Energy and the MDGs

Energy MythsEnergy Myths

Energy services are not a priority for poor Energy services are not a priority for poor peoplepeople

Poor people cannot/do not pay for energyPoor people cannot/do not pay for energy Expanding access to electricity will solve the Expanding access to electricity will solve the

poverty crisispoverty crisis Sustainable development does not include Sustainable development does not include

fossil fuelsfossil fuels

The Millenium Development Goals (MDGs) are a series of quantified development targets agreed at the UN General Assembly in 2000.

There is no MDG on energy Access to energy is fundamental to all of the

MDGs The quality, reliability and affordability of energy

services are what matter from a human development point of view

What are the MDGs?

Energy

MDG 1: Eradicateextreme poverty

and hunger

MDG 2: Achieve universal primary

education

MDG 3: Promote gender equality and

empower women

MDG 4: Reducechild mortality

MDG 5: Improvematernal health

MDG 6: CombatHIV/AIDS, malariaand other diseases

MDG 7: Ensureenvironmentalsustainability

Energy and the MDGs

MDG 8: Develop global

partnership

MDG 1: Poverty and Hunger MDG 1: Poverty and Hunger

Most staple foods must be cooked and Most staple foods must be cooked and processed before being eatenprocessed before being eaten

Transport of goods to market requires Transport of goods to market requires motive powermotive power

Productive activities, jobs, agriculture Productive activities, jobs, agriculture and commercial trade all require energy and commercial trade all require energy (i.e. electricity & fuels)(i.e. electricity & fuels)

MDGs 2&3: Education and MDGs 2&3: Education and Gender Equality Gender Equality

Many girls do not go to school in order to Many girls do not go to school in order to support family energy and water needs support family energy and water needs (carrying, grinding, pumping) (carrying, grinding, pumping)

Rural areas find it hard to attract teachers Rural areas find it hard to attract teachers to unelectrified communitiesto unelectrified communities

It is hard for children to study in the It is hard for children to study in the evening without lightsevening without lights

Lack of energy services constrain women’s Lack of energy services constrain women’s economic opportunitieseconomic opportunities

MDGs 4,5&6: Health and DiseaseMDGs 4,5&6: Health and Disease

Indoor air pollution from unvented cooking with Indoor air pollution from unvented cooking with solid fuels is the fourth largest cause of death solid fuels is the fourth largest cause of death for people in developing countries for people in developing countries

Physical burden of wood & water carrying Physical burden of wood & water carrying causes exhaustion and undermines the health causes exhaustion and undermines the health of child bearing women of child bearing women

Lack of electricity limits healthcare services (i.e. Lack of electricity limits healthcare services (i.e. night time deliveries, sterilization, etc) night time deliveries, sterilization, etc)

Lack of ITC limits people’s capacity to learn Lack of ITC limits people’s capacity to learn about healthcare and disease preventionabout healthcare and disease prevention

MDG 7: Environmental MDG 7: Environmental sustainabilitysustainability

National MDG reports treat energy National MDG reports treat energy mainly within the context of MDG 7 mainly within the context of MDG 7

Cleaner energy services can encourage a Cleaner energy services can encourage a better management of natural resources, better management of natural resources, including better water qualityincluding better water quality

Climate adaptationClimate adaptation

Provides reliable, affordable energy services

Fee for Service Reduces women’s/girls’

workload Frees up women’s/girls’ time Creates opportunities for

income generating activities

Multifunctional Platform

Oil pressSaws…

Grinding millDe-husker

Battery charging

Engine

The Multifunctional Platform supports a simple diesel engine that can power different tools : cereal grinding mills, de-huskers, oil presses, joinery and carpentry tools …

The Multifunctional Platform also provides water distribution and lighting.

The advantages of the engine are its simplicity, sturdiness and multiple uses - a perfect example of appropriate technology.

The Platform process at the community level Demand-driven: Women’s group to

request

Participatory Pre-feasibility and Feasibility assessments

Decision on specific configurations of a multifunctional platform that fits community’s needs

Establishing ownership and management mechanism by women

Capacity building for women and operators of the multifunctional platform

Business implementation using a multifunctional platform-based rural energy enterprise

Local capacity building for private artisans

Monitoring and Evaluation

Mali Multifunctional Platform

020,00040,00060,00080,000

100,000120,000140,000160,000

Village

Ave

rage

Rev

enue

from

th

e Sa

le o

f Foo

dstu

ffs

[CFA

F/w

oman

/yr] Before MFP

After MFP

Participating women earn an average 66 FCFA per day (US$ 0.32 PPP) or US$ 44 per year in additional

income; freed up two to six hours time per day

Goal 1: Eradicate extreme poverty and hunger

In the two villages located in the same cultural and geographical area (Dogons, Mali), girls’ school performances in the village of Anakaga with a platform are a lot better than that of the village of Ouo (without a platform).

1999-2000

Without the Platform With the Platform

Girls Boys

1998-1999

1999-2000

1998-1999

Students scoring “pass” mark required for higher class (%)

Mali Multifunctional PlatformGoal 3: Promote gender equality, empower women

0.00

0.20

0.40

0.60

0.80

1.00

Balan

fina

Lobo

ugou

la

Pegn

esso

Kouroum

asso

N'Goron

a

Banz

ena-N

iena

Tend

ely

Kolayer

e Bou

gou

Village

Girl

-to-

Boy

Rat

ioin

Prim

ary Sc

hool

Before MFP

After MFP

Mali Multifunctional Platform

Goal 5: Improve maternal health Improved access to health services

because of increased income Reduce workloads contributing to

improved health Substitute inefficient traditional

biomass fuels and reduce indoor air pollution

Mali Multifunctional Platform

Goal 7: Ensure environmental sustainability

Cleaner energy services can encourage a better management of natural resources, including better water quality

EmpowermentEmpowerment

Better Better educationeducation

Expanded Expanded economic economic

opportunitiesopportunities