energy transfer as heat. s8p2 d. describe how heat can be transferred through matter by collisions...
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: Energy Transfer as Heat. S8P2 d. Describe how heat can be transferred through matter by collisions of atoms (conduction) or through space (radiation)](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081518/551bcb41550346c3588b50e9/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Energy Transfer as Heat
![Page 2: Energy Transfer as Heat. S8P2 d. Describe how heat can be transferred through matter by collisions of atoms (conduction) or through space (radiation)](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081518/551bcb41550346c3588b50e9/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
S8P2 d.Describe how heat can be
transferred through matter by collisions of atoms
(conduction) or through space (radiation). In a
liquid or gas, currents will facilitate the transfer of
heat (convection).
![Page 3: Energy Transfer as Heat. S8P2 d. Describe how heat can be transferred through matter by collisions of atoms (conduction) or through space (radiation)](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081518/551bcb41550346c3588b50e9/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Background• All forms of matter, whether solid, liquid, or gas,
are composed of atoms or molecules in constant motion
• Because of this constant motion, all atoms have thermal (heat) energy
• Whenever a substance is heated, the atoms move faster and faster
• When a substance is cooled, the atoms move slower and slower
• The “average motion” of the atoms that we sense is what we call temperature
• Temperature and heat ARE NOT technically the same thing
• Temperature is the average motion of atoms and molecules; heat is the energy that flows due to temperature differences
![Page 4: Energy Transfer as Heat. S8P2 d. Describe how heat can be transferred through matter by collisions of atoms (conduction) or through space (radiation)](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081518/551bcb41550346c3588b50e9/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Lesson Essential Question:
How is energy transferred as
heat?
![Page 5: Energy Transfer as Heat. S8P2 d. Describe how heat can be transferred through matter by collisions of atoms (conduction) or through space (radiation)](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081518/551bcb41550346c3588b50e9/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
How is energy transferred as heat?
Activating Strategy:
Activating AcrosticFor each of the letters of the phrase on the following slide
write one word that would characterize the phrase.
![Page 6: Energy Transfer as Heat. S8P2 d. Describe how heat can be transferred through matter by collisions of atoms (conduction) or through space (radiation)](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081518/551bcb41550346c3588b50e9/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
H -E -A -T -
T -R -A -N -S -F -E -R -
![Page 7: Energy Transfer as Heat. S8P2 d. Describe how heat can be transferred through matter by collisions of atoms (conduction) or through space (radiation)](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081518/551bcb41550346c3588b50e9/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
The transfer of energy between the
particles of two objects due to a
temperature difference between the two objects is
called heat.
![Page 8: Energy Transfer as Heat. S8P2 d. Describe how heat can be transferred through matter by collisions of atoms (conduction) or through space (radiation)](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081518/551bcb41550346c3588b50e9/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
• The transfer of energy always takes place from a substance at a higher temperature to a substance at a lower temperature
• Temperature is an indicator of the particles’ average kinetic energy; therefore, you can use it to predict which way energy will be transferred
• The greater the difference in the temperatures of two objects, the more energy that will transfer as heat
![Page 9: Energy Transfer as Heat. S8P2 d. Describe how heat can be transferred through matter by collisions of atoms (conduction) or through space (radiation)](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081518/551bcb41550346c3588b50e9/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Energy can be transferred as heat in
three ways:•Conduction
•Convection
•Radiation
![Page 10: Energy Transfer as Heat. S8P2 d. Describe how heat can be transferred through matter by collisions of atoms (conduction) or through space (radiation)](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081518/551bcb41550346c3588b50e9/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Conduction
![Page 11: Energy Transfer as Heat. S8P2 d. Describe how heat can be transferred through matter by collisions of atoms (conduction) or through space (radiation)](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081518/551bcb41550346c3588b50e9/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Conduction
Conduction is the transfer of energy that occurs when molecules bump into one another (heat transfer from one
atom to another within a substance).
![Page 12: Energy Transfer as Heat. S8P2 d. Describe how heat can be transferred through matter by collisions of atoms (conduction) or through space (radiation)](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081518/551bcb41550346c3588b50e9/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
ConductionMolecules are always in motion, but molecules in
warmer objects move faster than molecules in cooler
objects.
Solid at Different Temperatures
![Page 13: Energy Transfer as Heat. S8P2 d. Describe how heat can be transferred through matter by collisions of atoms (conduction) or through space (radiation)](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081518/551bcb41550346c3588b50e9/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
ConductionWhen objects are in contact, energy is transferred from warmer objects
to cooler objects.
![Page 14: Energy Transfer as Heat. S8P2 d. Describe how heat can be transferred through matter by collisions of atoms (conduction) or through space (radiation)](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081518/551bcb41550346c3588b50e9/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
ConductionExample of conduction: A spoon in a cup of hot soup becomes warmer because the heat from the soup is conducted along the
spoon
Conduction is most effective in solids, but it can happen in fluids. Gases and liquids are generally poor conductors of heat because their molecules
are farther apart than are the molecules in solids. Therefore, neighboring molecules in a
gas or in a liquid are less affected by the increased motions of heated molecules, and consequently heat is not conducted rapidly.
![Page 15: Energy Transfer as Heat. S8P2 d. Describe how heat can be transferred through matter by collisions of atoms (conduction) or through space (radiation)](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081518/551bcb41550346c3588b50e9/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Conduction
Use the following website to view animations of energy transfer by conduction in solids, liquids, and
gases.
http://www.scienceonline.co.uk/energy/conduction2.html
![Page 16: Energy Transfer as Heat. S8P2 d. Describe how heat can be transferred through matter by collisions of atoms (conduction) or through space (radiation)](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081518/551bcb41550346c3588b50e9/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Conduction
Why does the lady in the pink dress drop her roasting stick when the lady in the blue dress does not?
![Page 17: Energy Transfer as Heat. S8P2 d. Describe how heat can be transferred through matter by collisions of atoms (conduction) or through space (radiation)](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081518/551bcb41550346c3588b50e9/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
When heat is conducted, it is led from the heat source by traveling along a
physical object. The young woman in the pink dress was using a
straightened out coat hanger wire to cook her marshmallow. Metal is a
good conductor of heat. The heat from the fire traveled along the thick metal wire. The wire got so hot that the girl had to let go of it. The young girl in the blue dress is using a wooden rod to hold her marshmallow. Wood does not conduct heat well. The wood in
her hand is still cool and the marshmallows are almost done!
![Page 18: Energy Transfer as Heat. S8P2 d. Describe how heat can be transferred through matter by collisions of atoms (conduction) or through space (radiation)](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081518/551bcb41550346c3588b50e9/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Conduction• Any material through which energy can be
easily transferred as heat is called a conductor• What determines how well a substance
conducts is whether it is a gas, liquid, or solid• Gases are extremely poor conductors because
their particles are far apart• Liquids conduct better than gases, but they
are still not very effective conductors• Some solids, like rubber and wood, conduct
energy about as well as liquids• Metals such as copper and silver conduct heat
transfer very well• Some solids conduct better than others• In general, metals are better conductors than
nonmetals
![Page 19: Energy Transfer as Heat. S8P2 d. Describe how heat can be transferred through matter by collisions of atoms (conduction) or through space (radiation)](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081518/551bcb41550346c3588b50e9/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Conduction
A material that is a poor
conductor that is used to reduce or stop energy is called an insulator
Ex. Wood
![Page 20: Energy Transfer as Heat. S8P2 d. Describe how heat can be transferred through matter by collisions of atoms (conduction) or through space (radiation)](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081518/551bcb41550346c3588b50e9/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Conductivity Chart
![Page 21: Energy Transfer as Heat. S8P2 d. Describe how heat can be transferred through matter by collisions of atoms (conduction) or through space (radiation)](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081518/551bcb41550346c3588b50e9/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Convection
![Page 22: Energy Transfer as Heat. S8P2 d. Describe how heat can be transferred through matter by collisions of atoms (conduction) or through space (radiation)](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081518/551bcb41550346c3588b50e9/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Convection
Convection is the transfer of heat by the
flow of material. Convection circulates
heat.
![Page 23: Energy Transfer as Heat. S8P2 d. Describe how heat can be transferred through matter by collisions of atoms (conduction) or through space (radiation)](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081518/551bcb41550346c3588b50e9/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Convection• Heat moves with the fluid• Warmer portions are less dense
and therefore rise; cooler portions fall because they are denser. When the atoms at the top cool down, they become more dense and fall and vice versa for the warmer atoms. Hence a continuous cycle
• The cycle of a heated fluid that rises and then cools and falls is called a convection current
![Page 24: Energy Transfer as Heat. S8P2 d. Describe how heat can be transferred through matter by collisions of atoms (conduction) or through space (radiation)](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081518/551bcb41550346c3588b50e9/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Convection
Convection occurs mostly in gas or liquid.
![Page 25: Energy Transfer as Heat. S8P2 d. Describe how heat can be transferred through matter by collisions of atoms (conduction) or through space (radiation)](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081518/551bcb41550346c3588b50e9/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Convection
![Page 26: Energy Transfer as Heat. S8P2 d. Describe how heat can be transferred through matter by collisions of atoms (conduction) or through space (radiation)](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081518/551bcb41550346c3588b50e9/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
Convection
Use the following link to observe an animation of
convection:
http://www.geophysik.uni-frankfurt.de/~schmelin/what-is-convection.html
Scroll down to the 3rd animation at the bottom of the page
![Page 27: Energy Transfer as Heat. S8P2 d. Describe how heat can be transferred through matter by collisions of atoms (conduction) or through space (radiation)](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081518/551bcb41550346c3588b50e9/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
Radiation
![Page 28: Energy Transfer as Heat. S8P2 d. Describe how heat can be transferred through matter by collisions of atoms (conduction) or through space (radiation)](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081518/551bcb41550346c3588b50e9/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
RadiationRadiation is energy that
is transferred in the form of rays or
electromagnetic waves. This includes infrared radiation, visible light, and ultraviolet rays.
![Page 29: Energy Transfer as Heat. S8P2 d. Describe how heat can be transferred through matter by collisions of atoms (conduction) or through space (radiation)](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081518/551bcb41550346c3588b50e9/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
RadiationWhat happens in space?
•There are no solids touching the sun for conduction to occur
•There are no fluids in space for convection to occur
•Therefore, heat travels by radiation
![Page 30: Energy Transfer as Heat. S8P2 d. Describe how heat can be transferred through matter by collisions of atoms (conduction) or through space (radiation)](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081518/551bcb41550346c3588b50e9/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
Use the animations on the website below to review
conduction, convection, and radiation:
http://www.bbc.co.uk/science/hottopics/cooking/chemistry.shtml
Scroll down until you see the stove
![Page 31: Energy Transfer as Heat. S8P2 d. Describe how heat can be transferred through matter by collisions of atoms (conduction) or through space (radiation)](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081518/551bcb41550346c3588b50e9/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
Think, Pair, Ink
Look at the diagram below. In a sentence or two
explain how radiation, conduction, and convection
are used or prevented.
![Page 32: Energy Transfer as Heat. S8P2 d. Describe how heat can be transferred through matter by collisions of atoms (conduction) or through space (radiation)](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081518/551bcb41550346c3588b50e9/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
The shiny inside reflects radiant energy back into
the fluid. It also prevents heat from entering the
thermos from outside. The vacuum space prevents
conduction and convection from occurring. Since heat
cannot easily leave or enter the thermos, fluids
retain their original temperature.
![Page 33: Energy Transfer as Heat. S8P2 d. Describe how heat can be transferred through matter by collisions of atoms (conduction) or through space (radiation)](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081518/551bcb41550346c3588b50e9/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
Conduction, Convection, and
Radiation together distribute the Sun’s heat throughout the
Earth
![Page 34: Energy Transfer as Heat. S8P2 d. Describe how heat can be transferred through matter by collisions of atoms (conduction) or through space (radiation)](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081518/551bcb41550346c3588b50e9/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
Lesson Essential Question:
How is energy transferred as heat?
Summarizing Strategy:
On the following slides, identify whether the
statement describes cooking popcorn using conduction, convection, or radiation.
![Page 35: Energy Transfer as Heat. S8P2 d. Describe how heat can be transferred through matter by collisions of atoms (conduction) or through space (radiation)](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081518/551bcb41550346c3588b50e9/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
Put oil in the bottom of a pan. Cover the bottom of
the pan with popcorn kernels. Place the pan on the stove and turn on the burner to medium heat. Cover the pan with a lid.
Periodically shake the pan so the kernels move around
in the oil.
![Page 36: Energy Transfer as Heat. S8P2 d. Describe how heat can be transferred through matter by collisions of atoms (conduction) or through space (radiation)](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081518/551bcb41550346c3588b50e9/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
And the answer is…
Conduction
The heat is transferred by direct contact from the pan, to the oil, to the kernels of
popcorn.
![Page 37: Energy Transfer as Heat. S8P2 d. Describe how heat can be transferred through matter by collisions of atoms (conduction) or through space (radiation)](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081518/551bcb41550346c3588b50e9/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
Microwave a bag of popcorn.
![Page 38: Energy Transfer as Heat. S8P2 d. Describe how heat can be transferred through matter by collisions of atoms (conduction) or through space (radiation)](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081518/551bcb41550346c3588b50e9/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
And the answer is…
Radiation
The kernels are heated by the radiation in the
microwave.
![Page 39: Energy Transfer as Heat. S8P2 d. Describe how heat can be transferred through matter by collisions of atoms (conduction) or through space (radiation)](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081518/551bcb41550346c3588b50e9/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
Cooking popcorn in a popcorn popper.
![Page 40: Energy Transfer as Heat. S8P2 d. Describe how heat can be transferred through matter by collisions of atoms (conduction) or through space (radiation)](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081518/551bcb41550346c3588b50e9/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
And the answer is…
Convection
The hot air transfers the heat to the cooler kernels, and when
enough hot air heats the kernels they pop.