English Too ©

ISBN 978-1-60585-104-4 @US Copyright 5/20/08v7

Note: There is NO FEE to download the entire workbook. It is absolutely FREE.

English Too © English Language Learners Workbook for Middle School Intermediate Level Students This curriculum is designed for new language learners who have been in the country for 2 years and who are characterized by the following conditions. These students:

• have lived in the US for less than 2 years • presently live in a culturally diverse community where English is a predominately

secondary language in the surrounding environment • live in a family situation where one or both parents speak primarily in their native

language • live in a community where there are limited English speaking opportunities and English

translation is used in daily living skills interaction • have had more than 6 years of formal education in their native language.

Dawn Marie Moseley Dallas, TX, USA

English Too ©

ISBN 978-1-60585-104-4 @US Copyright 5/20/08v7

Preface This workbook is a diagnostic tool as well as a curriculum for English Language Learners who are considered newly arrivals in the United States. Many of the quizzes and longer tests are designed as pretest instruments for determining base levels. For this reason the contents of the workbook are not presented in any sequential order for mastery. The lessons are geared to the mastery language levels for middle school students. Learning expectations for students are explained as success levels for mastery and are based on the following assumptions. • Students achieve at least 80% of a score of 100 for correct answers on any given examination. • At least 80% percent of the entire (total number of students) class score at least 80% of a score of

100 accuracy on the task • Scores of 79% of a score of 100 or below, indicate re-teaching until mastery is accomplished.

Acknowledgments This workbook is dedicated to the many who teach in inner city schools, who teach hope and nurture with great care, who model self-esteem and live kindness, and especially to my fellow associates at Thomas J. Rusk Middle School in Dallas, TX. It is with great appreciation that I acknowledge the work would not have been completed without the loving encouragement of my family; mother Mary, my sister and bother; Truey and Mark, my dear friends; Cheryl Herrick, Keith Waataja, and Joyce Ducas. They all believed in my true calling: teaching. Thank you Dad for watching over me all these years, giving me the strength to follow my heart.

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ISBN 978-1-60585-104-4 3

Table of Contents

ABBREVIATIONS ............................................................................................... 6

United States Abbreviations Quiz ......................................................................................... 7 Capital Cities and State Abbreviations .................................................................................. 8 Conventional Abbreviations ................................................................................................... 9

ACRONYMS ................................................................................................... 10 Metrics and Measurements ................................................................................................. 11

PREFIXES ..................................................................................................... 12 Common Prefixes ................................................................................................................ 12 Prefixes Quiz ....................................................................................................................... 16

SUFFIXES ..................................................................................................... 17 Common Suffixes ................................................................................................................ 17

ROOT (BASE) WORDS ...................................................................................... 19 Compound Words ............................................................................................................... 21 Base Words ......................................................................................................................... 21 Base Words, Prefixes, and Suffixes .................................................................................... 22 Prefixes and Suffixes Quiz .................................................................................................. 24 Capitalization Pretest .......................................................................................................... 25

CAPITALIZATION RULES .................................................................................... 26 Capitalization of Titles ......................................................................................................... 28

PUNCTUATION ............................................................................................... 29 Endings of Sentences ......................................................................................................... 29

COMMAS ...................................................................................................... 30

APOSTROPHE AND CONTRACTIONS ....................................................................... 31 Contractions Test ................................................................................................................ 32 Hyphen ................................................................................................................................ 33

NUMERICAL EXPRESSION ................................................................................... 34 Conjunctions ........................................................................................................................ 35

REGULAR VERBS ............................................................................................. 38 Regular Verb Tenses .......................................................................................................... 39 Linking Verbs ....................................................................................................................... 41

LINKING VERBS QUIZ ....................................................................................... 42 Irregular Verb Tenses .......................................................................................................... 43 Irregular Verbs Quiz ............................................................................................................ 45

TYPES OF SENTENCES ...................................................................................... 46

SYNONYMS ................................................................................................... 48 Classifications Using Color.................................................................................................. 49 Classifications Using Categories ......................................................................................... 50

ANTONYMS ................................................................................................... 51

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THESAURUS SKILLS ......................................................................................... 52 Opposites Quiz .................................................................................................................... 53

HOMONYMS .................................................................................................. 54

WORDS FREQUENTLY CONFUSED ......................................................................... 55

DICTIONARY SKILLS ........................................................................................ 57

FORMATTING AND PRINT CLUES .......................................................................... 58 Types of Print ...................................................................................................................... 58

PREPOSITIONS ............................................................................................... 59 Following Directions ............................................................................................................ 60 Diagrams and Instructions ................................................................................................... 61 Compass Directions ............................................................................................................ 62 Map Skills ............................................................................................................................ 63 Directions in the City ........................................................................................................... 66 Street Map and Directions ................................................................................................... 67 Sentences with Prepositions ............................................................................................... 69

PRONOUNS ................................................................................................... 70 Personal Pronouns .............................................................................................................. 70 Singular and Plural Personal Pronouns .............................................................................. 71 Demonstrative Pronouns ..................................................................................................... 72 Quiz on Demonstrative Pronouns, Verbs, and Possessive Nouns ..................................... 73 Reflexive Pronouns ............................................................................................................. 74 Indefinite Pronouns ............................................................................................................. 75 Interrogative Pronouns ........................................................................................................ 77

SPELLING PLURALS .......................................................................................... 78 Singular and Plural Possesive Nouns ................................................................................. 80

READING AND TESTING STRATEGIES .................................................................... 81

STORY ELEMENTS ........................................................................................... 82

FACT AND OPINION ......................................................................................... 83 Advertisements and Endorsements .................................................................................... 85

VISUAL REPRESENTATIONS ................................................................................ 86

GRAPHS ....................................................................................................... 87 Bar Graph ............................................................................................................................ 87 Circle Graph ........................................................................................................................ 87 Line Graph ........................................................................................................................... 88 Organizational Chart ........................................................................................................... 88 Atlas ..................................................................................................................................... 89 Diagrams ............................................................................................................................. 90 Tables of Information ........................................................................................................... 91 Making Connections ............................................................................................................ 92 Titles and Labels ................................................................................................................. 93 Interpreting Graphs ............................................................................................................. 94 Graphics Quiz ...................................................................................................................... 95

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TYPES OF LITERATURE ..................................................................................... 96 Categories of Works of Art .................................................................................................. 96 Books and Plays .................................................................................................................. 97 Poetry and Ballads .............................................................................................................. 98

REFERENCES ................................................................................................. 99 Resources Quiz ................................................................................................................. 100

APPENDIX ................................................................................................. 101 Pre-Testing ........................................................................................................................ 101 Prefixes and Suffixes ......................................................................................................... 102 Regular and Irregular Verbs .............................................................................................. 103 Punctuation ........................................................................................................................ 104 Personal Pronouns ............................................................................................................ 105 Contractions ...................................................................................................................... 106 Capitalization ..................................................................................................................... 107

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Abbreviations

State Abbreviations Part A Practice

State Abb.

State Abb.

Alabama AL Nebraska NE Alaska AK Nevada NV Arizona AZ New

Hampshire NH

Arkansas AR New Jersey NJ California CA New Mexico NM Colorado CO New York NY Connecticut CT North Carolina BC Delaware DE North Dakota ND Florida FL Ohio OH Georgia GA Oklahoma OK Hawaii HI Oregon OR Idaho ID Pennsylvania PA Illinois IL Rhode Island RI Indiana IN South Carolina SC Iowa IA South Dakota SD Kansas KS Tennessee TN Kentucky KY Texas TX Louisiana LA Utah UT Maine ME Vermont VT Maryland MD Virginia VA Massachusetts MA Washington WA Michigan MI West Virginia WV Minnesota MN Wisconsin WI Mississippi MS Wyoming WY Missouri MO District of

Columbia DC

Montana MT Part B Write the abbreviation in the blank next to the number for each state listed. 1. ______Kansas 6. ______Rhode Island 11. ______Nevada 2.______Utah 7. ______Alabama 12. ______Maryland 3.______Florida 8. ______Delaware 13. ______North Carolina 4._____Kansas 9. _____Rhode Island 14. _____New Jersey 5._____Kansas 10. _____New Jersey 15. _____Nevada

Use the table of information to find the correct answer and write the name of the state in the blank next to the number. Example: 1.___Colorado________________CO 2.___________________________NH 3.___________________________ID 4.___________________________OH 5.___________________________MS 6.___________________________AK 7.___________________________ME 8.___________________________WI 9.___________________________WY 10.__________________________KY

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United States Abbreviations Quiz

Part A Write the letter of the state for each abbreviation in the blank space.

1._____MN a. Indiana

2._____MI b. Mississippi

3._____MS c. Iowa

4._____IA d. Minneapolis

5._____IN e. Michigan

6._____ND a. Nevada

7._____NV b. North Carolina

8._____NJ c. New Jersey

9._____NY d. North Dakota

10.____NC e. New York

Part B Write the spelling for each state abbreviation in the blank space.

11.______________________OH 16._______________________MN

12.______________________NM 17._______________________VT

13.______________________ID 18._______________________OR

14.______________________NY 19._______________________LA

15.______________________OK 20._______________________AL

4 POINT BONUS

Austin is the capital of __________________________________________________________.

Las Vegas is located in _________________________________________________________.

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Capital Cities and State Abbreviations

Part A Write the name of the state for each abbreviation.

1._________________VT 8._________________OH 15._________________UT

2._________________WV 9._________________DC 16._________________OR

3._________________SC 10._________________MN 17._________________SD

4._________________MA 11._________________WA 18._________________RI

5._________________PA 12._________________LA 19._________________NY

6._________________IL 13._________________MI 20._________________MT

7._________________ME 14._________________GA 21._________________AK

Part B

Write the abbreviation of the state for each capital city in the blank space.

1. Montgomery ______ 6. Franklin ______ 11. Ankorage ______

2. Atlanta ______ 7. Carson City ______ 12. Hartford ______

3. Indianapolis ______ 8. Boise ______ 13. Columbus ______

4. Spokane ______ 9. Helena ______ 14. Providence ______

5. Sacramento ______ 10. Harrisburg ______ 15. Phoenix ______

4 POINT BONUS – Write the answer in the blank space.

______________________ Sacramento is the capital of which state? (Use abbreviation).

______________________ In what state is the Great Salt Lake located? (Use abbreviation.)

___________________ Lansing is the capital of which state? (Spell out the name.)

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Conventional Abbreviations Common Words Word Abb.doctor dr. verb v. synonym syn. incorporated Inc. limited ltd. street St. avenue Ave. boulevard Blvd

. lane Ln. post office PO noun n. adjective adj. conjunction conj

. mile mi. Sunday Sun. Mister Mr. Miss Ms. revision rev. apartment Apt. suite Ste. road Rd. example ex. Figure Fig. duplicate dup. spelling sp. Part B - Use a dictionary and write the correct abbreviation in the blank space. 1._____________ August 7.____________ average 2._____________ district attorney 8.____________ miscellaneous 3._____________ as soon as possible 9.____________ manufacturer 4._____________ secretary 10.____________ paid 5._____________ middle 11.____________ overcharge 6 BONUS POINTS In the space below, use an abbreviation in a six-word sentence.

Part A Practice Use the table of information to find the correct answer. Write the abbreviation of the italic word in the blank next to the number. Example: 1.__dr.___ The doctor was not able to see any more patients today. 2.______His address is 249 Holland Avenue. 3.______I am taking the American College Test. 4.______Do you know Miss White? 5.______Write the abbreviation for the word spelling. 6.______Please refer to Figure 2.6 List of Companies on page 27. 7.______We stayed at his apartment in town. 8.______I addressed the envelop to Mister Jose Garcia. 9.______The name of his company is Blackburn Incorporated.

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Acronyms An acronym is a word formed by the initial letters of a name. Example: CD means compact disk. Use a dictionary and write the correct answer in each empty space. Names and Acronyms Name Acronym Post Office

PO

American Medical Association

SAT

ER

CPR

National Organization for Women

NASA

IRS

AOL

Automatic Teller Machine

HBO

DC

Certified Public Accountant

DDS

MD

United States

EXTRA BONUS POINTS (2 points per word)

Part A Exercise Write the correct acronym for the words in italics in each sentence. 1.__________________My brother is employed by the Dallas Museum of Arts. 2.__________________How many of you watch the Turner News Network? 3.__________________Did you know my whole family has graduated from Ohio State University? 4.__________________What is the abbreviation for the phrase, Hazardous Operating Vehicle? 5.__________________How many people actually go to the emergency room for routine check-ups? 6.__________________The Federal Bureau of Investigation is a highly classified agency in the US government. 7._________________Cable News Network is on the air 24 hours a day, seven days a week. 8._________________His Master of Arts Degree is from The University of Dallas. 9._________________ The Professional Golf Association has been around for quiet a long time.

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Metrics and Measurements Write the correct acronym for the word in the bold font. You may use a dictionary. 1. _______________How many centimeters long is that wire?

2. _______________There are 100 yards length in a football field.

3. _______________Tomas has grown three inches just this past summer.

4. _______________So how many pounds are recorded for the weight of the largest pumpkin?

5. _______________Sound is measured in decibels.

6. _______________That cylinder holds about eight gallons of water.

7. _______________How many teaspoons make a tablespoon?

8. _______________I bought a quart of milk just the other day and now it’s gone.

9. _______________How many miles are between here and there?

10. _______________How many feet are in a mile?

11. _______________How many kilometers are in seven miles?

12. _______________Call the realtor and ask the exact square feet of the living room.

13. _______________The highway speed through the county is 55 miles per hour.

14. _______________How many liters of Coke should I buy for the party tonight?

15. _______________How many pints are in a quart of liquid?

16. _______________How many inches are in a millimeter?

17. _______________The measurement for frequency is hertz?

18. _______________How many inches are in a yard?

19. _______________That recipe only uses one tablespoon of olive oil.

20. _______________The measurement for an electric current is an ampere?

21. _______________A mass is measured in an increment called a kilogram.

22. _______________How many ounces equal a pound?

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Prefixes

Common Prefixes

Prefix Meaning Root – Base Word New Word a/non not judgmental nonjudgemental anti/contra against band contraband counter opposite; against act counteract de from part depart dis not; opposite of; from agree disagree em in body embody ex away; from; not change exchange geo of the earth metric geometric hetero different geneous heterogeneous hyper/super over; above sensitive/hero hypersensitive/superherohypo/sub beneath; under dermis/way hypodermis/subway il /im /in not; into legal/practical/action illegal/impractical/inactioninter between; among net internet intra within state intrastate mis wrong; lacking something count miscount para beside phrase paraphrase per through severe persevere peri/epi around meter/center perimeter/epicenter post after graduate postgraduate pre/pro before view preview/procreate re again; back finish refinish retro back grade retrograde semi/hemi half circle/sphere semicircle/hemisphere syn together optic synoptic trans across ship transship ultra beyond sound ultrasound un opposite of able unable Examples

1. Everyone was certain that he was unable to finish the test in time.

2. There was a miscount in the Student Council election last year.

3. There are always at least five previews before the movie starts.

4. What time does your depart from DFW?

Part A Practice Use the Common Prefixes table and write a word to complete each sentence.

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1. The election officials are going to conduct another count of all the votes in the state. 2. Someone said the fire department will be ______________to collect that much money.

3. I intend to do my ______________work at the University of Utah. 4. Today’s ______________communication has opened up many business opportunities.

5. He seems to ______________with me about everything when we talk about politics. 6. What time did Fight 77 ______________from LA?

7. I have an old dining hutch that I am going to ______________next week.

8. He is a ___________________ of the University of Dallas.

9. Last year I had to ______________________the sweater my parents gave me for my

birthday.

10. Even though my PC is really fast, it took me awhile to get on the __________________.

11. I think this conclusion will be fine as soon as I ___________________the last sentence.

12. The __________________is a new technology for checking the health of a baby before it is born.

13. Although he made some very good argument, I still _______________________with his

opinion.

14. Batman is a good example of an American comic book __________________________.

15. It is ________________ for any citizen to vote twice in the same election.

16. A half of a circle is also known as a __________________.

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Common Prefixes Quiz Write the letter of the word to complete each sentence correctly in the blank next to the number. a. dismount b. unequal c. react d. mistreat e. prequalify 1.____I don't think that was a good way to ____. 2.____The mix is made of ___amounts of water and sugar. 3.____We have laws about people who __animals. 4.____When you make a certain amount of money you automatically ___for the loan. 5.____He lost points since he fell on the ___in the gymnastics competition. a. unable b. misinform c. interrupt d. perimeter e. hyperactive 6._____I do not think it is wise to____his class. 7._____ How many feet is the ____of the fence? 8._____Just because he has lots of energy does not mean he is _____. 9._____Did he say he was ___to come to the party? 10.____The newspaper usually does not ____people about voter results. Write the words True or False in each blank to describe if the sentence is correct or incorrect. 11.__________________The word enclose means to attach, surround or fold. 12.__________________The word discard means to throw away. 13.__________________If you are unable to perform a task, you may ask for help. 14.__________________To relocate means to move to another area. Common Prefixes

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Write the letter of the word in the blank next to the number to complete each sentence. a. ex-husband b. transgression c. illegal d. submarine e. improper 11. ____Wearing short skirts to school is considered ___________dress. 12. ____Does he know that it is _____________to do that? 13. ____Jose worked on a __________when he was in the Navy. 14. ____She never hears from her ______________. 15.____Assault is a major school _____________and could result in expulsion. Use the words above and write the word in the blank to make the sentence correct. a. interstate b. epitaphs c. implanted d. departing e. contraband 16. Cigarette papers may be considered drug _____________________________. 17. That cemetery has some strange _______________________________. 18. Which ________________________runs east and west through the city? 19. What time is your plane ______________________________? 20. Where was the bomb ______________________in the building? 5 POINT BONUS Use the word misinformed in a 6-word sentence. Use the space below.

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Prefixes Quiz Part A

Write the prefix or suffix for each word.

1. dangerous ________________ 2. misfire ________________ 3. careless ________________ 4. dismount ________________ 5. racer ________________ 6. misinform ________________ 7. reassemble ________________ 8. atypical ________________ 9. captivity ________________ 10. disorder ________________ 11. unequal ________________ 12. disable ________________ 13. refusal ________________ 14. useful ________________ 15. unhappy ________________ 16. thankful ________________ 17. immoral ________________ 18. undecided ________________ 19. quickly ________________ 20. drained ________________ 21. requirement ________________ 22. denied ________________

Part B Write the word correct in the blank if the statement is correct. Leave it blank if the statement is incorrect.

1. ________Everyone knew he was a careless driver, except no one would tell him. 2. ________ It is too dangerous for children to swim in deep water. 3. ________Did a car just misfire or was that a gunshot? 4. ________Very few Panda bears are raised in captivity. 5. ________Your refusal to cooperate will only get you into more trouble. 6. ________I am so thankful that you are staying with us. 7. ________ The entire room was still undecided after the first vote. 8. ________I really think you have to disable the printer. 9. ________It will take us most of the day to reassemble that unit. 10.________Some people see him as an immoral politician. 11. _______ The doctor will implant a new cornea in his left eye.

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Suffixes

Common Suffixes Suffix Meaning Root-Base Word New Word able capable of being (adj.) manage manageable al marked by (adj.) condition conditional an, ian relating to or like a thing or person (n) library, history librarian, historian ant being in a state or condition inhale inhalant d, ed shows past tense of a verb (v) show showed ee connected to something, a person or thing (nabsent absentee eer associated with person (n) ballad balladeer er person or a thing that does (n) race racer ess female (n) lion lioness ing having a quality (n) or present participle (v) land landing ion act or result of (n) invent invention ish being or having a quality (adj) self selfish ist one that performs an action (n) chemistry chemist ity state or quality of (n) normal normality ive acting like, tending toward an action (adj.) act active ize become; cause to become (v) vocal vocalize less lack of (adj.) care careless ly like; in the manner of (adv) slow slowly ment result of an action, process (n) settle settlement ness state, quality or condition of something (adj.) bright brightness or person or a thing that does (n) create creator ory a place or thing used for (adj.) advise advisory ous having or full of (adj) glory glorious s used for plurals, (n); present tense of (v)

or show possession car, come, Jack cars, comes, Jack's

Practice Use one of the words above to complete each sentence. Write the answer in the blank.

1. He is the most ___________________person I have ever known.

2. Thomas is studying to be a ___________________at the University of Utah.

3. Unfortunately, we all make _________________mistakes because we are only human.

4. The lawyers will negotiate a ______________on this case.

5. They ______________ that same video on every news channel.

6. Who was the ______________________of the modern day hamburger?

7. What time is Fight 77 ______________from San Francisco?

8. You can vote an ____________________ballot when you are out of the country.

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Identifying Suffixes Circle the suffixes for each of the words below. 1. laboratory 11. courageous 21. probable

2. circulation 12. devilish 22. bravery

3. careless 13. comic 23. recording

4. senator 14. autograph 24. inventor

5. settlement 15. satisfaction 25. observation

6. conductivity 16. elevator 26. likely

7. organize 17. proved 27. useful

8. punctuate 18. buccaneer 28. heavenly

9. socialist 19. delightful 29. legacy

10. senses 20. currency 30. electricity

Part A Practice From the words listed below, write the best answer in the blank space to complete the sentence.

1. Ben Franklin was also known as a great ________________________.

Senator inventor comic

2. The five _________________are vision, touch, smell, taste, and hearing.

currency settlement senses

3. The _________________ on Saturday Night Live was very funny.

comic autograph buccaneer

4. He was the most _________________ soldier in his regiment.

courageous bravery proved

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Root (Base) Words The root word is the base vocabulary word. A suffix is the ending of a word. Example: Root Word Prefix Suffix like unlike likeness Part A Practice Read the directions carefully. Write the root word in the space next to the vocabulary word. Then write the prefix or suffix in the next column. Root Prefix or Suffix 1. mannerly _______________ _______________ 2. association _______________ _______________ 3. differentiate _______________ _______________ 4. heterogeneous _______________ _______________ 5. satisfactory _______________ _______________ 6. community _______________ _______________ 7. kindness _______________ _______________ 8. terminate _______________ _______________ 9. premature _______________ _______________ 10. activation _______________ _______________ 11. secondary _______________ _______________ 12. likely _______________ _______________ 13. collector _______________ _______________ 14. interviewer _______________ _______________ 15. commander _______________ _______________ 16. calculation _______________ _______________

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Base Words Quiz Write the root word for each vocabulary word below. Example: restart start re_______ Base Prefix or Suffix 1. refinery _______________ _______________ 2. assessor _______________ _______________ 3. assembler _______________ _______________ 4. selfish _______________ _______________ 5. inventor _______________ _______________ 6. comic _______________ _______________ 7. hitter _______________ _______________ 8. interaction _______________ _______________ 9. conditional _______________ _______________ 10. defendant _______________ _______________ 11. pushed _______________ _______________ 12. tigress _______________ _______________ 13. establishment _______________ _______________ 14. auditory _______________ _______________ 15. visual _______________ _______________ 16. vacancy _______________ _______________ 17. migration _______________ _______________ 18. geology _______________ _______________ 19. mathematics _______________ _______________ 20. astronomy _______________ _______________

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Compound Words Compound words are words that are created by combining two separate words. Example: book + case = bookcase down + stairs = downstairs Part A Write the words below as compound words. ___________________ up + stairs ___________________ out + side ___________________ back + yard ___________________ black + top ___________________ some + time ___________________ guide + line ___________________ class + mate ___________________ six + teen ___________________ back + ground ___________________ any + thing ___________________ every + body ___________________ can + not ___________________ her + self ___________________ relation + ship ___________________ for + go ___________________ kettle + drum ___________________ off + shore ___________________ hand + some ___________________ air + craft

Base Words

Part B Write a sentence using a compound word in the space below. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

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Read the sentences and write the suffix for the root word. Example: _______task_____ How many total tasks were there on the test? 1. _______________ He is a very practical man. 2. _______________ Is that an example of a computer graphic? 3. _______________ Terry was the third interviewee they saw yesterday. 4. _______________ He is a very famous creator. 5. _______________ She is a very intoxicating and seductive woman. 6. _______________ Those events in that movie were factual. 7. _______________ Did you think his character was believable? 8. _______________ The gunner was located on the top of the battleship. 9. _______________ The singer was great but the singer was off-key. 10. _______________ Jimmy Hendrix was a great guitarist in the 1960’s. 11. _______________ Many science fiction authors visualize the future. 12. _______________ His writing is barley readable. 13. _______________ Let’s discuss the complexity of this issue in detail. 14. _______________ That book illustrates the use of symbolism. 15. _______________ He has always been her confidant. 16. _______________ The impurity of the water is very visible to me. 17. _______________ How could you be so careless with the car? 18. _______________ That drug induces psychotic behavior. 19. _______________ These represent standardized test scores. 20. _______________ How many churches have established schools? 21. _______________ Then suddenly we heard this loud crash. 22. _______________ The humidity is really high today.

Base Words, Prefixes, and Suffixes Example: Base Word Prefix or Suffix

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unconcscious conscious un 1. mannerly _______________ _______________ 2. inappropriate _______________ _______________ 3. immaterial _______________ _______________ 4. homogeneous _______________ _______________ 5. parameter _______________ _______________ 6. community _______________ _______________ 7. retroactive _______________ _______________ 8. refine _______________ _______________ 9. interstate _______________ _______________ 10. aqueduct _______________ _______________ 11. except _______________ _______________ 12. underestimate _______________ _______________ 13. semicircle _______________ _______________ 14. epicenter _______________ _______________ 15. interaction _______________ _______________ 16. unconditional _______________ _______________ 17. depart _______________ _______________ 18. bicycle _______________ _______________ 19. hypersensitive _____________ _______________ 20. amoral _____________ _______________ 21. trimester _____________ _______________ 22. annual _____________ _______________

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Prefixes and Suffixes Quiz Read the sentence and circle the synonym that means the same as the word in italics. 1. Of all your friends, Harry is the most mannerly young man.

Rude ugly polite

2. What time does your flight depart from Las Vegas? Arrive leave land

3. Did you drop off my bicycle at the shop to be repaired?

Fixed painted sold 4. I didn’t think that comic on TV last night was very funny.

Actor comedian newscaster 5. He doesn’t think that I communicate with my friends in Europe.

Write defend remember 6. Her performance on the test was satisfactory.

Great failing passing Write the word or the definition for the prefix or suffix listed 1. ___________________a town, city, parish or group of people 2. ___________________detailed 3. ___________________sinful or without conscious 4. ___________________a gathering or encounter 5. ___________________a start 6. ___________________not aware of actions or behavior 7. ___________________not adequate 8. ___________________alike 9. ___________________well-known by many 10. ___________________the love of money 5 POINT BONUS Explain what the word encapsulate means.

meeting beginning specific community amoral

similar greedy famous insufficient unconscious

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Capitalization Pretest Please circle all words that need to be capitalized. April 5, 2003 mr. chester roberts, principal st. cloud high school 525 anacona avenue st. cloud, mn 56303 (612) 452-2323. dear mrs. lester: I would like to apply for the swimming counselor position that ben nicols said was open. I am a senior at st. cloud high school and am eighteen years old. for the last two years i have been the junior swimming counselor at camp winnebega in cauhoga falls, Wisconsin. i have just received my examiner’s badge in lifesaving and am now certified for the position of senior swimming counselor. The following people gave me permission to use their names as references: mrs. moore, director, camp winnebega, box 150, cauhoga falls, wi 54612 (414) 936-1212. mr. chester roberts, principal, st. cloud high school, 525 anacona avenue, st. cloud, mn 56303 (612) 452-2323. I will be glad to come for an interview. yours, jack allen 2300 chester blvd apt. 5 Minneapolis, mn 56308 Please address the envelop below using the information above.

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Capitalization Rules

Categories for Capitalization

Category Example Geographical areas: cities, states , countries, continents, addresses

Dallas, Texas, United States, North America, 235 Lakewood Drive

Proper nouns: names, titles President Clinton, Secretary of State, Races, religions, nationalities, & cultures Asian, Catholic, European, Hispanic Governmental institutions, parties, treaties, documents, historical events, agencies

Communism, Republicans, NATO, US Constitution, Civil War, NASA

Bodies of water: oceans, lakes, rivers, creeks Atlantic, Great Salt Lake, Mississippi River Heavenly bodies: galaxies, planets, stars, moons

Milky Way, Earth, Europa

Special events and holidays Boston Marathon, Yom Kipper, Easter Organizations & clubs American Heart Association, Boy Scouts of

America Institutions: schools, colleges & universities, hospitals, churches, synogogues

Carlton Elementary, Harvard University, University of Florida, Family Medical Center, United Methodist Church, Shalom Temple

Business firms, product or brand names, buildings, bridges,

Sears Tower, Sony, World Trade Center, Brooklyn Bridge

Recreational facilities: parks, resorts, monuments, landmarks

Carlsbad Caverns, Camp David, Kennedy Memorial, The Grand Canyon

Transportation: automobiles, trains, ships, aircraft,

Rolls Royce, Amtrack, Titanic, Enterprise

First word of a sentence, quotation, line of a work of art

Since you are red, you play first.

Works of Art: musical compositions, paintings, poetry, plays, movies, television shows,

Beethoven’s Fifth Symphony, Mona Lisa, The Raven, Hair, The Bride of Frankenstein

The pronoun (I) Steve and I are going alone. Calendar names: years, months, days of the week

BC, October, Monday, A.D.

Deity names: gods, saints God, Hercules, St. Vincent, Mother Teresa Awards & recognitions The Olympic Gold Medal, Man of the Year

Practice

Rewrite any words or phrases that need to be capitalized.

1. star wars _____________________________

2. President Herbert Hoover _____________________________

3. wheel of fortune _____________________________

4. richland college _____________________________

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Capitalization Quiz

Place a checkmark in the space next to the number only for those sentences that are correct. 1.____Did you see the special that was on cbs last night? 2.____On our vacation to Italy we visited rome, milan and florence. 3.____No one ever thought that I could even qualify for the US Olympic Team. 4.____That novel takes place in the Middle ages. 5.____The professor is not that familiar with asian artifacts. 6.____We are all going over to Jose’s house to watch the super bowl. 7.____We are holding a bake sale to raise money for the junior prom. 8.____Do you know all the verses to “Amercia the beautiful”? 9.____That bill was sponsored by the National Organization for women. 10.___Have you seen the movie, “The Last of the Mohicans”? 11.___The gods of the ancient greeks were feared by many men and women. 12.___That decision was reviewed by the supreme court and was not reversed. 13.___I wonder where the world’s fair is going to be. 14.___Are we going to aunt Mary’s next Saturday to watch the game? 15.___Who said, “give me liberty or give me death”? 16.___That movie was premiered at the loewe’s grand theatre in Atlanta, GA. 17.___What woman served in the US house of representatives? 18.___The rio grande is the southwestern border between Texas and Mexico. 19.___They took him to St. Mark’s hospital yesterday. 20.___Maimi Beach is near Biscayne bay and the Atlantic Ocean. 21.___The evergaldes National park is major attraction in southern Florida 22.___The terrorist attack on the world trade center in America was a great loss of life. 3 POINT BONUS Write the name of a landmark in Washington DC.

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Capitalization of Titles Read the sentences carefully and circle only the words that should begin with an upper case letter. 1. One of the longest movies I ever saw was titanic.

2. The poem, the raven, was written by one of the most famous writers in American literature.

3. The documentary, 60 minutes has been on CBS for years.

4. I have not read the latest article in people magazine about her.

5. I think I have seen the Beatles’ yellow submarine over twenty times.

6. Have you seen the dallas morning news today?

7. One of the greatest tragedies in NASA history was the explosion of the challenger.

8. Have you read the biography of president Franklin D. Roosevelt?

9. I have all of Celine Dion’s CDs except for the color of my love.

10. I can’t believe the game show, wheel of fortune is still on TV.

11. Don’t forget that you have a dentist appointment with dr. white in the morning.

12. I have a copy of roget’s II new theasaurus.

13. Next semester we are reading Shakespeare’s romero and juliet.

14. The declaration of independence clearly outlines the philosophy of US democracy.

15. Do you really believe some of those stories in the enquirer?

16. Have you ever read the prophet by Cahlil Gibran?

17. Right now I am learning the new software package, microsoft access 2000.

18. My father reads the wall street journal every morning.

19. How many NASA astronauts were killed in the challenger accident?

20. I am going to use the world book encyclopedia for the basis of the research paper.

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Punctuation

Endings of Sentences

Four Basic Types of Sentences

Type Purpose Punctuation Example Declarative This sentence

describes or states something.

A declarative sentence ends with a period. (.)

Maria just lives around the corner on my block.

Interrogative This sentence usually asks a question or makes a request.

An interrogative sentence ends with a question mark. (?)

Where you going?

Imperative This sentence is a command that tells someone to do something.

An imparative sentence ends with a period. (.)

Charles, hand me that book.

Interjection This sentence shows emotion.

An interjection ends with an exclamation point. (!)

Be careful, he has a gun!

Read the sentences and write the word Correct or Error in the blank to identify each statement. 1. _________________Harry gave me that for my birthday. 2. _________________Give me about ten more minutes and then I will go to the store. 3. _________________Do you really think he is going to be the next president? 4. _________________He lives just about two miles from my house 5. _________________Stop that man! 6. _________________How do you expect to pass this test if you haven’t studied the material. 7. _________________Jennifer, did you tell me you were going to ride with us to the game. 8. _________________Put the car in the garage and carry the grocery bags in the house. 9. _________________Remember, I am leaving for the airport very early tomorrow. 10. _________________So what makes you think we don’t have a chance to win? 4 POINT BONUS Is this statement True or False? ________________________ The word English is always capitalized.

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Commas A comma is used to separate a list of things. Example: Harry Connie and I are working at the car wash this summer. Correct: Harry, Connie, and I are working at the car wash this summer. It is also used to create a pause in a sentence. Example: Jose are you really going to be a life guard at the pool? Correct: Jose, are you really going to be a life guard at the pool? Example: Even though he is short he is still very attractive. Correct: Even though he is short, he is still very attractive. It also sets off a word or phase that modifies a noun. Example: Jeffrey the student council president is going to study in France next summer. Correct: Jeffrey, the student council president, is going to study in France next

summer. Part A Practice Write in the correct punctuation for each sentence. 1. Last night we bought peanuts sodas and hotdogs at the baseball game. 2. Mr. Jackson Carla’s father has been a fireman for over ten years. 3. Terry is bringing cookies brownies and chips to the party. 4. I am not really interested in studying microbiology. 5. David are you really going to start graduate school this fall? 6. Someone drafted Bradley our captain of the football team to help with that project. 7. Just turn right on Clemons Ave. left on Razor St. and right on White Terrace. 8. Since you are going to the mall can you give Jesus a ride to school? 9. No one not even Dennis has a key to the boat house. 10. I just finished reading that book about Selena the famous Tejano singer.

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Apostrophe and Contractions A contraction is a shortened version of two words that are used together. An apostrophe (‘) is used to indicate that the word is a contraction.

Table 1. Common Contractions Practice

Words Contraction do not don’t did not didn’t cannot can’t is not isn’t

will not won’t should not shouldn’t could not couldn’t would not wouldn’t has not hasn’t

Phrases Contraction they are They’re we were we’re he had he’d she has she’s

I am I’m you are you’re

it is it’s what is what’s how is how’s

Practice Place an X beside any sentence that is incorrect. 1. ______She doesn’t have any money of her own.

2. ______We really shoul’dnt stay because it’s getting late.

3. ______I’m going to the Cowboys game next Saturday.

4. ______Who’s winning?

5. ______Your not taking a jacket with you?

6. ______Here’s how it works.

7. ______Whats’ the name of that monument in Lee Park?

Write the correct contraction in the space next to the

sentence. 1. ___________________Why has not she called me?

2. ___________________I am not going there.

3. ___________________He has left the building.

4. ___________________She was not in class today.

5. ___________________He will not try out.

6. ___________________They are already in trouble.

7. ___________________ We were just leaving.

8. ___________________What is his name?

9. ___________________How is your mother?

10. ___________________We should not leave her.

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Contractions Test Write the contraction for the words in each sentence. Use the apostrophe correctly. 1. ______________________He should not have gone to the party alone.

2. ______________________Harry is not having a Winter Holiday party this year.

3. ______________________Thanksgiving is an American tradition.

4. ______________________So tell me, what is the name of capital of the United States?

5. ______________________You are not allowed to play until you have passing grades.

6. ______________________They are leaving for Canada early Saturday morning.

7. ______________________No one is to blame because we are all in this together.

8. ______________________He is playing in the marching band this year.

9. ______________________The weatherman said it is going to hotter than usual today.

10. ______________________He had been wanted for grand theft in three other states.

11. ______________________There is no way that I am leaving here without you.

12. ______________________That is not how I was taught to play the guitar.

13. ______________________They did not tell me that you were coming for the holidays.

14. ______________________He does not know anything about the surprise.

15. ______________________Some said they are staying in the Bahamas another two weeks.

16. ______________________She is not the same person I met ten years ago.

17. ______________________You are meeting with the board of directors tomorrow.

18. ______________________He thinks he cannot break his record this year.

19. ______________________They will not make it to the playoffs if they lose again.

20. ______________________You had better explain about the car accident.

21. ______________________They were surprised she had won the award.

22. ______________________If you have any suggestions, I am listening.

23. ______________________Lately I have been having trouble going to sleep.

24. ______________________He was not in the car at the time of the accident.

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Hyphen A hyphen is a punctuation mark used to divide a word between syllables at the end of a line. Example: Everyone at the party agrees that Jose looks very much like his old- er brother. A hyphen is also used to connect parts of a compound word. Example: Jack is a very happy-go-lucky person. Part A Practice Dividing Words Use a dictionary and place a hyphen between the syllables. Example: Internet In-ter-net 1. everyone _______________________________ 2. different _______________________________ 3. moment _______________________________ 4. international _______________________________ 5. corporate _______________________________ 6. publicity _______________________________ 7. classification _______________________________ 8. function _______________________________ 9. hospital _______________________________ 10. laboratory _______________________________ Part B Compound Words and Phrases 1. self defense _______________________________ 2. ex students _______________________________ 3. two thirds _______________________________ 4. twenty eight _______________________________ 5. well organized _______________________________

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Numerical Expression Write the numbers in long hand for each numerical expression. Use the key below: Whole Numbers one - 1 six - 6 eleven - 11 sixteen - 16 thirty - 30 two - 2 seven - 7 twelve -12 seventeen - 17 forty - 40 three - 3 eight - 8 thirteen -13 eighteen - 18 fifty - 50 four - 4 nine - 9 fourteen – 14 nineteen - 19 sixty - 60 five - 5 ten - 10 fifteen – 15 twenty - 20 Seventy - 70 eighty - 80 ninety - 90 hundred -100 thousand -1000 million - 1,000,000 Decimals and Fractions One tenth – 1/10 or .10 One hundredth – 1/100 or.100 Examples: 10 ten 2,005 two-thousand five 21 twenty-one 12,942 twelve-thousand-nine-hundred-forty-two 300 three-hundred Part A Practice 1. 8 ________________________ 6. 19 ___________________ 2. 11 ________________________ 7. 609 ___________________ 3. 17 ________________________ 8. 65 ___________________ 4. 33 ________________________ 9. 78 ___________________ 5. 214 ________________________ 10. 60 ___________________ Write the number for each numerical expression. 11. _____________ seventy-nine hundred 12. _____________ seventy-six million 13. _____________ thirty-four thousand seven 14. _____________ one-hundred-six-thousand-eight

Writing Notes

Use a comma ( , ) to separate thousands and millions.Example: 1000 + 523 = 1, 523 Use a hyphen ( - ) to separate tens from ones. Example: 20 + 1 = twenty-one

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Conjunctions A conjunction is a word that joins parts of a sentence to relate thoughts, words, or phrases together.

Conjunctions

Types Words Coordinating and, but, or, nor, so, yet Correlative either or, neither nor, both and, not only, but also

Subordinating since, even though, although, after, therefore, however, consequently, as, before, until, if, because, unless, whenever, while, where, wherever, in order that, as soon as, so that,

Part A Practice Write the type of conjunction for each italic word in the sentence. 1. ________________________ You and I saw that play last year.

2. ________________________ Either you or James can meet me at the dance.

3. ________________________ He has been depressed since she passed away.

4. ________________________ I think he gave it to her, but I don’t know for sure.

5. ________________________ After the game is over, let’s go for pizza.

6. ________________________ Neither Harry nor James finished the marathon.

7. ________________________ Are Jose or Maria riding with us to the game?

8. ________________________ We lost one game; therefore, we missed the finals.

9. ________________________ Both of you are eligible, but I’m not.

10. ________________________ I’ll buy the tickets now so we don’t have to wait.

11. ________________________ We made the playoffs; however, we lost by two points.

12. ________________________ I am going to Europe as soon as I save enough money.

13. _______________________ Not only will you attend; but also, Ted will be there.

14. _______________________ Everyone needs to pay $25.00 as soon as possible.

15. _______________________ He promised to tell us, yet I don’t understand why.

16. _______________________ I can’t go tonight because I have to study.

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Making Connections Write the correct conjunction in the space next to the number to connect the sentences.

Part B Practice with coordinating conjunctions.

Coordinating and, but, or, nor, so, yet

1. __________________ Jack, Terry, _________I plan to finish the science project next week.

2. __________________ Did Mrs. White give the pass to you________Maria?

3. __________________ Yes, ________I did return the book to the Librarian.

4. __________________ He still has another chance, ____ don’t count him out.

5. __________________ Maria_________Jose has the map to the museum.

6. __________________ I think she was going to the dance first, _______I am not sure.

7. __________________ Are you going to ride with me, him _____her?

8. __________________ The store will take a credit card ________a personal check.

Part C Practice using correlative conjunctions.

Correlative either or, neither nor, both, not only, but also

9. __________________ _______Kevin______Connie were able to solve the last problem. 10. __________________ I think she gave the money to ________Thomas ________Debra? 11. __________________ He said that ________of you need to explain it to the Police. 12. __________________ He ______ _______worked every day, but also went to

school every night of the week.

13. __________________ The coach favors __________Jeffrey _____Jack as the quarterback. 14. __________________ _______ _________ did he win the first set, _____he ______won

the match for the title.

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Making Connections

Part D Practice using subordinating conjunctions

Subordinating since, even though, although, after, therefore, however, consequently, as, before, until, if, because, unless, whenever, while, where, wherever, in order that, as soon as, so that,

15. __________________ I thought she wanted to ride with us;________she went by herself.

16. __________________ I paid for your ticket ____ _____ we could see the play together.

17. __________________ Let’s eat lunch ___________we go shopping.

18. __________________ You can see the movie _____I get my hair cut.

19. __________________ We can go now _____________you want to wait until tomorrow.

20. __________________ It seems like I see him ______________I go.

21. __________________ There is smoke _____________there is fire.

22. __________________ ______ the dance we decided to go to the Pizza Café.

23. __________________ I can pay back the money, ___________it may take me six months.

24. __________________ I saved the money from washing cars, ____ ______I could go.

25. __________________ The trip is on 20th of this month, _____________that is next week.

26. __________________ He is stumbling in the dark, _______ he forgot his flashlight.

27. __________________ She waited for at the bus stop__________ it was dark.

28. __________________ I can pay you on this Friday, _____you need the money right now.

29. __________________ Wait for me fifteen minutes, ____you need a ride to the store.

30. __________________ I will return it to the store ____ ____ ____ I find the receipt.

31. __________________ I hardly go the theater anymore __________ you left town.

32. __________________ _________red is her favorite color, she bought the white car.

4 POINT BONUS

Write a nine -word sentence using the subordinating conjunction before.

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Regular Verbs Regular Verbs Pretest Read the sentences carefully. Write the word correct in the space of only those sentences that are accurate. Example: ____correct_______ Rene baked a pie yesterday. 1. __________________ Senators voted on the bill. 2. __________________ Some soft drinks stain carpeting. 3. __________________ The president was a governor of Texas. 4. __________________ She has baked a beautiful cake for you. 5. __________________ Our soccer team plays the Tigers next week. 6. __________________ They carried the football for more than 150 yards the first half. 7. __________________ Jose stays with his grandmother when he visits Dallas. 8. __________________ It is bothering everyone. 9. __________________ I am trading in my old computer for a new one. 10. __________________ She wait everyday for him after school. 11. __________________ The cafeteria at school serve pizza every Friday. 12. __________________ You dance really well . 13. __________________ I failed that class. 14. __________________ He recommend that we go to the movies tonight. 15. __________________ It stops every time I hit the control key. 16. __________________ The noise happened during 5th period. 17. __________________ She is recovering from the flu. 18. __________________ We wave goodbye to our friends as they board the plane. 19. __________________ She arrive late last night on the last flight. 20. __________________ They sound the bell twice during lunch hour.

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Regular Verb Tenses

Pronouns Present Past Past Participle

Present Participle

Future

I play played have played am playing will be playing

He/she/it plays played has played is playing will be playing

you play played have played are playing will be playing

We/they play played have played are playing will be playing

Use the examples above to help you complete the tables below.

Pronouns Present Past Past Participle

Present Participle

Future

I

He/she/it visits

is visiting

you

We/they

Pronouns Present Past Past

Participle Present

Participle Future

I

He/she/it

pushed

you

We/they

Pronouns Present Past Past

Participle Present

Participle Future

I

Am laughing

He/she/it

laughed

you

We/they laugh

will be laughing

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Regular Verbs Quiz Place an X in the blank by sentences that have an error.

Part A 1. _____Terry, Jack, and I placed third

in the science fair competition.

2. _____What makes you think he cheated

on his test?

3. _____I am skipping the first part of the

test but will take it on Monday.

4. _____She grades for spelling and

punctuation also.

5. _____I will be matching your

contribution.

6. _____He is kicking the ball farther

during every game.

7. _____She wrecked her mother’s car

on the way to Pizza Hut.

8. _____It have cooked for about three

hours on low heat.

9. _____He has planted over ten trees

in his back yard.

10. _____He bake four dozen brownies to

raise money for the school trip.

11. _____Maria change her wet clothes

and put on something dry.

12. _____What makes you think that he

are moving there right away?

13. _____We calling everyone in the

neighborhood for donations.

14. _____He and she danced

professionally for years.

15. _____I tried my best to keep the car

clean, but it rained yesterday.

Part B 1. _____The hot beach burn the bottom

of his feet yesterday.

2. _____She live across from the park

in the red brick house.

3. ______We own our Toyota but it’s not

paid off.

4. ______Connie and Claudia is leas- ing

a two bedroom apartment at college.

5. _____Todd’s answers match all of

mine on the math practice test.

6. _____I have tested positive for an

allergic reaction to shrimp.

7. _____Her writing generates long

discussions at the Book Club.

8. _____It happen to me when I was

driving home from the grocery.

9. _____That black and white dog are

walking with a limp.

10. _____She am cleaning her room

before she goes out tonight.

11. _____Our parents talk to my

grandparents in Mexico every week.

12. _____He carries the groceries into

the house for his mother every week.

13. _____Jack mow the lawn for his

neighbor because she is elderly.

14. _____That I has decided to attend

the university in the fall.

15. _____We lock my bike in the garage

so it will be safe.

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Linking Verbs Linking Verbs is am are was were have has be will should could would shall can does do been had Write in the helping (linking) verb in the blank next to the number to make the sentence correct. 1._____________ I ______ scheduling an appointment. 2._____________ She ________ opened the package. 3. _____________ You will______ arriving on Tuesday. 4. _____________ The movies________ showing it now. 5. _____________ He ______celebrating his birthday. 6. _____________ We _______ rewarding his good grades. 7. _____________ It really ______taking a long time. 8. _____________ ________you working at this table? 9. _____________ ________they late getting to the game? 10. _____________ He_____been arriving tardy to school. 11._____________ I ______ scheduling an appointment. 12. _____________ I______waiting for her at the school front doors 13. _____________ We______voting on school council members Tuesday. 14. _____________ It____currently living only in salt water. 15. _____________ You_______tried that before. 16. _____________ He _________turning in his science project tomororw. 17. _____________ She________requesting to hold the dance next week. 18. _____________ That old grocery store _____going to be torn down next week.

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Linking Verbs Quiz Place an X in the space if the sentence is incorrect.

Part A 1. _____I am placed third in the science fair

competition.

2. _____What makes you think he have

cheated on his test?

3. _____I am switching lockers with Maria

on Monday.

4. _____She has been grading for spelling

and punctuation also.

5. _____I be collecting match books for

almost three years.

6. _____He is kicking the ball farther

during every game.

7. _____She had wrecked her mother’s

car on the way to Pizza Hut.

8. _____It have cooked for about three

hours on low heat.

9. _____He watering his garden in the back

yard every morning.

10. _____He had baked four dozen brownies

for the school trip.

11. _____Maria was change from math to

English second period.

12. _____What makes you think that he are

moving there right away?

13. _____We calling everyone in the

neighborhood for donations.

14. _____He and she are now dancing

professionally in NY.

15. _____I tried my best to keep the car

clean, but it rained yesterday.

Part B 1. _____The hot beach has burn the

bottom of his feet yesterday.

2. _____She was living across from the

park in the red brick house?

3. ______We are leasing a convertible

while we are on vacation.

4. ______Connie and Claudia is living in

a two bedroom apartment at college.

5. _____Todd’s answers do match all of

mine on the math practice test.

6. _____I was preparing for the final

exam tomorrow.

7. _____Her assessment of the situation is

correct.

8. _____It may be happening to everyone

who uses that ATM machine.

9. _____Jesus will be studying for the rest

of the night for the test.

10. _____She is cleaning her room before

she goes out tonight.

11. _____Our parents talk to my

grandparents in Mexico every week.

12. _____He carries the groceries into the

house for his mother every week.

13. _____Jack mow the lawn for his

neighbor because she is elderly.

14. _____ I has decided to attend the

university in the fall.

15. _____We lock my bike in the garage

so it will be safe.

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Irregular Verb Tenses

Irregular Verbs Matrix

Present Past Past Participle Present Participle sing sang sung singing ring rang rung ringing do did done ding go went gone going

begin began begun beginning fly flew flown flying try tried tried trying

grew grow grown growing know knew known knowing break broke broken breaking wear wore worn wearing steal stole stolen stealing cut cut cut cutting

burst burst burst bursting come came come coming

fall fell fell falling choose chose chosen choosing drink drank drunk drinking drive drove driven driving bring brought brought bringing blow blew blown blowing

freeze froze frozen freezing speak spoke spoken speaking see saw seen seeing take took taken taking swim swam swum swimming give gave given giving run ran run running

shrink shrank shrunk shrinking write wrote written writing throw threw thrown throwing ride rode ridden riding

Part A Practice Place an X by each sentence that is incorrect. 1.____He has began studying for the bar exam.

2.____I am so sorry that I shrank your sweater in the dryer.

3.____Has anyone spoke to her mother and asked her about the accident.

4.____We all contributed and bought him a new baseball glove.

5.____I am going to the store early in the morning.

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Irregular Verb Tenses Fill in the blanks with the correct verb tense.

Present Past Past Participle Present Participle see saw seeing take taken taking swim swam swimming

gave given giving run run running

shrink shrank shrinking write wrote written throw threw throwing ride ridden riding

Fill in the blanks with the correct verb tense.

Present Past Past Participle Present Participle sing sung singing ring rang ringing do did done go went going

begun beginning fly flown flying try tried trying

grew grow grown Fill in the blanks with the correct verb tense.

Present Past Past Participle Present Participle knew known knowing

break broken breaking wear wore wearing steal stole stolen cut cut cutting

burst burst bursting came come coming

fall fell falling Write the word to make the sentence correct. 1._____________ I (break, broke) my appointment yesterday. 2._____________ She is (cutting, cut) her hair really short this time. 3. _____________ You will be (selling, solding) your books after you use them.

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Irregular Verbs Quiz Place an X by any sentence that is incorrect.

Part A 1. _____Terry, Jack, and I began third in

the science fair competition

2. _____What makes you think he had

stole the money?

3. _____I am swimming the first race

on Monday.

4. _____She cut two pieces of cake for

you and me.

5. _____I will be doing your share of

the work while you are gone.

6. _____He is kicking the ball farther

during every game.

7. _____She sang her mother’s favorite

song on her birthday.

8. _____It have gotten very cold outside

this afternoon.

9. _____He has ran over two miles for

the past two years every day.?

10. _____He freeze the leftovers for his

dinner the next day.

11. _____Maria fell down the stairs and

broke her arm.

12. _____What makes you think that we

are winning?

13. _____We is throwing all the old

newspaper away.

14. _____He and she have chose one

another to be partners.

15. _____I tried my best to keep the car

clean, but it rained yesterday.

Part B 1. _____The hot beach burn the bottom

of his feet yesterday.

2. _____She burst all the balloons using

a sharp pen?

3. ______He has blew the candles out

on his cake.

4. ______Connie and Claudia is coming

over to my apartment tomorrow.

5. _____Todd has droven his mother’s

car on long trips.

6. _____I have brought a dessert for after

dinner.

7. _____She have written a long paper

for the Book Club.

8. _____It has been getting louder ever

since we left Texas?

9. _____That black and white dog is rid-

ing in a red wagon.

10. _____She have spoken her peace

at the school board meeting.

11. _____Our parents give lots of money

to the PTA.

12. _____He always carries the groceries

into the house for his mother.

13. _____Jack steals second base ever

chance he gets.

14. _____I am running for student council

in the fall.

15. _____We sold my bike in the garage for

twenty-five dollars.

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Types of Sentences Four Basic Types of Sentences Type Purpose Punctuation Example Declarative This sentence

describes or states something.

A declarative sentence ends with a period. (.)

Maria just lives around the corner on my block.

Interrogative This sentence usually asks a question or makes a request.

An interrogative sentence ends with a question mark. (?)

Where are you going?

Imperative This sentence is a command that tells someone to do something.

An imparative sentence ends with a period. (.)

Charles, hand me that book.

Interjection This sentence shows emotion.

An interjection ends with an exclamation point. (!)

Be careful, he has a gun!

Part A Practice Write the word that identifies the type of sentence. 1._________________ Which highway runs north and south? 2._________________ We are going to the dance together tonight. 3._________________ Give me a call tomorrow. 4._________________ Mary has no idea that we are giving her a party. 5._________________ How many pizzas have we sold during lunch? 6._________________ I forgot my gym clothes today. 7._________________ Are you going to try out for the soccer team? 8._________________ Give me some water! 9._________________ She has the highest grade point average in our school. 10.________________ They left for the museum an hour ago. 11.________________ Hand me that ruler. 12.________________ Stay here until I come for you. 13.________________ Where are we going now? 14.________________ I need about 10 more minutes to finish this test.

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Types of Sentences Quiz Declarative Interrogative Exclamatory Imperative Write the word that identifies the type of sentence. 1. __________________ That is a beautiful dress you are wearing tonight. 2. __________________ Stop that car! 3. __________________ Where is the key to the locker? 4. __________________ When did you get here? 5. __________________ Give me my book. 6. __________________ Please, stand back! 7. __________________ Mexico is on the North American continent. 8. __________________ How do you know that? 9. __________________ Help me! 10. __________________ Asia is a continent next to Europe. 11. __________________ A compass shows directions on a map. 12. __________________ Where are you going now? 13. __________________ Yes, I understand what you are saying. 14. __________________ Keep out of the hallway. 15. __________________ Run to the next store and see if they have any Coke on sale. 16. __________________ I don't think I have ever seen a a more lovely sunset. 17. __________________ How do you know her? 18. __________________ It is hot in Texas in August. 19. __________________ Let her have some ice cream. 20. __________________ Just do it! 5 POINT BONUS Write a sentence using the word when in the space below.

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Synonyms A synonym is a word that has the same meaning of another word. A Thesaurus is a book of synonyms. Example: Word Synonym glad happy Circle only the synonyms that represent the word in italics. 1. endanger risk jeopardize hazard safe 2. pupil student learner criminal thief 3. verbose loquacious talkative quiet silent 4. lover suitor enemy opponent finance 5. obese skinny thin short fat 6. elegant ugly horrid scary lovely 7. vacant full satisfied empty void 8. trash treasure discard waste valuable 9. huge tiny small minute large 10. ascent fall decrease increase climb Write the letter of the synonym for the underlined vocabulary word. 1.___ It is possible that the storm may not have hit that area. a. rapidly b. probable c. hardly 2.___ How many hours did you work on that display at school.?

a. labor b. rest c. play 3.___ What is in the box? a. cube b. circle c. ball 4.___ They would not permit us to enter.

a. allow b. disagree c. prohibit 5.___ Who is going to manage the store?

a. destroy b. supervise c. purchase 6.___ If you proceed with this trial, the expenses will cost you more than a year’s salary. a. decrease b. continue c. discontinue 7.___ I will remain here with the others until you return.

a. extend b. leave c. stay 8.___ When did he last communicate with you?

a. talk b. push c. kick 9.___ He has toyed with that thing for over four hours. a. painted b. destroyed c. played

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Classifications Using Color Learn new vocabulary. Look up the words in a dictionary and write the colors. These words may be synonyms for colors. Examples: Red , Yellow, Orange, Green, Blue, Purple, Brown, Black, White

pumpkin = orange cotton = white

Color Matrix of Synonyms

Colors Synonym Synonym Synonym yellow lemon sunflower gold

sage lime forest purple lilac Lavender orange pumpkin rust tangerine

onyx charcoal tan camel beige bone eggshell milk

blue Sapphire silver chrome plum eggplant cherry raspberry strawberry

burgundy merlot cabernet garnet jade emerald banana acorn peach papaya persimmon aqua teal spinach pickle mustard ketchup steel iron aluminum terracotta copper brass ebony ivory navy grape opaque mahogany maple walnut glass crystal transparent cranberry paprika coffee raisin corn

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Classifications Using Categories Learn new vocabulary. Look up the words in a dictionary and circle the words that are synonyms or belonging to the same category.

Categories of Things

Catetgory Word Word Word Word couch davenport loveseat stool sofa sphere ball oval triangle rectangle cube square rectangle circle oval metal copper silver gold bronze

Categories of Animals

Category Word Word Word Word bird cardinal robin sparrow owl deer pheasant duck buck doe

shellfish oyster scallop squid clam insect spider roach ant snail horse stallion mule donkey steed

Categories of Food

Category Word Word Word Word dairy milk butter cheese carp meat steak venison broccoli ostrich

poultry chicken duck dove rabbit vegetable spinach kale corn onion

fruit grape peach apple tomato starch pasta corn bread muffin meat ostrich collard gator roe

shellfish peas crab mussel potato fruit papaya mango pepper cucumber

vegetable cabbage okra eggplant kiwi fruit hamburger plum orange lemon fish tuna salmon snapper prawn

starch cereal donut tortia carrot meat roast yam tripe radish pig pork lettuce cauliflower sprouts

vegetables limas black-eyed peas sausage string beans starch pinto beans navy beans scallion meatloaf dairy cream sauerkraut meatball persimmon fruit pumpkin watermelon honeydew coconut

vegetable yellow squash zucchini turnip lettuce

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Antonyms An antonym is a word that means the opposite of another word. Example: Word Synonym Antonym

hot scalding cold Part A Circle only the antonyms that represent the word in italics. 1. endanger risk jeopardize hazard safe 2. freezing scalding hot icy warm 3. quiet loquacious talkative loud silent 4. dirty filthy muddy clean spotless 5. accept agree receive reject deny 6. ugly pretty horrid scary lovely 7. polite mannerly rude courteous gracious 8. trash treasure discard waste valuable 9. tiny small huge giant large 10. descend fall decrease increase climb Part B Write the antonym for the vocabulary word. 1. quarrel ___________________ 7. perplex ___________________ 2. confuse ___________________ 8. increase ___________________ 3. angry ___________________ 9. lower ___________________ 4. poverty ___________________ 10. loose ___________________ 5. deceit ___________________ 11. enter ___________________ 6. profit ___________________ 12. hope ___________________ Part C Write a six-word sentence using any of the above antonyms. 1._______________________________________________________________________ 2. ._______________________________________________________________________ 3. ._______________________________________________________________________ 4. ._______________________________________________________________________ 5. ._______________________________________________________________________ 6. ._______________________________________________________________________ 7. ._______________________________________________________________________

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Thesaurus Skills Write the part of speech (noun, verb, etc.), a synonym and an antonym for each of the following words. Part A Part of Speech Synonym Antonym 1. direct _____adjective_____ ______straight _____ ______blunt_______ 2. belittle _________________ _________________ _________________ 3. discharge _________________ _________________ _________________ 4. pause _________________ _________________ _________________ 5. inference _________________ _________________ _________________ 6. suave _________________ _________________ _________________ 7. initiate _________________ _________________ _________________ 8. courage _________________ _________________ _________________ 9. summary _________________ _________________ _________________ 10. couple _________________ _________________ _________________ Select a word from the above list and use it in a sentence. Use at least 6 words in a sentence. 1.___________________________________________________________________________ 2.___________________________________________________________________________ 3.___________________________________________________________________________ 4.___________________________________________________________________________ 5.___________________________________________________________________________ 6.___________________________________________________________________________

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Opposites Quiz Part A Read the sets of words and write the antonym in the blank. 1. _____________________ freezing frigid

2. _____________________ scorching boiling

3. _____________________ ebony onyx

4. _____________________ polite rude

5. _____________________ giant huge

6. _____________________ verify confirm

7. _____________________ descend downward

8. _____________________ depressed gloomy

9. _____________________ silent quiet

10. _____________________ danger hazard

Part B Write the correct antonyms for the words listed.

round tragedy clean liked slow

11. _____________________dirty

12. _____________________busy

13. _____________________hated

14. _____________________comedy

15. _____________________square

add divide respect full frightened

16. ______________________loath

17. ______________________vacant

18. ______________________brave

19. ______________________subtract

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Homonyms A homonym is a word that sounds like another word but has a different meaning. Example: Too means also. Two means the number 2. Part A Write the correct word in the blank. affect effect 1. Did that movie _____________________you?

2. What _____________did the rain have on the garden? steak stake 3. She doesn’t eat __________________at all.

4. I will _____________ on this bet. capitol capital 5. We could see the _____________from our hotel.

6. What is the ____________of Colorado? hear here 7. I ___________the food is really wonderful.

8. May we stay ____________tonight?

sail sale 9. It’s only on _____________through the week.

10. I am going to ___________right through this semester.

course coarse 11. Of ____________, you are always right.

12. His ___________language made me every uneasy.

sight site 13. He lost his ____________when he was a young boy.

14. That happened at the other ____________ years ago.

dessert desert 15. You cannot ___________me in this hour of need.

16. Chocolate ice cream is my favorite_______________.

council counsel 17. The _______________is meeting at the school tonight.

18. I am not going to _______you any more on this matter.

right write 19. She can _________ and ask for an application.

20. Even now I am not certain it was the ____thing to do.

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Words Frequently Confused Homonyms that are common errors are listed below. Read the sentences carefully.

Part B Practice Write the correct word in the blank for each sentence. haul hall 1. Get out of the ______________and go to class waist waste 2. Do not throw the _____________in the recycle bin. deer dear 3. You cannot believe how many ______________we saw today. write right 4. I can always count on you to do the ________________thing. wear where 5. ____________are you going on vacation? it’s its 6. I wonder if ________getting close to midnight? weather, whether 7. The ___________is really nice today. your, you’re 9. It’s ___________________turn to select the team. who’s, whose 10. ____________going to ride with me?

too, to, two 12. He began ___________whistle. too, to, two 13. You are ___________young to drive. brake, break 15. Don’t ______________the speed limit. brake, break 16. The ____________on my bicycle is not working. 4 POINT BONUS Write a sentence using the word wait.

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Homonyms Quiz Place a check mark in the blank space next to the number by the sentence that is correct. 1.______ Their is no room in here for it. 2.______ You're my best friend. 3.______ I like it too. 4.______ There are twenty copies here. 5.______ I gave it two her. 6.______ Wear are you going now? 7.______ I will meet you at their place. 8.______ Your jacket is really nice. 9.______ How many are there? 10._____ I ate to pieces of candy. 11._____ There going to the movies. 12._____ Give that book two me. 13._____ Where did I put my coat? 14._____ He is s a very deer friend of mine. 15._____ I will not waste your time. 16._____ Weight for me after school. 17._____ We stayed at the hotel for three nights. 18._____ Whose notebook is this? 19._____ How many of you're going to the game? 20._____ I will be there in an our. 21._____ Have you two seen the Rangers play? 22._____ I am on my way too the store. 2 POINT BONUS Write the definition of a homonym in the space below.

Homonyms

to

there

too

hour

your

their

two

who’s

wait

waist

where

you’re

they’re

wear

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Dictionary Skills Use a dictionary and write the words for these abbreviations of the [parts of speech. 1. v. ______________________

2. adj. ______________________

3. n. ______________________

4. adv. ______________________

5. conj. ______________________

6. prep. ______________________

Write one definition for each vocabulary word. 7. paragraph –

8. punctuation –

9. comma –

10. period –

11. colon –

12. semicolon –

13. exclamation point –

14. hyphen –

15. parentheses –

16. brackets –

17. apostrophe –

18. italics –

19. bold –

20. underline –

1. Where are guide words located? 2. Where is the table of contents located? 3. Where are abbreviations located?

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Formatting and Print Clues Print types are used to emphasize text.

Types of Print

Italics – These are used for: - titles of works of art: musical compositions, Handel’s Messiah, paintings Mona Lisa ,

sculptures, - titles of magazines, People, newspapers,The Wall Street Journal - motion pictures, Star Wars , television programs, Star Trek - names of ships, Titanic, and aircraft, Voyager II - indicate foreign words such as C’est la vie - titles of books, War and Peace, plays, Hamlet, epic poems, The Raven

Underline – Can also be used when writing titles

Bold – Darker type to make a word stand out.

Font – The type of print such as Times New Roman or Ariel Black

Font Size - 12 point or 18 point Color Color Color Color Asterisk ( * ) A symbol that looks like a star that marks a reference. Spacing Indents – Words that are moved to the right or left of a margin. Bulleted lists Text Boxes

Note: Text boxes contain important information.

• Red • Yellow • Blue

1. Red 2. Yellow 3. Blue

a. Red b. Yellow c. Blue

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Prepositions

Part A Practice The Parallelogram is behind the Cylinder. The Cube is across from the Octagon. The Trapezoid is between the Octagon and Cube. The Oval is below the Cylinder. The Cube Arrow is in back of the Rectangle. The Arrow went through the Rectangle. The Right Angle is beneath the Rectangle. There is a Black Dot in the Circle. The Cylinder is above the Oval. The Right Angle is under the Rectangle. The Cylinder is in front of the Parallelogram. The Cube is over the Rectangle. The Trapezoid Arrow points to the Cube. The Oval is by the Circle. An Arrow is in back of the Right Angle. The Black Dot is in the Circle. The Circle is a next to the Octagon.

Parallelogram

Right Angle

Oval

Octagon

Cylinder

Cube

Rectangle

Trapezoid

Look at the shapes and write five sentences using prepositions about what you see.

Circle

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Following Directions Look at the pictures and write the word True or False in the blank beside each sentence that describes the picture. Part A 1. _______________The Oval is outside the Rectangle.

2. _______________The Two Circles are below the Cylinder.

3. _______________The Arrow is below the Triangle.

4. _______________The Black Arrow goes through the Two Circles.

5. _______________The Cylinder is beside the Two Circles.

6. _______________There is a little Circle sitting on top of the long Rectangle.

7. _______________The Cylinder is under the long Rectangle.

8. _______________The Arrow is between the Two Circles and the Oval Rectangle.

9. _______________The Arrow is pointing to the Triangle.

10. _______________The Cylinder is below the Two Circles.

Part B Use the shapes below and write if the statement is True or False in the blank.

11. _______________The Arrow is closer to Cube than to the Two Square.

12. _______________The Heart over the Circle and under the Square.

13. _______________The Arrow is through the Circle and is pointing only upward.

14. _______________The Cube is in front of the Triangle.

15. _______________The Circle is next to the Square.

16. _______________The Triangle is behind the Cube.

17. _______________The Heart beneath of the Circle.

18. _______________The Square is above the Heart.

19. _______________The Arrow is in back of the Triangle.

20. _______________The Arrow is also pointing downward.

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Diagrams and Instructions Part A Practice Use the shapes to the right and follow the directions below. 1. Write your first name in the Oval.

2. Write your last name in the Rectangle.

3. Draw a line through the Triangle.

4. Draw a circle between the Triangle and the Oval.

5. Write the number 25 in the Circle.

6. Write the number seventeen in the Triangle and then draw a square underneath it.

7. Draw an arrow from the Rectangle that goes through the Circle.

Part B Practice 1. Write the names of three colors in this Rectangle. 2. Underline the second color word. 3. Draw a circle around the Parallelogram. 4. Draw a line through the Stop Sign and over the Parallelogram. Read the paragraph below and follow the instructions. I heard on the evening news last night that there was a terrible train wreck in England. Over 250 people were injured. 1. Draw a circle around the words evening, night and wreck.

2. Underline the phrase, on the evening news last night.

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Compass Directions

Figure 1 Compass

The airport is south.

The house is west.

The zoo is east.

The bus is north.

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Map Skills

Port City Map

90

101 206

Gas station

Hospital

Cathedral

Food Mart

Convenience Store

Airport

Stadium

School

Park

FD

Fire Department

Outdoor mall

City

N

S

EW

Lake Clifford

White Road

Jason Freeway

Tenth Avenue

Bears Blvd.

Jack

son

Stre

et

Red

man

Par

kway

Lake Road

Pilot Run

St. John Drive

1st Ave.

Stad

ium

Driv

e

Terr

ace

Lane

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Part A Map and DIrections Read the sentences and look at the Port City Map on the previous page. Place an X in the blank if the sentence is not correct. 1._____The Stadium is located on the west side of State Route 101 when you are driving north. 2._____Acording to the map, Tenth Avenue extends east and west. 3._____Redman Parkway extends north and south. 4._____The Hospital is on the west side of Redman Parkway. 5._____Pilot Run goes east to the Outdoor Mall. 6._____From the Park, take White Road to the Convenience Store. 7._____Jackson Street crosses Pilot Run at Interstate 90. 9._____St John Drive is on the north side of the City. 10.____The Jason Street Bridge crosses Lake Clifford. 11.____The Cathedral is on the west side of Lake Clifford. 12.____The Stadium is on the corner of Jackson Street and Bears Blvd. 13.____Highway 206 s the same as Redman Parkway. 14.____From the Hospital, the easiest way to the Outdoor Mall, is to take Highway 206 south. 15.____The Gas Station is located on Lake Road. 16.____Stadium Drive intersects with Jason Freeway. 17.____Lake Clifford is located between Pilot Run and Tenth Avenue. 18.____Redman Parkway runs between St. John Drive and the Jason Freeway. 19.____To go to School from the City, go east on 1st Avenue. 20.____The Fire Department is located on the corner of St. John Drive and Redman Parkway. 4 POINT BONUS Write the directions going from the Hospital to the Airport.

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Compass Directions

Part A Practice Use the Port City Map to answer these questions. Write the answer in the blank next to the statement using the directions above.

1. _________________________ The Hospital is located in the ______corner of the map.

2. _________________________ The Cathedral is located on the ____of the City. 3. _________________________ The Park is located on the ____of the City.

4. _________________________ The Stadium is located on the ____of the map.

5. _________________________ The Fire Department is on the ____side of the Stadium.

6. _________________________ Lake Clifford is ____of the Convenience Store.

North

South

West East

Northeast Northwest

Southwest Southeast

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Directions in the City Read the instructions carefully and write in the corresponding location. Study the map in Port City Map and write the correct answers to the statement on a separate sheet of paper. Word Bank North South East West Northeast Northwest Southeast Southwest 1. _______________ The Stadium is located in what part of the city. 2. _______________ The Hospital is _______of the City. 3. _______________ The Park is ___of the Stadium. 4. _______________ The Cathedral is ____of the School. 5. _______________ Terrace Lane is on the _______side of the City. 6. _______________ The Jackson Street Bridge runs ________from Pilot Run. 7. _______________ The Park is ____of the City. 8. _______________ Name the roads that go to the Outdoor Mall. 9. _______________ Going north on Redman Parkway, the School is on the ___side. 10. _______________ The Cathedral is _______from the Stadium. 11. _______________ North Village is _____ of Winter Tollway. 12. _______________ The School is ___________form the Lake Clifford. 13. _______________ Name the street that goes to the Hospital. 14. _______________ Name the fastest road to the Airport from the Stadium. 15. _______________ White Road intersects with_____. 16. _______________ The Convenience Store is just _________of the Cathedral. 17. _______________ The City is _____of the Hospital. 18. _______________ The intersection of Bears and Jackson Street is ____of the City. 19. _______________ Bears crosses Redman Parkway on the _________of the City. 20. _______________ Tenth and Jackson Street is the ________of the Park.

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Street Map and Directions

Columbus, Ohio

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Map Quiz Study the map of Columbus, OH on the previous page. Place an X in the blank by any statement that is incorrect. 1. _____ Mt. Carmel Medical Center is on Rich Street. 2. _____ Interstate 70 intersects with Rout 315. 3. _____ State Route 40 is also known as Broad Street. 4. _____ Route 33 runs east and west north of Broad Street. 5. _____ Dodge Park is on the south side of Sullivant Avenue. 6. _____ Washington Blvd. Runs north and south. 7. _____ Town Street is the same as Route 3. 8. _____ McDowell Street intersects with Lucas Street. 9. _____ Cherry Drive is south of Rich Street. 10. _____ West Broad Street is south of Route 33. Write the word True in the space to the left only when the statement is correct. If the statement is false, leave it blank. 11. ________________ Rich Street crosses South Souder Avenue. 12. ________________ South Belle Street terminates at West Broad Street. 13. ________________ Walnut Street extends east and west. 14. ________________ Martin Avenue extends north and south. 15. ________________ Old Frankinton Cemetary is located northwest of Route 40. 16. ________________ Gay Street is north of West Broad Street. 17. ________________ Washington Blvd. Intersects with State Street. 18. ________________ Rich Street crosses Martin Avenue. 19. ________________ Starling Street extends northwest to southeast. 20. ________________ Route 62 goes north to Broad Street.

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Sentences with Prepositions

Table of Prepositions

above away although even even though since after until

unless for to at from in out inside

outside in front of in back of of since before often but both behind underneath under on beyond over on top of

between beside next next to through into onto out of during by up down

Part A Practice Circle all the prepositions in the sentences below. 1. After dating her for two years, he finally gave her an engagement ring.

2. Let’s take a short cut and go through the park.

3. I bought this car for myself because I have never owned a convertible.

4. They raised over $1,000,000 dollars by selling raffle tickets for a free weekend in Las Vegas.

5. Put that in my bedroom, in the closet, on top of the hat boxes.

6. During the past few months, national security has been the main focus on the nightly news.

7. I won’t be able to go to Europe, unless I save at east $1,000 dollars over the next 6 months.

8. I think I left my jacket inside the house, on the bed in my brother’s room.

9. I have no money for the rest of the week since I spent all of my allowance on new CDs.

10. On a cool summer’s night I love to lie on the ground underneath the stars.

11. Between you and me, I think he has a very good understanding of geometry.

12. Can you stop by the store on your way downtown and put some gas in the car.

13. Since I can’t see the board very well, I sit in the first row beside the window.

14. Even though he is only sixteen years old, he has worked for me the past three summers.

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Pronouns

Personal Pronouns

Singular Personal Pronouns

Person Nominative Possessive Objective 1st I my me, mine, myself 2nd you your yours, yourself 3rd he/she/it his/her/its him/her/hers/it

himself, herself, itself

Plural Personal Pronouns

Person Nominative Possessive Objective 1st we our us, ours, ourselves 2nd you your yours, yourselves 3rd they their theirs, them, themselves

Singular PracticeA Plural Practice B I played in a band a long time ago. We played in a band a long time ago. You make the highest grade every time. You make the highest grade every time. It will be arriving soon. They will be arriving soon. Have you seen my baseball glove? You cannot wear a hat inside the house. Everyone thought her flower was pretty. Everyone thought your flowers were pretty. The dog hurt its paw. The dogs hurt their paws. The judges gave the prize to him. The judges gave the prize to them. The police never did find me. The police never did find her. Is that his brother? I saved $40.00 for us.

!st Person - A person speaking about himself 2nd Person - A person being spoken to 3rd Person - A person speaking about anyone or anything else.

Singular – means one (1) Plural - means many or more than two (2)

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Singular and Plural Personal Pronouns Read the sentences carefully and place an X in the space if the sentence is incorrect.

Part A 1. _____Terry, Jack, and me will have to

ride the bus to the game tomorrow.

2. _____What makes you think he will

win this match?

3. _____I have not told him anything

about the trip to Ohio.

4. _____She has the highest grade

point average in our class.

5. _____Did you see my hat around here

anywhere?

6. _____The dog keeps biting its feet,

especially after he has been outside.

7. _____She has never told her mother

about that accident.

8. _____Do you think there will be

enough room for us on the plane?

9. _____Is your visit to France is going

to be a short one?

10. _____Someone said that he left his

jacket in the car.

11. _____Did Maria give them a chance

to explain why we were late?

12. _____What makes yours think that

he is going to move there right away?

13. _____Where is my green jacket with

the hood?

14. _____He and she have the best

chance of making it to the finals.

Part B

1. _____The hot beach burned the

bottom of his feet.

2. _____Is that their new house across the

street from the park?

3. ______Give me you coat and I will hang

it up.

4. ______Jesus, Claudia, and her are on

the debate team.

5. _____What makes you think he will win

this match?

6. _____I have not told his anything about

the trip to Ohio.

7. _____Her achievements are really

quite remarkable for her age.

8. _____Did you see him hanging around

there anywhere?

9. _____The dog keeps biting its feet,

especially after he has been outside.

10. _____She has never told her mother

about that accident.

11. _____Is that her or does it belong to

you?

12. _____I will visit yous next year?

13. _____Someone said that he left his

jacket in the car.

14. _____That is not mine, but this is him

ball cap?

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Demonstrative Pronouns Demonstrative pronouns point out a specific person, place, or thing. This is my book. That is your jacket. This and that describe singular items that are in close proximity to you. These are my books Those are your shoes. These and those describe plural items that are not close to you. Example: A book far away from you. Use either that or those. Will you hand me that book? Write the demonstrative pronoun that makes the statement correct. 1. ________________ book over there looks as if it may be over 100 years old. You are wearing boots. 2. _________________ boots are really comfortable. This refers to the other team’s football jerseys. 3 . _________________ green football jerseys are really bright. The girl showed me the earrings she was wearing. 4. I bought _______________earrings on vacation in Mexico last year. The scissors are on the table next to you. 5. Can you hand me ______________scissors? The boy is pointing to seashells on the beach. 6. I think I have enough of __________________ seashells to make a bracelet. It was program on TV last night. 7. Did you see ________________ movie on TV last night? The chair is next to you. 8. I am saving _______________chair for Jose. They had dinner last night at Carmen’s Italian Restaurant. Jeff and I ate dinner last night at ____________ Italian restaurant down the street.

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Quiz on Demonstrative Pronouns, Verbs, and Possessive Nouns Read the sentences carefully and write the word incorrect by those sentences that have errors in them. 1.__________________ Those jeans never dry without wrinkling. 2.__________________ I thought I gave you back that ten dollars last night. 3.__________________ I wish these coupons would quit coming in the mail every week. 4.__________________ How many of those Tootsie Pops were in the bag? 5.__________________ Were you ever going to pay for this tickets? 6.__________________ Mary and Jack gave me that earrings for my birthday. 7.__________________ We all have made these mistake before. 8.__________________ He never told me these book were expensive. 9.__________________ She has made this cake for you. 10._________________ How many of you are going to those game? 11._________________ Where did you get that beautiful car? 12._________________ We certainly hope that you will start feeling better. 13._________________ They can eat as many of this beans as they want. 14._________________ What makes you think this is such a good idea? 15._________________ Can you clearly see this from my view point? 16._________________ Beth, Marie and Tu have those same shirts. 17._________________ Jose, Tomas, and I think we can beat them at this game. 18._________________ Those are the top four soccer teams in the league. 19._________________ That car will not start on cold mornings. 20._________________ One of these days you are going to run out of luck. 21._________________ Will Connie get those video tape tonight? 22._________________ May I have another bite of these cake? 23._________________ Harry gave these binoculars to me to use at the game. 24._________________ Let me take that bags inside the house for you.

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Reflexive Pronouns Reflexive pronouns are the singular (self) and plural (selves) forms of personal pronouns. Singular Plural myself ourselves yourself yourselves herself, himself, itself themselves Write the correct reflexive pronoun to complete each sentence. 1. I can do it for ________________________if you give me another 10 minutes. 2. He taught _____________________________how to play the piano. 3. She really thinks a great deal of_______________________________. 4. We only have ______________________________to blame since we are the only ones

here. 5. Golf is a game of champions who play against _____________________________. 6. I think he feels sorry for _________________________________ and that is very sad. 7. He hates ________________________for leaving that teaching position. 8. One of the male counselors showed _____________________how to cook fish over the fire. 9. There was only a dog and ________________________stranded on the island. 10. She loved the locket so much, she decided to keep it for____________________________. 11. Hope is the survivor’s instinct to keep ____________________________alive. 12. They told _____________________________that this would be the last trip to Paris. 13. Are you going to keep the puppy for ______________________ or give it away? 14. I can only speak for______________________________. 15. The other’s kept telling ______________________________that they could beat that team. 16. If you leave it alone it will heal by___________________________________. 17. Not many of us were very good at taking ____________________________out of the game. 18. Since she can not speak for __________________________________I will interpret for her. 19. She has ________________________and Jeff working on this project for the next 2 weeks. 20. I am not certain but I think it knows _______________very well.

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Indefinite Pronouns Indefinite pronouns do not refer to a specific person, place or thing.

Indefinite Pronouns

all anybody both everybody another anyone each everyone

any anything either everything few much no one some

more nobody other someone most none several such

Examples: Does anybody know how to get to the stadium? Today is one of those days when everything is going wrong. Try to remember if you gave it to someone. Read the sentences below and underline the indefinite pronouns. 1. Everybody in my family likes to go camping, except me. 2. Either you or me had the keys to the car. 3. No one ever told me that he played professional golf. 4. Anything cooked over an open fire has a special taste. 5. Not many of us have that kind of money to waste. 6. Most of us are working our way through college. 7. Somebody in St. Louis won the 12 million-dollar Lottery last Saturday. 8. Several of you will not be able to participate as actors, because we need four stage hands. 9. He told none of us about his plans to move to South Africa. 10. One of your team members was nominated for the award. 11. Mr. Black said that all of you can come with us on the field trip. 12. Does anyone have change for twenty dollars? 13. It seems as if everything has gone wrong today. 14. Terry said that he gave both of you a copy of the article to read. 15. I have given each of a you money to buy your father a gift. 16. They don’t like one another.

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Quiz on Indefinite Pronouns Read the sentences and select the best indefinite pronoun to complete the sentence. Write the word in the blank next to the number.

Example: The prize can be won by anyone (someone) who has these numbers. There are prizes for everyone(everybody). All (Both) can participate in the drawing.

1.____________________ I wonder how _____________he really paid for that convertible. 2.____________________ What makes you think that ___________will pass this test? 3.____________________ Carla went back to school to tell ______about the game. 4.____________________ I am going to sell ____________of CDs and buy new ones. 5.____________________ Jack and I are making ________of the calls today. 6.____________________ I promised you that I wouldn’t tell ________about the surprise. 7.____________________ Instead of buying two, we decided to share it with ______. 8.____________________ You better hurry because there are only a ________of them left. 9.____________________ _________called to tell me there was a special practice today. 10.___________________ I don’t think ___________of her family came to the wedding. 11.___________________ The president said that ____of the money was raised privately. 12.___________________ Do you really believe that ________of them are qualified ? 13.___________________ He gave the police only ___________of the information. 14.___________________ She gave _______a wonderful presentation about France. 15.___________________ Now that ____________of you have a book, let’s do the work. 16.___________________ Do you think he loved her _____________than the money? 17.___________________ Does _____________have change for a ten-dollar bill? 18.___________________ I can’t believe that _____________came in the same box. 19.___________________She told me that ________of you were involved in the prank. 20.___________________He doesn’t seem to care __________about playing soccer anymore.

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Interrogative Pronouns These pronouns are used in questions. Who were you talking to last night? Why was he unable to stay? What are we going to do now? Where are you going tomorrow? When does the game start? How many of you are going on the bus? Which one of you has the tickets? Part A Practice Write sentences using each of the above interrogative pronouns. 1.___________________________________________________________________________ 2.___________________________________________________________________________ 3.___________________________________________________________________________ 4.___________________________________________________________________________ 5.___________________________________________________________________________ 6.___________________________________________________________________________ 7.___________________________________________________________________________ 8.___________________________________________________________________________ 9.___________________________________________________________________________ 10.__________________________________________________________________________ 11.__________________________________________________________________________ 12.__________________________________________________________________________

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Spelling Plurals Write and spell correctly the plural for each word. Examples: fly – flies laugh – laughs progress - progresses 1. family _______________________________ 2. church _______________________________ 3. leaf _______________________________ 4. witch _______________________________ 5. compass _______________________________ 6. laugh _______________________________ 7. city _______________________________ 8. kitchen _______________________________ 9. success _______________________________ 10. sketch _______________________________ 11. half _______________________________ 12. photograph _______________________________ 13. ax _______________________________ 14. calf _______________________________ 15. stitch _______________________________ 16. factory _______________________________ 17. push _______________________________ 18. berry _______________________________ 19. press _______________________________ 20. painting _______________________________ 21. window _______________________________

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Plurals Quiz Write the word error by any sentence that has an incorrect spelling in it. 1.____________ I bought so many toys for my cousins this past holiday. 2. .___________ We usually donate money to buy our refreshments for school partys. 3. .___________ Did you ask him how much the taxs were going to be on the car? 4. .___________ How many countrys participated in the 2002 Winter Opylmpics? 5. .___________ The porches on these house are very small. 6. .___________ Look at how many rose bushs are blooming this year. 7. .___________ I have never been able to figure out mysteries. 8. .___________ Jose said there are two really great diners in this neighborhood. 9. .___________ How many deers did you see when you were at the farm? 10. .__________ He was left with several twitches after his stoke. 11. .__________ I think Dallas has some of the nicest restaurants. 12. .__________ Did you receive the photographs that I sent you last week in the mail? 13.___________ I told everyone about the party at soccer practice tonight. 14.___________ What makes you think teams and players are going to like the prizes? 15.__________ You will need pencils, pens, and folders for each class. 16.__________ The families in our neighborhood paid for extra gymnastic equipment. 17.__________ We collected money by selling raffle tickets and a variety of candies. 18.__________ My CDs are at home behind some old cassette tapes in the closet. 19.__________ Many churches have protested the death penalties in many states. 20.__________ Other than a few scratches and bruises, he is fine. 4 POINT BONUS Spell the plural of the word deer.

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Singular and Plural Possessive Nouns A possessive noun is a noun means that it is related to something else. To show the relationship use an apostrophe (‘).

Singular Possessive Plural Possessive man man’s men men’s family family’s children children’s Jack Jack’s carriages carriages’

Use a dictionary and write the plural possessive of each of the nouns in the tables. Singular Possessives Plural Possessives

Part A 1. __________________childs

2. __________________teachers

3. __________________knife

4. __________________team

5. __________________car

6. __________________Maria

7. __________________patio

8. __________________baseball

9. __________________the NFLs

10. __________________America

11. __________________caller

12. __________________comic

13. __________________actor

14. __________________magazine

15. __________________Texas

Part B 1. __________________children

2. __________________families

3. __________________geese

4. __________________champions

5. __________________faculties

6. __________________wives

7. __________________men

8. __________________heroes

9. __________________leaves

10. __________________porches

11. __________________skies

12. __________________calf

13. __________________sopranos

14. __________________thief

15. __________________roofs

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Reading and Testing Strategies These are strategies to use when taking a test. 1. Read the paragraph carefully.

2. Number each paragraph at the first word.

3. Underline or highlight the first and last sentence of every paragraph.

4. Circle any vocabulary word that is in italics, bold or underlined.

5. Place brackets around the sentence BEFORE the one with the vocabulary.

6. Place brackets around the sentence AFTER the one with the vocabulary.

7. Reread both the sentences, and try to figure out the meaning for the word.

8. Read the question carefully and look for phrases that might be a “clue to the answer.

9. Underline a phrase in the question.

10. Read the answers and cross any wrong answers first.

11. Then try to locate the phase by searching each paragraph.

12. Read all the answers first before selecting a final answer.

13. Record your answer on the scan.

14. Recheck the scan page to make certain the correct answer has been marked.

Practice Mary could not decide what she wanted to be. She was very interested in the stars, so she thought she might like to be an astronomer. But she also wanted to learn more about the cycles of life under the sea. Maybe she could become a marine biologist. She drew a horizontal line on a piece of paper and looked at her pen. She wondered what substances the ink was made of. If she became a chemist she could find out. She might even be able to find solutions to some of the world's energy problems. Well, she wouldn't have to make up her mind until it was time to go to a university to study. After all, she was only in the fourth grade Read the questions and select the best answer. 1. What is the main idea in this paragraph?

a. Mary wants to be an astronomer. b. She wants to learn about life in the sea. c. She is in the fourth grade. d. None of these are the answer.

2. In this paragraph the word "solutions" means_____

a. problems b. things you don't know c. possible answers d. chemist

3. In this paragraph the word "marine" means_______.

a. human b. sea life c. cycles d. astronomy

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Story Elements Setting – The physical place or location where the action takes place. Theme – An idea or belief that continues to repeat or come back again

Example: good vs. evil Characters – The people who are in the story. Moral – The lesson or the main point of the story Conflict – A struggle that takes place in the story. There are three kinds: • Man versus man • Man versus nature • Man versus his conscious Study the example below, on a separate sheet of paper , copy the chart and give an example of your favorite movie. Story Elements of Star Wars

Title Setting Theme Characters Moral Conflict Star Wars In a galaxy

far away Good vs. evil

Luke Skywalker, Princess Leia, Han Solo, Darth Vader

Believe in yourself and fight for what’s right.

Man vs. man

Assignment Watch the video of the Man in the Iron Mask. Copy the chart on a separate sheet of paper and make your notes.

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Fact and Opinion A fact is something that can be verified that actually exists. An opinion is a belief, thought or idea about something. Write Fact or Opinion by each statement to identify it. 1. __________ This is the greatest vacation we have ever been on. 2. __________ Bill Clinton was the President of the US. 3. __________ I think it was 104 degrees yesterday. 4. __________ Everyone thinks that Jake is a good soccer player. 5. __________ Buy a Lotto ticket and be a millionaire. 6. __________ Do you believe he robbed that store? 7. __________ Terry was born in Mexico. 8. __________ It is a beautiful day today. 9. __________ We won the game 21 to nothing. 10. __________ That was an unfair interference penalty call on our team. 11. __________ What makes you think he will win this contest? 12. __________ I am playing so much better with this new tennis racket. 13. __________ That is a beautiful dress you are wearing. 14. __________ There is a city called Monroe in Louisiana. 15. __________ I like the desks that have a space for your books underneath. 16. __________ This investment in tutoring was really worth it. 17. __________ This low score could keep us from making the finals in the playoffs. 18. __________ The bike shop is no longer on the corner of First Avenue and Fifth Street. 19. __________ His car is the fastest in the city. 20. __________ Our team has the highest grade point average in the school. Fact and Opinion Quiz

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Read the statements below and identify each by writing either Fact or Opinion in the blank. 1.__________________ Maria is the most beautiful girl in the 8th grade class. 2.__________________ Everyone thinks she will win the election for Student Council President. 3.__________________ Jerry made a score of 95 on the semester examination in Art. 4.__________________ The financial advisors’ opinion says this recession will end soon. 5.__________________ Last summer we had over 40 days of 100 degree weather. 6.__________________ I think everyone agrees that he is our best soccer play on the team. 7.__________________ The Governor signed the new tax bill. 8.__________________ I feel so much stronger since I have been working out at the gym. 9.__________________ The dance starts at 7:00 PM. 10._________________ No one believes me, not even my own family. 11._________________ The jury convicted him on two counts of aggravated assault. 12._________________ Do you know if Terry was involved in the fund raiser? 13._________________ Jake received a scholarship from the University of Georgia. 14._________________ He doesn’t know anything about the surprise birthday party. 15._________________ Did anybody call Clark and invite him to the dinner party? 16._________________ I feel so much taller when I wear a black suit. 17._________________ That new fresh foods market is located at the corners of Main and Hall. 18._________________ I think Kara said she was born in Paris France. 19._________________ Jeffrey moved here from Tallahassee, FL in 1999. 20._________________ Buy three tickets for $5.00 and win a brand new Mustang convertible.

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Advertisements and Endorsements An endorsement is a written statement that gives approval or support for a product. The endorsement is given in return for cash or credit. A testimonial is a formal or written statement that confirms a particular truth or fact. An advertisement is a written statement designed to attract public attention to describe something that may or may not be true. Read the sentence below and write the type of statement that it represents. 1. __________Five cotton t-shirts for $10.00 on Sunday only. 2. __________Did you see those new Michael Jordan basketball shoes? 3. __________I have always owned Toyotas. 4. __________Reeboks are on sale at Foleys for half price today only. 5. __________”I sing more Rod McKuen songs than anybody else,” said Glenn

Yarborough. Fact and Opinion Review 6. __________I believe the Olympics are in March this year. 7. __________Did you like that picture of the president in Reader’s Digest? 8. __________The Dallas Cowboys have won three Super Bowls. 9. __________That is an old phone number, call directory assistance for the new one. 10. __________This type of shoe makes my foot look much smaller. 11. __________Nobody believes his story. 12. __________Never buy anything on sale, it’s always junk. 13. __________They didn’t print the telephone number in the newspaper ad. 14. __________North Dakota is on the US and Canadian border. 15. __________He is not worthy of this honor. 16. __________Do you think he will lose his scholarship because of this arrest? 17. __________There was a tornado in downtown Ft. Worth in 1999. 18. __________The city of Manhattan is located in the state of New York.

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Visual Representations Visual Representation - A graph, diagram, organizational chart, picture, drawing, table of information, or sketch that makes it easier to understand information or sets of data. Table of Information – This is a graphic of data that is presented in rows and columns.

Table of Information

Column 1 Column 2 Column 3 Column 4 Column 5 Row 1

A B C D

Row 2

Row 3

Row 4

Horizontal - A straight line that goes from left to right. Refer to the arrow in Row 4. Vertical - A straight line that goes from top to bottom, up and down. Refer to the arrow in Column1. Row - A horizontal arrangement of items that goes from left to right. Refer to the table of Information. Column - A vertical arrangement of items (top to bottom) Refer to the Table of Information. Favorite School Colors of Middle School Students ( Title)

Grade Black & Yellow Red & White Green & Black 7th Girls 25 50 20 7th Boys 5 20 30

Total 30 70 50 Axis - This is a straight line.

Title – This is the name of a visual presentation

Label - A name for a topic, subject, or item for a column or a row. This is also the name of the X or Y axis on a graph.

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Graphs

Bar Graph Bar Graph - Data that is presented in a picture or drawing using blocks.

Bar Graph

0

50

100

150

200

250

1 2 3 4

Series1Series2Series3

Circle Graph Pie Chart or Circle Graph - A visual representation of data that is descriptive.

Circle Graph

RedBlue Black White

Key or Legend – This is set of symbols that represent and describe specific data.

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Line Graph

Line Graph - A diagram that uses a of lines to connect data points. Refer to Figure 5 below.

Line Graph

02468

1012

Red Blue Black White

Series1Series2Series3

Organizational Chart Organizational or Flow Chart - A visual presentation that shows the relationship between things. Refer to Figure 6.

Figure 6 Organizational Chart

Key or Legend – This is set of symbols that represent and describe specific data.

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Atlas Map or Atlas - A representation, usually on a plane surface, of a region of the earth or heavens.

Map of United States

Compass - A drawing for describing directions. North is usually at the top. Refer to the Map of the US above. In the upper left corner of the map there is a compass.

Compass

Map Scale - A symbol that is used to measure distance. A ratio which compares a measurement on a map to the actual distance between locations identified on the map

A straight-edge strip, as of wood or metal, for drawing straight lines and measuring lengths. Also called rule.

Refer to the circle at the bottom of Figure 6

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Diagrams Diagram - A plan, sketch, drawing, or outline designed to demonstrate or explain how something works or to clarify the relationship between the parts of a whole. Refer to illustration below of the Communication Satellite Dish.

Communication Satellite Dish

radio waves

receiver wherewaves are collected

wavesconverted intoelectro signals

computerreceived as signal

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Tables of Information General rules for reading graphics: 1. Every table of information, bar , circle, or line graph has to have a title and labels. 2. Every X and Y axis starts at zero. 3. A graph has equal increments or segments between the vertical and/or horizontal lines. 4. A map or atlas can have a compass, legend or scale. 5. Graphs can also have keys or legends. Study the tables below. Favorite School Colors of Middle School Students

Grade Black & Yellow Red & White Green & Black 7th Girls 25 50 20 7th Boys 5 20 30 Total 30 70 50

Grade Black & Yellow Red & White Green & Black 8th Girls 20 35 10 8th Boys 20 65 20 Total Color 40 90 30

Examples of Observations 1. Seventh and Eighth Grade Students liked Red & White better than the other combinations. 2. Seventh Grade Students liked Green & Black Colors better than Eighth Graders . 3. Eighth Grade Students liked Black & Yellow better than Green & Black Colors.

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Making Connections Park City School Enrollment The Park City Board of Education has surveyed all the middle schools and high schools in its district. High schools have a total enrollment of 3000 students in three schools. Each high school is next to a middle school. However, total enrollment in the 3 middle schools was only 2500 students. Specifically, North High School has 1000 students, South High has 1500 students and East High has only 500 students. In comparison, Moore Middle School (next to North) has 800 students, Park Middle School (next to East) has 1000 students, and City Middle School (next to South) has a total enrollment of 700. The Board would like to plan for growth in the five years and needs an analysis of this information. Practice

1. Draw a table of information. 2. Title and label the rows and columns. 3. Write the data in the table. 4. Then, write four observations in complete sentences about this information. 5. Draw a Line Graph using this data.

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Titles and Labels

Circle Graph or Pie Chart

Bar Graph

02468

1012

Red Blue Black White

Series1Series2Series3

02468

1012

Red Blue Black White

Series1Series2Series3

Line Graph

A title is the name of a graph or chart.

A Label is the name of a column on a graph.

Read a column from the top to the bottom.

A Label is also the name of a row.

Read a row from left to right.

Rules 1. Every graph has a title, labels,

and a key. 2. Every graph begins with zero. 3. The segments (spaces) between

the rows are equal. 4. The segments (spaces) between

the columns are equal.

RedBlue Black White

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Interpreting Graphs School Colors Ms. White’s class has surveyed all of the middle school. There is a total enrollment of 1000 students. Specifically, There are 125 Sixth Graders , 400 Seventh Graders and 475 Eighth Graders, Everyone voted for their favorite color combination:

• Black and Gold • Red and White • Purple and Silver • Orange and Black

One hundred Seventh Graders selected Black and Gold, while 25 selected Red and White. Two hundred Eighth Graders selected Purple and Silver and the rest voted for Red and White. All of the Seventh Graders wanted Orange and Black . Part A Practice - Copy the table of information that you created in the space below.

1. Draw the table of information on the right side. 2. Title and label the rows and columns. 3. Write the data in the table. 4. Draw a Bar Graph on the left side next to the table of information. 5. Title and label X Axis and Y Axis. 6. Write the data in the graph. 7. Then, write four different observations in complete sentences about this information.

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Graphics Quiz

Figure 1 Seventh Grade Enrollment

Figure 2 Total Seventh and Eight Grade Enrollment

Read the questions carefully and write either True or False for each statement. 1.__________Figure 2 is a Line Graph. 2.__________Figure 1 is also

known as a Pie Chart. 3.__________In Figure 2 the box

that has the two colored lines named 7th and 8th Grade is called a key.

4.__________In Figure 2 there are

more girls in the 7th Grade than in the 8th Grade.

5.__________In Figure 1 there are

more 7th Grade Boys than 87th Grade Girls.

6.__________All graphs must have

labels for the X and Y axis.

7.__________Line and Bar graphs

always begin with zero. 8.__________Every graph has a title. 9.__________A Bar graph can be

displayed as either a vertical or horizontal visual.

10._________A Line graph with more

than one category should always have a legend.

7th Grade

GirlsBoysTOTAL

0100200300400500600

Girls Boys TOTAL

7th Grade8th Grade

5 POINT BONUS Do the segments (spaces) between the rows and columns have to be equal?

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Types of Literature

Categories of Works of Art

Types of Literature Type Description Examples Novel Two types:

• Fiction – A story that has characters and a story that is not based on real events.

• Nonfiction – A story based on real events or facts.

Fiction - Star Trek, Nonfiction - Apollo 13

Play A work written for performance on stage. Actors may also sing and dance their parts. There are different types: • Drama – A real-life sequence of

events or a story that has an emotional conclusion.

• Comedy – A work that has a humorous theme and a happy ending.

• Tragedy – A work that has a main character and has a sequence of events that result in an unhappy ending.

• Musical – A work that has characters that act and sing in the story

Cats, Romeo and Juliet, Hair, West Side Story • Drama – The Diary of

Anne Frank, Our Town • Comedy – A Midnight

Summer’s Dream • Tragedy –Romeo and

Juliet, Macbeth • Musical – West Side

Story,

Biography A book written by an author about another person’s life.

The First 1000 Days of Nixon

Poetry A work written that explains beauty in a colorful (life-like) and imaginative experience by using sound (rhyme, rhythm, and free-verse descriptions)

The Raven, The Road Not Taken

Autobiography A book written by the author about his or her own life.

The Life of Mother Theresa,

Ballad Also known as: • Song • Lyric

John Henry, God Bless America

Directory An alphabetical listing of names, addresses and other data about a specific group of persons or organizations.

The Yellow Pages, Business and Residential Pages, The Apartment Guide, The Green Sheet,

Fantasy Fiction that has supernatural or superhuman characters or events.

Superman, Roger Rabbit

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Books and Plays Read the passage in the box. This is an example of each type of literature . Novels are primarily fiction (make believe) and non-fiction books are based on facts.

Some libraries now have computer terminals in addition to the card catalog to help you locate books and information. The listings seen on a computer terminal contain the same information as the card catalog.

Nonfiction

Cassius Those are my tents burning? Pindarus They are, sir. Titinius, be quick!

Rider out to those troops in the distance and find out who they are. Are they friends or enemies?

Titinius I’ll be right back!

Play

When I was in bed with Rheumatic Fever, I was unable to walk. My parents only had one TV and it was downstairs and my bedroom was upstairs. To pass the time I use to love to listen to the radio.

Autobiography

The founder of the American Red Cross, Clara Barton, was know as the “Angel of the Battlefield”. Barton earned this name during the Civil War.

Biography

He was faster than a speeding bullet, more powerful than a locomotive, able to leap tall buildings at a single bound. Disguised as a mild manner reporter who works for a metropolitan newspaper, Superman fights for truth, justice, and the American way.

Fantasy

Wassily Kandinsky, a Russian artist, is generally considered to be the first abstract painter. An abstract painting has no recognizable subject. Kandinsky believed that painting - like music - is primarily a form of personal expression, rather than a way to tell a story or express an idea.

Biography

T’was the day before Christmas, and all through

the hills The reindeer were playing…enjoying the spills

Fiction

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Poetry and Ballads Read the passages in the boxes for examples of poetry and ballads.

Part A Practice Write the titles of some songs and site the author, writer or lyricist. 1._______________________________________________________________________ 2._______________________________________________________________________ 3._______________________________________________________________________ Part B Practice Write the title of the song and a verse ( 5 lines) in the box below.

I’ll pain my mood in shades of blue paint my soul to be with you I’ll sketch your lips in shaded tones

draw your mouth to my own.

Ballad also known as a lyric or song

To freight cars in the air all the slow clank, clank clank, clank moving above the treetops

Poetry

Hold fast to dreams For if dreams die Life is a broken-winged bird That cannot fly

Poetry

In the town where I was born lived a man who sailed to sea, and he told us of his life in the land of submarines So we sailed into the sun till we found the sea of green And we live beneath the waves in a yellow submarine

Ballad

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References

References - A note in a publication referring the reader to another passage or source.

Types of Publications

Type Description Examples Encyclopedia A comprehensive (includes

everything) book that has articles on a broad range of subjects or on numerous aspects of a given topic.

The World Book, Britannic Gold Encyclopedia

Almanac An annual (once a year) book that includes calendars with weather forecasts, astronomical (having to do with planets and stars) information, tide tables and other related information presented in lists, tables, and charts.

Poor David’s Almanac

Dictionary A book of words that are organized in alphabetical order. This includes definition, a punctuation guide, and etymology (the study of where words originated).

Webster’s II New Riverside University Dictionary

Thesaurus A book of synonyms or words that have the same meaning.

Roget’s College Thesaurus

Atlas A book or collection of maps. Rand & McNally Atlas, Mapsco Street Guide

Newspaper A daily or weekly publication that has recent news events, featured articles, editorials, and advertisements on a variety of subjects.

The Wall Street Journal, The Washington Post, The Dallas Morning News

Magazine A publication containing a collection of articles, stories, pictures or features on a related subject.

People, Newsweek, TV Guide, Billboard

Practice – Write an example of each type. 1. Magazine _____________________________________________________

2. Dictionary _____________________________________________________ 3. Thesaurus _____________________________________________________ 4. Atlas _____________________________________________________ 5. Newspaper _____________________________________________________

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Resources Quiz Read the description and write the correct reference where the information can be located. 1.______________________ This identifies a synonym for the word grateful. 2.______________________ This records the temperature of the coldest winter in Texas. 3.______________________ This shows the neighboring states of Colorado. 4.______________________ This describes Song of the Year for The Grammy’s 5.______________________ This source states the year the Berlin Wall was built in Germany. 6.______________________ This shows the pronunciation of the word, advertisement. 7.______________________ This ranks top 10 teams in the NFL this year. 8.______________________ This advertises the times at the movie theater . 9.______________________ Employment openings are listed in this every week. 10._____________________ The greatest number of sunny days for a city is found in this book. 11._____________________ The local weather forecast for the next week is printed every day. 12._____________________ This shows the countries of Australia. 13._____________________ This provides the antonym for the word, freeze. 14._____________________ This explains the substances in rubber and how it is made. 15._____________________ This source provides classified ads and advertisements. 16._____________________ This source contains obituaries of local people. 17._____________________ This identifies the part of the speech of the word, cyborg. 18._____________________ This provides the correct spelling for abbreviations. 4 POINT BONUS What reference uses scale and a compass?

dictionary thesaurus newspaper atlas encyclopedia almanac

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APPENDIX

Pre-Testing Fact and Opinion

Write Fact or Opinion by each statement to identify it. 1.__________That restaurant is the best in

town. 2.__________Vice President Al Gore was

the former governor of TN. 3.__________I think it was raining in NY

yesterday. 4.__________Everyone says that Maria is a

good volleyball player. 5.__________This cologne makes me feel

like a millionaire. 6.__________Do you believe he shot that

store manager? 7.__________Jack was born in Russia. 8.__________It is an ugly day today. 9.__________The Dallas Stars won the

game 5 to nothing. 10._________I bet she cheated on the test. 11._________The president is elected every

four years in America. 12._________I am playing so much better

since I got my new ball glove. 13._________That is a beautiful tie you are

wearing.

14.__________The Senate term is for six

years. 15.__________Columbus is the capital of Ohio. 16.__________ Wearing diamonds makes me

look wealthy. 17__________The Principal’s office is in the

main building. 18.__________I like carrying a purse. 19.__________This calculator was really

expensive. 20.__________She lives on White Street.. 21.__________Our school has four lunch

periods on Friday. 22.__________Everyone says he’s crazy. 23.__________It was 107 degrees in Atlanta

yesterday. 24.__________He is lying to you. 25.__________The Principal’s office is in the

main building. 26.__________I like carrying a backpack.

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Prefixes and Suffixes Part A Write the prefix or suffix for each word. 1. dangerous ________________ 2. misfire ________________ 3. careless ________________ 4. dismount ________________ 5. racer ________________ 6. informant ________________ 7. reassemble ________________ 8. amoral ________________ 9. captivity ________________ 10. disorder ________________ 11. unequal ________________ 12. stability ________________ 13. refusal ________________ 14. useful ________________ 15. unhappy ________________ 16. thankful ________________ 17. immoral ________________ 18. undecided ________________ 19. quickly ________________ 20. drained ________________

Part B Write the word correct in the blank if the statement is correct. Leave it blank if it is an incorrect statement. 1.________Everyone knew he was a careless

driver, except no one would tell him. 2.________ It is too dangerous for children to

swim in deep water. 3.________Did a car just misfire or was that a

gunshot? 4.________Very few Panda bears are raised in

captivity. 5.________Your refusal to cooperate will only

get you into more trouble. Write whether the item is a Prefix or Suffix. 6.__________________tory 7.__________________in 8.__________________s 9.__________________ment 10._________________epi

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Regular and Irregular Verbs Part A Write A if the sentence is correct and B if it is wrong. 1._____He start his career in 1985. 2._____Where have you worked ? 3._____We pushed the car three blocks. 4._____He have arranged a meeting with us. 5._____You hired a good employee. 6._____They has stepped in mud. 7._____She is missing a folder. 8._____He walks to work every day. 9._____I are finishing my work for you today. 10.____He erased my work. 11.____They are working in the building . 12.____Has he tutored you before? 13.____We is mailing a letter to the president. 14.____The Policemen is talking to their class. 15.____She sank to the bottom of the sea. 16.____Have you caught any fish yet? 17.____I have ran a marathon before. 18.____Its footprint painted a pretty picture. 19.____We will be watching you on TV. 20.____They has spoiled the party.

Part B Write A if the sentence is correct and B if it is wrong.

1._____The hot beach burn the bottom of

his feet yesterday.

2._____She live across from the park in the

red brick house?

3.______We own our Toyota but it’s not paid

off.

4.______Connie and Claudia is leasing a

two bedroom apartment at college.

5._____Todd’s answers match all of mine

on the math practice test.?

6._____I have tested positive for an allergic

reaction to shrimp.

7._____Her writing generates long

discussions at the Book Club.

8._____It happen to me when I was driving

home from the grocery?

9._____That black and white dog are

walking with a limp.

10.____She am cleaning her room before

she goes out tonight.

11.____Our parents talk to my grandparents

in Mexico every week.

12.____He carries the groceries into the

house for his mother every week.

13.____Jack mow the lawn for his neighbor

because she is elderly.

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Punctuation Write the letter C if the sentence is correct and I if it is incorrect. 1.____Steve, Mary and I are going to the party. 2.____Jack can you hand me that ruler? 3.____Since the first grade I have had trouble understanding math. 4.____Terry brought the tent, sleeping bag, flashlight, and a lantern for our camping trip. 5.____How many of you arent coming tonight? 6.____Bring me the soccer balls. 7.____Jeff, President of the Student Council, is going to ask the principal for the money. 8.____After he left college, no one ever saw him again. 9.____Someones purse is on the desk. 10.____I told you he didnt' do it. 11.____What makes you think hes' guilty? 12.____Carmen's jacket is in the back seat. 13.____Al Gore, the former Vice President lost the presidential election. 14.____Dinner is at 800 o'clock Tues. evening. 15.____Ms White is teaching that subject. 16.____Has anyone seen my folder David? 17.____Yes he is coming to the dance. 18.____Get the gun from him! 19.____If I tell him he cannot repeat it to anyone. 20.____Thats my car. 21.____Carl, did you see my coat anywhere? 22.____He gave over $100,000.00 to the Children’s Fund. 23.____Don’t let the dog go outside

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Personal Pronouns Place an X by the sentences that are wrong.

Part A

1. _____Terry, Jack, and me will have to

ride the bus to the game tomorrow.

2. _____What makes you think he will win

this match?

3. _____I have not told him anything about

the trip to Ohio.

4. _____She has the highest grade point

average in our class.

5. _____Did you see my hat around here

anywhere?

6. _____The dog keeps biting its feet.

especially after he has been outside.

7. _____She has never told her mother

about that accident.

8. _____Do you think they will have

enough room for us on the plane?

9. _____Is your visit to France is going to

be a short one?

10. _____Someone said that he left his

jacket in the car.

11. _____Did Maria give them a chance to

explain why we were late?

12. _____What makes yours think that he is

going to move there right away?

13. _____Where is my green jacket with the

hood?

14. _____He and she have the best chance

of making it to the finals.

Part B

1. _____The hot beach burned the bottom

of its feet.

2. _____Is that their new house across the

street from the park?

3. ______Give me you coat and I will hang

it up.

4. ______Jesus, Claudia, and her are on

the debate team.

5. _____This gift is from you and me.

6. _____I have not told his anything about

the trip to Spain.

7. _____I gave the book back to her

yesterday.

8. _____Let’s keep this between you and I.

9. _____The dog keeps biting his feet,

especially after he has been outside.

10. _____She has never told her mother

about that accident.

11. _____Is that her or does it belong to

you?

12. _____Is your visit to France is going to

be a short one?

13. _____Someone said that he left his

jacket in the car.

14. _____That is not mine, but this is him

ball cap?

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Contractions Part A Write and spell the contraction for the words listed below No. Words Contraction 1. do not

2. did not

3. cannot

4. is not

5. will not

6. should not

7. could not

8. would not

9. has not

10. had not

11.

Was not

Place an X by any sentence that uses a contraction incorrectly. 1._____Theyre going to be here any minute. 2._____Terrys’ riding with us to the concert. 3._____Wasn’t’ he going to attend the university in the fall this year? 4._____Your’e going to be tardy for your next class if you stop there. 5._____Weve’ never seen that movie on video. 6._____She’ll never be as good a singer as her mother was. 7._____I’ve been working here for over 4 years . 8._____What’s the next game on TV? 9. ____How’s your mother getting along after her accident?

Part B Write the correct contraction in the space next to the sentence. 1.___________________Why has not she called me? 2.___________________I am not going there. 3.___________________He has left the building. 4.___________________She was not in class today. 5.___________________He will not try out. 6.___________________They are already in trouble.

7.___________________He is not ready for the test.

8.___________________They cannot win this election.

9.___________________He should not win.

10. _________________I could not let that happen.

11. _________________We did not lose to them.

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Capitalization

Place a checkmark in the space next to the number only by those sentences that are correct. 1.____Did you see that special that was on cbs last night? 2.____On our vacation to Italy we visited rome, milan and florence. 3.____No one ever thought that I could even qualify for the US Opympic Team. 4.____That novel takes place in the Middle ages. 5.____The professor is not that familiar with asian artifacts. 6.____We are all going over to Jose’s house to watch the super bowl. 7.____We are holding a bake sale to raise money for the junior prom. 8.____Do you know all the verses to “Amercia the beautiful”? 9.____That bill was sponsored by the National Organization for women. 10.___Have you seen the movie, “The Last of the Mohicans”? 11.___The gods of the ancient greeks were feared by many men and women. 12.___That decision was reviewed by the supreme court and was not reversed. 13.___I wonder where the special olympics will be held this year. 14.___Are we going to aunt Mary’s next Saturday to watch the game? 15.___Who said “give me liberty or give me death”? 16.___That movie was premiered at the loewe’s grand theatre in Atlanta, GA. 17.___What woman served in the US house of representatives? 18.___The rio grande is the southwestern border between Texas and Mexico. 19.___They took him to St. Mark’s hospital yesterday. 20.___Maimi Beach is near Biscayne bay and the Atlantic Ocean.

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This is the back cover.