ENERGY & MATTER

ENERGY & MATTER Exploring the amazing way plants store the Suns energy in the bonds of sugar & how that makes life possible for the rest of us Catalyst: You can take a plant to space, but will it grow there? Explain your answer in a complete sentence AgendaCatalyst Plants in spaceSummary

Objectives SWBAT Identify the three things plants need to growExplain the challenges around growing plants in space and how it is different than growing plants on Earth.

ENERGY & MATTER Exploring the amazing way plants store the Suns energy in the bonds of sugar & how that makes life possible for the rest of us Whats the process plants use to grow?Photosynthesis!!!!!Can photosynthesis happen in space?What would we need to know about space, plants & photosynthesis in order to answer this question? Brainstorm 3+ questions you have about the above with your partner and write them in your notebookRead & Annotate the articleWrite down questions that come to mind as your readWhat images came to mind? What was confusing? What did you notice? Write a summary of the article on the bottom margin. Catalyst: What are the three things plants need in order to perform photosynthesis? AgendaCatalyst Homework review Endocrine & Nervous System Quiz return Persuasive essay Summary & reflection

Objective Evaluate the quality of writing using a rubric Homework review 1. What are the three things plants need to grow on Earth?

2. What do scientists need in order to grow plants in space?

3. How is it similar or different from what plants need to grow on Earth?

Endocrine & Nervous System Quiz return Which of the following statements about hormones is incorrect?Which of the following are true?The endocrine system produces______ and the nervous system produces_______. What happens when the cells of the pancreas release insulin into the blood?Which of the following controls the many other endocrine glands?Which of the following is the best explanation for why only certain cells respond to the hormone aldostrone?Based on the passage, what best describes aldostrone?Which of the following glands is responsible for regulating blood glucose levels?Persuasive Essays If you do this today, I will not assign you homework over the Thanksgiving break! Step 1 Read the writing promptStep 2 Read the RUBRIC! Step 3 Read and Grade Essay 1 based on the rubricStep 4 Read and Grade Essay 2 based on the rubricStep 5 Read and Grade Essay 3 based on the rubricBE SURE TO GIVE THE STUDENTS A SCORE FOR EACH SECTION!

Catalyst: Get out the ACT writing packet that you worked on last Tuesday in class. Agenda Catalyst Writing sample analysis Reading and balancing chemical equations

Objectives : SWBAT Analyze student writing samples and determine how well student would score using the ACT persuasive writing rubric. Use the equation for photosynthesis to demonstrate the law of conservation of matter. Catalyst 2: Plants need three things to grow,What are they?Sunlight Water H2O Carbon dioxide CO2

Plants need three things to grow,What are they?Sunlight (energy)Water (liquid)Carbon dioxide CO2 (gas)

Is soil anywhere in the equation for photosynthesis? Nope

Why would plants need a gas to grow???

Chemical Equation for Photosynthesis What do the big numbers mean?Number of MOLECULES ex: 6CO2= CO2 CO2 CO2 CO2 CO2 CO2What do the little numbers mean (subscript)?Number of ATOMS of an element that are part of the molecule. Ex: CO2 = O---C---O What do the letters mean? The type of ELEMENT C= Carbon, H=Hydrogen, O=Oxygen What is the Law of Conservation of Matter? Matter (stuff) cannot be created or destroyed. All of the stuff (matter) you start a chemical reaction with has to be there when the reaction is done. Reactants must equal products! (equation must balance)

ReactantsProductsPhotosynthesis- chemical Equation Write the equation for photosynthesis shown belowWrite the state of matter (solid, liquid, gas) for each of the reactants and products of the equation.

_________ _________ _________ __________

GasliquidsolidgasPlants need three things to grow,What are they?Sunlight (energy)Water H2O (liquid)Carbon dioxide CO2 (gas)

Why would plants need a gas to grow???

Catalyst: How many atoms of Carbon, hydrogen and oxygen are needed for photosynthesis?AgendaCatalyst Modeling Photosynthesis Part 1

Objective: SWBAT Model the reactants and products of photosynthesis

Modeling Photosynthesis- Part 1Remove the staple from the packet given to youGlue the three pages into your notebook (open faced) so that you can see each page. Purpose: With a partner you will be asked to use beads (each bead represents a type of atom: Carbon, Hydrogen and Oxygen) to model the molecules that are used in the process of photosynthesis. Count the colored beads in your bag. Make sure you have the correct amount of each color DONT DROP ANY! Modeling photosynthesis- Part 1Look at the box on the front page of the handoutCount the colored beads in your bag. Make sure you have the correct amount of each color Read the directions and each person creates models for the different molecules involved in photosynthesis steps 1-3. ANSWER ALL QUESTIONS on the worksheet!! STOP before glucose (step 4)

Modeling photosynthesis- Part 22nd page of the handout! -----PART 2Now please complete questions 1-4 with your partner Note: Question 3 requires you to build a model of the reactants with the bead kit! Review answers 1-4 Now please complete questions 5-12 with your partnerNote: Question 7 requires that you build a model of the products with the bead kit.

Catalyst: What are the inputs of photosynthesis? What are the outputs of photosynthesis? Agenda CatalystStop, drop and writeRubric grading

Objectives SWBAT Write a persuasive essay that will score an average of a 4 on the ACT persuasive writing rubric. Stop, drop and Write! Read & annotate the two prompts on the paper provided. Choose ONE to respond to. Create a bullet pointed basic outline of your ideas on the back of the handout (whats your position, evidence for, and counter argument) This will be a 3 paragraph essayMain Idea- State your position on issue, background information and reasoning (1 paragraph) Evidence & Link- expand on the background information, add additional examples and evidence. State how this evidence helps support your point. (1 paragraph) Conclusion- Address a counter argument that could be made against your position. Use your evidence or other information to state why your position is stronger than the counter argument. Restate the big-picture idea of your argument and wrap-up (1 paragraph)

Catalyst- What is the law of conservation of matter? AgendaCatalystModeling photosynthesisReview questions Exit tickets

Objective: SWBAT Model the reactants and products of photosynthesis. Modeling photosynthesis- Part 2COUNT THE BEADS IN YOUR KIT!! 2nd page of the handout! (pg. 5&) Now please complete questions 1-4 with your partner Note: Question 3 requires you to build a model of ALL the reactants with the bead kit! (ex: 6 molecules of CO2)Review answers 1-4 Now please complete questions 5-12 with your partnerNote: Question 7 requires that you build a model of the products with the bead kit. For questions 5 & 9 I want you to just write when you are prompted to

ENERGYExit ticketIn a piece of paper Put your name on it!!! DO NOT WRITE THE QUESTIONWhere does the carbon come from to build the glucose sugar molecule? Catalyst: Glucose (c6H12O6) is one of the products of photosynthesis. Which reactant is the source of the carbon?

AgendaCatalyst Wrap up modeling Photosynthesis reading

Objective SWBAT Trace matter as it transforms through the process of photosynthesisExplain the inputs and outputs of the light independent and light dependent reactions of photosynthesis. Why do plants need a gas to grow? Write down the question and spend 2 min developing an answer with your elbow partner. You will have 5 min to complete up to question 12 from the modeling activity from yesterday. Times up! ---any questions??Read the article and answer the questions IN YOUR NOTEBOOK!

Catalyst: What is a product of the light-dependent reactions?AgendaCatalyst Homework review Catch up

Objectives SWBAT Explain the inputs and outputs of the light independent and light dependent reactions of photosynthesis.

Homework review 1)What colors of light are present in white light? ROYGBIV2)What colors of light are absorbed by chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b? Blue-Violet & red 3) Use your answer to question 2 to explain why plants are green. (dont just say b/c the reflect green light EXPLAIN why that happens) According to figure 8-4 chlorophyll a and b in plants does not absorb the green-yellow light frequencies as well as the blue-violet and red frequencies. Therefore, plants reflect mostly green light which is what makes them appear green in color.

4)What is the name of the organelle that's present in Eukaryotic organisms that allow the cell to photosynthesize? Chloroplast 5)In what specific structure within that organelle does photosynthesis take place? Thylakoids6)When plants absorb light energy where do they immediately transfer that energy two? (hint: its part of an atom) Electrons!

7) What are high-energy electron carrier molecules? NADPH & NADP+8) Explain the function of NADPH and NADP+An electron carrier is a compound that can accept a pair of high-energy electrons and transfer them, along with most of their energy, to another molecule.

Write the equation for photosynthesis6CO2+ 6H2O + Sunlight C6H12O6 + 6O2 Identify the reactants and products of the photosynthesis equation.The reactants are: Carbon Dioxide, Water and Sunlight The products are: Glucose and Oxygen What is ATP???Adenosine triphosphate = ATP This is the molecule that is the direct source of energy for cells. Cells can crack it in half (like a glow stick) and it will release stored energy.

Reaction Requires Happens in (location) Produces Light-dependent 1. 2. 1. 2. Light-independent 1. 2. 3.1. 2. Reaction Requires Happens in (location) Produces Light-dependent 1. Water 2. Sunlight Thylakoid membrane 1. Oxygen 2. ATP NADPHLight-independent Carbon Dioxide 2. ATP 3. NADPH StromaGlucose 2. ADP & NADP+ Lightening review You and your partner will have answer one question at a time. You do not have to answer the questions in order. Write the answer in the box that corresponds to the number and then bring it up to the front to check the answer. Form a single file line (no pushing or cutting) When you get a stamp you can move on to the next question. The first team to get all questions correct will get the grand prize. (one point EC on quiz!) All teams to get all 10 questions correct will get a prize. (one pick out of the prize bag, after school) You may pass one question.

Catalyst: Please get out your draft of your Review of Literature from Monday. (Study for your quiz while I check in your work) AgendaCatalyst Lightening review Quiz

Objective SWBAT Explain the process of photosynthesis through answering multiple choice quiz questions. Lightening review You and your partner will answer all 5 questions at a time. You do NOT need to answer them in order When you have your first 5 questions answered ONE person will bring the score sheet up to the front to get it checked. Form a single file line (no cutting, or disrespectful behavioryou will be disqualified from the game!)You will get stamps on the correct answers. If you miss a question you have to re-answer it and get it checked before moving forward. You must have 5 correct answers before you can move on to the last 5 questions.First team to 10 questions gets two points of EC on the quiz All teams to get all 10 questions correct will get a prize. (one pick out of the prize bag, after school)

1What is the name of the pigment that is found in the thylakoids? 2In what organelle does photosynthesis take place?3What are the 2 main reactants for photosynthesis?4What are the 2 main products of photosynthesis?5Where specifically do the light dependent reactions take place? 6Where specifically do the light independent reactions take place? 7What is NADP+s role in photosynthesis? 8Give an example of an organism that undergoes photosynthesis. 9What gas goes into the atmosphere after photosynthesis? 10What is the name of the process in which plants make their own food?QUIZ Please clear your desk! If you need a pencil please have your ID out so that you can trade with me when I come around You will have the rest of the periodOn the scantron please fill out the following information: NameID number Catalyst: If you wanted to measure how fast photosynthesis was happening in a plant, what are some things you could measure? (write 2)AgendaCatalyst Photosynthesis Pre-lab Practice lab set up

Objectives: SWBAT Identify factors that affect the rate of photosynthesisChoose an independent variable to test its effects on the rate of photosynthesis in spinach leaves. Background information Please read and annotate the background information on pg. 1 of your lab With your elbow partner please answer the following questions in the bottom margin on pg. 1: In the first sentence what do you think the words autotrophic organisms are referring to? How can we use the observation of a floating spinach leaf as a measure of photosynthesis? Use evidence from paragraph two in your answer. EQ: What factors affect the rate of photosynthesis? There are lots of ways we can manipulate the materials needed for photosynthesis. With your elbow partner brainstorm some ways you could change the different inputs. Write at least 2 ideas in each box on pg. 2 of your lab sheetLight Water CO2 in this lab CO2 from baking soda will be dissolved in the water in which the spinach leaves will be floating. The direction call for .5g of baking soda per 150ml of waterOnce you have your initial list go up to the board and write your best one on the class master list. COPY the class master list onto your lab sheet!!!!Catalyst: Copy down the class chart from yesterday onto pg. 2 of your lab sheet. Light CO2H2OIntensity of light (50w, 75w, 100w) Adding more Baking soda(1g, 1.5g, 2g) Temperature of water (warm, cold, room temp) Distance from light source (1ft, 2ft, 3ft) Adding less baking soda(.10g, .20g, .30g, .40g) Type of water (tap, bottled, salt) Color of light (red, blue, violet) Using other sources of CO2 Besides baking soda (carbonated water (club soda), Alka-seltzer tabs, Crushed limestone)Amount of water (200ml, 250ml, 300ml) Time exposed to light (5min, 10min, 15min) Direction of light (Overhead, sideways, underneath) Lab groups With your groups please do the following: (qs 1-5 pg. 2)Identify roles: Write each person with their role on the bottom of pg. 2 of your labProject manager- keeps things moving to completion within the time given, helps set up the lab Materials specialist- Collects all of the groups materials from the designated location, helps set up the lab Data Recorder Makes sure all the data is recorded accurately throughout the experiment, helps clean up the lab Lab assistant- Communicates group questions to Ms. Richter, helps set up and clean up the lab Identify which material you are going to manipulate for your independent variable. (question 2) Create a hypothesis: If_____IV_____, Then____DV_____. (question 4) Identify a control group (question 5) When your group is done have your Lab Assistant call me over to stamp your groups work.

Lab Demo Send your materials specialist to get the following: Cup of water One syringe for each group member A hole puncher One spinach leaf Project managers- punch out 10 spinach disks with the hole puncher Please watch and follow along as I demo part of the lab. Catalyst: Meet with your lab group at your lab table. Identify what will be tested in each trial of your lab. Write them on the data table on pg. 2Ex: If my independent variable is the color of light these would be my trials Trial A= White Light(control) Trial B = Red Light Trial C = Blue Light Trial D = Indigo light (black light) Objective: SWBATFollow simple procedures to conduct an experiment to test what factors affect the rate of photosynthesisPhotosynthesis Lab Fill in your trials on the data table on the 2nd page of your lab (under step 14) Start at step 6 on the lab sheet (first page bottom right)Direction go up to step 14 on pg. 2 PREP and collect data on ONE TRIAL AT A TIME!!! (you will only need 10 spinach disks per trial)Materials specialist can prep the solution. Project managers can prep the spinach leaves. You will have the rest of the class period to complete all of your trials

Catalyst: You will have 15 min to complete your last trial for your lab AgendaCatalystData Analysis Conclusion

Objective: SWBAT Follow simple procedures to evaluate factors that effect the rate of photosynthesis. Analyze data from the photosynthesis lab to evaluate factors that effect the rate of photosynthesis. Data & analysis SectionThe following parts should be in your data analysis section 1) Data Table 2) Graph 3) A paragraph that explains the overall rate of photosynthesis per min for each trail. Identify the trail(s) with the fastest rate of photosynthesis Determining rateRead data analysis question 2Look at the example! Rate of change = change over timeCalculate the average number of floating disks per min for each trial

Read data analysis question 3Look at the example!

GraphRead the data analysis directions under step 1Y-axis will be our DEPENDENT variable Number of floating leaf disks X-axis will be TIME (in min) Each trail will have its own line! (your will have to create a key, use different colors or symbols) Catalyst: What is the chemical equation for photosynthesis? Agenda Catalyst Plant energy Life Energy Cellular Respiration

Objective: Identify the reactants and products of cellular respiration.

Energy from plants energy for life The Sun is the main source of energy for life on the planet Through photosynthesis plants store the suns energy in the BONDS of the glucose molecule. What is a chemical bond? An electrical attraction between two atoms The Suns energy is stored in the BONDS of glucoseAnything that eats plants is capable of using that stored energyThe organism then uses the energy to produce ATP

What is ATP???ATP stands for Adenosine TriphosphateThis molecule is the energy currency of your cells. ALL cells use ATP for energy and regulating metabolism. (how fast you burn energy) ATP is like a glow stick, it has to get broken to release its energy

Cellular respiration The process by which a living thing gets energy from breaking down glucose is called cellular respiration.

Check for understanding questions What are the products of photosynthesis? What are the reactants of cellular respiration?What are the products of cellular respiration?What are the reactants of photosynthesis? What do you notice about these two processes? How are photosynthesis and cellular respiration similar? Different?Suggest one reason these two process need to be connected.

Read 9.1 Cellular Respiration An Overview- pg. 250-253ANNOTATE the reading Answer 9.1 assessment questions 1-4 pg. 253 AND Analyzing data questions 1-3 on pg. 251Catalyst: Where does cellular respiration happen in cells?What are the three steps of cellular respiration? What happens to glucose in each step? Agenda Catalyst & HW check Modeling Cellular respiration

Objective: SWBATModel cellular respiration Compare and contrast cellular respiration and photosynthesis Homework! Questions? Modeling cellular respiration On the same page as your catalyst please make the following table:Make it at least a half of a page Title it Cellular Respiration Modeling Table

Reactant Product Creating models Please make sure you have the correct number of the following: 6 carbon beads 12 hydrogen beads 18 oxygen beads

You will be expected to answer questions 1-12 YOU MUST ANSWER THE QUESTIONS IN ORDER!! YOU CANT JUMP AROUND! Catalyst: What types of organisms perform cellular respiration? AgendaCatalyst Modeling cellular respiration

Objective: SWBAT Model cellular respiration Compare and contrast cellular respiration and photosynthesis

Creating models Please make sure you have the correct number of the following: 6 carbon beads 12 hydrogen beads 18 oxygen beads

Answer questions 1-12 AND questions 1-8 on the second page Catalyst: Does photosynthesis and cellular respiration happen at night only? During the day only? Constantly? AgendaCatalyst Cellular respiration videoThink Pair share recap

Objective: Use the process of cellular respiration to explain how your body uses energy from food. Video As you watch the video look for the answers to your assigned questions.

With your group: Answer your assigned questions and be ready to report out to the class!Catalyst: What does it mean if a process is aerobic? What about anaerobic?

AgendaCatalyst Review movie questionsPSAE/ACT Book distribution

Objective: SWBATIdentify the steps of cellular respiration Explain how organisms use the process of cellular respiration to make ATP energy from glucose in food. Homework: YOU WILL HAVE A QUIZ TOMORROW ON CELLULAR RESPIRATION. STUDY!!!!! Cellular respiration Movie q & a With your groups please use the document camera to project your written answer to your assigned question(s)Read your question and read your answer. Explain your reasoning behind your answer. PSAE / ACT booksUsing a permanent marker please write your name on the front cover and binding of the book! Using PEN please write you name in large letters on pg. 159. You will be expected to read and annotate Lesson 29 pg. 174-176This is your review for your quiz tomorrow!!!!

Answer questions 1-4 pg. 177 Catalyst: Explain how ATP releases energy AgendaCatalyst HW review Quiz

Objectives: SWBATExplain how organisms use the process of cellular respiration to make ATP energy from glucose in food.