energy units & consumption esm 102. sources of energy
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Energy Units & ConsumptionESM 102
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Sources of Energy
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Natural Gas0Sold in units of THERMS
0 100 cubic feet0Hydrocarbon mixture (mostly methane)0Uses: generating electricity, heating houses, providing
heat & power to industry and vehicles0Found deep in underground rock formations & above
crude oil reservoirs0Cheaper than oil, easy to transport, burns hotter &
cleaner than other fossil fuels0Leaks of natural gas into atmosphere
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Electricity
0Sold in units of kilowatt hours (kWh) 0 1000 watt hours
0Sources of electricity:0 Fossil fuel combustion0 Wind power0 Hydropower
0Can’t be easily stored…must generate as much as needed
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Kilowatt Hours
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Heating Oil
0Sold in units of gallons0Low viscosity, flammable liquid petroleum similar to
diesel fuel0Stored in above or underground storage tanks 0Fuel for furnaces or boilers
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Gasoline0Sold in units of gallons0Petroleum derived liquid used for fuel in internal
combustion engines0 In US and many other countries, gasoline blended
with up to 10% ethanol0US accounts for 44% of world wide usage
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Wood
0Sold in units of cords0 = 4’ x 4’ x 8’ stack of wood0 = 250 copies of Sunday NYT0 1 forested acre produces 10-15 cords
0Amount of energy depends on type of wood0 Density0 Water content
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Energy in terms of BTUs
01 Calorie = 3.968 BTUs0Heating Oil: 1 gallon = 138,690 BTUs0Gasoline: 1 gallon = 124,238 BTUs0Natural Gas: 1 therm = 100,000 BTUs0Electricity: 1kWh = 3412 BTUs0Coal: 1 short ton = 19,858,000 BTUs
http://www.eia.gov/kids
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