End of WWI

I. Influenza

A. Flu epidemic around the world in 1918 – 1919

B. 22 million died – twice the number killed in WWI

– Russia – 450,000

– U.S. – 550,000

– India – 6,000,000

• Known as the Spanish

Flu

• Many died within 24 hours

II. Changes in literature

A. response to horrors of WWI, artists and

authors questioned way life was

1. people felt uncertain about life and said life

was meaningless

2. used surrealism – show life less realistically

B. Pablo Picasso used “cubism”

(using shapes) in his paintings

C. Ernest Hemingway wrote

books about the horrors of

war

D. Gertrude Stein was a painter

and author that also questioned the meaning

of life

III. Treaty of Versailles signed on June 20th, 1919

A. concluded war – cease fire on November 11, 1918

B. Treaty ended WWI and redraws the map of Europe

1. Ottoman Empire is broken up in to current

countries in the Middle East

a. countries become “mandates” of British and the

French

C. limits German armaments – amount of

weapons Germany can have

1. no planes, 6 naval war ships, 100,000

soldiers, and no conscription

D. German War Guilt Clause – accepts blame

for causing WWI

TREATY OF VERSAILLES SIGNED JUNE 28, 1919

TREATY OF VERSAILLES

REDRAWS THE MAP OF EUROPE

1914 1919

TREATY OF VERSAILLES SETS

GERMAN ARMAMENT LIMITATIONS

TYPE AMOUNT ALLOWED

PLANES 0

WARSHIPS 6

SOLDIERS 100,000

CONSCRIPTION BANNED

GERMAN WAR GUILT

CLAUSE

The Allied and Associated Governments confirm and

Germany accepts the responsibility of Germany and her allies for causing all the loss and damage to

which the Allied and Associated Governments and their national have

been subjected as a consequence of the war

imposed upon them by the aggression of Germany and

her allies.

THE OTTOMAN EMPIRE WAS

BROKEN APART AND

SEVERAL NEW INDEPENDENT

COUNTRIES EMERGED:

SYRIA, JORDAN,

SAUDI ARABIA AND IRAQ

THE BLACK AREAS WERE CONTROLLED BY GERMANY PRIOR

TO WWI, THE TREATY MADE THEM

MANDATES OF THE LEAGUE OF NATIONS.

ONLY FOUR COUNTRIES WERE

INDEPENDENT: ETHIOPIA, LIBERIA,

EGYPT, AND MOROCCO.

ALL OTHER TERRITORY WAS

DIVIDED BETWEEN BRITAIN, FRANCE, SPAIN, PORTUGAL,

BELGIUM, AND ITALY

IV. League of Nations

A. Group set up to prevent future wars

B. Weak because the U.S. didn’t join and it didn’t use force

– stay out of Europe’s problems