energy beyond hydropower atlas chapter 13 figure 13.1 – energy consumption no pnw sources of...
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Energy Beyond Hydropower
• Atlas Chapter 13
• Figure 13.1 – Energy Consumption
• No PNW sources of natural gas or crude oil
• Refining crude oil – 4 north Puget Sound refineries; historic use of Canadian crude; imported crude (Alaska, Far East)
• Changing supply situation, Alaskan Oil
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PrudoeBay
Trans-AlaskaPipeline
West coastoil movements,Canadian production,Alberta, McKenzieRiver DeltaNatural gas fromNorth Slope
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Other Energy Sources
• Wind
• Solar
• Natural Gas generators
• Current Northwest Power & Conservation
Council Assessment
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A wind-farm like being built very rapidly in the Northwest, butthis picture was taken near Jaisilimar India.. could be Vantage
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Alaska Natural
Gas Current
TransCanadaPipelineProposal
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Power & Fish: Current Initiatives
Source: Federal Caucus on www
• Biological Assessment (COE, BPA, Brec)
• COE studies - Lower Snake Salmon Migration & John Day Drawdown
• Interior Columbia Basin Ecosystem
• Multi-Species Framework
• 2003: The collision of values - producing power and earning $ and implementing fish programs
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The Biological Assessment -Hydro
A vision by the “action agencies” - e.g. those engaged in hydropower• Required under ESA; must report to FWS & NMFS
BA requires: (short-run) (1) flow augmentation, (2) reservoir operation to protect Kootenai River while sturgeon & minimize river fluctuations, (3) improved spill measures, (4) Fish transportation, (5) predator control
Long run: (1) Breaching studies, (2) Water quality studies, (3) Passage Improvements• BA Construct for Achieving Survival Improvements - delayed transport mortality; multiple bypass effects
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Lower Snake River Juvenile Salmon Migration Feasibility Study
• Studies ways to improve migration conditions. Alternatives are:
(1) No action
(2) Maximum transport of juvenile fish
(3) Same as (2) but surface bypass for Lower Granite Dam, minimizing stress on fish
(4) Breaching 4 dams, recreating 140 miles of free-flowing river.
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Lower Snake Study, cont.
• Effects on salmon and steelhead:
Reliance on NMFS studies - PATH (Plan for Analyzing and Testing Hypotheses), and CRI (Critical Risk Initiative)
• Economic and Social Studies
• Tribal Circumstances and Perspective
• Engineering Analysis of Dam Breaching
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John Day Dam Drawdown Study
• To study (in phase I) drawing down the first dam below the Snake-Columbia
• Options include full draw-down and partial
• COE report
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Interior Columbia Basin Ecosystem Management Project• Undertaken due to Presidential directive
• DEIS out, but due to controversies, Supplemental DEIS now being prepared
• Covers 140 million acres of the PNW, 2/3 of our land area, of which 64 million acres are managed by USFS & BLM
• Key objective- to determine the role of federal lands in habitat recovery efforts
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Alternatives in ICBEMP
S1: No action
S2: A short - run strategy to protect aquatic and terrestrial habitats
S3: A long- run strategy with higher levels of restoration, and flexibility, remedies to help impacted communities, and commitment to “maintaining predictable and sustainable products and services from forests and rangelands.
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The Multi-Species Framework Project
An NWPPC project
Goal: to link wildlife restoration policy to a scientific foundation.
• Seven alternatives for the future
• See NWPPC website for details
? Integration of all these efforts?
? Interaction of the 3 key branches of our government (judicial, legislative, executive), at both the federal and state levels.????
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2010: Fish versus Power $• Implementing the Federal Caucus
Comprehensive Columbia-Snake River Salmon Plan (Dec. 2000)
- habitat improvements away from dams
- changes in hatchery systems
- no breaching in the short-run of Snake R. dams
• Key is flow management - e.g. reducing power generation to provide water for fish.
Revenue implications for BPA.
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Fish versus Power 2010, cont.•Two “Biological Opinions” undergird this plan, by NMFS, and USFWS – now “remanded” and replaced by new Biological Opinion NMFS - (1) sets goals to improve salmon survival in locations away from dams, and for fish passage, and (2) establishes performance standards for federal agencies. Built-in review timetables. The All-H Paper (Basin-Wide Salmon Recovery Strategy) - habitat, hatcheries, harvest, hydropower. USFWS - addresses bull trout & white sturgeon
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From the 2008 FCRPS Biological Opinion
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From ExecutiveSummary of 2008Biological OpinionOf NOAA Fisheries,Adopted by the Sovereign parties in2008. Expected to beIn place for at least10 years.