energy resources science, technology, and society mr. canova period 11
TRANSCRIPT
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ENERGY RESOURCES
Science, Technology, and Society
Mr. CANOVA
Period 11
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Our Planet’s Energy Resources
• Energy- The ability to do work or cause a change
• Potential Energy- Stored Energy– Ex: Chemical, Nuclear, Gravitational, Mechanical
• Kinetic Energy- Energy in Motion– Ex: Electric, Radiant, Thermal, Mechanical
• Law of Conservation of Energy-– Energy can be converted from one form to another but it cannot be
created or destroyed
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ENERGY CONVERSIONS
Identify the initial and final forms of energy• Potential-
– Motion, chemical, nuclear, gravitational
• Kinetic-– Motion, electrical, radiant, thermal
• Example 1: Ice Cream to Bicycling
• Example 2: Sunlight to Photosynthesis
• Example 3: Gasoline to School Bus
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Energy Resources
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Sources of Energy:Renewable vs Nonrenewable energy
• Renewable:– Biomass– Hydropower– Geothermal– Wind– Solar
• Nonrenewable:– Coal– Natural Gas– Petroleum– Nuclear
• Transuranium elements
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Fossil Fuels
• Petroleum (Crude oil)- A liquid fuel made from the remains of dead sea organisms
• Hydrocarbons- The major components of petroleum. These compounds contain a tremendous amount of energy and can be easily manipulated to form many products.
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Petroleum Products
• Fractional Distillation- Separating a liquid mixture by different boiling points– FUELS:
• METHANE• PETROLEUM• GASOLINE• KEROSENE• DIESEL• JET FUEL• HEATING OIL.
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Other Petroleum Products:
Fertilizers
Pesticides
Solvents
Fabrics
Construction materials
Household Chemicals
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How Much Petroleum Remains?
• At this pace, we have almost 37 years of oil remaining
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Other Fossil Fuels
• Coal- Prehistoric plants buried in swamps transformed by heat and pressure deep within the Earth. It is used most commonly in power plants.
– 4 types:• Lignite (From Peat)• Subbituminous• Bituminous• Anthracite
• Natural Gas- Composed primarily of methane (CH4) A waste product created when petroleum is formed. It is typically a very clean burning fuel used in homes for heating and cooking.
Coal.jpg
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The Source of All Energy On Earth
• The Sun- – Our star which uses
nuclear energy to produce thermal and radiant energy.
– Gives energy for photosynthesis by plants and algae.
Autotrophs provide energy at the base of all food webs.
Over millions of years, chemical energy in living organisms form fossil fuels.
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Creating Electricity
• Fossil Fuels are burned to create steam which is forced through pipes to turn turbines. The turbines turn the wires within a generator creating electric current. The current comes to your homes through lines on towers and into wall sockets.
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The Problems with Fossil Fuels
A) Sulfuric and Nitrogen Compounds which cause acid precipitation. This harms plants, animals, humans,and destroys buildings and
monuments.
B) Carbon dioxide which is a greenhouse gas. These gasses trap solar energy, increasing the
average global temperature.
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The Problem with Nuclear Energy
• Nuclear- supply more electricity than oil, natural gas, and hydropower. But there are major risks involved including nuclear safety, nuclear waste, and nuclear weapons.
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Alternative Sources of Energy
• All are viable sources of energy but there are problems:– 1) Costs
• Technology, Infrastructure, training,
– 2) Consumer Confidence• Not the norm, What it is? Why isn’t
everyone using it?
– 3) Unforeseen circumstances• Natural disasters or changes
– 4) Lack of Reliability• Enough wind, sunlight, water in
certain areas of the world
– 5) Cultures• Not used now, why begin or we have
enough of other sources
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WHAT DIRECTION DO YOU THINK WE’RE HEADING IN?
Keep this in mind as we take a look at some of the energy sources that we
rely in the upcoming days.