*Research Instruments

The following pages contains a detaile of the research lab instrumnets in FPGPE.

Mercury-Free Windowed Cell PVT System

This mercury-free PVT system is a precision instrument used to perform volumetric and phase behavior studies on reservoir fluids at reservoir conditions of pressure and temperature.

Core Flood System

The Core Flooding System is an advanced, modular, computer controlled core-flooding system configured for the following tests:1-    Measuring water permeability2-    Adjustable for relative permeability3-    Surfactant /polymer/ water flooding4-    Gas flooding5-    EOR projects

Diffusivity Measurement Apparatus

The diffusivity measurement apparatus is a control qualified and semi –automated system which is designed to measure the diffusion coefficient of gases into liquids using novel techniques to quantify the diffusivity.

Volumetric Adsorption Measurement Setup

The adsorption apparatusis based on the static volumetric method. There is an adsorption cell and a loading cell. To minimize the dead volume as much as possible, 1/8 in. tubes and 1/8 in. valves are used.

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Vacuum Pressure Swing Adsorption Setup

A vacuum pressure swing adsorption (VPSA) system is one of the popular technique for gas separation by adsorption process. This process is used to produce oxygen and nitrogen with purity levels ranging from 90 to 95% and production rate between 1-10 liter/min. The system can use commercial or synthesis adsorbents which is considered to give the most advanced air or other separation process of its kind. This setup was applied to separation oxygen, nitrogen and CO2 from mixtures and has the potential to be adapted for other mixturesespecially light gases.This instrument contains four main sections:(a) The feed section is equipped with a compressor, a filtering and drying system and a mass flow controllers.(b) The VPSA columns have an inner diameter of 2.14 cm and a length of 75 cm. They were filled with approximately 1 litter adsorbent. Four thermocouples were installed at two of the four columns, to track the temperature front. (c) The pressure regulation section consists of pressure transmitter, solenoid valves, a vacuum pump, and three gas container. The gas containers are used to provide enough gas for the A programmable logic controller (PLC) linked to a personal computer (PC) is used for the control of the unit and for the data monitoring.(d) The analytical section includes a oxygen analyzer gas, in order to analyzing online the composition of mixture exiting the system. The outputs of the controller instruments and the gas analyzer are connected through an appropriate interface to a PC. When the cyclic steady state is reached, the collected data are integrated to obtain product recovery, purity, etc.

Solubity Measurement of Gases (CO2, CH4,..) in Solution Setup

The apparatus contains gas reservoir, regulator, vapor−liquid equilibrium cell (VLE cell), buffer vessel, vacuum pump, pressure and temperature measuring instruments, and indicators. The VLE cell and buffer vessel were made up of 316 stainless steel with

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internal volume of approximately 360 cm3 and 1470 cm, respectively. The temperature in each cell was measured by calibrated K-type thermocouple operated within (0.01 K accuracy); the pressure was measured with a calibrated pressure transmitter (Model: PSCH0025BCIJ, Sensys Co). Temperatures and pressures were recorded at constant time intervals with a recorder (Model SL-45, ATRON Co). The both cell were situated in a water bath, and the temperature of the water bath was sustained the steady temperature with the precision of ±0.2 K. A magnetic stirrer (Model HS180, MTOPS Co) is used in the VLE cell at a speed of 350 rpm to attain the equilibrium condition faster.

Accelerated Surface Area and Porosimetry System ASAP 2020-Micrometric

The highly versatile ASAP 2020 uses the following methods for measuring surface area, pore volume, and pore diameter of catalysts, adsorbents, and porous materials.•BET and Langmuir surface area•Pore volume and pore area distributions in the mesopore and macropore ranges by the BJH•Micropore distribution by the MP method and total micropore volume by the t-Plot and s-Plot methods•F-Ratio plots that illustrate the difference between theoretical and experimental isotherm dataHeat of Adsorption

Viscometer SVM 3000/Anton Paar

This instrument in applicable for determination of dynamic and kinematic viscosity and density of Lubricating oil, used oil, transformer oil, crude oil, heating oil, vegetable oil, Vaseline, etc.In addition, it has the ability to keep heavy fuel oil, wax distillates, heavy crude oil, bitumen, and other oils above their melting temperature to determine viscosity. Automatic display of the

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temperature dependent behavior of the sample viscosity in freely selectable measuring points is another precious specification.

Gas Chromatography -Agilent 7890A

The instrument employed for physical separation, identification and measurement of volatile materials in aqueous and organic solutions. It has FID and TCD detectors and has the following abilities:

Separation, identification, and measurement of a wide range of volatile compounds in oil and gas industries

Separation, identification, and measurement of aldehydes, ketones, aromatics, esters, glycols, halogenated hydrocarbons, nitrogen-based solvents, volatile amines, volatile sulfur compounds, food, flavor and fragrances and anticonvulsants, etc.

Viscosity System Size forthe Capillary RP890/Lauda

The temporal and spatial temperature stability required for precisely determining the viscosity is guaranteed for the full temperature range (-90 to 200 °C).Modern jets fly at 33,000 feet, where temperatures of -60 °C prevail. In this case, it needs to be ensured that viscosity levels do not increase during long-haul flights to a level over a critical value or that the paraffin begins flocculating as a result of the extreme temperature changes.

Rheometer MCR 301/Anton Paar

It can measure and calculate different physical properties of non-Newtonian fluids and semi-solids in the following ranges:

Maximum MinimumTorque 200mNm 100 nNm-Angular Velocity

3000 min-1 10-6 min-1

Temperature 1000 ℃ -150

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Frequency 100Hz 10-5

It can be used to conduct shear rate tests, shear stress tests, creep tests, normal force tests, stress relaxation tests, deformation amplitude, temperature tests, Tack tests, and oscillatory tests.Microwave reaction system /Multiwave PRO/Anton Paar

This instrument provides users with desired sample preparation solution required to obtain excellent trace analysis results. It masters high temperatures and provides comprehensive reaction control features. Its wide range of accessories allows digestion, leaching, oxygen combustion, solvent extraction, drying, evaporation, and UV digestion with one single system.

Heat of combustion (Calorimeter) C2000/Petrotest

This instrument provides the determination of the heat of combustion of liquid hydrocarbon fuels ranging in volatility from that of light distillates to that of residual fuels. Measurement and calculation of gross calorific value according to DIN 51900,ISO 1928, ASTM D240, ASTM D4809, ASTM D5865, ASTM D1989, ASTMD5468, ASTM E711Calculation of net calorific value according to DIN 51900, ASTM D240,ASTM D4809, ASTM D5865, ASTM D1989, ASTM D5468, ASTM E711Measurement range: max. 40,000 J

Karl-Fischer Titrator/Titrino/Metrohm

It offers a titrator for the determination of moisture (water) in samples. Water can affect product quality, texture, shelf life, chemical stability and reactivity. The Karl Fischer titration is a universally acknowledged method for measuring water content in all types of substances including chemicals, oils, pharmaceuticals

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and food. Designed for routine operation, these instruments come with a user interface that is very easy to use. Methods are preprogrammed on the instruments. To start the process, you only have to push a button.

Melting Point MeterKSP1N-Kruss

With this instrument, powdery substances with amelting point up to 360 °C can visually be examined in capillaries.A fan cooling allows fast measurements in every range of temperature.Measuring range: 30 – 360 °CResolution: 0.1 °CAccuracy: ± 0.3 °C (30 – 200 °C) and ± 0.5 °C (200 – 360 °C)

Conradson Carbon Residue Tester (CCRT)Lin-Tech

The device is applicable for determination of the amount of carbon residue left afterevaporation and pyrolysis of an oil, and is intended to provide some indication of relative coke-forming propensities.

Salinometer SCO 1/Petrotest

This is used for determination of the approximate chloride (salts) concentration in crude oil according to ASTM D3230, IP 265, JIS K 2601. The range of concentration covered is 0 to 500 mg/kg or 0 to 150 lbs/1000 bbl as chloride concentration/volume of crude oil.

Aniline Point Tester 215000-A/M/Lin-Tech

This instrument is suitable for measuring Aniline Point and Mixed Aniline Point of transparent petroleum products and hydrocarbon

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solventswith an initial boiling point above room temperature and where the aniline point is below the bubble point and above the solidification point of the aniline-sample mixture (according to ASTM D611-A, IP 2-A).

Sulfur Determination Instrument resistance-type Furnace/Petrotest

This instrument covers a procedure using high temperature method according to ASTM D 1552 with a resistance-type furnace for determination of total sulfur in petroleum products including lubricating oils containing additives, and in additive concentrates. This is applicable to samples boiling above 177°C (350°F) and containing not less than 0.06 mass % sulfur.

Uv/Vis Spectrophotometer Photonix Ar 2015/Teifsanje P.P Co.

This instrument is routinely used in analytical chemistry for the quantitative determination of different analytes, such as transition metal ions, highly conjugatedorganic compounds, and biological macromolecules.Wavelength range 200-800 nmResolution < + 1.0 nmWavelength accuracy < ± 0.1 nmScan time 2-1000 msTypical scantime 0.1 sLight source Deuterium + Tungestan lamp

Digital Reactor Block 200 (DRB 200)

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BOD-Measurement

ApplicationsMicrobiological ResearchFood IndustryDairiesLaboratoriesResearch CentresUniversities

Dual Light Scattering Particle Size Analyzer Cilas Nano DsThe NEW Cilas Nano DS combines dynamic light scattering and static light scattering measurement in a single optical system.

Zetameter ZetaCompact

ZetaCompact is a zetameter based on the micro-electrophoresis, i.e. coupling direct observation (microscopy) and particles motion under an applied electric field (electrophoresis). Illumination of the measuring cell is done by a laser sheet or Single Plane Illumination Microscopy generated by the combination of lenses and a laser. This technique allows an observation in a single vertical plane.

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*A number of in-house made setups

Membrane Setup for Gas Dehumidify

Porosity and Permeability Measurement Setup

Water Treatment Setup By Nano Filtration And Reverse

Osmosis

Methane Reforming Reactor Setup

Nano Filtration and Ultrafiltration Setup

Membrane Permeability Measurement Setup

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Electrodialysis SetupHollow fiber Membrane Setup

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