energy sourcess and their classifications, fossil fuesl and solar energy

7/29/2019 Energy Sourcess and Their Classifications, Fossil Fuesl and Solar Energy

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Energy


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What is Energy?

That which helps in doing work is Energy


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Forms of energy

Heat Light Sound

Magnetic Electricity Chemical


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Sources of energy

Biggest source of energy is ourSun

Some other sources are Coal Wood

Wind

Water

Food

Electricity

Primary Sources of Energy

Secondary Sources of Energy


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Sources of energy

Conventional sources Coal

Oil

Gas

These sources of energy are being used as

fuel for very long time

They are known as conventional sources ofenergy

Non- conventional sources Solar

Wind

Agricultural waste

Forestry waste

Biofuel

These sources have not beentraditionally used as Energy source

However, these sources will alwaysbe available in nature and arerenewable

Hence it is best to use non-conventional sources

Example Hydro-electric power projectlocated at Koyna dam in Maharashtra


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SOLAR WATER HEATER


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FLAT PLATE CONNECTOR

It is the most common type ofcollector used for solar water

heating.

Insulated, weather-proof box

containing a dark absorber plate

under a transparent cover.

Heat absorbed is transferred to

the tubes, which carry water or

the working fluid.

The efficiency of the system can

be increased by adding an

additional glass plate. The temp. Of water achieved is

around 80 C.


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Evacuated tube collector

Made up oftransparent, parallel

glass tube.

Each tube consists

glass outer tube and

an inner tube or

absorber.

It is not verycommon.


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Concentrating Collector

Also called Parabolic focussing Collector.

Usually made up of parabolic shaped

mirror that concentrates the suns energy

On the absorber tube.


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SOLAR CONCENTRATORS


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Thermosyphon System

It uses a flat platecollector and a separate

storage that is located

higher than the collector

level.

The storage tank may ormay not use a heat

exchanger.

It is more costly and

complex in

manufacturing.


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The solar cell

A solar cell is made using thin disc made ofpuresi l icon

Solar energy is converted into electricity in the solar cell


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SOLAR CELLS - HOUSES


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SOLAR POWER PLANT


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Active Solar Water Heating

An active system uses an electric pump tocirculate water through the system.

There are five major systems in active solar

water heating:-

1. Solar collector

2. Circulation System

3. Storage Tank

4. Backup Heating System

5. Control System


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Direct Systems

Two types:-1. Drain down

2. Re-collecting

In the re-circulatingsystem , heated

water from the

storage tank is

pumped through thecollectors when the

temperature drops to

a set value.


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DIRECT SYSTEM

Re-circulating type

direct Solar Heating

System


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INDIRECT SYSTEMS

Drain-back

hot water

system


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Indirect System

The drain back system uses distilled water asthe working fluid.

The collectors in this system will have the

distilled water in them when the pump is

operating.


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FOSSIL FUEL

Fuels which areformed underground

from plant and animal

remains millions of

years ago,are calledas fossil fuels.

Solid Fuels Liquid Fuels

Gaseous Fuels


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Solid Fuels

Coal is the principalsolid energy source.

Originated from

vegetable matter,

which grew millions

of years ago and

buried.

Charcoal and Cokeare prepared solid

fuels

According to order of

formation, coal is

called peat, lignite.

Sub-bituminous,

bituminous, subanthracite, anthracite

with increasing % of

carbon.


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energy sourcess and their classifications, fossil fuesl and solar energy

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