energy sources and uses
DESCRIPTION
Energy Sources and Uses. 12.1 a. Arctic National Wildlife Refuge. _______________ Dwight ________________, 1960 19.5 million acres in northeast corner of _____________________ 1968- U.S.’s ____________ ___________ at Prudhoe Bay Alaska discovered (West of ANWR) - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
Energy Sources and Uses
12.1 a
Arctic National Wildlife Refuge
• _______________• Dwight ________________, 1960• 19.5 million acres in northeast corner of
_____________________• 1968- U.S.’s ____________ ___________
at Prudhoe Bay Alaska discovered (West of ANWR)
• Trans-Alaska _________ __________ built to transport oil to Valdez, Alaska
ANWR Energy Possibilities
• Oilfield discovered below ANWR- _________ __________ aprox. 7 billion barrels
• If ANWR opened up, would take ___ ________ before oil begins to flow out.
• ________ ______________ barrels a day, same amount we were importing from _______ before the war in 2003
• That amount would be _____ of U.S. daily oil _________________ (in 2030)
• Also estimated to hold 4 trillion ft3 of ______ ___
ANWR Wildlife
• ________________– 130,000 arrive to 1002 Area each summer to
feed and produce ______________
• Musk ____________- herd of 250
• Wolves, ____________, grizzly bear, polar bear, lynx, many other _________, 95 species of migratory birds
ANWR Oil Development Impact
• Could _______ Porcupine caribou herd and musk oxen closer to mountains- with more ______________ and less food
• Would not be pristine wilderness anymore with oil ______, roads, ____________, villages
Political Battle Over Opening ANWR
• Republicans & Bush Administration______ _______.– Major piece of national ________ _________
• Most _____________ against it • American public _________ or against• _____________ Eskimos for it – believe
important to survival• ___________ Indians against it- they
depend on caribou herd
• Interior Department’s Geological Survey concluded that opening ANWR would _______ Caribou and other wildlife (reviewed ______ __________ of research)
• Gale ____________ reversed decision when she became _________ _____________ in 2002.
Patriotism and International Politics
• Bush administration– Matter of ________________ ____________– Developing ANWR would ___________- U.S.
dependence on ____________ oil
• Oil Industry– U.S. oil reserves continuing to ____________– Developing ANWR would provide thousands
of ________ and __________
Other side
• ______________ of Iraqi war believe war was more about _____ than Saddam Hussein or WMD
• Many critics say the same about 1991 ____________ War
Oil Spills
• Seem ______________ as oil is transported via ship from oilfields to refineries around the world.
• __________ __________ 1989 spilled – 11 ___________ gallons of crude oil into
Prince Edward Sound– Oil still ___________- into food chain
• 2002- Prestige sank of ___________ coast, 21 million gallons
Harnessing Energy Sources: An Overview
• Muscle Power
• Coal
• Oil
• Natural Gas
Muscle Power
• Early times and today in ___________ ________________ regions
• Human muscle power: ________, indentured servants, ______ ________ workers
• Domestic ____________
• For _____________ and transportation
Steam Engines
• Launched the _______________ Revolution• Water boiled in a closed vessel to produce high
pressure ________________• Steam pushes a _______________________
back and forth in a cylinder• _______________ (connected to piston) turns
the drive wheel of the machinery • Steam Engines became power source for:
– Sawmills, ________ mills, steamships, steam tractors, etc.
Steam Driven Tractor fig 12-3
Coal
• At first, ___________ used to heat water for steam engine, but became __________
• ___________ was used instead of wood
• Dominant fuel from _______ to __________.
• Coal also used for ___________, cooking, and industrial processes
• In 1920’s- coal provided ________ of U.S. energy
• 2002- _________
Drawbacks
• _____________ and fumes- so bad, couldn’t see a ___________ away
• ____________ to mine coal, dirty to handle
• Large quantities of ________ to remove
• Steam Engines very ________ and bulky
Oil
• Late 1800s, 3 technologies ________ coal fired steam engines– Internal _______________ engine– Oil-well ________________– _______________ of crude oil
• Air Quality __________________• New engines were ___________, lighter,
and had more ___________- automobiles and planes benefited
Dependence on Oil
• Since the __________, economic development has _________________ on technologies that consume gasoline and other oil products
• 1951 Crude oil dominant energy source for U.S.
• World wide- oil _________ Coal ________
Global Primary Energy Supply
Natural Gas
• 3rd Primary _________ ____________• Often found in search of ______• Largely ______________- produces CO2 and
H2O during ____________________- cleaner than oil or coal
• At first, difficult to transport, so ___________• Built network of ______________ to connect • Used for _____________, cooking, and industrial • No storage tanks required- ________________
and relatively inexpensive
Energy Consumption in U.S. Fig 12-5
• Fossil Fuels- Crude Oil, coal, natural gas provide ___________ of U.S. energy consumption.
• Provide ____________ of world’s consumption