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English Core | Class 12th

CBSE Board Paper 2019

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CBSE Board Paper 2019 Set - 1

General Instructions:

1. This paper is divided into three Sections : A, B and C. All the sections are compulsory.

2. Separate instructions are given with each section and question, wherever necessary. Read these instructions very carefully and follow them faithfully.

3. Do not exceed the prescribed word limit while answering the questions.

Time allowed: 3 Hours Max Marks: 100

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1. Read the passage given below:

1. All of Earth’s oceans share one thing in common: plastic pollution. Discarded plastic bags, cups, and bottles make their way into the sea. Today, it seems that no part of the ocean is safe from plastic trash. In recent years, oceanographers have searched in vain for a pristine marine environment. They have found plastic everywhere they have looked. “It is a common global problem, we can’t point to a single habitat or location with no plastic.”

2. Plastic harms wildlife and introduces dangerous chemicals into marine ecosystems — communities of organisms interacting with their surroundings. Once plastic enters the environment, it lasts a long time. Scientists are working to prevent plastic pollution from entering the sea.

3. When people litter, or when the trash is not properly disposed of, things like plastic bags, bottles, straws, foam beverage cups get carried to the sea by winds and waterways. About 80 per cent of ocean plastic originates on land. The rest comes from marine industries such as shipping and fishing.

4. In 2015, engineer Jenna Jambeck at the University of Georgia and other researchers calculated that at least 8 million tons of plastic trash are swept into the ocean from coasts every year. That's the equivalent of a full garbage truck of plastic being dumped into the sea every minute. If current trends in plastic production and disposal continue, that figure will double by 2025. A report published by the World Economic Forum last year predicts that by 2050, ocean plastic will outweigh all the fish in the sea.

Section A (Reading)

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5. In today’s world, plastic is everywhere. It’s found in shoes, clothing, household items, electronics, and more. There are different types of plastics, but one thing they all have in common is that they’re made of polymers – large molecules made up of repeating units. Their chemical structure gives them a lot of advantages: they’re cheap and easy to manufacture, lightweight, water-resistant, durable, and can be moulded into nearly any shape.

6. Unfortunately, some of the properties that make plastics great for consumer goods also make them a problem pollutant. Plastic's durability comes in part from the fact that unlike paper or wood, it doesn't biodegrade, or break down naturally. Instead, it just fragments or breaks into tiny pieces over time. These tiny pieces, known as microplastics, can potentially stick around for hundreds or perhaps even thousands of years.

7. Another problem with plastics is the other chemicals they contain, like dyes and flame retardants. When plastic isn’t disposed of properly, these additives end up in the environment. Plastic also tends to absorb harmful chemicals from its surroundings. “It’s like a sponge for persistent organic pollutants.” These long-lasting, toxic substances include pesticides and industrial chemicals. If plastic absorbs the chemicals, and marine organisms eat the plastic, they may be exposed to higher concentrations of these contaminants.

8. One of the biggest impacts of plastic pollution is its effect on sea life. Seals, sea turtles, and even whales can become entangled in plastic netting. They can starve to death if the plastic restricts their ability to move or eat. Or the plastic can cut into the animals’ skin, causing wounds that develop severe infections.

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9. Sea turtles eat plastic bags and soda-can rings, which resemble jellyfish, their favourite food. Seabirds eat bottle caps or chunks of foam cups. Plastic pieces may make an animal feel full, so it doesn’t eat enough real food to get the nutrients it needs. Plastic can also block an animal’s digestive system, making it unable to eat.

10. Plastic and its associated pollutants can even make it into our own food supply. Scientists recently examined fish and shell-fish bought at markets in California and Indonesia. They found plastic in the guts of more than a quarter of samples purchased at both locations. In organisms that people eat whole, such as sardines and oysters that means we’re eating plastic too. In larger fish, chemicals from plastic may seep into their muscles and other tissues that people consume.

11. One way to keep the ocean cleaner and healthier is through cleanup efforts. A lot of plastic waste caught in ocean currents eventually washes up on beaches. Removing it can prevent it from blowing out to sea again. Beach clean-up is ocean clean-up.

12. Cleanup efforts can’t reach every corner of the ocean or track down every bit of microplastic. That means it’s critical to cut down on the amount of plastic that reaches the sea in the first place. Scientists are working toward new materials that are safer for the environment. For example, Jambeck and her colleagues are currently testing a new polymer that breaks down more easily in seawater.

13. “Individual actions make a big difference,” says Jambeck. Disposing of plastic properly for recycling or trash collection is a key step. “And simple things like reusable water bottles, mugs, and bags really cut down on waste,” she says. Skipping straws or using paper ones helps too.

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Ocean pollution can seem overwhelming, but it’s something everyone can help address. This is a problem we can really do something about.

1.1 On the basis of your understanding of the above passage, answer each of the questions given below by choosing the most appropriate option:

(i) Percentage of ocean plastic that originates from land is:

(a) 20% (b) 50% (c) 80% (d) 25%

(ii) In which year did Jenna Jambeck and other researchers calculate that at least 8 million tons of plastic trash is swept into the ocean every year?

(a) 2018 (b) 2015 (c) 2005 (d) 2010

(iii) Plastic is not biodegradable because it is made up of:

(a) Low atomic particles (b) Tiny Particles

(c) Strong big particles (d) Large molecule polymers

(iv) Sea turtles eat:

(a) Plastic bottles

(b) Plastic bags and soda-can rings

(c) Bottle caps (d) Chunks of foam cups

(v) Scientists bought fish and shell-fish for examination at markets in:

(a) China and Russia (b) Pakistan and Afghanistan

(c) California and Indonesia

(d) Australia and Brazil

1×5=5

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1.2 Answer the following questions briefly:

(i) Which articles made of plastic generally cause pollution in the sea?

(ii) How does plastic in oceans harm marine ecosystems?

(iii) How are microplastics formed?

(iv) Why is plastic compared to a sponge?

(v) What is the biggest impact of plastic pollution on sea life?

(vi) How are scientists trying to reduce plastic pollutants?

1.3 Answer any three of the following questions in 25-30 words each:

(i) How does plastic waste enter the oceans?

(ii) How is it true to say that plastic is everywhere in today’s world?

(iii) Which property of plastic makes it a problem pollutant?

(iv) What has scientist Jambeck suggested for having cleaner and healthier oceans?

1.4 Pick out the words/phrases from the passage which are similar in meaning to the following:

(i) Unspoiled (para 1)

(ii) Long lasting (para 5)

(iii) People working together (para 12)

1×6=6

2×3=6

1×3=3

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2. Read the passage given below:

1. Getting enough sleep is as important as taking time out to relax. A good night’s sleep is essential for preserving the health of your brain and gives you the best chance to meet the coming day with a razor-sharp mind. An average person needs about six to eight hour sleep a night – although it is also true that you need slightly less than this, as you grow older-another advantage of ageing stress and sleep deprivation often feed on each other, since stress tends to make it harder for you to fall asleep at night and sleep deprivation in itself causes stress.

2. Eventually, too little sleep can dramatically interfere with the performance of your memory – something you obviously want to prevent. If you are not getting enough sleep, try going to bed 30 to 60 minutes earlier than your normal bedtime for a few days. Lie down on the bed and try to relax by dissociating yourself from your daily routine work. This is normally enough to catch up on any sleep deprivation.

3. If, however, you suffer from insomnia you should seek the advice of your doctor. The chances are it is already affecting your ability to remember and recall information – and if you are struggling to improve your memory scores, this could be at the root of your problem. Prolonged periods of insufficient sleep can deplete your immune system, make you more accident prone and even cause depression – this can also reinforce a more negative outlook on life, which can contribute to your stress burden. The good news is that your memory and mood should automatically improve once you improve your sleep patterns. Tackle your sleep issues and everything else should fall into place.

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4. Because stress management is so essential to maximize your brain power, if you are not in the habit of setting aside time to relax, make it a priority to do so. Even a minute or two of deep breathing can start to work wonders. Often the best ideas and memories can come to you when you are in a state of relaxation as it is during these moments that your brain stores, processes and plays with the information it has received.

5. Meditation has long been part of religious and spiritual life, especially in Asia. Today, more and more people are adopting it in Western countries also, for its value in developing peace of mind and lowering stress. There is some evidence that regular meditation can have real sleep gain and health benefits particularly in terms of protecting your brain against ageing.

2.1 On the basis of your understanding of the above passage, make notes on it using headings and subheadings. Use recognizable abbreviations (wherever necessary – minimum four) and a format you consider suitable. Also supply an appropriate title to it.

2.2 Write a summary of the above passage in about 100 words.

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Section B (Advanced Writing Skills)

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3. You are Principal of National Public School, Jaipur. You require a TGT (Maths) for your school. Draft a suitable advertisement in not more than 50 words for the ‘Situations Vacant’ column of ‘The National Times’ stating essential and desirable qualifications, experience etc. of the candidates.

Arts Club of your school is going to organize a drawing and painting competition. Write a notice in not more than 50 words, to be displayed on the school notice board, inviting students to participate in it. Give all the necessary details. You are Rishabh/Ridhima, Secretary, Arts Club, Sunrise Public School, Gurugram, and Haryana.

4. You have realized the necessity of education and financial independence of women for their family, society and in turn for the nation. Write a letter to the Editor, ‘The National Times’ highlighting your ideas on the importance of education of women leading to a better status for them. You are Tarun/Taruna, B-7/9, Mall Road, Delhi.

OR

You bought a refrigerator two months ago from Mohan Sales, Ashok Vihar, Bangalore. It has developed certain problems regarding its functioning. Cooling has stopped and it is making a lot of noise. Write a letter of complaint to the Manager asking him for immediate repair/replacement of the same. You are Sachin/Shashi, 61 Pratap Enclave, Bangalore. (100-125 words)

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5. Write a debate in 150 – 200 words either for or against the motion: ‘Capital Punishment should be abolished’.

OR

Regular practice of yoga is useful in maintaining good health. It is also important for good concentration and peace of mind. You are Shivam/Shabnam. Write a speech in 150 – 200 words to be delivered in the morning assembly of your school, highlighting the impact of yoga in our life.

6. Hard work and punctuality are essential for a happy and successful life. They help in meeting the desired targets of our life. You are Kavya/Kanha. Write an article in 150 – 200 words highlighting the importance of hard work and punctuality in a student’s life.

OR

In your locality, a blood donation camp was organized by an NGO – ‘For Your Health'. Many people visited the camp and donated blood. Write a report in 150 – 200 words for a local newspaper covering the arrangements, doctors' team, and refreshment served etc.

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Section C (Literature : Text Books and Long Reading Text)

7. Read the extract given below and answer the questions that follow:

I looked again at her, wan, pale

As a late winter’s moon and felt that old

Familiar ache, my childhood’s fear,

But all I said was, see you soon, Amman,

All I did was smile and smile and smile …

(i) Name the poet and the poem.

(ii) What was the poet’s childhood fear?

(iii) What is the poetic device used in lines 1- 2?

(iv) Explain: ‘late winter’s moon’.

…… The stunted, unlucky heir

Of twisted bones, reciting a father’s gnarled disease,

His lesson, from his desk. At back of the dim class

One unnoted, sweet and young. His eyes live in a dream,

Of squirrel’s game, in tree room, other than this.

(i) Who is the unlucky heir?

(ii) What has he inherited?

(iii) Who is sitting at the back of the dim class?

(iv) How is he different from rest of the class?

OR

1×4=4

40

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8. Answer any four of the following questions in 30-40 words each:

(i) Who did M. Hamel blame for the neglect of learning on the part of boys like Franz?

(ii) How did the instructor turn Douglas into a swimmer?

(iii) Why do you think Gandhiji considered the Champaran episode to be a turning point in his life?

(iv) What made the chief astrologer place his finger on his nose?

(v) How did the writer indicate that Dr Sadao's father was a very traditional and conventional man?

(vi) How does Jo want the story to end? Why?

9. Answer any one of the following in 120-150 words:

(i) “Seemapuri, a place on the periphery of Delhi yet miles away from it, metaphorically.” Explain.

(ii) ‘The Rattrap’ focuses on human loneliness and the need to bond with others. Comment.

(iii) Attempt a character sketch of Sophie as a girl who lives in her dreams.

10. Answer any one of the following in 120 – 150 words:

(i) Derry and Mr Lamb both are victims of physical impairment, but their attitudes towards life are completely different. Elaborate.

(ii) Write a character sketch of the Governor of Oxford Prison based on the story, ‘Evans Tries an O-Level’.

(iii) Why did Bama stroll in the market place instead of hurrying back home? Describe the sights she enjoyed seeing there.

3×4=12

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11. Answer any one of the following questions in 120 – 150 words:

(i) Why was Mrs. Hall happy to have a guest at ‘Coach and Horses' Inn? How did the stranger behave at the inn?

(ii) Describe Mr. Marvel's meeting with the mariner at Port Stowe. What kind of person was the mariner?

(iii) How did Dunstan Cass meet his end?

(iv) Describe the circumstances under which Silas Marner had to leave Lantern Yard.

12. Answer any one of the following questions in 120 – 150 words:

(i) How does the novel, ‘The Invisible Man’ highlight the theme of corruption of morals in the absence of social restrictions?

(ii) Compare and contrast Griffin (the invisible man) and Dr Kemp as scientists and also as members of society.

(iii) George Eliot has portrayed Godfrey as a morally weak character. Comment.

(iv) In ‘Silas Marner’, describe the role of Dolly Winthrop.

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1. 1.1 (i) (d) 80% (From Paragraph 3, line 3-About 80 percent of ocean plastic originates on land.)

(ii) (b) 2015 (Paragraph 4, line 1- In 2015, engineer Jenna Jambeck at the University of Georgia and other researchers calculated that at least 8 million tons of plastic trash are swept into the ocean from coasts every year)

(iii) (d) large molecule polymers (Paragraph 5, line 2- There are different types of plastics, but one thing they all have in common is that they’re made of polymers – large molecules made up of repeating units.)

(iv) (b) Plastic bags and soda – can rings (Paragraph 9. Line 1- Sea turtles eat plastic bags and soda-can rings.)

(v) (d) California and Indonesia (Paragraph 10, line 2- Scientists recently examined fish and shell-fish bought at markets in California and Indonesia.)

1.2 (i) Articles like plastic bags, bottles, straws, foam beverage cups are disposed to the sea by winds and waterways which generally cause pollution in the sea.

(ii) Plastic harms wildlife and introduces dangerous chemicals into marine ecosystems — communities of organisms interacting with their surroundings

Solutions (Set-1)

Section A (Solutions)

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(iii) Plastics over a long period of time, break down into small fragments which are called microplastics.

(iv) Plastic also tends to absorb harmful chemicals from its surroundings hence, it is compared to a sponge for persistent organic pollutants.

(v) The biggest impacts of plastic pollution on sea life is that Seals, sea turtles, and even whales can become entangled in plastic netting. They can starve to death if the plastic restricts their ability to move or eat.

(vi)Scientists are working towards developing new materials which can be used in place of plastic and are safer for the environment.

1.3 (i) Improperly handled waste material such as plastic bags, bottles, straws, foam beverage cups are disposed to the sea by winds and waterways which generally cause pollution in the sea. Some of it also comes from marine industries such as shipping and fishing.

(ii) Presently, articles made up of plastic such as plastic bags, bottles, straws, foam, etc. have entered into the lives of people all around the world. No industry is devoid from the use of plastic as it is very cheap and durable.

(iii) Plastic doesn't biodegrade or break down naturally. Instead, it just fragments or breaks into tiny pieces over time. These tiny pieces, known as microplastics, can potentially stick around for hundreds or perhaps even thousands of years.

(iv) Scientist Jambeck suggested that for having cleaner and healthier oceans individual actions can make a difference. Disposing of plastic properly for recycling or trash collection can be considered as a key step and simple practices like

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reusable water bottles, mugs, and bags really cut down on waste.

1.4 (i) Pristine (means clean and fresh as if new; in its original condition that is not spoiled.)

(ii) Durable (means strong and able to withstand damage or pressure.)

(iii) Colleagues

2. 2.1 Note Making

IMPORTANCE OF SLEEP

•BENEFITS OF ENOUGH SLEEP

1. Relaxation of body

2. Healthy mind

3. Activeness

4. Stress-free routine

•EFFECTS OF LITTLE SLEEP

1. Poor memory performance

2. Laziness

3. Depletion of the immune system

4. Depression

•MEASURES FOR BETTER SLEEP

1. Consult a doctor for Insomnia.

2. Take nap for relaxation

3. Deep breathing

4. Regular meditation

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2.2 SUMMARY

Enough sleep provides relaxation of the body and also a healthy and peaceful mind. If a person has 6 to 8 hours sleep in a day, he is active and able to work all day without any tiredness. Sleep plays a major role to maintain the balance of our nervous system, therefore, enough sleep leads our mind to be stress-free for a long day. Little sleep is very dangerous as it depletes our immune system which causes memory loss and depression sometimes. The person becomes lazy and cannot work properly.

Insomniac should consult doctors for better cure. Short naps, deep breathing and regular medication can also help a person for sleeping enough and remain healthy.

3. Advertisement

National Public School, Jaipur

MATHS (TGT) TEACHERS REQUIRED

UG TEACHERS with (B.ED/M.ED) and a minimum of 3 years of experience for handling secondary level (CBSE Board) are urgently required.

Section B (Solutions)

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SUBJECT: MATHS

POST: TGT

PAY SCALE: NEGOTIABLE

WALK IN INTERVIEW: MONDAY, 1 JULY 2019

TIMINGS: 10:00 AM ONWARDS

PLEASE BRING YOUR UP TO DATE RESUME AND ORIGINAL DOCUMENTS AT THE TIME OF INTERVIEW. SHORTLISTED CANDIDATES WILL BE INFORMED FOR FURTHER LEVELS OF INTERVIEW.

CONTACT DETAILS: abcDPS56@gmail.com

DPS OFFICE- 01472-268527

Sunrise Public School, Gurugram, Haryana

NOTICE

DRAWING AND PAINTING COMPETITION

DATE- 26.06.2019

This is to inform all the students that a DRAWING AND PAINTING COMPETITION is going to be held in our school on 29.06.2019. Interested students are requested to give their names to their respective class teachers.

TOPIC- “CHILD LABOUR”

TIMINGS- 11:00 a.m. onwards

VENUE- Auditorium hall

For more details contact the undersigned.

Ridhima

Secretary, Arts Club

OR

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4. Formal Letter

Tarun

B-7/9, Mall Road

Delhi

Date- 24/06/2019

To,

The Editor

The National Times, Delhi

Subject-“Importance of Women Education”

Sir,

I am writing to you to express my views on the importance of women education in our society.

Women empowerment has been a major process which has provided most of the women of our country a suitable platform of opportunities. Girl Education plays an essential role against gender discrimination, injustice and inequality among the women of our country.

From ancient times, the evils practices that had been privileged for a long time were only because of the low literacy rate of women. Women were not educated enough to realize their self-worth. Girls were supposed to be taught as home workers only. Only education can make them self-dependent both emotionally and financially that can work and live according to their wishes. Education provides knowledge and power to achieve the goals of your life.

Our country is a developing country in which the women education is one of the major factors for its reputation so far as the maximum percentage of the world’s youth girl child is

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present in our country. Surely, empowering women with education is the best investment a nation can make.

I would really appreciate if you could find a space in your daily column to publish my views so that we all can promote women education leading to a better status for them and the welfare of the society.

Thanking You,

Yours truly,

Tarun

Sachin

61 Pratap Enclaves, Bangalore

Date- 26/06/2019

To,

The Manager

Mohan Sales, Ashok Vihar

Bangalore

Subject-“Immediate repair/replacement of Refrigerator”

Sir,

The whirlpool 190 L Single Door Refrigerator, which I bought two months ago on 2nd April 2019, has developed certain problems regarding its functioning.

Cooling has been stopped and it also has started making a lot of noise. As it is still under the original manufacturer’s warranty, I request you an immediate repair or replacement of it.

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I am enclosing the sales invoice along with the warranty number. Please deliver the repaired or replaced item to the given address.

Thankyou,

Sincerely,

Sachin

5. Debate

“Capital Punishment should be abolished”

In Favor: From the perspective of the family of a convict/criminal who has been served the sentence of the death penalty is surely the most inhuman way to punish any person. In fact, studies and many investigations have proved that capital punishment may or may not be a deterrent for crime. Moreover, capital punishment is actually more expensive than keeping an inmate in prison even for life. While defending a death penalty case can cost a high price to the family than defending a case not seeking death.

Capital punishment has been taken into account to punish the criminal severely that would bring closure and relief to victims' families. But does it really happen? In fact sentencing the criminal to death has been shown to make victims feel worse as rather than being dead they want the convict to suffer for lifelong imprisonment and feel remorse for his crime. Also due to endless court appeals, the death penalty cases drag on for years which makes very difficult for the victims’ families to heal and come out from the incident.

In Against: Capital Punishment is the only irrevocable penalty that prevents criminals from doing another crime. There have been a countless number of cases where criminals have murdered innocent people even after being imprisoned by

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their anti-social resources so the death penalty surely guarantees that the convicted will never murder again. Moreover, according to the law of justice, the murderer should be hanged till death in order to provide justice and relief to the victims' families who have lost their loved ones without any reason. To maintain the dignity and emotions of the innocent lives, death penalties should be encouraged more strictly. Also, such strict laws promote safety to the citizens of the nation and such enforcement of laws are a lesson for those anti-social elements who do not even hesitate to take the life of any naive person.

Speech

“Impact of YOGA In daily life”

Very good morning to all of you. Today myself Shivam from class XII is going to express my views on the topic “Impact of YOGA In daily life”.

Practicing yoga in your daily life provides you with a healthy body with a healthy mind. The energy acquires from the postures bring both mental peace and physical balance. To gain strength, increasing flexibility and attaining spirituality, yoga is the foremost method to achieve them. The breathing practices or asanas play a major role in the balance of our body. The meditation also helps us keep our mind fresh and our body fit and healthy for the long run.

There are different types of Yoga that are specially tailored to suit the different needs of people. Yoga helps us way beyond than just burning the calories and toning down our muscles. It includes a complete workout like stretching and strengthening poses, deep breathing, relaxation and meditation. Beautiful glowing skin, a well-built, flexible body, regulated weight and

OR

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a calm mind- the benefits of yoga include all this and so much more. So everyone must practice yoga and make it a part of their daily routine.

Thank you!

6. Article

“Importance of hard work and punctuality in a student’s life”

Hard work and punctuality is the key to get success in life. In the student's life, the importance of both is very exemplary. Students are taught to be disciplined and to be on time for a genuine reason because success deserves those who care for the value of time. A student who has a habit of doing things on time never fails. Being punctual saves you from unnecessary troubles. Being on time helps them to get rid of laziness and negative attitude.

Achievements without hard work are impossible. An idle student can never gain happiness and success in his/her life and will always blame time or other people for their failures but hardworking people never give up even after experiencing failures in their life. Work is a privilege and a pleasure to those who don't consider work as a burden. Working is a part of living which is considered as worship. Students who work hard and make the best use of their time can really achieve their dreams which they have aimed for.

Report Writing

26th June 2019

Times of India

OR

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A blood donation camp was successfully organized by an NGO – ‘For Your Health' in our locality. A team of well-experienced doctors were organizing the camp and the arrangements done by them were excellent. Lots of young people mostly villagers participated and donated blood after the exemplary speech of the head doctor who spread awareness among the people about the importance of donating blood every year that how it can really save a person's life. After the donation, people were provided bananas and juices for keeping them healthy. The names of the donors were registered and also published in the newspaper. This gesture had really motivated many other people to donate blood and become the reason for anyone's life. The camp came to an end with the sharing of lunch.

Reported by

ABC

7. (i) The name of the poem is ‘My Mother at Sixty-Six’ and the poet is Kamala Das.

(ii) In her childhood, the poet felt insecure about losing her mother, just as all the young children do.

(iii) The poetic device used in the line 1-2 is ‘simile’ as the poet compares her mother’s dull face with a late winter’s moon.

(iv) The phrase ‘late winter’s moon’ represents the dull and solemn sight of the moon in a winter’s night.

(i) The unlucky heir here refers to the little boy from the slum.

(ii) The unlucky boy from the slum has inherited a disfigured, gnarled and diseased body.

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(iii) A sweet little boy was sitting at the back of the classroom. He sat completely immersed in his own thoughts, unnoticed and unobserved by all.

(iv) The boy was immersed in some thoughts and the sights outside the classroom instead of paying attention to the teacher present in the classroom.

8. (i) Mr M. Hamel firstly blamed himself for neglect of learning on the part of boys like Franz as he used to send the students to water his plants and take holidays whenever he wanted to go fishing. He also blamed the people of the city Alsace who rather wanted their children to work on farms and earn some money.

(ii) At the start of his training, the instructor put a belt around Douglas. A rope attached to the belt went through a pulley that ran on an overhead cable. The instructor held on to the end of the rope, and they went back and forth. Then the instructor taught Douglas how to breathe continuously while swimming. He also held Douglas at the side of the pool and had him kick

Section C (Solutions)

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with his legs. This is how the instructor turned Douglas into a swimmer.

(iii) Gandhi went to Champaran in 1917 and it was then that he decided to insist on the British leaving India. There he arranged a gathering of peasants in huge numbers which were the beginning of their freedom from of the British. The peasants realized that they had rights and they could protest against the British rule. Gandhiji regarded the Champaran incident as a turning point in his life as it was the first time when he realized the power of collective protest of the Indian peasants against the British rulers.

(iv) In the story ‘The Tiger King’ after listening the ten days old prince speak, the Chief Astrologer made the gesture of placing a finger on his nose as he was surprised to the core as he had never heard a ten days old child speak.

(v) The writer of the story ‘The Enemy' pens down the character of Dr Sadao's father as a very traditional and conventional man. For Dr Sadao's father culture and old traditions of Japan were very important. Also, Sadao's father wants him to get marry a pure Japanese girl in the old Japanese way. He made sure that Hana is a pure Japanese girl before allowing his son to marry her.

(vi) Jo was not convinced with the ending of the story which was told by her father in which the mother of a skunk got angry at her child for changing his bad smell to the smell of roses. According to her, neither Roger Skunk nor the wizard was wrong in the story. Jo refused to accept the end where Roger Skunk's mother gets angry at her child and hits the wizard. She wanted the story to end with the wizard hitting back the mother skunk with his magic wand.

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9. (i) By the statement "Seemapuri, a place on the periphery of Delhi yet miles away from it, metaphorically" Author meant that although Seemapuri existed at the periphery of a well - developed city, Delhi was indeed very underdeveloped. Delhi, being the capital of the country offered all the basic necessities and privileges to its residents whereas, Seemapuri lacked in providing the basic necessities to its residents. It was a settlement of rag pickers. Those who live here are squatters who came from Bangladesh back in 1971. Seemapuri was occupied by 10,000 rag pickers who lived in structures of mud, with roofs of tin and tarpaulin, devoid of sewage, drainage or running water.

(ii) The story ‘Rattrap’ focuses on human loneliness and the need to bond with others. All the characters which are described in the story are shown to be living a lonely life and seek some kind of companionship. As described in the story, the peddler himself led a very sad, monotonous and lonely life. He used to wander around the woods all by himself with no one else present whom he could talk to. The old crofter was also alone in his old cottage with no wife or child. He welcomes the peddler with all enthusiasm and happiness so that he can talk to somebody. The ironmaster and his daughter Edla also invites the peddler to celebrate Christmas Eve at his home so that they could have a guest in their home with whom they can create some kind of bond.

(iii) Sophie has been portrayed as the central character in the story ‘Going Places’. She perfectly represents the girls of her age who live in poor families. Sophie always lives in a dream world, dreaming impossible things. Instead of accepting the harsh reality of her family’s financial condition, she still dreams of having a boutique of her own. She also makes up the story of meeting Danny Casey, a charming and upcoming footballer. Neither her family nor her friends believe her and tell her that

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it might be just one of her stupid dreams. She gets so immersed in her imagination that in order to convince other people that she had actually met a renowned footballer she makes up another story that she has fixed a date with him. She is so lost in her dreams that she actually goes to the canal and waits for him. She becomes extremely sad when he doesn’t show up.

10. (i) In the story ‘On the Face of it’, Derry is described as a dejected and disappointed young boy who has suffered a misfortune by getting his face eaten by acid. By the response which he received from people after seeing his face, he developed a complex and negative attitude towards life. He is defiant and withdrawn. He does not trust people to be his friends and begins to think that no one will ever love him except his mother.

Mr. Lamb, on the other hand, doesn't let his disability to come his way. He has developed a positive attitude towards life. In spite of children teasing him and making fun of him, he keeps his door open so that anyone can come who wishes to meet him. He tells Derry that he has friends everywhere.

(ii) At the start, the Governor of the HM Prison, Oxford appears to be a considerate and kind-hearted man as he arranges for an O-level language exam for a prisoner notorious for his ability to escape from the prison. However, he is quite sceptical of Evans and makes every arrangement to make sure that Evans doesn't escape. He is also rather proud and self-conscious from his prison. The Governor has the presence of mind which is clear from the fact that he cross-examines every call that was made to the prison that day. He is intelligent enough to realize that he has been duped but could not judge the extent of the deception. He gets a little over-confident

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when he tells himself that Evans had no chance of escaping. At last when Evans tricks him again and makes a final escape. His overconfidence and self-praise let him down.

(iii) Bama never liked going straight to home after leaving her school. She liked to stroll around the market place instead of hurrying back home as the markets were filled with sights which she thoroughly enjoyed. She used to take thirty minutes to reach her home from school though she could be there in ten minutes. In the way, she used to see snake charmers, vegetable sellers, dancing monkeys, political processions, pedalling cyclists and so on. She used to take a keen interest in all the activities which were happening on her way home.

11. (i) Mrs Hall felt really happy to have a guest at ‘Coach and Horses' inn as there were not many guests staying at the Inn at that time of the season. As the stranger paid all his bills punctually and also paid in advance for his room. It made Mrs Hall quite happy. However, the stranger's arrival in the Iping created a curious impression. He used to argue with Mrs Hall on matters of domestic discipline. He told her to come to inside his room only on his permission. The stranger never went to church and used to wear the same clothes hiding his face and complete body. He never talked to anyone at the inn. His temper was uncertain. He rarely left his room during daylight and used to travel only on nights. He chose the loneliest paths and those most overshadowed by trees.

(ii) Mr Marvel met the Mariner at Port Stowe who was an elderly sailor in Port Burdock. The Mariner got to know about the story of an invisible man roaming the city of Iping while reading a newspaper. He discusses the chaos created by Invisible Man in Iping with Mr Marvel. He is worried and uncomfortable as Invisible Man can roam anywhere and can

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hurt anyone. However, Mr Marvel says the news is a hoax, which makes the mariner furious and the two of them gets engaged in a verbal fight which makes Marvel run away and leaves the mariner offended. Mariner seemed to be a righteous but short-tempered individual who although wishes to protect the society by catching the invisible man, however, becomes too furious at Mr Marvel when declared the news as a hoax.

(iii) Dunstan was not a good character in the story. He was a liar, a blackmailer, a thief and really an unkind person. His family background was also described by the author which was the actual cause for such personality of Dunstan. His mother died when he was young and his father was not much of a father as he had kept all his sons at home in idleness. The narrator didn't clearly explain the passing away of him but surely he would die because of the evil actions that had taken him down.

(iv) Silas Marner had to leave Lantern Yard and move to Raveloe in shame as he was falsely accused of stealing from his church. When Silas moved to Raveloe, he left behind a full life in Lantern Yard and a community who once viewed Silas as a young man with a lot of potentials. After William Dane frames Silas for theft, Silas lost the respect of his community as well as his own innocent faith in humanity and the woman he once loved. He left Lantern Yard in order to give himself a chance for starting a new life in Raveloe. However, Silas's life in Raveloe was isolated, as he chose to concentrate on his work and the earning of gold. He lived away from the community and away from any kind of lively interaction with other people. These choices made him felt quite lonely.

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12. (i) The novel ‘The Invisible Man’ by H.G. Wells portrays the problem of depleting social obligation and absence of social restrictions and morals in the people. H.G. Wells used the protagonist of the novel to bring out this theme. Griffin is a brilliant scientist who does many experiments and who has succeeded in getting himself invisible in the process. However, throughout the course of his experiments, he displays no compassion for the cat who suffers miserably as Griffin does experiments on it.

Later on in the story, he robs his own father who commits suicide as the money was not his. Instead of feeling guilty, he justifies his action by calling his father a sentimental fool. He floats all social restrictions and norms by stealing, cheating and even killing people. All his actions stemmed from his desire to save himself, with not a thought about the pain he inflicted on others His actions exhibit how morally degraded and self-centred he has become.

(ii) Mr Griffin and Dr.Kemp both are brilliant scientists however, they are totally different from each other. Griffin is a man of irritable temper. Griffin who had no respect for the law or the people living around him misuses his scientific knowledge. He discovers a rare drug that can make one invisible. Being impatient by nature, he himself takes the drug and becomes invisible. After being invisible he gets involved in many activities such as stealing, cheating and even killing people. Finally, He loses all his conscience and wishes to unleash a Reign of Terror on mankind.

On the other hand, Dr.Kemp is a disciplined and law-abiding man. He loves to remain idealistic and non-interfering. He is cool and methodical. He is too scientific to believe in the existence of an invisible man. Kemp is not unscrupulous at all like Griffin. When Griffin tries to enlist him into his plan of unleashing the Reign of Terror on mankind, he turns against

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him. He is full of the milk of human kindness. He puts his own life on risk to save his country from falling into the trap of wicked Griffin.

(iii) Godfrey Cass is portrayed as a coward without any courage. He is shown as a man without any moral principles however, he is not an evil person. He had no desire to harm people. He preferred to avoid conflicts. George Eliot does not offer much insight into his character, his early marriage fell apart and it is referred as it was not his fault. He is described as an unsettled man, afraid of taking tough decisions and lets others take charge of his life. The weakness and moral incompetency of his character are provided as a reason for his failure to act upon his good intentions. In the novel, in the end, however, Godfrey's is shown to self-realize his downfall as a parent and his failure as a parent for not performing his duty for his daughter but that does not bring any closure to the events.

(iv) A village woman who befriends Silas Marner, Dolly is a persistent friend to Marner and the person to whom he turns for help and advice after he adopts Eppie. Dolly is overflowing with kindness and local wisdom. She coaches him on how to care for Eppie, and she strongly urges him to be sure the baby is baptized and receives religious instruction. Gently, she makes suggestions and allows Silas to care for the child on his own.

Silas Marner takes Dolly's advice to heart, and the baby is christened. Dolly is selfless and spends her time and energy in helping others. She is also a formidable mother to little Aaron and attempts to teach Marner how best to discipline Eppie. One day, Dolly warns Silas not to spoil Eppie, but Silas cannot bring himself to make the "soft and safe places" of Eppie "tingle." Dolly suggests Silas put Eppie in the coal hole for a while. This form of punishment becomes ineffective because

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Eppie thinks the coal hole is fun. As a result, Silas uses patience instead of punishments to raise Eppie. Silas takes her with him when he delivers his linen, and he stops to chat with his customers, who discuss child-rearing with him. Eppie becomes all Silas's hope and joy, and, therefore, raising her is easy for him.

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