endocrine system
DESCRIPTION
TRANSCRIPT
GOOD DAY!
DESCRIBETHE
PICTURE
ENDOCRINESYSTEM
ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
The nervous system sends electrical messages to control and coordinate the body. The endocrine system has a similar job, but uses chemicals to “communicate”. These chemicals are known as hormones.
ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
A hormone is a specific messenger molecule synthesized and secreted by a group of specialized cells called an endocrine gland.
WHAT IS HORMONE?
ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
These glands are ductless, which means that their secretions (hormones) are released directly into the bloodstream and travel to elsewhere in the body to target organs, upon which they act.
WHAT ARE ENDOCRINEGLANDS?
ENDOCRINE SYSTEMMAJOR HUMAN ENDOCRINE GLANDS
ENDOCRINE SYSTEMMAJOR HUMAN ENDOCRINE GLANDS
LET US IDENTIFY THE PARTS
ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
The pituitary gland is just the size of a pea. It hangs from the hypothalamus.-most important endocrine gland-produces growth hormone: which stimulates cell division and the growth of muscles and bones-other hormones it produces stimulate and control other glands
HYPOTHALAMUS & PITUITARY GLANDS
ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
The pituitary gland is called the “master gland” but it is under the control of the hypothalamus. Together, they control many other endocrine functions. They secrete a number of hormones, especially several which are important to the female menstrual cycle, pregnancy, birth, and lactation (milk production).
HYPOTHALAMUS & PITUITARY GLANDS
ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
This gland is located near the center of the brain in humans, and is stimulated by nerves from the eyes. The pineal gland secreted melatonin at night when it’s dark, thus secretes more in winter when the nights are longer. Melatonin promotes sleep (makes you feel sleepy). Melatonin also affects skin pigmentation.
PINEAL GLANDS
ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
-located at the base of the neck.-produces thyroxine that controls the rate at which the body cells use food to release energy.-also produces calcitonin: reduces blood calcium levels by causing calcium to be deposited in bones.-helps in regulating body growth and development
THYROID GLANDS
ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
Thyroid hormones regulate metabolism, therefore body temperature and weight. The thyroid hormones contain iodine, which the thyroid needs in order to manufacture these hormones. If a person lacks iodine in his/her diet, the thyroid cannot make the hormones, causing a deficiency.
THYROID GLANDS
ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
Parathyroid glands are two-pairs of pea size glands found near the thyroid gland.The hormone produced by this glands help control level of calcium in the blood.
PARATHYROID GLANDS
ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
The thymus is located in the upper thorax behind the breast bone and extends below the thyroid gland.The thymus forms part of the body’s immune system by causing lymphocytes(white blood cells) to become T cells – cells which become parts of the body’s defense against infection.
THYMUS GLANDS
ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
The adrenal glands are a pair of cone-shaped glands, each on top of the kidneys. They consist of two parts, the outer cortex and the inner medulla. The cortex produces hormones that affect the body metabolism. The cortex secretes corticosteroids .
ADRENAL GLANDS
ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
The hormones produced by the adrenals prepare the body for stress.The medulla secretes epinephrine (adrenaline) and other similar hormones in response to stressors such as fright, anger, caffeine, or low blood sugar.
ADRENAL GLANDS
ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
-lies behind the stomach. Scattered throughout the pancreas are tiny glandular tissues called “islets of Langerhans”– that produces hormones glucagon and insulin.Insulin lowers blood sugar level while glucagon raises blood sugar levels.
PANCREAS
ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
This organ has two functions. It serves as a ducted gland, secreting digestive enzymes into the small intestine. The pancreas also serves as a ductless gland in that the islets of Langerhans secrete insulin and glucagon to regulate the blood sugar level.
PANCREAS
ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
The female ovaries and male testes secretes sex hormones. The secretion of sex hormones by the gonads is controlled by pituitary gland hormones. Typically male testes secrete primarily androgens including testosterone. Female ovaries make estrogen and progesterone in varying amounts depending on where in her cycle a woman is.
GONADS OR SEX ORGANS
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Identify the glands being described.1. A gland located at the base of the neck.
2. An organ that controls the pituitary gland.
3. A gland that secretes epinephrine
4. The master gland
5. Male sex gland
6. Female sex gland
7. A gland that lies behind the stomach
8. Two-pairs of pea sized glands found near the thyroid
9. A gland that is part of the body’s immune system
10.Hormone produced by the pineal gland that regulates body’s day and night activities.