energy in ecosystems mrs. pittaluga 8 th grade science
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Energy in EcosystemsMRS. PITTALUGA
8TH GRADE SCIENCE
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I can… Identify food chains within food webs and label the trophic levels to which each organism belongs.◦ NC Essential Standard – 8.L.3.3: Explain how the flow of
energy within food webs is interconnected with the cycling of matter (including water, nitrogen, carbon dioxide, and oxygen)
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producers
• An organism that makes its own food through a chemical reaction – photosynthesis or chemosynthesis
• Also called autotrophs
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consumers• An organism that consumes
other organisms for food• Heterotrophs• Herbivores, Carnivores,
Omnivores
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decomposer
Organisms that break down the remains of dead
organisms and other organic waste
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Food Chain◦ Diagram that shows how
matter and energy move through an ecosystem
◦ Grass Rabbit Snake Hawk─ Arrows show direction the
energy is moving─ Food chains always start with a
plant─ Usually have only 3-5 levels─ Energy is lost when moving up
the food chain.
Trophic Levels:◦ The level an organism belongs
to is determined by its distance from the producer
◦ 1st Trophic Level – Producers◦ 2nd Trophic Level – Primary
consumers◦ 3rd Trophic Level – Secondary
consumers◦ 4th Trophic Level – Tertiary
consumers
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Food Web◦ More complex than a food
chain◦ Shows all the possible
feeding relationships at each trophic level in a community─ More realistic than a food
chain─ Most heterotrophs depend on
more than one species for food or energy.
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I can… Interpret an energy pyramid to determine what happens (and why it happens) to the amount of energy as you move up the trophic levels.
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The Energy Pyramid• The energy pyramid
is a visual representation of the flow of energy within a community.
• It is designed to show the amount of biomass at each trophic level.
• Biomass is the amount of living or organic matter within an organism
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10% Rule of Ecology
An average of only 10% of the energy in one trophic level is passed to the next trophic level.
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Energy Pyramid Foldable