedia Terminal Adapter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-3Cable Modem (CM) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-4Cable Modem Termination System (CMTS) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-4

CMTS Gate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-5Call Management Server (CMS) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-6Announcement Server (ANS). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-7

iv TA 102/202 Technical Support Guide

OSS Support Systems (OSS) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-7Provisioning Servers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-8Security Servers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-8Record Keeping Servers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-8

PSTN Gateway. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-9

Placing a Call in a PacketCable Network . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-10

TA 102/202 Technical Support Guide v

Preface

Why Use This Guide?

If your goal is to learn about the Terayon TA 102/202 eMTA, you are in the right place. This guide provides a brief overview of the TA 102/202 eMTA as well as information about how to install it and get it up and running.

How To Use This Guide

This guide is organized so you can find out about the TA 102/202 eMTA in a sequence you prefer, or you can read about specific TA 102/202 eMTA topics without the need to wade through information you already know. Each chapter gives you a list of topics you can use as a guide to what’s in the chapter.

You’ll also find that some topics may be covered in more than one place in the guide, with one location providing more information than the other. When this happens, we provide a cross-reference to where the topic is covered in detail.

About This Guide

The following tells you what we have included between the covers of this guide.

Organization

Chapter 1: “Overview” outlines the functional features of the TA 102/202 eMTA. Here’s where you learn what the TA 102/202 eMTA can do. We cover operational features, hardware architecture, along with MIB support.

IMPORTANT: The Contents of the TA 102/202 eMTA Technical Support Guide are subject to change without notice. Some features and capability descriptions may not be complete and will be enhanced in future revisions of the guide.

TA 102/202 Technical Support Guide vii

Chapter 2, “Installation” This chapter tells you how to install the TA 102/202 eMTA. You’ll find out what tools you’ll need, what the environmental and power requirements are, and a slew of installation instructions.

Chapter 3, “Troubleshooting” This chapter contains trouble shooting information intended to help you identify and correct TA 102/202 eMTA malfunctions.

Chapter 4, “PacketCable Architecture” delves into the architecture of a PacketCable network. If you have an understanding of how PacketCable works, or you don’t care how it works, you can probably skip this chapter. But, it won’t hurt to look it over anyway.

Icons Used in This Guide

!WARNING: Warning icons and messages alert you to possible physical harm to you or the equipment.

CAUTION: Caution icons and messages are equipment damage precautions to alert you to possible harm and/or equipment failure.

IMPORTANT: Important messages contain information essential to avoiding a serious problem with an application, device, or system.

NOTE NOTE: Note messages are helpful hints to help you perform a task or understand text.

viii TA 102/202 Technical Support Guide

Chapter 1

Overview

TA 10

The Terayon TA 102 and 202 are PacketCable compliant embedded Multimedia Terminal Adapters (eMTAs) that perform all the control functions required for PacketCable telephony calls. Chapter 1 provides a brief overview of TA 102/202 eMTA features and functions. The material presented includes:

• What is an Embedded MTA?• The TA 102/202 eMTA at a Glance• Hardware Architecture• MIB Support• Security• Quality of Service (QoS)• Standards Compliancy

Figure 1-1 The TA 102/202 eMTA

Power

Line 1

Line 2

TA-102

Cable

PC

Data

Test

2/202 Technical Support Guide 1-1

Chapter 1 Overview What is an Embedded MTA?

What is an Embedded MTA?

No matter how much of a cyberpro you are — or how much of a novice, there’s always something new to learn. The astute reader (you of course) may be wondering what an embedded MTA is. Basically it’s an MTA and a cable modem combined into one box.

MTA

A Multimedia Terminal Adapter (MTA) is a device that performs all the control func-tions for PacketCable telephony calls. One side of the MTA accepts input from tele-phones or telephone like devices, the other side of the device connects to a cable modem. In short, it converts analog voice signals to IP packets.

Cable Modem

As you already know, a cable modem is a device that resides in the subscribers home and actually generates and places upstream signals on the coaxial cable. It also decodes the raw downstream signals from the network so they can be interpreted by the MTA.

Figure 1-2 TA 102/202 eMTA

Embedded Multimedia Terminal Adapter (eMTA)(An MTA and a CM in one package)

Functions:

Converts voice signals to IP packets and vice versa.

Generates multiple audio indicators to phones.

Provides standard PSTN analog line signaling for audio tones,voice transport, caller-ID signaling, and message and waitingindicators.

Generates and places upstream signals on the coax cableand decodes raw downstream signals from the HFCnetwork so they can be interpreted by the MTA.

Identifiers:

Two MAC addresses, one for the MTA, one for the CM.

Two IP addresses, one for the MTA, one for the CM.

Two Fully Qualified Domain Names (FQDN), one for the MTA,one for the CM.

TA 102/202

1-2 TA 102/202 Technical Support Guide

The TA 102/202 eMTA at a Glance Chapter 1 Overview

The TA 102/202 eMTA at a Glance

Built around the Terayon TJ 715x cable modem, the TA 102 (DOCSIS) and the TA 202 (Euro-DOCSIS) lets cable operators offer simultaneously to their subscribers, both high speed data and voice services. The TA 102 and TA 202 are two-line, PacketCable compliant eMTAs designed for indoor use. Both are AC powered with an optional battery backup.

These high performance eMTAs are the only cable telephony products of their kind that incorporate the Advanced Physical Layer technologies selected by CableLabs for inclu-sion in the DOCSIS 2.0 specification. When deployed with a DOCSIS based CMTS, such as the Terayon BW 3500 or the BW 3200, the combination delivers enhanced noise immunity and substantially more upstream capacity than previous generations of of DOCSIS or Euro-DOCSIS technology. This makes the TA 102/202 eMTA the most scal-able VoIP solution available.

Features

Exclusive OpenPHY (A-TDMA and S-CDMA) technology — Delivers substantially more bandwidth for enhanced scalability and superior noise immunity for extremly high quality calls.

Single platform for integrated voice and data services — Exceptional scalability and cost effective, especially when used with a DOCSIS 2.0 based CMTS such as the Terayon BW 3500 or BW 3200.

Forward and backward compatability — Coexits with DOCSIS and Euro-DOCSIS 1.0 and 1.1 modems and eMTAs on the same physical plant.

Easy installation and versatile performance — Horizontal, vertical or wall mount orientation, plug and play self-installation, two RJ-11 jacks for separate voice lines, transparent fax/modem support, plus Ethernet (RJ-45) and USB data interfaces.

High reliability — SNMP-based management, provisioning and monitoring interface; optional battery backup provides six hours standby, four hours active.

Full security support — Invokes DOCSIS 1.1 BPI+ and PacketCable specifications.

TA 102/202 Technical Support Guide 1-3

Chapter 1 Overview Hardware Architecture

Hardware Architecture

In this section we delve into what’s inside the TA 102/202 eMTA. Figure 1-3 shows the basic architecture of the eMTA, and the following sections describe its I/O interfaces.

Figure 1-3 TA 102/202 eMTA Basic Architecture

iMEDIABROADBANDMODEM CHIP

ETHERNETINTERFACE

USBINTERFACE

HVSUBSCRIBER

LINE INTERFACECIRCUIT

HVSUBSCRIBER

LINE INTERFACECIRCUITLV

SUBSCRIBERLINE INTERFACE

CIRCUIT

SPEECHCODEC

TUNER

4 MBFLASH MEMORY

16 MBSDRAM

RF IN/OUT

CONTROL

US

BC

ON

NR

J-45C

ON

NR

J-11C

ON

NR

J-11C

ON

N

A/D

D/A

CABLEMODEM

MTA


Hardware Architecture Chapter 1 Overview

TA 102/202 eMTA Interfaces

An eMTA must interact and communicate with its environment so it can perform useful tasks. It communicates with its environment through interfaces — electrical links that connect two or more pieces of equipment together. The TA 102/202 eMTA provides four interfaces for communicating with its environment. They are:

• RF Interface• Ethernet Interface• USB Interface• POTS Interface.

The following sections explain the functions of TA 102/202 eMTA interfaces. Figure 1-4 identifies the interface connectors.

Figure 1-4 TA 102/202 eMTA Interface Connectors

RF Interface

Like a television set, an eMTA requires a tuner to receive information from a cable chan-nel. But unlike the television set, the eMTA can transmit information to the cable chan-nel, thus requiring a tuner that can send and receive digital information. The TA 102/202 eMTA uses a specially designed tuner for subscriber side cable modem applications. The tuner covers a frequency range from 50 to 860 MHz for down stream signals, 5 to 42 Mhz for TA 102 upstream signals and 5 to 65Mhz TA 202 upstream signals. RF Inter-face (tuner) connection to the cable channel is through a 75 ohm “F” type connector.

The TA 102 eMTA is DOCSIS 2.0 certified and the TA 202 eMTA is Euro-DOCSIS 1.1 compliant.

RF INTERFACE

RJ-45 ETHERNET INTERFACEUSB INTERFACE

RJ-11 POTS INTERFACE

TA 102/202 eMTAREAR VIEW


Chapter 1 Overview Hardware Architecture

High Speed Data Interfaces

The TA 102/202 eMTA is versatile in that it offers two methods for connecting a subscriber PC to a CATV cable. There is a USB connection and an Ethernet connection. Only one connection (Ethernet or USB) is permitted.

Ethernet Interface

For an Ethernet connection, the point of connection between a subscriber PC and the TA 102/202 eMTA is the Ethernet Interface. The Ethernet Interface consists of a standard 10Base-T RJ-45 Ethernet connector, voltage suppressors, a 10Base-T LAN single port transformer module, and a universal Ethernet interface adapter.

The Ethernet Interface can support up 32 concurrent Ethernet devices (hosts) on the internal LAN side, each one with its own IP and MAC address. Note that the interface is fully compliant with the IEEE 802.3 specification and operates in full-duplex mode. Additionally, the TA 102/202 eMTA Ethernet Interface can be configured so it can filter packets that are not IP or ARP based.

USB Interface

For a USB connection, the point of connection for a subscriber PC and the TA 102/202 eMTA is the USB Interface. The USB Interface provides the physical interface to the USB cable and consists of a standard USB connector, USB port transient voltage suppressors, a switching current source, and associated components. In other words, it has all the control circuitry and line drivers to support 12 Mbps operation, including the CM USB Communications 1.1 Class Driver.

POTS Interface

For a POTS (Plain Old Telephone System) connection to a telephone the TA 102/202 eMTA provides a POTS Interface. The POTS interface consists of two Subscriber Line Interface Circuits (see Figure 1-3) that provide two telephony line interfaces for twisted pair connections. The Subscriber Line Interface Circuits (SLIC) provide the following:

• Line Feed, to provide power to a phone even during power outages.• Overload Protection, so a lightning strike doesn’t blow up the MTA.• Ringing, so you know when someone’s calling.• Signaling, to detect when the receiver is off the hook and what number you dial.• Coding, to convert analog signals to digital signals and vice versa.

Each line supports a loop length of at least one hundred and fifty(150) meters, providing a loop line voltage of 48 VDC. Note also that each line can have its own phone number and they can be used simultaneously. Both line interfaces support the administrative coupling of multiple subscriber numbers to a single line.


Hardware Architecture Chapter 1 Overview

Additionally, both line interfaces support all telephony services, such as Caller ID, Call forwarding, Call Waiting, etc. For a European application, the POTS interface can func-tion with equipment compliant to the European Telecommunications Standards Insti-tute (ETSI) specification.

Speech Codec

How do you send analog voice signals to and from a telephone over a PacketCable network? Actually you can’t, the analog voice signals must be converted to digital signals and then sent over a PacketCable network. The device in an MTA responsible for signal conversion is called a Codec. Figure 1-5 illustrates the function of a Codec.

Figure 1-5 A Codec at Work

In the TA 102/202 eMTA the Speech Codec (see Figure 1-3) is a Digital Signal Processor (DSP). It carries out the analog to digital and digital to analog signal conversion. What’s inside a DSP? A DSP contains these key components:

• Program Memory: Stores the program the DSP uses to process data.• Data Memory: Stores the information to be processed.• Compute Engine: Performs the math processing, accessing the program from the

Memory and the data from the Data Memory.• Input/Output: Serves a range of functions to connect to the outside world.

PacketCable Network

"Hello"

"Hello"

MTA MTA

AnalogVoice

AnalogVoice

Codec convertsanalog to digital

Codec convertsdigital to analog


Chapter 1 Overview MIB Support

The program that runs the DSP is called an audio codec. A codec (coined from coder/decoder) is a pair of algorithms. One algorithm takes analog input and delivers digital output. The other algorithm does the opposite.

By default, the TA 102/202 eMTA uses the G.711 audio codec. However, other audio codecs, such as G.726, G.728, G.723, G.729E, and G.729A, can be downloaded to the TA 102/202 eMTA.

The G.711 codec is widely used in non PacketCable IP audio networks. It provides the audio equivalent to so called “toll quality” in the PSTN. G.711 is an uncompressed codec that produces a 64 kbit output, and accurately passes audio such as DMTF tones (touch tones) and fax tones. G.711 also supports the tones used by the hearing impaired.

MIB Support

The TA 102/202 eMTA supports the following MIBs:

• Managed Objects defined in PacketCable 1.0 MIBs• DOCSIS 1.1 MIBs• IETF SNMP MIB II, per RFC 1213 with SMIv2 updates per RFC 1907,2013,2012,

and 2011 are accessible via the SNMPv3 interfaces.• The TA 102/202 eMTA supports SNMPv3 with USM and VACM, per RFCs 2261,

2273, 2270, and 2275. It also supports SMIv2, per RFC 2578, 2579, 2580.

The following attributes from MIB II are supported:

• System object groups that contact, administrative, location and service information regarding the managed node.

• Interfaces section of the MIB II (RFC 2233). The interfaces table provides mecha-nisms for identification and independent management of the interfaces in the device and needed for definitions of multiple interfaces in the TA 102/202 eMTA.

• IP object group that provides information relevant to IP protocol.• Transmission group that provides a mechanism for other MIBs related to the under-

lying media for that interface to be hooked into the MIB tree.

NOTE NOTE: The PacketCable 1.0 Specification only supports audio codecs.


Security Chapter 1 Overview

The TA 102/202 eMTA provides all of the following IETF IPCDN MIB features:

• Cable Device MIB as per [RS99a] (or the RFC version when published).• Support for 32 concurrent filters in the Cable Device MIB without performance deg-

radation.• Support for IP Packet Filtering and IP ToS coloring as per Cable Device MIB.• RF Interface MIB

Security

For security the TA 102/202 eMTA supports the DOCSIS Baseline Privacy Plus Interface Specification (BPI+) for establishing an authenticated and encrypted connection to the CMTS. The TA 102/202 eMTA also implements the PacketCable Security specification, therefore it cannot change its configuration and/or code load without authorization and authentication from the CMTS. TA 102/202 eMTA configuration is based on the concept of “least privilege.”

Quality of Service (QoS)

The TA 102/202 eMTA supports pre-provisioned Service Flows as described by the DOCSIS 2.0 specification, and 32 SIDs. It also supports static and dynamic packet classifiers along with flow scheduling mechanisms to deliver differentiated Type of Service (ToS bits) to mark IP traffic.

Voice QoS is according to PacketCable specifications defined in the section entitled Pack-etCable on page 1-10.

Standards Compliancy

The following sections outline TA 102/202 eMTA standards compliancy.

DOCSIS 2.0/Euro-DOCSIS 1.1

The TA 102/202 eMTA is DOCSIS 2.0 certified, Euro-DOCSIS compliant, and supports the following specifications:

• SP-BPI+-I10-030730 Baseline Privacy Plus Interface Specification• SP-CMCI-I09-030730 DOCSIS CM to CPE Interface Specification• SP-OSSIv2.0-I04-030730 Operations Support Systems Interface Specification• SP-RFIv2.0-I04-030730RF Interface specification• TP-RFI-ATP I04-030716 RF Interface Acceptance Test Plan


Chapter 1 Overview Standards Compliancy

PacketCable

The TA 102/202 eMTA is fully compliant with the requirements described in the following PacketCable documents:

• PKT-SP-CODEC-I05-040113• PKT-SP-DQOS-I09-040402• PKT-SP-EC-MGCP-I09-040113• PKT-SP-MIB-MTA-I07-030728• PKT-SP-MIB-SIG-I07-030728• PKT-SP-MIBS-I07-030728• PKT-SP-PROV-I09-040402• PKT-SP-SEC-I10-040113.

Euro-PacketCable

The TA 102/202 eMTA is fully compliant with the requirements described in the TS 101 909 series documents (part 1 to part 26)


Chapter 2

Installation

TA 10

You may never have to install the TA-102/202 eMTA, but you may have to field telephone calls from customers that are having problems installing their TA-102/202 eMTA. To assist you with answering customer installation questions, Chapter 2 provides a TA-102/202 eMTA installation guide similar to the installa-tion guide the customer receives with the equipment. The material presented includes:

• Getting Started- Package Contents- System Requirements

• MTA Installation- What the Customer Will Need- Modem Connectors- CATV Coax Cable to TA-102/202 eMTA- Connecting the Power Adapter to the TA-102/202 eMTA- Connecting the TA-102/202 eMTA to a PC- Connecting A Telephone to the TA-102/202 eMTA- TA-102/202 eMTA Start Up- Front Panel Indicators

• BU 802 Battery Backup Unit Installation- Readying the Installation Site- Unpacking the BU 802 Battery Backup Unit- Battery Installation- BU 802 Wall Mounting- Power Up and Check


Chapter 2 Installation Getting Started

Getting Started

This installation guide is designed for anyone who wants all the “how-to” information about installing the Terayon TA-102 or TA-202 embedded Multimedia Terminal Adapter (eMTA). You have probably heard of online help. Well, think of this installation guide as onside help.

Package Contents

The the list below and Figure 2-1 identifies the contents of the box the TA-102/202 eMTA comes in.

Terayon TA-102 or TA-202 MTA Modem Package Contents

• Terayon Model TA-102 or TA-202 MTA Modem• Modem Stand• MTA modem Power Adaptor• RJ-45 Ethernet Cable • Universal Serial Bus (USB) Cable • CD-ROM with USB Drivers

System Requirements

To install the TA-102/202 eMTA the customer computer system requires the following hardware and software.

Hardware/Software IBM PC or Compatible Apple/Macintosh

CPU Pentium class microprocessor or equivalent

Power PC 601 or later; iMac®

Memory (RAM) 32 MB 24 MB

Available Disk Space 50 MB 50 MB

Operating System Windows® 95, 98, 2000, ME, XP, Windows NT® 4.0 Workstation

OS 7.5.1 or later

Network Connectivity Must have (any one):USB Port 10/100 Base-T Ethernet CardPCMCIA Ethernet Card (laptop)

Must have (any one):USB Port 10/100 Base-T Ethernet CardPCMCIA Card (laptop)


Getting Started Chapter 2 Installation

Figure 2-1 Package Contents

IMPORTANT: Computers using Windows 95, NT 4.0, or a Macintosh operating system must use an Ethernet port to connect the TA-102/202 eMTA

MODEM STAND

RJ-45 ETHERNET CABLE

USB CABLE

CD-ROMWITH USB DRIVERS

POWER ADAPTERNOTE: The appropriate Power Adapter is included with your modem.

Power

Line 1

Line 2

TA-102

TERAYONMULTIMEDIA TERMINAL ADAPTER MODEM

MODEL TA-102 or TA-202

Cable

PC

Data

Test

TerayonAC Adaptor


Chapter 2 Installation MTA Installation

MTA Installation

This section guides you through the following installation steps:

• Connecting the CATV Coaxial Cable to the TA-102/202 eMTA• Connecting the Power Adaptor to the TA-102/202 eMTA• Connecting the TA-102/202 eMTA to the computer• Starting the TA-102/202 eMTA.

What the Customer Will NeedTo install the TA-102/202 eMTA, the customer will need the following items:

• Two coaxial cables of a length appropriate to the installation• One cable line splitter• A 7/16 inch wrench or spanner.

When installing the TA-102/202 eMTA a cable splitter and two new cables are required. The cable splitter divides the incoming signal from the cable company into two signals, one for the household TVs, and one for the MTA modem. No TV sets are allowed on the cable that connects to the MTA modem. Figure 2-2 illustrates a typical MTA modem installation.

Figure 2-2 Typical TA-102/202 eMTA Installation

5-600MHz SPLITTERIN

OUT

OUT

NEW INSTALLATION

CABLE SPLITTERPC TOWER

VCR

TVTV

CATV CONVERTERTV CABLE

ETHERNET OR USB CABLE

TV AND DATA CABLE

CABLE OUTLETSIGNAL FROM

CABLE CO.

COAX CABLE "A"(DATA)

CO

AX

CA

BLE

"B

"(T

V C

AB

LE)

LINE 2LINE 1

TERAYONDOCSIS or EuroDOCSIS

MTA MODEM

Power

Line 1

Line 2

TA-102

Cable

PC

Data

Test


MTA Installation Chapter 2 Installation

Modem Connectors

Take a moment to familiarize yourself with the TA-102/202 eMTA connectors identified in Figure 2-3. An explanation of each connector follows the illustration.

Figure 2-3 TA-102/202 eMTA Connectors

1 - RF Cable Connector Connects the TA-102/202 eMTA to the incoming signal from the cable company via a cable splitter.

2 - DC Power Input-jack Connects the TA-102/202 eMTA to the Modem Power Adaptor or an optional Battery Backup Unit.

3 - RJ-45 Ethernet Port Connects the TA-102/202 eMTA to the Ethernet port on the computer NIC card.

4 - USB Serial Port Connects the TA-102/202 eMTA to the USB port on the computer.

5 - RJ-11 Line 1 Port Connects the TA-102/202 eMTA to an external telephone.

6 - RJ-11 Line 2 Port Connects the TA-102/202 eMTA to a second external tele-phone.

12

3

4

56



CATV Coax Cable to TA-102/202 eMTA

In order for the TA-102/202 eMTA and the subscriber’s PC to access the Internet, you need to connect the coaxial cable that comes from the cable outlet to the eMTA. This is typically done using a cable splitter.

To connect the TA-102/202 eMTA to the CATV coaxial cable, follow these steps:

1. Locate the CATV coaxial cable connected to the cable outlet.

You can find it in one of three ways:

- It may be connected to a TV, Converter Box, or a VCR.- It may be connected to a wall mounted outlet.- It may be coming out from under a baseboard or some other location.

2. When you locate the CATV coaxial cable, disconnect it from the TV, Converter Box, or VCR. You may need to use a wrench to disconnect the cable.

3. Locate the cable splitter, then using Figure 2-4 as a guide, connect the CATV coax cable you disconnected in step 2 to the IN connector on the cable splitter. Tighten the connector with a 7/16 inch wrench.

Figure 2-4 Connecting Coax Cables to Cable Splitter

4. Using Figure 2-4 as a guide, connect one end of a coax cable (Cable “B”) to one of the OUT connectors on the cable splitter. Tighten the connector with 7/16 inch wrench.

5. Connect the remaining end of Cable “B” (TV Cable) to the same TV, Converter Box, or VCR.

SPLITTER

IN

OUT

OUT

CABLE SPLITTER

CATV COAX CABLEFROM

TV, CONVERTER, VCR or WALL OUTLET

COAX CABLETO eMTA RF CONNECTOR

(CABLE "A")

COAX CABLETO TV, CONVERTER OR VCR

(CABLE "B")



6. Again, using Figure 2-4 as a guide, connect one end of coax Cable “A” (Data) to the remaining OUT connector on the cable splitter. Tighten the connection with a 7/16 inch wrench.

7. Remove the TA-102/202 eMTA from its box and place it near the computer.

8. Connect the remaining end of coax Cable “A” (Data) to the RF connector on the TA-102/202 eMTA as shown in Figure 2-5. Tighten the connection with a 7/16 wrench.

Figure 2-5 Connecting the RF Cable to the TA-102/202 eMTA

Connecting the Power Adapter to the TA-102/202 eMTAPower for the TA-102/202 eMTA is generated by an AC Power Adapter unit that comes with the unit or by an optional BU 802 Battery Backup Unit. If the subscriber is going to use the BU 802 Battery Backup Unit, procced to “BU 802 Battery Backup Unit Installa-tion” on page 2-16.

If the subscriber is going to use only the AC Power Adapter as the TA-102/202 eMTA power source, perform the following procedure. Note that the Power Adapter comes equipped with an AC power plug that is in compliance with the requirements of the country.

RF CONNECTOR

COAX CABLEFROM CABLE SPLITTER

(CABLE "A")





To connect the Power Adapter to the TA-102/202 eMTA, do the following:

1. Remove the Power Adapter from the eMTA box.

2. Using Figure 2-6 as a guide, align the key groove on the DC Output plug with the key slot in the DC Power Input jack on the back of the eMTA.

3. Push the plug into the jack so the cable is firmly connected.

Figure 2-6 Connecting the Power Adaptor to the TA-102/202 eMTA

IMPORTANT: Do not connect the Adaptor to an AC outlet at this time.

POWER ADAPTEROUTPUT CONNECTOR

DC POWERINPUT JACK

TO POWERADAPTER





Connecting the TA-102/202 eMTA to a PC

If the customer computer is to communicate with the TA-102/202 eMTA and the Internet, it must be equipped with a network interface. Today’s computers are typically equipped with either a 10/100 Base-T Ethernet port or a Universal Serial Bus (USB) port. The TA-102/202 eMTA comes equipped with RJ-45 Ethernet and USB connectors, allowing the unit to connect to either an Ethernet port or a USB serial port. To connect the TA-102/202 eMTA to a PC, do the following:

1. Before you begin connecting the TA-102/202 eMTA to a PC, check to see what kind of a network interface the PC is equipped with.

2. If the PC is equipped with a 10/100 Base-T Ethernet card, proceed to “Connecting the 10/100 Base-T Ethernet Cable” on page 2-9. If the PC is equipped with a USB Serial Port, proceed to “Connecting the USB Cable” on page 2-11.

Connecting the 10/100 Base-T Ethernet Cable

To connect the 10/100 Base-T Ethernet cable, follow these steps:

1. Retrieve the 10/100 Base-T Ethernet cable from the box the TA-102/202 eMTA came in.

2. Using Figure 2-7 as a guide, connect one end of the 10/100 Base-T Ethernet cable to the RJ-45 Ethernet port on the back of the unit.

3. Connect the remaining end of the 10/100 Base-T Ethernet cable into the RJ-45 Ether-net port on the Ethernet Interface Card as shown in Figure 2-7.

4. If the TA-102/202 eMTA is going to connect a telephone, proceed to “Connecting A Telephone to the TA-102/202 eMTA” on page 2-13. If not, proceed to “TA-102/202 eMTA Start Up” on page 2-14.

IMPORTANT: If the customer PC does not have a network interface of some kind, they will have to purchase one from a retailer or the cable company and install it according to manufacturer instructions.



Figure 2-7 Connecting the 10/100Base-T Ethernet Cable

10/100 BASE-T ETHERNET CABLE

RF CABLETO

SPLITTER

PC TOWERREAR VIEW

ETHERNETINTERFACE CARD

ETHERNET PORT

RJ-45ETHERNET

PORT





Connecting the USB Cable

In order for the computer USB Interface to pass data back and forth to the TA-102/202 eMTA, you must connect a USB cable to the TA-102/202 eMTA USB port and the USB port on the back of the computer.

To connect the USB cable, follow these steps:

1. Retrieve the USB cable from the box the TA-102/202 eMTA came in.

2. Using Figure 2-8 as a guide, insert the USB cable “B” connector into the USB Serial port on the back of the TA-102/202 eMTA.

3. Insert the USB cable “A” connector into the computer USB Serial port on the back of the computer.

4. If you are going to connect a telephone to the modem, proceed to “Connecting A Tele-phone to the TA-102/202 eMTA” on page 2-13. If you are not going to connect a tele-phone to the modem, proceed to “TA-102/202 eMTA Start Up” on page 2-14.

IMPORTANT: Before you install the USB cable, you must install a USB driver. Insert the USB Driver CD that came with the modem into your CD-ROM drive and follow the online instructions. You may have to tell the computer what drive your CD-ROM drive is.

USB DRIVER CD

CD-ROM DRIVE



Figure 2-8 Connecting the USB Cable

RF CABLETO

SPLITTER

USB CABLE

PC TOWERREAR VIEW

PC USB PORT

USB PORT

"B" CONNECTOR

"A" CONNECTOR

TERAYONMULTIMEDIA TERMINAL ADAPTER




Connecting A Telephone to the TA-102/202 eMTA

Since music and video are transmitted back and forth across an HFC network and the Internet, why not telephone conversations? Well, now you can. Both the TA-102 and TA-202 are equipped with RJ-11 phone jacks where you can connect two telephones. To connect a telephone to the TA-102/202 eMTA, follow these steps:

1. Locate the telephone you wish to connect to the TA-102/202 eMTA and place it where you wish to locate it.

2. Verify the telephone has an RJ-11 telephone cable connected to it.

If the telephone does not have a telephone cable connected to it, the customer can purchase one at a local retail store.

3. Using Figure 2-9 as a guide, insert the telephone cable RJ-11 plug into the Line 1 RJ-11 jack on the back of the unit.

4. If you have a second telephone, insert the telephone cable RJ-11 plug into the Line 2 RJ-11 jack on the back of the unit as shown in Figure 2-9.

Figure 2-9 Connecting Phones to the TA-102/202 eMTA

RJ-11 TELEPHONE

CABLE

RJ-11 PHONECABLE

LINE 2RJ-11 JACK

LINE 1RJ-11 JACK

RJ-11 PLUG

RJ-11PLUG





TA-102/202 eMTA Start UpTo start operating the TA-102/202 eMTA, do the following:

1. Plug the Power Adaptor into an appropriate AC power outlet.

Once the TA-102/202 eMTA is properly connected and power is applied, it will auto-matically boot-up and start scanning for an active downstream channel.

2. Verify the Power and PC LED indicators on the unit front panel are ON.



Front Panel IndicatorsThe indicator LEDs on the front panel of the TA-102/202 eMTA tell you what’s happen-ing during a communications session. The table below tells you what each LED indica-tor means. Note that the customer has this table in their installation guide.

LED Color Definition

Power Green • Dark when power is Off.• Solid when power is On.

Amber • Flashing slowly when the Battery Backup Unit bat-tery is powering the modem.

• Solid when the Battery Backup Unit battery is bad.

Cable Green • Dark when no downstream RF carrier is present or when power is Off.

• Flashing slowly when an RF carrier is present and ranging is in process.

• Flashing rapidly when registration is in process.• Flashing continuously when network access has been

disabled by your cable company.• Solid when modem registration is complete and

ready to transfer data.

PC Green • Dark when there is no carrier signal present to or from your PC or when power is Off.

• Solid when there is a carrier signal present to or from your PC.

• Flashes slowly when data switch is OFF and PC con-nected.

Data Green • Dark when there is no data passing through the modem or when power is Off.

• Flashing when your PC is receiving data.

Test Green • Dark when initial modem self-test is OK, or power is Off.

• Flashing when modem self-test is in process, or when the modem is receiving software updates.

• Flashes when the modem fails the initial self-test during startup.

• Solid when the modem fails the initial self test.

Line 1 Green • Dark when phone call service is unavailable.• Solid when phone call service is available.• Flashing when a phone call is in progress.

Line 2 Green Same as Line 1.

Power

Line 1

Line 2

TA-102

Cable

PC

Data

Test


Chapter 2 Installation BU 802 Battery Backup Unit Installation

BU 802 Battery Backup Unit Installation

A telephone subscriber in a PSTN (Public Switched Telephone Network) typically will still have phone service when the main AC power fails. That’s because the phone company uses a battery backup system to keep the phones operational during a power failure. On the other hand, a phone subscriber in an HFC PacketCable network will loose phone service during a power outage—unless he or she operates their cable modem/MTA from a battery backup unit.

To keep a TA-102/202 eMTA operational during a local AC power failure, Terayon pro-vides the BU 802 Battery Backup Unit. As a battery backup unit the BU 802 senses an AC power loss and automatically switches to battery power so the TA-102/202 eMTA remains operational during an AC power outage. When AC power is restored, battery power is switched out and the Power Adapter provides DC power for the TA-102/202 eMTA.

Figure 2-10 BU 802 Battery Backup Unit

BU 802 units can hold two lithium battery packs. Each battery pack can power the TA-102/202 eMTA for 2 or 4 hours, depending on the type. However to accommodate cus-tomer preferences, the BU 802 can have up to five battery configurations. Figure 2-11 below illustrates those five battery configurations

BU 802 BATTERY BACKUP UNITREAR VIEW

BU 802 BATTERY BACKUP UNITFRONT VIEW

DC VOLTAGEOUTPUT CABLE

(To MTA DC Input Jack) DC INPUT JACK(From Power Adapter)

DC INPUT JACK(From Power Adapter)

BATTERYSTATUS

LED

BACKPLATE


BU 802 Battery Backup Unit Installation Chapter 2 Installation

Figure 2-11 BU 802 Battery Pack Configurations

!

WARNING: There is a danger of explosion if battery packs are replaced incorrectly. Replace battery packs only with the same or equivalent type recommended by the manufacturer. Dispose of used batteries according to the manufacturer’s instructions.

Two 2S1P Lithium-IonBattery Packs

One 2S1P Lithium-IonBattery Pack

Two 2S2P Lithium-IonBattery Packs

One 2S2P Lithium-IonBattery Pack

One 2S2P Lithium-Ion Battery Pack&

One 2S1P Lithium-Ion Battery Pack



Readying the Installation Site

Before you begin to install the BU 802, take the time to do a few get-ready steps:

1. Perform a site survey to determine the best method for installing the BU 802 (desk-top or wall mounting).

2. Make sure the installation site has ample space for tools, cabling, and battery instal-lation or replacement.

3. Verify the BU 802 location will be within easy cable reach of the AC Power Adapter.

Unpacking the BU 802 Battery Backup Unit

The BU 802 Battery Backup Unit comes in a single shipping container that includes battery packs. To unpack your BU 802 Battery Backup Unit, do the following:

1. Inspect the shipping container before opening.

If you see there is damage to the shipping container, arrange for an agent of the car-rier to be present when you remove the equipment from the shipping container.

2. Remove the contents of the shipping container.

3. Verify you have everything you ordered.

4. Save the shipping container and packing material, you’ll need them if you ever intend to ship the BU 802 to some other location



Battery Installation

Installing batteries into the BU 802 involves removing the unit back plate, connecting battery cables to battery cable connectors, and placing battery packs into the individual battery compartments. The only tool you will need is a medium size Phillips screw driver.

To install batteries into the BU 802 Battery Backup Unit, do the following:

1. Using Figure 2-12 as a guide, take a medium size Phillips screw driver and remove the two screws that fasten the unit back plate (battery cover) to the plastic case. Then lift the back plate up and away from the case.

2. Locate the battery or batteries that came with the BU 802 and place them near the unit.

Figure 2-12 BU 802 Backplate (Battery Cover) Removal

3. Referring to Figure 2-13, insert battery pack cable connectors into the battery cable receptacles inside the BU 802 battery compartment.

4. With battery cables connected, install the battery packs into the BU 802 battery com-partment, see Figure 2-13.

5. Reinstall the BU 802 backplate as shown in Figure 2-14.

BU 802 BATTERY BACKUP UNITREAR VIEW

BACKPLATE

FASTENING SCREWS2 EA

DC POWER CABLETO TA-102/202 eMTA



Figure 2-13 BU 802 Battery Pack Installation

Figure 2-14 Backplate (battery cover) Reinstallation

BU 802 BATTERYBACKUP UNIT


BATTERY 1CABLE CONNECTOR

BATTERY 2CABLE CONNECTOR

BATTERY CABLERECEPTACLE

BATTERY CABLERECEPTACLE

LIT

HIU

M-I

ON

BAT

TE

RY

PA

CK

1

LIT

HIU

M-I

ON

BAT

TE

RY

PA

CK

2

BU 802 BATTERY BACKUP UNIT

BACKPLATE

FASTENING SCREWS2 EA

DC POWER CABLETO TA-102/202 eMTA



eMTA/BBU Mating

Once you have installed battery packs into the BU 802, its time to mate the TA-102/202 eMTA with the BU 802 Battery Backup Unit. To do this, follow these steps:

1. Using Figure 2-15 as a guide, mount the TA-102/202 eMTA onto the BU 802.

2. Align the key groove of the BU 802 DC voltage output connector with the key slot in the TA-102/202 eMTA DC voltage input jack, then push the connector into the jack so the cable is firmly connected.

Figure 2-15 Mating the TA-102/202 eMTA to the BU 802

3. Locate the Power Adapter that came with the modem.

4. Using Figure 2-18 as a guide, align the key groove of the Power Adapter DC Output connector with the key slot in the BU 802 voltage input jack, then push the connector into the jack so the cable is firmly connected

TA-102/202 eMTA

TA-102/202 eMTA

BU 802 BATTERY BACKUP UNITFRONT VIEW

BU 802 BATTERY BACKUP UNIT

eMTA DC VOLTAGEINPUT JACK

BBU DC VOLTAGEOUTPUT CONNECTOR



BU 802 Wall Mounting

Mounting the BU 802 to a wall location involves marking and drilling mounting holes, installing mounting screws or Molly-Bolts, and mounting the unit onto the mounting screws. To perform these tasks you will need the following tools:

• a power or hand drill• a pencil for marking hole locations• an appropriate size and type screw driver.

To mount the BU 802 to a wall, perform the following procedure. For best results, read the entire procedure before starting.

1. Remove the BU 802 back plate (battery cover), then place and hold the back plate to the selected mounting surface.

2. Using a pencil, trace the back plate mounting hole locations onto the mounting sur-face as shown in Figure 2-16.

3. Reinstall the backplate onto the BU 802 as shown in Figure 2-14.

Figure 2-16 Mounting Hole Tracing

BATTERY BACKUP UNITMOUNTING SURFACE

BATTERY BACKUP UNITBACK PLATE

Trace mounting holeonto mounting surface

Trace mounting hole

onto mounting surface

Select the area where you wish to mount the Battery Backup unit.

Using the Battery Backup back plate as a hole template, trace themounting hole locations onto the mounting surface.



4. Using a hand or power drill, drill 2 holes into the mounting surface at the locations you marked on the mounting surface. Make the depth of the holes equal to the approximate length of the screws you are going to use.

5. Install the mounting screws into the mounting holes—wood screws for a wood sur-face, Molly-Bolts for wall board. Do not tighten the screws all the way down. Leave some space between the mounting surface and the screw head so you can mount the BU 802 onto the screws.

6. Using Figure 2-17 as a guide, align the back plate mounting holes over the two mounting screws, then slide the unit onto the mounting screws.

Figure 2-17 BU 802 Wall Mounting

MOUNTING SCREWS2 EA

BATTERY BACKUP UNITMOUNTING SURFACE BU 802

BATTERY BACKUPUNIT



Power Up and Check

To power up and check out the BU 802 Battery Backup Unit, do the following:

1. Verify that all signal cables have been connected to the TA-102/202 eMTA.

2. Locate the Power Adapter that came with the modem.

3. Using Figure 2-18 as a guide, align the key groove of the Power Adapter DC Output connector with the key slot in the BU 802 voltage input jack, then push the connector into the jack so the cable is firmly connected

Figure 2-18 Connecting the Power Adapter to the BU 802 Battery Backup Unit

4. Plug the male end of the Power Adapter power cord into an AC outlet to power up the BU 802 and the TA-102/202 eMTA.

5. Verify the BU 802 Battery Status LED is a solid green color to indicate the BU 802 receiving DC power from the AC Power Adapter.

6. After powering up the BU 802, wait 10 minutes, then disconnect the Power Adapter power cord from the AC outlet.

7. Verify the BU 802 Battery LED is flashing green and the TA-102/202 eMTA Power LED is flashing amber, indicating the TA-102/202 eMTA is operating from battery backup power.

8. Reconnect the Power Adapter power cord to the AC outlet.

POWER ADAPTERDC VOLTAGE

OUTPUT CONNECTOR

TERAYON DOCSIS MODEMMODEL TA-102 or TA-202

TerayonAC Adaptor

POWER ADAPTER


DC VOLTAGEINPUT JACK



Battery Status LED

To keep subscribers informed of battery conditions, BU 802 Battery Backup Units are equipped with a Battery Status LED. Located at the bottom right side of the BU 802, as shown in Figure 2-19, this multi-colored LED indicates battery condition. Each displayed color indicates a particular battery condition.

Figure 2-19 Battery Status LED Location

Since the Battery Status LED has multi-color capability, your cable company has the option of choosing a Default LED pattern or an Optional LED pattern. You may want to call your cable company to find out what LED pattern they have configured the BU 802 Battery Backup Unit to use.

Just so you won’t have to rush out and acquire a secret decoder ring, we have provided the following tables to help you decipher battery status.

NOTE NOTE: As the cable company operator, you change the Battery Status LED pattern from Default to Optional with a private MIB.

BATTERY

BATTERY STATUS LED

BU 802 BATTERY BACKUP UNITSIDE VIEW



If your BU 802 Battery Backup Unit is using a Default Battery Status LED pattern, use Table 2-1 to determine battery pack status.

If your BU 802 Battery Backup Unit is using an Optional Battery Status LED pattern, use Table 2-2 to determine battery pack status

Table 2-1 Battery LED Status Conditions, Default Pattern

LED Color Battery Status

Green Battery packs are fully charged.

Flashing Green Battery packs are in a discharge mode.

Amber Battery packs are charging.

Flashing Amber Battery pack power is less than 25% of maximum capacity.

Red One of the two installed battery packs is defective.

Flashing Red Both installed battery packs are defective, or no battery packs have been installed.

Dark Battery packs have not been installed and the Power Adapter is not supplying the BU 802 with DC voltage—most likely not connected to the BU 802.

Table 2-2 Battery LED Status Conditions, Optional Pattern

LED Color Battery Status

Green Battery packs are fully charged.

Flashing Green Battery packs are charging.

Amber Battery pack power is less than 25% of maximum capacity.

Flashing Amber One or both of the installed battery packs is defective or are missing.

Dark Battery packs have not been installed and the Power Adapter is not supplying the BU 802 with DC voltage—most likely not connected to the BU 802.



BU 802 Specifications

Table 2-3 BU 802 Battery Backup Unit Specifications

Specification Description

Backup TimeRattings are for standard 4300 mA and 2200 mA battery packs. Note also that all backup times are are applicable for new battery packs that come directly from the factory.

Standby Time (on-hook state):• Up to 2 hours, one 2S1P battery pack.• Up to 4 hours, one 2S2P battery pack.• Up to 8 hours, two 2S2P battery packs.Operational Time (two continuous calls):• Up to 1 hour, one 2S1P battery pack.• Up to 2 hours, one 2S2P battery pack.• Up to 4 hours, two 2S2P battery packs.

Battery Type 2 rechargeable sealed Lithium-Ion battery packs @ 7.4 volts nominal output.

Battery Charge Time 24 hours after fully discharged.

Input DC Voltage 9 to 15 VDC.

Battery Backup Unit DC Output Voltage 7 to 8.4 VDC.

Normal Operating Temperature 32°F (0°C) to 113°F (45°C)

Normal Operating Humidity 20% to 90% at 86°F (30°C)

Safety UL 60950, (CSA) C22.2 N0. 60950, IEC 60950, IS60950, CE

EMI/RFI FCC part 15, Class B, CE, EN 55022, EN 55024

IMPORTANT: Allow up to 24 hours charging time for the initial battery charge: 6 hours for each 2S1P battery pack, and 12 hours for each 2S2P battery pack. When charging is complete and AC power is a vailable, the Battery Status LED on the BU 802 turns green.


Chapter 3

Troubleshooting

TA 10

Chapter 3 contains troubleshooting information intended to help you identify and correct TA 102/202 eMTA malfunctions. Troubleshooting information is con-tained in Table 3-1 and in the section entitled ‘Typical End User Problems and Solutions”.

Before getting into troubleshooting concepts, it maybe useful to briefly review the normal power-up sequence of the TA 102/202 eMTA. When power is first applied, the TA 102/202 eMTA automatically tries to join the network and become opera-tional by performing the following operations:

Top 5 LEDs Turned ON

1. Power-Up Self-Tests

Cable LED Blinking Slowly

2. Downstream channel acquisition

3. Upstream channel acquisition/Ranging

Cable LED Blinking Rapidly

4. Cable Modem establishing IP connectivity via DHCP server

5. Obtain Time of Day

6. Download configuration file via TFTP server

Cable LED Turned On and Steady

7. Registration to authorize traffic forwarding

8. Baseline Privacy initialization if enabled

9. Cable Modem in operational state

Line 1 LED Blinking Slowly

10. MTA establishes connectivity via DHCP server

Line 2 LED Blinking Slowly

11. MTA finds Key Distribution Center (KDC)

12. MTA resolves the KDC Fully Qualified Domain Name (FQDN) with DNS

13. MTA obtains tickets to the provisioning server from the KDC

14. MTA finds provisioning server

15. MTA resolves provisioning server FQDN with DNS

16. MTA establishes SNMPv3 keys with provisioning server

17. MTA informed of a successful key negotiation via an SNMP INFORM message

18. MTA gets SNMP sets for the config file location and name


Chapter 3 Troubleshooting

19. MTA downloads configuration file from TFTP server

20. MTA sends a final INFORM message to the provisioning server

Line 1 and 2 LEDs Blinking Rapidly

21. MTA finds the KDC associated with the Call Management Server (CMS)

22. MTA resolves KDC server FQDN with DNS

23. MTA obtains tickets to the provisioning server from the KDC

24. MTA finds the CMS

25. MTA resolves CMS FQDN with DNS

26. MTA establishes IPSEC SA with CMS per line

Line 1 and 2 LEDs ON and Steady

27. MTA registers each Line with corresponding CMS.


Troubleshooting Summary Chapter 3 Troubleshooting

Troubleshooting Summary

Table 3-1 shows the major problems that occur and the corrective action that can be taken. Some of these actions can be taken by the end user, other actions must be performed by a network administrator at the headend.

Table 3-1 Troubleshooting summary

Problem Action

TA 102/202 eMTA has no power. • Verify the AC outlet is providing power.

• Verify the Power Adapter is connected properly to the TA 102/202 eMTA and the AC outlet. If the Power Adapter is connected properly and still no power, replace the Power Adapter or the TA 102/202 eMTA.

• If using a Battery Backup Unit, verify it is producing the correct operating voltage. If not, replace the Bat-tery Backup Unit.

No Downstream carrier • Verify TA 102/202 eMTA cabling.

• Check for presence of a video signal.

• Verify power levels.

• Verify CMTS operation.

• Replace the TA 102/202 eMTA

Ranging Failed • Verify power levels.


• Replace the TA 102/202 eMTA.

Registration Failed • Verify DOCSIS Provisioning Server operation.


• Replace the TA 102/202 eMTA.

No Ethernet Carrier • Check TA 102/202 eMTA cabling.

• Verify the subscriber’s PC Ethernet and network con-figuration is correct.

Self-Test Failed • Replace the TA 102/202 eMTA.

No Dial Tone • Verify that when the phone is on the hook, the Line LED is ON and solid (not flashing),


Chapter 3 Troubleshooting Typical End User Problems and Solutions

Typical End User Problems and Solutions

The following is a summary of typical problems and solutions end users encounter when installing a TA 102/202 eMTA.

Problem:

I cannot access my E-mail or Internet Service.

Possible Solution:

Check all connections. Make sure the cable line is securely connected to the cable jack on the back of the TA 102/202 eMTA. Verify the Ethernet or USB cable is securely plugged into both the TA 102/202 eMTA and your network interface card or USB network inter-face. Make sure your Power Adaptor is properly plugged into both the TA 102/202 eMTA and a wall outlet or surge protector. If your TA 102/202 eMTA is properly connected, the Power, Cable, and PC indicator lights on the TA 102/202 eMTA front panel should be a solid color.

If the Power, Cable, and PC indicator lights (LEDs) are solid green (not blinking), your TA 102/202 eMTA is operating properly. Try shutting down and powering off your com-puter and then turning it back on. This will cause your computer to re-establish commu-nications with your cable company server.

1. If you are using the cable line splitter, try bypassing the splitter by disconnecting it and running a single coaxial cable between the TA 102/202 eMTA and your cable wall jack. Try reconnecting after making this change. If reconnecting is successful, you may have a bad splitter.

2. Your network interface card may be malfunctioning. Refer to the Manufacturer's doc-umentation for troubleshooting information.

3. Call your cable company to verify their service is two-way. This modem is designed for use with two-way cable plants. Verify your account is activated.

Problem:

The Cable LED never stops blinking.

Possible Solution:

Call your cable company for assistance and verify that you have subscribed for the ser-vice.


Typical End User Problems and Solutions Chapter 3 Troubleshooting

If the Cable LED is blinking slowly, verify the upstream attenuation agrees with the RF design budget.

If the Cable LED is blinking rapidly (fast), verify the subscriber MTA modem is autho-rized for service, including DHCP service. Also verify the subscriber MTA modem config-uration file is available on the TFTP server pointed to by the DHCP offer.

Problem:

At modem start-up, all the modem LEDs come ON.

Possible Solution:

A possible solution to this problem is to reset the MTA modem. To reset the MTA modem, follow these steps:

1. Inset a pointed object, such as the end of a paper clip, into the Reset Switch access hole on the back panel of the MTA modem, see Figure 3-1.

2. Push the pointed object to depress the Reset Switch. This action forces the MTA modem to re-boot.

Figure 3-1 Accessing the MTA Modem Reset Switch

3. Wait a short period of time, then verify the MTA modem starts scanning for the active modem channel from your cable company.

DATA SWITCH

RESET SWITCHPAPER CLIP





4. If all the MTA modem LEDs are still all turned ON after resetting the modem, dis-connect the Power Adapter from the AC power outlet. Wait a few seconds, then recon-nect the Power Adapter to the AC power outlet.

5. Again wait a short period of time, then verify the MTA modem starts scanning for an active modem channel. If the MTA modem LEDs are still all turned ON, the unit is most likely faulty. Issue an RMA for the unit.

Problem:

At modem start-up, only the Power LED comes ON.

Possible Solution:

Verify the RF coax cable from the cable wall jack or the cable splitter is properly connected to the RF connector on the MTA modem. If the RF cable is not properly connected to the MTA modem RF connector, the modem cannot communicate with cable company resources and therefore cannot boot-up.

If the subscriber is using a cable line splitter, try bypassing the splitter by disconnecting it and running a single coaxial cable between the MTA modem and the cable wall jack. Try reconnecting after making this change. If reconnecting is successful, the subscriber may have a bad splitter.

Additionally, verify the downstream signal is signal power is −15 dbmV to +15 dbmV.

Problem:

The power on my modem goes on and off sporadically. The Power light never stops blinking.

Possible Solution:

You may be using the wrong power supply. Check that the power supply you are using is the one that came with your TA 102/202 eMTA. If you cannot connect to the Internet at all, use this checklist to help identify possible problems:

- Make sure your computer and monitor are turned on.- Make sure all power plugs are completely inserted into their sockets.Your com-

puter and TA 102/202 eMTA should be plugged into grounded outlets.- If you are using a power strip, make sure it is turned on.- Make sure all data cables are firmly connected at both ends.- If you still do not have a connection, call your cable service to confirm they have

properly set you up for service. If so instructed, reset your TA 102/202 eMTA.


Typical End User Problems and Solutions Chapter 3 Troubleshooting

Problem:

The PC LED is blinking slowly.

Possible Solution:

The Data Switch on the rear panel of the MTA modem has been accidently pressed during installation. This action prevents the MTA modem from transferring data to the PC. To fix the problem, press the Data Switch once (see Figure 3-2), then verify the PC LED has stopped blinking. If the PC LED is still blinking, call your cable company for service.

Figure 3-2 Pressing the Data Switch

NOTE NOTE: You can disable the Data Switch by implementing the Terayon TLV-11 MIB in the MTA modem configuration file.

DATA SWITCH



Push the Data Switch to place the switchin the ON position, and stop the PC LEDblinking.



Problem:

Line 1 and/or Line 2 LEDs blink when the phones are on the hook.

Possible Solution:

Verify with your cable company that you have subscribed for voice service and that your service has been defined properly.

Problem:

No dial tone.

Possible Solution:

Before you pick up the phone, verify the LED for the associated Line is turned ON and is solid. If the LED for the Line is turned ON and solid, verify the RJ-11 telephone cable is properly connected to the modem and the phone. If the cable connections check OK, replace the phone and/or the RJ-11 telephone cable.

If either Line 1 or Line 2 LEDs are OFF (dark) or flashing, contact your service provider and verify you have subscribed for voice service and that your service is properly defined.

Problem:

When I make a phone call, voice quality is bad.

Possible Solution:

Voice quality is defined by the type of service you have subscribed to, the type of service the person on the other end has subscribed to, and network quality. If you and the per-son on the other end have subscribed to a good quality service and are still getting poor voice quality, contact your service provider. Note that Terayon tests all TA 102/202 eMTAs before shipping to verify the product is fully compliant with voice quality requirements.


TA 102/202 eMTA Front Panel LED Definitions Chapter 3 Troubleshooting

TA 102/202 eMTA Front Panel LED Definitions

The indicator LEDs on the front panel of the TA 102/202 eMTA tell you what’s happen-ing during a communications session. The table below tells you what each LED indica-tor means.

LED Color Definition

Power Green • Dark when power is Off.• Solid when power is On.

Amber • Flashing slowly – eMTA is powered from battery.• Solid when battery is bad.

Cable Green • Dark for no downstream RF carrier present or power Off.• Flashes slowly for downstream RF carrier present and ranging in

process.• Flashes fast when registration is in process.• Flashes fast continuously when network access has been dis-

abled.• Solid when modem registration is complete and ready to transfer

data.

PC Green • Dark when no carrier is present to or from the PC or when power is Off.

• Solid when carrier is present to or from the PC.• Flashes slowly when data switch is OFF and PC connected.

Data Green • Dark when no data is passing through modem or when power is Off.

• Flashing when CPE is receiving data.

Test Green • Dark when initial modem self-test is OK, or power is Off.• Flashing when modem self-test is in process, or when the

modem is receiving software updates.• Flashes when the modem fails the initial self-test during startup.• Solid when the modem fails the initial self-test.

Line 1 Green During Startup:• Flashing slowly – retrieving MTA IP address.

• Flashing fast – in CMS (EP#1)a registration/security process.• Solid - registered, service is available.

Normal Operation• Dark when phone call service is unavailable.• Solid when phone call service is available.• Flashing when phone call is in progress.

a. When the Endpoint (EP) is not defined in the config file or has gone out of service, the corre-sponding LED will be dark—service is unavailable.

Line 2 Green During Startup:• Flashing slowly – retrieving MTA IP address.

• Flashing fast – in CMS (EP#2)a registration/security process.• Solid - registered, service is available.

Normal Operation• Dark when phone call service is unavailable.• Solid when phone call service is available.• Flashing when phone call is in progress.

Power

Line 1

Line 2

TA-102

Cable

PC

Data

Test


Chapter 4

PacketCable Network Architecture

TA 10

If music, video and other multimedia content can be shot across HFC networks,

why not conduct telephone conversations? With the PacketCable project from

CableLabs conducting a phone conversation via an HFC network is now a real-ity. Chapter 4 delves into the architecture of a PacketCable network. If you have an understanding of PacketCable network architecture, you can probably skip this chapter. But, it won’t hurt to look it over anyway. The material presented includes:

• PacketCable Network Architecture• PacketCable Functional Components• Placing a Call in a PacketCable Network

PacketCable Network

"Hello" "Hello"

EMBEDDED MTAEMBEDDED MTA

Power

Line 1

Line 2

TA-102

Cable

PC

Data

Test Power

Line 1

Line 2

TA-102

Cable

PC

Data

Test


Chapter 4 PacketCable Network Architecture PacketCable Network Architecture

PacketCable Network Architecture

What makes up a PacketCable Network you ask? At a very high level, a PacketCable network consists of three networks. Two of the networks are the familiar DOCSIS HFC Access Network and the Managed IP Network (headend). The third network is the Public Switched Telephone Network (PSTN). Figure 4-1 gives you a simplified view of a PacketCable network.

Figure 4-1 PacketCable Reference Architecture

Referring to Figure 4-1, the HFC network provides reliable high-speed and secure data transport between the cable customer premise and the cable headend. This access net-work may provide DOCSIS 1.1 and/or DOCSIS 2.0 capabilities including Quality of Ser-vice.

MANAGEDIP BACKBONE

ROUTER

ROUTER

ROUTER

ROUTER

MANAGEDIP NETWORK

BW 3500CMTS

HFCNETWORK

PC

EMTA

TELEPHONE

BW 3500CMTS

HFCNETWORK

PC

EMTA

TELEPHONE

ANNOUNCEMENTCONTROLLER

ANNOUNCEMENTPLAYER

BW 3500BW 3500

Power

Cable

PC Link

Data

Test

Power

Cable

PC Link

Data

Test

RKS

DNS

DHCP

SNMP

TFTP

SYSLOG

KDC

OSS SERVERS

CALL AGENT

GATECONTROLLER

ANNOUNCMENTCONTROLLER

MEDIAGATEWAY

CONTROLLER

MEDIAGATEWAY

SIGNALINGGATEWAY

CALLMANAGEMENT

SERVER

ANNOUNCEMENTSERVER

PSTNGATEWAYS

PSTN


PacketCable Functional Components Chapter 4 PacketCable Network Architecture

The functional components of the HFC network include: a Cable Modem (CM), a Multi-media Terminal Adapter (MTA) or an eMTA (a cable modem with an embedded MTA) and a Cable Modem Termination System (CMTS).

Referring again to Figure 4-1, the Managed IP Network provides the long-haul connec-tivity between other Managed IP and HFC Access Networks. It also provides the inter-connections between PacketCable functional components responsible for signaling, media provisioning, and establishing quality of service.

The functional components of the Managed IP Network include:

• Call Management Server (CMS)• Announcement Server (ANS)• Operational Support Servers (OSS)• Signaling Gateway (SG)• Media Gateway (MG)• Media Gateway Controller

The third network in the PacketCable Reference Architecture of Figure 4-1 is the Public Switched Telephone Network (PSTN). PSTN simply refers to the local, long distance, and international phone system which we use everyday.

PacketCable Functional Components

PacketCable Architecture requires numerous network elements with well defined interfaces between those elements. In the following sections we describe the functional components in the PacketCable Network. Note that not all components are required to be present in a PacketCable Network.

Trusted and Untrusted Network Elements

PacketCable architecture accommodates trusted and untrusted network elements. Trusted network elements are generally located inside a cable operator’s managed backbone network. Untrusted network elements, such as a cable modem or an MTA, are usually located in a subscriber’s residence — outside the MSO facility.

Multimedia Terminal Adapter

A Multimedia Terminal Adapter (MTA) is a device in the home that performs all the control functions for PacketCable telephony calls. One side of the MTA accepts input from telephones or telephone like devices, the other side of the device connects to a cable modem. In short, it converts analog voice signals to IP packets.


Chapter 4 PacketCable Network Architecture PacketCable Functional Components

In the current release of PacketCable specifications, it is assumed the MTA is tightly coupled to a cable modem (CM). An MTA can be a standalone device or it can be embed-ded within the cable modem — an MTA and a CM in one box.

Figure 4-2 Embedded MTA

Cable Modem (CM)

Like the MTA, a cable modem is a device that resides in a subscriber’s residence. As a network element, it facilitates data transmission over the cable network using the DOCSIS protocol. In PacketCable, the CM handles the media stream and provides services such as classifying traffic into service flows, rate shaping, and prioritized queuing.

Cable Modem Termination System (CMTS)

Located in the cable operator’s headend or distribution hub, the CMTS operates at the edges of the backbone network and the HFC cable modem network. The primary function of the CMTS is to route packets between a cable modem network and a headend backbone. It is the traffic cop responsible for the fate of packets whizzing between the two networks.

Embedded Multimedia Terminal Adapter (eMTA)(An MTA and a CM in one package)

Functions:

Converts voice signals to IP packets and vice versa.

Generates multiple audio indicators to phones.

Provides standard PSTN analog line signaling for audio tones,voice transport, caller-ID signaling, and message and waitingindicators.

Generates and places upstream signals on the coax cableand decodes raw downstream signals from the HFCnetwork so they can be interpreted by the MTA.

Identifiers:

Two MAC addresses, one for the MTA, one for the CM.

Two IP addresses, one for the MTA, one for the CM.

Two Fully Qualified Domain Names (FQDN), one for the MTA,one for the CM.



The CMTS is also responsible for managing access network (cable modem network) resources for PacketCable services. Access network resources are first reserved when service is requested, then committed when service is delivered, and released when the service is complete. It is responsible for ensuring all the CMs in the network are syn-chronized and have fair access to the telephony network.

Synchronizing the CMs is necessary because, unlike the PSTN, where each subscriber has a pair of wires dedicated to carrying the subscribers traffic, the cable that connects a subscriber to the headend is a shared resource. The CMTS must manage this resource efficiently, fairly, and with a very fast response to changing requests for access from cable modems.

Figure 4-3 Cable Modem Termination System (CMTS)

CMTS Gate

A CMTS Gate is a software application that runs on the CMTS. It is a functional component that performs classification and enforces QoS policy on media streams as directed by a Gate Controller.

Cable Modem Termination System(CMTS)

Allocates upstream bandwidth according to CM requests.

Classifies each arriving packet.

Performs traffic shaping.

Routes downstream packets to the HFC network.

Routes upstream packets to backbone network devices.

Converts and classifies QoS parameters into DOCSIS QoSparameters.Records usage of resources per call using PackeCable eventmessages.

Functions:

BW 3500 CMTS



Call Management Server (CMS)

The CMS is a trusted network element that resides in the cable operator’s Managed IP Network. It is responsible for initiating, processing, and call forward signaling information. For example, when a subscriber places a call, the identity of the destination party (in the form of digits) is passed to the CMS. The CMS verifies the subscriber has permission to place the call, then initiates and processes signals related to the call. Typically an MTA will only interact with one local CMS.

Figure 4-4 Call Management Server (CMS)

A PacketCable CMS runs the following logical PacketCable components:

• Call Agent (CA)

In PacketCable, the Call Agent refers to the control component of the CMS responsi-ble for providing signaling services using NCS protocol to the MTA. Call Agent responsibilities include but are not limited to:

- Implementing call features- Maintaining call progress state- The use of codecs within the subscriber MTA- Collecting and pre-processing dialed digits- Collecting and classifying user action.

• Gate Controller (GC)

Gate Controller is a QoS software application that runs on the CMS. It has the job of coordinating all quality of service authorization and control. Specifications for Gate Controller functionality are defined in the Dynamic Quality of Service (DQoS) Speci-fication.

• Announcement Controller (ANC)

Like the Gate Controller, the Announcement Controller is software application that runs on the CMS. As the name states, it controls announcement servers.

Call Management Server(CMS)

Manages and maintains call state for VoIP services

Operates the following PacketCable software applications:

Call Agent (CA)Gate Controller (GC)Announcement Controller (ANC)



Announcement Server (ANS)

An Announcement Server is a network device that manages and plays informational tones in response to events that occur on the network.

Figure 4-5 Announcement Server

A PacketCable Announcement Server runs the following software applications:

• Announcement Controller (ANC)

The ANC initiates and manages all announcement services provided by an announce-ment player. It requests the announcement player to play announcements based on call state as determined by the CMS. When the announcement player collects infor-mation from an end-user, the ANC interprets the information and manages the ses-sion.

• Announcement Player (ANP)

Functioning under the control of the ANC, the announcement player receives and interprets commands from the ANC and delivers the appropriate announcement to an MTA. It also accepts and reports user inputs (e.g. Dual-Tone Multi Frequency tones).

OSS Support Systems (OSS)Referring to Figure 4-1, Operational Support Systems (OSS) provide a variety of sup-porting servers and functions to support the headend core business process. OSS main functional areas are:

• Fault management• Performance management• Security management• Accounting management• Configuration management

Announcement Server(ANS)

Manages and plays informational tones andmessages in response to events that occuron the network.

Runs the following PacketCable software applications:

Announcement Controller (ANC)Announcement Player (ANP)



Associated hardware components include:

• Provisioning servers• KDC servers for security• RKS servers for record keeping.

Provisioning Servers

Two kinds of provisioning occur in PacketCable, one on the IP side and one on the PacketCable side. On the PacketCable side a limited number of devices and interfaces support MTA device provisioning, event messaging to carry billing information, and security for authentication and key management.

On the IP side, a DHCP server dynamically allocates IP addresses during an MTA provi-sioning process. A DNS server maps between ASCII domain names and IP addresses and a TFTP server downloads configuration files to an MTA. Additionally, a SYSLOG server collects events, such as traps and errors, from an MTA.

Security Servers

Security management touches every component and interface in the PacketCable network. The key headend server responsible for security is the Key Distribution Center (KDC) server. It operates as a Kerberos server to manage component authentication, key exchange, and encryption.

Record Keeping Servers

A Record Keeping Server (RKS) receives PacketCable event messages from a CMS, a CMTS, and a Media Gateway Controller (MGC). First it assembles the event messages into coherent sets called detail records (CDRs). CDRs are then made available to other back office systems, such as billing, fraud detection, other systems.



PSTN Gateway

A PacketCable Network must be able to send calls to, and receive calls from the Public Switched Telephone Network (PSTN) — you know, the telephone company. But, because the PSTN is so much different than a PacketCable Network (its based on circuit-switched technology), the PacketCable Network must employ an interface device called a PSTN Gateway.

A PSTN Gateway carries out all the necessary interface functions between the two net-works for both call signaling and so-called bearer traffic (the actual contents of calls).

Figure 4-6 PSTN Gateway

To enable operators to minimize cost and optimize their PSTN interconnection arrange-ments the PSTN Gateway is broken down into three functional components:

• Media Gateway (MG): serves as the interface between the two networks for media.• Signaling Gateway (SG): serves as the interface between the two networks for signal-

ing.• Media Gateway Controller (MGC): controls the Media Gateway.

Figure 4-7 PacketCable/PSTN Interface Architecture

PSTN Gateway

Serves as an interface device between the PacketCableNetwork and the Public Switched Telephone Network (PSTN).

Divided into 3 functional components:

Media Gateway ControllerMaintains call state and controlls overall behavior of the PSTN Gateway.

Signaling GatewayProvides signaling interconnection functions between the PSTN SS7signaling network and the IP network.

Media GatewayTerminates bearer (telephone call) paths and transcodes media betweenthe PSTN and the IP network.

MEDIA GATEWAYCONTROLLER

MEDIA GATEWAY

SIGNALING GATEWAY

CMTS

CMS

MTA

PSTN GATEWAY

PSTN

PSTN BEARER TRUNKS

PSTN SIGNALING TRUNKS

BEARER


Chapter 4 PacketCable Network Architecture Placing a Call in a PacketCable Network

Placing a Call in a PacketCable Network

If you have read the “PacketCable Network Architecture” and “PacketCable Functional Components” sections, you have a pretty good understanding of the hardware and software applications involved in a PacketCable network. But, what really happens when someone makes a simple phone call?

To answer the question, the following paragraphs examine the process of making an ordinary phone call on a packet based network. We’ll keep it simple and ignore a lot of the details, but, hopefully you’ll get an idea of what goes on during a phone call.

To explain a PacketCable phone call, we have developed a simple example call. Figure 4-8 provides a summary of the simple example.

Imagine for a moment a cable operator (ACE Cable Company) and two callers, Athena and Brad. ACE Cable Company has all the equipment required to offer subscribers PacketCable telephony and Athena and Brad are subscribers. Athena decides to call Brad to ask questions about the project they are working on. Athena’s phone is con-nected to an embedded MTA, in other words, a cable modem and a Multimedia Terminal Adapter in the same box. The phone she is about to use is simply an I/O portion of the MTA.

When Athena lifts the phone, she hears a dial tone. But this dial tone is not coming from the phone company central office — it is being generated by the MTA her phone is con-nected to. Athena dials Brad’s phone number. On a regular PSTN phone line, each digit is sent to the central office as it is dialed. A switch in the central office collects the digits and checks after each digit to see if an entire phone number has been dialed.

On the ACE Cable Company PacketCable Network, things are very different. Instead of each digit being sent as dialed, the MTA collects the digits, but sends no signals to the network until Athena presses the last digit. Athena’s MTA (we’ll call it MTAA) has an internal digital map that tells it when Athena has dialed a complete number. As she presses the final digit, the MTA recognizes a complete valid phone number and then builds a UDP packet.

The UDP packet contains information about itself and the number Athena dialed, along with the destination IP address of Brad’s Call Management Server (CMSB). MTAA transmits the UDP packet to Athena’s CMTSA which acts as a router and forwards the packet to CMSA. CMSA decodes the packet and checks to see if Athena is a paid-up sub-scriber. When CMSA verifies Athena is a legitimate caller, it consults a data base to determine the identity of the Call management Server (CMSB) that serves Brad’s phone.

CMSA now contacts CMSB informing it that Brad has an incoming call. It also sends a message to CMTSA, telling it to reserve enough bandwidth on the HFC network to ensure call quality. When CMSB receives the news that Brad has an incoming call, it contacts CMTSB and instructs it to reserve bandwidth for the incoming call to Brad.


Placing a Call in a PacketCable Network Chapter 4 PacketCable Network Architecture

Figure 4-8 A PacketCable Phone Call

At last, CMSB sends a signal to Brad’s MTA informing it that Brad has an incoming call. CMTSB routes the signal to MTAB which recognizes there is an incoming call and begins to ring Brad’s phone.

The signals that pass between the two Call Management Servers (CMSA and CMSB) and their associated MTAs include destination IP addresses of the far end. In brief, MTAA is told the IP address of MTAB and vice versa. From this point on, the MTAs place each other’s IP address in the destination fields of the UDP packets they generate. The HFC network routes the packets directly between the MTAs instead of forcing the pack-ets to pass through the Call Management Servers.

CMTSA

CMTSA

CMTSB

CMTSB

CMSBCMSA

MTA A

MTA A

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MTA B

4CM

TSinstructed

toreserve

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o

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7Forwards call info

8R

ingphone

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6Bandwidt

hav

aila

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Athena Brad

(a) Athena dials Brad

"Hello""Hello" (b) Brad answers


Chapter 4 PacketCable Network Architecture Placing a Call in a PacketCable Network

And that is exactly what happens when Brad picks up the phone and says, “Hello”. MTAB digitizes and packetizes Brad’s voice and transmits the packets with the IP address of MTAA in the destination field. The opposite occurs at Athena’s end, and the two are now talking.

When one of the callers puts the phone down, the associated MTA signals the far end and it’s local CMTS that the call is complete. The local CMTS recovers the bandwidth resources used for the call and sends instructions to the far-end CMTS to release its HFC network bandwidth. Finally, several kinds of billing and logging messages are sent to the ACE Cable Company billing and event data bases to ensure Athena is billed for the extremely high quality call she just enjoyed.


emta tech support guide

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