enterprise architecture & archimate

1

ArchiMate:Integration withEnterprise Architecture

SIKS basic course onArchitectures for IKSVught, Sept. 28, 2006

Henk JonkersTelematica [email protected]

ArchiMate Focus Areas

Communication &visualisation

Integratedmodelling

Analysis

Overview

• Introduction: Enterprise architecture & ArchiMate

• Integrated modelling

– Integration of business, applications, and technology

– Service orientation

– Exercise

• Analysis of architectures

– Quantitative analysis

• Communication and visualisation of architectures

• ArchiMate in practice

Enterprise Architecture & ArchiMate

Context

• Gap between Business and ICT decreases

• Ever higher demands on ICT: complexity, flexibility

• Many changes, rapid time-to-market required

• Management & control difficult

• Architecture as a tool

– for communication

– for governance

– for innovation

2

Architecture

IEEE Std 1471:

Architecture = Structure of a system in terms of

• components,

• their externally visible properties,

• their relations,

• and the underlying principles

“Structure with a vision”

Governance With Architecture

• Architecture is a strategic tool– Not just high-level design – Architecture goes beyond ICT: enterprise

architecture• Stability & flexibility

– Seem to be contradictory, but a good architecture facilitates change!

• Communication with stakeholders– Architects, managers, customers, engineers, …

• Analysis – Impact of change– Cost & performance

Enterprise Architecture: Describing Coherence

Process architecture

Application architecture Technical architecture

Information architecture Product architecture

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Better Support for the Enterprise Architect

• Increasing need for precise documentation on the

enterprise architecture level

– Integrating various models in many languages

(UML, IDEF, BPMN, ARIS, ...)

• Communicating about architecture with others

• Tool interoperability

• Needed: well-founded and practical standard for

enterprise architecture modelling

The ArchiMate Research Project

• 2½ years, July 2002 - December 2004

• approx. 35 man-years, 4 million euro

• Consortium of companies and knowledge institutes

• Directed by Telematica Instituut

What Has ArchiMate Delivered?

• A vision on enterprise architecture– Focus on the relations between

business and IT• A language for describing architectures

– models give precision andmake tool support possible

• Techniques for visualisation and analysis, aimed at various stakeholders

• A basis and vision for tools– Visio stencils

• Long term goal: vendor-independent standard forarchitecture description

3

ArchiMate Forum

• Open cooperation between ArchiMate users, vendors,

educators, and consultants

• Long term objective:

– An independent standard for describing enterprise architectures

• Goals of the ArchiMate Forum:

– Creating critical mass

– Supporting organizations in applying ArchiMate

– Contributing to international standards

Members ArchiMate Forum

Standardisation

• Close contacts with OMG (known from UML) and

Open Group (from TOGAF)

• Contributors to the OMG SIG on Service-Oriented

Architecture

– First statement of their charter: To support a

modeling approach to SOA development that links

architecture, business, and technology views of

services […]

• The first step towards standardization for enterprise

architecture modeling

Integrated Modelling

Integration

• An architecture might encompass for example:

– products

– organisation

– business processes

– information

– applications

– systems

This requires concepts for domains and relations, linked with existing techniques

The ArchiMate Language

ArchiMate languageHigh-level modelingwithin a domain

Modeling relations between domains

Basis forvisualizations

Basis foranalysis

4

Integration of Models

UML componentdiagram

UML classdiagram

Transactionentry

Billcreation

Take out insurance

Receiverequest

Processrequest

Collectpremium Invoice

Invoicedata

Financial

application

BPMNdiagram

Arc

hiS

uran

ce Calculateamount

Checkinvoice

ArchiveInvoice

Sendinvoice

In-voice

Layers, Aspects, and Domains

Technology

Application

Business

Environment

Information Behavior Structure

Processdomain

Informationdomain

Datadomain

Organizationdomain

Productdomain

Application domain

Technical infrastructure domain

Conceptual Tent

StructureElement

Inter-action

Collabo-ration

Service Interface

Behaviourelement

Internal

External

Behaviour

Structure

Internal

External

Internal

External

Behaviour

Structure

Behaviour

Structure

Business Layer metamodel

Businessactor

Businessrole

Business object

Value

Business service

Event

Businessinterface

Business process /function / interaction

Contract

Product

Representation Business collaboration

Meaning

Business Functions and Actors

business function

Insurance policies

flow

Contracting ClaimHandling

ArchiSurance

business actor

assignment

product

Travel Insurance

Policy

contract

Product and Services

SecurityCustomer

business rolevalue

Customerinformation

service

Insuranceapplication

service

Claimregistration

service

Claimregistration

service

Claimpaymentservice

business service

5

Business Process

Handle Claim

PayValuateAcceptRegisterDamageoccurred

event

Notification

access

business object

Customer Information

service

Claimpaymentservice

business service

realisation

Claim registration

service

Customer business actor

used by

Insurant business role

business process

Business Interactions

CustomerArchiSurance business actor

business interaction

Register

Insurant business role

Insurer

aggregationClaim registration

partners

business collaboration

assigment

Information

specialisation

Car insurance policy

Home insurance policy

Travel insurance policy

Liability insurance policy

Legal aid insurance policy

aggregationCustomer file

Customer

composition

Damage claimInsurance policyInsurance request

realisation

Claimform

representation

Application Layer Metamodel

Application Concepts

Policy administration

Financial administration

application component

Premiumcollection

Policycreation application

function

application interaction

Policy creationservice

applicationservice application

interface

Customer file

data

Policydata

data object

Application Usage by BusinessProcesses

Handle claim

Registration PaymentValuationAcceptanceNotifi-cation

Financialapplication

Policyadministration

administrationCustomer

servicePaymentservice

CRMsystem

Claim

serviceadministration

Notifi-cationdata

6

Technology Layer Metamodel

Artifact

Infrastructure interface

Infrastructure service

Node

DeviceSystemsoftware Network

Communicationpath

Technology Concepts

zSeries Mainframe Sun Blade

device

Databasetables

Fin.application

EJBs

artifact

Databaseaccessservice

MQmessaging

service Infrastructure service

DB2Database

iPlanetApp. server

system software

LAN

network

association

Deployment of Applications


Policyadministration

CRMsystem

Notifi-cationdata

zSeries Mainframe

DB2Database

Sun Blade

iPlanetApp. server

Databaseaccessservice

MQ messaging

service

Databasetables

Fin.application

EJBsLAN

LayeredArchitecture

Infrastructure

External infrastructure services

Application components and services

Roles and actors

External application services

External business services

Damage claiming process

Client Insurant InsurerArchiSurance

Registration PaymentValuationAcceptance

Customerinformation

service

Claimspaymentservice

Customeradministration

service

Paymentservice

CRM system

Financial application

Customerinformation

service

Claimregistration

service

Claimregistration

service

Claimsadministration

service

Policy administration

Claimfiles

service

zSeries mainframe

DB2database


EJBs

Customerfiles

service

Sun Blade

iPlanetapp server

Claiminformation

service

Business layer

Application layer

Technology layer

Services as Binding Concept

Externalbusiness service

Internalbusiness service

Internalinfra. service

Externalinfra. service Technology

Application

Business

Customer

Externalapplication service

Internalapplication service

Derivation of indirect relationships

Client Insurant

Damage claiming process

Registration

Claimregistration

service

administrationCustomer

service

CRMsystem

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‘realises’ ⊗ ‘used by’ ⊗‘ realises’ ⊗‘used by’ ⊗ ‘assigned to’ =

‘used by’

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Summary of Main Concepts

Business

Application

Technology

Information Behaviour Structure

DeviceSystem software

Infrastructure service

Artifact Network

Infrastructureinterface

Applicationcomponent

Application function

Application service

Dataobject

Application interface

Business actor

Businessrole

Business process

Business service

Business object

Event

Represen-tation

Businessinteraction

Businesscollaboration

Exercise: DMS for Damage Reports

• Damage expert writes damage report• Scanned report stored in DMS• Administrator uses report for claim

assessment

Analysis of Architectures

5.4 sec.

Analysis of (enterprise) systems

Quantitativeanalysis

Functionalanalysis

Performance, costs

Discrete-event simulation

Analytical techniques

Behaviour, structure

Animation

Formal methods

Functional & Quantitative AnalysisFunctional & Quantitative Analysis

Metamodel and Quantification of Concepts

ActorRole

Applicationcomponent

Applicationfunction

Business object

Artifact

Value

Applicationservice

Applicationinterface

Infrastructureinterface

Infrastructureservice

Node

DeviceSystemsoftware Network

Organisationalservice

Event

Organisationalinterface

Businessprocess/function

Data object

Contract

Product

Communicationpath

Representation

service

resource

service

11

1

*

*

object* * process *

f, T

f, T

f, T

f, Cn

Business

Application

Technology

Analysis of Layered Models

Technical infrastructure

Infrastructural services

Application components

Application services

Business processes

Business services

Customers

workload“vertical”

performancemeasures

“horizontal” performance measures

8

Example: Damage Reports in ArchiSurance

Claimhandling

Claimsubmission

Administrator:“User”

Damage expert:“Producer”

DocumentManagement

system

DatabaseSystem

Business Service View





Business processes

Organisational services

Customers

Claim handlingprocess

claimassessment

f = 600/day

Claim submissionprocess

claimregistration

Administrator Damage expert

f = 200/day

n = 1 n = 1

λ = 600/day λ = 200/day

λ = 600/day λ = 200/day

Application Support View





Business processes


Customers

Claim submissionprocess

Claim handlingprocess

search damagereports

view damagereport

store damagereport

Claimhandlingsupport

Reportscanning

application

λ = 600/day λ = 200/day

n = 1 n = 1.5 n = 2λ = 400/day

λ = 600/day λ = 900/day

λ = 400/dayλ = 1500/day

Application View





Business processes


Customers

Reportscanning

application

storedocument

retrievedocument

view damagereport

Databasesystem

Documentmanagement

system

Searchdatabase


databasequery

search damagereports

Retrievedamagereport

databaseentry

store damage

Scan & storedocument

Storedocument

Entermeta-data

report

λ = 400/dayλ = 600/day λ = 900/day

λ = 400/dayλ = 1500/day

n = 1n = 1 n = 1

n = 1

λ = 600/day λ = 900/day λ = 400/day λ = 400/day

λ = 600/day λ = 900/dayλ = 400/day

λ = 400/dayλ = 1300/day

λ = 1000/day

Deployment View





Business processes


Customers

Documentserver

Databaseserver

DesktopPC

LAN

Scanningstation

Reportscanning

application

Databasesystem

Documentmanagement

system


λ = 1500/day λ = 400/dayλ = 1300/day λ = 1000/day

λ = 1500/day λ = 400/day

λ = 1300/day λ = 1000/day

Integration of Analysis Results

Take out insurance

Receiverequest

AcceptRequest

Collectpremium

Transactionentry

Invoicing


Applicationserver

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Infrastructure/Application View

λ = 400/day λ = 400/day

T = 10 s T = 14 s





Business processes


Customers

(= 0.014/s) (= 0.014/s)

retrievedocument

Documentmanagement

system

storedocument

Documentserver

0.014 * 10 = 0.14 0.014 * 14 = 0.20

(Little’s law)

M M 1

R = 10/(1-0.34) = 15.2 s R = 14/(1-0.34) = 21.2 s

U = 34%

Communicating Architectures

Views & Viewpoints

• A viewpoint describes the set of concerns of one or

more stakeholders. It defines how to build a view, e.g.

by means of a template.

• A view is a representation of a system from a

viewpoint. A view is what you see, looking from the

perspective of the stakeholder and his/her concerns.

IEEE 1471 Core

Viewpoint View

Model

Stakeholder

consists of1..*

conforms to

is addressed to1..*

Concern used to cover1..*

is important to1..*

has 1..*

participates in1..*

establishes methods for 1..*

Viewpoints Classification

architect,software

developer,business process

designer

Deciding

Designing Informing

Details

Coherence

Overview

product manager, CIO, CEO

customer,employee,

others

Viewpoints for Designing

• Basic design viewpoints– Organisation– Business function– Business process– Information structure– Application structure– Application behaviour– Infrastructure

• Resemble ‘diagrams’ of e.g. UML

– Actor coordination– Product– Service realisation– Business process

coordination– Application usage– Application coordination– Implementation &

deployment

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Application BehaviourApplication Behaviour

Home & Away Policy administration

Policy creation

Calculatepremium

Calculaterisk

Createpolicy

Storepolicy

Policy creationservice

Customer fileInsurance policyInsurance request

Viewpoints for Deciding

• Give a high-level overview for e.g. business managers• Can be used to identify problems or possible

improvements• Example: Landscape map

– 2-D representation– Possibly interactive

MaintainingCustomer &

IntermediaryRelations

ClaimHandling

Contracting

DocumentProcessing

LiabilityInsurance

CarInsurance

TravelInsurance

HomeInsurance

Legal AidInsurance

Web portal

Call center application

Customer relationship management system

Home & AwayPolicy administration

Legal Aidbackofficesystem

Legal AidCRM

Document management system

Home & AwayFinancial application

BusinessFunctions

Products

FinancialHandling

Car insuranceapplication

Landscape map ArchiSurance Viewpoints for Informing

• Process illustration• Goal is communication• Pictures aimed at

‘non-architects’Archief

$$Kluis

Bestand

bericht

document

Process Illustration (I)


Infrastructure

Roles

External Organisational services

BPM process

Douaneeenheid Inning

Klantbehandeling

adiministratie

Aangiftebetaling

Aangifteadiministratie

RIN

Aangiftebehandeling

BPMclient

BPM server(BCICT)

BPMworkstation(Douane-eenheid)

RDWBCICTParticulier

Fiattering

RIN server(Inning)

WAN WAN

Vordering

Betaling

Administratie

Balie

CatalogusWaarde

Aangiftebestand

BPMserver

Kluis Archief

inning

Inning

Geldaangifte

Process Illustration (II)

BPMaangiftepunt

Douane eenheidBPM17ex2

Inning

RDW

Administratie

BCICTautomatiserings

centrum

Balie

Behandeling

Archief

$$Kluis

Catalog.waarde

AangifteBestand

BPMworkstation

(Douaneeenheid)

BPMserver

(BCICT)

RINserver

(Inning)

BPM17ex3

BPM17ex1

Inningvordering

betaling

aangiftebetaling

betaling

acceptgiro

11

ArchiMate in PracticeResults in Practice

• Applications at over 30 organizations

– e.g. Dutch Tax Administration and many other companies and government institutes

• Tools

– BiZZdesign, Troux Metis (certified)

– IDS Scheer, Adaptive, Telelogic (implementing)

– MEGA, Casewise, ASG, IBM (interested)

• Education

– Used by several Dutch universities and other educational institutes

• Rapidly growing international attention

Some ArchiMate Users• User organisations

– Tax Administration– ABN AMRO – ABP– SVB – ADP– VGZ-IZA– Kluwer– Interpolis– NS Reizigers– Quion– CVZ– Provincie Groningen – Provincie Gelderland– Vitens– TPG– UWV, CWI

• Tool vendors– BiZZdesign– Adaptive– Troux– IDS Scheer– interest from Telelogic, ASG,

MEGA, Casewise, IBM

• ICT consultants– Ordina– Getronics PinkRoccade– Sogeti– Atos Origin– CIBIT– IBM– LogicaCMG– Capgemini

• Research & education– Telematica Instituut– Universiteit Leiden– Radboud Universiteit Nijmegen– Centrum voor Wiskunde & Informatica– Hogeschool van Amsterdam– Avans Hogeschool Breda– CIBIT– Universiteit Twente– Lisbon Technical University – TU Delft

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BD h oo g

BD g em id deld

BD la ag

ro un d r ob inload bala nc ing

lez enbe ric ht

Ver stu re n UWV b eric hte n

be pale nbe ste mmin g

s tur enb er ic ht

leze nbe rich t

bep ale nbes temmin g

st ur enbe ric ht

le zenb er icht

b epa lenb est emming

stu re nber ich t

stu re nbe rich t

Ve rs tur en PANA ber ich t

b epa lenka na al

le zenP ANAb er icht

le ze nAva ntisign aa l

WASc luster We bs er vices

gat ewa y

W ASclus ter W eb ser vice s

g ate way

JSP JSP

EJB EJB

EJB

Q PE2

Q PE1

Q PE3

Q M

QM

Q M

Q M

Q M

Q M

Q M

MQpoort

clus ter

Q M

Q M

Q M

QueueManager

Heen enter ug

Channels

QueueManagerClus ter

Fys iekequeue

QueueAlias

D irec torymet

bes tandenop

zaakniveau

Bes tandmet

meer der ezaken

naa m..z aa k Computer

pr oces datzaaksgewijs

verwer kt

n aam. .O LTP

Computerpr oces dat

onderdeel isvan onlinever wer king

naa m..bat ch

Computer pr ocesdat

batchver werk inguitvoer t

Naa m: ..

Ser vercapac itei t

Appl icatie gegevenstranspor t database

DB2U. AVIDB0 1

DB2 U.BBADB01

DB2 U.BVRDB0 1

D B2U.MEDDB0 1

D B2U.HL PDB0 1

DB2 U.VOADB0 1

DB2U. OCPD B01

transac tionmonitor

Appl icationserver

messagebroker

workflowmanager

Applicationserver c lus ter

messagebroker clus ter

CICS

CICS

CICS

HL P fab rie k

HL P kan too r

WASWAS

W AS

W AS

Ser verc luster

MB

WA S

HTTP

H TTP ser ver

ser verc lus ter

W ASc lus ter

W AS

CICS

VOA fab riek

Verw er ken b eta lin ge nbe he ren o nd er aan ne mers

Bat ch

Ve rp laa tse nbe sta nde n

Ba tch

To evo ege nBVR ge geg eve ns

Ba tch

Afr on denh eff in gs be sluit

za ak

ver wer ken O ITber ich ten

za ak

Sa men ste llenb es tan de n

Ba tch

Re gistr er enaa ngif tevo rd er in g

za ak

CICS tr ansactiongateway

DCE RPC

CTG

Ja va a gen t

DCE

Po ort fab rie k

Kop pe lin g ma infr ame

In te rn MQ ver kee r

WC T0

KNA

se rvle t

B rowser

Browser

W FM

CICS

VOA kantoor

CICS

BvR Fabriek

CICS

OCPkantoor

CICS

BB A fabriek

CICSOCP

fabriek

?

?

afhandelenaanleidingVOA

zaak

afhandelingafmeldingVOA

zaak

afhandelenaanleidingHLP

zaak

afhandelenafmeldingHLP

zaak

Uitworp

Zaakparametersuitval

Uitworp

Uitval

Uitval

afhandelenaanleidingVOA

zaak

afhandelenafmeldingVOA

zaak

Uitworp

Zaakparametersuitval

Uitworp

Uitval

Uitval

?

?

?

?

?

Berichtenswitch

XIB

F ileTr ans ferG ateway

FBXGa te wa

y

Queuemanager

voorworkflow

Input Material Service-Oriented Business Process Integration

Payroll tax return

Company/Agent

Submittax return

Tax and Customs Administration

UWV

Transfertax return

data Processpayroll tax

return UWV

Processpayroll taxreturn TCA Process

corrections

12

Process Refinement

Process payroll tax returnTCA

Payroll tax return

Correctionrequest

Receive tax return

Collectionsadministration

Levyingsadministration

Confirmation

LevyNotification

rejection

Notificationerror

Notify Processcorrections

Relationsinformation

Submittax return

Tax and Customs Administration

Transfertax return

data

Sendnotification

Processcorrections

Detailed Process with Application Support

Receive tax return

Receive electronic PTR

Medium- independent processing

Nominativedata

FOS

MOS UKV internal

messaging

AVANTi

Temporary storage file

DCS

NotificationFOL

convertreceive and

check

handlediscards

make available

notify receipt

BvR BBA WGA

Receive paper PTRReceive

PTR document

Receive PTR small

Receive PTR large

Receive PTR web

large:0,17 %

Scan document

decodesmall:

98,10%

web:1,72 %

OB 2000

PTR msg.

Paper PTR

Electronic PTR

Legal archive

F = 22 000/month

F = 638 000/month

FOSexternal

FOSinternal

Process – Detailed ApplicationsMedium- independent processing

FOS Internal

AVANTi

PTR processingStructural conversion

Convert Receive and check

Handle discards

Notify receipt

PTR file

Receive message

Receive PTR

UKV internal messaging

Send PTR

Make available

Send nominative

lines

XML-message

conversion & splitting

10%

Collectivepart

Nominativepart

Nominativelines

Collectivelines

Medium independent

PTR

PTR Data

Message Conversion

Message Reception

Applications – Infrastructure

MOS

MTA in P44 inBAPI

unpack MQ

dispatch PTR data

OB2000 Sybase access

Ch. MOS->FOS

APMOSU7- MOS production

SybaseDBMS

BS

App.hosting

Execution environment

QM

APFOSU 4- FOS internal production

QM

FOS internal

Message switch

Discards administration

P44 discards-handling

MQ messaging

Total Infrastructure

DBtoegangCICS

APFOSU4-FOSintern productie,

APFOSU3Unix-cluster: UKV intern

BerichtenserverP-partitie-Mainframe (Exploitatie Particulieren

en Ondernemingen)

Ch. FOS ->Msg. Store

Ch. AVANTi->UKV

MQmessaging

QM

MQmessaging

QMQPE2

QMQPE1QM

XIB

App.hosting

Executie-omgeving

MQmessaging

MB

DB2UAVIDB01

CICSpoort

fabriek

Berichten-switch

MQ Poort cluster

MQmessaging

DBtoegang

MB

Unix Server -Message Store

Messagedatabase

QM

Ch.FOS->Avanti

Mesg.broker

Mesg.broker

APFOSU1-FOS extern productie,

APFOSU2

BS

FBXGateway

MQmessaging

Ch.Avanti->Msg. Store

OpvolgerOB2000

Sybasetoegang

APMOSU7-MOS productie

SybaseDBMS

BS

App.hosting

Executie-omgeving

Berichten-switch

Ch. MOS->FOS

MQmessaging

QM

Ch. DCS->FOS

Document Conversie Systeem

MQmessaging

QM

BS

Berichten-switch

App.hosting

Executie-omgevingCh. FOL

->FOS

FOL -FormulierenOnline (2 of 3)

MQmessaging

QM

BS

Berichten-switch

App.hosting

Web Application

server

UKV intern bericht

Message store

FOSinternMOS AVANTi

FOS ExternDCS

FOL

Uitval-Admin.

Messageadmin. Admin.

Quantitative Analysis Results

MOS

MTA in P44 in BAPI unpack MQ dispatch

Archive

Decode and authorise

Receive msg. Process msg.

F=626 000/mth

APMOSU7-MOS production

MQmessaging

send

App.hosting

APFOSU4-FOS internal production

Messageswitch

R = 0,27 sR = 0,35 s R = 0,35 sR = 0,15 s

R=1.58 s R = 0,14 s

X = 2 613 550/mth X = 626 000/mth

F=626 000/mth

F=626 000/mth

F=626 000/mth

MQmessaging

receive

R = 0,018 s

U=60%

U=37% U=1,8%

n=1n=1n=0.1n=1n=1n=0,075

S = 0,018 sS = 0,09 sS = 1,0 s

R = 0,028 s

R = 0,28 s R = 0,35 s

R = 0,35 s

R = 0,35 s

F=626 000/mth F=626 000/

mth

13

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More Information?

Most ArchiMate results are open to the public and available through the website: www.archimate.com

Henk JonkersTelematica InstituutP.O. Box 5897500 AN EnschedeThe [email protected]