eng.hcterminology unit 9

8/13/2019 Eng.hcterminology Unit 9

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Unit 9The Nervous System

1. Give the meaning of the abbreviations using the words given:autonomicaccidentattack

centralcerebralcerebro-

conductiondeepelectro-

encephalo-gramgraphy

reflexesischemiclumbar

multiplenervenervous

palsyperipheralpoly-

puncturesclerosissomno-

systemtendontransient

-vascularvelocity

CNSPNSNSCPC!

T"

#S$$%NC!PS%&P'T(

)* lthough cocaine use affects many components of the body+ including visionand appetite+ the most significant damage cause by cocaine takes place in theCNS*,* "f the PNS is damaged+ individual muscles or groups of muscles in a particularpart of the body+ rather than a hole limb+ are more likely to be affected* Themuscles are flaccid+ and there is often impairment of sensation*.* The NS conveys sensory impulses from the blood vessels+ the heart and all ofthe organs in the chest+ abdomen and pelvis through nerves to other parts of thebrain /mainly the medulla+ pons and hypothalamus0*1* The brain damage in CP is caused by brain in2ury or abnormal development ofthe brain that occurs hile a child3s brain is still developing 4 before birth+ duringbirth+ or immediately after birth* "t affects body movement+ muscle control+

muscle coordination+ muscle tone+ reflex+ posture and balance* "t can also impactfine motor skills+ gross motor skills and oromotor functioning*5* stroke+ or C!+ occurs hen blood supply to part of the brain is disrupted+causing brain cells to die*6* %lobal CNS depression and airay or cardiac compromise are not typicallyfeatures of a T"* "n fact+ the level of consciousness and neurologic examinationare expected to be at the patient7s baseline* "nitial assessment is aimed atexcluding emergent conditions that can mimic a T"+ such as hypoglycemia+sei8ure+ or intracranial hemorrhage** :pparently " have had #S for many years+ but it as never truly diagnoseduntil recently* "n my early ,;7s " as symptomatic* /Sudden inflammation thatcaused me to not be able to move limbs+ skin tingling+ eakness in my

extremities0vernight sleep study ith PS% is done to diagnose several sleep disordersfrom sleep apnea+ narcolepsy+ ($# behavior disorder+ insomnia+ and a number of

other sleep disorders* Patients ill be connected to a computer ith severaldifferent electrodes that ill monitor brain ave activity+ breathing+ oxygenlevels+ heart rates+ and body movement*),* n &P /or spinal tap0 can help diagnose serious infections+ such as meningitis?disorders of the CNS+ such as %uillain-@arre syndrome and #S? or cancers of the


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brain or spinal cord* Sometimes doctors use &P to in2ect anesthetic medicationsor chemotherapy drugs into the cerebrospinal fluid*).* lthough 'T(s aren7t routinely assessed+ they should be tested in any patientith a spinal cord in2ury


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,* Aocus on the prefixes and give the meaning of the termsBAnatomical terms:

sympathetic************************************************************************************************

parasympathetic ****************************************************************************************

demyelination*********************************************************************************************

intracranial #( ****************************************************************************************

extracranial #( ****************************************************************************************

ependymal cells******************************************************************************************

astrocytes***************************************************************************************************

oligodendrocytes****************************************************************************************

phagocytosis***********************************************************************************************

synapses*****************************************************************************************************

neurotransmitters***************************************************************************************

arachnoid****************************************************************************************************

Symptomatic terms:

aphasia*******************************************************************************************************

dysphasia****************************************************************************************************

dementia*****************************************************************************************************

hemiparesis ***********************************************************************************************

hyperesthesia*********************************************************************************************

paresthesia ************************************************************************************************

.* little &atin

Aorm the pluralBganglionnucleusgyrussulcusmeninx

%ive the proper endingBdur* mater /hardDtough0pi* mater /tender0corpus callos /callous+thickened0medulla oblongat** /elonged0

1* Aill in the tableCombining Aorm $nglish meaning-algia-cele

brain /&at*0skullbrain /%r*0

-esthesiamening/iDo0

bone marronerve /%r*0slight or incomplete paralysis

-phasiahardening

somn/o0


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Diagnostic terms5. Match the terms with their meaningagnosiaatopognosisl8heimer3s diseaseParkinson3s diseasecerebrovascular

diseasecerebral embolismcarotid T"vertebrobasilar T"epilepsyherpes 8osterhydrocephalusnarcolepsyhemiplegiaparaplegiaEuadriplegia

)* paralysis on one side of the body /(D&0,* progressive degeneration of nerves in the brain.* accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid in the skull1* inability to locate a sensation properly5* brief episode of loss of blood flo to the brain

/frontal06* recurrent sei8ures* sleep disorder /sudden uncontrollable need to

sleep0=* brief episode of loss of blood flo to the brain

/posterior09* loss of neurological function);* paralysis of all for limbs))* disease affecting the blood vessels of the brain),* viral disease affecting the peripheral nerves).* structural changes in the brain /forgetfulness+

disorientation0)1* presence of a floating clot in a blood vessel of the

brain)5* paralysis from the aist don

. !orm medical terms:inflammation of the brain

hardening of the arteries of the brainnerve pain

inflammation of the spinal cord

cond* of lipid buildup ithin the blood vessels ofthe brain

benign tumor of the coverings of the brainherniaDpouching of the spinal cord

inflammation of the covering of the brain

eng.hcterminology unit 9

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