english grammar omtex classes

8/8/2019 English Grammar Omtex Classes

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ENGLISH GRAMMAR IN USE

A SELF STUDY AND PRACTICE BOOK FOR

OMTEX - CLASSES STUDENTS

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OMTEX CLASSES

y Present Tense Sentencesy Simpley Continuousy Perfecty PerfectContinuous

1. SimplePresent TenseSentences

[3rdPerson + Presenttense + Singular Verb + s]

1. I gotocollege.2. I readalesson.3. I eatanapple.4. Rajasingsasong.5. Sunrisesintheeast.6. Sunsetsinthe west.7. Theyjump.8. Heopensthedoor.9. Yourunaway.10. Herunsaway.11. He walkstothegarden.

2. PresentContinuous TenseSentences

is singular

am I

are plural

1. I amspeaking.2. Rajuiseating.3. Youaresleeping.4. Theyare watching T.V.5. Weareplayingfoodball.

3. PresentPerfect TenseSentences.

1. I havecutmynose.2. I havegivenmoney.3. I haveahouse4. Wehavebrought.5. Hehassentit.6. Shehassunk.7. Ithasbroken.8. Theyhavetaken.

4. PresentPerfectcontinuous TenseSentences.

1. I havebeengivingmoney.2. I havebeenlisteningmusic.3. Shehasbeenreading.4. Hehasbeenrunning.5. Theyhavebeen watchingmovie.y Past TenseSentences

y Simpley Continuous

y Perfecty PerfectContinuous

1. SimplePast TenseSentences

1. I wenttocollege.2. I readalesson.3. I ateanapple.4. Rajasangasong.5. I studiedthelesson.6. Heopenedthedoor.7. Yourunaway.8. Dogbarked.9. I saw abook.10. Hecamefromschool.11. Hesaidto Raja.12. I receivedamessage.13.

Rajadancedbeautifully.14. They workedhard.

15. Youcaught.2. PastContinuous TenseSentences.

1. I wasspeaking2. Raju wassending.3. You wereteaching.4. They werecoming.5. We weredancing.6. He wasthinking.

3. PastPerfect TenseSentences.

1. Thesunhadset.2. Theshow hadbegun.3. I hadcutmyhair.4. PastPerfectContinuous Tensesentences.

1. I hadbeeneating.2. I hadbeenlistening.3. Shehadbeenrunning.4. Theyhadbeenreading.5. Youhadbeenjumping.y Future TenseSentences

y Simpley Continuousy Perfecty PerfectContinuous

1. SimpleFuture TenseSentences.

1. I shallgotocollege.2. I shallstudytomorrow.


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3. Weshallcome.4. You willrun.5. He willopen.6. She willsing.7. Weshalleat.8. It willcome.9. Raju willsing.10. Rajasillcome.

2. FutureContinuous TenseSentences.

1. He willbeeating.2. I shallbegoing.3. They willbedancing.4. They willbegoing.5. Raja willbeacting.6. Weshallbesinging.

7. Rose willbe winningtherace.3. FuturePerfect TenseSentences.

1. I shallhaveeatentomorrow.2. I shallhave writtenmyexercise.3. They willhavebrokenthecar.4. We willhaveknown.5. Weshallhavegonetomorrow.

4. FuturePerfectContinuous TenseSentences.

1. I shallhavebeeneating.2. Raju willhavebeenreading.3. Raja willhavebeenstudying.4. They willhavebeen writing.5. Raja willhavebeendoing.

I. Use ableto / unableto

Can = Present Tense

Could = Past Tense

1. I canplay. (Useableto)Ans. I amabletoplay.

2. I couldplay (Useableto)

Ans. I wasabletoplay.

3. Hecouldtellme. (Useableto)

Ans. He wasabletotellme.

4. Theycouldtellme. (Useableto)

Ans. They wereabletotellme.

5. Shecan work. (Useableto)Ans. Sheisableto work.

6. I can writealetter.

Ans. I amableto writealetter.

7. Shecouldeatamango.

Ans. She wasabletoeatamango.

8. Shecouldnoteatsandwich.

Ans. She wasunabletoeatsandwich.

9. I cannotdance.

Ans. I amunabletodance.

10. I cannot writeanessay.

Ans. I amunableto writeanessay.

II. Removetoo

too very,excessively,extremelytoo to so that cannot/couldnot

Presenttense,is,am,are cannot.

Pasttense, was, were couldnot.

1. Itistoohotoutside.

Ans. Itisveryhotoutside.

2. Thesebooksaretooexpensive.

Ans. Thesebooksareveryexpensive.

3. Rajaistoofondofsweets.Ans. Rajaisextremelyfondofsweets.

4. Itistoosour.Ans. IT isverysour.

5. Theking wastooinfallible (perfect)tomakeamistake.

Ans. Theking wassoinfalliblethathecouldnotmakea

mistake.

6. I amtootiredtothinkofanything.

Ans. I amsotiredthat I cannotthinkofanything.

7. Hespoketoofasttobeunderstood.

Ans. Hespokesofastthatonecouldnotunderstand.

8. Heistooproudtobeg.

Ans. Heissoproudthathecannotbeg.


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OMTEX CLASSES

9. Hitlerwastoocrueltosparethe Jews.

Ans. Hitlerwassocruelthathecouldnotsparethe Jews.

10. TheChiefMinisterMr. Raja wastoobusytogiveusanappointment.

Ans. TheChiefMinisterMr. Raja wassobusythathecould

notgiveusanappointment.

11. Parentsnow daysaretoobusytopayattentiontotheir

childreneducation.

Ans. Parentsnow daysaresobusythattheycannotpay

attentiontotheirchildreneducation.

12. Itbecametoodarktoreadeasily.Ans. Itbecamesodarkthatonecouldnotreadeasily.

13. I too wonatickettogotocinema.

Ans. I also wonatickettogotocinema.

14. Hetoogotitright.

Ans. Healsogotitright.

III. Makesentences usingthegiven words as

noun as well asverbs.

Noun = Nameofplace,animal,things.

Verbs = Action.

1. Hand2.

Can3. Lock

4. Cook5. Work6. Visit7. Name8. Right9. Hold10. Return11. Offer12. Look13. Shop14. Produce15. Form16. Try17. leady Handmethetowel. (verb)y Aishwaryashandisbeautiful. (noun)y Youcandothis. (verb)y Thecanisfullofwater. (Noun)y Lockthedoor,beforeyouleave. (verb)y Keyis withthelock. (noun)

y Mymothercooksfood. (verb)y Heisapopularcook. (noun)y He worksincallcentre. (verb)y I havelotofworktodo. (noun)y Hevisitstothe zoo. (verb)y Heearnedgoodname. (Noun)y I namethiscat. (verb)y Rightthecorrectone. (verb)y Takeright. (noun)y Holdthepen. (verb)y I didnthaveanyhold. (noun)y I returnthebook. (verb)y I havenoreturn. (noun)y Thecompaniesofferdiscount. (verb)y Itisagoodoffer. (noun)y I amlookingyou. (verb)y Yourlookisbeautiful. (noun)y Rajashopsvegetables. (verb)y Heopenedtheshop. (noun)y Ragavanproducedafilm. (verb)y Thefarmersstoretheirproduce. (noun)y Ambaniformedacompany. (verb)y I amunabletofilltheform. (noun)y I triedalot. (verb)y Hegaveitalasttry. (noun)y Heleadsmeintherace. (verb)y Leadisametal. (noun)

IV. Opposites withPrefixed andsuffixes.

1. ablexunable (prefix)2. completexincomplete3. properximproper4. guidexmisguide5. regularxirregular6. ordinaryxextraordinary7. socialxanti social8. legalxillegal9. encouragexdiscourage10. interiorxexterior11. agreexdisagree12. carefulxcareless (suffix)13. fearfulxfearless14. appearxdisappear15. directxindirect16. perfectximperfect17. septicxantiseptic18. abilityxinability19. usefulxuseless20. importantxunimportant21. callxmiscall22. nationalxinternational


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OMTEX CLASSES

23. correctxincorrect24. pureximpure25. obeyxdisobey26. understandxmisunderstand27. literatexilliterate28. warxantiwar29. clearxunclear30. willing xunwilling31. pleasantxunpleasant32. romanticxunromantic33. developedxundeveloped34. equalxunequal35. definitexindefinite36. awarexunaware37. respectxdisrespect38. patient ximpatient39. responsiblexirresponsible40. lockxunlock41. cyclonexanti cyclone42. likexdislike

43. continuexdiscontinue44. restlessxrestful45. justicexinjustice46. experiencedxinexperienced47. valuablexvalueless48. successfulxunsuccessful49. necessaryxunnecessary50. maximumxminimum51. powerfulxpowerless52. sensitivexinsensitive53. vegetarianxnonvegetarian54. reservedxunreserved55. kindxunkind56. friendlyxunfriendly57. advantagexdisadvantage58. connectxdisconnect59. givexreceive60. normalxabnormal

V. Affirmative andnegativesentences

1. I liketogototheseashore. (Makeitnegative.)Ans. I dontdislikegoingtotheseashore.

2. Helikestogototheseashore.

Ans. Hedontdislikegoingtotheseashore.

3. Theyliketogototheseashore.

Ans. Theydontdislikegoingtotheseashore.

4. Itisuseless.

Ans. Itisnotuseful.

5. Thereislittlehurry.

Ans. Thereisnohurry.

6. Hehadonlyhisdaughterwithhim.

Ans. Hehadnooneexcepthisdaughterwithhim.

7. I donotremember. (Makeitaffirmative)

Ans. I failtoremember.

8. I didnotremember.

Ans. I failedtoremember.

9. Shedoesnotremember.Ans. Shefailstoremember.

VI. Question Tag.

1. I aminmood.

Ans. I aminmood,arent I?

2. Letsgoforpicnic.

Ans. Letsgoforpicnic,shall we?

3. Letusgoforcinema.

Ans. Letusgoforcinema,shall we?

4. Theyalwayscomeintime.

Ans. Theyalwayscomeintime,dontthey?

5. Wesithereeveryday.

Ans. Wesithereeveryday,dont we?

6. Vijaycomeshererightat 5.

Ans. Vijaycomeshererightat 5,doesnthe?

7. Theyreachedhereyesterday.

Ans. Theyreachedhereyesterday,didntthey?

8. Thatgirlgottheprize.

Ans. Thatgirlgottheprize,didntshe?

ASSERTIVE

AFFIRMATIVE/

POSITIVE

NEGATIVE


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OMTEX CLASSES

9. I amnottired.

Ans. I amnottired,am I?

10. Hedoesnotattendtheschool.Ans. Hedoesnotattendtheschool,doeshe?

11. Ranjinevermixes withherclassmates.

Ans. Ranjinevermixes withherclassmates,doesshe?

12. Youshouldnotblamehim.

Ans. Youshouldnotblamehim,shouldyou?

13. I shallgotoschool.Ans. I shallgotoschool,shant I?

14. Wearenottellingthetruth.

Ans. Wearenottellingthetruth,are we?

15. He willgotoschool.

Ans. He willgotoschool, wonthe?

16. Bringmefood.

Ans. Bringmefood, willyou?

17. Show meyourpen.Ans. Show meyourpen, willyou?

18. Staythere.

Ans. Staythere, willyou?

19. Openthedoor.Ans. Openthedoor, willyou?

VII. Exclamatory and Assertive Sentences.1. Whata wonderfulstoryit was! (makeitassertive)

Ans. It wasa wonderfulstory.

2. How naughtyyouare!

Ans. Youareverynaughty.

3. How sweet!

Ans. Itisreallyverysweet.

4. He wasveryslow. (Makeitexclamatory)

Ans. How slow he was!

5. It wasaverylovelypainting.

Ans. Whatalovelypaintingit was!

6. How lucky I was!

Ans. I wasverylucky.

7. Whatalessontobelearnedfrom Wilma!

Ans. It wasindeedagreatlessontobelearnedfrom Wilma.

8. He wasanextraordinaryhumanbeing.

Ans. Whatanextraordinaryhumanbeinghe was!

9. I amquitetired.Ans. How tired I am!

10. I amveryproudofmynicemother.

Ans. Howproud I amofmynicemother!

11. Youareabsolutelyright.

Ans. How rightyouare!

VII. HOMOPHONESHomophonesarethose words whichsoundssimilarbuyhave

meaningandspellingdifferent.1. There,their2. Fair,fare3. Knew,new4. Wright,right5. Sum,some6. Whether, weather7. Principle,principal8. Piece,peace9. Birth,berth10. Hole, whole11. Pray,prey12. Sea,see13. Be,bee14. Where, were15.

Hear,ear16. Our,hour

17. Are,orVIII. Degreeofcomparison.

Positive Comparative Superlative

Sweet

SmallTallBold

CleverKind

Young

BraveFine

HappyGreatEasyWealthy

Hot

ThinSad

FatBeautifulEminent

IndustriousFerocious

Difficult

Sweeter

SmallerTallerBolder

ClevererKinder

Younger

BraverFiner

HappierGreaterEasierWealthier

Hotter

ThinnerSadder

FatterMorebeautifulMoreeminent

MoreindustriousMoreferocious

Moredifficult

Sweetest

SmallestTallestBoldest

CleverestKindest

Youngest

BravestFinest

HappiestGreatestEasiestWealthiest

Hottest

ThinnestSaddest

FattestMostbeautifulMosteminent

MostindustriousMostferocious

Mostdifficult


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OMTEX CLASSES

GoodWellBad

Little

Much

ManyInUpOld

Old

BetterBetterWorse

Lesser

More

MoreInnerUpperElder

Older

BestBestWorst

Least

Most

MostInnermostUppermostEldest

oldest

Positive Comparative Superlative

Noother thananyother thehappiest

Few other/very

few

thanmany/most

other

oneofthetallest

1. Rajiistherichest womanin Mumbai.

Ans. Rajiisricherthananyotherwomanin Mumbai.Nootherwomanin Mumbaiisasrichas Raji.

2. Swami Raja wasoneofthemosteminentdiscipleofustad

Amjat AliKhan.Ans. Veryfew disciplesofustad Amjat AliKhan wereas

eminentasswami Raja.

Swami Raja wasmoreeminentthanmanyotherdisciplesof

ustad Amjat AliKhan.

3. Readingisthebestformofrecreation.

Ans. Readingisbetterthananyotherformofrecreation.

Nootherformofrecreationisasgoodasreading.

4. Australiaisthelargest Island.

Ans. AustraliaislargerthanmanyotherIslands.

NootherIslandisaslargeas Australia.

5. Australiaisoneofthelargest Islands.

Ans. AustraliaislargerthanmanyotherIslands.

Veryfew Islandsareaslargeas Australia.

6. Booksarethebestsourceofknowledge.

Ans. Booksarebetterthananyothersourceofknowledge.

Noothersourceofknowledgeisasgoodasbooks.

7. Ironisstrongerthanmanyothermetals.

Ans. Ironisoneofthestrongestmetals.Veryfew metalsareasstrongas Iron.

8. Nooneisaslazyas Raja.

Ans. Rajaislazierthananyother.

Rajaisthelaziestofall.

Note: - Wheneverthecomparisonismadebetweentwo

personsorthingstheredoesnotexist withsuperlativedegree.

1. Rajaissweeterthan Raji.

Ans. Rajiisnotassweetas Raja.

2. MumbaiisnotleanerthanChennai.

Ans. Chennaiisascleanas Mumbai.

3. Marchisnotashotas June.Ans. Juneishotterthan March.

4. Therosesmellsassweetasthelily.

Ans. Thelilydoesnotsmellsweeterthantherose.

5. Therosesmelledassweetasthelily.

Ans. Thelilydidnotsmellsweeterthantherose.

6. Therosessmellassweetasthelilies.

Theliliesdonotsmellsweeterthantherose.

IX. Changethevoice.

1. I loveAns. I amloved.

2. I warn.Ans. I am warned.

3. Hecalls.

Ans. Heiscalled.

4. Shepermits.

Ans. Sheispermitted.

5. Theycall.

Ans. Theyarecalled.

6. I write.Ans. I am written.

7. Wehelp.

Ans. Wearehelped.

8. Theyask.

Ans. Theyareasked.

9. Rajaloves Raji.

Ans. Rajiislovedby Raja.

10. Vijaylovesus.Ans. Wearelovedby Vijay.

11. Suryalovesme.

Ans. I amlovedbySurya.

12. Thecatkillstherat.

Ans. Theratiskilledbythecat.

13. Thecatskilltherat.


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OMTEX CLASSES

Ans. Theratsarekilledbythecat.

14. Thecatskilltherat.Ans. Theratiskilledbythecats.

15. I writealetter.

Ans. A letteris writtenbyme.

16. I writethoseletters.

Ans. Thoselettersare writtenbyme.

17. Hebroketheglass.

Ans. Theglass wasbrokenbyhim.

18. Hebreakstheglass.Ans. Theglassisbrokenbyhim.

19. TheC.M. receivedtheP.M.

Ans. TheP.M. wasreceivedbytheC.M.

20. Thepeondeliveredtheletters.

Ans. Theletters weredeliveredbythepeon.

21. I closedthedoor.

Ans. Thedoorwasclosedbyme.

22. Raji wrotealetter.

Ans. A letterwas writtenby Raji.

23. He willfinishthe work.

Ans. The workwillbefinishedbyhim.

24. He willfinishthe work.

Ans. The workwillbefinishedbyhim.

25. People willforgetit.

Ans. It willbeforgottenbypeople.

26. I shallinviteyou.

Ans. You willbeinvitedbyme.

27. Thepolice willcatchme.

Ans. I shallbecaughtbythepolice.

28. They willsendme.Ans. I shallbesentbythem.

29. Theyhaveeatenthefruits.

Ans. Thefruitshavebeeneatenbythem.

30. Theyhaveopenedthe window.Ans. The window hasbeenopenedbyme.

31. Hehasdriventhosecars.

Ans. Thosecarshavebeendrivenbyhim.

32. I had writtenaletter.Ans. A letterhadbeen writtenbyme.

33. Shehadpaintedapicture.

Ans. Apicturehadbeenpaintedbyher.

34. Hehadcutthosetrees.

Ans. Thosetreeshadbeencutbyhim.

35. Theteacherhadtaughtthelesson.

Ans. Thelessonhadbeentaughtbytheteacher.

36. Theteacherhadtaughtthelessons.Ans. Thelessonshadbeentaughtbytheteacher.

37. Theteacherwillhavetaughtthelesson.

Ans. Thelesson willhavebeentaughtbytheteacher.

38. Vijay willhavefinishedthetask.

Ans. Thetaskwillhavebeenfinishedby Vijay.

39. Myfriend willhaveboughtagift.

Ans. A gift willhavebeenboughtagift.

40. I shallhave writtenaletter.

Ans. A letterwillhavebeen writtenbyme.

41. I am watchingyou.

Ans. Youarebeing watchedbyme.

42. The Ramanisbuildingthe wall.Ans. The wallisbeingbuiltbythe Raman.

43. Theteacheristeachinganew lesson.

Ans. A new lessonisbeingtaughtbytheteacher.

44. Mymotheriscuttinganapple.

Ans. Applesarebeingcutbymymother.

45. Mymotheriscuttingapples.

Ans. Applesarebeingcutbymymother.

47. Thegardenerwascuttinggrass.

Ans. Grass wasbeingcutbythegardener.

X. Model Auxiliary1. usedtoisusedtoexpressadiscontinuedhabit2. couldisusedforshowingpossibility

3. shallisusedforrequest,intention,promise,permission

4. willisusedforwarning,order,instruction

5. mustisusedforcompulsion,obligation

XI. FigureofSpeech


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1. Personification humanquality2. Alliteration repetitionofsamealphabet3. Repetition repetitionofsame word4. Tautology samemeaning5. Antithesis opposite words6. Hyperbole overstatement7. Interrogation questions8. Exclamation expression9. Inversion jumble words

10. Onomatopoeia soundXII. Whtype questions.

1. Weliveddownstairsofthehospital.Ans. Wheredid welive?


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OMTEX CLASSES

October 96.

1. Youryounger brother whoisstayingin a hostel hasfailedinthe Terminal examination andhas become

nervous. Heisthinkingtogive up studies. Write a letter persuadinghimtocontinuetheefforts andgetsuccess.

7G, Rainbow Colony,M.G.Road,

Mahin (E),

Mumbai - 400 016.

24thFebruary, 2010

Dearbrother,

I hopethisletterofminefindsyouinthepinkofhealth. But whatisthis I hearaboutyou? Areyoureally

seriouslyplanningtogiveupyourstudies,justbecauseyoufailedintheterminalexamination? It wouldthenbearash

decisionmade withoutanyfore-thoughtandcarefulreflection. A solitaryfailureshouldnotdisheartenyou. Itisnottheend

ofthe worldforyouyet. Youmustcountyourblessings. Youarefullofbouncingenergyandverymuchintheprimeofyouryouth. Shouldyoudecidetogiveupyourstudies,you willbeabigloser. You willbetaggedasaschooldrop - out.

Worsestill, withoutadequateformaleducation,you willnotbeabletoforgeaheadinlife. Theprospectsforyouanywhereandeverywhereareboundtobebleak. Dearestbrother,thereisnopointinbeingundulynervousanddiffident.

Keepon workingandbrushupyourweaksubjectsthenyouarelikelytopassyournextexamination withflyingcolours.

And whatismore,thisachievementisnotbeyondyou. Yourarequickontheuptake,thisshouldmakeyour

taskmucheasierandsimpler. I wouldnow inallseriousnessurgeyoutohavesecondthoughtsonyourratherrashdecisionto

giveupstudies.

Yourslovingly,

A B C

March 1997

2. You hadinvitedyourfriendfor a vacation atyournative place. Somehow he/shecouldnot arriveintimein

spiteofhis/her assurance. Write a letter askinghim/her aboutthereason andtell aboutyour worries.

7G, Rainbow Colony,M.G.Road,

Benson Town,

Bangalore - 560 005.

24th,February, 2010.DearFriend,

I receivedyourletterlongagoconfirmingyourdecisiontospendthisvacation withus. We werealleagerly

waitingtoseeyou. However,thevacationisalmostoverand weknow thattheremusthavebeenastrongreasonfor

cancellingthearrival.

Motherhadspecialplansforusaboutspendingholidaysin Bangalore. Yourbusylifein Mumbaicertainlyneededalittlechangeand wehadtakencareofthatinourplans whichincludedanexcursiontoKrishnarajsagarwherethe

famous Brindavan Gardenis. Asthisisthefagendofvacationandyetthereisnosignofyourarrival welosthopes. Yourrecentletterconfirmingyourticketreservationmakesusallthemoreanxioustoknow astothereasonsforyourlastminutecancellation. Ourdisappointmentforyournotcominghasturnedintoanxiousnessand weareall worriedaboutyou.

Everyoneisforwardinghis/herreasonsforyoursuddendroppingtheplanstocometo Bangaloreand I tell

you,more wethinkofthereasonsthemore worrieditmakesusall. Therefore,please writetousabouttheemergencythat

causedyourchangeintheplans.

Weshallbeanxiously waitingtohearfromyou.Yourslovingly

ABC

3. Write a lettertotheeditorofa newspaperdrawinghis attentiontotheillegal parkingoftruckinyour lane.

7G, Rainbow colony,M.G. Road,

Mahim (E),

. Mumbai:- 400 016.


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OMTEX CLASSES

24th,February, 2010.

The Editor,

TimesofIndia NewsPaper,Mumbai: - 400 001.

Subject:Complainagainsttheillegalparkingoftruck.Respectedsir,

I havebeentheresidentoftheabovementionedareaforthelasttwentyyears. Thepeoplehereareall

educatedandgooutto workandchildrengotoschool. I wouldliketobringtoyournoticethattheroadsinthisareaarefully

filled withillegalparkingoftrucks,thatitbecomesverydifficulttoeven walkspeciallyduringtherains. Notonlythiseven

thestreetlightsaresopoor,thatitbecomesverydifficultforpeopleto walkortakeouttheirvehiclesduringlateinthe

evening.

Onemustbeawarethathow irresponsibleistoparkvehiclesliketrucksintheresidentialarea. Hence I

requestyoutoconsideritandthroughyournewspaper, I wanttomakeonerequesttotheconcernedauthoritytoconsiderthis

matterasimportantparkthetrucksinsomeothernonresidentialareas.I shallbeobligedifyoupublishmyletterinyournewspapersothatitcatchestheattentionoftheCouncillor

ofourwardandanurgentactionistaken.Thankingyou,

Yoursfaithfully,

X y Z.

4. Write a letterofenquirytothemanagerofa travel agency about a proposedvacationtrip you intendtomaketo

Delhi, Simla and Agra.7G,Sonia Apartments,

Rainbow colony,

M.G. Road,

Mahim(E),

. Mumbai:- 400 016.24thFebruary, 2010

The Manager,The Generaltravelagency,

Mahim (W),

Mumbai - 400 016.

Subject: Enquiryaboutaproposedvacationtripto Delhi,Shimlaand Agra.Respectedsir,

I, XYZ,oneoftheteacherstaffofourschool. Weteachershadameeting withourPrincipal. Theauthorities

haveagreedtogiveusthepermissiontoconductthevacationtripto Delhi,Shimlaand Agra.

Kindlyfurnishus withthenecessarydetailsandthetotalcostfor500 studentsand 20 staffmembers. Also

sendyourquotationsforotherplaces.Eagerlyawaitingyourreasonablequotation.

Thankingyou,

Yoursfaithfully,X Y Z.

5.Yourfrienddoesnot wishto jointhe N.S.S. Asitinvolves a notofextra curricular activity. Write a lettertohim/her

persuadinghim/herto jointhis unit,tellinghim/herofthe usual work beingdone bythe unit, whatreal educational

measetc.

7G, Rainbow colony,

M.G. Road,

Mahim(E),

. Mumbai:- 400 016.5th March, 2007

DearSaniamirza,It wasgreathearingfromyouafteralongtime. YourholidayinthecoolhillsofShimlaseemstobe

interestingandfulloffun,howeverthecontentsofyourletterhasdisturbedmeandsetmethinking. Asalongstanding

friend, I consideritmydutytogiveyoumyviewsandpersuadeyoutofollow yourideals.


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OMTEX CLASSES

Youhavealwaysbeeninterestedinjoiningthe N.S.S. whyshouldthecurriculumdeteryou? Therecanbe

nofieldofstudy withoutextra - curricularactivities. Theseactivitieshelptodevelopyourpersonalitythey willenableyouto

grow intoafineyoungaccomplishedman.Besidesjustthinkoftheuseful workyou willbeinvolvedinthe N.S.S. You weretheone whoalways

wantedtodosomethinguseful,intheserviceofothersandthisistheidealchance. Sania,thinkaboutit,itisyourcareeryouraretalkingabout. Dontgetputoffwithsomeextra - curricularactivity, Bepositive, Bebraveandconfidence willbeyours.

Byefornow,dokeepintouch I lovehearingfromyouandtreasure,yourfriendship.

Yourslovingly,

X Y Z

6. Write an application letterforthe postoflibrarianfor a public library.

7G,Sonia Apartments,Rainbow colony,M.G. Road,

Mahim(E),. Mumbai:- 400 016.

24thFebruary, 2010

To,

The Manager,

The GeneralPublic Library,

Dadar(W),

Mumbai 400 021.

Reference : Youradvertisementin The TimesofIndiadated 23rd,February,2010.

Subject : ApplicationletterforthepostofLibrarian.Respectedsir,

Withreferencetoyouradvertisementforthepostoflibrarianin The TimesofIndiadated 23rd,February,

2010. I wishtoapplyforthesame.

I amaveryenergeticperson withexcellentcommunicationskillandreadytofaceanytargetsetbyyouresteemedpubliclibrary. I am willto workhardandbeingyoung I amalsoeagertoaddknowledge withexperience. I holda

M.Comdegreefrom UniversityofMumbaianda Diplomain LibrarySciencefrom Indira Gandhi Open University, New

Delhi. I havealsodonecomputercourseslike Basic, Tally 9 as wellasprogramminglanguageslikeC,C++ from NIIT,

Matunga. I have 2 yearsexperienceasaassistantinlocallibrary, Mahim.

Myresumeissenthere with,foryourreference. I shallbemuchthankfultoyou,ifyougrantmeaninterview callatyourconvenienttime. I amlookingforwardtojoinyouresteemedPubliclibraryasearlyaspossible.

Thanking You,YoursFaithfully,

Xyz.

Encl: - Resumeand Xeroxcopyofeducationalcertificates.

7. Write an application letterforthe postofaccountant.

7G,Sonia Apartments,

Rainbow colony,

M.G. Road,


24thFebruary, 2010To,

The Manager,

The Generalcompany,


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Dadar(W),

Mumbai 400 021.

Reference : Youradvertisementin The TimesofIndiadated 23rd,February,

2010. Subject : ApplicationletterforthepostofAccountant.

Respectedsir,

Withreferencetoyouradvertisementforthepostofaccountantin The TimesofIndiadated 23rd,

February, 2010. I wishtoapplyforthesame.

I amaveryenergeticperson withexcellentcommunicationskillandreadytofaceanytargetsetbyyour

esteemedcompany. I am willingto workhardandbeingyoung I amalsoeagertoaddknowledge withexperience. I holdan

M.Comdegreefrom UniversityofMumbaianda DiplomainCost Accountfrom Indira Gandhi Open University, New

Delhi. I havealsodonecomputercourseslike Basic, Tally 9 as wellasprogramminglanguageslikeC,C++ from NIIT,

Matunga. I have 2 yearsexperienceasanassistantaccountantinlocalcompany, Mahim.Myresumeissenthere with,foryourreference. I shallbemuchthankfultoyou,ifyougrantmean

interview callatyourconvenienttime. I amlookingforwardtojoinyouresteemedcompanyasearlyaspossible.

Thanking You,

YoursFaithfully,

Xyz.


8. Write an application letterforthe postofteacher.


Rainbow colony,M.G. Road,


24thFebruary, 2010

To,

ThePrincipal,The General HighSchool,

Dadar(W),

Mumbai 400 021.

Reference : Youradvertisementin The TimesofIndiadated 23rd,February,2010.

Subject : ApplicationletterforthepostofTeacher.

Respectedsir,WithreferencetoyouradvertisementforthepostofTeacherin The TimesofIndiadated 23rd,February,

2010. I wishtoapplyforthesame.

I amaveryenergeticperson withexcellentcommunicationskillandreadytofaceanytargetsetbyyour

esteemedSchool. I am willingto workhardandbeingyoung I amalsoeagertoaddknowledge withexperience. I holda

B.A. degreefrom UniversityofMumbaiand I havedone B.Ed. from Indira Gandhi Open University, New Delhi. I havealsodonecomputercourseslike Basic, Tally 9 as wellasprogramminglanguageslikeC,C++ from NIIT, Matunga. I have

2 yearsexperienceasa English Teacherin LocalSchool, Mahim.

Myresumeissenthere with,foryourreference. I shallbemuchthankfultoyou, Ifyougrantmean

interview callatyourconvenienttime. I amlookingforwardtojoinyouresteemedSchoolasearlyaspossible.


Xyz.



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9. Write a complaint letterregardingirregularelectricsupplyinyour locality / village.


Rainbow colony,M.G. Road,

Mahim (E),

. Mumbai:- 400 016.

24thFebruary, 2010

To,

TheSub Engineer,

MaharashtraState Electricity Board,

Dadar(w),

Mumbai 400 021.

Subject:Complaintletterregardingirregularelectricitysupply.RespectedSir,

Wearetotallyfivehundredfamiliesresidinginourlocality. Wearefacingasevereproblemofgrowing

instancesofpowerfailureforthelastthreemonthsinourlocality.

Inourlocalitytherearemanystudents whoarepreparingfortheirupcoming Board Examsas wellasfor

otherfinalexaminations. But,thisirregularityinelectricsupplyiscausingobstaclesintheirpreparation. Sir,youalsoknow,

thisyearthesummerisextremelyhotsotheoldpeoplefacingitverydifficulttotackletheproblem. Theproblemsofcurrent

supplyalsoleadtosomeotherillegalactivitiesinourlocality.

Wehavealreadygivenmanycomplaintstoourlocalauthority. Theyarealwaysgivingusemptypromises

anddoingnothing. Sokindlyamrequestingyoutolookintothismatterpersonally. Ifyoudotheneedfulthen I shallbevery

muchthankfultoyou.


X y z

10. Write a complaint letterregardingirregular Watersupplyinyour locality / village.


Rainbow colony,

M.G. Road,

Mahim (E),


To,

TheSub Engineer,MaharashtraState WaterSupply Board,

Dadar(w),

Mumbai 400 021.

Subject:Complaintletterregardingirregularwatersupply.RespectedSir,


instancesofinsufficient watersupplyforthelastthreemonthsinourlocality.

Wehaveonly 50 tapsforourfivehundredfamilies,itmeansonanaverageatapforevery 10 families,whichisalreadyinsufficient. Butduringthelastthreemonthstheproblemhasincreasedtoalotduetolesssupplyofwater.

Becauseoflesssupplyofwaterthereisagrowinginstanceofdisputesamongourlocalpeople. Manytimes wehavetoreturnhome withouremptyvessels.


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anddoingnothing. Sokindlyamrequestingyoutolookintothismatterpersonally. Ifyoudotheneedfulthen I shallbeverymuchthankfultoyou.

Thanking You, YoursFaithfully,

X y z

11. Write a complaint letterregardingoverflow ofgutterinyour locality / village.


Rainbow colony,

M.G. Road,

Mahim (E),


To,TheSub Engineer,

MaharashtraStatePollutionControl Board,

Dadar(w),

Mumbai 400 021.

Subject:Complaintletteroverflow ofgutterinoutlocality.

RespectedSir,


instancesofoverflow ofgutterforthelastthreemonthsinourlocality.


anddoingnothing. Sokindlyamrequestingyoutolookintothismatterpersonally. Ifyoudotheneedfulthen I shallbevery

muchthankfultoyou.

Thanking You,

YoursFaithfully,

X y z

TOURIST LEAFLET

1. Prepare a Shottourist leaflet aboutyourvillage / townindicate:

i. How togothere?

ii. Wheretostay/ Accommodation

iii. Whentovisit?

iv. Whattosee?

v. Anythingspecial/ Addyourown points.

Ans.BANGALORE

Introduction: BangaloreisacityofRoses withbeautifulgardens. ItisthecapitalcityofKarnataka. Itisahighly

developedcity.

i. How togothere: Bangaloreis wellconnected withrestofIndia. Onecangoto Bangalorebythe wayofPlane, Bus

orTrain:


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Plane: Dailytwoflightsnamely IA 550 and IA 330 from Mumbaito Bangaloreare

available.

Bus: TheState Transport BusServicesandmanyotherprivate BusServicesareavailablefrom Mumbaito Bangalore.

Train: Therearemanytrainsavailable whichcantakeyouto Bangalore. Themostconvenientis

Mumbai Bangalore Express

ii. Whereto Stay: Accommodationisnoproblemin Bangalore. The Governmenttourist HotelsandotherBigand

Smallhotelsareavailabletosuiteveronesbudget.

iii. WhentoVisit: Octoberto Decemberisthebesttimeoftheyeartovisit Bangalore.iv. Whatto See: TheclimateandsceneryofBangaloreismindblowing. Itisa wellplannedcity with

hugeroads, parks,theatres,andgardens,therearemanyinterestingplaces

toseelike Bull Temple, Tippu

Palace, Glasshouse,the Museum, VishanSabhaandmanyPalatial Buildings. Itisalsoknownas

littleSingapore.v. Anything Special Asfarasfoodisconcerned BangaloreisfamousforNoodles, Gobi Manchurian,Channa

Masala,

Idlifry,Prawnsfry, Mugal Briyani,etc. Thepeopleareverycultureorientedandhighly

intelligent. Theygivemoreimportancetotheireducation.

2. Prepare a Shottourist leaflet aboutyourvillage / townindicate:

i. How togothere?

ii. Wheretostay/ Accommodation

iii. Whentovisit?iv. Whattosee?

v. Anythingspecial/ Addyourown points.

Ans.

CHENNAI

Introduction: ChennaiisacityofTemple withbeautifularchitecture. ItisthecapitalcityofTamil Nadu. Itisahighlydeveloped

city.

i. How togothere: Chennaiis wellconnected withrestofIndia. OnecangotoChennaibythe wayofPlane,Bus

orTrain:

Plane: Dailytwoflightsnamely IA 550 and IA 330 from MumbaitoChennaiareavailable.

Bus: TheState Transport BusServicesandmanyotherprivate BusServicesareavailable

from MumbaitoChennai.

Train: Therearemanytrainsavailable whichcantakeyoutoChennai. Themost

convenientis

Mumbai Chennai Expressii. Whereto Stay: AccommodationisnoprobleminChennai. The Governmenttourist HotelsandotherBig

and

Smallhotelsareavailabletosuiteveronesbudget.

iii. WhentoVisit: Juneto OctoberisthebesttimeoftheyeartovisitChennai.iv. Whatto See: TheclimateandsceneryofChennaiismindblowing. Itisa wellplannedcity withhuge

roads, parks,theatres,andgardens,therearemanyinterestingplacestoseelike Bull Temple, Lord

Ganesh Temple, Marina Beach, Annasamathi, Lord Murugan Temple,Palatial

Buildings,etc,itis


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2. Write a speechto bedelivered amongyourclassmates,regarding EYE donationEYE DONATION

DearFriends, wehaveonelifeletusmakeouronelifemoremeaningfulbydonatingeyes. Eyedonationisthemotherofalldonations. Eyedonationdirectlygivesvisiontoanotherhumanbeing. Itisnotonlygivesvisiontoone

individualbutalsototheentirefamilyofthatindividual. Aperson who wishestodonatehiseyesafterhisdeathhastogoto

aneyehospitalandneedtoregisterhisname withthehospital.

Theinformationabouttheperson whoagreedtodonateeyesanddiedistobegiventotherespective

hospitalasearlyaspossible. So,thathiseyescanberemovedandsaved withinsixhours. Wecanseethe worldevenafter

thedeathofourselvesbythe wayofdonatingeyes.

So,friendsletusputourhandstogetherandmakeapromisetodonateeyesafterourdeath.

APPEAL1. Prepareanappealtobepresentedalongroadsideregardingprotectingenvironment.

PROTECTING ENVIRONMENT

ONE EARTH, ONE LIFE,

WHY THEN LET IT DIE?

NATURE IS A GIFT OF GOD,

LET US PROTECT ITDearfriends, MotherNatureiscryingforhelptoprotectherselffromthesocialevilslike,cuttingoftrees,

pollutingtherivers,burningofplastics,emissionofCO2,depletionofozonelayer,global warmingetc. Inordertohighlighttheproblemsandtomakepeopleaware,thesocialserviceorganisation PRITHVIisgoingtoconduct

atwodaysprogram.

y Day One:FormerPresident A.P.J. AbdulKalam, willgiveaspeechregardingi. How tosaveourenvironment?ii. How toreducethelevelofCO2?iii. Useofsolarenergy.

y Day Two:FamousCricketer,Sachin TendulkarshallplantthefirstsaplingofONE CRORE TREEPLANTATIONprogram.

So,friendscomeoneandcomeallletusputourhandstogetherandmakeapromisetosaveourmother

nature.


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Complex Sentences:(because, when, while, where,as,before,after,that,since,assoonas,nosooner,if,unless,as ....though,if.... though,though,eventhough,although, whether,so .... that,till,onlyif,sothat,until, which, )

Compound Sentence:(and,but,or,notonly ...... butalso,either..... or,neither..... nor, )

ConversionofSimple Sentencesinto Compoundsentences

1. Simple:Seeingasnakeheranaway.Compound: Hesaw asnakeandranaway.

2. Simple: Besidesbeingintelligentsheisbeautiful.Compound:Sheisintelligentandsheisbeautiful.

3. Inspiteofhisenormous wealthbutstillheissad.Compound: Hepossessenormous wealthstillheissad.

4. Simple:Standing withhisgriefheisoptimistic (confident).Compound: Heisgrievousbutstillheisoptimistic.

5. Simple: Toavoiddangeryoumustbeverycareful.Compound: Eitheryoumustbecarefulotherwiseyou willmeetdanger.ConversionofCompound Sentencesinto Simple Sentences

1. I ateapple, I wenttoCinema.Eatingapple I wenttoCinema.

2. Hepassed M.B.B.S. andbecameadoctor.Havingpassed M.B.B.S. hebecameadoctor.

3. Youmuststudy welloryou willnotgetthefirstclassmark.Youmuststudy welltogetthefirstclassmark.

ConversionofSimplesentencesinto Complexsentences

1. Hedoesntknow thedateofhismarriage.Hedoesntknow whenhehadmarried.

2. Heexpectsfirstclassinthemedicalexamination.Heexpectsthathe willgetfirstclassinthemedicalexamination.

3. A manofjusticegetsrespectevery whereA manofwhojusticegetsrespectvery where

4. Thereasonforhissuccessisunknown.Thereasonhow hesucceededisunknown.

5. Onseeingapolicethiefranaway.Assoonasthiefsaw thepoliceranaway.

Conversionon Complex Sentencesinto Simple Sentences

1. Sincehe wastiredhecouldnotgotooffice.Onaccountofhistiredness,hecouldnotgotooffice

2. Whatheaced wasseenbyallHisaction wasseenbyall.3. Hestudent whostudies wellgetshighmarks

The wellstudyingstudentgetshighmarks.

4. He wenttothecollege wherehestudiedHe wenttohisoldcollege.

5. Hereplacedtheold wallclockwhich wasdamaged.Hereplacedthedamaged wallclock.

6. HeranfastthehemightnotmissthetrainHeranfasttocatchthetrain


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7. AfterI hadreservedthetickets I returnedtomyhouse.Havingreservedthetickets I returnedtohouse.

Compoundto Complex

1. Study welloryou willfailUnlessyoustudy wellyou willfail.

2. Hesaw thenameboardandenteredthehotel.Seeingthenameboard,heenteredthathotel.

3. He wassufferingfromfeverandhe wasadmittedinthehospital.Sincehe wasfeverishhe wasadmittedinthehospital.

4. Heisstrongbutheistimid (scared).Althoughheisstrong,heistimid.

Complexto Compound

1. I saw amonkey which wassittingonatree.I saw themonkey. It wassittingonatree.

2. Ifyougoto Agrayoucansee Tajmahal.Goto Agrayoucansee Tajmahal.

3. I suspectthathehasdonethemurder.Hehasdonethemurder. I suspecthim.

4. Thoughthesoldierwas wounded,buthe wenttothebattlefieldagain.Thesoldierwas wounded. He wenttothebattlefieldagain.

Prepositions Time

English Usage Example

on daysofthe week on Monday in months/seasons

timeofday

year

afteracertainperiodoftime(when?)

in August/in winter

inthemorning

in 2006

inanhour

at fornightforweekend

acertainpointoftime(when?)

atnight

atthe weekend

athalfpastnine

since fromacertainpointoftime (pasttillnow) since 1980 for overacertainperiodoftime (pasttillnow) for2 years ago acertaintimeinthepast 2 yearsago

before earlierthanacertainpointoftime before 2004


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to tellingthetime tentosix (5:50) past tellingthetime tenpastsix (6:10)to/till/until markingthebeginningandendofaperiodoftime from Mondayto/tillFriday

till/until inthesenseofhow long something is going to last HeisonholidayuntilFriday. by inthesenseofat the latest

uptoacertaintime

I willbebackby 6 oclock.

By 11 o'clock, I hadreadfivepages.

Prepositions Place (Position and Direction)


in room,building,street,town,countrybook,paperetc.

car,taxi

picture, world

inthekitchen,in London

inthebook

inthecar,inataxi

inthepicture,inthe world

at meaningnext to, by an objectfortable

forevents

place whereyouaretodosomethingtypical (watcha

film,study, work)

atthedoor,atthestation

atthetable

ataconcert,attheparty

atthecinema,atschool,at work

on attachedforaplace withariver

beingonasurface

foracertainside (left,right)

forafloorinahouse

forpublictransport

fortelevision, radio

thepictureonthe wall

Londonliesonthe Thames.

onthetable

ontheleft

onthefirstfloor

onthebus,onaplane

on TV,ontheradio

by,nextto,beside leftorrightofsomebodyorsomething Janeisstandingby/nextto/beside

thecar.

under ontheground,lowerthan (orcoveredby)somethingelse thebagisunderthetable below lowerthansomethingelsebutaboveground thefisharebelow thesurface over coveredbysomethingelse

meaningmore than

putajacketoveryourshirt

over16 yearsofage


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gettingtotheotherside (alsoacross)

overcominganobstacle

walkoverthebridge

climboverthe wall

above higherthansomethingelse,butnotdirectlyoverit apathabovethelake across gettingtotheotherside (alsoover)

gettingtotheotherside

walkacrossthebridge

swimacrossthelake

through something withlimitsontop,bottomandthesides drivethroughthetunnel to movementtopersonorbuilding

movementtoaplaceorcountry

forbed

gotothecinema

goto London/ Ireland

gotobed

into enteraroom/abuilding gointothekitchen/thehouse towards movementinthedirectionofsomething (butnotdirectly

toit)

go 5 stepstowardsthehouse

onto movementtothetopofsomething jumpontothetable from inthesenseofwhere from aflowerfromthegarden

OtherimportantPrepositions


from whogaveit apresentfrom Jane of who/whatdoesitbelongto

whatdoesitshow

apageofthebook

thepictureofapalace

by whomadeit abookby MarkTwain on walkingorridingonhorseback

enteringapublictransportvehicle

onfoot,onhorseback

getonthebus

in enteringacar / Taxi getinthecar

off leavingapublictransportvehicle getoffthetrain

outof leavingacar / Taxi getoutofthetaxi

by riseorfallofsomething

travelling (otherthan walkingorhorseriding)

priceshaverisenby 10 percent

bycar,bybus

at forage shelearned Russianat 45 about fortopics,meaningwhat about we weretalkingaboutyou


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1. Readthetabulardatashowingthecausesofroadaccidentsin Indiaand writeaparagraphmentioningthechiefpoints.Sr. No. Causes Percentage

1 Driversfault (notfollowingtrafficrule,overtaking,speeding,etc. ) 83.5%

2 Passengers/Pedestrianfault (notfollowingtrafficrule,not walkingonfootpath,etc. ) 4.7%3 Mechanicaldefectinvehicle 4.0%

4 Absenceofreflectors 2.0%

5 Otherfactors (bad,roads,potholes,brokendividers,etc) 6.8%

Total 100.0%

2. WriteaparagraphbasedonthefollowingtreediagramaboutthevillageKaldhari:

3. ImaginethatyouareinterviewingSachin Tendulkar. Write 10 questionsthatyou wouldaskhim.4. Imaginethatyouareinterviewing AmirKhan. Write 10 questionsthatyou wouldaskhim.5. Readthefollowingtreediagramthatgiveinformationaboutthejudiciarysystemin Indiaandprepareashortnote.

6. Youhaveconductedasurveyofwageearnersinyourlocality. Givenbelow isagraphicalrepresentationofyourfindings.The Xaxisrepresentsthe wagesearnedin Rs. Andthe Yaxisrepresentsthenumberofwageearners. Theblocksare

shadeddifferentlytoshow children, womenandmen. Thelegendforeachisgivenbelow thegraph. Writeaparagraph

explainingyourfindings:

KALDHARI

cleanliness energy sources milkrainwater

harvesting

Massive

awarenes

Drive


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7. Writeaparagraphcomparingandcontrastingtheenrolmentofgirlsandboysinaschoolfrom 1998 to 2002. Youmayusethefollowing wordsorphrases.

Numberofenrolments,always,morethan,except,exceeded,steadyrise,fell,remainedthesame,roseagain,etc.

Year Girls Boys

19981999

20002001

2002

50005200

51005100

5325

49115099

50675190

5205

Tree Diagram1. A Tissuemaybedefinedasagroupofcellshavingsomeshape,size,origin,functionandthesametypeof

development. Tissuesarebasicallyclassifiedintotwogroupsnamely,meristematictissues,and permanenttissues.

Meristematictissuesaredividedintotwo,thesearepositionbasedandoriginbased. Permanenttissuesarefurther

dividedintotwogroups. Theyaresimpletissuesandcomplextissues. Ontheirbasisoftheirpositionintheplant

bodymeristematictissuesareclassifiedasaplicle intercalary,andlateral. Onthebasisoforigin,meristematic

tissuesaredividedinto 3 groups;theyarePro meristem,Primary meristemandsecondary meristem. Simple

tissuesareclassifiedinto 3 groups,namelyparenchyma,collechyma,sclerenchyma, Thetwocomplextissuesare

foundinvascularplant. Theyarexylemandphloem.

2. Readthefollowingextractandmakeanoteofit withthehelpofthedataprovided. Thelatestnationalsamplesurveyorganisation (NSSO)reportrevealsthat Urban Indiaspentonly 43% ofitstotalconsumptionexpenditureon

fooditemsin 2004 2005. Thatisamajordropfrom 64% in 972 73. Andthetrendholdsfortherural Indiatoo.Theshareoffoodintotalexpenditureinruralareashasfallenfrom 73% in 1974 75 to 55% in 2004 05. Inbothruralandurban India,ruelandlighttookup 10% oftotalconsumerexpenditure, whileclothingbeddingandfood

wealtookup 5% Medicalexpensesformed 7% ofthetotalexpenditureinrural Indiaand 5% in Urban India. Rural

Indiaspentlessoneducationat 3% ofconsumptionexpenditurethanurban India 5%. Conveyancetookaway 7%

expenditurein Urban Indiaand 4% inrural India.

3. Draw atreediagramThe Unitednationisabodyofnations whohavevoluntarilyjointtogetherto workforthe worldpeace. Allnationals

areequalin UN. Theinternationallabourorganisation (ILO)isoneofthespecialisedagenciesofthe NO. Itaimsat

improving workingconditionsofworkersthroughthecombinedeffortsofGovernment,employersandlabours. The


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Foodand Agricultural Organisation (FAO)isanotherspecialisedagenciesofUN. It workstohelpcountriesto

increasethequalityandimprovethequalityoftheirfoodfromfarmingandfishing. Itgivesadviceontheimprovementofsoil,forest,cropsandonnutrition. The World Health Organisation (WHO)seekstoimprovethephysicalas wellasmentalhealthofeveryonealloverthe world. Ithelpstoimprovethesanitationand watersupply

italsohelpsintrainingdoctorsandhealth workers. The United Nationseducationscientificandculturalorganisation (UNESCO)isanotherspecialisedagencyofthe UN. It worksforpeace,seekstofightilliteracyand

encouragedexchangeofideas.

4. Readthefollowingextractandmakeanoteinthesuitableform.A greatdealofcomputercommunicationtakesplaceovertelephonelines. Telephonessendandreceiveanalog

signals. Computerincontrast,receivesdigitalsignals. So,toconvertthedigitalsignalstoanalogsignalsandvice

versa,thereisaneedofmodem. Therearefourbasictypesofmodems. External,internal,PCcardand wireless. The

externalmodemstandsapartfromthecomputerandtypicallyisconnectedbyacabletothecomputersserialport.

theinternalmodem,consistsofaplug incircuitboardinsidethesystemunit. ThePCcardmodemisacreditcard

sizeexpansionboardthatisinsertedintoaportablecomputer. A wirelessmodemmaybeinternal,externaloraPCcard. Unlikeothermodems,itdoesnotusecables,instead wirelessmodem workthroughtheair.

REPORT WRITING

1. Writeareportonthefollowingheadline.MASKED MEN SHOOT BANKMANAGER

Mumbai,February, 24

ByaStaffReporter,

Inadaringdaylightrobbery,threemaskedmenenteredthe Indian Bank, Mahimbranchon Mondayat 10 a.m. Whenthe

managerrefusedtocooperate,he wasfiredatchestfroma N 38 revolverand wasseriouslyinjured. Thethreemaskedescapedina waiting Red Maruti Van withalootof5 lakhs.

The BankManagerMr. AnbuSelvan, wasrushedtoSion Hospital. Hehadsustainedtwobulled woundsonhischest.Doctorshavereportedthathisconditionisstillcritical. Whencontacted Mr. Ragavan,commissionerofPolicesaidthatcertain

importantclueshavebeeninspected which woulddefinitelyleadtothearrestofthebankrobbers.

30 SCHOOL CHILDREN KILLED IN BYS TRUCKACCIDENT.

Mumbai,February, 24ByaStaffReporter,

Thirtyschoolchildren werekilled whenanS.T. Bus wassmashedbyatrucknearMatungayesterday.

SixtyfivestudentsandfiveteachersofGeneral English HighSchool wereontheirwayto WaterKingdomatabout 9.40

a.m., whenthe Municipal GarbagetrucksmashedtheS.T. bus. Thetruckdriverwastryingtosaveaboy who wascrossingthe

road. Twentyfivestudentsand 3 teachers wereseriouslyinjured;they wereimmediatelytakentotheSion Hospital. Whencontacted Mr. Ragavan,commissionerofPolicesaidthatinvestigations weregoingondetailedreport willbegivenonlyafterthe

properinvestigation.

HEAVY RAINS DISTURBED NORMAL LIFE

Mumbai,February, 24ByaStaffReporter,

Heavy,rainscontinuedforthethirddayin Mumbai,bringingallnormallifetoastandstill. TheCentralpartofthecity was

the worstaffected withthe waterlevelrisingabove 3 feetinsomeareas.

Mostofthemainroads werecompletelyflooded. Inmanyareastheelectricpoleshadfallendownandthusthe wholecity

faceddarkness. Thesituationmayimprovebytomorrow. TheSpokesmanofB.E.S.T. saidthat, Allthecitybuses were

cancelled, whichleadstoamajorproblemforacommonman

24 KILLED IN BUS ACCIDENT

Mumbai,February, 24


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ByaStaffReporter,

24 werekilleda busaccident witha Volvobusnear Dadaryesterdaybyatruck.SixtypeopleoftheareaofMatunga wereontheirwayto Mahabaleshwaratabout 11.15 a.m. whena Municipal Garbage

truckhitthe Volvobus. Thevictims wereimmediatelytakentothenearSion Hospital. Amongsixtypeople, 24 werediedand 30wereseriouslyinjured. Aftertheinvestigation Mr. Shiva, DeputyCommissionerofPolicesaid,thatthedriverisadrunkard.

FOOD POISONING AFFECTS 50 SCHOOL CHILDREN

Mumbai,February, 24

ByaStaffReporter,

Over30 children werebattlingfortheirlivesinSion Hospitalaftertheyhadconsumedsweetsdistributedbytheschoolata

function,yesterday.

Thestudentsofthe General English HighSchool,KingCircle weregivensweetbroughtfromalocalshopontheoccasionof

Annual DaycelebrationoftheSchool. Immediatelyafterconsumingsweetsthechildrenfeltnauseaanddizziness. Somestarted

vomitingand wererushedtoSion Hospital. Thepolicehaveregisteredacaseagainsttheshopkeeperandarrestedhim. Parents

were worriedforthespeedyrecoveryoftheirchildren.

INDIA WINSSECOND TEST MATCH AGAINST AUSTRALIAMumbai,February, 24

ByaStaffReporter,

India winssecondtestmatchagainst Australiaat Eden Garden,today. Thetwoteamsnow standlevel.

ThelittlemasterSachinandSkipper (captain) Dhoni whobuiltupapartnershipofonesixtyrunstakingupthetotalto 350.

However, McGrath,bowlingtookthetollandhetook4 wickets. Latertheoveralltargetof540 runsseemedtobetoughforthe

Australianteam. The AustralianSkipperRickyPonting wasdisappointed withtheirplayersperformance. Asnoneofthe

AustralianplayerhasscoredacenturyexcepttheSkipper. RickyPontinghimselfisthehighestscorerwith 103 runs. ThePonting

said, Myteam wouldfightbackinthe Thirdandfinaltestin Mumbai.

english grammar omtex classes

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