end to end reliability in industrial 5g networks · low latency communication (urllc) reliability...

Joachim Sachs | IEEE Emerging Technology Reliability Roundtable | © Ericsson 2019 | 2019-08-26 |

End to end reliability in industrial 5G networks

Dr. Joachim SachsPrincipal Researcher, Ericsson Research

Ericsson Research 2019-08-26


20102000

22 billion devices

6 billion people1 billion places

2024

1G 2G 4G 5G3G

5G – a foundation for digitalization

Telephony and mobile broadband

A digital infrastructure for

industrial and societal

transformation

cutting the cord, adding mobility

going digital

adding video & data mobile broadband

1990

Joachim Sachs | IEEE Emerging Technology Reliability Roundtable | © Ericsson 2019 | 2019-08-26


Smart cities, smart vehicles, transport and infrastructure

Digitalizing industries and services

Broadband experienceeverywhere, anytime

Sensors and otherdevices everywhere

Empowering people, transforming industries,

advancing society

5G


SMARTAGRICULTURE

FLEET MANAGEMENT

SMART METER

LOGISTICS

TRACKING

TRAFFIC SAFETY& CONTROL

INDUSTRIAL APPLICATION &

CONTROL

REMOTE TRAINING

SMARTMANUFACTURING REMOTE

SURGERY

SMARTPHONESHOME

NON-SIM DEVICES

ENTERPRISE

VENUES

MOBILE/WIRELESS/

FIXED

4K/8K UHD

BROADCASTING

VR/AR

LOW COST, LOW ENERGYSMALL DATA VOLUMESMASSIVE NUMBERS

ULTRA RELIABLEVERY LOW LATENCY

VERY HIGH AVAILABILITY

Critical MTCMassive MTC

Enhanced mobile broadband

Requirements for 5G use cases

MTC – machine-type communicationJoachim Sachs | IEEE Emerging Technology Reliability Roundtable | © Ericsson 2019 | 2019-08-26


5G Critical Machine-Type Communication – Use casesLatency & Reliability

E2E

Latency

Failure rate ()10-1 10-2 10-4 10-910-3 10-5 10-6 10-7 10-810-0

100ms

10ms

1ms

Transportation

Tactile Internet

Automated

Guided Vehicle

Remote

Control

Factory Automation

Smart Grid

3GPP

Joachim Sachs | IEEE Emerging Technology Reliability Roundtable | © Ericsson 2019 | 2019-08-26

Process

Automation3GPP

5G services and requirements

• 5G services & requirements (TS 22.261)

• Cyber-critical control applications (TS 22.104, TR 22.804)

• Transportation and automotive (TS 22.186, TS 22.289)


Industry alignment: 5G, Intelligent Transport Systems & Automotive

• White Paper on C-V2X Use Cases: Methodology, Examples and Service Level Requirements• AECC White Paper: AECC: General Principle and Vision• …

https://5gaa.org/news/5gaa-releases-white-paper-on-c-v2x-use-cases-methodology-examples-and-service-level-requirements/

https://aecc.org/resources/publications/


Industry alignment: Automation Industry

Assembly Line

Operations Center

Supply Management

Inventory Management

AGV monitoring & management Robots & Tools

Bins and Containers

Source: Smartfactorylogistics, Ericsson Analysis

• 5G Alliance for Connected Industries and Automation: Designing 5G for Industrial Use

• 5G for Connected Industries and Automation• …

https://www.5g-acia.org/publications/5g-alliance-for-connected-industries-and-automation-designing-5g-for-industrial-use/

https://www.5g-acia.org/publications/5g-for-connected-industries-and-automation-white-paper/

Reliability and availability- a review


Clarification of Reliability

— Communication Service Reliability : ability of the communication service to perform as required for a given time interval, under given conditions ([3GPP TS 22.104] aligned with IEC 61907)

— Service requirement assumed as “guaranteed” successful transmission within a latency bound

— Reliability requirement for 5G RAN [3GPP TS 22.261]: in the context of network layer packet transmissions, percentage value of the amount of sent network layer packets successfully delivered to a given system entity within the time constraint required by the targeted service, divided by the total number of sent network layer packets.

Latency

% of packets 99.999%

Guaranteedupper-bound

latency


Clarification of Availability

— Network Availability: ability to be in a state to perform as and when required, under given conditions, assuming that the necessary external resources are provided ([3GPP TS 22.804] aligned with IEC 61907)

(Life)Time tt0

Time to Failure (TTF)

Time to Repair (TTR)

TTF

Reliability

MTTFAvailability =

MTTF + MTTR[%]

Failure Repair

MTTR - Mean Time to FailureMTTR - Mean Time to Repair

Challenges and approaches for highly reliable communication services


— a

Reliability Dimensions

5G Communication System

Transmitter Receiver

Node impairments

— Failures of hardware / software

Resource depletion

— Link: radio/link resources

— Node: processing/memory resources

Link impairments (wireless)

— Fading/shadowing

— Mobility

— Interference


— a

Implementation:

- Resilient hardware / software / execution

- Redundancy

Dimensioning, isolation, reservation, prioritization

5G design for ultra-reliable and low latency communication (URLLC)

Reliability Dimensions

5G Communication System

Transmitter Receiver

Node impairments

— Failures of hardware / software

Resource depletion

— Link: radio/link resources

— Node: processing/memory resources

Link impairments (wireless)

— Fading/shadowing

— Mobility

— Interference

5G design for end-to-end reliability


Requirements for critical communication

UE5G Core5G RAN

Public

Devices 5G Network Private

Latency

% of packets Deterministic & reliable communication

Latency

% of packets 99.999%

Guaranteedupper-bound

latency

Ultra-low latency


5G New Radio (NR) Low Latency features (1)

OFDM Numerology & mini-slot

μ SCS [kHz] Slot duration0 15 1 ms1 30 0.5 ms2 60 0.25 ms3 120 0.125 ms4 240 0.0625 ms

μ=0

Time

Fre

q.

Min

i-sl

ot

NR slot

μ=2

μ=1

cell size

large

medium

small

low medium high

frequency

15 kHz

60 kHz

30 kHz

30 kHz

60 kHz

60 kHz

30 kHz

15 kHz

30 kHz

15 kHz

120 kHz

100 GHz30 GHz10 GHz3 GHz1 GHzSCS – Sub-carrier spacing

increasing phase noise

Increasing time

dispersion


Faster processing time

Enables faster retransmissions

Enables faster channel access for dynamic resource allocations

Pre-allocation of transmission resources for critical data stream

Reduces channel access times for the transmission

Critical data streams can interrupt best-effort data transmission

5G New Radio (NR) Low Latency features (2)

Pre-emption

eMBB eMBB

UR

LLC

Pre-emptionindication

Repair transmissionPre-scheduling

gNB

UE

UL scheduligrequest (SR)

UL grantUL transmission

Skip SR-to-grant delay

Fast HARQ

DL DataDC

I

UL DataK0

K2

K1

DL

ACK

The fastest case is K0 = K1 = K2 = 0 slots

HARQ - hybrid automatic repeat requestgNB - 5G base stationUE - 5G deviceUL / DL - uplink / downlinkeMBB - enhanced mobile broadbandURLLC - ultra-reliable and low latency communication


5G as a distributed communication and cloud platform

— Bringing applications closer to the action

— ➔Reducing latency

5G System Low Latency features

UE5G Core5G RAN

Public

Devices 5G Network Private


Robust control and data

— Support for extra-robust modulation and coding schemes and link adaptation

— Robust control channel design

5G high reliability features – radio

Multi-antenna techniques

— Exploit diversity and increased channel quality of multiple antennas at transmitter and receiver

Multi-connectivity

— Multiple duplicate transmissions on different carriers (dual-connectivity or carrier aggregation)


5G high reliability features – system

Redundant transmissions path through the 5G system via multiple PDU sessions and redundant node selection

gNB — 5G base stationUPF — user-plane functionFRER — frame replication and elimination

for redundancy

Robust control and data

Host A Host BFRER

UE

UE

gNB1

gNB2

UPF1

UPF2

Switch

Switch

FRER

Host A Host BUE

gNB1

gNB2

UPF1

UPF2

Switch

Switch

FRERFRER


A network that is intended for non-public use.

Usage restricted to authorized devices.

Can be realized standalone or integrated into a public network (e.g. via network slicing).

Multiple independent network realizations basedon a common communication infrastructure

Flexibility of 5G deployment and usage

5G communication and distributed cloud platform

Network slicing Non-public networks (NPN)

Source: 5G-ACIA

Summary

5G capabilities for reliable communication


Implementation:

- Resilient hardware / software / execution

- Redundancy

Dimensioning, isolation, reservation, prioritization

5G design for ultra-reliable and low latency communication (URLLC)

5G Reliability Features

Node impairmentsResource depletionLink impairments (wireless)

Standardized 5G Features

→ Radio-link design for ultra-low latency & reliable / robust transmission

→ Quality-of-service capabilities with traffic separation, resrouce reservations and service-specific configurations

→ Network slicing and support for non-public networks

→ Redundant transmission paths for critical services

1

1

1 2

2 3

2

3


Understanding new 5G use cases & requirements

Validating 5G capabilities


Photo by Scania

Photo by AstaZeroPhoto by Boliden

5GFor industriesEstablished 2015

Proofing 5G technology & learning new use cases and requirements

Ericsson Research Initiative: Pave the way for 5G in industries

Drive 5G requirements, insights and readiness

Covers several industry segments:

Transport, energy, manufacturing, mining, agriculture, …


5G-Enabled Smart Manufacturing


… more on 5G support for nover IoT use cases

— Book on Cellular IoT including critical Internet of Things services

— 2nd edition to appear in October 2019

— https://www.elsevier.com/books/cellular-internet-of-things/liberg/978-0-08-102902-2

https://www.elsevier.com/books/cellular-internet-of-things/liberg/978-0-08-102902-2

end to end reliability in industrial 5g networks · low latency communication (urllc) reliability...

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