ensayo osku-fresh delmonteonly competitor 22.6 1.5 bottom pad t4 0.1 competitor pads 21.6...

OSKU-FRESH DELMONTE SULFUR DIOXIDE PADS TRIALS

STORAGE OF THOMPSON SEEDLESS AND RED GLOBE TABLEGRAPE WITH A

NEW BOTTOM PAD .

2008 FRUIT PRODUCTION SEASON

viernes 16 de abril de 2010

OBJECTIVES

Assess the SO2 emission capacity and duration of a newly developed bottom pad .

Evaluate the combination of an upper paper pad together with a plastic bottom pad.

Compare the performance of OSKU’s pads against a competitor.


PACKAGING MATERIALS

THOMPSON SEEDLESS RED GLOBE

Carboard box, 40 x 50 cm. Carboard box, 40 x 50 cm. 0.9 % O.A. container bag. 2 % O.A. microperforated bag.

Four side paper sheets. Four side paper sheets. Corrugated carboard sheet. Corrugated carboard sheet. Plastic bottom pad. Plastic bottom pad. A sheet of sulphite paper. A sheet of sulphite paper Nine grape bags. Nine grape bags.

Absorb pad. Absorb pad. Upper paper generator pad Upper paper generator pad Absorb pad. Absorb pad Side papers & container bag clos. Side paper and container bag clos.


TREATMENTS

T0 = Reference treatment without any pad.

T1 = Upper and bottom OSKU pads.

T2 = Only bottom OSKU pad.

T3 = Upper and bottom competitor pads.

T4 = Only bottom competitor pad.


OSKU PADS SPECIFICATIONSThompson seedless trial.

* UPPER PAD. a) Size 26 x 46 cm. b) Metabisulfite load : 7.5 + 1 gr. c) Barrier : 40/20 y 30/20 (gr/m2).* BOTTOM PAD (perforated). a) Size 26 x 46 cm. b) Metabisulfite load : 3 - 3.5 gr. c) Barrier : Two equal 40 microns composite polymeric sheets.


OSKU PADS SPECIFICATIONSRed Globe trial.

* UPPER PAD. a) Size 26 x 46 cm. b) Metabisulfite load : 11+ 1 gr. c) Barrier : 40/20 y 30/20 (gr/m2).* BOTTOM PAD (perforated). a) Size 26 x 46 cm. b) Metabisulfite load : 3 - 3.5 gr. c) Barrier : Two equal 40 microns composite polymeric sheets.


SPECIFICATIONS COMPETITOR PADSThompson seedless trial.

* UPPER PAD . a) Size : 26 x 46 cm. b) Metabisulfite load : 7.5 + 1.0 gr. c) Barrier : 40/15 gr/m2.

* BOTTOM PAD. a) Size 33 x 46 cm. b) Metabisulfite load : 3,0 grams. c) Barrier : 40/20 gr/m2


SPECIFICATIONS COMPETITOR PADRed Globe trial.

* UPPER COMPETITOR PAD . a) Size : 26 x 46 cm. b) Metabisulfite load : 11 + 1.0 gr. c) Barrier : 40/20 gr/m2.

* BOTTOM PAD. a) Size 20 x 46 cm. b) Metabisulfite load : 2.5 grams. c) Barrier : PE 40/15 gr/m2, PP 30 gr/m2


ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS DURING PACKAGING

TEMPERATURE : 26 – 27 ºC RELATIVE HUMUDITY : 39 – 43 %


PROCESSING TIMES

15:10 – 15:40 23:15

PRE COOLING

09:15

PAC

KA

GIN

G

GA

S M

INIT

OR

ING

GA

S M

ON

ITO

RIM

NG

18:20 22:45

26ºC 14ºC


IN VITRO LABORATORY PAD ASSESSMENT .

0

0,8

1,5

2,3

3,0

0 400 800 1.200 1.600

Del Monte trial pad MAX 2 dual release 8,5 [g]

SO2

[mg/

h]

Time [hours]

MAX2 con 7,5+1 [g] Na2S2O5


MONITORING

Weekly SO2 concentration monitoring under upper pad and above bottom pad.

In-box temperature and relative humidity (data logger).

Fruit condition ( decay, bleaching). @ 30 and 60 days for Thompson seedless and @ 30, 60 and 90 days for Red globe.

SO2 remaining in the pad at the end of trial.


DURATION OF TRIALS

THOMPSON SEEDLESS TRIAL : 64 DAYS RED GLOBE TRIAL : 97 DAYS


GAS MONITORING INSTRUMENT AND PORTABLE PUMP


TEMPERATURE/RELATIVE HUMIDITY DATA LOGGER


RESULTS


TEMPERATURE/RELATIVE HUMIDITY DURING STORAGE. THOMPSON SEEDLESS TRIAL.


TEMPERATURE/RELATIVE HUMIDITY DURING STORAGE. RED

GLOBE TRIAL.


AIRBORNE SULFUR DIOXIDE CONCENTRATIONS


AIRBORNE SO2 CONCENTRATION. OSKU PADS COMBINATION. THOMPSON

SEEDLESS GRAPE TRIAL.

0

7,5

15,0

22,5

30,0

0 15 30 45 60

SO2 CONCENTRATION UNDER UPPER PAD

SO2

CO

NC

ENTR

ATIO

N (p

pm v

ol)

TIME (days)


AIRBORNE SO2 CONCENTRATION, OSKU PADS COMBINATION. THOMPSON SEEDLESS TRIAL.

0

10,0

20,0

30,0

40,0

0 15 30 45 60

SO2 CONCENTRATION ABOVE BOTTOM PAD

SO

2 C

ON

CEN

TRAT

ION

(ppm

vol

.)

TIME (days)


AIRBORNE SO2 CONCENTRATION, OSKU PADS COMBINATION. RED GLOBE TRIAL

0

2,8

5,5

8,3

11,0

0 25 50 75 100

SO2 CONCENTRATION UNDER UPPER PAD

SO

2 C

ON

CEN

TRAT

ION

(ppm

vol

)

TIME (days)


AIRBORNE SO2 CONCENTRATION, OSKU PADS COMBINATION. RED GLOBE TRIAL.

0

3,8

7,5

11,3

15,0

0 25 50 75 100

SO2 CONCENTRATION ABOVE BOTTOM PAD

SO

2 C

ON

CEN

TRAT

ION

(ppm

vol

)

TIME (days)


AIRBORNE SO2 CONCENTRATION OSKU PAD. THOMPSON SEEDLESS TRIAL

0

1,0

2,0

3,0

4,0

0 15 30 45 60

SO2 CONCENTRATION UPPER PART OF BOX. SINGLE BOTTOM PAD

SO2

CO

NC

ENTR

ATIO

N (p

pm v

ol.)

TIME (days)


AIRBORNE SO2 CONCENTRATION OSKU SINGLE BOTTOM PAD. THOMPSON

SEEDLESS TRIAL.

0

7,5

15,0

22,5

30,0

0 15 30 45 60

SO2 CONCENTRATION ABOVE BOTTOM PAD. SINGLE BOTTOM PAD

SO

2 C

ON

CEN

TRAT

ION

(ppm

vol

.)

TIME (days)


AIRBORNE SO2 CONCENTRATION OSKU SINGLE BOTTOM PAD. RED GLOBE TRIAL.

0

0,4

0,8

1,1

1,5

0 25 50 75 100

SINGLE BOTTOM PAD. SO2 CONCENTRATION UPPER PART OF BOX.

SO

2 C

ON

CEN

TRAT

ION

(ppm

vol

)

TIME (days)


AIRBORNE SO2 CONCENTRATION OSKU SINGLE BOTTOM PAD. RED GLOBE TRIAL.

0

2

4

5

7

0 25 50 75 100

SINGLE BOTTOM PAD. SO2 CONCENTRATION ABOVE BOTTOM PAD.

SO

2 C

ON

CEN

TRAT

ION

(ppm

vol

)

TIME (days)


AIRBORNE SO2 CONCENTRATION COMPARISON OF PADS . THOMPSON

SEEDLESS TRIAL.

0

7,5

15,0

22,5

30,0

0 15 30 45 60

SO2 CONCENTRATION UNDER UPPER PAD. TWO PADS PER BOX

SO2

CO

NC

ENTR

ATIO

M[p

pm]

TIME [days]

OSKU PAD

COMPETITOR PAD


AIRBORNE SO2 CONCENTRATION COMPARISON OF PADS. THOMPSON

SEEDLESS TRIAL.

0

10,0

20,0

30,0

40,0

0 15 30 45 60

SO2 CONCENTRATION ABOVE BOTTOM PAD. TWO PADS PER BOX

SO2

CO

NC

ENTR

ATIO

N [p

pm v

ol]

TIME [days]

OSKUPAD

COMPETITORPAD


AIRBORNE SO2 CONCENTRATION. COMPARISON OF PADS. RED GLOBE TRIAL.

0

3,8

7,5

11,3

15,0

0 25 50 75 100

SO2 CONCENTRATION UNDER UPPER PAD. TWO PADS PER BOX

SO

2 C

ON

CEN

TRAT

ION

[ppm

vol

]

TIME [days]

OSKU PAD

COMPETITOR PAD


AIRBORNE SO2 CONCENTRATION. COMPARISON OF PADS. RED GLOBE TRIAL.

0

3,8

7,5

11,3

15,0

0 25 50 75 100

SO2 CONCENTRATION ABOVE BOTTOM PAD. TWO PADS PER BOX.

SO

2 C

ON

CEN

TRAT

ION

[ppm

vol

]

TIME (days)

OSKU PAD

COMPETITO


ANALYSIS OF (ppm x hr) CURVES.


FRUIT BOX WITH TWO OSKU PADS (upper and bottom). THOMPSON SEEDLESS TRIAL.

0

125,0

250,0

375,0

500,0

0 15 30 45 60

VALUE (ppm x hr) AGAINST TIME

VALU

E( C

X t)

(pp

m x

day

)

TIME (days)

UNDER UPPER PAD

ABOVE BOTTOM PAD


AVERAGE SO2 CONCENTRATION . TWO OSKU PADS PER BOX. THOMPSON

SEEDLESS TRIAL

a) Under upper pad. * Between 10 and 30 days = 13.5 ppm. * Between 30 and 59 days = 3 ppm.

b) Above bottom pad. * Between 10 and 30 days = 11.6 ppm. * Between 30 y 59 days = 2 ppm.


FRUIT BOX WITH TWO OSKU PADS (upper and bottom). RED GLOBE TRIAL

0

125,0

250,0

375,0

500,0

0 25 50 75 100

CURVE (ppm x hr) AGAINST TIME

C x

t (p

pm x

day

)

TIME (days)

ABOVE BOTTOM PAD

UNDER UPPER PAD


AVERAGE SO2 CONCENTRATION . TWO OSKU PADS PER BOX. RED GLOBE TRIAL.

a) Under upper pad. * Between 0 and 33 days = 5 ppm. * Between 34 and 64 days = 5.5 ppm. * Between 65 and 97 days = 1.8 ppm.b) Above bottom pad. * Between 0 and 33 days = 6.8 ppm. * Between 34 and 64 days = 5.4 ppm. * Between 65 and 97 days = 1.7 ppm.


SULFITE RESIDUE IN UPPER AND BOTTOM PAD AFTER 60 DAYS

STORAGE (Thompson seedless trial).

Treatment T1 (Max 2 OSKU)= 0.5 +/-0.1 gr. metabis. Treatment T3 (26x46 IMAL) = 0.4 +/- 0.2 gr. metabis. Bottom pad OSKU = 0.1 +/- 0 gr. metabis. Competitor bottom pad = 0.1 +/- 0 gr. metabis.


RESIDUE OF METABISILFITE IN PADS. RED GLOBE TRIAL.

2,52,12,3

12

Average96T340/2026 x 46Competitor

Long Life

3,54,03,7

12

Average96T140/2026 x 46OSKU MAX2 LV

11+1 [g]

5,05,05.0

12

Average60T340/2026 x 46Competitor

Long Life

5,75,85,7

12

Average60T140/2026 x 46OSKU MAX2 LV

11+1 [g]

RESIDUALMETABISULF.

[g]

SAMPLETIME [Days]TREATMENTBARRIER

PE [g/m2]SIZE[cm]

GENERATOR


FRUIT CONDITION


OBSERVATION AT 30 DAYS.THOMPSON SEEDLESS TRIAL

Decay : One berry with Penicillium in treatment T4.

Bleaching: One berry per box in treatment T1 (three boxes observation).


OBSERVATION AT 60 DAYS. THOMPSON SEEDLESS TRIAL

1.5 22.6Only competitor bottom pad

T4

0.1

21.6Competitor padscombination.

T3

0.817.8Only OSKU bottom pad

T2

0.213.3OSKU pads comboination

T1

1.34.6Without pad.T0

DECAY(% w/w)

BERRY CRACKING(%w/w)

DESCRIPTION TREATMENT


CONCLUSIONS

Regarding SO2 concentration distribution in the box, OSKU pads combination produces a quite equilibrated gas profile in the box.

Average concentrations in last 30 days ranges between 1.7 and 3 ppm depending on the storage period.

The effect of the bottom pad extends to the upper region of the box, as shown by only bottom pad treatment (T2).


CONCLUSIONS

Combination of upper and bottom pads produces a reinforcement of gas concentrations at the bottom of the box, being the whole gas treatment slightly more intense in that area, compared with the uppermost plane of the box.

The duration of OSKU bottom pad is 50 days.


CONCLUSIONS

Regarding fruit condition, the combination of an upper and a bottom pad protects adequately the fruit during storage. The metabisulfite dosage and barrier selection of the upper pad must be done according to required storage period.


Example of fungal nest. Treatment T0without pad after 60 days storage.


Example of berry cracking after 60 days cold storage.


OBSERVATION OF RED GLOBE TRIAL AT 97 DAYS STORAGE. (T0)


OBSERVATION OF RED GLOBE TRIAL AT 97 DAYS STORAGE. (T1)


ensayo osku-fresh delmonteonly competitor 22.6 1.5 bottom pad t4 0.1 competitor pads 21.6...

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