energy efficiency

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Energy efficiency

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Page 1: Energy Efficiency

Energy efficiency

Page 2: Energy Efficiency

• The International Energy Agency (IEA) projects global primary energy demand could grow by 55% from 2005 to 2030

• Meanwhile climate change is a growing concern with enormous pressure to reduce CO2 emissions

Page 3: Energy Efficiency

According to Lord Kelvin (1824 - 1907) "If you cannot measure it, you cannot improve

it."

• We need to know how much energy we consume, how much we waste and how much we need in order to become more energy efficient

Page 4: Energy Efficiency

Energy audit should identify

• The forms & amounts of energy being used• The cost of each energy form• The purposes for which energy is being used• Energy losses within the system

Page 5: Energy Efficiency

An energy audit involves measurements of:

• Inputs: Energy consumed (as reflected on utility bill)

• Throughputs: Work achieved (operation of machines, lights etc.)

• Outputs: Energy consumed but wasted (leaks, inefficiencies etc.)

Page 6: Energy Efficiency

The Bucket Concept:Energy inputs, throughputs and outputs.

Page 7: Energy Efficiency

Energy efficiency is improved when leaks are plugged, and more efficient lighting and appliances are used

Page 8: Energy Efficiency

• The global average efficiencies of electricity production are:

• 34% for coal, • 40% for natural gas and • 37% for oil • For all fossil fuels, the global average efficiency

is 36%. Wide variations are seen in efficiencies amongst

countries, with OECD countries typically having the highest efficiencies.

Page 9: Energy Efficiency

Buildings

• Buildings account for 40% of all energy usage in most countries.

• Therefore, energy efficient buildings are critical in making an impact on CO2 emissions.

Page 10: Energy Efficiency

Lighting

• Artificial light production accounts for 8.9% of total global primary consumption and represents approximately 8% of world CO2 emissions.

• Improving the efficacy of lighting systems can therefore be an important means to lower greenhouse gas emissions (www.iea.org)

Page 11: Energy Efficiency

Incandescent bulb vs

compact fluorescent light (CFL)

Page 12: Energy Efficiency

• CFLs are more expensive than incandescent bulbs

• However,• -CFLs use approximately 5 times less energy

than incandescent bulbs• -CFLs last approximately 10 times longer than

incandescent bulbs• Therefore, CFLs actually save money as well as

energy and waste

Page 13: Energy Efficiency

Ideally buildings should:• Be well insulated• Get natural light• Use energy efficient appliances and fittings• Avoid energy leakages (outputs)• Be kept at a comfortable (rather than cool)

temperature• Supply some of its own energy needs (e.g. solar

panels)• Use motion detection sensors which switch off

appliances when no-one is there• Use cool roofs (reflect sunlight)

Page 14: Energy Efficiency

Cool roof

http://construction.com/CE/CE_images/0707roofing4.jpg

Page 15: Energy Efficiency

http://www.mlit.go.jp/english/2006/p_g_b_department/05_env-report/images/p_5_5a_zu.gif

Page 16: Energy Efficiency

A Smartgrid

• An intelligent monitoring system that keeps track of all electricity flowing in the system.

• Less power loss• Capable of integrating alternative sources of

electricity such as solar and wind. When power is least expensive a smart grid could turn on selected home appliances such as washing machines or factory processes that can run at arbitrary hours. At peak times it could turn off selected appliances to reduce demand.

Page 17: Energy Efficiency

Smartgrid

Page 18: Energy Efficiency

Government role

• Building codes for new buildings• Refurbishments and renovations of older

buildings should work towards energy efficiency

• Standards for insulation and energy efficiency from windows is needed

Page 19: Energy Efficiency

Electrical appliances

• Residential appliances, alone, account for over 30% of the electricity consumption in most countries.

• Effectively implementing energy efficiency regulations for appliances is essential.

• Standby power represents 2-11% of the residential electricity use in IEA member countries

• Plasma televisions that remain on for longer periods of time could cause the global energy consumption of televisions to double by 2020. Promoting the most efficient technologies available and stimulating the market to make new technologies commercial will be crucial to achieving energy savings in this sector.

Page 20: Energy Efficiency

• Appliances should be labelled for energy efficiency

• These labels need to be audited externally to ensure they are accurate

Page 21: Energy Efficiency

• Energy management is part of an EHS management system

• Firstly, the existing situation must be assessed• An Energy Management Matrix is useful to

help assess the existing situation

Page 22: Energy Efficiency
Page 23: Energy Efficiency

Advantages of energy efficiency

• Saving money• Improved corporate image• Attract investors• Improve staff morale / retention• Minimise pollution - Cleaner air & water• Minimise greenhouse gases & climate change• Conservation of natural resources

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THE END