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ENERGY CAMPUS ENERGY TO EXCEL

FINAL REPORT 2010 - 2015

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PROJECT DETAILS:

Scope: Global ■ Regional □ Acronym: Energy Campus Coordinating university: Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya · BarcelonaTech (UPC) Strategic alliance: CIEMAT, IREC, KIC InnoEnergy and b_TEC Affiliated entities: Ajuntament de Barcelona, AleaSoft, Clúster de Eficiencia Energética de Catalunya (CEEC), Colectivo para un Nuevo Modelo Energético social y Sostenible (CMES), Dexma, Fundació BCN FP, Fundación Gas Natural Fenosa, Goldemar, Hyds, Simon, Solvay, Urbiotica Energy Campus consortium here Annual report: 1º (2012) □ 2º (2013) □ 3º (2014) □ 4º (2015) ■ Period: July 2013 – June 2015 (and a brief summary of project activities since 2010) Coordinator: Mireia de la Rubia Garrido Telephone: + 34 93 413 76 24 E-mail: mireia.de.la.rubia@upc.edu Project web page: http://campusenergia.upc.edu/ Twitter: @campusenergia

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A NOTE ON METHODOLOGY

This report has been compiled in accordance with guidelines received from the Spanish Ministry of Education, Culture and Sport: “Final Evaluation Procedure for ICE 2010 Projects”. The document is divided into four parts: I. Summary, II. Description of the project activities, III. Project management and IV. The Future. Part I is an executive summary, primarily of the last reporting period, and gives an overview of the actions and achievements during the final phase of the ICE project. Most of the actions were begun in earlier phases, so the summary describes their ongoing development, extension or consolidation. Part II presents the individual actions carried out in the four main areas of the project framework: Academic Improvement and Adaptation to the EHEA, Scientific Improvement and Knowledge Transfer, Transformation of the Campus, and Interaction with the Business Environment and Local Area. At the end the presentation of each area is a concluding paragraph addressing possible deviations from the initial work plan and corrective measures, incomplete actions and actions in development, work planned for the next period, and new actions not planned in the original strategic plan but relevant to this latest report (which are described in more detail in Part IV). The tables summarise the actions set out in the original strategic plan and the new actions added to each area, to provide a full list of the actions carried out over the period 2010-2015 (Table c). The indicators in Table b reflect both the original list submitted with the project proposal in 2010 and a set of new indicators (some of them introduced in the first Progress Report) that will enhance the assessment of the Energy Campus project.

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INDEX

I. SUMMARY .......................................................................................................................................... 4

II. DESCRIPTION OF THE PROJECT ACTIVITIES ...................................................................................... 11

A) ACADEMIC IMPROVEMENT AND ADAPTATION TO THE EHEA ......................................................... 11

Consolidation of the international offer of master's degrees in energy .......................................... 12

PhD School in Energy ........................................................................................................................ 13

Student projects on energy-related topics....................................................................................... 14

International visibility ....................................................................................................................... 16

Conclusions for Area A ..................................................................................................................... 16

B) SCIENTIFIC IMPROVEMENT AND KNOWLEDGE TRANSFER .............................................................. 18

Research projects funded by the EU ................................................................................................ 19

Projects on emerging technologies .................................................................................................. 20

KIC InnoEnergy innovation projects ................................................................................................. 21

Support for the energy valorisation programme ............................................................................. 23

Consolidation of the Research Living Labs ....................................................................................... 24

Conclusions for Area B ..................................................................................................................... 25

C) TRANSFORMATION OF THE CAMPUS ............................................................................................... 34

Awareness campaigns on energy efficiency ..................................................................................... 34

Support for educational programmes on energy ............................................................................. 36

Energy efficiency of buildings, classrooms and laboratories ........................................................... 37

Completion of building work on the Energy Campus: Diagonal Besòs Campus .............................. 39

Conclusions for Area C...................................................................................................................... 40

D) INTERACTION WITH THE BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT AND LOCAL AREA ........................................... 41

Collaboration with local business and the local area ....................................................................... 42

Consolidation of the Energy Observatory ........................................................................................ 44

Labour market studies focusing on employment figures in the energy sector ............................... 45

Conclusions for Area D ..................................................................................................................... 46

TABLES ...................................................................................................................................................... 47

a) Main results achieved 2010-2015 ............................................................................................ 47

b) Progress indicators ................................................................................................................... 53

c) Summary of activities 2010-2015 ............................................................................................. 57

d) Employment of resources ........................................................................................................ 59

III. PROJECT MANAGEMENT .............................................................................................................. 60

IV. THE FUTURE .................................................................................................................................. 65

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I. SUMMARY

Current situation Since 2010, when the Spanish Ministry of Education, Culture and Sport awarded International Campus of Excellence (ICE) status to the project ‘Energy Campus: Energy to Excel’, each successive progress report has received excellent feedback.

In September and October 2013, an international committee appointed by the Ministry conducted an external assessment of all ICE projects in operation at that time, which focused on the progress achieved in four areas: 1. Academic Improvement and Adaptation to the EHEA; 2. Scientific Improvement and Knowledge Transfer; 3. Transformation of the Campus; and 4. Interaction with the Business Environment and Local Area.

The assessment report for the Energy Campus contained positive feedback on a number of aspects of its work, in particular the overall coherence of its teaching and research actions, the impact of the Campus on wider society, the relationships established with business and industry, and the alignment of activities with regional government policy and local business interests. These aspects have formed the basis of the main actions carried out in the last reporting period.

The committee praised several specific outcomes of the assessment period, including the new Industrial Doctorates programme and the strength of the Campus's ties with partners outside Europe, but also made a series of recommendations; they include investing in external assessments by international research and education organisations of similar standing, making greater efforts to attract predoctoral researchers, and switching from a quantitative to a qualitative focus in the area of scientific publications. In 2013, the progress of the CEI project was positively assessed (Score: A).

Acting on these recommendations, and to address other weaknesses identified by the committee, the Energy Campus has worked tirelessly to improve the quality of published articles in the field of energy—specifically targeting high-impact journals—and to foster closer links with business, involving more students in collaborative projects with local companies.

The Campus is now a more attractive prospect to postdoctoral researchers than when the initiative was launched; numbers have risen by 2% as a proportion of total teaching and research staff, reflecting an approximate increase of 35% overall since work began. Predoctoral researchers and research technicians remain the largest groups, but efforts to expand the postdoctoral community have clearly borne their fruit.

Over the last few months of the project, a new focus has also been placed on the importance of external evaluation. Since the end of 2013, the Collective for a New Sustainable Energy and Social Model (CMES), formed by a group of leading experts, has worked with the Energy Campus, holding periodic meetings with researchers to review the project's strategic objectives, organising conferences on the energy transition, and representing the UPC at sessions held by the Institute for Energy and Transport of the European Commission’s Joint Research Centre (JRC), at the invitation of the director of the Energy Security Unit. Through this partnership, the UPC has developed a strong European profile for research and development in energy.

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Academic improvement and adaptation to the EHEA One of the Campus's most striking successes is the consolidation of its postgraduate course catalogue, thanks primarily to the introduction of new master's degrees through the KIC InnoEnergy project, accreditation as a high-quality Erasmus Mundus teaching centre, a range of new programmes that cover various aspects of energy, and the healthy development of the industrial doctorate programme.

In addition, much of the research carried out by Energy Campus students, whether at master's degree level or for the doctoral thesis, takes place at Campus spin-offs or with consortium partners, which helps to strengthen ties across the project framework.

The University has made considerable efforts to improve the international standing of its courses and attract international talent, and has adapted learning outcomes to produce graduates with professional profiles required by the market and compatible with new technologies. It is also involved in a European project to identify the research, education and training capacities of higher education institutions across the continent in the field of energy, which will be used as the basis for the creation of new master's degrees and doctoral programmes alongside the emergence of new knowledge and technologies. These new studies will improve the employment prospects of postgraduate students over the coming years.

In the area of graduate profiles and new technologies, members of the Campus teaching staff lead a number of initiatives to promote new learning methodologies. Among them is the Barcelona SmartMoto Challenge, in which students design and construct an electric motorcycle that will compete against models produced at universities around the world. The work is carried out in close collaboration with companies in the sector.

Ampeer Team - Barcelona SmartMoto Challenge 2015

Other international competitions such as the Solar Decathlon (in Architecture) and Formula Student (in Engineering) have enabled students to acquire professional experience in their field and to develop an understanding of fundamental concepts for their studies, as well as establishing relationships with the companies that provided materials or technical support for their projects. The UPC teams achieved excellent results at the Solar Decathlon and Formula Student, and the experience gained from their participation can be considered a great success.

Scientific improvement and knowledge transfer The recent literature produced by the Campus's research groups is particularly noteworthy not for its quantity but for the impact of the journals in which it has been published. One example is the study coordinated by the UPC's Institute of Energy Technology (INTE), and published in Science, “Influence of the support on surface rearrangements of bimetallic nanoparticles in real catalysts” (Science, 31 October 2014, Vol. 346, no. 6209, pp. 620-623) or the article “Lightning discharges produced by wind turbines” (Journal of Geophysical Research, Vol. 119, Issue 3, 16 February 2014), published jointly by the Department of Electrical Engineering of the UPC and the Parsons Laboratory of the Massachusetts

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Institute of Technology (MIT), and cited by Nature in the article “Turbines shoot upside-down lightning” (Nature 506, 268 / 20 February 2014).

As in the previous reporting period, a considerable number of energy-related research projects have received European funding, primarily through FP7 but also from the new Horizon 2020 programme. In the area of scientific improvement, the objectives and content of each project are described in detail, but a word must also be given to the efforts of our researchers, who have increased their participation in European consortia and coordinated the actions that have enabled the Energy Campus to raise its international standing in the field. In the last year, funding with a total value of €4.8m has been received from the EU for energy-related projects. This is €2m more than in the first year of activity, and the UPC is now the leading producer of innovation and development activity in Catalonia in the framework of the Horizon 2020 programme, according to figures published in April by the European Union Open Data Portal.

EOLOS Buoy

Excellent results have been obtained in innovation projects funded by KIC InnoEnergy, in particular the EOLOS buoy, which was recently installed off the coast of the Netherlands, where it will help to identify the optimum site for a new offshore wind farm. The buoy, developed for the Neptune project, which was worked on by the Marine Engineering Laboratory (LIM-UPC) and other members of the consortium, has received the Innovation Award from the European Institute of Innovation and Technology (EIT) and led to the creation of the start-up EOLOS Floating Lidar Solutions. To date, the research groups based on the Energy Campus have obtained over €3m in KIC funding for innovation projects.

Finally, knowledge transfer in the area of energy - whether through patents, spin-off creation or university-business collaboration - has been bolstered in recent months through a diverse selection of projects that provide solutions for the transport sector, city authorities and municipal governments. Among the most prominent examples are AQUA.abib, which uses solar energy to power seawater desalination; Bound4blue, a rigid sail system for large watercraft that is used to generate renewable energy; and Eolgreen, the first public lighting system powered by solar and wind energy. In the last three years, the Campus has doubled the number of international patents it held in 2012, and over the period 2013-2015 the number of patents commercialised through spin-offs and other company types has risen from 1 to 7 and from 6 to 14, respectively.

Transformation of the Campus to develop a comprehensive social model The future Besòs site is now an active project. The construction of the Diagonal Besòs Campus (CDB) is entering its final phase and is scheduled to end in 2016. Three of the buildings for the new campus are near to completion: buildings A (27,979 m2), C (11,619 m2) and I (13,202 m2), which will be used primarily for teaching and for basic and applied research in energy. They will also provide facilities for collaborative research with consortium members such as the Catalan Institute for Energy Research (IREC).

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Campus Diagonal-Besòs today

The CDB is also the ideal environment for forward-looking initiatives such as the communities and projects set up within the RIS3 framework. Three field-specific, regionally based proposals are currently being defined, in conjunction with a variety of local stakeholders, social organisations and financial backers.

Construction of the new campus is being carried out in line with strict energy efficiency criteria, which are also applied to other new buildings, such as the Igualada School of Engineering, and to the refurbishment of classrooms and laboratories across other UPC sites. Recent work completed at the Barcelona School of Industrial Engineering, for example, has included the installation of energy saving solutions such as motion sensors for the lighting system and skylights to increase natural light in the building. In addition, the roofs of some UPC buildings have been used to install pilot equipment and to conduct experimental projects; specifically, a solar disc engine to generate electricity and hot water was recently installed at the ETSEIB building on the South Campus, and a photovoltaic energy system has been installed on the roof of the Gaia building on the Terrassa Campus.

Actions to transform the Campus and develop a comprehensive social model have included a series of specific awareness initiatives and educational activities on energy saving and energy efficiency.

The Campus remains involved in various initiatives to build its students' entrepreneurial skills and to foster a vocational interest in science. The Energy Campus is represented on the jury for the FPEmprèn awards and sponsors the main prize, contributes to the Emprèn UPC entrepreneurship awards, has hosted the annual Summer Science Campuses since 2011, and organises courses and workshops on energy at the Natural Resources Exploratorium in Berga.

The Campus also continues to organise Energy Optimisation Projects (POEs) and Energy Campus work sessions, uses international forums to promote its achievements in the field of sustainable management (energy savings of 27% have been recorded over a four-year period), and has launched

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new initiatives like Campus Lab, which allows UPC students to complete their bachelor's theses within the framework of energy saving projects focused on energy efficiency, self-sufficiency or clean energy.

Interaction with the business environment and local area Strengthening the university-business alliance has remained a key objective of the Energy Campus project over the last reporting period.

Declaration of the Vallès Occidental on the Second Reindustrialisation

Collaboration with the business environment has grown in effectiveness, thanks to the UPC's involvement in the Declaration of the Vallès Occidental on the Second Reindustrialisation, together with regional stakeholders, and to participation in projects such as Rubí Brilla, in which Campus research groups offer energy assessment and audit services to local companies and advise on measures to protect against problems caused by power supply quality issues.

In terms of regional influence, the Energy Campus has carried out various activities in the areas neighbouring other UPC campuses and sites. In Barcelona, UPC lecturers and architecture students are designing an energy self-sufficient building that will house facilities open to local residents and accommodation for students in one of the most disadvantaged neighbourhoods of the city. Also in Barcelona, a team of experts from the University is working with the City Council on pilot projects with Power to Gas (P2G), a new hydrogen energy storage technology.

On the Baix Llobregat Campus, a newly constructed building now houses ESA BIC Barcelona, Spain's first European Space Agency (ESA) business incubation centre and home to Born Positiu, a start-up dedicated to the development of an intelligent control system for the integration of a micro-generator with multiple energy sources.

This increasingly active network of interactions with the local area and the business environment has created the ideal setting for new collaborations. As reported in the results for the previous core area, a variety of projects are being set up within the framework of the EU's Smart Specialisation Strategy, which, like the Energy Campus itself, is built on the quadruple helix model.

Finally, the new Energy Observatory has produced a variety of energy-related studies, on subjects such as environmental damage caused by the petrochemical industry (coordinated by researchers from the Environment Centre Laboratory), the future of renewable energy sources (with the support of KIC InnoEnergy), and sustainable mobility (a collaboration between the CITCEA-UPC and the Catalan Energy Efficiency Cluster). Similarly, members of the Energy Campus community have worked with the BCN FP Foundation to publish a labour market study of the energy sector in the Barcelona metropolitan area.

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CONCLUSIONS In the area of academic improvement and adaptation to the EHEA, the Energy Campus has designed a comprehensive, international course catalogue with the potential to attract the best students. The facilities at which these courses are taught are fully adapted to the requirements of the EHEA and to the demands of innovative teaching methodologies. Our students have excelled internationally in several university competitions.

In the area of scientific improvement and knowledge transfer, the Campus's research groups have developed a Europe-wide reputation for R&D, thanks to the increased number of projects that receive EU funding and the impact of their most recent publications. Advances have also been made in technology transfer, with a number of successful valorisation projects recently completed, including a renewable energy lighting system and a buoy for determining the ideal location for an offshore wind farm.

The Diagonal Besòs Campus has taken great strides in its capacity to bring together talented students, leading researchers and major energy companies, and is one of the most representative actions in the core area transformation of the Campus. Energy awareness campaigns and educational programmes on energy, which have had an increasing impact on the university community and in the local area, complete the actions carried out in this core area.

Summer Science Camps –Energy Campus

In the area of interaction with the business environment and local area, more extensive collaborations have been established with local business, public authorities and the surrounding area. During this period the University has signed the Declaration of the Vallès Occidental on the Second Reindustrialisation; students, teaching staff and researchers have worked with town and city councils and local authorities on social rehabilitation projects and to provide services to private enterprise, and the Energy Observatory has completed numerous studies and reports on renewable energy and energy sector employment.

Most of the actions carried out by the Energy Campus are those originally detailed in the Report on the project for conversion to an International Campus of Excellence, but the dynamic nature of the programme has created new areas of interest and added value that have been integrated into the project as it has developed. Since the Energy Campus project was launched, many of the initial actions have evolved and become firmly established. The work involved in this evolution has been made possible by a robust and flexible governance system that has adapted to the changing needs of the project. During this period, a management unit has been set up to oversee progress towards the project objectives. It follows the guidelines set by the Energy Campus's main decision-making bodies and is represented at meetings of the Executive Committee.

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Coordination activities are grouped around two core areas: decisions relating to the initial project plan, and linked to KIC InnoEnergy and consortium members (IREC and CIEMAT); and decisions relating to the management structure of the Campus itself, including the b_TEC Foundation, which is involved in building and consolidating future synergies for the new Diagonal Besòs Campus. The management system has been strengthened with the appointment of a rector's delegate for Energy, who is the highest institutional authority in this field of activity.

The completion of the ICE project does not bring an end to the work of the Energy Campus, as energy remains one of the University's primary areas of interest. The Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya · BarcelonaTech (UPC) is a driving force behind strategic projects in its field of expertise, thanks to its strong research leadership and the experience of its researchers; to help visualise this role, it has drawn up a map of six strategic areas, of one of which is Energy. Bioengineering, Mobile Technologies, Smart City, Advanced Manufacturing, and Emerging Areas make up the remaining areas.

The future of the Energy Campus rests on continued efforts to increase its presence in European research projects and strategic smart specialisation programmes; to establish new collaborative ties that will create a stable and committed consortium; to increase efforts to communicate the work it carries out in the field of energy to foster stronger links with society; and a general commitment to aligning the actions of the many stakeholders involved in the creation of a new energy model.

The prospects of the Energy Campus project are encouraging. Energy is a major contemporary concern and the focus of extensive debate about the need for a greener future. Reflecting this, the launch of the Smart Specialisation Strategy (RIS3) has required regional governments across Europe to address the importance of the energy market and will give continuity to projects arising from the Energy Campus initiative.

The Energy Campus, through its commitment to the development of the local community, and thanks to the contributions of an increasing number of consortium members, has grown in stature to offer a broader range of activities than traditionally associated with a university body.

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II. DESCRIPTION OF THE PROJECT ACTIVITIES

A) ACADEMIC IMPROVEMENT AND ADAPTATION TO THE EHEA The actions carried out in the area Academic Improvement and Adaptation to the EHEA seek to secure investment for the introduction of new courses to attract international students (Strategic Objective SO2), and to retain leading national and international talent through involvement in high-impact projects.

The initial report on the project for converting to an International Campus of Excellence outlined the range of educational activities carried out in the Energy Campus framework. Before describing the actions carried out in this reporting period, a word on context is required. The UPC is the most active European university in the teaching of Erasmus Mundus master's degrees; more than 20,000 students take bachelor's degrees with subjects that cover particular aspects of energy; it offers more than 30 master's degree programmes with a direct or indirect focus on energy, which attract over half of their student intake from outside Spain, and more than 30% of its doctoral programmes, with some 1,500 students, address aspects of energy.

Looking in detail at the most recent period of execution, 2013-2015, quantitative and qualitative improvements have been made in all of the main reporting areas. Full details will be given in the following sections, but three key developments are particularly illustrative of these improvements:

The introduction of new teaching methodologies that expand students' skills profiles. In 2013, a new initiative was launched in which bachelor's degree students at the Terrassa School of Engineering give public presentations of innovative ideas developed for the subject Electronic System Projects. Initiatives such as these enable students to put into practice the knowledge of electronics acquired during the course and to apply transferable skills such as communication and teamwork that are increasingly called for in the labour market.

In the area of internationalisation of the student community, in September 2013, seven students from the Barcelona School of Industrial Engineering (ETSEIB) received the diploma for the European Master of Science in Nuclear Engineering (EMSNE), awarded by the European Nuclear Education Network (ENEN) to students who have completed the master's degree in Nuclear Engineering or an equivalent course approved by the Network. The diploma certifies that students have received the highest quality training in Europe in their field. The UPC has produced more graduates in this field than any other university in Europe in the last ten years.

Research training is provided through the Catalan government's International Doctorate programme, which has been developed over the last few years and is beginning to show tangible results. As reported below, the UPC has sent students abroad and hosted students from around Europe in the framework of InnoEnergy PhD School activities, as well as designing and imparting new courses, and adding energy to the subject areas covered by the Industrial Doctorates programme.

Finally, a milestone in the training of skilled professionals for the energy sector was reached in November 2013, which saw the first graduating class complete the new bachelor's degree in Energy Engineering at the Barcelona College of Industrial Engineering (EUETIB). The School, which is affiliated to the UPC and is currently being transferred to the new Diagonal Besòs Campus, was the first university school in Spain to offer this degree course, which provides the skills to manage and direct engineering projects related to energy generation, transport and distribution, energy efficiency and energy saving. Strengthening the international master’s degrees in energy.

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The strategic objectives will be achieved through work in four main areas:

Consolidation of the international offer of master's degrees in energy PhD School in Energy Student projects on energy-related topics International visibility

Consolidation of the international offer of master's degrees in energy

Progress towards the objectives for each core area Since the ICE project began, the Energy Campus has been committed to offering a quality range of international courses. Since the 2011-2012 academic year, the course catalogue has included the international master's degrees offered under the KIC InnoEnergy education programme (RENE, EMINE and SENSE), and it has recently been extended with new cross-disciplinary postgraduate courses that address various aspects of energy.

International student (SELECT Master) pay a visit to the Living Lab LOW3

For the 2015-2016 academic year, five new master's degrees have been announced, two of which will be taught at the Energy Campus:

- Master's degree in Architecture-BarcelonaArch (MBArch): the course includes a specialisation in architecture, energy and the environment, which enables students to develop research skills in energy performance assessment of buildings and urban structures, environmental assessment for architecture and urbanism projects, and the application of natural and artificial environment conditioning techniques.

- Master's degree in Building Construction Management: the course addresses economic management, quality control and project management, energy management in completed buildings and built heritage, and site security during construction work. Students can choose to acquire a specialist understanding of areas such as project management, the use of integrated management tools, and real estate marketing.

Most significant results Since 2010, the University has offered a postgraduate course catalogue with specific and cross-disciplinary master's degrees that address applied aspects of energy technology in fields such as architecture and building construction. In the 2014 QS World University Rankings by Subject, the UPC was ranked 20th for Architecture, making it the highest-placed university in Spain and the only Spanish university in the world top 50 for this subject area.

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In the period 2010-2015, the following programmes have been carried out:

MSc Renewable Energy (RENE)

MSc Environomical Pathways for Sustainable Energy Systems (SELECT)

MSc Smart Electrical Networks & Systems (SENSE)

MSc Nuclear Energy (EMINE)

MSc Energy for Smart Cities

Master's degree in Innovation and Entrepreneurship

Master’s degree in Energy Engineering

Master's degree in Geological and Mining Engineering

Master's degree in Architecture-BarcelonaArch (MBArch)

Master's degree in Building Construction Engineering

Use of resources As the project has progressed, designated staff members have been assigned to this action to coordinate teaching activities and oversee communication. The educational director of KIC Iberia, for example, previously held a teaching position at the Energy Campus. A specific budget allocation was also made for refurbishment work to create new study rooms, using funds received from the Spanish government's Fortalecimiento subprogramme for 2011.

PhD School in Energy

Progress towards the objectives for each core area The KIC InnoEnergy PhD School offers value-added training to InnoEnergy students enrolled in doctoral programmes at the UPC, aiming to strengthen their aptitudes for commerce, innovation and business creation in the field of sustainable energy. The Energy Campus and the Iberian node of the KIC InnoEnergy consortium have been working together to launch the UPC Industrial Doctorates programme, as part of the Catalan government’s strategy to strengthen the ties between university and business.

Most significant results During the last academic year, the PhD School supported the work of four students from two Energy Campus research groups (CITCEA and MCIA), who attended the following activities:

Energy Economics Course, Grenoble Ecole de Management, September 2014

ESADE Summer School, ESADE Barcelona, June-July 2015

Renewable Bootcamp, UPC Barcelona, September 2014

Energy Systems Integration Course, Leuven, May 2015

Students at the KIC InnoEnergy PhD School are involved in research projects carried out with the framework of the European consortium's own activities. As part of their work, these students are required to complete placements at universities or research centres that specialise in the areas covered by each project. Placements have a minimum duration of four months and a maximum of six months. In the last academic year, three UPC students completed placements at the University of Leuven (Belgium) and York University (Canada), and a student from Leuven spent six months working with the CITCEA research group at the UPC.

In addition, the universities in the KIC consortium organise courses in specialist areas of energy for students enrolled at the PhD School. The 2014-2015 academic year saw the launch of the first specific activity at the UPC, the Renewable Track BootCamp, coordinated by a professor from the Department of Electronic Engineering. Feedback from participants was unanimously positive. The week-long

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course consisted of a series of guided visits to energy installations and talks from professionals involved in various areas of sustainable energy.

In the Industrial Doctorates initiative, eight energy-related programmes were offered during the last reporting period, and students can now take part in nine new projects with companies working in diverse areas, including electric vehicle design and energy saving in building construction. Collaboration opportunities are also available with UPC spin-offs (teknoCEA, URBIOTICA, etc.):

001/2015 UPC - RDmes Technologies SL Development of a low-cost wireless control unit for solar thermal systems in residential housing developments

080/2014 UPC - CIRCA SA Optimisation of mortar rheology for advanced applications in façade structures

066/2014 UPC - Simulacions Òptiques SL Device and strategy for energy surface measurement

057/2014 UPC - TEC-CUATRO SA Seismic protection and energy dissipation structures for rail bridges in areas of high seismic activity

052/2014 UPC - Bultaco Motors SL Control of the drive system for an electric motorcycle

046/2014 UPC - teknoCEA Design and implementation of a trial micronetwork platform

045/2014 UPC - Doxa Innova & Smart Consulting SL Study of the capabilities of the electric vehicle and its impact on urban transport, intermodality and interoperability

13/090 UPC - URBIOTICA Smart cities as an application of the Internet of Things

13/078 UPC - Aigües de Barcelona SA (AGBAR) Big data applied to water consumption and supply efficiency

Use of resources The complementary activities on innovation and business creation that doctoral students carry out through KIC InnoEnergy are covered by the same programme, as are mobility costs for periods of research at other universities or research centres. The Catalan government provides financial support for Industrial Doctorates projects, to cover costs including enrolment fees, company tutorials, maintenance of the mobility service, and the required 30 hours of cross-disciplinary training. It also offers funding to research groups to cover direct project costs and indirect costs generated at the University. For specific cases, Industrial Doctorates projects will receive specific funding.

Student projects on energy-related topics

Progress towards the objectives for each core area There has been a considerable increase in the number of students whose projects have a specific focus on energy. A range of interesting initiatives have been developed in the field of electric vehicles, such as the SmartMoto Challenge, and in sustainable architecture.

While previous reports have described the achievements of UPC teams in the international Formula Student competition (three prototype electric vehicles designed and constructed by Energy Campus students currently compete with considerable success in Europe and the USA: EUETIB e-Tech Racing, UPC ecoRacing and ETSEIB Motorsport), since 2013 the UPC has also organised the SmartMoto Challenge, which is supported by companies in the sector and by the Barcelona City Council. Multidisciplinary teams from the Campus compete in the event against students from other countries (ETSEIB-ELISAVA: Ampeer team).

Notable architectural projects include the new prototype built by ETSAV students: the RESSÒ house, which follows on from the LOW3 and (e)co projects. RESSÒ is a strategy for urban regeneration, social reform and redesign of the energy mix, as well as an educational tool that aims to create a forum through which local residents can collectivise resources and economise their household budgets. This

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leads to considerable energy savings and ensures more comfortable conditions for energy-poor households.

Architecture students working on the RESSÒ prototype in the Solar Decathlon Paris 2014

Most significant results Following the success of the two previous editions in Barcelona, the Russian participants organised a competition in their own country, SmartMoto Challenge Russia. Five teams from the UPC have had the opportunity to showcase their electric car and motorbike prototypes at EXPOeléctric Formula-e, giving greater visibility to the design and construction work carried out by students at the ETSEIB, ETSEIAT, EUETIB and EPSVG: UPC ETSEIB Motorsport, Ampeer Team, UPC ecoRacing, e-Tech Racing and E-bike. EXPOelèctric Fórmula-e is the largest electric vehicle and efficient technologies event in southern Europe.

This pioneering initiative aimed to raise public interest in zero-emission, efficient-technology electric vehicles through a series of activities held in Barcelona on 16-19 October 2014. The aim of EXPOelèctric Fórmula-e is to promote energy saving and efficient driving, and to establish the electric vehicle as a viable alternative for urban and inter-urban transport.

The prize for solar architecture projects awarded by the European Association for Renewable Energy (Eurosolar) was given to the ETSAV-UPC team that took part in the Solar Decathlon Europe 2014 with its RESSÒ project. The prototype showcases a low-cost architectural approach to create an energy-efficient and self-sufficient building, using solar thermal power with vacuum collectors and solar PV panels. ETSAV-UPC students were awarded the prize in 2012 for the project (e)co.

The RESSÒ team returned from Solar Decathlon Europe 2014—held in Versailles between 26 June and 14 July—with three awards. The team from the Vallès School of Architecture (ETSAV) came first in Innovation and in Architecture and third in Urbanism and Society.

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In April 2014, three students from the ETSAV won first prize in the national strand of the ISOVER Multi-Comfort House Student Contest for their project "Learning among Nature". The Multi-Comfort House Student Contest encourages architecture students to put into practice their knowledge of acoustic comfort and energy efficiency in housing design.

Use of resources Support for the projects was received from various members of the School's teaching staff. To fund their work, students used a combination of micro-patronage and sponsorship, receiving both financial support and materials for the development and construction of houses, cars and motorbikes.

International visibility

Progress towards the objectives for each core area As described in the original conversion report, one of the planned actions to drive further internationalisation of the University, promote its courses and improve its general standing is the establishment of a coherent network of partnerships through the Energy Campus framework.

The UPC, as a member of the European University Association (EUA) and coordinator of the Iberian node of KIC-InnoEnergy, is one of the universities involved in the UNI-SET project, which aims to assist the deployment of the European Strategic Energy Technology Plan (SET Plan) by identifying the research, education and training capacities of European universities in the field of energy, identifying opportunities for involvement in new energy-related R&D projects, and promoting the creation of new master's degrees and doctoral programmes alongside the emergence of new knowledge and technologies. These new studies will improve the employment prospects of postgraduate students over the coming year.

Most significant results Planned activities include a survey by participating universities that will be used to create interactive online maps that give a global insight into energy-related advances and achievements at universities across the continent. This is an opportunity to raise the profile of master's degrees, doctoral programmes and research initiatives; to attract talented researchers and prospective students; to identify and be seen by other universities and stakeholders (companies, research associations, etc.); to identify opportunities for collaboration in research and teaching; to identify opportunities to create multidisciplinary teams and address energy challenges from a more holistic perspective; to establish a single channel for information on energy-related activities at each institution, and to give greater voice to European universities in the field of energy, to attract more funding and strengthen the profile of higher education institutions in efforts to address the energy challenge.

Use of resources The UNI-SET project is funded by the European Union's Seventh Framework Programme for Research and Development (FP7). Coordinated by the EUA and implemented jointly with KU Leuven, in representation of the universities in the KIC InnoEnergy consortium, the project has a European operating budget of €1.5m.

Conclusions for Area A After five years of work, the actions set out for this area have largely been completed (some are pending definitive completion due to delays in building work) and the corresponding strategic objective (SO1) has been achieved. In the area of bachelor's and master's degrees, work began with the definition of training requirements and the design of new courses, which are now fully consolidated. In the area of doctoral studies, progress has been slightly slower as this was an entirely

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new field of activity. Nevertheless, a fluid relationship has been established with the KIC InnoEnergy PhD School, and the Catalan government's Industrial Doctorates programme includes energy as one of its priority areas.

From the outset, a key focus was placed on working more closely with students, introducing new learning models in various areas related to energy. The SmartMoto Challenge (in the area of industrial engineering), the RESSÒ house and Solar Decathlon (architecture) have been widely praised by participating students and by companies who are seeking graduates with the first-hand experience gained through such initiatives.

SmartMoto Challenge Moscow 2014

The creation of the International Welcome Point and the Learning Centre for the Diagonal Besòs Campus are pending completion while construction work on the new site is concluded, as detailed in Area C. Progress should be swift, as the Campus is scheduled to be fully operational for the 2016-2017 academic year.

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B) SCIENTIFIC IMPROVEMENT AND KNOWLEDGE TRANSFER The strategic objectives for this area, as defined in the original ICE conversion report, were to move from cooperation to strategic partnership (SO4) and to consolidate international outreach in the energy sector (SO3).

To pursue these objectives, the actions in this second area have focused on improving research in the broadest possible sense, and efforts have been made to improve the identification of our groups in research databases, to enhance the flow of information generated by members of the Energy Campus community. Work has also continued in the area of international outreach, with major qualitative advances evident in the coordination of joint projects with international partners, the growing presence of Campus representatives at international fairs and events, the number of successful international patent applications, and the creation of spin-offs that operate in the global market.

Various key actions illustrate the success achieved in the above areas:

Researchers from the UPC, in conjunction with the University of Aalto (Finland), have created solar cells with a conversion efficiency of 22.1%: Black silicon solar cells with interdigitated back-contacts achieve 22.1% efficiency. Nature Nanotechnology 10, 624-628 (2015)

A team of researchers from the CRnE-UPC and INTE-UPC has discovered how atoms move in a real catalyst, demonstrating that reactions behave differently depending on the material of the catalytic support: Influence of the support on surface rearrangements of bimetallic nanoparticles in real catalysts. Science 31, Oct2014 Vol. 346 no. 6209 pp. 620-623

Members from the Department of Electrical Engineering (UPC) and from the Parsons Laboratory (Massachusetts Institute of Technology, MIT) published their work on lighting discharges produced by wind turbines: Lightning discharges produced by wind turbines. Journal of Geophysical Research, Vol. 119, Issue 3, Feb 2014, which was later highlighted by Nature that month “Turbines shoot upside-down lightning” (Nature 506, 268 / 20 February 2014)

A team of researchers from the UPC, together with experts from the University of Alabama, SupAero (FR), the Jacobs Technology Center (USA) and the Schafer Corporation, has analysed two systems for generating heat and electricity on the surface of the Moon: Heat storage and electricity generation in the Moon during the lunar night. Acta Astronautica, Volume 93, January 2014, Pages 352-358

A team of researchers from the Nanoengineering Research Centre (CRnE) has developed a faster and more cost-effective method of manufacturing crystalline silicon slices: “Silicon millefeuille”: From a silicon wafer to multiple thin crystalline films in a single step. Appl. Phys. Lett. 102, 172102 (2013)

Researchers from the INTE-UPC, together with teams from the University of Auckland and King Abdullah University of Science & Technology, have developed a cleaner, more cost-effective and renewable system for producing hydrogen from water and sunlight: Hydrogen production by Tuning the Photonic Band Gap with the Electronic Band Gap of TiO2. Scientific Reports 3, 2849, Oct 2013

Special mention should be made of some of the more outstanding achievements in this area of activity, which illustrate the increasing importance given to energy by consortium partners:

o 2013 Treelogic award for innovative spirit to Javier Ibáñez García for his project “Design of a prototype for power generation using piezoelectric technology”.

o The 2013 Rei Jaume I award in the category of New Technologies, won by Antonio González, director of Intel Labs Barcelona, for his work on computer architecture, in particular the development of new techniques to reduce energy consumption and dissipate heat more effectively.

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In line with the strategic objectives for this area, the following actions are planned:

Research projects funded by the EU Projects on emerging technologies KIC InnoEnergy innovation projects Support for the energy valorisation programme Consolidation of the Research Living Labs

Research projects funded by the EU

Progress towards the objectives for each core area In the last round of funding for FP7 projects and the first funding call for Horizon 2020, the UPC has increased the number of competitively financed projects in the field of energy. Major initiatives launched under the FP7 framework include the SmartRuralGrid consortium, led by the Catalan firm Estabanell, which is developing an innovative smart grid approach for the specific requirements of power distribution in rural communities; MAGHRENOV, in which countries from the EU and the Maghreb are working work together to build skills and create business innovations in the area of sustainable energy.

Singapore underground pays a visit to SEAM4US Pilot-Passeig de Gràcia

Also, EnreMilk, to reduce water and energy consumption in milk processing; SEAM4US, a European project to reduce the energy consumption of underground transportation systems; and ZeEUs, a project which aims to be the leading European initiative for the integration of electric vehicle solutions into urban bus networks.

Under the Horizon 2020 programme, the UPC coordinates the EnerGAware project, which aims to raise awareness of energy efficiency issues in social housing communities, and is a partner in SecureChain, an initiative to promote sustainable supply chain management for biomass and bioenergy, and EMPOWER, which promotes active public involvement in the energy production and consumption process. (See Table 1 for more details.)

A series of new projects have received funding under other European programmes and grant calls for energy-related research, including the MED-SOLAR Project for the promotion and application of innovative technologies, and the transfer of know-how in the field of solar energy, in particular photovoltaic systems, implemented within the framework of the ENPI CBC Mediterranean Sea Basin Programme; Greenet, a Marie Curie Action focused on the analysis, design and optimisation of wireless energy efficiency systems and communication networks; or MaRVEN, an environmental

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impact study of the noise, vibrations and electromagnetic emissions caused by marine renewable energy installations.

Finally, members of the Energy Campus consortium have carried out valuable work as part of major European projects, including RenewIT, coordinated by the Catalan Institute for Energy Research (IREC) with the support of the Barcelona Supercomputing Center (BSC), which examined advanced concepts and tools for supplying data centres with renewable energy, and SOLPROCEL, coordinated by the Institute of Photonic Sciences (ICFO), which focused on the development of organic nanomaterials for high-performance semi-transparent solar cells. (See Table 2 for more information.)

Outside the scope of FP7, two major initiatives have also been carried out: the project Empowering, co-financed by the Intelligent Energy Europe (IEE) programme and designed to help consumers to manage and reduce their energy use, and the Smile project, co-financed by the MED Programme, which supports and develops innovative strategies and plans for energy-efficient logistics solutions in Mediterranean cities, harnessing existing technology and building on previous experiences.

Most significant results According to data published by the European Union Open Data Portal on the first 2,400 projects approved under the Horizon 2020 programme, the UPC is involved in more projects than any other Catalan institution and is the third-placed institution in Spain, behind only the National Research Council (CSIC) and the Tecnalia Foundation. The UPC is one of 33 Spanish institutions involved in five or more projects; it is currently involved in 28 in the areas of ICTs, telemedicine, robotics, mineral resources, textile engineering and energy, and coordinates seven.

Use of resources Funding for the projects described above is provided mainly through European programmes (FP7, Horizon 2020, ENPI & MED, etc.). The work is carried out by Energy Campus researchers, both those employed directly by the University and those employed by affiliated bodies and linked to the UPC by a specific teaching contract.

According to preliminary figures for the Horizon 2020 programme taken from the European Union Open Data Portal, total EU funding for projects involving the UPC stands at €6.5m, of which €3.2m has been allocated to projects coordinated by the University. European funding for the project EnerGAware (“Energy game for awareness of energy efficiency in social housing communities”), coordinated by the UPC, totalled €1.9m.

Projects on emerging technologies

Progress towards the objectives for each core area The UPC's scientific and technological capabilities place it at the forefront of Spanish and European research, and many of its groups are already working on emerging technologies such as electric vehicles. Through a variety of projects, described in more detail below, the Campus's research groups are gradually establishing themselves as leading innovators in the field of electro-mobility.

Most significant results The Motion Control and Industrial Application (MCIA) research group and the Manresa Technology Centre (CTM) have been selected by INFRANOR to participate in an international consortium as part of the Iberoeka VEUREE project, for the design and development of a high-performance electrical vehicle platform that maximises energy efficiency. The design should be completed in 2015 and will be put together by the Mexican firm TC Technologies.

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The ACES (Advanced Control of Energy Systems) group is working with a team from the Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC) in Brazil to develop a three-wheeled urban electric vehicle.

Similarly, the CITCEA-UPC group has worked with Endesa to develop the first recharging point to incorporate V2G (vehicle to grid) and V2H (vehicle to home) technology, which allow the user to choose between consuming the accumulated energy in the vehicle, transferring energy to the home supply, or selling excess energy back to the grid.

Use of resources The VEUREE project has a total budget of €2.3m, obtained from the national Centre for the Development of Industrial Technology (CDTI) and the Mexican National Council of Science and Technology (CONACYT). In Mexico the project is led by TC Technologies, while work in Spain is directed by INFRANOR, which has partnered with the CTM and the MCIA group.

Veuree – Platform for a high performance electric vehicle

Development of the three-wheeled hybrid vehicle is carried out by the Brazilian national Innovation Laboratory network, while the recharging points are developed by Endesa in conjunction with the IREC.

KIC InnoEnergy innovation projects

Progress towards the objectives for each core area In the last reporting period, Energy Campus researchers have obtained funding from KIC InnoEnergy for ten new innovation projects in a range of fields: Renewable Energies, Smart Electric Grid, Energy Storage, Sustainable Nuclear and Renewable Convergence, Smart and Efficient Buildings and Cities, and Energy from Chemical Fuels.

Most significant results In subsequent rounds of funding, the following projects have been added: MicroLubGear (“New automatic lubrication for pitch and yaw gears decreases maintenance, increases energy generation and prevents excessive wear”), SST (“Solid State Transformer”), ESPE (“Load Current Commutation and Interruption by Electro-Mechanical Switches and Power Electronics”) and ProInterface (“Intelligent Power Conditioning and Monitoring Interfaces for Smart Grid Prosumers”).

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Major projects carried out by consortium members include HITTEG (“High Temperature Thermoelectric Generator”), MTT Micro CHP (“Micro Turbine Technology for Micro Combined Heat and Power Plants”), MINERVE (“Management of Intermittent & Nuclear Electricity for the Valorisation of CO2 in Flexible Energies”), DemoSNG (“Demonstration of SNG for smart gas grids”), COFAST (“Combined heat & power for fast charging stations”), and MATERIALS (“Smart Grid Materials”), which are contributed to by the IREC, SOLVAY and Gas Natural Fenosa.

Within this action, the EOLOS buoy—developed for the Neptune project to determine the optimum location for an offshore wind farm—was installed this year off the Netherlands coast, thanks to a collaboration with the Marine Engineering Laboratory (LIM-UPC) and the support of the German energy firm RWE Innogy and the operator of the Eneco Luchterduinen offshore wind farm. The Neptune project and the EOLOS buoy recently won the Innovation Award of the European Institute of Innovation and Technology (EIT), and in November 2013, KIC InnoEnergy Iberia received the annual National Research Award for the best public-private partnership, promoted by the Government of Catalonia and the Catalan Foundation for Research and Innovation (FCRi).

Use of resources Proposals can be submitted by formal KIC InnoEnergy partners, associates, or new partners. Funding for innovation projects comes from the EIT and directly from KIC.

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Support for the energy valorisation programme

Progress towards the objectives With the support of the UPC's Innovation Management Service, which oversees technology valorisation, and the Innovation and Technology Centre, which manages technology transfer activities, the Energy Campus has designed, coordinated and implemented various strategies for the commercialisation and valorisation of research results. Work has been carried out to define an effective policy on protecting and commercialising research results, to design and implement a spin-off creation model, to manage part-owned companies, and to establish dialogue between the agents of supply and demand in the Campus's areas of activity. The most recent actions for the valorisation programme in the area of energy have focused on the creation of spin-offs, patent applications, and collaborations with private companies.

Most significant results Notable spin-offs include AQUA.abib, which has developed a novel solar energy solution for seawater desalination and waste water treatment. The patented system is designed for countries with sunny climates (like Spain) and achieves an energy saving in excess of 80% relative to conventional processes that use other technologies for similar purposes. TeknoCEA, the second technology company to emerge from the CITCEA research group, offers solutions in the fields of electrical energy and the industrialisation of new technology products. It operates primarily in the mechatronics and enertronics sectors. NRG.lab, which stems from research carried out by the Renewable Electrical Energy Systems (SEER) group, develops engineering solutions for the electronics sector, helping to build the electrical systems of the future.

Bound4blue prototype

In the area of patents, the CELBIOTECH group has patented an aqueous compound that modifies the properties of cellulose-based materials, making it a source of considerable energy savings for the paper manufacturing industry. CELBIOTECH received the first VALORTEC prize from the Government of Catalonia in the category Business Plan for Patent Commercialisation. Bound4blue, an innovative rigid sail system for later watercraft capable of generating renewable energy, reduces the fuel consumption of cargo ships. And MicroLubGear, an innovative automatic lubrication system for wind turbine gears that provides constant lubrication during operation, ensures that maintenance stops are no longer necessary, dramatically increasing productivity.

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Eolgreen lighting system

Finally, a number of significant business partnerships have been established. These include the design of the first public lighting system powered by solar and wind energy, carried out by researchers from the UPC and the company Eolgreen. The system was developed over a period of four years and is the only one of its type in the world. Suitable for inter-urban road networks, motorways, parks and gardens, and other areas of public space, it has a number of advantages, in particular a cost reduction of 20% relative to conventional public lighting and zero CO2 emissions. Agreements have been signed with the Huelva port authority, the city councils of Sant Boi de Llobregat and Girona, and various municipal authorities in Andalusia. During 2015, the company aims to produce some 700 units. The Industrial Equipment Design Centre (CDEI-UPC) has worked with the waste management firm Palvi to develop a new refuse collection vehicle for recycling containers that improves energy efficiency and lowers the overall cost of the collection and recycling process. The new vehicle is 20% lighter than the old model, bringing considerable energy savings, and handling is more precise, thus minimising damage and extending the useful life of containers.

Use of resources The new companies, patents and collaborations are a testament to the efforts of Energy Campus researchers and teaching staff and stem from a variety of innovative projects, such as AQUA.abib, which recently won institutional support from the Iberian node of KIC InnoEnergy, and the newly patented MicroLubGear system. Many companies generously provided funds to support prototype design and the patent application process, local associations also provided funds for specific projects, and in the specific case of Bound4blue, funding was obtained through investment partners in the naval sector.

Consolidation of the Research Living Labs

Progress towards the objectives for each core area In this most recent period, two new projects that follow the Research Living Labs (RLL) methodology have been launched. Firstly, through a partnership with the Solvay and RMIT University, Energy Campus researchers are developing a solar pond system for capturing, storing and transferring solar energy to power industrial plants.

Secondly, the UPC is transforming its campuses into testing grounds for innovative sustainable mobility projects. This is one of the strands of the sustainable mobility policy recently approved by the

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Governing Council. The over-arching strategy is a focus on low-impact, equitable, safe and efficient mobility, based on participation, innovation and user satisfaction.

Most significant results With the addition of these two RLLs, a total of 11 pilot projects have now been created at the Energy Campus since the programme was launched. The solar ponds installed in Granada and Martorell have considerably reduced Solvay's diesel consumption and CO2 emissions.

In the area of sustainable mobility, in July 2015 the Committee on Sustainable Mobility and Universal Accessibility at the Mediterranean Technology Park organised a conference on the creation of a more user-friendly and sustainable campus. Committee members discussed actions to improve mobility, accessibility and university life in general as part of shared vision of a more sustainable future. Similarly, various research groups and members of the Energy Campus consortium are preparing a Research and Innovation Smart Specialisation Strategy in sustainable mobility.

Finally, one of the most successful RLLs, the LOW3 sustainable housing project, hosted an innovation seminar for students from eight countries enrolled in the KIC InnoEnergy international master's degree in Renewable Energy (RENE). The title of the seminar, “Holistic sustainability approach to innovation”, reflects a cross-disciplinary approach to renewable energies, aimed at creating buildings with minimal energy consumption. As part of Barcelona Energy Week, a day-long seminar on holistic innovation for sustainability was offered to nine students from the post-master programme Sustainable Energy for Buildings and Cities at TU/e Eindhoven.

List of Research Living Labs (RLL) projects - Energy Campus:

Project #1 Pilot plant for R&D into fuel cells on the Diagonal Besòs Campus

Project #2 Pilot plant for biofuel and biomass energy generation in Castelldefels

Project #3 Pilot plant for urban-scale photovoltaic energy systems on the Terrassa Campus

Project #4 Pilot plant for R&D into bioclimatic architecture on the Terrassa Campus

Project #5 Pilot plant for R&D into LOW3 sustainable housing on the Sant Cugat Campus

Project #6 Extension of the SIRENA energy management project on all UPC campuses

Project #7 Reduction of energy consumption through ICT server virtualisation on the North Campus

Project #8 Measurement of the energy consumption of mobile devices on the Terrassa Campus

Project #9 Renewable hybrid system to harness solar, photovoltaic and micro-wind energy

Project #10 Solar pond system for capturing, storing and transferring solar energy (Solar Pond)

Project #11 Innovation laboratory on sustainable mobility

Use of resources The work of the RLLs is carried out with the support of teaching and research staff from the Campus's various research groups and the assistance of other consortium members. In certain cases, funding is provided through the EU's Seventh Framework Programme for Research and Technological Development, the KIC InnoEnergy project, and the INNPLANTA programme.

Conclusions for Area B

The two strategic objectives for this area have been achieved through a wide range of actions, some of which have departed from the initial plans defined in 2010 as the project has developed, as explained in the progress reports.

Scientific improvement in energy reflects increased interest and more extensive activity in this field and can be seen in the rise in EU project participation and the broader catalogue of bachelor's degrees, master's degrees and doctoral programmes, described in Area A. To harness the results of this activity

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more effectively, new funding mechanisms have been designed to generate intellectual property and spin-off companies, and the results to date are encouraging. KIC InnoEnergy innovation funds have provided ideal support for Energy Campus researchers, bringing together actions in areas A and B.

Thanks to this increase in activity, the University has also become a partner in the European Energy Research Alliance (EERA), a group of leading European public research centres and universities and one of the leading forces in the European Union's Strategic Energy Technology Plan (SET Plan). This new partnership has given Energy Campus research the opportunity to work more closely with other European groups in the areas defined for the joint programmes overseen by the EERA.

Finally, the Living Research Lab methodology has grown in influence as the Energy Campus programme has developed, expanding from a small number of preliminary projects to a larger body of 11 fully established initiatives, with plans to increase this number further in the immediate future.

Energy Campus: Innovation laboratory on sustainable mobility

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Table 1: FP7 & H2020 projects - UPC as a partner or coordinator

Project name Coordinator From/to Total cost EU

contribution FP7 /

H2020 Objectives

EPHOCELL. Smart light collecting system for the

efficiency enhancement of solar cells

LEITAT 2009-2013 3.418.683€ 2.500.293€ ENERGY

The main goal is the study of the various intra and intermolecular energy transfers with the aims to modify the solar spectrum by

means of an adequate molecular system. This will permit to improve the similitude between the solar radiation and the

absorbance of the PV materials.

NANOPHOTONICS4ENERGY. Nanophotonics for Energy

Efficiency ICFO 2010-2013 3.345.607€ 2.900.000€ ICT

The Nano-photonics for Energy Efficiency proposal aims to create a virtual centre of excellence to re-orient and focus nano-photonics research towards the challenges in energy efficient applications.

All4Green. Active collaboration in data centre ecosystem to reduce energy

consumption and GHG emissions

GFI Informática

SA 2011-2014 4.424.064€ 2.988.000€ ICT

All4Green broadens the scope of energy savings to the full ecosystem in which data centres operate. The novel approach

proposed by All4Green specifically fosters collaboration between all entities in this ecosystem with the common goal of saving

energy.

GREENET. An early stage training network in enabling

technologies for GREEN radio

UPC 2011-2014 4.230.443€ 4.230.443€ PEOPLE

Current 4G vision envisages higher data rates and multi standard radio interfaces to provide all users with a continuous seamless connection. The large number of foreseen devices coupled with the surge in power requirements for future emerging handsets

raises significant challenges in terms of reducing the energy consumption.

EUROENERGEST. Increase of Automotive car industry

competitiveness through an integral and artificial

intelligence driven energy management System

ENERTIKA 2011-2014 3.435.276€ 2.594.960€ ICT

The project aims is to reduce 10% of energy consumption in a specific areas of the automotive industry, such as HVAC. For

achieving this goal, an Intelligent Energy Management Systems (iEMS) will be developed. iEMS will be able to interact with

industrial loads and available power sources with the objective of optimizing the demanded power and costs, as well as maximizing

local and low-carbon energy sources (photovoltaic and CHP).

SEAM4US. Sustainable Energy mAnageMent for

Underground Stations

COFELY ITALIA SPA

2011-2014 4.153.587€ 2.877.287€ NMP

Underground transportation systems are big energy consumers and have significant impacts on energy consumption at a regional

scale. 1/3 of the networks' energy is required for operating the subsystems of metro stations and surroundings, such as

ventilation, vertical transportation and lightning.

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COTRAPHEN. Coupled Ion- and Volume-Transfer

Phenomena in Heterogeneous Systems

UPC 2011-2015 256.900€ 256.900€ PEOPLE

The purpose of the project is to facilitate the knowledge transfer between them to make possible further development and

integration of these elements into a self-consistent and comprehensive model.

NEWCOM#. Network of Excellence in Wireless

COMmunications CNIT 2012-2015 5.550.980€ 2.845.999€ ICT

NoE to pursue long-term, interdisciplinary research on the most advanced aspects of wireless communications like Finding the

Ultimate Limits of Communication Networks, Opportunistic and Cooperative Communications & Energy- and Bandwidth-Efficient

Communications and Networking.

FLEXICAST. Robust, and FLEXible CAST iron

manufacturing UPC 2012-2016 9.249.664€ 5.700.000€ NMP

FLEXICAST project presents knowledge-based technologies that aim to follow the way to transform the conventional (batch-by-

batch) foundry process into a flexible (mold-by-mold) process. Cast iron manufacturing cell represents 30% energy reduction in

comparison with conventional melting systems.

MAGHRENOV. Convergence between EU and MAGHREB MPC innovation systems in

the field of Renewable Energy and Energy Efficiency

KIC InnoEnergy

2013-2016 1.076.329,2€ 994.440€ INCO

MAGHRENOV aims to support innovation in the Renewable Energy & Energy Efficiency (RE&EE) sector in the Mediterranean basin.

The Consortium brings together partners from Europe and MAGHREB countries, whose shared goal is to establish a common

Euro-Mediterranean innovation space.

HERCULES. High Efficiency Rear contact solar Cells and

Ultra powerful moduLES CEA 2013-2016 10.263.640€ 7.000.000€ ENERGY

The concept proposed by the HERCULES project is to develop innovative n-type monocrystalline c-Si device structures based on

back-contact solar cells with alternative junction formation, as well as related structures including hybrid concepts (homo-

heterojunction).

RESSEEPE. REtrofitting Solutions and Services for

the enhancement of Energy Efficiency in Public

Edification

IESVE 2013-2017 13.686.932€ 8.800.000€ NMP

RESEEPE will bring together design and decision making tools, innovative building fabric manufacturers and a strong

demonstration program to demonstrate the improved building performance through retrofitting. The core idea of the RESSEEPE

project is to technically advance, adapt, demonstrate and assess a number of innovative retrofit technologies. Reductions in the area

of 50% will be achieved.

ZeEUS. Zero Emission bUs Systems

UITP 2013-2017 22.215.612,96€ 13.490.499€ TRANSPORT ZeEUS project focus on the today's challenge in the electrification

of bus system, the extension of the fully-electric solution to a wider part of the urban network.

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CHANDA. Solving CHAllenges in Nuclear DAta

CIEMAT 2013-2017 9.327.166€ 5.400.000€ FISSION The CHANDA project main objective is to address the challenges in

the field of nuclear data for nuclear applications.

MEDOW. Multi-terminal DC grid for offshore wind

CARDIFF UNIVERSITY

2013-2017 3.925.537€ 3.925.537€ PEOPLE

In this project, DC power flow, DC relaying protection, steady state operation, dynamic stability, fault-ride through capability, and

impacts of DC grids on the operation of AC grids and power market will be studied.

HYPERBOLE. HYdropower plants PERformance and

flexiBle Operation towards Lean integration of new

renewable Energies

EPFL 2013-2017 6.232.785€ 4.325.542€ ENERGY The overarching objective of the project is the enhanced

hydropower plant value by extending the flexibility of its operating range, while also improving its long-term availability.

SmartRuralGrid. Smart ICT-enabled Rural Grid innovating resilient

electricity distribution infrastructures, services and

business models

ESTABANELL & PAHISA

ENERGIA SA 2014-2017 4.944.690€ 3.239.539€ ICT

Smart Rural Grid aims to develop the smart rural grid and explore the best ways to make the transition from the current rural

distribution networks to the new using novel smart grid technologies and associated business concepts. The project will

reconsider rural network distribution architectures that are currently used and introduce, combine and test an entirely new

concept that we have named the Smart Rural Grid.

ENREMILK. Integrated engineering approach

validating reduced water and energy consumption in milk processing for wider

food supply chain replication

Fraunhofer 2014-2017 7.202.424€ 5.335.615€ KBBE EnReMilk will achieve significant water and energy savings in

representative dairy case studies, mozzarella and milk powder production, across the supply chain.

EnerGAware. Energy Game for Awareness of energy

efficiency in social housing communities

UPC 2015-2018 1.963.225€ 1.963.225€ ENERGY

The overall objective of the EnerGAware project is to reduce energy consumption and emissions between 15-30% in a sample

of European social housing by changing the energy efficiency behaviour of the social tenants through the implementation of a

serious game linked to the real energy use of the participants’ homes.

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SecureChain. Securing future-proof

environmentally compatible bioenergy chains

Wald Zentrum

2015-2018 1.809.586€ 1.809.586€ LCE

SecureChain promotes a Sustainable Supply Chain Management (SSCM) that meets highest environmental quality standards and targets local biomass suppliers, energy producers and financial sector players to mobilise more biomass, maximise the share of

sustainable bioenergy in the final energy consumption, and reduce the transaction costs.

EMPOWER. Local Electricity retail Markets for Prosumer smart grid pOWER services

Schneider 2015-2018 6.120.486€ 4.429.808€ LCE

The aim is to explore and develop an integrated ICT solution to support the development of an electricity local market place and

innovative business models, including operational methods to encourage micro-generation with renewable resources and

participation of consumers and prosumers.

RED-Heat-to-Power. Conversion of Low Grade Heat to Power through

closed loop Reverse Electro-Dialysis

WIP 2015-2019 4.130.272€ 3.992.402€ LCE The concept is based on the generation of electricity from salinity

gradient using Reverse Electrodialysis with artificial saline solutions operating in a closed-loop.

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Table 2: FP7 & H2020 projects of the affiliated entities

Project name Coordinator From/to Total cost EU

contribution FP7 /

H2020 Objectives

GRAIN (CIMNE). GReener Aeronautics International

Networking CIMNE 2010-2012 521.301€ 427.392€ TRANSPORT

GRAIN Supported Action, based on the same collaborative and win-win spirit introduced in former EU-China Aerochina projects will provide inputs and roadmaps for the development of large scale

simulation strategies for greener technologies to meet future requirements on emissions, fuel consumption and noise and green

materials.

FIRST NUCLEIDS (CTM). Fast / Instant Release of Safety

Relevant Radionuclides from Spent Nuclear Fuel

KIT 2012-2014 4.741.261€ 2.494.513€ FISSION The overall objective of this project is to provide for improved

understanding of the fast / instantly released radionuclides from disposed high burn-up UO2 spent nuclear fuel.

STRAIGHTSOL (CENIT). STRAtegies and measures for

smarter urban freIGHT SOLutions

TOI 2011-2014 4.106.731,8€ 2.876.086€ TRANSPORT

EU-funded project comprising 7 innovative cutting edge urban freight demonstrations. Demonstration A: DHL Supply Chain's

Urban Consolidation Centre in l'Hospitalet de Llobregat aimed at reducing the energy consumption from the existing 847,853 (GJ).

SEMANCO (CIMNE). Semantic Tools for Carbon

Reduction in Urban Planning CIMNE 2011-2014 3.833.859€ 2.732.998€ ICT

The technological approach of SEMANCO is based on the integration of energy related open data structured according to standards, semantically modeled and interoperable with a set of

tools for visualizing, simulating and analyzing the multiple interrelationships between factors determining CO2 production.

MONT-BLANC (BSC). Mont-Blanc, European scalable and power efficient HPC platform

based on low-power embedded technology

BSC 2011-2014 14.463.971€ 8.110.000€ ICT

The Mont-Blanc project has three objectives: to develop a fully functional energy-efficient HPC prototype using low-power

commercially available embedded technology; to design a next-generation HPC system together with a range of embedded

technologies in order to overcome the limitations identified in the prototype system; to develop a portfolio of exascale applications to

be run on this new generation of HPC systems.

INDUCIS (IREC). Development and industrial

implementation of cost effective advanced CIGS

photovoltaic technologies

IREC 2011-2015 794.00 € 794.000€ PEOPLE

The project aims exploiting the potential of CIGS based cells for achieving high efficiency devices together with that of electro-

deposition (ED) based processes for the low cost industrial implementation of PV technologies.

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PARADIME (BSC). Parallel Distributed Infrastructure for

Minimization of Energy BSC 2012-2015 3.235.707€ 2.499.998€ ICT

The objective of ParaDIME is to attack the power-wall problem by radical software-hardware techniques that are driven by future

circuit and device characteristics on one side, and by a programming model based on message passing on the other side.

SODALES (i2CAT). SOftware-Defined Access using Low-

Energy Subsystems i2CAT 2012-2015 2.801.086€ 1.989.000€ ICT

SODALES project aims to develop a novel wireless access interconnection service that offers transparent transport services for fixed and mobile services. This will be achieved by developing

an Active Remote Node (ARN) that will offer switching and multiplexing features together with radio, wavelength conversion

and legacy systems compatibly.

COPA-GT (BSC). Coupled Parallel Simulation of Gas

Turbines CERFACS 2012-2015 4.206.367€ 4.206.367€ PEOPLE

COPA-GT has been structured to provide training of a multi-disciplinary and intersectorial nature for young Fellows in Europe in

the field of propulsion and electric power generation systems.

SCALENANO (IREC). Development and scale-up of

nanostructured based materials and processes for

low cost high efficiency chalcogenide based PV

IREC 2012-2015 10.228.772€ 7.541.468€ NMP

This project will exploit the potential of chalcogenide based thin film PV tech for the development and scale-up of new processes

based on nanostructured materials for the production of high efficiency and low cost PV devices and modules compatible with

mass production requirements. Cu(In,Ga)(S,Se)2 (CIGS) chalcogenide based devices have the highest efficiency of all thin film PV tech, having recently achieved a record value of 20.3% at

cell level.

PUMA MIND (IRI). Physical bottom up multiscale

modelling for automotive PEMFC innovative

performance and durability optimization

CEA 2012-2015 4.092.629,69€ 2.294.106€ JTI

PUMA MIND is an international R&D project that aims to advance the state of knowledge in designing new tools for Proton Exchange

Membrane Fuel Cells (PEMFCs). PEMFCs are complex nonlinear systems and the project derives power mathematical models in

order to improve their durability, efficiency and to reduce the cost and development time.

NANOMATCELL (ICFO). Novel Environmentally

friendly solution processed nano materials for pan

chromatic solar cells

ICFO 2013-2015 3.545.958€ 2.722.101€ ENERGY

Dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC) is the leading technology of third-generation solution-processed solar cells with reported efficiencies in excess of 10%. However despite the huge efforts in the last two

decades saturation effects are observed in their performance. Efforts so far have been concentrated towards engineering and fine-tuning of the dyes, the electrolytes and the interface of the dye to the electron acceptor, employing titania as the electron

acceptor.

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KESTCELLS (IREC). Training for sustainable low cost PV technologies: development of kesterite based efficient

solar cells

IREC 2012-2016 3.705.320€ 3.705.320€ PEOPLE

Creation of an ITN network for the structured interdisciplinary training of researchers in advanced thin film PV tech. The project proposes the development of new tech compatible with the cost, efficiency; sustainability and mass production requirements that

are needed to become a reliable and future alternative to conventional non renewable energy sources. (The project will focus

on the development of kesterite based solar cells).

RenewIT (BSC+IREC). Advanced concepts and tools for renewable energy supply

of IT Data Centres

IREC 2013-2016 3.582.800€ 2.508.000€ SMART CITIES

The main objective of the RenewIT is to develop a simulation tool to evaluate the energy performance of different technical solution

integrating RES in several European climate regions. The public RenewIT tool will be implemented in a user-friendly web interface helping actors from both the energy and IT sectors to reduce the

carbon footprint of planned DCs in the horizon of 2030.

HI-LED (IREC). Human-centric Intelligent LED engines for

the take up of SSL in Europe IREC 2013-2016 4.630.310€ 3.500.000€ ICT

The project aims overall to foster lighting systems, which can communicate through intelligent protocols and interact with humans in real time, while proving cost-effective solutions.

SOLPROCEL (ICFO). Solution Processed High Performance

Transparent Organic Photovoltaic Cells

ICFO 2013-2016 3.771.798€ 2.860.434€ NMP

The quantifiable goal of SOLPROCEL is to obtain the materials needed for fully solution-processed high performance transparent OPV cells and to raise the efficiency of such cells from 5.6% to 9%. This later value corresponding to 80% of the 12% efficiency of the

corresponding opaque cell.

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C) TRANSFORMATION OF THE CAMPUS The main objective of this area, and one of the key aims of the ICE programme itself, is the transformation of the Campus, both as an urban and architectural space and as a socially dynamic environment that interacts with its surroundings. The importance given to this strand of the Energy Campus project is reflected in the focus of strategic objective SO5: Consolidating social responsibility and accountability, and the actions defined thereunder, which aim to make real contributions to the economic and social sustainability of the region, through a particular focus on entrepreneurship.

As for the previous areas, this introduction describes some of the most noteworthy actions that provide an illustration of the work carried out.

The advanced stage of building work for the new Energy Campus is a source of particular pride, with the structures of the three main buildings now complete. Initial problems with foundation waterproofing have been solved through the application of innovative engineering solutions, and work is now progressing normally. The entire underground structure is in place, forming the base of three teaching and research buildings with a specialist focus on energy. The transfer of research staff from the UPC and other institutions such as the IREC will begin in January 2016, and the first bachelor's and master's degree classes will be taught in September of the same year.

As part of ongoing work to improve campus infrastructure, classrooms and laboratories have been refurbished to increase energy efficiency. While these guidelines were implemented from the outset of construction work on the new campus, additional spending on refurbishment has been required on other sites due to the age of the building stock. These changes form part of a comprehensive energy optimisation plan at the UPC that, alongside awareness initiatives carried out with the university community, has lowered total energy consumption by 27% over the last four years.

Finally, in the area of awareness and education programmes, important work has been carried out with the Barcelona FP Foundation to promote entrepreneurship and raise awareness of energy issues at vocational training centres across the Barcelona metropolitan area, and the Summer Science Campuses initiative has continued to be a success.

In the original conversion report, this area was broken down into the following actions:

Awareness campaigns on energy efficiency Support for educational programmes on energy Energy efficiency of buildings, classrooms and laboratories Completion of building work on the Energy Campus: Diagonal Besòs Campus

Awareness campaigns on energy efficiency

Progress towards the objectives for each core area The Energy Campus and the UPC understand the effort that will be required to raise awareness among the university community and in wider society of the changes that must be made in order to save energy and increase efficiency. A diverse range of activities have been carried out in pursuit of this objective:

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- Installation of charging points for electric vehicles in the North Campus car park, through collaboration with the components firm Simon as part of an experimental project on electrical charging.

- Implementation of CampusLab, an initiative in which UPC students can complete their bachelor's theses within the framework of energy saving projects focused on energy efficiency, self-sufficiency or clean energy.

- The organisation of more sessions for the Energy Optimisation Project (POE), the fourth edition of which was supported by the Catalan Office for Climate Change, which presented its Voluntary Agreements Programme and examples of successful efforts to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, as well as two key initiatives to publicise the work of organisations actively seeking to reduce their own emissions through energy saving and energy efficiency projects.

- Participation of the Energy Campus's sustainable management staff in international conferences, including Éco-Campus2, organised by the University of Nantes (European Green Capital 2013). At the event, representatives showcased "Experiences de l'UPC. Le long chemin vers des campus durables", which presents a practical example of collaborative energy saving initiatives on UPC campuses, such as the POEs carried out within the Energy Campus framework.

- Development of the NECADA software by Energy Campus researchers. NECADA is a cloud-based solution that the researchers hope will become an indispensable tool in building design and construction, allowing building professionals to simulate various materials, construction systems and active systems to create sustainable designs with optimised energy demands.

NECADA software

Most significant results The UPC has reduced the energy consumption of its campus buildings by 27% over four years. This exceeds the target of 25% for 2014 set in the University's energy saving plan. In 2011, the UPC announced an energy saving plan to reduce energy consumption across its sites by 25%, designed to boost the financial and environmental sustainability of the institution. As the final results show, the initial target has been exceeded, with total consumption falling by 27% over the period 2011-2014.

The considerable savings have been made possible by a series of changes in the use and management of UPC buildings, involving the entire university community. In the period covered by the plan, total savings of 20% of electricity consumption and 40% of gas consumption were achieved, with the initial figure of 53.8 falling to 39.1 GWh. The accumulated saving over this period was 41.2 GWh, which is equivalent to a full year's energy consumption.

In financial terms, despite the rise in average energy costs, the plan has successfully stabilised energy costs at approximately €5m. The UPC now saves more than €1m on its annual energy costs. This is a significant amount, as the annual energy bill averages around €5.5m.

The savings are thanks in no small part to DEXCell Energy Manager 3.2, provided by the energy management software provider DEXMA. The cloud-based energy management solution is an innovative technology platform for determining and validating energy costs and savings. The system is called SIRENA, taken from the Spanish for Information System on Consumption of Energy Resources and Water.

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Use of resources The progress achieved in this area reflects the work and efforts of the team behind the UPC's Resources and Services for Sustainable Management unit, and the participation of the entire university community (managers, researchers and students). Important contributions were also made by companies in the Energy Campus consortium, such as Simon and DEXMA.

Support for educational programmes on energy

Progress towards the objectives for each core area The Energy Campus has continued its involvement in educational programmes for learners of different ages: secondary education, upper secondary education, official vocational training and university education. During the most recent reporting period it has formed part of the jury for the fifth and sixth editions of the FPEmprèn entrepreneurship awards, worked with various UPC schools and services on the Premi UPC and Emprèn UPC awards, organised workshops at the Natural Resources Exploratorium in Berga, and organised the 2013, 2014 and 2015 Summer Science Campuses.

Most significant results

Summer Science Camp – Energy Campus

The UPC and Rovira i Virgili University (URV) are the only two Catalan universities to have taken part in the last edition of the Summer Science Campuses (CCV). Campuses are held at Spanish universities with ICE status and are intended to foster an interest in science, technology and innovation among final-year secondary students and first-year upper secondary students. Workshops organised by the Energy Campus include "Development of an electric vehicle" and "Understanding wind power and photovoltaic systems”.

The Energy Campus is represented on the jury of the FPEmprèn awards and sponsors a special prize for energy projects that apply innovative efficiency and effectiveness criteria. Winning projects in the Energy Campus category include Liberum Energy, a solar sunshade that generates renewable electrical energy to charge smartphones and tablets, intended for the hospitality industry and private users, and TransGlobalNet, a freight exchange service that ensures efficient management of available freight routes, helping to reduce energy consumption.

Moving to initiatives organised by the University itself, the jury for the Emprèn UPC awards gave a special acknowledgement in the renewable energy category to the “Waste Heat Smartly” project, which consists of a thermoacoustic engine for recovering the heat emitted by combustion gases in a standard vehicle internal combustion engine and harnessing it to generate the energy needed to power the vehicle's electrical components; and ZOE, a project to create a smart socket that transmits information about domestic energy consumption, as a means of identifying new efficiency measures.

In the UPC Awards, the prize for best higher training cycle project went to “Sustainable automation of the container loading procedure in the Port of Barcelona”, which describes a photovoltaic energy system for enhancing and automating container loading and unloading; and the shortlisted project in the upper secondary school category, "Design and assembly of an electric scooter, an ecological

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transport alternative", which outlines the construction of an electric scooter from recycled materials and examines the viability of a rental network.

Finally, the annual agenda of the Natural Resources Exploratorium (ERN) in Berga continues to include occasional energy-related courses or workshops for secondary education students and teachers, science and environment professionals, and nature lovers in general.

Use of resources The Science Summer Campuses are organised by the Spanish Foundation for Science and Technology (FECyT) and the Ministry of Education, Culture and Sport, with the support of the "la Caixa" Foundation. The FPEmprèn awards are organised by the BCN FP Foundation in association with Barcelona Activa and the Barcelona Education Consortium. The ERN is an initiative of the Barcelona Knowledge Campus, backed by the Manresa School of Engineering (EPSEM) with the support of the "laCaixa" Foundation and Berga Town Council. The Emprèn UPC entrepreneurship awards are sponsored by the consortium members KIC InnoEnergy and Solvay, and the Premi UPC awards are organised in association with the UPC-Endesa Red Chair, UPCNet, the ERN, the "la Caixa" Foundation, the Spanish government's "Science in Action" initiative, and the UNESCO Sustainability Chair.

Award-winning students of FPEmprèn 2015

Energy efficiency of buildings, classrooms and laboratories

Progress towards the objectives for each core area In the latest project phase, the Energy Campus has retained its core focus on energy efficiency and energy saving, both in the refurbishment of existing facilities and in the construction of a new generation of sustainable buildings.

Most significant results The new building housing the UPC-affiliated Igualada School of Engineering (EEI) was opened in 2014 and holds a Class A energy efficiency rating. The School therefore has a dual role, as a pioneering teaching centre for Industrial Scheduling Engineering, Chemical Engineering and Leather Engineering, and as a showcase for the effective synergy of architecture and energy efficiency in public infrastructure.

The new Escola d’Enginyeria d’Igualada

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During the summer of 2014, major refurbishments were carried out in the basement areas of the Barcelona School of Industrial Engineering (ETSEIB), which celebrated its 50th anniversary in November of the same year. The overarching priority was to improve energy efficiency: a large skylight was installed to add to the natural light entering the building through the existing glass openings; a lighting system consisting of high-performance spotlights with fluorescent bulbs and electrical ballasts was installed; motion detectors were installed to ensure that lighting is only switched on when the areas are in use; an automatic dimming system was fitted to regulate intensity according to the amount of natural light throughout the day; self-regulating heat recovery systems have been installed to circulate and recycle air, reducing HVAC costs; spaces are heated and cooled automatically by a dual thermostat limited to 21 ºC for heating and 26 ºC for cooling, enabling the system to remain idle between these values or when the spaces are not in use; these improvements are further supported by a remotely controlled system of current probes and power network analysers.

Through an agreement between the Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB) and the UPC, in June 2015 a pilot dish Stirling power generation system was installed on the roof the building as part of wider efforts to develop renewable energy technologies. The agreement was signed within the framework of the European project DIDSOLIT-PB, which is coordinated by the UAB. For the UPC, the CITCEA group will take charge of monitoring and assessing the performance of the solar collector. The system consists of a solar dish with a small free piston Stirling engine. According to the manufacturer, Innova, the Trinum model uses a cogeneration system to provide an average annual efficiency of 55.2% (13.8% electricity, 41.4% heating).

In 2014, the Gaia building on the Terrassa Campus was used by the SEER group as a testing site for a photovoltaic energy system. According to data from SIRENA, the new system reduced energy consumption over the year by 18.8% relative to 2013. In financial terms, this represents a saving of 325-350 euros per month (based on figures for April in each year). The photovoltaic system provides close to 10% of the Gaia building's energy demand, and the surplus is used to save on the energy costs of the TR11, TR12 and TR13 buildings, which are connected to the same transformer. This is the first fully operational installation of its type to be used at the UPC and has made a significant contribution not only to enhancing the image of the Energy Campus but also to complying with the new energy efficiency criteria and laying the foundations for new initiatives.

PV plant installed of the rooftop of GAIA building

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Use of resources The building that houses the Igualada School of Engineering has a floor area of 5,836 m2 and took nine months to complete (work began in December 2013), at a total cost of €5m. Funding was provided in equal amounts by Igualada City Council and the Government of Catalonia.

Refurbishment work at the ETSEIB was coordinated by the Infrastructure Service, with support from the School's maintenance service. The full cost of €190,000 was covered by the Catalan government's university investment plan.

Solar Dish Stirling

Finally, installation of the dish Stirling energy generation system was carried out as part of a European project funded under the ENPI CBC Med Mediterranean Sea Basin Programme, which promotes multilateral cross-border cooperation in the region. The photovoltaic system installed in the Gaia building was one of a series of actions funded through the EC sub-programme of scientific and technological actions in science and technology parks (INNPLANTA).

Completion of building work on the Energy Campus: Diagonal Besòs Campus

Progress towards the objectives for each core area Building work is nearing completion for the three buildings—A, C and I—that make up the first construction phase of the future Energy Campus, on the Campus Diagonal-Besòs. Building A is the largest on the site and will be used for teaching, research and Campus services. Buildings C and I will be used exclusively for basic and applied research, with the facilities of building C set to have a particular impact on research in the field of energy. In addition, the Catalan Institute for Energy Research (IREC), a strategic partner in the Energy Campus consortium, will occupy 40% of building C, using its new location to build synergies and to harness the results generated by other institutions on the site and through other projects carried out in the building.

Most significant results One of the key project outcomes is the RIS3 PECT specialisation and competitiveness programme, a collaborative initiative between the municipal council of Sant Adrià de Besòs, the UPC, the IREC, the Besòs municipal consortium, and other third sector stakeholders. The aim of the project is to maximise interaction between stakeholders across the local area as part of a consortium capable of identifying and addressing real issues and needs: flooding along the lower course of the River Besòs and water quality in this area, the high unemployment rate of the local population, early school drop-out rates, industrial activity of little added value, and municipal energy management. The main areas of the project area: energy, future manufacturing, materials and water.

Use of resources Construction of the new campus has been made possible by funding from a variety of official sources. They include the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (formerly the Ministry of Science

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and Innovation), the Government of Catalonia (through the Secretariat for Universities and Research), the Barcelona Provincial Council, and the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF).

Conclusions for Area C

In Area C, the objectives for the transformation of the Campus set out in the ICE conversion plan have been met, with some alterations made over the five years of operation to account for wider developments outside the Campus. This area encompasses a group of actions linked to awareness-raising and education and a second group of investment and infrastructure actions.

In the first area, renewed efforts have been made to organise awareness activities with other education centres across a range of age groups and learning types. Success has also been achieved in the implementation of energy saving plans, thanks to the support of teaching and research staff, administrative and service staff and Campus students, and the UPC's Energy Optimisation Projects initiative has been exported to other institutions, where it has proved highly successful against a backdrop of significant budget cuts.

In the second area, work has focused primarily on completing the new Diagonal Besòs Campus, which has suffered delays but is scheduled to be operational for the 2016-2017 academic year; refurbishing classrooms and laboratories to meet new energy efficiency standards; and constructing Class A-rated energy efficient buildings.

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D) INTERACTION WITH THE BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT & LOCAL AREA The main goal of the Energy Campus in this area is to strengthen ties with the business sector, building an effective and mutually beneficial relationship and ensuring that professional profiles and company requirements are compatible with evolving social demands (SO3).

As for the previous areas, this introduction describes some of the most noteworthy actions that provide an illustration of the work carried out:

In June 2013, the "Pacte + Indùstria" work group, formed by representatives of the UPC, trade unions, employer associations and professional associations, published its final strategy report. The document contains 135 measures to be integrated into industrial policy, many of them drafted by the Energy Committee, in which Energy Campus representatives have played an important role.

In November 2014, the ETSEIB presented the study "Emerging economic sectors and vocational training in the Barcelona metropolitan area: Energy sector”, which examines the compatibility of vocational training curricula in the Barcelona area with current training requirements for employment in the energy sector. Several members of the Energy Campus community were involved in the study.

The UPC has been named as an “Ambassador” of the IoT Solutions World Congress Barcelona 2015, which aims to be the world's leading industry event dedicated exclusively to the implementation of the Internet of Things. Energy is one of the event's main target sectors, as IoT technology can potentially be used to make fine adjustments to the energy consumption of any domestic or industrial device.

The University has backed the creation of a joint internal-external work group to promote collaborative research, technology solutions and new organisational and management models for the energy transition. The aim is to establish the Energy Campus as the focal point of a large-scale public project to pursue the goals established in the initial ICE plans.

In June 2013, the Corning-ICFO Company Chair, directed by Dr Valerio Pruneri, from the Energy Campus affiliate Institute of Photonic Sciences (ICFO), was set up. The Institute specialises in the applications of photonic sciences to energy efficiency, optical telecommunications, sensors, aerospace technology and quantum cryptography.

Compatibility was sought between the directives and sector-specific projects of the new EU programme of ERDF operating grants for 2014-2020, specifically the RIS3 regional strategies, and the strategic priorities of the Energy Campus, in order to bolster and give continuity to the actions carried out. Energy is one of the seven core specialisations selected in Catalonia, and two specific structures will be used to pursue the objectives of this area: research communities and territorial competitiveness plans (PECT).

The specific actions proposed for this area are the following:

Collaboration with local business and the local area Consolidation of the Energy Observatory Labour market studies focusing on employment figures in the energy sector

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Collaboration with local business and the local area

Progress towards the objectives for each core area The Energy Campus project builds on a long tradition at the UPC of collaborative partnerships with business, government and the local areas around its various sites. During this latest reporting period, a range of economic and social initiatives have been launched with local stakeholders, seeking to bring about improvements in energy management on various levels (architecture, services, smart city technology, etc.).

Plans have also been laid down for future initiatives within the framework of regional development plans developed under the RIS3 smart specialisation programme. In Catalonia, these plans are grouped under the name RIS3CAT and place a particular focus on energy.

Most significant results In April 2015, the main local stakeholders in the Vallès Occidental region (local councils, employer associations, trade unions, chambers of commerce and universities) met at the Terrassa School of Industrial and Aeronautical Engineering (ETSEIAT) to present a series of measures for industrial development in the document “Declaration of the Vallès Occidental on the Second Reindustrialisation. A shared commitment”. The document stems from work carried out over the course of the previous year and reflects a broad regional commitment to industrial development.

Since the Declaration was presented, the roadmap has gradually been rolled out and the five committees have completed the task of setting priorities for the five core areas: infrastructure, mobility and energy; specialisation in territory, clusters and internationalisation; training, innovation and knowledge; land use and industrial parks; and economic development and public administration.

In Rubí, the Smart PAE project, carried out as part of the strategic initiative Rubí Brilla, set up a pilot test in the La Lana industrial park to improve the electricity and telecommunications services offered to local companies, reducing costs and boosting productivity. In the area of energy services, the CITCEA-UPC group has offered energy assessment and audit services to local companies and advised on measures to protect against problems caused by power supply quality issues.

In Barcelona, work on energy is being carried out in a number of fields. In the field of architecture, a major project was carried out in the Torre Baró neighbourhood of Barcelona by a group of students from five schools of architecture in the city (including the UPC’s ETSAB and ETSAV) who are involved in the municipal programme Architectural Prototypes in Barcelona. Their work will lead to the construction of an energy self-sufficient building to house facilities open to local residents and accommodation for students.

Self-sufficient building prototype

In the field of energy management, the current Campus team is planning to offer its services professionally, drawing on its members’ extensive experience of waste reuse, energy saving and municipal power generation. The UPC has been working with local authorities to carry out pilot projects in each of the three fields, and the possible creation of a management body lays the foundations for introducing Power to Gas (P2G) technology, which uses hydrogen for energy storage.

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This strategy has recently been adopted by municipal authorities in some of Europe's major cities under different FP7 projects (GRHYD in France, INGRID in Italy and Energiewende in Germany), targeting the inclusion of hydrogen in the energy mix and the creation of energy self-sufficient cities. If brought to fruition, this would be one of the most exciting projects to emerge from the alliances established by Energy Campus consortium members, both for its international outreach and for its impact on the Campus's reputation as a leading centre of energy research.

In November 2015, ESA BIC Barcelona, the first European Space Agency (ESA) business incubator in Spain, was officially opened on the Baix Llobregat Campus in Castelldefels. Companies based at the facility include Born Positiu, which is developing an intelligent control system for the integration of a micro-generator with multiple energy sources, providing maximum power quality in a way that is as sustainable, economical, and convenient for users as possible.

Born Positiu @ ESA BIC Barcelona

The new EU programme of operating grants comprises several major initiatives, in particular Horizon 2020, the ERDF and European Social Fund (ESF). The initiative is intended to establish a national network of specialisations, requiring regional governments to set priority areas for future actions as part of the Smart Specialisation Strategy in research and innovation (RIS3). Each region has defined its areas of specialisation, and some, including Catalonia, have included energy in their selection, which will help to strengthen and give continuity to the actions of the Energy Campus.

One of the main channels for the coordination and financing of projects under the new ERDF programme for 2014-2020 is the network of RIS3 communities, in which consortia formed by knowledge and research institutions and specialised companies propose three-year initiatives for regional development, sustainability and job creation. Specifically, the Energy Campus forms part of the Energy community, which is led by the Catalan Institute for Energy Research. Other consortium members are also involved, among them the Catalan Energy Efficiency Cluster and the company DEXMA. It is also indirectly involved in the Sustainable Mobility, and Water and Resources communities, which have evident links to the field of energy.

In addition to the network of thematic communities, RIS3 envisions the creation of regional consortia to design and implement specialisation and territorial competitiveness projects (PECT, from the Spanish), which will drive economic and social transformation across Spain. Like the Energy Campus, these projects follow the quadruple helix model. A new PECT RIS3CAT project has also been launched in the area of the Diagonal Besòs Campus, focusing on four areas of specialisation: energy, water, advanced manufacturing and materials.

Use of resources This action draws primarily on the Campus's human resources: the work of professors, students and staff in the innovation, transfer and corporate relations services, and the research carried out by teaching and research staff.

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Consolidation of the Energy Observatory

Progress towards the objectives for each core area The final phase of the Energy Campus project has intensified the work of the Energy Observatory. During the last reporting period a number of local and European studies have been carried out in areas such as employment, pollution, renewable energy and sustainable mobility. Through the UPC's involvement in the KIC InnoEnergy consortium (it coordinates the Iberian node, comprising Spain and Portugal), Energy Campus researchers have contributed to some of these studies on renewable energy. In addition, in recent months more extensive work has been carried out with the CMES group, leading to the creation of a special energy transition work group.

Most significant results A substantial body of studies and reports on various aspects of energy have been produced in the last two years:

Researchers from the Environment Centre Laboratory (LCMA-UPC), in conjunction with the town councils of Constantí, El Morell, Perafort-Puigdelfí and Vilallonga del Camp (in the Tarragona region), have conducted an 18-month study of air quality in the municipalities of Valle del Francolí close to the petrochemical plant.

Several reports on renewable energies have been published within the framework of the KIC InnoEnergy project: “Top 10 Energy Innovators in 100 Energy Priorities”, “Future renewable energy costs: solar-thermal electricity”, “Future renewable energy costs: offshore wind”, and “Future renewable energy costs: onshore wind”, some of which have been contributed to by specialists from the UPC.

Finally, the CITCEA group contributed to the “White Book of Sustainable Mobility in the Early 21st Century”. The document is intended to serve as a guide for urban mobility initiatives and presents a series of measures for constructing more sustainable towns and cities, promoting efficient transport as a means of ensuring healthy communities and thriving business.

Similarly, in the framework of activities overseen by the Energy Observatory, the University has created a work group that will promote the development of new technologies and new organisational and management models for the energy transition; coordinate and lead a major project (under the RIS3 strategy, for example) to drive the energy transition, and use the UPC as a testing ground for this transition. Members of the work group include several important figures in the development of the Energy Campus project, who bring a wealth of experience gained from various Campus actions.

Use of resources The pollution study in Tarragona has been promoted by the Cel-Net platform, with the support of Gepe and La Canonja. The various reports published by KIC InnoEnergy reflect the work of several members of the European consortium funded by the European Institute of Innovation and Technology (EIT), with the support of BVG Associates and Questel Consulting. The White Paper on Sustainable

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Mobility was commissioned by the Catalan Energy Efficiency Cluster (CEEC) and carried out by the Work Group on Efficiency Mobility, which was formed by the companies COMSA, EMTE and GTD Sistemas de Información; the Cerdà Foundation; the Catalan Energy Institute (ICAEN); CITCEA-UPC, and the Catalan Institute for Energy Research (IREC).

Labour market studies focusing on employment figures in the energy sector

Progress towards the objectives for each core area

Thanks to the consortium agreement with the BCN FP Foundation, the Energy Campus coordination managers were able to produce a study on emerging economic sectors and vocational training in the Barcelona metropolitan area. Before the definitive study was published, the focus group methodology was used to analyse the compatibility of course offerings with the skills profiles required in the energy sector.

The group addressed a range of topics, including problems encountered in planning vocational training course catalogues; curricular adaptations required to keep pace with developments in the sector; public policies to address planning deficiencies; and the creation of mechanisms to identify training requirements for sector professionals.

Most significant results Exhaustive fieldwork was conducted to identify and consult with key stakeholders whose activities or sphere of influence give them an informed view on how to approach the objectives of the study. Crucial to its success was extensive collaboration with companies, management associations and planning bodies in the energy sector, and with teaching and management staff at vocational training centres in the Barcelona metropolitan area offering courses related to these professional areas.

Some of the recommendations made in the study are to build high-level agreements between the government and major companies in the sector; to bring about a marked improvement in dialogue and interaction between the government departments involved; to strengthen interaction between companies and teaching centres; to create an incentives plan to encourage companies in the sector to host student placements; to conduct ongoing, systematic reviews of course curricula, to ensure they are suited to the evolving needs of the energy sector; to identify and work with designated representatives at participating training centres, and to ensure that teaching staff have current or previous professional experience in the sector.

Use of resources The publication on vocational training and the energy sector was written by the Vocational Training Observatory of the BNC FP Foundation in conjunction with a work group from the UPC and the organisational development consultancy Formacció, SLP.

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Conclusions for Area D Unlike the previous areas, in this case the aim is to improve the local and international impact of actions targeting the relationships between consortium members. It is an area in which progress is necessarily slow, since relationships must be built and trust established between stakeholders. In this last stage of the Energy Campus project, work towards the annual objectives for the three core areas has begun to bear fruit.

The Energy Observatory has already released several important publications in key areas of Science and Society, such as a UPC impact study of petrochemical activity in neighbouring municipalities. It has also published a joint labour market study with the Barcelona FP Foundation, which contains a series of recommendations that will be of interest to companies, universities and public authorities. Finally, a range of collaborative social initiatives have enabled Campus students and researchers to have a real impact on the surrounding area.

Focus Group Energía

Mention must also be made of the RIS3 regional specialisation strategy, which provides a unique opportunity to launch some of the projects that have been devised since the Energy Campus was set up. The selection of energy as one of the seven core strategy areas for Catalonia over the next seven years provides an opportunity to consolidate existing partnerships—the RIS3 Energy Community includes the main partners in the Energy Campus consortium—and will give continuity to current projects.

47

TABLES

a) Main results achieved 2010-2015

Result no. Area Description Format Date of

achievement

1 Academic improvement / EHEA MSc SELECT – Environomical Pathways for Sustainable

Energy Systems Programme

2010-2011 academic year

2 Academic improvement / EHEA Erasmus Mundus Joint Doctorate in Environomical Pathways

for Sustainable Energy Services (SELECT+) Programme

2012-2013 academic year

3 Academic improvement / EHEA MSc RENE – Renewable Energy Programme 2011-2012

academic year

4 Academic improvement / EHEA MSc EMINE – European Master in Nuclear Energy Programme 2011-2012

academic year

5 Academic improvement / EHEA MSc SENSE – Smart Electrical Networks and Systems Programme 2011-2012

academic year

6 Academic improvement / EHEA Completion of the structural reorganisation of the UPC

Doctoral School Doctoral School

website February 2012

7 Academic improvement / EHEA Creation of the Energy Campus course catalogue Catalogue June 2012

8 Academic improvement / EHEA FPI-UPC grants programme Call for applications May 2012

9 Academic improvement / EHEA Consolidation of international postgraduate course

offerings in energy Website

2012-2013 academic year

10 Academic improvement / EHEA New master's degree in Energy Engineering Programme 2012-2013

academic year

11 Academic improvement / EHEA New master's degree in Geological and Mining Engineering Programme 2012-2013

academic year

48

12 Academic improvement / EHEA New Erasmus Mundus Joint Doctorates Doctoral School

website 2012-2013

academic year

13 Academic improvement / EHEA Coordination of the UPC Doctoral School and the

InnoEnergy PhD School KIC PhD School

website 2012-2013

academic year

14 Academic improvement / EHEA Launch of an Industrial Doctorates programme in

Energy Industrial Doctorates

Plan 2013-2014

academic year

15 Academic improvement / EHEA Implementation of new methodologies for teaching

innovation ICE website

2012-2013 academic year

16 Academic improvement / EHEA Improvement of the University's position in major

international rankings Rankings

Observatory 2014-2015

academic year

17 Academic improvement / EHEA MSc Energy for Smart Cities Programme 2014-2015

academic year

18 Academic improvement / EHEA Participation in the UNI-SET project EUA website 2014-2017

19 Academic improvement / EHEA Portfolio of student projects for international competitions Website 2013-2015

20 Academic improvement / EHEA New master's degree in Architecture: BarcelonaArch

(MBArch) Programme

2015-2016 academic year

21 Academic improvement / EHEA New master's degree in Building Construction Management Programme 2015-2016

academic year

Result no. Area Description Format Date of

achievement

22 Scientific improvement /

transfer Design of the Energy Research Portfolio (research map) Map June 2011

23 Scientific improvement /

transfer Living Research Lab in energy efficiency Website 2011 (current)

24 Scientific improvement /

transfer Living Research Lab in smart energy management Website 2011 (current)

49

25 Scientific improvement /

transfer Living Research Lab in electricity generation Website 2011 (current)

26 Scientific improvement /

transfer Increased activity of TECNIO groups in energy projects CIT website 2011 (current)

27 Scientific improvement /

transfer Promotion of the Campus's portfolio of patents in the field

of energy (Technology Offers) Energy Catalogue 2011 (current)

28 Scientific improvement /

transfer Completion of the GAIA ecosystem GAIA website 2013-2015

29 Scientific improvement /

transfer Increased participation in energy programmes funded under

FP7 CTT website 2013-2015

30 Scientific improvement /

transfer Funding of innovation projects in the framework of the KIC

InnoEnergy KIC website 2013

31 Scientific improvement /

transfer Funding of energy projects via seed funding /

crowdfunding SUMA_UPC 2013-2014

32 Scientific improvement /

transfer Creation of a new research group on green

energy KIC website

2012-2013 academic year

33 Scientific improvement /

transfer Consolidation of the Research Living Labs model RLL website

2012-2013 academic year

34 Scientific improvement /

transfer Coordination of a European energy research project within

the Horizon 2020 framework (EnerGAware) Project 2015-2018

35 Scientific improvement /

transfer Involvement in an international electric vehicle project

(VEUREE) Project 2015

36 Scientific improvement /

transfer Innovation Award from the

EIT for the Neptune project and the EOLOS buoy KIC website 2015

37 Scientific improvement /

transfer Creation and funding of three energy-related spin-offs

TeknoCEA / AQUA.abib / NRG.lab

2014-2015

38 Scientific improvement /

transfer Extension of the portfolio of energy patents (CelBioTech,

Bound4blue, MicroLubGear, etc.) Technology Offers 2014

50

Result no. Area Description Format Date of

achievement

39 Transformation of the Campus Completion of work to adapt classrooms to the energy

efficiency standards of the EHEA Reforms March 2012

40 Transformation of the Campus Energy efficiency certification for the hall of residence Building 2010

41 Transformation of the Campus Construction of the Diagonal Besòs Campus University Campus Ongoing

42 Transformation of the Campus Energy Optimisation Programme (POE) POE website 2012 (current)

43 Transformation of the Campus FPEMPRÈN award in the category "Energy Campus" Rules and

regulations 11 June 2012

44 Transformation of the Campus Pilot programme on entrepreneurial skills in vocational

training Teaching material 4th quarter 2011

45 Transformation of the Campus Visits to "Singular Scientific and Technological Infrastructures" for secondary school teachers

Agenda 4th quarter 2011

46 Transformation of the Campus New work spaces and teaching areas Classrooms 2012-2013

academic year

47 Transformation of the Campus International promotion of Energy Optimisation Projects Introduction 2013 (current)

48 Transformation of the Campus Consolidation of the relationship with the Fundació BCN FP

& broadening of the collaborative partnership Agreement /

Website 2012 (current)

49 Transformation of the Campus Development cooperation in the field of

energy CCD website

2012-2013 academic year

50 Transformation of the Campus New charging points for electric vehicles North Campus /

Terrassa 2014

51 Transformation of the Campus Campus Lab initiative (linking bachelor's theses to R&D

projects) CampusLab

2014-2015 academic year

52 Transformation of the Campus Software to optimise the energy demand of buildings

(NECADA) Software 2014

51

53 Transformation of the Campus Energy Optimisation Project work meetings Sessions 2013-2015

54 Transformation of the Campus Dish Stirling pilot energy generation system Solar device June 2015

55 Transformation of the Campus New energy-efficient classrooms Reform Summer 2014

56 Transformation of the Campus New maximum energy efficiency building Building 2014

Result no. Area Description Format Date of

achievement

57 Interaction with businesses /

local area First companies installed in the GAIA K2M building Parc UPC

First semester 2013

58 Interaction with businesses /

local area First Virtual Alumni Fair Online

First semester 2013

59 Interaction with businesses /

local area New companies integrated into the Energy Campus

consortium Agreement

2012-2013 academic year

60 Interaction with businesses /

local area New collaborative innovation projects Projects

2012-2013 academic year

61 Interaction with businesses /

local area Internationalisation of SMEs Plan Ongoing

62 Interaction with businesses /

local area Consolidation of the Energy Observatory Observatory

2012-2013 academic year

63 Interaction with businesses /

local area Reports produced by members of the Energy Observatory Observatory 2014-2015

64 Interaction with businesses /

local area Study of emerging economic sectors and vocational training

in the Barcelona metropolitan area (energy sector) Document 2014

65 Interaction with businesses /

local area Signature of the Declaration of the Vallès Occidental on the

Second Reindustrialisation Document 2015

52

66 Interaction with businesses /

local area Participation in the project Smart PAE – Rubí Brilla Project 2014 (current)

67 Interaction with businesses /

local area New ESA Business Incubation Centre (BIC) in Barcelona RDIT Facilities 2014

Result no. Area Description Format Date of

achievement

68 Governance Consolidation of governance Website 2012-2013

academic year

69 Governance Creation of committees Website 2012-2013

academic year

70 Governance ICE Management Unit Governing Council

Agreement 2012-2013

academic year

71 Governance New delegate for Energy Governing Council

Agreement Early 2014

53

b) Progress indicators

INDICATOR AREA A Initial

Situation Progress

report 2012 Progress

report 2013 Current

situation %

Progress Target 2015

Number of undergraduate students in the energy field 20.603 24.236 24.007 23.310 93% 25.000

New students enrolled in the bachelor's degree in Energy Engineering _ 62 61 70 108% 65

Students enrolled in the bachelor's degree in Energy Engineering _ 123 127 193 154% 125

Number of undergraduate courses added to the Energy Campus

64 65 65 100% 65

Number of master’s degree students in the energy field 1.059 1.144 941 921 77% 1.200

Master’s degrees included in Energy Campus (1) _ 4 13 17 113% 15

Erasmus Mundus master's degree in Energy _ 1 2 2 100% 2

Professional master's degrees included in the Energy Campus _ 11 13 12 80% 15

Doctoral students in the energy field 1.568 986 1.176 1.060 61% 1.750

Foreign master's degree students in the energy field 49% 53% 50% 55% 100% 55%

Foreign doctoral degree students in the energy field 50% 46% 47% 48% 80% 60%

Students enrolled in KIC InnoEnergy master's degrees _ 25 28 42 105% 40

Achievement of the Erasmus Mundus master's degree in Energy _ _ _ _ _ SI

Erasmus Mundus students in Wind Energy Systems _ _ _ _ _ 15

Doctoral programmes included in the Energy Campus _ 17 24 26 144% 18

Programmes adapted to the EHEA _ 17 24 26 144% 18

Programmes with a quality award _ 8 15 15 150% 10

Erasmus Mundus Joint Doctorate in Energy _ 1 4 4 200% 2

Participants in the Graduate Programme with companies _ _ _ _ _ 15

Achievement of the Joint Doctorate in Wind Energy Systems _ _ _ _ _ SI

54

No. of grants for recruiting and retaining talent in energy (2) _ 20 _ _ 67% 30

No. of enquiries dealt with at the IWP Besòs _ _ _ _ _ 1.000

Learning and research resource centres 85% 95% 100% 100% 100% 100%

(1) Target 2015 has been adjusted in order to include both master programmes: UPC & KIC InnoEnergy (2) The Energy Talent grant programme was launched in 2012

INDICATOR AREA B Initial

Situation Progress

report 2012 Progress

report 2013 Current

situation %

Progress Target 2015

Patents applied for in the energy field 37 39 66 77 171% 45

Patents applied for nationally (2011-2013) - 22 36 41 164% 25

Patents applied for internationally (2011-2013) - 17 30 36 180% 20

National patents generated in the last three years - 98 109 129 129% 100

International patents generated in the last three years - 45 81 93 186% 50

Patents exploited via spin offs (2011-2013) - 1 3 7 140% 5

Patents exploited via other companies (2011-2013) - 6 6 14 140% 10

Patents exploited (licences executed 2011-2013) - 34 32 31 78% 40

Projects funded with seed funding (1) - - 7 - 47% 15

Development of the Energy Observatory portal 25% 25% 75% 85% 85% 100%

Studies carried out by the Observatory - - - 4 80% 5

Concentration of research in 4 axes - - - - - 100%

Current researchers working on energy topics 855 891 945 890 89% 1.000

Number of indexed publications 503 624 652 579 89% 650

Number of indexed publications in the first quartile 284 354 382 340 97% 350

Number of European projects awarded in the energy field (2) 13 14 32 55 157% 35

Number of national projects awarded in the energy field 46 125 99 80 62% 130

55

Income from European projects 2.777.687 3.936.745 3.335.931 4.847.744 121% 4.000.000

Income from national programmes 7.917.145 6.967.586 4.594.791 3.028.708 40% 7.500.000

Pilot programmes in energy generation (Living Lab) - 2 on going 4 on going 5 on going 167% 3

Pilot programmes in energy efficiency (Living Lab) - 2 on going 3 on going 4 on going 200% 2

Pilot programmes in smart energy management (Living Lab) - 2 on going 2 on going 2 on going 100% 2

Income from R&D&i contracts in the CIT UPC energy area - 1.250 686 800 53% 1.500

(1) The seed programme call was launched in 2013 (SUMA initiative) (2) Target 2015 has been adjusted in order to include both programmes: FP7 & KIC InnoEnergy

INDICATOR AREA C Initial

Situation Progress

report 2012 Progress

report 2013 Current

situation %

Progress Target 2015

Construction of the Diagonal Besòs Energy Campus - 10% 30% 60% 120% 50%

Construction of the J Building on the Diagonal Besòs site - 8% 12% 12% 12% 100%

Efficiency seals for new buildings (1) - 1 ND 1 Todos Todos

Efficiency seals for existing buildings (1) - ND ND ND ND ND

Classrooms adapted to the EHEA (ICTs) 100% - - - - -

Classrooms adapted to increase energy efficiency 60% 80% 83% 86% 86% 100%

Schools that have adopted the Low Carbon Economy programme - 3 3 3 20% 15

Awareness raising activities in efficiency and saving 5 8 9 10 100% 10

Reduction in water consumption 85.400 100.941 87.831 85.669 98% 80.000

Reduction in electricity consumption 34.809.738 33.890.189 31.354.841 29.958.213 96% 30.000.000

Reduction in gas consumption 18.947.852 12.403.297 13.753.576 13.282.642 97% 12.000.000

(1) Target 2015 has been adjusted according to Royal Decree 235/2013

56

INDICATOR AREA D Initial

Situation Progress

report 2012 Progress

report 2013 Current

situation %

Progress Target 2015

Number of agreements and licences 2 5 7 6 120% 5

Contracts with companies (R&D Energy groups) 117 138 120 100 69% 145

Transfer agreements (Energy) 52 49 56 36 65% 55

Transfer actions with international companies 12 12 11 30 200% 15

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c) Summary of activities 2010-2015

AREA PERIOD ACTIVITY

AC

AD

EMIC

IMP

RO

VEM

ENT

AN

D

AD

AP

TATI

ON

TO

TH

E EH

EA

December 2010 - June 2012 New international master programmes in energy

December 2010 - June 2012 Finalization of the reorganization of the UPC PhD School

December 2010 - June 2012 Pre and post-doctoral grants programme

December 2010 - June 2012 Creation of the Energy Campus course catalogue

July 2012 - June 2013 Strengthening the international master’s degrees in energy

July 2012 - June 2013 Industrial Doctorate Programme

July 2012 - June 2013 Innovative teaching: Problem-Based Learning (PBL) methodology

July 2013 - June 2015 Consolidation of the international offer of master's degrees in energy

July 2013 - June 2015 PhD School in Energy

July 2013 - June 2015 Student projects on energy-related topics

July 2013 - June 2015 International visibility

SCIE

NTI

FIC

IMP

RO

VEM

ENT

AN

D

KN

OW

LED

GE

TRA

NSF

ER

December 2010 - June 2012 Living Research Lab on electric generation

December 2010 - June 2012 Living Research Lab on energy efficiency

December 2010 - June 2012 Living Research Lab on energy smart management

December 2010 - June 2012 Development of CIT-UPC’s energy area

December 2010 - June 2012 Valorisation programme in the field of energy

July 2012 - June 2013 Research Living Labs

July 2012 - June 2013 Seed funding for energy related projects

July 2012 - June 2013 Research projects funded by the EU’s FP7

July 2012 - June 2013 Innovation projects funded by EIT-KIC InnoEnergy

July 2013 - June 2015 Research projects funded by the EU

July 2013 - June 2015 Projects on emerging technologies

July 2013 - June 2015 KIC InnoEnergy innovation projects

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July 2013 - June 2015 Support for the energy valorisation programme

July 2013 - June 2015 Consolidation of the Research Living Labs

TRA

NSF

OR

MA

TIO

N O

F T

HE

CA

MP

US

December 2010 - June 2012 New building for the university community

December 2010 - June 2012 Efficiency seals for Campus buildings

December 2010 - June 2012 Classrooms adaptation to the EHEA under energy efficiency standards

December 2010 - June 2012 Energy-related educational programmes and dissemination actions

December 2010 - June 2012 Awareness campaign in energy and energy saving

July 2012 - June 2013 Adaptation to the EHEA under energy efficiency standards

July 2012 - June 2013 Construction of the Diagonal Besòs Campus

July 2012 - June 2013 Energy-related educational programmes and dissemination actions

July 2012 - June 2013 Awareness campaign in energy and energy saving

July 2012 - June 2013 Actions of development cooperation in energy issues

July 2013 - June 2015 Awareness campaigns on energy efficiency

July 2013 - June 2015 Support for educational programmes on energy

July 2013 - June 2015 Energy efficiency of buildings, classrooms and laboratories

July 2013 - June 2015 Completion of building work on the Energy Campus: Diagonal Besòs Campus

INTE

RA

CTI

ON

WIT

H

THE

BU

SIN

ESS

ENV

IRO

NM

ENT

AN

D

LOC

AL

AR

EA

July 2012 - June 2013 Incorporation of new members and cohesion of the aggregation

July 2012 - June 2013 Internationalisation plan for SME

July 2012 - June 2013 Development of the GAIA K2M Innovation ecosystem

July 2012 - June 2013 Development of the Energy Observatory

July 2013 - June 2015 Collaboration with local business and the local area

July 2013 - June 2015 Consolidation of the Energy Observatory

July 2013 - June 2015 Labour market studies focusing on employment figures in the energy sector

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d) Employment of resources Financing below refers solely to funding from Energy Campus (Calls: ‘Excelencia’ and ‘Fortalecimiento’ Sub programmes, INNOCAMPUS, complementary actions, etc.).

Area Description Personnel Current

expenditures Investment Total

1ª stage PREPARATION OF THE STRATEGIC VIABILITY PLAN FOR THE

CONVERSION TO INTERNATIONAL CAMPUS OF EXCELLENCE (ICE) 80.077,08€ 9.922,92€ - € 180.000,00€

A ACADEMIC IMPROVEMENT AND ADAPTATION TO THE EHEA 240.000,00€ - € 122.915,00€ 362.915,00€

B SCIENTIFIC IMPROVEMENT AND KNOWLEDGE TRANSFER 6.800,00€ 15.867,00€ 546.053,63€ 568.720,63€

C TRANSFORMATION OF THE CAMPUS 135.303,00€ 56.000,00€ 9.491.331,43€ 9.682.634,43€

D INTERACTION WITH THE BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT AND LOCAL AREA - € - € 100.000,00€ 100.000,00€

TOTAL 462.108,08€ 171.789,92€ 10.260.300,06€ 10.894.270,06€

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III. PROJECT MANAGEMENT The final implementation stage in the International Campus of Excellence (ICE) conversion project has been driven by two factors with considerable reach and impact. Firstly, the deployment of the Smart Specialisation Strategy, RIS3, under which Europe's regional governments have defined their specialisations. Energy is one of Catalonia's specialisations and that will undoubtedly contribute to the longevity of projects arising from the Energy Campus initiative. Setting up a work group that brings together university researchers whose contributions to the field are highly significant and energy-related companies and organisations has provided opportunities for reflection that now guides the Energy Campus and will do so in the near future, together with the roadmap that was outlined in the ministerial project of 2010.

Management consolidation in the KIC InnoEnergy CC Iberia and clear progress in defining the enclave of the Diagonal Besòs Campus as a landmark campus and testing laboratory for energy has required liaising more intensely and efficiently with other stakeholders in the system who drive initiatives from political and research perspectives.

In short, governance has been given continuity by the following means: one, the initial decision-making scheme linked to KIC InnoEnergy and the members of the consortium who also participate in the CC Iberian's board, such as the Catalonia Institute for Energy Research (IREC) and the Energy, Environment and Technology Research Centre (CIEMAT), and two, the Energy Campus management scheme, which includes the b_TEC Foundation in the drive towards building and establishing synergies related to the new Diagonal Besòs Campus, one of the most important complexes in southern Europe for energy-related teaching, research and collaboration with businesses and public authorities.

Consortium management structures and decision-making mechanisms

When the consortium's management and the project's governance were defined, the aim was a proposal that would initially respond to needs in these areas. The structure had to be flexible enough for its implementation to allow efficiency in executing the strategic objectives and activities. A rigid structure that might not exist in a future beyond the call was thought inappropriate, so it had to be able to respond to the strategic objectives beyond the ICE conversion project.

The call led by the Ministry was seen as a real opportunity to promote an area of knowledge in which the Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya was an international benchmark and a driver of local transformation. Therefore, the ICE proposal, which though separate from the University, was understood to be one of its strategic lines, allowed a project with prospects for the future to begin.

In June 2012 (Governing Council Agreement no. 28/2012), the Specific Projects Bureau (GPE) was created and the managements of the ICE "Energy Campus: Energy to Excel" and KIC InnoEnergy merged, with the aim of promoting the energy specialisation as effectively as possible while respecting the idiosyncrasies of each of the projects. The management unit (GPE) currently consists of a team of 10 employees who focus on achieving goals. Their dedication is helping to underline the importance of the energy model as foreseen in the ICE conversion report and to increase the number of teaching, research and transfer projects in this area. For the Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, energy is identified with the International Campus of Excellence; thus, the link from the strategic energy area leads directly to the Energy Campus website.

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The management unit has devoted itself to executing internal and external directives by the Energy Campus's decision-making bodies. External directives came from coordinators with the entities in the consortium and internal directives came from the coordinating university.

The management unit has participated in the meetings of the Executive Committee and has been transferring its deliberations to its day-to-day work. A new governing team at our university, following elections in November 2013, has led to the Executive Committee taking on a more technical role and holding follow-up meetings every two weeks.

Also, in early 2014 a new delegate of the rector for energy issues, who acts as the UPC Strategic Advisor in Energy defined in the report, was appointed.

In December 2013, the process of organising a day of reflection among the university community on a new sustainable energy and social model began. The process culminated in the working session held on 12 June 2014 (New Energy Model), in which more than 100 UPC researchers participated.

One of the conclusions of the day of reflection was the need for structures that could carry out this activity on a continuous basis. Thus, in September 2014 the Work Group for the Transition to a New Sustainable Energy and Social Model (TME'21) was set up. This committee includes renowned UPC researchers such as Antoni Sudrià, Francesc Magrinyà, Jordi Llorca, Jordi Riera, Maria Serra and Carles Riba), the delegate of the rector for Energy, the vice-rector for Research Policy, the technical manager of the Sustainable Management Bureau and the manager of the Energy Campus Management Unit. Several business representatives also participated. The University thus met its aim of setting up a think tank to establish future strategic guidelines for the Energy Campus and for this strategic focus as a university.

The work group has planned its activities and identified processes of convergence and debate on energy-related themes. The first theme is Sustainable Mobility and Energy and the goal is to produce a final report that will be presented by the Rector at a working session due to be held in December 2015. Other issues that are the object of this process of reflection will be renewable energy sources; the configuration and management of energy networks; building construction and energy; sustainable production and service processes; and human food and energy. These subject-specific reports will help to consolidate the Energy Observatory action, details of which are given in other sections of this report.

In addition, as explained in the last report work continues to be done by the UPC Collaborative Project Monitoring Committee following the organisational model of the energy optimisation groups, currently on POE Plus projects, and by the Financing Monitoring Committee of the new Diagonal Besòs Campus, which continues to meet on a monthly basis. In both cases, the initial plans for meeting objectives are being followed. The Collaborative Project Monitoring Committee conceives of the Campus as a laboratory for experimentation and implementation of energy-related projects involving the whole university community (students, professors and administrative staff) following the Campus Lab model. The purpose of the model is to make visible the UPC's actions and capabilities for the rational and intelligent use of energy.

62 Criteria for allocating resources to activities

Since 2010, when the project was awarded the seal of excellence for the ICE conversion project, and throughout its implementation, the criteria for allocating resources to activities have required that the activities be part of the project’s initial objectives and, beyond the call, that they represent sustainable medium- or long-term actions with a high impact.

Balanced prioritising has taken into account teaching and research improvement initiatives that aim to have an international impact, talent recruitment and fundraising competitiveness initiatives, other initiatives of a more social nature and initiatives involving relations with businesses, the production sector and the region.

Funding for the project has included not just the funds initially received from the Ministry of Education but also the contributions made by the University through its multi-annual investment plan and the prioritisation of other funds for these projects. An example is the investment made in classroom buildings on various campuses to maximise energy efficiency.

In addition, the funding received from KIC InnoEnergy calls has allowed innovation projects to proliferate. Without this funding, many of these projects would not have been set up. Every year, KIC InnoEnergy launches calls for innovation, business creation and education projects, among others. University research groups seeking to carry out sustainable energy projects can submit their proposals, as well as companies and other institutions that apply via a partner.

63

In 2014 and 2015 three calls have been made for innovation projects and two for Learning Modules, a type of learning activity aimed at the acquisition of knowledge and practical skills for valorising and promoting products and services resulting from innovation processes. As a rule, the proposals must have passed a preliminary stage consisting of a market analysis of the product or service to be developed. Once this stage has been completed, the projects are considered eligible for funding.

Funds from different sources such as the ERDF, INNOCAMPUS and RIS3 have been necessary to complete the construction of the new Diagonal Besòs Campus.

For the Energy Campus, the fact that the sector is one of the Smart Specialisation Strategy (RIS3) areas represents an opportunity that will enable EU funds from the 2014-2020 operating grants programme to be secured. This will remedy the lack of funding from the Ministry of Education that was to help in the project's culmination.

New partners

New incorporations into the Energy Campus have occurred naturally, propitiated by connections on joint projects and strategic challenges for participating institutions. Because the Campus has striven to visibly participate in international networks, these new incorporations are national and international in origin.

In this regard, the Barcelona City Council has been a partner with whom we have collaborated closely on projects addressing specific issues in sustainability (energy storage, low power of non-urban, 4x4 vehicles, etc.), urban ecology and urbanism (the proposed "super islands" for research).

Also, through the Energy Efficiency Cluster of Catalonia (CEEC) the Campus has come into contact with companies working in the energy sector. The CEEC is a non-profit organisation that aims to promote the field of energy efficiency through collaboration among companies and partners in the fields of technology, research, institutions, industry, information and business. Close cooperation has been established with the CEEC by participating with them in Energy RIS3CAT and the Campus Lab project.

At the end of 2013, contact was established with the Collective for a New Sustainable Energy and Social Model (CMES), a group of professionals from several fields who have come together to tackle concerns regarding the present and future energy crisis linked to the depletion of fossil fuels. Some of the Energy Campus teaching staff are collaborating with this group, as well as with the UPC Work Group for the Transition to a New Sustainable Energy and Social Model. The fulfilment of social responsibility on the Energy Campus and the overlap with the social fabric are made evident in the relationship with this group

Finally, the UPC is actively participating in the European Energy Research Alliance (EERA) and the energy committee of the European Universities Association (EUA). One of the aims in the ICE conversion report was to set up this energy committee. At present, within the framework of the committee the EUA has launched a survey to identify and gather information on research programmes and master's and doctoral degree-level university education in the field of energy. The results of the survey will be used to develop interactive online maps that will give an overview of the European university landscape in the field of energy. An analysis of the data will also provide the knowledge needed to identify gaps and opportunities for multidisciplinary education and research. The EUA will pursue this in a joint effort with its universities, as well as the structuring of information in accordance with the areas identified in

64

the work plan in the Strategic Energy Technology Plan (SET Plan) and internationally agreed classifications in education and training (CINE) and research (UNESCO).

For the Energy Campus, contributing to the EERA network is very important, as the EERA helps to coordinate a massive public research effort to develop cheaper and more efficient low-carbon energy technologies and this is perfectly in line with its own aims. The EERA is the public research pillar of the SET Plan, which aims to accelerate the development and market growth of key low-carbon technologies.

CMES working group session held at Energy Campus

65

IV. THE FUTURE In 2010 the Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya received the Spanish government's seal of excellence for its ICE conversion project, 'Energy Campus: Energy for Excellence'. Since then, the Energy Campus has received the highest rating in successive evaluations by the international supervisory committee for ICE projects, which examines the activities carried out and the milestones reached.

This document sets out the vision and core areas of the Energy Campus project for the coming years. It is the result of thorough reflection on strategy, areas for improvement, and the input of different stakeholders, including the evaluations received from the Ministry of Education, Culture and Sport.

The European Strategic Agenda identifies energy as a key strategy area for 2014-2020, taking a broad view that encompasses energy saving and efficiency throughout the value chain, in pursuit of the following goals:

To build a more energy-efficient Europe by accelerating investment in efficient buildings, products and transport.

To create a pan-European energy market, through the construction of transmission lines, pipelines, LNG terminals and other infrastructure.

To protect consumer rights and ensure high standards of safety and interoperability in the energy sector.

To implement the Strategic Energy Technology Plan to accelerate the development and deployment of low-carbon technologies.

To establish positive relationships with suppliers in major energy-producing countries outside the EU.

In Catalonia, the recently defined National Pact on the Energy Transition lays down a series of actions to be carried out in five core areas:

Guaranteeing the fundamental right to energy, safeguarding consumer rights, and encouraging social participation in the definition of the new energy model.

Guaranteeing a reliable, high-quality energy supply.

Maximising the use of renewable energy sources, with a view to achieving zero reliance on fossil fuels by the year 2050.

Achieving the highest possible levels of energy saving and energy efficiency in the national economy and throughout society.

Promoting research and energy innovation as drivers of efficiency and the creation of business activity.

The Energy Campus shares the strategy, vision and purpose of the European and Catalan policy frameworks, and will use the information it generates and the feedback from external assessments to construct a roadmap for the medium term built around the core areas described below. Most importantly, the aim is not to undo what has proved successful in the past; rather, a new focus is placed on aspects that can bring about general improvements over the coming years:

Increased participation in international research initiatives and strategic international forums.

More extensive deployment of Campus facilities across the region.

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Improved communication and transmission of information inside and outside the Energy Campus.

A new model of collaborative partnership and governance.

Increased participation in international R&D initiatives and strategic international forums The new EU programme for 2014-2020 is an excellent opportunity for the Energy Campus to grow internationally, maintaining a focus on three aspects:

The EIT KIC InnoEnergy consortium was one of the first Energy Campus initiatives to extend local actions to the international arena and to bring international actions to the local area. Following rigorous viability testing of its model and consortium structure, InnoEnergy continues to develop and will remain a valued ally of the Energy Campus in its future activities.

Participation in and the impact of FP7 initiatives and the first round of Horizon 2020 projects have increased notably. In the coming years, the Energy Campus will continue to work on specific programmes in various areas of energy, as well as increasing its involvement in other areas related to the expertise and experience of consortium members, such as ICTs, architecture and urbanism, and new materials and manufacturing processes.

Finally, the Energy Campus must look to consolidate its participation in international bodies that shape European energy policy in its areas of activity. Particularly important is the UNI-Set initiative, which contributes to the definition of the European Strategic Energy Technology Plan, as part of the move towards the Energy Union.

More extensive deployment of Campus facilities across the region Since it was created, the Energy Campus has maintained an equal focus on international and local developments and sought to forge links with wider society, private business and the surrounding region. The Living Research Lab methodology and projects, start-up companies, and collaborative innovation projects with SMEs are three key components of this area. Further development of the project in the coming years will be channelled through three main areas:

The opportunities brought by the deployment of the national Smart Specialisation Strategy, RIS3, under which Spain's regional governments will be free to set their own energy priorities to generate more effective competition. Energy is a strategic priority in Catalonia, and this should enable the Energy Campus to secure the funding it needs to give continuity to the projects launched in previous years. One of these projects is the RIS3CAT Energy Community, scheduled for launch in 2015. The community will bring together private companies, public authorities and universities to carry out major product development and research projects with budgets running into the millions of euros.

The Diagonal Besòs Campus, which will be opened in early 2016. It has been designed as a laboratory site for technological and social innovation, building on the experience gained through the Research Living Lab initiatives. This environment gives companies, universities and research centres the opportunity to develop new technologies for the energy sector and trial them with real users. Local authorities in the area where the Campus is based, at the mouth of the Besòs river, will introduce new energy policies, mirroring developments in the neighbouring area of Rubí, where the Rubí Brilla initiative was launched.

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The Industrial Doctorates programme, backed by the Government of Catalonia, which has been widely recognised as successful example of collaborative innovation. The Energy Campus will continue to apply this model, channelling more resources and seeking partnerships with more companies in the sector willing to provide funding to support further advances in knowledge-based competitiveness.

Improved communication and transmission of information inside & outside the Campus The Energy Campus experience has confirmed the success of communication with the University community and wider society since the project began, which has led to greater awareness of the need for a new energy model, fostered debate, and attracted new consortium members. The indicators obtained from social network channels and visitor traffic to the Energy Campus website show clear progress in the project's online endeavours. To build on this experience and on what has been learned so far, the development of the Energy Campus project over the coming years requires an ongoing commitment to current actions and a new focus on the following areas for improvement:

With a view to enhancing the initial communication model, a new plan will be agreed upon by all members, defining new resources, metrics, indicators—one of the main hurdles during the first years of operation—and objectives. The goal is to raise the efficiency and impact with which information is gathered and distributed.

To complement the evaluation carried out by the project's funding authority; one or more internal and external assessment bodies will be created and given the powers to issue official verdicts on the development of the Energy Campus, enabling corrective measures to be implemented more effectively. This body must act in compliance with recently passed legislation on transparency in public administration, which was not in force when the original Energy Campus project was drafted.

One of the most interesting projects involved collaboration with vocational training centres to raise awareness of energy issues among students and to facilitate greater mobility between official vocational studies and university education. Over the coming years, the project will be extended to a wider range of vocational training structures and similar work will begin with local secondary schools.

A new model of collaborative partnership and governance

For the UPC, 2010 was a landmark year that saw it receive recognition of International Campus of Excellence status in the field of energy and contribute to the winning consortium in the EIT's call for KIC proposals. The call for ICE proposals, organised by the Ministry of Education, Culture and Sport, has proved to be a landmark initiative for the University, providing the springboard for all of the energy-related activities carried out to date.

Moving on from the initial ICE project, and in grateful acknowledgement of the opportunities it has given the University, the aim of the Energy Campus is now to harness the potential, commitment and responsibility of its members to continue its activities. This will be achieved by ongoing collaboration between institutions in the quadruple helix model, in pursuit of the existing strategic objectives and aiming to exert a greater influence across the region.

The Energy Campus has gradually built on and refined the consortium and governance model set out in the initial report and has streamlined its daily operations, seeking greater collaboration, flexibility and decisiveness. Through the experience acquired over this period, and with a view to consolidating the project beyond the bounds of its initial plans, three key concepts have been established that will shape the Campus's ongoing development.

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A model to make sense of the volume of information generated by a community of some one thousand researchers, working in various areas of energy. The Energy Campus has experimented with various formulas to determine what each researcher and research group does and needs, and to identify how best to launch new projects and secure funding. The model that has been defined—simple, effective, and based on collaboration, trust, transparency and flexibility—will gradually be implemented over the next few years.

A focus on international models. A consortium structure has been trialled in which each partner contributes voluntarily to a shared goal, seeking to establish long-term agreements for collaboration. This is the case of the CMES group. These are more robust and adaptable than top-down structures, and in the coming years they will play a prominent role in the Energy Campus and its governance model. This will give civil society—represented by a diverse community of professionals from a variety of disciplines—a stake in defining our energy future, working alongside the UPC, local business (represented by the Catalan Energy Efficiency Cluster), public regulators and government (represented by the Government of Catalonia and the Barcelona City Council).

A dynamic governance structure. Specific committees have been created, and lecturers, company representatives and members of the CMES group write joint reports, plan projects and design proposals to contribute to the change of model.

As such, the Energy Campus project has a positive future. Energy is a major contemporary concern and the focus of extensive debate about the need for a greener future.

Reflecting this, the launch of the Smart Specialisation Strategy (RIS3) has required regional governments across Europe to address the importance of the energy market and will give continuity to projects arising from the Energy Campus initiative.

The Energy Campus, through its commitment to the development of the local community, and thanks to the contributions of an increasing number of consortium members, has grown in stature to offer a broader range of activities than traditionally associated with a university body.