1. _____- a substance that provides energy as the result of a chemical change

fuel

2. _______- the ability or capacity to do work

energy

3. ___________________- changing one form of energy to another (EX. Hand rubbing is changing mechanical energy to thermal energy)

energy transformation

4. _____________- burning to release energy

combustion

4b._____________- energy-rich 4b._____________- energy-rich substances in fossil fuelssubstances in fossil fuels

hydrocarbonshydrocarbons

5. ___________- energy-rich substances formed from the remains of dead organisms

fossil fuels

A. Coal-- solid fossil fuel formed from plant remains

Adv.-_______________________

Dis.- ______________________

most abundant fossil fuel

produces air pollution

B. Oil- thick, black liquid formed from the buried remains of __________________________________________Adv.-____________________________Dis.-____________________________

microscopic marine

organismsGood value

for the energy produced

Air pollution;Spills harm environment

1) ___________- another name for crude oil; “petra” means “rock” and “oleum” means “oil”

petroleum

2) _________- factory in which crude oil is heated and separated into fuels and other products

refinery

3) ____________- compounds made

from oil that are used to make plastics,

paints, medicines, and cosmetics

petrochemicals

C. Natural gas- the gaseous state of matter formed from _______ ____________________in ocean sediment; often found in pockets above oil reserves

Adv._______________________

Dis. ________________________

marineorganisms (plankton)

Cleanest of the fossil fuels

Will run out in 50 years

D. ________- by-product of natural gasAdv.- _____________________________________________________Dis.- ________________________

Clean enough to be used on indoor vehicles, like a forklift Very short supply

propane

A. _______- splitting of atoms; uses uranium-235; non-renewable

fission

Adv.- _____________________

Dis.-

no smog, acid rain or greenhouse effect

radiation poisoning, nuclear waste______

B. _______- combines hydrogen atoms; how the sun generates energy

Adv. _________________________

Dis.-

fusion

large amounts of energy from little materiallarge amounts of energy from little material

not practical because of the not practical because of the high temperatures neededhigh temperatures needed

7. Solar energy- energy from the ___; Adv. __________, ______, _____, _______________; Dis.- can be affected by _______, ___________, ________, and ________

sun

weather time of daylatitudeseasons

clean safeinexpensivereadily available

8. water- _____________________; Adv.- clean, no air pollution, inexpensive; Dis.-; dams increase upstream _________ and downstream _______; habitats are flooded

hydroelectric energy

erosionsediment

C:\Documents and Settings\penny.benton\Local Settings\Temporary Internet Files\Content.IE5\R459JKIP\j0075056[1].wav

9. ____- Adv.-non-polluting, no waste, inexpensive; Dis.-unreliable, ______ pollution

windvisual

10. ______________- burns organic materials such as ____, ________, and _______

biomass energywood alcohol

garbage

A. ____- Dis.-gases released when burned; habitats are destroyed

wood

B. _______- formed from distillation; Adv.- can be mixed with other fuels to make gasoline last longer

alcohol

C. _______- Dis.- burning can produce toxic ash residue and air pollution; Adv.- cheap source of energy; reduces _________________

garbagegarbage

landfill deposits

11. ___________-uses hot magma or hot, dry rocks from within the Earth; Adv.- clean; Dis.-limited availability; high cost

geothermal

12. ____________- power from the rise and fall of the ocean (tides)

Tidal power

13. ___________________- reducing energy useEnergy conservation

A. ___________- the percentage of energy used to perform work

efficiencyefficiency

B. ___________- layer of material that helps block the transfer of heat between

the air outside and inside a building

insulationinsulation

14. ____________- using _____________ to become _________

A. Advantages1. Reduces _______ for new mineral resources2. Uses less _______3. Can be __________

old materialsnew ones

demand

energyprofitable

RecyclingRecycling

B. Disadvantages1. Takes ____

2. Takes _____time

effort