environment and sustainable development dst 100 10/6/2015eulalia enviroment1

Environment and Environment and Sustainable DevelopmentSustainable Development

DST 100

04/19/23 Eulalia Enviroment 1

Definition :Environment Definition :Environment

Conditions within which organisms live, It is the result of interaction between

living and non living parametersNon living chemical and physical

parameters or a bioticLiving parameters or biotic


Environment Environment

All external conditions affecting life, development and organisms survival

Environment can be defined as the external conditions and influences affecting the life and development of an organism.


Concepts used in Environment Concepts used in Environment

Biotic: Living side of the environment

A bioticNon living component of the environment

EcoEnvironment quality


Concepts used in EnvironmentConcepts used in Environment

Ecology Interrelatedness of living organisms with

each other and with their environment

Eco system A community of living organisms that are

interacting with one another and with their physical environment


Concepts used in Environment Concepts used in Environment

Species Group of organisms that can interbreed

successfully to produce fertile off spring

Biodiversity Contraction of the word biological

biodiversity. It means variability among organisms at all levels eg species variations, community variations


Environment ComponentsEnvironment Components

Environmental elements are :Air and its componentsLand and its componentsVegetationAnimals Micro organismsWater


Environment and Environment and Development Development

Q Discuss the relationship between

poverty and environment

Resources from the environment provide livelihoods and play different

Roles in different economic sectors agriculture, mining, tourism industry),


Environment and Dev.(Cont..)Environment and Dev.(Cont..)

Environment provides construction materials, fuel wood, medicine water and food.

The environment is thus linked to development in different ways and in a contradictory way.


Environment and Dev.(Cont..)Environment and Dev.(Cont..)

In the process of development social, economic challenges facing the human beings are taken into account so that capacity of the environment to carry the challenges are taken into consideration.

Q Discuss environmental contradictions

encountered in the process of development


Environmental use contradictionsEnvironmental use contradictions

Environment provides resources for human dev.(land , minerals ,forestswater)

Development converts the environment into further usable forms,

These forms alters and limits further opportunities for future development

Thus two relationships views of SD (positive and negative)

Conclude using the IPAT model (slide16)


IPAT modelIPAT model

IPAT model advocates the joint function of humanity and other organisms in environmental mismanagement and hence its destruction

I=Impact of human and other living organisms on environment

P=Population A= Affluence (consumption per capita) T=Technology


Sustainable Development (SD)Sustainable Development (SD)Concept Concept

Means development that lasts.Development that meets the needs of

present generation without compromising/endangering the ability of the future generation to meet their own needs.


What makes SDWhat makes SD

Social Goals Sustains institutions , improves justice

and encourages participation Economic Goals Ensures basic needs, equity and

employment opportunities Environmental Goals Maintains genetic diversity which

maximizes productiviy and renewal


Sustainable Development (cont…)Sustainable Development (cont…)

Human activity that nourishes and perpetuates the historical fulfilments of the whole community life on earth.

Activity should balance economic, social, and environmental benefits through implementation of development policies, programs, and projects that will enhance one type of benefit without jeopardising benefits of others


Challenges of Sustainable Challenges of Sustainable Development Development

Population in most African countries double within 20-30 years but does not match with progress in production technology.

Degradation of natural resource reduces productivity of the poor who rely on them.

Poor can hardly manage environment.


Challenges of Sustainable Challenges of Sustainable Development (cont..)Development (cont..)

About 2/3 of population in sub-Saharan Africa live in rural areas relying on agriculture hence degrade land.

Potentials for irrigation are limited hence resulting to high risk of drought.

Overgrazing – 20% of land productivity is lost. Deforestation continues such that forests are

receding by 3-4 million hectares /year. Continued loss of natural inhabitants.



Cities provides economic opportunities but impart some challenge on environment e.g. health consequences, waste management, competition for insufficient social services like water supply, education transport system etc.

Effects of migrants include refugees.



Evolution of market economies which are not supported by relevant environmental policies and regulations.

Political transition in an extremely fragmented continent; have suffered breakdown of order due to war/social unrest. It also limits the capacity of each country to deal with its own countries environmental concerns.


Environmental PlanningEnvironmental Planning

Environmental Planning has been defined as the analysis of how people impact natural resources in the process of harnessing nature for their livelihoods.

Decisions made regarding development and conservation, zoning, and land use may have visible and invisible impacts on the environment.

Environmental planning is also a study which guides the society on how to take car and manage its resources and those of the planet as a whole


Environmental Planning ActivitiesEnvironmental Planning Activities

Integrating the public sector as well as private sectors in planning taking into consideration the environmental concerns

Protecting natural resources for future generations,


Environmental Planning Activities Environmental Planning Activities (Cont…)(Cont…)

Identifying problem areas erosion hazards, and threatened sensitive areas

Developing strategies for correcting those problems.

Coordination of public education for new and changing environmental acts, policies and regulations;


Environment DegradationEnvironment Degradation

loss of natural areas Loss of wildlife and other living

organisms , contamination of land, water pollution air pollution Noise pollution


The impact of HA on the The impact of HA on the Environment Environment

Environment al Degradation is caused by

the social economic, institutional and technological human activities

Environmental changes are a result of: Growth, urbanization, intensification of agriculture, increased energy use and transportation


The impact of HA on the The impact of HA on the Environment (cont..)Environment (cont..)

In the process of using land, the earths surface is damaged

through:Poor agricultural practicesGrowth of human populationResettlement activitiesOvergrazing Bush fires Mining and quarrying



Deforestation means clearing of wood vegetation from the land surface .This is another HA whose causes are:

Cutting down trees for fuel wood, construction and medicine



The impact of deforestation includes:Loss of resourcesGlobal loss of terrestrial carbon (greenish

matter)Degradation of cleared land Social economic and political factors

associated



Pollution is another impact of HAPollution is the process of contaminating

the atmosphere( air water or soil) Pollution in TZ. Is more seen in urban areas than the rural



Causes of pollution are :Industrial smoke, burning wastes and

smoke emitted from vehicles (AIR )Water pollution is caused by poor sewage

control mining mercury) and agricultural chemicals run off



Soil pollution is caused by oil spills from industrial activities, plastics

disposals, agro chemicals and industrial wastes


Efforts of Tanzania in SDEfforts of Tanzania in SD

National environmental Act 1983Which was repealed in2004 by National Environmental Management Act And later 2005

National Environmental Policy 1997Cross sectoral policies Rectification of different international

conventions and declaring commitment in environment protection


Efforts of Tanzania in SD (cont…)Efforts of Tanzania in SD (cont…)

Integrating environmental concerns in different functions and structures of the government like: the local government environmental

committees) and in central government (cabinet minister

responsible for environment )


Components of SD Components of SD

Insert a diagram


Components of SD(cont..)Components of SD(cont..)

SD development is composed of social, environment and economic components

Socially the there must be an improved access to

social services, improved awareness on the environment and development concerns and development of sensitive culture



Economically Creation of awareness on how to use

resources for development with caution with out compromising the future generations rights foe the same

(discuss in relation to the role of the environment to economic development)



Environmental Environment and development rltship isSimple and complex at the same time:Development uses environment resources

sand converts them into other usable resources while environment provides the resources to development



As such, the results of these relationships can be positive thus attainment of economic development, o negative thus the problems of environmental degradation ion


End End

All the best in your end of semester exams

Don't forget to attempt a question from this topic


environment and sustainable development dst 100 10/6/2015eulalia enviroment1

Documents

eulalia enviroment concepts

eulalia enviroment definition

environment conditions

environment biotic

physical environment

environment eco system

community of living

organisms survivalenvironment