I.C. ENGINESI.C. ENGINES AIR-BREATHING ENGINESAIR-BREATHING ENGINES

RECIPROCATING ENGINESRECIPROCATING ENGINES

2-Stroke Engine 4-Stroke Engine Radial Engine2-Stroke Engine 4-Stroke Engine Radial Engine

ROTARY ENGINESROTARY ENGINES

Wankel Engine Wankel Engine

ROTARY ENGINESROTARY ENGINES

Gnome EngineGnome Engine

GAS TURBINE ENGINESGAS TURBINE ENGINES

I.C. ENGINEI.C. ENGINENON-ASPIRATEDNON-ASPIRATED

ROCKET ENGINESROCKET ENGINES

NNECESSARY & SUFFICIENT ECESSARY & SUFFICIENT CONDITIONS FOR STARTING ENGINESCONDITIONS FOR STARTING ENGINES

(RECIPROCATING / ROTARY / GAS TURBINE)(RECIPROCATING / ROTARY / GAS TURBINE)

COMBUSTIBLE AIR-FUEL MIXTURE COMBUSTIBLE AIR-FUEL MIXTURE

MEANS OF IGNITIONMEANS OF IGNITION

SOURCE OF INITIAL TORQUESOURCE OF INITIAL TORQUE

METHODS OF CRANKING ENGINESMETHODS OF CRANKING ENGINES

HAND SWINGING (THROUGH PROPELLER)HAND SWINGING (THROUGH PROPELLER)

HAND CRANKING (i.e. MANUALLY THROUGH A HANDLE)HAND CRANKING (i.e. MANUALLY THROUGH A HANDLE)

USING STARTER (i.e. THROUGH A MECHANISED DEVICE)USING STARTER (i.e. THROUGH A MECHANISED DEVICE)

IMPULSE STARTER IMPULSE STARTER

IMPULSE STARTER IMPULSE STARTER

• AN IMPULSE STARTER IS USED WHILE AN IMPULSE STARTER IS USED WHILE STARTING LOW / MEDIUM POWERED STARTING LOW / MEDIUM POWERED MAGNETO FITTED MULTI-CYLINDER MAGNETO FITTED MULTI-CYLINDER PISTON PISTON ENGINEENGINE..

• THERE IS A THERE IS A SPRING-LOADED CLUTCH SPRING-LOADED CLUTCH DEVICEDEVICE BETWEEN THE ENGINE DRIVE AND BETWEEN THE ENGINE DRIVE AND THE MAGNETO SPINDLE THAT HELPS IN THE MAGNETO SPINDLE THAT HELPS IN INCREASING THE RATE OF ROTATION OF INCREASING THE RATE OF ROTATION OF THE MAGNET MOMENTARILY AND THE MAGNET MOMENTARILY AND INCREASES THE VOLTAGE PRODUCED.INCREASES THE VOLTAGE PRODUCED.

IMPULSE STARTER IMPULSE STARTER

                                                                  

IMPULSE STARTER IMPULSE STARTER

• INITIALLY THE BODY OF THE STARTER IS ROTATED INITIALLY THE BODY OF THE STARTER IS ROTATED WHILE THE ROTATING MAGNET REMAINS STATIONARY. WHILE THE ROTATING MAGNET REMAINS STATIONARY. THIS RESULTS IN WINDING OF THE SPRING IN THE THIS RESULTS IN WINDING OF THE SPRING IN THE COUPLING. AT THE APPROPRIATE TIME THE FLY COUPLING. AT THE APPROPRIATE TIME THE FLY WEIGHTS ARE RELEASED AND THE SPRING UNWINDS. WEIGHTS ARE RELEASED AND THE SPRING UNWINDS.

• THE RAPID MOVEMENT OF THE MAGNET RESULTS THE RAPID MOVEMENT OF THE MAGNET RESULTS IN A BETTER SPARK. AS SOON AS THE ENGINE STARTS IN A BETTER SPARK. AS SOON AS THE ENGINE STARTS RUNNING, THE RUNNING, THE FLY-WEIGHTSFLY-WEIGHTS ARE HELD IN RELEASE ARE HELD IN RELEASE POSITION BY CENTRIFUGAL FORCE AND THE MAGNET POSITION BY CENTRIFUGAL FORCE AND THE MAGNET FIRES IN THE NORMAL ADVANCE POSITION. FIRES IN THE NORMAL ADVANCE POSITION.

• HOWEVER, DURING ENGINE START UP THE RETARD HOWEVER, DURING ENGINE START UP THE RETARD SPARK IS PRODUCED WHEN THE MAGNETO ROTATION SPARK IS PRODUCED WHEN THE MAGNETO ROTATION IS HELD BACK BY THE IMPULSE STARTER OF INERTIA IS HELD BACK BY THE IMPULSE STARTER OF INERTIA COUPLING.COUPLING.

INERTIA STARTER INERTIA STARTER

INERTIA STARTER INERTIA STARTER

• IT CONSISTS OF A LARGE IT CONSISTS OF A LARGE FLY-WHEEL WHICH IS SET IN FLY-WHEEL WHICH IS SET IN MOTION BY HAND OR MOTION BY HAND OR MECHANICAL MEANS. WHEN MECHANICAL MEANS. WHEN THE FLY-WHEEL  IS TURNING THE FLY-WHEEL  IS TURNING RAPIDLY IT IS SUDDENLY RAPIDLY IT IS SUDDENLY CONNECTED TO THE ENGINE CONNECTED TO THE ENGINE AND ITS MOMENTUM ROTATES AND ITS MOMENTUM ROTATES THE CRANKSHAFT. THE CRANKSHAFT.

ELECTRIC STARTER ELECTRIC STARTER

•IT CONSISTS OF AN ELECTRIC MOTOR, A REDUCTION- GEAR AND AN AUTOMATIC ENGAGING / DIS-ENGAGING MECHANISM, WHICH OPERATES THROUGH AN OVERLOAD RELEASE.

• THE ENGINE IS CRANKED DIRECTLY BY THE STARTER AND CONTROLLED FROM THE COCKPIT. THE ELECTRIC STARTER PROVIDES INSTANTANEOUS AND CONTINUOUS ‘CRANKING.’

AUXILIARY POWER UNIT (APU) AUXILIARY POWER UNIT (APU)

AUXILIARY POWER UNIT (APU) AUXILIARY POWER UNIT (APU)

•THE PRIMARY PURPOSE OF AN AIRCRAFT THE PRIMARY PURPOSE OF AN AIRCRAFT APUAPU IS TO PROVIDE IS TO PROVIDE POWER TO START THE MAIN ENGINES. POWER TO START THE MAIN ENGINES. 

•ONCE THE APU IS RUNNING, DEPENDING ON THE DESIGN, IT ONCE THE APU IS RUNNING, DEPENDING ON THE DESIGN, IT PROVIDES ELECTRIC, PNEUMATIC OR HYDRAULIC POWER TO PROVIDES ELECTRIC, PNEUMATIC OR HYDRAULIC POWER TO START THE AIRCRAFT'S MAIN ENGINES. START THE AIRCRAFT'S MAIN ENGINES.

•THE FUNCTIONS OF ENGINE STARTING AND PROVIDING THE FUNCTIONS OF ENGINE STARTING AND PROVIDING ELECTRICAL AND HYDRAULIC POWER ARE DIVIDED UP AMONG ELECTRICAL AND HYDRAULIC POWER ARE DIVIDED UP AMONG TWO UNITS, THE TWO UNITS, THE JET FUEL STARTERJET FUEL STARTER AND THE  AND THE EMERGENCY POWER EMERGENCY POWER UNITUNIT. .

•APUAPUs ARE ALSO USED TO RUN ACCESSORIES WHILE THE ENGINES s ARE ALSO USED TO RUN ACCESSORIES WHILE THE ENGINES ARE SHUT DOWN.ARE SHUT DOWN.

TURBO-STARTERTURBO-STARTER- A TURBO-STARTER IS A SELF-CONTAINED UNIT A TURBO-STARTER IS A SELF-CONTAINED UNIT

WITH SHORT STARTING CYCLE, DEVISED TO WITH SHORT STARTING CYCLE, DEVISED TO PROVIDE INSTANTANEOUS AND RELIABLE PROVIDE INSTANTANEOUS AND RELIABLE STARTING WITHOUT GROUND SUPPORT.STARTING WITHOUT GROUND SUPPORT.

- A HIGH-PRESSURE STREAM OF AIR/GASES IS A HIGH-PRESSURE STREAM OF AIR/GASES IS FORCED THROUGH A HIGH-SPEED TURBINE, FORCED THROUGH A HIGH-SPEED TURBINE, THE DRIVE FROM TURBINE IS TRANSMITTED TO THE DRIVE FROM TURBINE IS TRANSMITTED TO THE ENGINE THROUGH A REDUCTION-GEAR THE ENGINE THROUGH A REDUCTION-GEAR MECHANISM AND AN OVER-RUN CLUTCH MECHANISM AND AN OVER-RUN CLUTCH ASSEMBLY.ASSEMBLY.

TURBO-AIR STARTERTURBO-AIR STARTER

CARTRIDGE TURBO-STARTERCARTRIDGE TURBO-STARTER

CARTRIDGE TURBO-STARTERCARTRIDGE TURBO-STARTER

•THIS IS AN IMPULSE TURBINE IMPACTED BY BURNING THIS IS AN IMPULSE TURBINE IMPACTED BY BURNING GASES FROM A CARTRIDGE, USUALLY CREATED BY GASES FROM A CARTRIDGE, USUALLY CREATED BY IGNITING A SOLID PROPELLANT SIMILAR TO GUN IGNITING A SOLID PROPELLANT SIMILAR TO GUN POWDER. IT IS GEARED TO ROTATE THE ENGINE AND POWDER. IT IS GEARED TO ROTATE THE ENGINE AND ALSO CONNECTED TO AN AUTOMATIC DISCONNECT ALSO CONNECTED TO AN AUTOMATIC DISCONNECT SYSTEM, OR OVERRUNNING CLUTCH. SYSTEM, OR OVERRUNNING CLUTCH.

•THE CARTRIDGE IS SET ALIGHT ELECTRICALLY AND THE CARTRIDGE IS SET ALIGHT ELECTRICALLY AND USED TO TURN THE STARTER'S TURBINE.USED TO TURN THE STARTER'S TURBINE. THE THE CARTRIDGE MAY LOOK LIKE A GUN SHELL/SMALL CARTRIDGE MAY LOOK LIKE A GUN SHELL/SMALL ROCKET. CARTRIDGE FIRING IS FOLLOWED BY ROCKET. CARTRIDGE FIRING IS FOLLOWED BY PINCHING SOUND DEEP BLACK SMOKE AND IT GIVES PINCHING SOUND DEEP BLACK SMOKE AND IT GIVES AN ILLUSION OF ENGINE FIRE.AN ILLUSION OF ENGINE FIRE.

LIQUID FUEL TURBO-STARTERLIQUID FUEL TURBO-STARTER

Micro Turbo Noelle 180Micro Turbo Noelle 180

LIQUID FUEL TURBO-STARTERLIQUID FUEL TURBO-STARTER

LIQUID FUEL TURBO-STARTERLIQUID FUEL TURBO-STARTER

ANY QUESTIONANY QUESTION

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