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Environmental Protection AgencyHazardous Site Control DivisionContract No. 6S-Q1-72S1

CME N D A N G E R M E N T A S S E S S M E N T

f o rF R E N C H L I M I T E D S I T EB a r r e t t / C r o s b y , T e x a s

E P A W O R K A S S I G N M E N T N O ,125-6B01A p r i l 1987

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F R E N C H L I M I T E D S I T EB a r r e t t / C r o s b y , T e x a sE P A WORK A S S I G N M E N T N O .

125-6B01A p r i l 1987

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2 - 1 C h r o n o l o g y o f S a m p l i n g E v e n t s / I n v e s t i g a t i o n2 - 2 R e g i s t e r e d P r o d u c t i o n W e l l s2 - 3 S h a l l o w R e s i d e n t i a l W e l l s a t F r e n c hL i m i t e d S i t e V i c i n i t y3 - 1 I n o r g a n i c s i n W a t e r o f L a g o o n3 - 2 O r g a n i c P r i o r i t y P o l l u t a n t A n a l y s i s , ( m g / L )L a g o o n W a t e r { 1 9 8 3 D a t a )3 - 3 P r i o r i t y P o l l u t a n t A n a l y s i s o f L a g o o n W a t e r3 - 4 S l u d g e P r i o r i t y P o l l u t a n t C o m p o s i t i o n ,G C / M S A n a l y t i c a l D a t a3 - 5 L a g o o n S l u d g e P C B Data3-6 S u m m a r y o f L a g o o n B o r i n g C h e m i c a lA n a l y s e s ( 1 9 8 5 D a t a )3 - 7 G C / M S C o m p o u n d s D e t e c t e d i n T w o o rM o r e L a g o o n B o r i n g S a m p l e s3 - 8 A v e r a g e a n d / o r M a x i m u m C o n c e n t r a t i o n o fG C / M S C o m p o u n d s D e t e c t e d i n T w o o r M o r eS o i l S a m p l e s i n S u r r o u n d i n g A r e a s3 - 9 G r o u n d w a t e r Q u a l i t y , F r e n c h L i m i t e dA l l u v i a l Z o n e D a t a G e n e r a l G r o u n d w a t e rQ u a l i t y - F r e n c h L i m i t e d A l l u v i a l Z o n e3-10 G r o u n d w a t e r Q u a l i t y - A l l u v i a l Z o n e G e n e r a lO r g a n i c a n d I n o r g a n i c D a t a3-11 C h e m i c a l - S p e c i f i c G r o u n d w a t e r D a t a -O r g a n i c s C o n c e n t r a t i o n s o f G C / M SC o m p o u n d s D e t e c t e d in Two or MoreA l l u v i a l Z o n e G r o u n d w a t e r S a m p l e s3-12 Lower S i l t y S a n d Z o n e D a t a - G e n e r a lG r o u n d w a t e r Q u a l i t y D e e p A q u i f e r3-13 Lower S i l t y S a n d Z o n e D a t a - S p e c i f i cO r g a n i c - C o n c e n t r a t i o n s o f G C / M S C o m p o u n d sD e t e c t e d in Two or M o r e G r o u n d w a t e rS a m p l e s3-14 F i s h T i s s u e A n a l y s i s3-15 P h y s i c a l - C h e m i c a l P r o p e r t i e s o f S e l e c t e dO r g a n i c s4 - 1 F r e n c h L i m i t e d S i t e R e q u i r e m e n t s , S t a n d a r d s ,a n d C r i t e r i a C o m p a r i s o n - L a g o o n W a t e r4 - 2 F r e n c h L i m i t e d S i t e R e q u i r e m e n t s , C r i t e r i a ,a n d G u i d e l i n e s - A l l u v i a l G r o u n d w a t e r4 - 3 F r e n c h L i m i t e d S i t e R e q u i r e m e n t s , C r i t e r i a ,a n d G u i d e l i n e s - S i l t y S a n d Z o n e G r o u n d -water5 - 1 O W P E H a z a r d C r i t e r i a f o r S e l e c t e d C h e m i c a l sa t t h e F r e n c h L i m i t e d S i t e5 - 2 T o x i c o l o g i c a l E f f e c t s o f S e l e c t e dC h e m i c a l s a t t h e F r e n c h L i m i t e d S i t e5 - 3 P o t e n t i a l C a r c i n o g e n s D e t e c t e d F r e n c hL i m i t e d S i t e

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B - 7 E x c e s s L i f e t i m e C a n c e r R i s k - S o i l /S e d i m e n t I n g e s t i o n R e s i d e n t i a l E x p o s u r e -F r e n c h L i m i t e d S i t e L a g o o n S l u d g e sB - 8 C o m p a r i s o n o f D a i l y I n t a k e t o A c c e p t a b l eC h r o n i c I n t a k e - S o i l I n g e s t i o n - F r e n c hL i m i t e d S i t e L a g o o n S l u d g e sB - 9 C o m p a r i s o n o f D a i l y I n t a k e t o A c c e p t a b l eC h r o n i c I n t a k e - S o i l I n g e s t i o n A d u l tE x p o s u r e - R e s i d e n t i a l or O c c u p a t i o n a l -F r e n c h L i m i t e d S i t e L a g o o n S l u d g e sB-10 C o m p a r i s o n o f D a i l y I n t a k e t o A c c e p t a b l eC h r o n i c I n t a k e - S o i l I n g e s t i o n A d u l tE x p o s u r e - R e s i d e n t i a l or O c c u p a t i o n a l -F r e n c h L i m i t e d S i t e L a g o o n S l u d g e sB - l l E x c e s s L i f e t i m e C a n c e r Risk - S o i l /S e d i m e n t I n g e s t i o n R e s i d e n t i a l E x p o s u r e •F r e n c h L i m i t e d S i t e Lagoon S u b s o i l sB-12 C o m p a r i s o n o f D a i l y I n t a k e t o A c c e p t a b l eC h r o n i c I n t a k e - S o i l I n g e s t i o n * F r e n c hL i m i t e d S i t e L a g o o n S u b s o i l sB-13 C o m p a r i s o n o f D a i l y I n t a k e t o A c c e p t a b l eC h r o n i c I n t a k e * S o i l I n g e s t i o n A d u l tE x p o s u r e - R e s i d e n t i a l or O c c u p a t i o n a l -F r e n c h L i m i t e d S i t e L a g o o n S u b s o i l sB-14 C o m p a r i s o n o f D a i l y I n t a k e t o A c c e p t a b l eC h r o n i c I n t a k e - S o i l I n g e s t i o n A d u l tE x p e n s e - R e s i d e n t i a l or O c c u p a t i o n a l -F r e n c h L i m i t e d S i t e L a g o o n S u b s o i l sB-15 E x c e s s L i f e t i m e C a n c e r R i s k - S o i l /S e d i m e n t I n g e s t i o n R e s i d e n t i a l E x p o s u r eF r e n c h L i m i t e d S i t e S u r r o u n d i n g S o i l s

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The F r e n c h L i m i t e d s i t e i s l o c a t e d a t t h e i n t e r s e c t i o n o fS t a t e H i g h w a y 9 0 a n d G u l f P u m p Road j u s t o u t s i d e o f C r o s b y ,T e x a s , near H o u s t o n . The 22 ,3-a cr e s i t e conta in s a 7.3-acrel a g o o n t h a t was f o r m e d d u r i n g sand m i n i n g o p e r a t i o n s in the1 9 6 0 ' s . T h e s i t e e v e n t u a l l y became a w a s t e management f a c i l -i t y where t h o u s a n d s o f g a l l o n s o f w a s t e m a t e r i a l f r o m l o c a li n d u s t r i e s was d e p o s i t e d . The s i te was abandoned in 1973.T h i s e n d a n g e r m e n t a s s e s s m e n t a d d r e s s e s t h e p o t e n t i a l humanh e a l t h e f f e c t s a s s o c i a t e d w i t h t h e F r e n c h L i m i t e d s i t e i nthe absence of any r emedia l ac t ion ( t h e no-action a l t e r n a -t i v e ) . The no-ac t i on a l t e r n a t i v e a s sumes that no c o r r e c t i v ea c t i o n s take p l a c e and tha t no r e s t r i c t i o n s are p l a c e d ont h e f u t u r e u s e o f t h e p r o p e r t y * T h i s a s s e s s m e n t i s based ons i t e c o n d i t i o n s a s r e p o r t e d in current r e m e d i a l i n v e s t i g a t i o nr e p o r t s . B e f o r e t a k i n g a c t i o n under S e c t i o n 1 0 6 o f C E R C L Ato abate the h a z a r d s or p o t e n t i a l h a z a r d s at a s i t e , the EPAmust document and j u s t i f y tha t an imminent hazard e x i s t s .T h i s e n d a n g e r m e n t a s s e s s m e n t w i l l serve t h a t p u r p o s e .T h e o v e r a l l o b j e c t i v e s o f t h i s e v a l u a t i o n a r e t o u n d e r s t a n dt h e e x i s t i n g m e d i a c o n t a m i n a t i o n o f t h e F r e n c h L i m i t e d s i t e ,c ompare p o l l u t a n t c o n c e n t r a t i o n s t o e x i s t i n g s t a n d a r d s a n dg u i d e s , c a l c u l a t e the p o t e n t i a l h e a l t h impact on p e o p l e andt h e i r env ironment b y d e l i n e a t i n g t h e p o t e n t i a l noncarc ino-g e n i c a n d c a r c i n o g e n i c h e a l t h e f f e c t s p o s e d b y t h e s p e c i f i cc o n t a m i n a n t s p r e s e n t , d i s c u s s t h e t y p e s o f e x p o s u r e a n d r i skh e a l t h e f f e c t s a t the s i t e and d i s c u s s the no-action a l t e r -n a t i v e .D a t a and d e s c r i p t i o n s o f the nature and e x t e n t o f contamin-ation at the s i t e used in t h i s e n d a n g e r m e n t as se s sment wereo b t a i n e d f r o m t h e f o l l o w i n g r e p o r t s :L o c k w o o d , A n d r e w s & N e w n a m , I n c . R e m e d i a l I n v e s t i g a t i o nRepo 11, F r e_nc h L i m i t e d S i t e, _ _C ro s by f Te x a sT Ap r i 1 19~8 5 •P r e p a r e d f o r T e x a s D e p a r t m e n t o f W a t e r Resource s (r enamedT e x a s W a t e r C o m m i s s i o n ) . [ L A N , 1 9 8 5 ) .Resource E n g i n e e r i n g , I n c . R e m e d i a l _ _ l n v e s t i g a t i o n R e p o r t ,F r e n c h L i m i t e d S i t e , C r o s b y , T e x a s , J u n e 1986 * P r e p a r e d f o rt h e F r e n c h L i m i t e d T a s k G r o u p . [ R E I , 1 9 8 6 a ] ,Resource E n g i n e e r i n g , I n c . , 1986 F i e l d I n v e s t i g a t i o n a n dg u p p l e m e n t a l Remedial I n v e s t i g a t i o n R e p o r t , F r e n c h L i m i t e dg l t e , <^rosby_, .^exas^ December 1986. P r e p a r e d f or th e F r e n c hL i m i t e d T a s k G r o u p ' 7 [ R E I , 1 9 8 6 b ) .

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A p p l i e d H y d r o l o g y A s s o c i a t e s , I n c . 1 9 8 6 _ _ F i e l d I n v e s t i g a t i o nH y d r o l o g y ttegort.,, F r e n c h L i m i t e d S i t e , C r o s b y , T e x a s .December 1986 . P r e p a r e d f o r A r c o C h e m i c a l s C o m p a n y a n d t h eF r e n c h L i m i t e d T a s k G r o u p . [ A H A , 1 9 8 6 ] ,A n a l y t i c a l r e s u l t s used in t h i s a s s e s s m e n t are based on thei n f o r m a t i o n p r o v i d e d i n t h e c i t e d r e p o r t s . T h e q u a l i t y o fth e s a m p l i n g p l a n s or o f the f i n a l d a t a r e s u l t s i s no t eva l-uated in t h i s a s s e s s m e n t . F i n d i n g s on si te c h a r a c t e r i s t i c s( g e o l o g y , h y d r o g e o l o g y , e t c . ) ar e based e n t i r e l y on th ef i n d i n g s o f t h e c i ted r e p o r t s . N o f i e l d work, records earche s or any i n v e s t i g a t i v e work was p e r f o r m e d for t h i sasses sment.T h i s e xpo sure asse s sment was made herein for the i n a d v e r t e n ti n g e s t i o n p a t h w a y a s a r e s u l t o f p o s s i b l e e x p o s u r e t o:

o L a g o o n s l u d g eo L a g o o n watero L a g o o n subsoilo S u r r o u n d i n g s o i l / s e d i m e n t s , i n c l u d i n g th e s l o u g hnorth o f t h e main p i t , t h e s l o u g h nor th o f U . S . 9 0 ,d r a i n a g e north o f U . S . 9 0 , t h e p i t east o f t h el a g o o n , d i t c h e s n e a r / s o u t h o f t h e s i t e , t h e pondsouth o f G u l f Pump R o a d , dra inage toward Ricke t tL a k e , R i c k e t t L a k e i t s e l f , a n d p o n d s / d i t c h e s nearR i v e r d a l eo S o i l s w e s t , s o u t h , and east o f the s i t eo S u r r o u n d i n g s u r f a c e w a t e r , i n c l u d i n g th e east sandp i t , south sand p i t , north s l o u g h , f i s h i n g h o l e ,s ou th p o n d , R i c k e t t L a k e , a n d S a n J a c i n t o River

P o s s i b l e e x p o s u r e t o g r o u n d w a t e r , i n c l u d i n g t h e a l l u v i a lzone and the lower s i l t y sand zone, is a l s o assessed for thei n g e s t i o n p a t h w a y .N o p u b l i c a n d env ironmenta l a s s e s s m e n t s c o u l d b e made f o rair , f o o d , o r e c o t o x i c i t y due t o i n a d e q u a t e d a t a a v a i l a b l efor c o n s i d e r a t i o n . H o w e v e r , some d a t a are a v a i l a b l e on PCBc o n c e n t r a t i o n s i n l o c a l f i s h t i s s u e . T h e s e d a t a were usedin t h i s a s s e s s m e n t .T h i s endangerment assessment uses comparison to a c c e p t a b l echronic d a i l y i n t a k e s and hazard index a l o n g wi th c a l c u l a t i n gexcess l i f e t i m e cancer risk to determine p o t e n t i a l noncarcin-ogenic and carc inogenic b i o e f f e c t s that may re su l t f r o m ex-posure to average and maximum environmental concentrationsr epor t ed in the various media. The t o x i c i t i e s o f s e l e c t e d

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v o l a t i l e o r g a n i c c h e m i c a l s ( V O C ' s ) , s y n t h e t i c o r g a n i c chemi-c a l s ( S Q C ' s ) , a n d p o l y e h l o r i n a t e d b i p h e n y l s ( P C B ' s ) wered e l i n e a t e d t o c h a r a c t e r i z e t h e t y p e s o f b i o e f f e c t s p o s s i b l eby the p r e s e n c e of and p o t e n t i a l e x p o s u r e to s e l e c t e dp o l l u t a n t s a n d t h e s t r e n g t h o f t h e e v id enc e s u p p o r t i n g t h et o x i c o l o g i c a l d a t a base.F o l l o w i n g t h i s I n t r o d u c t i o n , t h e s i t e b a c k g r o u n d i s sum-m a r i z e d in C h a p t e r 2* C h a p t e r 3 c o n t a i n s an e v a l u a t i o n ofd a t a l i m i t a t i o n s . A c o m p a r i s o n o f t h e c o n c e n t r a t i o n s o fc h e m i c a l s f o u n d a t t h e s i t e t o e x i s t i n g s t a n d a r d s and g u i d e -l i n e s is c o n t a i n e d in C h a p t e r 4. C h a p t e r 5 p r e s e n t s thes i t e e x p o s u r e and r i s k a s s e s s m e n t f or human h e a l t h and th ee n v i r o n m e n t .

D F W 6 A / 0 2 9 CMCM

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S e c t i o n 2B A C K G R O U N D

S I T E _ P E S C R I P T I Q NT h e F r e n c h L i m i t e d s i t e i s l o c a t e d i n H a r r i s C o u n t y east o fH o u s t o n , T e x a s . T h e s i t e i s a p p r o x i m a t e l y 2 m i l e s s ou thwe s to f C r o s b y and a p p r o x i m a t e l y o n e - h a l f m i l e nor thwe s t o fB a r r e t t a t t h e i n t e r s e c t i o n o f H i g h w a y 90 and G u l f Pun.p Road( F i g u r e 2 * 1 ) . T h e 22.3-acre F r e n c h L i m i t e d s i t e i n c l u d e s a7.3-acre l a g o o n . The s i t e was o p e r a t e d at one t ime as awas t e m a n a g e m e n t f a c i l i t y b e f o r e b e ing a b a n d o n e d i n 1973 .N e a r b y l a n d m a r k s i n c l u d e t h e R i v e r d a l e S u b d i v i s i o n , t h eS i k e s N a t i o n a l P r i o r i t y L i s t ( N P L ) s i t e , a c l o s e d m u n i c i p a ll a n d f i l l a n d a drum s t o r a g e area c a l l e d t h e " H o r s e p e n " ( F i g -ure 2 - 2 ) .

S I T E H I S T O R YT h e F r e n c h L i m i t e d s i t e w a s f o r m e d b y a sand m i n i n g o p e r a -t ion i n t h e l a t e 1950 s u n t i l 1 9 6 5 , I n 1966 F r e n c h L i m i t e do f H o u s t o n , I n c . , wa s f o r m e d t o o p e r a t e th e s i t e a s a was t em a n a g e m e n t f a c i l i t y . I n 1973 t h e s i t e w a s a b a n d o n e d b yF r e n c h L i m i t e d o f H o u s t o n , I n c . , and the s i t e was d e ed ed t ot h e S t a t e o f T e x a s d u r i n g a s e t t l e m e n t o f a n e n v i r o n m e n t a ll a w s u i t . T h e s i t e w a s t h en p l a c e d o n t h e N a t i o n a l P r i o r -i t i e s L i s t ( N P L ) . F i e l d a n d l a b o r a t o r y i n v e s t i g a t i o n s havebeen s p o n s o r e d by th e S t a t e o f T e x a s and a g r o u p o f p o t e n t -i a l l y r e s p o n s i b l e p a r t i e s o r g a n i z e d i n t o t h e F r e n c h L i m i t e dT a s k G r o u p . T h e c h r o n o l o g y o f s a m p l i n g events i s p r e s en t edi n T a b l e 2-1. I n a c c o r d a n c e w i t h a d m i n i s t r a t i v e orderN o . C E R C L A - V I - 3 - 8 5 , a l l d a t a f r o m p r e v i o u s p r o g r a m s werec o l l e c t e d , r e d u c e d , and eva lua t ed by Resource E n g i n e e r i n g ,I n c . o f H o u s t o n f o r t h e F r e n c h L i m i t e d ^ask G r o u p ( R E I ,

T h e s t a t e d f i n d i n g s o f t h e r epor t a r e quoted a s f o l l o w s :" 1 . F r e n c h L i m i t e d W a s t e M a t e r i a l D i s t r i b u t i o n

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T h e waste lagoon c u r r e n t l y conta insa p p r o x i m a t e l y 2 1 m i l l i o n g a l l o n s o fr e l a t i v e l y u n c o n t a m i n a t e d s u r f a c e wa t e rand an a d d i t i o n a l 2 m i l l i o n g a l l o n s ofs t r a t i f i e d , h i g h s u s p e n d e d s o l i d s waterin contac t wi th l a g o o n s l u d g e s .T h e l a g o o n c on ta in s a p p r o x i m a t e l y70,000 cubic yard s o f s l u d g e s e x h i b i t i n gvarying chemical and p h y s i c a lp r o p e r t i e s .

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, J U L I A N M O S S , J R .

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T a b l e 2-1C H R O N O L O G Y O F S A M P L I N G E V E N T S / I N V E S T I G A T I O N

D a t eS e p t e m b e r 1979A u g u s t 1981S e p t e m b e r 1961

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A g e n c y / F i r m _E P A ( H o u s t o n )E P A { R e g i o n V I )T e x a s D e p a r t m e n t o fW a t e r Resources( T D W R J ( D i s t r i c t 7 )

R o l l i n s E n v i r o n m e n t a lL o c k w o o d , A n d r e w s andN e w n a m ( L A N )L o c k w o o d , A n d r e w s andN e w n a m ( L A K )Resource Engineer*..^,I n c . (REDResource E n g i n e e r i n g ,I n c . ( R E I )Resource E n g i n e e r i n gI n c . ( R E D £ A p p l i e dH y d r o l o g y A s s o c i a t e s , I r - c .( A K A )

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o T h e s l u d g e s , i n t h e i r p r e s e n t f o r m , d onot e x h i b i t Resource s C o n s e r v a t i o n andRecovery A c t ( R C R A ) c h a r a c t e r i s t i c s a sd e f i n e d i n S u b p a r t C o f 4 0 C F R 261. T h es l u d g e do e s c o n t a i n h a z a r d o u s s u b s t a n c e sas d e f i n e d in the C o m p r e h e n s i v e Environ-m e n t a l R e s p o n s e , C o m p e n s a t i o n , a n d L i a -b i l i t y A c t ( C E R C L A ) .o S a m p l e s t a k e n near t h e s u r f a c e o f t h es l u d g e l a y e r e x h i b i t P C B c o n c e n t r a t i o n sf r o m be low the d e t e c t i o n l i m i t up to amaximum of 370 n i g / k g on a dry weightba s i s .o S l u d g e c o n s t i t u e n t s have m i g r a t e d in top e r m e a b l e s t r a t a u n d e r l y i n g a n d surround-i n g t h e l a g o o n . T h e e s t i m a t e d q u a n t i t yo f t h e s e c o n t a m i n a t e d s o i l s var i e s f r o ma p p r o x i m a t e l y 4 0 0 , 0 0 0 cubic y a r d s t o6 7 5 , 0 0 0 cubic y a r d s . N o P C B h a s beend e t e c t e d in t h e s e s o i l s .o S e d i m e n t s and some s u r f a c e s o i l s w i th int h e s i t e a d j a c e n t t o th e l a g o o n c o n t a i nl e v e l s o f P C B above b a c k g r o u n d . T h e" f i s h i n g ho l e" j u s t n o r t h o f t h e s i t ea l s o c o n t a i n s s e d i m e n t s e x h i b i t i n g P C Bc o n c e n t r a t i o n s up to 18 p p m . The amounto f P C B - c o n t a m i n a t e d so i l and s e d i m e n t sf r o m t h e s e l o c a t i o n s i s a p p r o x i m a t e l y8 , 5 0 0 cubic y^rds .

2 . A r e a C o n t a m i n a n t C o n t r i b u t o r s Other T h a n F r e n c hL i m i t e do A c l o s e d m u n i c i p a l l a n d f i l l l o c a t e d down-g r a d i e n t o f t h e F r e n c h L i m i t e d l a g o o n i ec o n t r i b u t i n g c o n t a m i n a n t s t o t h e a l l u v i a lchannel 2one f r o m d i s s o l v e d c o n s t i t u e n t sin i t s l e a c h a t e .o O t h e r was t e management p r a c t i c e s in thearea ( n o t a s s o c i a t e d w i t h t h e F r e n c hL i m i t e d s i t e ) may a l s o have an impac tupon g r o u n d w a t e r q u a l i t y w i t h i n t h e a l l u -vium.

3 . O f f s i t e I m p a c t so N o o f f s i t e c o n t a m i n a t i o n o f s u r f a c e s o i l sor s e d i m e n t s was observed above one ppmP C B , exc ep t w i t h i n t h e f i s h i n g ho l e .

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o O f f s i t e s u r f a c e water q u a l i t y ( s l o u g h s ,p i t s , a n d t h e S a n J a c i n t o R i v e r ) meetst h e c r i t e r i a f o r d e s i g n a t e d uses o f t h eS a n J a c i n t o River a t t h i s l o c a t i o n .o The p r e s e n t ambient a i r q u a l i t y i m p a c tof the s i t e i s n e g l i g i b l e due to thewater l a y e r c ov er ing th e s l u d g e s , bu tair emis s ions could be s i g n i f i c a n t d u r i n gs i t e r e m e d i a t i o n a c t i v i t i e s .o A l t h o u g h some c o n t a m i n a t i o n o f t h e f o o dchain has been ob s e rv ed , c on taminantl e v e l s a r e w e l l b e low P D A s t a n d a r d s f o rhuman c o n s u m p t i o n .o The s i t e i s l o c a t e d w i t h i n the 100-yearf l o o d p l a i n . "

T h e a d m i n i s t r a t i v e order required t h e F r e n c h L i m i t e d T a s kG r o u p t o summarize t h e f i n d i n g s o f t h e p r e v i o u s i n v e s t i g a -t i o n s i n a n R I r e p o r t ( R E I , 1 9 8 6 a ) . F o r t h i s reason, tha tr epor t w i l l serve a s the ba s i s f or the i n f o r m a t i o n in t h i se v a l u a t i o n . T h e a d m i n i s t r a t i v e order a l s o a l l o w e d E P A t or e j e c t al l or part of the r epor t . EPA r e j e c t e d the g e o l o g i cand h y d r o g e o l o g i c d e s c r i p t i o n s in the J u n e 1986 r epor t a sw e l l as a s s e r t i o n s in the report concerning the a p p l i c a b i l i t yof RCRA r e g u l a t i o n s to the s i t e . Q u e s t i o n s ra i s ed by EPAa n d t h e T e x a s W a t e r C o m m i s s i o n ( T W O ) r e s u l t e d i n a d d i t i o n a lf i e l d work b y t h s F r e n c h L t d . T a s k G r o u p d e s i g n e d t o g a i n ab e t t e r u n d e r s t a n d i n g o f t h e s i t e g e o l o g y a n d h y d r o g e o l o g y .At the same time work was a l s o done to c h a r a c t e r i z e the PCBc o n t e n t in the l a g o o n s l u d g e s and PNA con t en t in the l a g o o ns u b s o i l s . T w o r e p o r t s r e s u l t e d f r o m that i n v e s t i g a t i o n ( R E I ,1 9 8 6 b a n d A H A ; 1 9 8 6 ) . A d d i t i o n a l P C B c h a r a c t e r i z a t i o n a n dthe g e o l o g i c and h y d r o g e o l o g i c s i te d e s c r i p t i o n s used int h i s e v a l u a t i o n w i l l b e t a k e n f r o m t h e t w o r e p o r t s . T h eR e m e d i a l I n v e s t i g a t i o n r epor t w r i t t e n b y L o c k w o o d , A n d r e w sa n d N e w n a r n f o r t h e S t a t e o f T e x a s , ( L A N , 1 9 8 5 ) w i l l a s o b er e f e r e n c e d . S i n c e the 1986 Rl r e p o r t was a c o m p i l a t i o n o fprevious i n v e s t i g a t i o n s , i n c l u d i n g the 1985 RI r epor t , manyof the t a b l e s and f i g u r e s used in t h i s a s s e s s m e n t can bef o u n d in one or more of the c i ted r e p o r t s . T h i s EndangermentA s s e s s m e n t w i l l make a n i n d e p e n d e n t a n a l y s i s o f t h e p o t e n t i a li m p a c t o f t h e F r e n c h L i m i t e d s i te on p u b l i c h e a l t h .

S i n c e t h e F r e n c h L i m i t e d s i t e i s no t t h e on ly p o t e n t i a lsource of media c on taminat i on , it is important to i d e n t i f ynearby s i t e s tha t may a l s o be c o n t a m i n a t i n g the s u r f a c e andgroundwater , as wel l as other par t s of the ecosystem. Dur-ing th e p e r i o d f r o m th e l a t e 1950s u n t i l t h e p r e s e n t , several

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a d d i t i o n a l w a s t e m a n a g e m e n t o p e r a t i o n s have been c o n d u c t e din the F r e n c h L i m i t e d s i t e area.S I K E ST h e S i k e s s i t e c o n s i s t s o f d i s p o s a l p i t s tha t a r e l o ca t edo n e - h a l f mi l e nor thwes t o f t h e F r e n c h L i m i t e d site. TheS i k e s s i t e received i n d u s t r i a l wastes d u r i n g the ear ly 1960sand is now on the NPL for act ion. It is p o s s i b l e that theS i k e s s i t e i s a l s o c o n t r i b u t i n g t o th e s u r r o u n d i n g contamin-at ion.

L A N D F I L LT h e H a r r i s C o u n t y m u n i c i p a l l a n d f i l l i s l o c a t e d a p p r o x i m a t e l yone- e igh th m i l e s ou thwe s t o f th e F r e n c h L i m i t e d s i t e . Con-s t r u c t i o n and d e m o l i t i o n d e b r i s , as we l l as other m a t e r i a l ,were d u m p e d there at the same time the F r e n c h L i m i t e d s i t ew a s o p e r a t i o n a l . I t i s p o s s i b l e tha t t h e H a r r i s C o u n t y muni-c ipa l l a n d f i l l i s a l s o c o n t r i b u t i n g to the surround ing sur-f a c e c o n t a m i n a t i o n and g r c u n d w a t e r c o n t a m i n a t i o n tha t i sp r e s e n t l y i m p a c t e d b y t h e F r e n c h L i m i t e d s i t e . T h e l a n d f i l lis now c l o s e d *H O R S E P E NEPA is c u r r e n t l y i n v e s t i g a t i n g an area known as the H o r s e p e n ,which i s l o c a t e d be tween the R i v e r d a l e S u b d i v i s i o n and theO l d H a r r i s C o u n t y m u n i c i p a l l a n d f i l l . Open drums c o n t a i n i n gv o l a t i l e w a s t e s have been f o u n d with c o n t a m i n a n t s d e t e c t e dd u r i n g air m o n i t o r i n g near the drums. P o l l u t i o n in t h i sarea could i n f l u e n c e not on ly s u r f a c e contaminat ion thatr e s u l t e d f r o m t h e F r e n c h L i m i t e d s i t e , b u t a l s o could i n f l u -ence groundwat er c on tamina t i on in the v i c i n i t y of the F r e n c hL i m i t e d s i t e .M I S C E L L A _ N E _ O U S _ P U M P I N GP r i v a t e p a r t i e s have r a n d o m l y dumped hou s eho ld tra sh andother p o l l u t a n t s in the surrounding area. T h i s a c t i v i t ycould r e s u l t in some a d d i t i o n a l s u r f a c e and groundwat er con-t a m i n a t i o n .

G E O L O G YR E G I O N A L G E O L O G YThe F r e n c h Limi t ed s i t e i s in the C o a s t a l P l a i n Region, whichcons i s t s of s ed imentary m a t e r i a l s d e p o s i t e d by f o r m e r l y andp r e s e n t l y active geo log i c processes in d e l t a i c , a l l u v i a l ,e o l i an dune , by-©stuarine, and barrier- i s land-shore l ine sys-tems. The S o u t h e a s t T e x a s por t i on of the Coas ta l Pla in i su n d e r l a i n by a th ick mass of s ed iment s (in excess of

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30,000 f e e t ) tha t a r e n o w s l i g h t l y i n c l i n e d downward towardt h e G u l f ; u p p e r s e c t i o n s have been c o n s i d e r a b l y e r o d e d .S u c c e s s i v e l y o l d e r g e o l o g i c f o r m a t i o n s o u t c r o p p r o g r e s s i v e l yf a r t h e r i n l a n d f r o m t h e c o a s t l i n e ,T h e d e p o s i t s o f t h e S o u t h e a s t T e x a s C o a s t a l P l a i n b e l o n gc h i e f l y t o t h e T e r t i a r y Period ( 7 0 m i l l i o n t o 3 m i l l i o n year so l d ) , t o t h e P l e i s t o c e n e (3 m i l l i o n t o 0 .2 m i l l i o n yearso l d ) and to the H o l o c e n e ( 0 . 2 m i l l i o n years o ld to pre s ente p o c h s ) . H o i o c e n e d e p o s i t s in the s i t e area c on s i s t s ofriver a l l u v i u m . The H o i o c e n e d e p o s i t s are u n d e r l a i n by thed i f f e r e n t i a t e d f o r m a t i o n s (Beaumont , M o n t g o m e r y , B e n t l e y a n dW i l l i s ) o f t h e P l e i s t o c e n e epo ch , which f o r m s a very smooth,g e n t l y seaward t i l t e d p l a i n . T h e near s u r f a c e f o r m a t i o n i st h e Beaumont c o n s i s t i n g o f c l a y s w i t h i n t e r b e d d e d s i l t s a n ds a n d s which have been d e p o s i t e d by river d e l t a s and f l o o d -p l a i n s . S u b s e q u e n t t o t h e i r d e p o s i t i o n , t h e s o i l s wered e s i c c a t e d when the sea l e v e l s were much l ower than they arenow. C o n s e q u e n t l y , t h e s o i l s a r e o v e r c o n s o l l d a t e d , g e n e r a l l yhave h i g h s t r e n g t h s and t y p i c a l l y have a b l o cky s econdarys t ruc tur e wi th some s l i c k e n s i d e s .The H o u s t o n area is l o c a t e d in a S e i s m i c Zone 0 ac cord ing tot h e U n i f o r m B u i l d i n g C o d e ( L A N , 1 9 8 5 ) . T h e pr imary g e o l o g i ch a z a r d s in the area are s ub s i d enc e caused by d e e p g r o u n d w a t e rw i t h d r a w a l a n d r e l a t e d ground f a u l t i n g . G r o u n d f a u l t s i nthe H o u s t o n area are g e n e r a l l y i n c l i n e d 60 to 7S d e g r e e sf r o m t h e h o r i z o n t a l , e x t e n d downward f o r t h o u s a n d s o f f e e t ,and are r o u g h l y p a r a l l e l to the coas t . Based upon a reviewo f a v a i l a b l e d a t a s ource s , no known f a u l t s p a s s t h r o u g h ornear the s i t e area.M a x i m u m sub s idence in the H o u s t o n area has exceeded 8 f e e tover the l a s t 75 years. Based on e l eva t i on correct ions ofU S G S Bench M a r k D 6 9 0 , a p p r o x i m a t e l y 4,000 f e e t west o f t h es i t e , the s i t e sub s ided 0.93 f e e t between 1963 and 1973 and0.32 f e e t be tween 1 9 7 3 a n d 1978 ( L A N , 1 9 8 5 ) .

G E O L O G YT h e F r e n c h L i m i t e d s i t e i s i n t h e S a n J a c i n t o a l l u v i a l va l-l ey on the east s i d e o f the river. R e m n a n t s o f E a r l y H o i o -cene a l l u v i a l d e p o s i t s ( D e w e y v i l l e F o r m a t i o n ) exist a t t h es u r f a c e and beneath the s i te area. M o s t o f the s u r f i c i a ld e p o s i t s in the s i t e , however, are l a t e r H o i o c e n e ( R e c e n t }a l l u v i u m . The a l l u v i u m has been d e p o s i t e d in a channelincised in the P l e i s t o c e n e Beaumont F o r m a t i o n ,As the river meander g r a d u a l l y moves across the v a l l e y , i terodes o l d e r d e p o s i t s on the o u t s i d e of the bend and depo-s i t s p r e d o m i n a n t l y sandy mat er ia l on the i n s i d e o f the bend{ p o i n t bar d e p o s i t s ) * E v e n t u a l l y , the meander d o u b l e s backon i t s e l f and the river takes a direct p a t h , c u t t i n g of f the

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meander which then becomes an oxbow l a k e . D u r i n g f l o o d i n g ,t h e l ake f i l l s with f i n e r mat er ia l ( s i l t a n d c l a y ) . A s t h eriver continues to meander back and f o r t h across the v a l l e y ,the o l d e r d e p o s i t s are p e r i o d i c a l l y cut into and new a l l u -vium i s d e p o s i t e d a d j a c e n t t o t h e o l d * T h i s p r o c e s s h a sr e s u l t e d in the a l l u v i a l d e p o s i t s encountered a t th e F r e n c hL i m i t e d s i t e . A c c o r d i n g l y , by the nature o f the ir d e p o s i -t i o n , the grain size of the d e p o s i t s varies l a t e r a l l y andv e r t i c a l l y across t h e s i t e .T h e river meander eroded t h e Beaumont F o r m a t i o n t o d e p t h s o f20 to 55 f e e t in the s i t e area. The a l l u v i a l d e p o s i t s int h i s u p p e r s tratum are p r e d o m i n a n t l y g a n d s ; however, s i l tand c l a y l a y e r s are a l s o p r e s e n t .T h e H o l o c e n e a l l u v i a l d e p o s i t s a r e u n d e r l a i n b y t h e BeaumontF o r m a t i o n which cons i s t s p r e d o m i n a n t l y o f c l a y wi th gomed i s c o n t i n u o u s s i l t and sand l ens e s g e n e r a l l y l e s s than a fewf e e t t h i c k . A t a d e p t h o f a p p r o x i m a t e l y 1 2 5 f e e t ( E l e v a t i o n-110 f e e t ) , a sand s t r a t u m i s p r e s e n t t ha t e x t e n d s to themaximum d e p t h e x p l o r e d d u r i n g t h i s i n v e s t i g a t i o n ( 1 5 5 f e e t ) .The l i m i t s o f th e river meander extend a p p r o x i m a t e l y 800 f e e teast of the main pit beyond which the Beaumont F o r m a t i o n isp r e s e n t at the ground s u r f a c e .

H Y D R p G E O L O G YThe d e s c r i p t i o n p r o v i d e d in th i s s ec t ion on the regionalh y d r o g e o l o g y i s based m a i n l y o n t h e L A N , 1985 r e p o r t . T h ed e s c r i p t i o n on th e l o c a l h y d r o g e o l o g y i s d e r iv ed f r o m a l lf o u r r e p o r t s p r e v i o u s l y c i t e d .R E G I O N A L H Y D R Q G E Q L p G YG r o u n d w a t e r a q u i f e r s i n t h e C o a s t a l P l a i n Region occur underboth c o n f i n e d a n d u n c o n f i n e d c o n d i t i o n s * S h a l l o w a q u i f e r sand a l l u v i a l v a l l e y s are sources of groundwater for r u r a l ,d o m e s t i c , a n d l i v e s t o c k wa t e r ing p u r p o s e s ( L A N , 1 9 8 5 ) . W e l l sin t h e s e s h a l l o w a q u i f e r s ar e g e n e r a l l y l e s s t h a n 50 f e e td e e p a n d t y p i c a l l y y i e l d a f e w g a l l o n s p e r minut e . A l t h o u g hmost o f the s e s m a l l a l l u v i a l a q u i f e r s are u n c o n f i n e d , near-s u r f a c e m a t e r i a l s e x h i b i t i n g low p e r m e a b i l i t y may createl o c a l i z e d c o n f i n e d c ond i t i on s . Recharge o f th e u n c o n f i n e da q u i f e r s i s m a i n l y f r o m l o ca l i n f i l t r a t i o n o f r a i n f a l l run-o f f a n d p o n d e d water.Deep c o n f i n e d a q u i f e r s ( C h i c o t and E v a n g e l i n e ) are thesources of large-vo lume m u n i c i p a l and indu s t r ia l groundwaters u p p l i e s in the area ( F i g u r e 2 - 3 ) . The Chico t and Evange-l i n e are the m a j o r a q u i f e r s in the area and consist of in-t e rb edded sand s , s i l t s , and c lays . The Chicot a q u i f e r sys-tem inc lude s the uppermos t c o n f i n e d a q u i f e r s in the area andg e n e r a l l y r e f e r s t o a l l Quaternary d e p o s i t s , i n c l u d i n g t h e

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u n c o n f i n e d a l l u v i a l a q u i f e r s , t h e c o n f i n i n g Beaumont F o r m a -t i o n , a n d t h e u n d e r l y i n g l a s s i e F o r m a t i o n . T h e t h i c k n e s s o ft h e a q u i f e r in cr ea s e s toward th e G u l f f r o m zero a t t h e west-ern edge (80 m i l e s f r o m th e G u l f ) t o over 1,200 f e e t a t t h eG u l f . T h e a p p r o x i m a t e e l e v a t i o n o f water l e v e l s i n w e l l sc o m p l e t e d in the C h i c o t a q u i f e r in the s p r i n g of 1980 i sp r e s e n t e d i n F i g u r e 2-4. T h e t r a n s m i s s i v i t y o f t h e C h i c o ta q u i f e r ranges f r o m zero t o about 20,000 f t 2 / d a y , w i t h s tor-a g e c o e f f i c i e n t s r a n g i n g f r o m 0.0004 i n t h e c o n f i n e d area o fthe a q u i f e r to 0.20 in the nor thern u n c o n f i n e d area( L A N , 1 9 8 5 ) .T h e E v a n g e l i n e a q u i f e r , c o m p r i s e d o f P l e i s t o c e n e d e p o s i t s ,i m m e d i a t e l y u n d e r l i e s t h e C h i c o t . I t i s t h e m a j o r source o ff r e s h g r o u n d w a t e r i n t h e H o u s t o n M e t r o p o l i t a n area. A l t h o u g hit has a lower h y d r a u l i c c o n d u c t i v i t y than the C h i c o t , themaximum t h i c k n e s s of the a q u i f e r i s greater (up to about2,000 f e e t near t h e G u l f o f M e x i c o ) . T h e a p p r o x i m a t e eleva-tion of water l e v e l s in w e l l s c o m p l e t e d in the E v a n g e l i n ea q u i f e r in the s p r i n g of 1980 is p r e s e n t e d in F i g u r e 2*5,T h e t r a n s m i s s i v i t y o f t h e E v a n g e l i n e a q u i f e r ranges f r o mS , 0 0 0 f t j / d a y a t t h e north edge o f t h e p l a i n t o 15,000 f t 2 /day a t th e G u l f . S t o r a g e c o e f f i c i e n t s range f r o m 0.0005 inthe southern c o n f i n e d area to 0,20 in the northern uncon-area ( L A N , 1 9 8 5 ) .Recorded groundwat er w i t h d r a w a l in the region d a t e s back toabout 1890. During the pa s t c e n t u r y , p u m p i n g of the largeq u a n t i t i e s of water has caused a s i g n i f i c a n t d e c l i n e inh y d r o s t a t i c l eve l of up to 400 and 500 f e e t in the lowerChico t and E v a n g e l i n e a q u i f e r s , r e s p e c t i v e l y . Recharge o ft h e c o n f i n e d a q u i f e r s r e s u l t s p r i m a r i l y f r o m d i r e c t i n f i l -t r a t i o n i n t h e a q u i f e r o u t c r o p areas ( L A N , 1 9 8 5 ) .T h e H a r r i s - G a l v e s t o n C o a s t a l S u b s i d e n c e D i s t r i c t i d e n t i f i e s40 water p r o d u c t i o n w e l l s w i t h i n a p p r o x i m a t e l y 3 m i l e s o ft h e F r e n c h L i m i t e d s i t e . T h e s e w e l l s a r e shown i n F i g u r e 2-6,a n d a v a i l a b l e c o n s t r u c t i o n d e t a i l s a r e p r e s e n t e d i n T a b l e 2*2.I t i s a p p a r e n t that e i g h t w e l l s a r e l o c a t e d w i t h i n o n e m i l eof the s i t e and t h a t 18 w e l l s are w i t h i n 2 m i l e s of the s i t e .T h e w e l l c l o s e s t t o t h e s i t e ( N o . 2 9 2 0 ) i s a p p r o x i m a t e l y3 ,000 f e e t t o the s o u t h e a s t , w i t h the f i r s t screen in theC h i c o t a q u i f e r 2 0 0 f e e t b e l ow t h e s u r f a c e ( L A N , 1 9 8 5 ) .F i e l d i n v e s t i g a t i o n s i d e n t i f i e d an a d d i t i o n a l 30 w e l l s imme-d i a t e l y southwes t of the F r e n c h L i m i t e d s i te that were notrecorded by the H a r r i s - G a l v e s t o n C o a s t a l S u b s i d e n c e Di s t r i c t( t h e D i s t r i c t c a t a l o g s only those w e l l s with a casing diame-ter in excess of 4 inche s). Data r egard ing these w e l l s ,which are p r i m a r i l y s h a l l ow (24 to 220 f e e t ) , s m a l l - d i a m e t e r(2- to 4-inch-diameter c a s i n g ) domes t i c water s u p p l y w e l l s ,are pre s ented in T a b l e 2-3. F i g u r e 2-7 shows the locationof these w e l l s in relat ion to the F r e n c h Limi t ed s i te. Of

inOo

2-11

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S o u r c e :R e m e d i a l I n v e s t i g a t i o n R e p o r tL o c k w o o d , And rews & N e w n am, IncA p r i l 1985W 6 6 9 O 2 . A O

F i g u r e 2-4A P P R O X S M A T E E L E V A T I O N O F W A T E R L E V E L SI N W E L L S C O M P L E T E D I N T H E C H I C O T A Q U I F E R ,SPRING OF 1980F R E N C H

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I f c t t

S o u r c e :R e m e d i a l I n v e s t i g a t i o n R e p o r tL o c k w o o d r A n d r e w s & N e w n a m , I n c .A p r i l 1985

F i g u r e 2-5A P P R O X I M A T E E L E V A T S O M O F W A T E R L E V E L SI N W E L L S C O M P L E T E D I N T H E E V A N G E L I N E A Q U I F E R .

. S P R I N G O F 1980F R E N C H U M l T g F S 3 5 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

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F R E N C HL I M I T E D S I T E

S o u r c e sf r ^ f i ^"Wtion K o p o r t F i g u r e 2-6

A D D U C T I O N W E L L L O C A T I O N M A PP R E N C H L I M I T E D S I T E

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H e l l

I*-*

369430323031303030333029308230701148im23*3234511*51147306911502344i i s i29201149228130032252356S358922071792225122*92 2 S O328?18031SQ1180518001804353918023232

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O w n e r ' sPartcer Brothers t Co.» lac.tfcOerBott Barnbart RanchMcOetvott Barobart RanchKcDenott Barnfiart RanchJ f c D e r w c t t Barnhart RanchdcDernctt Barnhart RanchVomasnd Enterpr i s e s , Inc.J o d g e instate, H L n oSt. Reg-is Corp . -Newspr in tSt. Re$ts Corp.-NewsprintHarri s County M . U . & . 50H a r r i s County t f . O . P . 50S t . Re?ls C o r p . - N e w s p r i n tS t . R c g t s C o r p . - N e w s p r i n tKarris County H . U . 0 . 50S t . R e g I s C o r p . - N e w s p r i n tHarris Comty K.O.P. SOSt. R e g l s Paper Co. -SoutlUaodHarri s Coonty n.Q.D. 50S t . Regls C o r p . - N e w s p r i n tS t . C l a l r , George H .Exxon Conpany, C J . S . A .Crosby H . U . D .Crosby M . U . D .K u r C f , B i l lCrosby I . S . O .Harris Coontif t f . B . D . 19Crosby W . U . D .Crosby «.(J.D.Crosby M . D . D .Crosby M.O.D.N.0.0.Corpora t i on 1

Diawondhead CorporationDtamondhead Corporat ionPurcell C3*p*ny, loc.Dlaaond&ead Corporat ionHouston L i g h t i n g 6 Power Co.EHaaondhead C o r p o r a t i o nBsrrls County M.CI.D. 19

S t a t eH e l lH u a f r e r65-16-1 065-16-2 0S S - 1 6 - 2 065-16-3 065-16-2 0>65-16-2 065-16-3 065-16-2 065-16-1 065-16-1 065-16-2 065-16-2 085-16-1 Q65-16-1 065-16-2 065-16-1 065-16-2 065- 9-7 565- 9-8 065- 8-7 065- 8-7 Qss- e-a o65- 8-8 065- 8-8 Q65- 8-9 065- 8-8 065- 8-81565- 8-9 065- 8-8 065- 8-8 065- 8-8 065- 8-a 065- 8-7 065- 8-8 065- »-» 065- 8-7 065- 8-5 065- 8-4 065- 6-5 0'65- 8-5 0

L a t i t u d e_{*_,_ P l n l2951 1395111295 1142951472951*72931512952 02952 S39421329521629531629531629523029*2362953262952282952292 9 S 2 J 72952382953 32953 929S3162953193953192953363951503954 3395*12295*34395434295*142954 3 S2954443954 S S3 9 5 4 5 S2954582955 32955 82955333 9 5 5 3 2

L o n q t t u c( * - B t n l95 55995 141>5 33595 32695 13095 3489S 41695 3 395 54495 6 595 34095 14095 7189 5 & ; ;95 13695 65195 34895 63995 14195 65395 63695 3J995 15995 35995 22695 35»95 *W95 4 095 33595 11595 33595 4 095 61395 41395 43695 54295 *1595 63095 44895 448

T a b I * 2-2BSD PRODUCTION WEUS

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E l e v a t i o n( f e e t o s l )1055S S55S S5$45300364547474644*»4947474749J S504746354935454646*64S454846SO49S*4547

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S i T > 000,000S2T,000,00045.970,000527.000,000527,000,000527,000,000

45,970,000927,000,000

35.761,80025,763,900•,400.000

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Soarees: IA» RE report , A p r i l 1985.SE 86, T a f r l e 2-2.

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T a b l e 2-3S H A L L O W R E S I D E N T I A L W E L L S A T F R E N C H L I M I T E D S I T E V I C I N I T Y *

R e s i d e n c eM a p l e Drive

( R i v e r d a l e )

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( f e e t )65-10040-60.-

58526265100

Comment s

G W 1 1

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o l d e r w e l l

F i g u r e 2-7R e f e r e n c eN u m b e r

8988618587626684

H i c k o r y Lane( R i v e r d a l e )

C h e r r y Lane( R i v e r d a l e )

Red Oak Drive( R i v e r d a l e )

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22060

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87-10090*.-

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M a g n o l i a Drive

G u l f Pump Road

1140513005—1300619191911192?17031511

443244434

237240

180-200180-200

300300300

180-200240

2C212224

125

1628

*Other s ha l l ow w e l l s that have not been repor t ed may ex i s t in the areaS o u r c e s : LAN r e p o r t , A p r i l 1985.

R E I , 1 9 8 6 A , T a b l e 2-3.

D F W 6 A / 0 3 1

2-16

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S M A L L W A S T E P I T S

1500

Source:R e m e d i a l I n v e s t i g a t i o n R e p o r tL o c k w o o d , A n d r e w s & N e w n a m , I n cA p r i l 1985

0 5 c>»f i <""i

F i g u r e 2 - 7 ( S e e T a b l e 2-3)D O M E S T I C W A T E R S U P P L Y W E L L SR f V E R D A L E S U B D I V I S I O N

F R E N C H L t M I T E D S I T E

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t h i s g r o u p , the w e l l nearest the s i t e i s a p p r o x i m a t e l y800 f e e t southwes t o f the western t ip o f the l agoon*L O C A L _ H Y p R O G E O L O G YTwo a q u i f e r zones are pre s ent w i t h i n the t op 155 f e e t {Fig-ure 2 - 8 ) : th e u p p e r a l l u v i a l zone, c o n s i s t i n g o f H o l o c e n ea l l u v i a l d e p o s i t s , and th e lower s i l t y sand zone, c o n s i s t i n gof a sand layer a p p r o x i m a t e l y 20 to 30 f e e t th i ck at a d e p t ho f a p p r o x i m a t e l y 125 f e e t (AHA, 1 9 8 6 ) . The two zones ar eh y d r a u l i c a l l y s e p a r a t e d by a p p r o x i m a t e l y 70 f e e t o f P l e i s t -ocene s e d i m e n t s c o n s i s t i n g p r e d o m i n a n t l y o f c lays*In the s i te area, the u p p e r a l l u v i a l zone e x t e n d s f r o m theground s u r f a c e to a maximum d e p t h of 55 f e e t ( E l e v a t i o n- 4 0 f e e t m s l ) . T h e S a n J a c i n t o River V a l l e y , which c o n t a i n sthe u p p e r a l l u v i a l zone, i s a p p r o x i m a t e l y 2.5 m i l e s wide int h e s i t e v i c i n i t y . T h e a l l u v i a l d e p o s i t s consist p r i m a r i l yof f i n e t o medium s a n d s ; however, d i s c o n t i n u o u s s i l t andc lay l a y e r s are a l s o p r e s e n t * Because of these d i s c o n t i n u o u ss i l t and c l a y l a y e r s , the u p p e r a l l u v i a l zone, which is gen-e r a l l y u n c o n f i n e d , may have l o c a l i z e d areas where c o n f i n e dc o n d i t i o n s ex i s t ( L A N , 1 9 8 5 ) . T h e u p p e r a l l u v i a l zone shouldbe t r e a t e d as a s i n g l e h y d r o g e o l o g i c unit in the v i c i n i t y oft h e F r e n c h L i m i t e d s i t e ( A H A , 1 9 8 6 ) .G r o u n d w a t e r l e v e l s in the u p p e r a l l u v i a l zone in the s i t earea are g e n e r a l l y a t / o r near the ground s u r f a c e wi th eleva-t i o n s r a n g i n g f r o m a p p r o x i m a t e l y 7 to 14 f e e t , in severala r e a s / the groundwa t e r level c o inc ide s with the water l evelin the numerous p o n d s , p i t s and marshes in the areas.The h y d r a u l i c grad i en t in the a l l u v i a l zone in the s i t e areai s r e l a t i v e l y f l a t , on the order o f 0.002 f e e t / f e e t t o th esou th a n d s ou thea s t ( A H A , 1 9 8 6 ) . L o c a l l y , t h e g rad i en t w i l lbe h igher over short d i s t a n c e s , p a r t i c u l a r l y when there areabrupt change s in the e l e v a t i o n of the ground s u r f a c e , suchas the sand p i t s , h i l l s i d e s and creeks. The l arg e s t h y d r a u l i cg r a d i e n t observed is between the main pit and the s l ough tothe n o r t h , which is on the order of 0.06 f e e t / f e e t .The lower s i l t y sand zone i s under ar t e s ian c o n d i t i o n s wi tha p i e z o m e t r i c s u r f a c e at a p p r o x i m a t e l y E l e v a t i o n -67 f e e t m s l .T h i s level i s a p p r o x i m a t e l y 81 f e e t below the ground s u r f a c eand 46 f e e t above the top of the lower s i l t y sand zone* Thetwo a q u i f e r zones are h y d r a u l i c a l l y s e p a r a t e d by a m i d d l ec l a y zone that f o r m s a n a q u i c l u d e ( A H A , 1 9 8 6 ) .The l a t e r a l p o t e n t i o m e t r i c gradient in the lower s i l t y sandzone a p p e a r s to be on the order of 0.001 f e e t / f e e t towardthe east (AHA, 1 9 8 6 ) . Beneath the s i t e , th e remainder o fthe C h i c o t a q u i f e r i s about 400 f e e t t h i c k , e x t e n d i n g to

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I n t e r b p r t d e d c t^y& d > K J s i l t s .C l « y $ a r e s t f f f , m o t t l e d , rerf t o grey~~— — - — -— — — _ _ _ _ _ _S t i f f , r e f l , b l o c f c y c l a y ~ ~ — - -w i t h s M c k e n s l d f r S

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t f o r f r n r t t a . 1S c j l , . ( f t )

300

V e r t i c a lS c a l e ( f t )

20

Sourc e:1986 F i e l d I n v e s t i g a t i o n H y d r o l o g y R e p o r t ,F r e n c h L i m i t e d S i t e , A p p l i e d H y d r o l o g y A s s o c i a t e sDecember 1986

Rgure 2-8S T R A T I G R P H f C C R O S S - S E C T I O N

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a p p r o x i m a t e l y E l e v a t i o n -500 f e e t ms l and d i s p l a y s an aver-a g e t r a n s r n i s s i v i t y o f about 3 ,300 f t / d a y ( J o r g e . . s e n , 1 9 7 5 ) .F r o m -500 f e e t m s l , t h e E v a n g e l i n e a q u i f e r i s about 1,500 f e e tt h i c k , w i t h a t r a n s m i s s i v i t y o f about 8 ,000 f t / d a y . P i e z o -metr ic l e v e l s in the d e e p c o n f i n e d a q u i f e r s beneath the s i t ed e c l i n e d about 150 f e e t in the C h i c o t and 250 f e e t msl inthe E v a n g e l i n e b e tween 1890 and 1970 ( J o r g e n s e n , 1975 a sr epor t ed b y L A N , 1 9 8 5 ) .S U R F A C E W A T E R H Y D R O G E O L O G Y

T h e average m o n t h l y r a i n f a l l a p p e a r s t o b e f a i r l y w e l l d i s -t r i b u t e d throughout t h e year ( R E I , 1 9 8 6 a ) . T h e annual rain-f a l l i s a p p r o x i m a t e l y 48 inche s p er year; however, th e rangeis be tween 18 and 73 inche s . F l o o d i n g do e s occur at theF r e n c h L i m i t e d s i t e . The h i g h e s t s u r f a c e e l e v a t i o n a t th es i t e i s a p p r o x i m a t e l y 1 6 f e e t above m s l . T h e U . S . Army C o r p so f E n g i n e e r s noted t h a t t h e 100-year f l o o d p l a i n e l e v a t i o n i s28 f e e t above m s l . T h i s p l a c e s t h e F r e n c h L i m i t e d s i t e w i t h i nt h e 100-year f l o o d zone.The s u r f a c e water d r a i n a g e a t th e s i t e a p p e a r s t o b e c o m p l e xd u e t o t h e f l a t t o p o g r a p h y a n d numerous man-made f e a t u r e saround t h e s i t e . T h e f l o w o f r a i n f a l l r u n o f f a p p e a r s t ovary in d i r e c t i o n w i t h the i n t e n s i t y and d u r a t i o n o f ther a i n f a l l event . O b s e r v a t i o n s r e g a r d i n g d r a i n a g e a t t h e s i t eby various i n v e s t i g a t o r s have been summarized as f o l l o w s( R E I , 1 9 8 6 a ) :

" 1 . P r e d o m i n a n t F l o w P a t hThe general s u r f a c e water f l o w p a t t e r n in th ev i c i n i t y o f the s i t e i s w e s t - s o u t h w e s t toward theS a n J a c i n t o River. D r a i n a g e i s g e n e r a l l y p o o r , a sevidenced by l a r g e swampy areas, and is dominatedb y man-made f e a t u r e s ( r o a d s , d i t c h e s , c u l v e r t s ,berms , p i t s , e t c . ) . The l a g o o n i s d ik ed with nor e g u l a r l y f l o w i n g o u t l e t , a l t h o u g h a n o v e r f l o ws t r u c t u r e wa s i n s t a l l e d t o p r e v e n t o v e r t o p p i n g o fthe d ike .

2 . M a x i m u m F l o o d i n g E v e n t sD u r i n g m a x i m a l s t orm e v e n t s , such as tha t o f May1983, the s i t e area becomes a backwater of the SanJ a c i n t o River as the l eve l of the river rises.U n d e r t h e s e c o n d i t i o n s , t h e l a g o o n and s u r r o u n d i n gareas are c o m p l e t e l y i n u n d a t e d , and the f l o w isg r a d u a l and to the w e s t - s o u t h w e s t . As the waterl eve l s u b s i d e s and the man-made f e a t u r e s exerttheir e f f e c t , the d ir e c t i on o f f l o w changes to thenorth and w e s t , into the s l o u g h at the westerncorner o f t h e p r o p e r t y . T h i s f l o w i n c l u d e sr u n o f f f r o m areas south o f G u l f Pump Road, which

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f l o w s nor th over the road a n d / o r under the roadv i a c u l v e r t s . T h e f l o w p a t t e r n f r o m t h e s l o u g h i sthen ea s t -nor th ea s t to the f i s h i n g hole under theH i g h w a y 90 b r i d g e and then we s t - s ou thwe s t a l o n gthe north s ide of H i g h w a y 90 toward the river,3 . N o m i n a l F l o o d i n g Even t s

D u r i n g l e s s severe s t orms and as the water levels u b s i d e s f o l l o w i n g maximal s torms, water north o fH i g h w a y 9 0 f l o w s into t h e f i s h i n g h o l e , throughthe s l o u g h ( w e s t - s o u t h w e s t ) and then south t h r o u g hcu lv e r t s under G u l f Pump Road to the marshy areas ou th of the s i t e and east of the abandoned land-J. J- J, X •

T h i s "reversal" i n r u n o f f f l e w d i r e c t i o n t e n d s t ore ta in heavier m a t e r i a l s near the s i t e and di s-per s e l i g h t e r m a t e r i a l s i n a l l d i r e c t i o n s . R u n o f ff r o m other area was te d i s p o s a l op e ra t i on s woulda l s o tend to d i s p e r s e c on taminant s in all direc-t ions w i t h i n t h e S a n J a e i n t o River f l o o d p l a i n . "M o v e m e n t o f c o n t a m i n a t e d s u r f a c e water t o l o ca l s o i l s , p o n d s ,and d i t c h e s is a p o t e n t i a l prob l em that w i l l be a d d r e s s e df u r t h e r wi th in t h i s r epor t . T h e impact o f s u r f a c e f l o o d i n gmay a l s o a f f e c t t h e l o ca l groundwat er s u p p l i e s and a q u i f e rand w i l l a l s o be a d d r e s s e d f u r t h e r *

E C O L O G YThe t errain i s f l a t and h e a v i l y w o o d e d , and the area i n c l u d e sseveral p o n d s , the l a g o o n , and a f i s h i n g hole . F i s h andw i l d l i f e a r e p r e s e n t a t t h e f i s h i n g ho l e . T h e S a n J a c i n t oRiver p r o v i d e s a var i e ty of recreat ional a c t i v i t i e s inc lud-ing b o a t i n g , f i s h i n g , water s k i i n g , camping , and h u n t i n g( R E I 1 9 8 6 a ) . T h e r e i s i n s u f f i c i e n t i n f o r m a t i o n a n d d a t aa v a i l a b l e to de s cr ibe the ecosystem or to make an ecotoxi-c o l o g i c a l a n a l y s i s ,

D E M O G R A P H YThe R i v e r d a l e S u b d i v i s i o n c u r r e n t l y cons i s t s o f 100 p e ; o p l e ,A n o t h e r 20 p e o p l e l ive one-quarter m i l e i m m e d i a t e l y south o fthe s i t e . B a r r e t t , T e x a s , i s one*-hal f mi l e to the east-s ou th ea s t and has some 2,000 p e o p l e . Crosby, T s x a s , is tot h e nor th-nor thwe s t . T h e T e x a s A l m a n a c l i s t s a p o p u l a t i o nof 2,500. A f a m i l y l ive s on the S i k e s p r o p e r t y north ofH i g h w a y 90. Downtown H o u s t o n is 20 mi l e s southwest of thes i te . H i g h w a y 90 is a heav i ly t rave l l ed road, p a s s i n g onthe northern boundary of the s i t e , a p p r o x i m a t e l y 300 f e e tf r o m the p i t . Beltway 8 is current ly under constructiond i r e c t l y south of the site.D F K 6 A / 0 3 2

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S e c t i o n 3E V A L U A T I O N O F D A T A L I M I T A T I O N S

F o r t h i s e n d a n g e r m e n t a s s e s s m e n t , t h e d a t a base l i m i t a t i o n sw i l l b e d i s c u s s e d f i r s t f o r t h e q u a n t i t y a n d q u a l i t y o f p o l -l u t a n t s a t s e l e c t e d s i t e s , second for th e e x i s t e n c e o f com-p a r a b l e s t a n d a r d s a n d g u i d e s , a n d t h i r d f o r t h e e x i s t e n c e o fd o s e / r e s p o n s e d a t a . T h e m o n i t o r i n g d a t a a d d r e s s e d here incover ( 1 ) l a g o o n w a t e r , ( 2 ) l a g o o n s l u d g e , ( 3 ) l a g o o n sub-s o i l , ( 4 ) l a g o o n s u r f a c e s o i l , ( 5 ) s u r r o u n d i n g s o i l s a n ds e d i m e n t s , ( 6 ) s u r r o u n d i n g s u r f a c e w a t e r , ( 7 ) t h e f i s h i n gh o l e a n d f i s h t i s s u e , ( 8 ) g r o u n d w a t e r , ( 9 ) a ir , ( 1 0 ) f o o d ,( 1 1 ) b a c k g r o u n d , a n d ( 1 2 ) e c o t o x i c i t y .T h e t o x i c o l o g i c a l d a t a a d d r e s s e d here in cover n o n c a r c i n o g e n i cd o s e - r e s p o n s e and c a r c i n o g e n i c d o s e - r e s p o n s e .

M O N I T O R I N G D A T AL A G O O N W A T E RL a g o o n w a t e r s a m p l e s were t a k e n at e i g h t l o c a t i o n s in thel a g o o n f o r c h e m i c a l a n a l y s e s . Both i n o r g a n i c a n d o r g a n i ca n a l y s e s were c o n d u c t e d ? i n a d d i t i o n , g e n e r a l i n f o r m a t i o nsuch a s water t e m p e r a t u r e , p H , c o n d u c t i v i t y , d i s s o l v e d oxy-g e n , t o t a l o r g a n i c carbons ( T O O , p h e n o l i c s , a n d t o t a lo r g a n i c h a l i d e s ( T O X ) ( R E I , I 9 8 6 a ) w a s c o l l e c t e d . P a r a m e t e r swere r e p o r t e d f o r var iou s d e p t h s .T h e w a t e r t e m p e r a t u r e d u r i n g s a m p l i n g ranged f r o m 1 6 . 2 ° C t o2 0 . 8 ° C . T h e p H w a s s l i g h t l y a l k a l i n e a n d r a n g e d f r o m 7 . 2 t o8.4. T h e d i s s o l v e d oxygen ( D . O . ) r a n g e d f r o m 0 . 2 t o 8 . 9 p p mand was d e p t h - d e p e n d e n t . The l a g o o n water was f o u n d to bes t r a t i p h i e d . T h e wat er near t h e bo t t om o f t h e p i t c o n t a i n sa h i g h e r s u s p e n d e d s o l i d s c ont ent a n d d i f f e r e n t water q u a l i t yt h a n the water above. For t h i s r eason, l a g o o n water wasc l a s s i f i e d a s u p p e r and lower.T h e r e p o r t e d i n o r g a n i c s m o n i t o r e d i n t h e u p p e r l a g o o n waterwere z i n c , l e a d , and chromium as w e l l as c h l o r i d e s and su l-f a t e s . D a t a f o r o n e l o c a t i o n ( W S - 1 ) showed tha t t h e c h l o r -i d e s , s u l f a t e , z i n c , a n d chromium were be low a p p a r e n t d e t e c -t i on l i m i t s f o r t ha t s a m p l i n g l o c a t i o n .I n o r g a n i c d a t a a t t h e same l o c a t i o n ( W S - 1 ) were a l s o pre-sented f or th e h i g h s u s p e n d e d s o l i d s water l a y e r near th ebo t t om o f t h e l a g o o n water ( R E I , 1 9 8 6 a ) . Data were e x p r e s s e da s f i l t e r e d water ( m g / L ) versus s o l i d p h a s e ( m g / k g ) .The inorgani c s were shown to be d e p t h ^ d e p e n d e n t at WS-1.T h e u p p e r water w a s a p p a r e n t l y ^ b e l o w d e t e c t i o n l i m i t s . T h e

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f i l t e r e d water o f t h e s u s p e n d e d s o l i d s l a y e r h a d i n c r e a s e dl e v e l s o f l e a d , s u l f a t e s , a n d c h l o r i d e s . T h e s o l i d s p h a s ea l s o h a d e l e v a t e d l e v e l s o f t h e s e i n o r g a n i c s . T h e i n o r g a n i c sd a t a a t a second s a m p l i n g s i t e ( W S - 2 ) were a l s o r e p o r t e d .D a t a were p r e s e n t e d f o r chromium, n i c k e l , a n d zinc. H i g hl e v e l s o f z inc were f o u n d in th e s o l i d p h a s e .For p u r p o s e s o f t h i s e n d a n g e r m e n t a s s e s s m e n t and based ont h e a v a i l a b l e d a t a , t h e f o l l o w i n g a s s u m p t i o n s a r e made f o ri n o r g a n i c s in t h e u p p e r l a g o o n w a t e r , l a g o o n water ( s u s -p e n d e d s o l i d s a r e a ) , a n d s o l i d p h a s e o f s u s p e n d e d s o l i d sl a y e r :

o The u p p e r l a g o o n w a t e r doe s no t have c o n c e n t r a t i o n so f r e p o r t e d i n o r g a n i c s in ex c e s s o f d e t e c t i o nl i m i t s .o M a x i m u m r e p o r t e d and average c o n c e n t r a t i o n s o fm o n i t o r e d i n o r g a n i c s in th e f i l t e r e d water o f t h es u s p e n d e d s o l i d s l a y e r are shown in T a b l e 3-1.

F o r t h e o r g a n i c m o n i t o r i n g o f t h e l a g o o n w a t e r , t h e d a t af r o m f i v e s a m p l i n g s t a t i o n s were p r e s e n t e d i n T a b l e 3-2,H o w e v e r , i n t w o s a m p l e s ( S W 0 2 a n d S W 0 7 ) , t h e d a t a were n o ta n a l y z e d ( T a b l e 3 - 2 ) . O n l y S W C 9 ( r e f l e c t i n g t h e h i g h s tra-t i f i e d water l a y e r ) h a d a c o m p l e t e d a t a base.For p u r p o s e s o f t h i s e n d a n g e r m e n t a s s e s s m e n t , i t i s a s sumedt h a t :

o O r g a n i c p o l l u t a n t c o n c e n t r a t i o n s can be mixed w i t hu p p e r l a g o o n water a n d f i l t e r e d wat er p h a s e .o S u r f a c e wa t er h a s t h e c o n c e n t r a t i o n s s p e c i f i e du n d e r S W 0 1 ( T a b l e 3 - 2 ) .o T h e b o t t o m wat er zone ( s a m p l e S W 0 9 h i g h s o l i d ss t r a t i f i e d water l a y e r ) w i l l s i m p l y b e e x p r e s s e da s maximum r e p o r t e d ( T a b l e 3 - 3 ) .o A v e r a g e v a l u e s were d e v e l o p e d f r o m s a m p l e s S W 0 9a n d S W 0 1 .

L A G O O N S L U D G EThe s l u d g e in the l a g o o n ranged f r o m zero to 1 0 , 3 f e e t int h i c k n e s s ( a v e r a g e = 5.88 f e e t ) ( R E I , 1 9 8 6 a ) *L a g o o n s l u d g e s a m p l e s were c o l l e c t e d via hand core andv i b r a t i n g probe equ ipment . O n l y t h e l oo s e u p p e r p o r t i o n o ft h e s l u d g e l a y e r w a s taken f o r a n a l y s i s ( R E I , 1 9 8 6 a ) .S a m p l e s were r a n d o m l y c o l l e c t e d and a n a l y z e d at 10 s i t e s ;

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* U p p e r water c onc en t ra t i on as o p p o s e d to concentration near the bo t tom or w i t h i n thes u sp ended s o l i d s layer .

"Average o f H S * 1 a n d W s - 2 r epor t ed c onc en tra t i on , c o n c e n t r a t i o n s b^low d e t e c t i o nl i m i t s t r e a t e d as 0. D e t e c t i o n l i m i t s not r epor t ed in R E I , 1986a.

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h. V o l a t i l e F r a c t i o nBenzeneC h l o r o f o r m1 , 1 - d i c h l o r o e t h a n e1 , 2 - d i c h l o r o e t h a n e1 , 1 - d i c h l o r o e t h y l e n etrans-1 , 2 - d i c h l o r o e t h y l e n e1 , 2 - d i c h l o r o p r o p a n *E t h y l benzeneT e t r a c h l o r o e t h y l e n eT r i c h l o r o e t h y l e n eT o l u e n eV i n y l c h l o r i d e

A c i d F r a c t i o nB a s e / N e u t r a l F r a c t i o n

A c e n a p h t h e n eA c e n a p h t h y l e n eA n t h r a c e n eBenzo ( a ) an thrac eneb i s ( 2 - e t h y l h e x y l ) p h t h a l a t eC h r y s e n eD i - n - b u t y l p h t h a l a t eF l u o r a n t h e n eF l u o r e n eN a p h t h a l e n eP h e n a n t h r e n ePyrene

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* S a m p l e o f t h e h i g h s o l i d s s t r a t i f i e d water l a y e r ,N D - N o t d e t e c t e d .N A - N o t a n a l y z e d .S o u r c e s : L A N , 1985, R E I , 1986a, T a b l e 7-6,

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T a b l e 3-3P R I O R I T Y P O L L U T A N T A N A L Y S I S O P LAGOON W A T E R

A , V o l a t i l e F r a c t i o nBenzeneC h l o r o f o r m1 . 1 - d i c h l o r o e t h a n e1 . 2 - d i c h l o r o e t h a n e1 . 1 - d i c h l o r o e t h y l e n et - 1 , 2 - d i c h l o r o e t h y l e n e1 . 2 - d i c h l o r o p r o p a n eE t h y l benzeneT e t r a c h l o r o e t h e n eT r i c h l o r o e t h e n eT o l u e n eV i n y l C h l o r i d e

B. A c i d F r a c t i o nB a s e / N e u t r a l F r a c t i o n

A c e n a p h t h e n eA c e n a p h t h y l e n eA n t h r a c e n eB e n z o ( a ) a n t h r a c e n eb i s ( 2 - e t h y l h e x y l ) p h t h a l a t eC h r y s e n eD i - n - b u t y l p h t h a l a t eF l u o r a n t h e n eF l u o r e n eN a p h t h a l e n eP h e n a n t h r e n ePyrene

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0.7500.1970.1050.0970.0070.1750.0090.2900.0320.0550.2050.090

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95,200S o u r c e : R E I , 1986a, T a b l e 7-6.N o t d e t e c t e d .* A v e r a g e o f S W O l a n d S W 0 9 r e p o r t e d c o n c e n t r a t i o n s , c o n c e n t r a t i o n s b e lowd e t e c t i o n l i m i t s t r e a t e d as 0.S W 0 9 r e s u l t s .+ * A v e r a g e o f S W O l , S W O B a n d S W 0 9 .

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however, for three o f those s i t e s a c o m p l e t e scan for pri-o r i t y p o l l u t a n t s was not p e r f o r m e d . D e t e c t i o n l i m i t s werenot s p e c i f i e d .S l u d g e d a t a to be used in the report are s p e c i f i e d inT a b l e 3-4.The d i s c overy o f PCB in th e l a g o o n s l u d g e (LAN, 1 9 8 5 ) ha sp r o m p t e d o ther s a m p l i n g e f f o r t s t o c h a r a c t e r i z e t h e concen-t r a t i o n l e v e l s o f PCB in the p i t . The r e s u l t s o f thoses a m p l i n g e f f o r t s are summarized in T a b l e 3-5.L A G O O N S U B S O I Lfmt Ta-i"- | - f nri ' T - n i " - f f - "• n i l " if i

The c o n t a m i n a n t s in the lagoon subsoil are shown in T a b l e 3-6and 3-7. V a l u e s l i s t e d as ND (not d e t e c t e d ) are assumed tobe zero since d e t e c t i o n l i m i t s were not s p e c i f i e d .V o l a t i l e o rgani c a n d p s h y n u c l e a r aromat i c ( P N A ) c o m p o u n d sare pr e s en t in the s u b s o i l . T h e s e compounds are in the s o i l so f the water-bearing zone o f tne F r e n c h L i m i t e d u p p e r a l l u -vium.A d d i t i o n a l work was c o n d u c t e d to c h a r a c t e r i z e the e x t en t o fP N A c o n t a m i n a t i o n i n t h e lagoon s u b s o i l s ( R E I , 1 9 8 6 a ) . N os p e c i f i c compounds were r e p o r t e d . S e v e n t y * s e v e n ( 7 7 )s a m p l e s f r o m 15 borings in and around the lagoon werea n a l y z e d f o r t o ta l P N A ' s , P N A l e v e l s f o u n d ranged f r o mn o n d e t e c t s t o 2 , 8 4 6 m g / k g . I n g e n e r a l , bor ing s o n t h e nor ths i d e o f t h e lagoon were f r e e f r o m P N A ' s wh i l e s a m p l e s f r o mbelow t h e p i t a n d t o t h e south o f t h e p i t contained P N A ' s .S U R R O U N D I _ N _ G _ S O I L S _ A K P . S E D I M E N T ST o t a l v o l a t i l e , a c i d , ba s e-neu tra l , t o ta l organic carbon,to ta l organic h a l i d e s and some c h e m i c a l - s p e c i f i c ana ly s e swere r e p o r t e d (REI, 1 9 8 6 a ) . S e d i m e n t and soil ana ly s e s wered i f f e r e n t i a t e d f or various l o c a t i o n s around the F r e n c h Lim-i t ed l a g o o n ( F i g u r e 3 - 1 ) :

A. S l o u g h north o f main p i tB . S l o u g h north o f U . S . H i g h w a y 9 0C. Drainage north o f U.S. H i g h w a y 90D. Pit east of l a g o o nE. D i t c h e s near and south of s i t eF . Pond s ou th o f G u l f P u m p RoadG. Drainage toward Ricke t t LakeH . R i c k e t t LakeI . P o n d s / d i t c h e s near R i v e r d a l eJ . S o i l west o f s i t eK . S o i l south o f s i teL. S o i l east of s i te

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3-6

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T a b l e 3-4S L U D G E P R I O R I T Y P O L L U T A N T C O M P O S I T I O N

G C / M S A N A L Y T I C A L D A T A

Result

u*I

V & Z a t l l e .Fraction CotBgxumdAcrole lnBenzeneChlorobemene1 , 2-dlchlc roethane1 , I-dlch lo.roetbaneChloroformtrans-1 ,2-d Icbloroethy lene1 , 2-dlcbloiopt-opaneEthyl bsnzeneMefcnyleae chlorideTetrach loroe thy leneTolueneTrlcbloroe thy lene1 , 1-dicnicroethy lene1,1,1-trlchIoroethaneVinyl chloride

CompoundsPheoolPentaehlorophenol2 , 4-dtnethy IphenolBase/Neutral rraction CompoundsAcenaphthenefluroanthene2 ,6 -dlnl trotolaeneN-Nt trosodtpnenylaeineBlsU-etnyl h e x y l j ph tha la t c-Ot-n-batyl pb tha la t e0l-b-octyl phthala t eBencofalaf l tnraoeneBenzotb) f luorantheneBenzo f * J f luorantbeneChryseneAcenaphtnyleneAnthraceneNaphtha l eneFluorenePhenanthrene

lB-2NO

1.10ND0.370.180.50NDND0.30

0.060.250.600.18NDNDNO

IB-3ND

150.016.0100.036.04.848.023.0170.0

6.0ND

200.07.5NDNDND

' L6-41

ND45NDND2.516.0

57.0ND

42.02.8

52.050.012.0NDNDND

t fe-550.0

120.0ND22.011.037.0

NDND

110,05.528.070.014.0NDND

ND

kf i -9 — — — —ND

120.0ND

73.026.020.039.033.0380.0ND19.0

420.044.0ND

NDND

— Sg6l* ——NANANANANANANANANANANANANANANANA

.-_- Vi — •*— — — — iSE02NANANANANANAN f tNANANANANANANANANA

SE03NANANANANANANANANANANANANANANANA

SE25ND

270ND2303923077ND87NO120

17048NDND13

"SE26ND

12033481505520010039170

68716

25569

Average7.11182.7110

37.851.960.122.3as18439.614220.20.37.911,7

NDNDND

NDNDND

NDNDND

NDNDN D

NDNDND

NDNDND

NDNDND

NDNDND

17074083

55290ND

24103

1.912.72ND

10.400.440.760.930.640,580.580.983.912.32

16.925.42

10.51

300240NDNDNDNONDNDNDNDND9804204,000

9502,230

3252701,430NDNDNDND98NDND

100750350

1,640840

1,680

2422ND

100ND

6NDNDNDNDND4579

2426098

246150ND

NDND95NDNDNDNDNDND4,4002,150

9301,230

1902POKD16"NOND169852ND632401201,300280

710

( 5 8 f( 8 1 )f N D >(39>( N D )( N D )( 1 3 )( 3 2 )( 1 7 )( N D )( 2 2 )£ 6 2 )(38)

( 2 8 0 )(70*nso>

NANANANANANANANANANANANANANANANA

320650ND700NDNt>ND21097N!>983402002,400

6801,800

4,1003,000

NDNDNDNDND740

700ND

7902,0002,2008,7005,4008,300

170170ND15045NDND6345

ND60

2501601,700

400630

5734«71431065

102124

910

1134587912,240

9621,680

0 0 5 9 5 0

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T a b l e 3-<J ( C o n t i n u e d }S L U D G E P R I O R I T Y P O L L U T A N T C O M P O S I T I O NG C / M S A N A L Y T I C A L D A T A

Result s( n i g / k g of dry wt s l u d g e s a m p l e )

OJiCO

o l e t l l e(Cont inued)PyreneB e n z o ( a f p y r e n eX n d e n o ( i , 2 , 3 - c d ) p y r e n eB e n s o ( g f h , l ) p e r y l e n ePesticide and PCS Fract ion CompoundsK l d r l nBeta endo su l fanEndrin a l d e h y d eH e p t a c h l o rHeptaeMor epox tdeA l p h a BHCBeta BHCDel ta BHCGanma GHC ( t i n d a n e )Sndosu lEan s t i l f a t eEndrinA l p h a enda sa l fan

LB-2

2.69NDNDND

I sND

0.112.65ND0.04NDNDND0.06

NDNDNDND

LB-3

1,000NDNDND

0.211.1811.25ND0.38ND0.20

NDNDND0.14

0.19ND

LB-4

410NDNDND

ND0.080.300.040.100.060.050.09ND

NDNDNDND

LB-5

22NON DND

NDN DNDN DND

0.120.06NDNDNDNDN DND

LB-9

NDNDNDND

ND23.370.1ND

ND2.50

MD2.30ND

NDNDN D1.17

SEOI*

280 ( 8 4 )52 ( 1 3 )N D ( N D >N D ( N D >

NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND

SE02

NANANANA

NDNDNDNDNDN DNDNDNDNDNDNDND

SE03

540NDNDND

NDNDNDNDNDNDNDN DNDNDNDNDND

S S 2 5

2,500450110

74

NDNDNDN DNDNDN DNDNDNDNDNDND

SE26

190NDNDND

N DN DNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND 1

NDNDND

Average

50352n7

0.022.478.430.010.050.270.030.240.01N D0.010.020.12

*Dats in parenthesis are for d u p l i c a t e analys i s .ND - Mot detected.*a - Not analyzed.Sources: (SE data! - LAK RI report, June 1985.FBI, 1986a, T a b l e 3-3.+•*• Average Is the total concentration of all sample s analyzed d i v i d e d by number of sample s a n a l y z e d , n o n d e t e c t f o n is assumed to be zero.

DPH6V056

0 0 5 9 5

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T a b l e 3-5L A G O O N S L U D G E P C B D A T A

Reported Concen tra t i on of PCBt a g / K g ) _

Repor tL A N , 1985

R E I , 1986a

R E I , 1986b

N o * o f S a m p l e s

3c31

61

N o . o f A n a l y s i s4c43°d88

Average

170

33

60

H a x l m u F

S07

370

693 G

' T h i s i n c l u d e s s p l i t a n d d u p l i c a t e s a m p l e s .•*'Average i s th e sum o f th e concentrat ion o f a l l a n a l y s i s r e s u l t s d i v i d e d by the number o fa n a l y s i s , n o n d e t e c t l o n is assumed to be zero.

' T h i s count i n c l u d e s f o u r s a m p l e s f o u n d t o b e "not acceptable" ( R E I , 1 9 8 6 a ) . T h o s e f o u rs a m p l e s were not used in c a l c u l a t i o n o£ average or maximum repor t ed concentra t ions .Count in c lude s s p l i t s a m p l e s and r e su l t s of "re-extract ion and re-analys i s of the s a T i ea l iquo t . " ( R E I , 1986b)

i" T h i s s a m p l e was r e - e x t r a c t e d , re-analyzed and repor t ed as 144 a g / k g . MaximiuB r e p o r t e dconcentrat ion o f o ther s a m p l e s e q u a l s 471 m g / k g .

CMLO

oo

D F H 6 A / 0 7 8

3-9

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T a b l e 3-6S U M M A R Y O F L A G O O N B O R I N G C H E M t C A L A N A L Y S E S

U < J K r > D A T A *

r>-*o

G C / M S F r a c t i o n T o t a l s S a g / k g *S a m p l e Mo.LB-01-07LB-01-08LB-01-09LB-01-10LB-01-18LB-01-20LB-O1-21LB-02-02LB-02-04LB-02-05LB-02-06LB -02-08LB-02-09LB-02-10LB-02-ULB-C2-12LB-02-13LB-03-03LB-03-04LB-03-05LB-03-07LB-03-08LB-03-09LB-03-10LB-O3-11LB-O3-12

Eleva t i on( £ t m s U-12.4 to -13.9-13.9 to -15.9-15.9 to -17,9-17.9 to -19.9-33.9 to -35.9-37.9 to -39.9-39.9 to -41.9-16.5 to -18.5-20.0 to -21.5-22.0 to -23.5-24.0 to -25.5-27.5 to -29.0-29,0 to -31.0-31.0 to -32.5-32.5 to -34.5-35.0 to -37.0-37.0 to -39.0-15.0 to -17.0-17.0 to -19.0-19.0 to -21.0-23.0 to -25.0-25.0 to -27.0-27.0 to -29.0-29.0 to -31.0-31.0 to -33.0-33.0 to -35.0

V o l a t i l eND

162.0NDNDNDN ANA

67.30.6240.3470.2421.2430.2670.048

N D 'NDNDNDNDN D '0.0412.827NDNDNDND

A c i dNDNDNDME>NAN ANA

1.050NDNDNDNDNDNDNANANANDN DNDNDNDND

0.083NANA

B a s e / N e u t r a l0.4591.1431.2571.521NA

N ANA1,650

2.0664.0971.182

ND0.4620.491

NAN ANA

1.342NDNDN D '

3.6000.333NDNANA

PestPCB TOC P h e n o l l c s Oil andGrease C h l o r i d e( m g / k c j ) ( % ) ( r a g / k g ) ( r a g / k g ) ( w g / k g tNDNDNDNDNANANANDNDN DNDNDNDNDNANANANDNDN DNDNDNDNDNAN A

3.043.041.770.79NA

N ANA

4.660.080.060.050.050.040.01

NANANANDNDNDNDNDND0.04NANA

NANDNDN DNANANA

10.653.084.432.041.88Z . 6 4 ,0.54

NAN ANA

0.280.400.59Q. 460.800.800.71NA

NA

NA311183178

NANANA

14,971566371914553406158

NANANA

1511231541407392309NA

NA

NANANANA

202236424

N ANANANANANAMA

663N A508

NANANANANANANANAMA

S u l f a t ej m g . / f c g jNAN ANANA154

131127

N AN AN A' AN ANAN A

153NA

142N ANAN AN AN ANANANAN A

T o t a lChromiumC m g / k g )NANANAN A484037NAN AN ANANAN ANA11NA23

NANANAN ANANANA2327

Z i n c£ m g / k ;NANANANA424834

NANANANANAN ANA

3NA41NANAN AN AN ANANA4136

MA - Hot analyzed.ND - Not detected or below method detect ion Unit s .NOTE - Lagoon surface e levation of +10.4 ft a t s l .- Data»: OSGS B.K. WK-3 1963 Ad^ustaent Elevat ion *26.69 ft a t s l .Source: R E I , 1986a; T a b l e 3-11.

D F W S A / 0 3 7

n, 5 9 5 3

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T a b l e 3-7GC/MS COMPOUNDS DETECTED IN TWO OR MOREL A G O O N B O R I N G S A M P L E S

CompoundBenzeneChloro form1, 1-dlchloroe thane1,2-dichloroethaneBthylbenzeneToluene1, 2-Trans-

dlchloroethyleneT r i c h I o r o s t h y 1 e n eVinyl C h l o r i d ePhenolAnthraceneChryseneUl-n-butyl p h t n a l a t eJ>l-n-octyl p h t h a l a t eFluoranthenej F l u r o e n ePhenanthrenePyrene

S a m p l e Number a n d Concentration S d r y w e i g h t ) ( m g / k g JLB-OI-07

NDNDNDNDNDND

NDNDMD

ND

NDNDND

0.459NDNDNDND

LB-OI-08N D ( N D )f ! D ( N D )N D ( N D )N D C N D *N D ( N D )

12.300 (ND*

N D E N D *N D ( N D *N D ( N D t

ND (ND*

N D 1 £ N D )N D ( N D *

1.148 (0.260*NV

N D C N D )N D ( N D *N D ( N D )N D ( N D *

LB-01-09NDNDNDNDNDND

NDNDND'

ND

NDND

0.635(0.260*0.622

NDNDNDND

LS-01-10NDMDNDNDNDND

NDNDND

ND

NDND

0.4651.056

NDNDNDND

LB-02-0214.000 ( 4 9 )

N D ( N D !2.625 ( N D )5.265 ( 2 2 )

14.900 ( 6 8 )11.900 ( 7 2 )

2.055 ( N D *3.938 ( N D )

N D ( N D *

0.225 ( N D )

1 G ' 5 . 2 2 B ( 2 9 )30.090 (ND»

N D ( N D )NV

173.726 (41*171.000 (73*481.600 ( 2 3 )259.330 C 2 5 )

LB-02-040.161 ( N D *0.040 (ND)0.078 ( N D *0.508 (ND*

N D ( N D )0.037 ( N D )

NVN D ( N D *N D ( N D )

N D ( N D )

0.076 « N D )N D ( N D )

0.33H2.500*NV

0.129N E > ( N D )

0.507 (ND*0.199 ( N D *

LB-02-050.052 (ND*

N D < N f »N D ( N D )

0.295(0.030)*N D ( N D *N O ( N D )

N V ( N V *N D ( N D *N D ( N D )

N D C N D )

0.387 ( N D )0.129 ( N D *ND (2.700)

NVNV

2.323(1.300*2 .323(1 .300)

0.774 ( N D *

Id-02-060.060O.OO9

0.173NDND

NVNDND

ND

NDNDNDNVNVNDNDND

D F W S A / 0 3 8 - l

0 0 5 9 5 4as.

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T a b l e 3-7 (Continued*GC/KS COMPOUNDS D E T E C T E D IN TWO OR WOREL A G O O N B O R I N G S A M P L E S

S a m p l e Number and Concentration ( d r y w e i g h t ) 1 t m c i / f c g )Compound

iBenzeneC h l o r o f o r m1,1-dichloroe thaneU ,2-dichloroethaneE t h f l b e n z e n eToluene1, 2 - T r a n s d l c h l Q ' r o e t h y l e n eTrich loroet by leneVinyl Chlor id e

LB-02-080000

00

.293

.024

.146

.565NDNDND

.010

.093

£3-02-090.045

ND0.0340.158

N DNDNDNDND

L3-02-1QND 1

NDO.CM8

NDNDNDND'N DND

LB-03-03NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND

( N D JE N D )E N D *I M »( N D >£ N D l '( N D ) >( N D )( N D >

Lfl-03-07NDNDND

0.041NDNDNDNDND

L8-03-080.251G.02?0.5710.2450.0890.0990.194

ND1.361

ta-03-09NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND

LB-03-10 AveragNDNONDNDNDNDWDNDND

3.0410.0040.1671.3973.9524.5870.1410.1880.069

Phenol ND ND N D ( N D > ND ND 0.083 0.308

I*-«N J

AnthraceneCftryseneM-n-butylDi-n-octyl

p h t h a l a t ep h t h a l a t e

JluorantheneFlaroenePhenanthrenePyrene

NDNDNDNDNDNDNDND

NDND

0.462NDNDNDNDNO

NDNDNDNDNDNDWDND

NDND

0.3550.49O

NDNDNDND

C N D )( N D >C0.390J(0.50Q&( N D ){ N D )f N D *( N D ) .

NDND

0.373NE>NDNDNDND

NDND

0.267NDNDNDNDND

NONDND

0.333NDNDNDND

NDNDNDNDNDNDNDND

6.4141.4390.4830.216

10.23111.64224.22513.586

( > - Numbers in parenthesi s are for s p l i t sample result s .NI> - Not detected,NV - No value given In source.Source: REI, 1986a; T a b l e 3-12.* * Average Is the to ta l concentration of all s ampl e s analysed d iv id ed by

the number of s ampl e s ana lyz ed , nondetect lon is assumed to be 08

D E K 6 A / 0 3 8 - 2

0 0 5 9 5 5

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005955

R e m e d i a l I n v e s t i g a t i o n R e p o r t , F r e n c hL i m i t e dJ u n e 1986

S i t e , Resource E n g i n e e r i n g

HK E Y :

A ) S L O U G H KORTH O F M A I N P I TB) S L O U T H NORTH OF V.S.90C > D R A I N A G E N O R T H O F U . S . 9 0D ? £ ( P I T E A S T O F LAGOONE ) D I T C H E S N E A R A N D S O U T H O F S I T EF ) POND S O U T H O F G U L F P U M P R O A E )G > D R A I N A G E T O W A R D R I C K E T T E , A K EE l ) R I C K E T T L A K E

I > P O N D S / D I T C H E S N E A R R I V E R D A L EJ j S O I L W P I S T O F S I T EK J S O I L S O U T H O F S I T EU S O I L E A S T O F S I T E F i g u r e 3-t

L O C A T I O N S O F S O I L / S E D f M E N TA N A L Y S E S / A S S E S S M E N TF R E N C H L I M I T E D S I T E

A 5 Q 5 6

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005956

C h e m i c a l - s p e c i f i c a n a l y s e s were r e p o r t e d f o r c h e m i c a l sd e t e c t e d in two or more surround ing area s a m p l e s . PCB anal-yses were conduc ted and r epor t ed i n d e p e n d e n t l y . The d a t aare r epor t ed in T a b l e 3-8.D e t e c t i o n l i m i t s were not s p e c i f i e d .F I S H I N G HOLE A N D O T H E R S U R R O U N D I N G _WATER B O D I E gC h e m i c a l - s p e c i f i c d a t a were not r epor t ed by RE 86* T o t a lorganic carbon d a t a for the east sand p i t , south sand p i t ,north s l o u g h , and f i s h i n g hole w i l l be used in comparisonwith d a t a f r o m the lagoon water.T h e f i s h i n g hole water w a s monitored f o r t o t a l v o l a t i l e s ,a c i d s , b a s e / n e u t r a l , a n d p e s t i c i d e / P C B , T h e f i r s t threet e s t r e s u l t s were a l l n o n d e t e c t a b l e c o n c e n t r a t i o n s and thep e s t i c i d e / P C B was no t a n a l y z e d . The t o t a l organic carbonw a s 1 2 , 2 m g / L .A b a n d o n e d sand p i t s east •*** "" south of the l a g o o n were shownto have water q u a l i t y sinu. ir to that of the f i s h i n g ho le .T o t a l organic carbon concen tra t i on s in the sand p i t s eastand sou th of the lagoon were 12.3 and 10.2 m g / L , respec-t i v e l y . A s l o u g h south of the lagoon had s imi lar waterq u a l i t y . The water at R i c k e t t Lake a l s o had s i m i l a r waterq u a l i t y wi th t h e e x c e p t i o n o f b i s { 2 - e t h y l h e x y l ) p h t h a l a t e( 0 . 2 8 9 m g / L ) . A s l o u g h nor th o f t h e l a g o o n had s imi larwater q u a l i t y but its t o ta l organic carbon was increased to35.7 m g / L .The f i s h i n g ho l e s ediment d a t a wer^ c o l l e c t e d f r o m f o u r loca-t i ons . T o t a l organic carbon, t o t a l organic ha l og en and t o ta lorganic e x t r a c t a b l e s d a t a were r epor t ed . T h e on ly chemica l-s p e c i f i c a n a l y s i s made shows tha t chrysene was pre sent atl e v e l s above d e t e c t i o n l i m i t s ( R E I , 1 9 8 6 a ) .Based on the a v a i l a b l e i n f o r m a t i o n , the f o r e g o i n g areas can-not be c on f i rmed as being contaminated or not contaminated .The s u r f a c e water bodies s u r r o u n d i n g th e F r e n c h L i m i t e d s i t ecould have been contaminat ed by o v e r f l o w s f r o m the lagoond u r i n g f l o o d events or f r o m g r o u n d w a t e r migra t i on to them.The compound, b i s ( 2 - e t h y l h e x y l ) p h t h l a t e which was f o u n d inthe lagoon s u r f a c e water s a m p l e s , was a l s o d e t e c t e d inR i c k e t t L a k e . S i m i l a r l y chrysene , which i s f o u n d in sedi-ments and s u r f a c e waters in the lagoon , was d e t e c t ed in thes ed iment s o f th e f i s h i n g ho l e .

r-LA

OO

3-14

smartin

Rectangle

005957

T a b l e 3-8A V E R A G E A N D / O R M A X I M O M C O M C E N T R A T I O N O F G C Y M S C O M P O U N D S D E T E C T E D I M T W O O R MORE S O I L S A M P L E S I N S W R R O O N D I M G A R K f t S

Concentration tn Each Area

u»I

CoopoondsBeneeneAcenaphtheneAeenaphthyleneBenzo (a > anthracene

AAverage

*-•

24,074.37.01

BM a x I f f l u m M a x Itmaa

0.2768

28023

C D EMax intun Max tnmiB Max iwura

__ -_ — —0.420.73

—

rMaximum

0.05———

G H I JMax iount Maximum Maximum Max inum

MA—Wd — 37

—

K LKaximuD Maximum

--—

—bi sU-EthylhexyU

phthala t eChryseneDi-a-batyl ph tha la t eDi-n-octyl phthalateFluorantheneFluoreneN a p h t h a l e n ePhenanthrenePyrenePCB*KEY; See Flgare 3-1)A> Slough aorth of sain pitB) Slo t igh north of U.S. 90C) Drainage north of E / . S , 90DJ Pit east of lagoonE) Ditches near and south of s i teF> Pond south of G u l f Pump RoadG) Drainage toward R i c f c e t t LakeH) Ricfcett Lak*1) Ponds/ditches near Riverdale

J) Soil west of siteK) Soil south of siteLI Soil east of siteSOURCE: R E T , 198Sa; T a b l e 4-2

—4.14

--—

40.549.8

161113

32.265.6

—14_-

0.61140140480360110237

2.20._

0.035.600.09

—0.02

—0.10—

17.00.150.18

150.03

——_.

0.03—

—O.E9

—0.57

0.060.82

-_2.100.870.16

23——22__—

0.12—Q.OB—

2.60 O.78 9.50O.S2

25

13 0.22

0.3

96

6.SO19

110209

D F H 6 A / 0 6 9 0 0 5 9 5 8

smartin

Rectangle

005958

G R O U N D W A T E RS a m p l i n g f o r p o l l u t a n t s t o d e t e r m i n e t h e i r p r e s e n c e ( v o l a -t i l e , a c i d , b a s e / n e u t r a l ) a n d t h e i r c h e m i c a l - s p e c i f i c con-c e n t r a t i o n s was c o n d u c t e d in the two g r o u n d w a t e r uni t s*

o U p p e r a l l u v i a l zoneo Lower s i l t y sand zoneD a t a f or th e zones ar e l i s t e d in T a b l e s 3-9 t h r o u g h 3-13.N o a s s e s smen t o f r a d i o n u c l i d e c o n c e n t r a t i o n s w a s p r e s e n t e din any o f the r e p o r t s used as r e f e r e n c e s for t h i s a s s e s s m e n t .T h e a p p r o x i m a t e area o f g r o u n d w a t e r c o n t a m i n a t i o n o f t h ea l l u v i a l 2one i s shown i n F i g u r e 3 - 2 ( L A N , 1 9 8 5 ) ,A I RIt wa s no t ed t ha t "no s i g n i f i c a n t VOC e m i s s i o n s were d e t e c t e da t t h e s u r f a c e o f t h e l agoon" ( R E I , I 9 8 6 a ) . H o w e v e r , tox-i c i t y i s a f u n c t i o n o f c o n t a m i n a n t c o n c e n t r a t i o n and r i skper concentrat ion. No ambient a ir q u a l i t y d a t a are p r e s e n t e d ;t h u s , no q u a n t i t a t i v e a s s e s s m e n t o f th e no-ac t ion a l t e r n a t i v er e l a t i v e to a irborne c o n t a m i n a n t can be made .A l a b o r a t o r y e x p e r i m e n t i n v o l v i n g s l u d g e : a d m i x o p t i m i z a t i o nwas r e p o r t e d t o incr ea s e th e r e l e a s e o f V O C s f r o m s l u d g e . Af a t e a n d t r a n s p o r t a n a l y s i s o f t h e a c tua l c o n t a m i n a n t sr e l e a s e d is r equ ir ed b e f o r e an a s s e s s m e n t on r i s k s to humanh e a l t h or the environment can be made .F O O DT h e d a t a f o r s e l e c t e d m e t a l s a n d P C B c o n c e n t r a t i o n i n f i s hf r o m t h e s u r f a c e wat er b o d i e s around t h e F r e n c h L i m i t e d s i t ei s p r e s e n t e d in T a b l e 3-14.B A C K G R O U N DNo ba ckground c o n c e n t r a t i o n s were i d e n t i f i e d and r e p o r t e d int h e R E I , 1 9 8 6 a , r e p o r t .

F A T _ £ _ _ A N D T R A N S P O R TG i v e n the nature o f c o n t a m i n a t i o n a t F r e n c h L i m i t e d and thep o t e n t i a l p a t h w a y s o f m i g r a t i o n , s e l e c t e d c h e m i c a l s werea s s e s s e d in terms of t h e i r behavior in s o i l s , g r o u n d w a t e r ,and a q u a t i c s y s t e m s . E m p h a s i s was p l a c e d on the m o b i l i t yand p e r s i s t e n c e o f each ch emi ca l . M o b i l i t y i s i m p o r t a n tbecause it d e t e r m i n e s the rate of chemical migra t i on awayf r o m the s i t e . P e r s i s t e n c e i s i m p o r t a n t because it de t er-mines if a chemical w i l l remain in the environment l ongenough to reach a r e c ep tor .

inoinoo

3-16

smartin

Rectangle

005959

T a b l e 3-9F R E N C H L I M I T E D U P P E R A L L U V I A L Z O N E D A T A

G E N E R A L G R G U N D W A T E R Q U A L I T Y

W e l l N o . DateG K - - 3

G W - 5 a

G K - 8G W - 9G W - 1 3 a

G W - 1 4 R a

G W - 1 5 a

G W « 1 5 ( d ) a

G W - 1 6G W - 1 9G W - 2 0G W - 2 2G W - 2 3G W - 2 4R E I - 3 - 1R E I - 3 - 2R E I - 3 - 3R E I - 6 - 1R E I - 6 - 2

0 4 / 1 9 / 8 31 1 / 2 9 / 8 30 7 / 1 7 / 8 40 4 / 2 0 / 8 31 1 / 3 0 / 8 30 7 / 1 9 / 8 4

0 4 / 8 30 4 / 8 311/83

0 7 / 1 9 / 8 411/831 1 / 8 31 1 / 8 31 1 / 8 3

0 7 / 1 9 / 8 41 1 / 8 31 1 / 8 31 1 / 8 3

0 4 / 2 4 / 8 40 7 / 1 9 / 8 40 4 / 2 4 / 8 40 7 / 1 9 / 8 40 7 / 1 7 / 8 40 7 / 1 7 / 8 40 7 / 1 7 / 8 40 7 / 1 7 / 8 40 7 / 0 3 / 8 4

• i - ' j . t i t . j . j . e

N A0.0700.022

N DNDND

2.1780.199

N DN DN DNDN DN D

0.030N D

0.006N DNDN DNDN DN D

0.211N D

54.0830.788

r t c i gN AN AN DN DN AN D

0.032NDN ANDN AimNAN ANANDNAN AN AN DNDN AMDl.DNDN D

0.406ND

B a s e / N e u tN Aim

MAw/^N DN DN A11 r\N D

0.1500.019

N AimN DN AimN AN AN Anr\N DN AimN A"»rtK i aitt\

0.047NDN AH f V

NDN DNDN D

0.1960.014

a U p g r a d i e n t w e l l r e l a t i v e t o t h e F r e n c h L i m i t e d s i t e .N D - N o t d e t e c t e d .N A - N o t a n a l y z e d .

( d ) - D u p l i c a t e s a m p l e *S o u r c e : R E I , 1986a; T a b l e 6-8.

D F W 6 A / 0 3 9

P e s t i c i d e /PCB

N AN AN DN DN AN DN DN DN ANDN AN AN AN AN DN AN AN AN AU*f\

NDN ANDN DNDN DNDN D

OvOOinoo

3-17

smartin

Rectangle

005960

T a b l e 3-10G R O E W D W A T E R Q U A L I T Y0PPER A L L U V I A L Z O N E - G E N E R A L O R G A N I C A N D I N O R G A N I C D A T A( m q r / L unl**it o t h e r v t w a s p e c i f i e d )

W e l l Mo.G J f - 3

GW-5*

GW-SGK-9GW-13 a

6W-14Ba

GW-15 a

6»-15|d)a

6 W - I S *G W - I 9

w GW-20t G H - 2 2t- GW-2300GW-24REI-3-1REI-3-2REI-3-3REI-6-1Average*

a Upgrac! i ent

Date04/19/830 7 / 1 7 / 8 404/20/831 1 / 3 0 / 8 30 7 / Z 9 / 8 404/83

04/8311/830 7 / 1 9 / 8 411/83

11/83H / 8 311/83

0 7 / 1 9 / 8 411/8311/8311/8304/24/84

07/19/8404/24/8407/19/840 7 / 1 7 / 8 40 7 / 1 7 / 8 40 7 / 1 7 / 8 40 7 / 1 7 / 8 4

well r e la t iv

pH(s.u.>6.26.4

NA5.45.9

NA6.56.26.8NA

N A6.46.45.8

NA6.76.87.16.5NA6.5NA

NAN A

NAN A

C o n d u c t i v i t y

607615

NA151175

NA2,380839

450NANA

205205108

NA1,7301,210

8791,600NA

790NANANA

NANA

2021.233.47.63149

699.825.8

10.210.355

23.235.83.9

7.5914.52

122613

_TOX0.0940. 280

NA0.0810.100NA2.95

ND0.097NA

0.0520.0610.0380.091

NA0.0490.0730.1200.139

N A0.099MANANA

NANA

P h e n o l l c sNA0.002NDND

NDND

0.1000.017NDND

O.OOINDN DNOND

0.0020.008ND0.004

ND0.004NDNDNDND

0.90

Chromionr Cop[>NANAND

0.013NA0.01ND

0.02NA0.01

NANANANAND

NANANAND0.04

NA0.05

NDNDNDND~o7oT

NANAND

0.004NA

0.03ND0.005NA0.02N A

NANAN A

0.02NA

NANANA0.03

NA0.02

NDN DN DN DO.OT

er LeadNANANDND

NANAND

0.006NAN A

NAN A

N AN A

NANANANAND

NANANANDNZ>

NDN D3.061 o.l

MercuryMANAND

O.QOO3NANDN DNDNA

N DN ANAN A

N ANDN A

NAN ANDND

NANDNE>NDNDND& T O

Molybdenum z t r wNA

MAND

NANAND

NANANAND

HANA

NANANDNA

NANANA

NDN ANDND

NDND1ET\

NANAWD

0.05NA0.0!

0.040.02NA0.01

NANANANAND

NANANAMA

0.03NA0.01NDNDNDND~o7oT

ND - Not detected.NA - Mot analyzed,(dl - Duplicate sample.

site.

REX, I 9 8 6 a ; T a b l e 6-10.* - Average is the t o t a l concentration of olZ samples a n a l y z e d d i v i d e d bythe number of s a m p l e s a n a l y z e d , nondetec t ion is assumed to be 0.

0 0 5 9 6

smartin

Rectangle

005961

T a b l e 3-11C H E M I C A L - S P E C I F I C G R O U N D W A T E R D A T A - O R G A N I C SC O N C E N T R A T I O N S O F G C / K S C O M P O I / N D S D E T E C T E D I K T H D O RUPPER A L L E F V I A L Z O N K G R U U N W A T E R S A M P L E S ( a g / L )

*t-«lO

CompoundBenzeneChloroe thaneC h l o r o f o r m1,1-dichloroe thaneI r 2~dichloroethaneEthyt benzeneMethylene chlorideTe t rach loroe thy leneTolueneJ^-transdSchloroethyleneT r i c f c l o r o e t h y l e n eVinyl chloride

GW-31 1 / 2 9 / 8 3

0.022NDND0.0230.025NDNDNDNDNDMDND

GW-30 7 / 1 7 / 8 4MDNDNO'ND0.022NDNDNDNDNDNDND

GW-804/830.1800.0450.0440.1300.4400.0250.0740.9100.0670.1800.0440.039

GW-904/830.100

NDNDNDN D0.068NDND

0.031NDNDND

G W - 1 S07/19/34NDNDNDNDNDN DNDND

0.019NDNDND

GM-2011/330.006

N D 'NDNDNDNDN DNDNDNDNDND

G W - 2 30 4 / 2 4 / 8 4NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND

REI-3-207/17/64NDND0.054MD

0.157NDNDNDNDNDNOND

REJ-6-I0 7 / 1 7 / 6 42.5300.01518.0000.919

21.2000.3701.4oO1.6400.2945,3700.7410.978

REI-6-207/03/840.121

NDN D 'NDN DND0.339ND0.024NDNOND

Average^0.2960.0061.8100.1072.1840.0460.1870.2550.0440.6050.0790.102

Phenolbi s(2-ethyl f a e x y l ) p h t h a l a t eNaphthalene

NDNDND

NDNDND

0.032ND

0.150

ND0.0130.006

NDNDND

ND"^ "Not detected or below method detection l eve l .ML - Current pub l i s h ed EPA method detec t ion l e v e l .Source: REI, I 9 S 6 a ; T a b l e 6-9.* - Average is the to'al concentration of all samples analyzed divided bythe number of samples analyzed, nondetectlon Is assunted to be 0.

NDNDND

ND0.018ND

NDNDND

0.406ND

0.196

NDNDND

0.0440.0030.035

D F H 6 A / 0 4 1

0 0 5 9 6 2

smartin

Rectangle

005962

T a b l e 3-12LOWER S I L T Y S A N D ZONE D A T AO B N K K A L G H O t r N D W A T K R Q U A L I T Y

unle s s otherwise s p e c i f i e d )

W e l l N o Date v o l a t i l e A c i d B a s e / N e u t r a l P e s t . / P C B TOC TOX P h e n o l i c sG W - 1 2 3

G»-25

wIeoo REI-3-4

REI-7

1 1 / 0 0 / 8 30 7 / 2 2 / 8 50 9 / 0 5 / 9 511/04/850 5 / 2 2 / 8 40 7 / 0 3 / 8 407/18/8408/01/8509/05/851 1 / 0 4 / 8 51 1 / 2 1 / 8 50 7 / 1 5 / 8 508/30/851 1 / 0 4 / 8 50 7 / 1 5 / 8 508/30/8511/04/85

N DN B £ N D )

N D0.020

NDNDNA

0.396 ( 3 . 2 5 5 )0.023

N DX X ( 0 . 0 2 3 2 )

N D ( N D )NDND

0 . 0 1 4 C N D )NDND

N AN D ( N A )

N DNDNANANA

Q . 2 G 7 ( N A }ND

0.161N A ( N A )

N D ( N A )0.0360.003

N D ( N A )0.017

ND

N AND

0.0140.033

NANANA

G . 0 7 6 C N A )ND

0.045N A ( N D )

0 . 0 2 8 ( N A )0.0170.018

N D ( N A )m>0.014

N AN DN DN DNAN AN ANDNDND

N A C N A J

N DN DNDNDNDND

5.9NAN AN AN D6,6

3NANANANA

N AN AN A

NANAN A

0.058N AN AN A

0.120.033

N ANANAN ANA

NAN AN A

MAN AN A

NDN AN AN A

0.0020.005

NDN AN ANAN A

N AN AN A

N AN AN A

Oipgradient well r e la t ive to the French Limited s i te.This sasaple was analyzed for chromium, copper , mercury, molybdenum,, and zinc; r e su l t s were all ND,ND - Not d e t e c t ed .NA - Hot a n a l y z e d ,£ ) - Numbers in paren the s i s are for s p l i t s ampl e r e s u l t s .

XX - S a m p l e broken in s h i p m e n t ; on ly s p l i t s a m p l e r e s u l t s a v a i l a b l e .Source: R E I , 1986a; T a b l e 6-11.D F W 6 A / 0 4 2

0 0 5 9 6 3

smartin

Rectangle

005963

T a b l e 3-13LOWER S I L T * S A H D Z O N E D A T A - S P E C I F I C O R G A N I Cc o N a : K T B * T i < r * o r H C / K S C O M W O N W b i m T r a t n T W O O R M O R E F R E N C H L I M I T E D S I T EG O G U N U H A T E P S A M P L E S C w j / t . )

GJI

Coo poundBenzene1 , 1 - d l c t i l e n e t i u u t e1 , 2 - t H c h Z o r o e t h a n eEthyl benzeneT e t r s c t t l o r o e t f t y SerieT o l u e n e1 , 2 - t r a n s d l c h l o r o e t h y l e T i eTr t c h l o c o e t t i y lenevinyl c h l o r i d ePhenolf r i s C I - e t b y l h e x y l t p h t h a l a t eN a p h t h a l e n e

G W - 1 207/ 2 2 / 8 5N D C N D I "N D ( N D IN D ( N D IN D ( N O IN D E N D )N D C N D >N D ( N D )N D C N D lN O ( N D >H O ( N A J

0.045 *WUN D C N A >

G H - 1 20 9 / 0 5 / 9 5NDNDNDNONDNDNDNDNDND

0.014ND

G H - t JH / 0 4 / 8 5NDNDNDNO«D0.020NDNDWDHD

0.033ND

CM- 25oe/o t /as0.063

0 . 1 1 5 ( N D t0.046 ( N D I0.007 ( N D IN D { N D )0.018 ( N D !N D ( H D >N D ( N O !0.1490.20? 1 N A J0 . 0 7 1 { N A f0.004 ( N A >

G M - 2 50 9 / 0 5 / 8 5NDNDNDKDMOND0.005ND0.013NDNDND

G H - 2 5H / 0 4 / 8 5NE>NOHDNDHDNDWDNOND

0.1610.045ND

G W - 2 51 1 / 3 1 / 8 5O.CiOSO.QOT

NONDNO0.0050.006HDHDHANON!>

R E I - J - 4O T / 1 5 / 8 5N D ( N D VN D ( N D )N D ( N D )N D E N D )H O E N D *N D ( N D tN D ( H D )N D ( N D )N D E N D !N D ( M A )

0.029 ( N A )H D ( N A )

R E E - J - 40 8 / 3 0 / 8 5

HDNDNDNDHONDNDNONO

O . O J S0.017ND

s e i-j-41 1 / 0 4 / 8 SHDNDNDNDHDNDNDNDKD

O.OOJ0.01S

ND

H E I - 7O T / 1 5 / 8 5N D ( N O )N O ( N t HH D ( N D )N D ( N D IMD (NDIN D ( N D tN D ( N 0 (Q.nos I N D IN O ! N D lN D ( H A ) 'N O ( K A lH D ( N A t

REI-7Q 8 / ) Q i / 8 S

NDNONONDNDNDNDNDND

0.018NDND

R E I - 71 1 / 0 4 / 8 5

NDNDNDNDKDNDNDNDHOND

0.014ND

ND - Hot detected or belov n e t f i o d d e t e c t i o n l e v e l .KA - Not analyzed.( I - Numbers in parenthesi s are for s p l i t s a m p l e re su l t s .Source: REI, i 9 S 6 a ; T a b l e 6-12 .

0 0 5 9 6 4

smartin

Rectangle

005964

\\\\20 30 40

S t f G H T C O N T A M I N A T I O N

0G W 1 3 ?

G U L F P U M P R O A DH E A V Y C O N T A M f N A T t O N

R I V E R D A L ES U B D I V I S I O N

S L I G H T C O N T A M I N A T I O NU

- SltGHT CONTAMINAliON \\( P O I E N T t A U Y FROM ( A N D F I UA N D / O R F R E N C H L T D )

H A R R I S C O U N T YI t A N D F f l t

— . _ — _ , .t — — — — — - 1 — — — — — £ —

• MONITOR WELLO SOIL BORING© B O R I N G A N D W E L L i . S f l O F*eir: *r.~n

10' 200 3100 WHB«S

Source:Remedial I n v e s t i g a t i o n Repor tL o c k w o o d , A n d r e w s & N e w n a r n , I n cA p r i l 1985

F i g u r e 3-2A P P R O X I M A T E A R E A O FG R O U N D W A T E RF R E N C H L I M I T E D S f T E

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T a b l e 3-14F I S H T I S S U E A N A L Y S I S

F i s h i n g H o l eU . S . 9 0Lake south o f s i t eLake in R i v e r d a l e

S a m p l e S a m p l e R e s u l t s * ( u g / k g w e t )Location____ F i s h T y p e

Blue G i l lLarge S u n F i s hL a r g e m o u t h BassB l u e g i l lA v e r a g e

* S o u r c e - L A N , 1985; T a b l e 4-29N o t e - O n l y those f i s h s p e c i e s l i k e l y to be consumed by humana are l i s t e d

O F W 6 A / C 7 0

Number

F T O SP T 0 7F T O SF T 0 9

PCS C o p j j e j r Mercury

106392180103141

150150170U P140

<210<250<230<2_3_0<230

Zinc

6,7004,8505,3506,7106,030

NO

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T a b l e 3-15 l i s t s some of the impor tant p h y s i c a l - c h e m i c a lp r o p e r t i e s o f s e l e c t ed chemical s f ound a t F r e n c h L i m i t e d .The p r o p e r t i e s of the metal ind i ca t or s are not i n c l u d e dbecause they are not as relevant in d e t e r m i n i n g the irenvironmental behavior, I n a d d i t i o n , p r o p e r t i e s l ik es o l u b i l i t y can vary s i g n i f i c a n t l y d e p e n d i n g upon a number off a c t o r s , i n c l u d i n g p H , metal c o n c e n t r a t i o n / o x ida t i on-r e d u c t i o n p o t e n t i a l , soil t y p e , and the presence o fc o m p e t i n g and c o m p l e x i n g ions ,It i s i m p o r t a n t t o note that the a c t u a l m i g r a t i o n and f a t eo f the c o n t a m i n a n t s d e p e n d l a r g e l y on the p h y s i c a l - c h e m i c a lf e a t u r e s c f t h e s i t e such a s t e m p e r a t u r e , p H , p er c en t soilm o i s t u r e , g e o c h e m i s t r y , soil t y p e , a n d o x i d a t i o n - r e d u c t i o np o t e n t i a l . D i s c u s s i o n s on d e g r a d a t i o n o f c o n t a m i n a n t s mustbe u n d e r s t o o d to r e p r e s e n t current l a b o r a t o r y re search w i t hl i t t l e a c t u a l s i t e s t u d y . Other f a c t o r s t h a t must b e con-s i d e r e d are p o t e n t i a l r e a c t i o n s be tween c h e m i c a l s and thef o r m a t i o n o f t r a n s f o r m a t i o n b y p r o d u c t s . F o r e x a m p l e , u n d e rc e r t a i n c o n d i t i o n s t r i c h l o r o e t h e n e i s b e l i e v e d to break downto the "cis" f o r m of d i c h l o r o e t h e n e and then to v inyl chlor-ide. Each of the b y p r o d u c t s are compounds that could pos© ah e a l t h threat to r e c ep tor s . It i s beyond the scope o f t h i sp r o j e c t to research the m i g r a t i o n and f a t e o f al l the bypro-d u c t s ; however, the ir s i g n i f i c a n c e should be r e cognized.It i s convenient to group the chemica l s by t h e i r character*i s t i c s : v o l a t i l e organic s , p h e n o l i c c o m p o u n d s , p h t h a l a t e sa n d p o l y n u c l e a r aromat i c hydrocarbons ( P N A ' s ) , p e s t i c i d e sa n d P C B ' s , a n d m e t a l s . T r a n s p o r t a n d f a t e o f t h e ind i ca t o rch emica l s are based on a l i t e r a t u r e review and s i te character-i s t i c s . Due to the r e l a t i v e l y l i m i t e d l i t e r a t u r e a v a i l a b l eand the many e s t i m a t e s and a s s u m p t i o n s nece s sary, the trans-port and f a t e p r e s e n t e d here are general d i s c u s s i o n s only.A c t u a l t ran spor t and f a t e may vary g r e a t l y ,

V o l a t i l e o rgani c s were d e t e c t e d in the soil and g r o u n d w a t e rs a m p l e s . V o l a t i l e o r g a n i c s e xh ib i t h i g h m o b i l i t y a n d a r et h e r e f o r e most l i k e l y to be l ea ched out of the c o n t a m i n a t e ds o i l .U n d e r e x i s t i n g s i t e c o n d i t i o n s , t h e v o l a t i l e o r g a n i c s w i l ll e a c h f r o m t h e l a g o o n s u b s o i l s a n d s u r r o u n d i n g s o i l s in tot h e g r o u n d w a t e r a n d s l o w l y m i g r a t e . I f aerobic c o n d i t i o n se x i s t , benzene and t r i c h l o r o e t h e n e may e x p e r i e n c e somed e g r a d a t i o n pr ior to d i s c h a r g e into nearby s u r f a c e waterb o d i e s . The amount o f d e g r a d a t i o n i s a f u n c t i o n not only o fthe e x i s t i n g c o n d i t i o n s but a l s o o f the travel time of thec o n t a m i n a n t s f r o m the ir po in t o f or igin to the s u r f a c ewater. The travel times to reach the s u r f a c e waters w i l lvary g r e a t l y d e p e n d i n g upon the c ompound , soil p r o p e r t i e s ,

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F t e n o l i e Coaprtum^W i e n o lP e n t a c h l o r o p h e n o l

1 3 £ y & l £ t £ £ j i n J j £ H ' s8 l s ( 2 - 6 t h y l h s X y i ) p n t h a i a tN a p h t h a l e n eB 6 r i 2 o ( a ) p y r e n e

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aS o i l i n g p o i n t at 760 torr,b torr * 1 tm o£ mercury (Hy).

Ko* a o c tano l -wa t er p a r t i t i o n c o e f f i c i e n t .vapor p r e s s u r e / s o l u b i l i t y at 20*C.

e »^ * s o i l * v a t e r p a r t i t i o n c o e f f i c i e n tf K dVapor p r e s s u r e / s o l u b i l i t y at 25 0C.

5 V a p o r p r e s s u r e / s o l u b i l i t y @ 11S*CVapor p r e s s u i r e / s o l u b i l i t y @ ? 0 ° C .

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t h e h y d r a u l i c c o n d u c t i v i t y , a n d t h e t rave l d i s t a n c e . T h ev o l a t i l e s that reach th e s u r f a c e water s shou ld r e a d i l y vol-a t i l i z e i f environmental c o n d i t i o n s ( e . g . , t e m p e r a t u r e ) a r ef a v o r a b l e . Once in the a t m o s p h e r e , the v o l a t i l e ^ may d e g r a d evia p h o t o o x i d a t i o n . The v o l a t i l e s may not be f o u n d in h i g hconcen tra t i on s in th e o f f s i t e s u r f a c e water s ed iment s .P h e n o l i c C o m p o u n d sD e g r a d a t i o n o f p h e n o l w i t h i n t h e g r o u n d w a t e r w i l l most l i k e l yoccur c o n s i d e r i n g t h e b i o d e g r a d a b i l i t y o f p h e n o l . M i g r a t i o nto the s u r f a c e wa t e r s i s e x p e c t e d to be r a p i d c o n s i d e r i n gt h e g r o u n d w a t e r v e l o c i t i e s a n d r e t a r d a t i o n c o e f f i c i e n t f o rp h e n o l . Once in the s u r f a c e wa t er s p h e n o l s h o u l d d e g r a d emore r a p i d l y since aerat ion enhances the r e d u c t i o n of pheno lby microorgani sms .V o l a t i l i z a t i o n o f pheno l w i l l not be s i g n i f i c a n t , nor w i l ls o r p t i o n in s u r f a c e water s e d i m e n t s .Ph.tha l a t e s _ _ a n d _ _ P A H _ | _ sT h e p h t h a l a t e s a n d P A H ' s f o u n d i n s u b s u r f a c e soil s a m p l e sa l l have l o w s o l u b i l i t i e s a n d h i g h s o i l - w a t e r p a r t i t i o nc o e f f i c i e n t s . Once in the g r o u n d w a t e r , t h e s e c o m p o u n d s areno t e x p e c t e d t o m i g r a t e w i t h i n the a q u i f e r due t o t h e i ra f f i n i t y f o r a d s o r p t i o n .D e g r a d a t i o n w i l l most l i k e l y occur since b i o d e g r a d a t i o n i s as i g n i f i c a n t mechanism i n t h e u l t i m a t e f a t e o f t h e p h t h a l a t ee s t ers . V o l a t i l i z a t i o n o f t h e p h t h a l a t e s a n d n a p t h t h a l e n ew i l l not be a s i g n i f i c a n t p a t h w a y since they have very lowvapor pre s sure s . The compounds shou ld not be able to migra t et o s u r f a c e water s e d i m e n t s e x c e p t in trace q u a n t i t i e s un l e s st h e r e i s d i r e c t r u n o f f or d i s c h a r g e . Once in the s u r f a c ewa t e r t h e p h t h a l a t e s a n d P A H ' s w i l l a d s o r b r e a d i l y a n d tendto p e r s i s t in the s e d i m e n t s ,P e s t i c i d e s ^ and. P C B ' sP e s t i c i d e s o r P C B ' s r e a d i l y adsorb t o s e d i m e n t s * T h e P C B ' sin the soil and s l u d g e s would tend to be p e r s i s t e n t , wi thsome d e g r a d a t i o n occurring through v o l a t i l i z a t i o n , p h o t o l -ys i s , and b i o d e g r a d a t i o n . S u b s u r f a c e d e g r a d a t i o n would bel i m i t e d . S i n c e P C B ' s r e a d i l y adsorb t o soil a n d have l o ws o l u b i l i t i e s , they would not e a s i l y leach into the ground-w a t e r , and even t h e n , wou ld not be e x p e c t e d to migra t ew i t h i n t h e u n i t ,M e t a l sS i n c e m e t a l s w i l l no t v o l a t i l i z e , the on ly means o f m i g r a t i o nf r o m s u r f a c e soil is by r u n o f f or dust transport* M e t a l s in

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the s u b s u r f a c e w i l l most l i k e l y adsorb to the s o i l , but theym a y de sorb a n d s o l u b i l i z e i f t h e c o n d i t i o n s ( p H , e t c . ) o ft h e l e a c h i n g water ar e a p p r o p r i a t e . All o f t h e m e t a l s w i l lbe h i g h l y p e r s i s t e n t in g r o u n d w a t e r and w i l l m i g r a t e verys l o w l y , i f a t a l l , w i th in t h e water-bear ing u n i t s . S o r p t i o nand, in some cases, p r e c i p i t a t i o n reac t ions ( e . g . , arsenicand l e a d ) may act to d r a m a t i c a l l y reduce d i s s o l v e d concen-t r a t i o n s . Organic s pre s en t in the groundwa t e r may c ompl e xmany of the m e t a l s and reduce their t endency to ad sorb;c o m p e t i t i o n between m e t a l s and o ther ions may have the samee f f e c t .M e t a l s t ha t do reach th e s u r f a c e w a t e r s w i l l tend t o concen-t r a t e in the s e d i m e n t s . S o r p t i o n r ea c t i on s w i l l be evens t r o n g e r due to an increase in pH and o x i d a t i o n p o t e n t i a l .The p e r s i s t e n c e o f t h e m e t a l s in t h e s u r f a c e wa t er and s ed i-m e n t s w i l l b e d e t e r m i n e d b y h i g h f l o w event s t h a t t r a n s p o r ts e d i m e n t s away f r o m t h e s i t e . S o m e p o t e n t i a l e x i s t s f o r t h eb i o t r a n s f o r m a t i o n o f ar s eni c a n d l e a d .

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S e c t i o n 4R E Q U I R E M E N T S , S T A N D A R D S A N D C R I T E R I A C O M P A R I S O N

C o n s i s t e n t w i t h C E R C L A , a s amended by SARA, and the N a t i o n a lC o n t i n g e n c y P l a n ( N C P ) , t h e concentrat ions o f chemical s werecompared to a p p l i c a b l e or r e l e v a n t and a p p r o p r i a t e ( s t a n -d a r d s , c r i t e r i a , a n d g u i d e l i n e s ) r e q u i r e m e n t s . T h e p u r p o s eof th i s compari son i s to assess s i t e c h a r a c t e r i s t i c s a g a i n s te s t a b l i s h e d s t a n d a r d s , g u i d a n c e s , or advi sorie s . The rel-evant or a p p r o p r i a t e s t a n d a r d s to be u t i l i z e d for the d e t e r m -i n a t i o n o f th e d e g r e e o f c l e a n u p , in accordance w i thS e c t i o n 121b of C E R C L A as amended by SARA, w i l l be es tab-l i s h e d by EPA as part o f th e F e a s i b i l i t y S t u d y . " A p p l i c a b l e "r e q u i r e m e n t s means tho s e f e d e r a l r e q u i r e m e n t s t ha t w o u l d b el e g a l l y a p p l i c a b l e , w h e t h e r d i r e c t l y , o r a s i n c o r p o r a t e d b ya f e d e r a l l y au thor i z ed s t a t e program, i f th e ac t i ons werenot u n d e r t a k e n pursuant to C E R C L A . "Relevant and A p p r o p r i -ate" r e q u i r e m e n t s are tho s e d e s i g n e d t o a p p l y t o p r o b l e m ss u f f i c i e n t l y s i m i l a r t o tho s e encount er ed a t C E R C L A s i t e sthat the ir a p p l i c a t i o n i s a p p r o p r i a t e , a l t h o u g h they wouldnot be l e g a l l y a p p l i c a b l e . Other s t a n d a r d s , c r i t e r i a ,a d v i s o r i e s or g u i d a n c e t ha t may be u s e f u l in a s s e s s i n g theq u a l i t y o f t h e a f f e c t e d m e d i a a r e a l s o c o n s i d e r e d *A p p l i c a b l e or re levant and a p p r o p r i a t e r equirement s for wateri n c l u d e M a x i m u m C o n t a m i n a n t L i m i t s ( M C L ' s ) , M a x i m u m Contam-i n a n t L i m i t G o a l s ( M C L G ' s ) , f e d e r a l ambient wat er q u a l i t yc r i t e r i a , and f e d e r a l l y approved s ta t e s t a n d a r d s . Otheradv i s o r i e s to be considered i n c l u d e h e a l t h adv i sor i e se s t a b l i s h e d under t h e S a f e D r i n k i n g W a t e r A c t ( S D W A ) . T h eSDWA h e a l t h a d v i s o r i e s were d e v e l o p e d by EPA to serve asgu idance for d r i n k i n g water s u p p l i e r s on chemica l s that arenot f e d e r a l l y r e g u l a t e d . It i s re levant and a p p r o p r i a t e tocompare g r o u n d w a t e r to the d r i n k i n g water r equ i r emen t s andg u i d a n c e . T h e c o m p a r i s o n o f r e q u i r e m e n t s , s t a n d a r d s a n dc r i t e r ia to lagoon water is u s e f u l as an i n d i c a t i o n of con-tamina t i on . No one is known to curr en t ly use the lagoonwater r e g u l a r l y f o r d r i n k i n g p u r p o s e s .

LAGOON W A T E RM a x i m u m a n d average c o n c e n t r a t i o n s o f b e n z e n e , c h l o r o f o r m ,1 , 2 - d i c h l o r o e t h a n e , 1 , 1 - d i c h l o r o e t h a n e , 1 , 1 - d i c h l o r o e t h e n e ,t r i c h l o r o e t h e n e , and vinyl ch l or id e exceed or equal e i thert h e S a f e D r i n k i n g W a t e r A c t M C L ' s ( T a b l e 4 - 1 ) . M a x i m u m a n daverage c o n c e n t r a t i o n s o f t r a n s - l ^ - d i c h l o r o e t h a n e exceedt h e S a f e D r i n k i n g W a t e r A c t M C L G ' s . T e t r a c h l o r o e t h e n e max-imum and average concentrations exceed the C l e a n W a t e r Actc r i t e r i a for human h e a l t h 10- excess l i f e t i m e cancer risk.

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tioC currentlr «**<* W9»l«rlr for OrinklD? purposes.° « C F R I * l , « 7 F R 10998; (torch 1 2 , 1982.^40' CFR 141 fr HI, SO PR 46902; Kovembei: 13, 1985.~K> CFR £43, 44 FR «198; J u l y 19, 1979.?40 CFR I t l , 50 FR «6»36; November L3, 1985.Only total chro*tu* reported.*Based oa s t i n t f & r d Eor t o t a l T r L h a l o w ? C h a t \ * s .* * C r l t e t l a s e t f o r s.11 earcLnoge tr t c ? W f ' s a t O.OOJ1ortree/ooT

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F R E N C H L I M I T E D S I T E : T a b l e 4-iR E Q U I R E M E N T S , S T A N D A R D S A N D C R I T E R I A C O M P A R I S O NL A U K X I

Compawitli NameO R G W I C Sy o l a t t l e sESenzeneChloro form1 r l-Dichloroethane1 , 2-DIcbloroetbane1,1-DlcbloroetheneTrans-i,2-DlchloroetbeiaeEttoylbenaeneTetrachloroetheneTolueneT r l c h l o r o e t h e n eVinyl ChlorideB a s e / N ' e u t r a l sXcenapSthene^ BenzoCaJl Anthreccneu> B l s ( 2 - e t h y l h e j c f I I P h t h a l a t ®ChryseneFluoranthenefluoreneJ f a p b t h a l e n ePhenantbrenePyreneJ E S Q R G A M I C SCl troDltn

Lead

French Limi t edMaximumContaminantConcentrat ionu g / L

1,500390'210190

13350175863

410110180

26O2803901706305707201,300740

L&goora HaterAverageConta*ir.antConcentration\ig/L

75019710597

71759

29322055590

13014019585315285360650370

Clean H a t e r Act - H a t e rKunan H e a l t hDrlnkina MaterT o x l c l t y Excess L l f e t i o f tProtect I M S Cancer R l s f c

0.670.190.94

0.033

2,400 0.8815,000 2.82

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Q u a l i t y C r i t e r i a 'Incest tono f A q u a t i cOrganisa

4015.72431.85

3,2808-85424,00080.7525

0.3110.311

0.54

0.3110.311

y (ug/EJ

A g u a t l cA c u t e

5,30028,900

30,300

32,0005,280'17,50045,000

11,100

2,300

M f eChronic

1,240

840

3

620

20

2070

10

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^Section 304 CKAr 45 FR 79318-79379; November X980.c bnjy total chrwalun reported.•Based on standard for total trthalomethanes.**Crtterla se t for al l carcinogenic PftH's at 0.0031 u g / L .

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The c o m p a r i s o n m a d e f or th e inorgani c s in th e lagoon water( T a b l e 4 - 1 ) show that maximum c o n c e n t r a t i o n s o f l ead a p p r o a c ht h e propo s ed M C L G . A l l other c o n s t i t u e n t s present a r e belowa v a i l a b l e cr i t er ia .F I S H I N G _ H O L E

N o c h e m i c a l - s p e c i f i c c o m p a r i s o n o f t h e f i s h i n g ho l e water t or e q u i r e m e n t s or c r i t e r i a can be made since no chemical con-c e n t r a t i o n d a t a were a v a i l a b l e .6 R O U M D W A T J 5 R*^H«4"-««W^^HMH«cH^v4»4B*B*A

The c o n s t i t u e n t s and c o n t a m i n a n t s pre s ent in groundwat er cana l s o be compared to e x i s t i n g requirements and g u i d a n c e( T a b l e s 4-2 and 4 - 3 ) .For th e u p p e r a l l u v i a l zone g r o u n d w a t e r , several contami-nant s exceeded S a f e D r i n k i n g W a t e r A c t M C L ' s j maximum a n daverage c o n c e n t r a t i o n s o f b e n z e n e , c h l o r o f o r m , 1,2-d i c h l o r o e t h a n e , t r a n s ~ l , 2 - d i c h l o r e t h l e n e , t r i c h i o r o e t h l e n e .vinyl c h l o r i d e , and p h e n o l . M a x i m u m and average concentra-t i o n s o f t e t r a c h l o r o e t h e n e 6 @ x c e e d t h e C l e a n W a t e r A c t cri-t e r i a f or human h e a l t h 10- excess l i f e t i m e cancer ri sk.N o t e t h a t t h e w e l l s in t h e R i v e r d a l e S u b d i v i s i o n d id no tcontain organi c s above the d e t e c t i o n l i n u t s .For the lower s i l t y sand zone g r o u n d w a t e r , maximum andaverage c onc en t ra t i on s o f several c on taminant s exceed S a f eD r i n k i n g W a t e r A c t N C L ' s : maximum a n d average eoncentra~t i o n s o f benzene, 1 , 2 - d i c h l o r o e t h a n e , t r i c h l o r o e t h y l e n e , andvinyl c h l o r i d e .

O T H E RA s t a n d a r d s c o m p a r i s o n a n a l y s i s was not made for soil sinceEPA does not have such requirements or c r i t e r ia .

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II S e c t i o n 5E X P O S U R E A N D R I S K A S S E S S M E N T

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I N T R O D U C T I O NT h i s a s s e s sment c h a r a c t e r i z e s and eva lua t e s e x i s t i n g andp o t e n t i a l e f f e c t s t h a t c h e m i c a l s a t t h e F r e n c h L i m i t e d s i t emay have upon human h e a l t h and the environment under the noa c t i o n a l t e r n a t i v e . T h e n o a c t i o n a l t e r n a t i v e r e f e r s t o t h es i t u a t i o n where no c o r r e c t i v e a c t i o n s are t a k e n , and no re-s t r i c t i o n s ar e p l a c e d on th e f u t u r e uses o f t h e s i t e . Forc l a r i t y , t h i s d i s c u s s i o n i s d i v i d e d in t o a s t u d y o f t h e p o -t e n t i a l e f f e c t s o n t h e p u b l i c h e a l t h a n d w e l f a r e a t t r i b u t e dt o c h e m i c a l s c o n t a i n e d i n s p e c i f i c e n v i r o n m e n t a l m e d i a , i.e.,s o i l , s e d i m e n t , s u r f a c e water , and groundwat er .A p r i m a r y goal o f t h e f o l l o w i n g e x p o s u r e and r iak as s e s smenti s t o a s c e r t a i n th e d e g r e e o f r i sk t o p u b l i c h e a l t h f r o m t h ec h e m i c a l s a t t h e s i t e , T o a c c o m p l i s h t h i s , t h e c o n t a m i n a n tsources r e l e a s e s ( p r e s e n t a n d f u t u r e ) , e x p o s e d p o p u l a t i o n s( e x i s t i n g and p o t e n t i a l ) , and route s o f e x p o s u r e must b ed e f i n e d a s f u l l y a s p o s s i b l e . I n a d d i t i o n , t h e t o x i c o l o g -ical c h a r a c t e r i s t i c s o f th e c h e m i c a l s must b e a d d r e s s e d .T h e f o l l o w i n g w i l l d i s c u s s t h e p o t e n t i a l l y exposed popu-l a t i o n s a n d t h e i r r e l a t i o n s h i p t o t h ? source a n d / o r r e l e a s ec o n t a m i n a t i o n * Route s o f e x p o s u r e w i l l a l s o b e covered.T h e t o x i c o l o g i c a l c h a r a c t e r i s t i c s o f c h e m i c a l s c o n s i d e r e d t obe of concern w i l l be d i s c u s s e d .F o r a r i s k o f a n a d v e r s e e f f e c t t o e x i s t f r o m a n y c h e m i c a l s ,the f o l l o w i n g c r i t e r ia must be met:

o A source of the chemical must e x i s t .o The c o n t a m i n a n t must be r e l e a s e d f r o m the source.o A r e c e p t o r for the r e l e a s e o f the c o n t a m i n a n t muste x i s t .o T r a n s p o r t of the contaminant f r o m the source to ar e c e p t o r must occur.o E x p o s u r e o f the r e c e p t o r at a l e v e l s u f f i c i e n t top r o d u c e a n a d v e r s e e f f e c t must take p l a c e .

N o t e t ha t i n t h i s i n s t a n c e , a n adver s e e f f e c t r e f e r s t o t h et o x i c o l o g i c a l e f f e c t s that would result f r o m exposure t o th ec h e m i c a l .P O T E N T I A L H E A L T H E F F E C T S

T h i s s e c t i on p r e s e n t s some o f t h e general t o x i c o l o g i c a le f f e c t s tha t c a n r e su l t f r o m expo sure t o s e l e c t e d c h e m i c a l s

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f o u n d a t t h e F r e n c h L i m i t e d s i t e . I t i s n o t t h e p u r p o s e o ft h i s s e c t i o n t o r e s t a t e t h e t o x i c o l o g i c a l l i t e r a t u r e a v a i l -able for these chemical.?. Summarie s o f the t o x i c o l o g i c a ld a t a f o r various c h e m i c a l s a r e c on ta ined w i t h i n t h e " H e a l t hE f f e c t s A s s e s s m e n t " d o c u m e n t s a v a i l a b l e f r o m t h e O f f i c e o fEmergency a n d R e m e d i a l R e s p o n s e a n d t h e " C h e m i c a l , P h y s i c a l ,and B i o l o g i c a l P r o p e r t i e s o f C o m p o u n d s P r e s e n t a t H a z a r d o u sW a s t e S i t e s " f r o m t h e O f f i c e o f W a s t e Programs E n f o r c e m e n t( U . S . E P A 1 9 8 5 g ) ,T a b l e 5-1 p r e s e n t s a summary o f th e g e n e r a l t o x i c o l o g i c a lc a t e g o r i e s into which s e l e c t e d c h e m i c a l s d e t e c t e d a t th eF r e n c h L i m i t e d s i t e f a l l . T h i s i s based o n a summary pre-pared b y t h e O f f i c e o f W a s t e P r o g r a m s E n f o r c e m e n t ( U . S . E P A1 9 8 S g ) . T a b l e 5 - 2 summarize s s p e c i f i c t o x i c o l o g i c a l e f f e c t st h a t c a n r e s u l t f r o m e x p o s u r e t o t h e s e l e c t e d c h e m i c a l s .O n l y a c o u p l e o f p o l l u t a n t s d e t e c t e d were w i t h o u t a n a c c e p t -a b l e d a i l y i n t a k e ( A D D , recommended maximum c o n t a m i n a n tl e v e l ( R M C L 1 , a c c e p t a b l e intake f o r chronic exposure ( A I C ) ,or c a r c i n o g e n i c p o t e n c y v a l u e . T a b l e 5-3 l i s t s tho s e com-p o u n d s which are c o n s i d e r e d to be c a r c i n o g e n i c and the w e i g h to f e v i d e n c e s u p p o r t i n g t h e s e c l a s s i f i c a t i o n s i s a l s o pre-s en t ed .

E X P O S U R E R O U T E SE x p o s u r e r o u t e s t h a t c u r r e n t l y o r m i g h t in t h e f u t u r e e x i s thave been l i s t e d in T a b l e 5-4. No known e x c l u s i o n s or re-s t r i c t i o n s e x i s t on use o f the s i t e or a d j a c e n t p r o p e r t i e s .For t h i s reason, a c o n s e r v a t i v e as s e s sment o f the no-act iona l t e r n a t i v e u t i l i z i n g a r e s i d e n t i a l e x p o s u r e s c enario i sc o n s i d e r e d in t h i s a s s e s s m e n t . A r e c e p t o r could becomee x p o s e d to c h a m i c a l s f r o m the s i t e by the ir i n g e s t i o n ,i n h a l a t i o n , o r t h r o u g h dermal a b s o r p t i o n .C A R C I N O G E N I C E F F E C T ST h e a p p r o p r i a t e t e c h n i q u e f o r q u a n t i f y i n g t h e e f f e c t s o f ac a r c i n o g e n i c ch emi ca l in an e n v i r o n m e n t a l medium upon thehuman p o p u l a t i o n is to c a l c u l a t e an excess l i f e t i m e cancerr i sk ( U . S . E P A , 1 9 8 5 b ) . F o r e x a m p l e , a c a l c u l a t e d r i sk o f1 x 10-6 r e p r e s e n t s an i n c r e a s e in the i n c i d e n c e of cancerby one case per every m i l l i o n p e o p l e e x p o s e d to a p a r t i c u l a rch emica l over a l i f e t i m e c ompared a g a i n s t no e x p o s u r e tos i t e c o n t a m i n a n t s . T h e e q u a t i o n f o r e s t i m a t i n g e x c e s sl i f e t i m e cancer r i s k i s shown be low.

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B*fii»nel*nic <*; anthraceneCopperChrysen*ChroaiucDOTK * p t o c h i o rtiacH i r . t u lP C B ' sT e t r a c f c l o r o e t h e n eT T i c h l o r o e t h a n *line

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*A4opt«d f r o a " C h a a l c a l , P h y s i c a l , and B i o l o g i c a l P r o p e r t i e so f Cct tpcunds Present a t H a i a r d K a s l e S i t e " O f f i c e o f Ha*1.* ProgramsE n f o r c e m e n t , { O W E ) U . S . EPA 1985. C r i t e r i a p T e n a n t e d balov i s thatci OWE. AT. "X" ind i ca t e s the ch on l e a l K e a t s the c r i t e r i a o u t l i n e db y O W f E f o r t h e p a r t i c u l a r t ox i c e f f e c t c l a s s i f i c a t i o n . T h e la ckcf s "X" under a c l a s s i f i c a t i o n does not ne c e s sar i ly i » p l y that thecbeeic*! can not have a t ox i c e f f e c t . T h i s is not a e n p l e U surveyor the chasicals f o u n d at the s i t e ,

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A cowpevAd is c l a s s i f i e d as car c inogen i c if It is a koovn or su spec t ed humancarcinogen, if it has been shovn to be carcinogenic at a par t i cu lar s i t e in sore than oneapecie s or set in an an I Hal b i o & u a y , or if it has been shovn to increase the incidenceof B i t s - s p e c i f i c m a l i g n a n t tuaors in a s i n g l e species or s e x , and there is as t a t i s t i c a l l y s i g n i f i c a n t do se-re sponse r e l a t i o n s h i p in lore than ona exposed group.( T h i s c l a s s i f i c a t i o n is not nece s sari ly the sa»e as p r e s e n t e d by 1ARC of CAGin T a b l e 2 - 2 ) .C t t t t B t c A l s a r e c l a s s i f i e d a s t e r t t og en s a n d r e p r o d u c t i v e toxins I f there i s s u g g e s t i v eevidence of an e f f e c t in husans or if at least one s tudy in vho l e a n i m a l s is e l e a r l yp o s i t i v e . Onaupported in vitro evidence i s considered s u f f i c i e n t to c l a s s i f y a cheaicalas a reproduct ive t o x i c i t y / t e r a t o g e n l c i t y hazard.A €he»i ca i is c l a s s i f i e d as autagenic if it has g iven a p o s i t i v e r e s u l t In at l eas t oneof the Ruuubslian in vivo or bacterial or ataaaalian ce l l in vitro assays for a u t a g e n l c l t y .A eenpound v i l l be considered to be a c u t e l y t ox i c if it has an oral U> ^ < 100 e g / k g , anSO ^i n h a l a t i o n LC < 400 m g / a 3 , or a denrtal U) £ 400 rag / k g .

! be cons idered to cnuiie chroniC h e a t caU vll be cons idered to cnuiie chronic t o x i e i t y i f they cause serious i rr ever s i b l ee f f e c t s other than cancer or r e p r o d u c t i v e e f f e c t s a f t e r e x t ended exposure to oral dosesof less than loo a g / k g / d a y , i n h a l a t i o n concentrations l e g s than 400 k g / f t 3 ! or denialdoses l e s s than 100 f t g / k g / d a y .

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T a b l e 5-2 f?B9* 2 Of 21E F F B C T S O F S E L E C T S * C H S H O O S A T T H E F R E N C H L I M I T E D S I T S

CbewlcalBenzene

Acute T o o e i c t t y -

Central nervous systemdepression, headache,d i z z in e s s , nausea,convulsions

Chronic T o x i c i ty

A p l a s t S cother blood changes

Carcino^eolcTarget Organ Other

Benro^lal axtthraceoe Chronic

Benzo faJpyreae Stoeiacb tu»or$U n g e s t l o n )

cancerC l n h a Z a t i o n }

Ltmg and s f c l r t i rr i ta t imt respiratoryliver

Lung cancer T w c i e i t y re&ated to valencestate. £ss*»t.ial nutrient

Chrysenes k in disorders

Conors,,carcinogenicto beraiofa^pyren*

Copper Irri ta t ion to- eyess f c i n , vomiting,t f j a r r h e a ,

Anenia Essential nutrient

DOT

Keptachl cT Tremors, convulsions,re sp ira tory e o l l a s p e .

Central nervous s f s t en andliver daoage.Liver and kidney damage.

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T a b l e 5-2 (Page 2 of 2>T Q X r C Q & O G t C R L E F F E C T S O P S E L E C T E D C H E M I C A L S A T T H E FR0O L I M I T E D S I T S

Chenlcal

PCS

Acute T o x l c i t / -

Kidneys

Chloraone, Impairment ofHirer f t m c t l o n ,neuirobehavioral systems,menstrual d i s order s ,Immune log i ca l suppre s t on .

Chronic T o x l c l t y

Herna tope ie tic system,anemia, nervous system,learning d i s a b i l i t i e s ,brain (Swung*

CarcinogenicT a r g e t Other

C h i l d r e n are e s p e c i a U ysensitive to low level e f f e c t s

Trlctiloroetbene Central nervows systemdepression

Renal tcaeici ty, hepato- H e p t a c e l l u l a r carcinomas Possibly nmtagenictow l e f t y , and neurotoxielty (inge s t l on)! in animal

s tudi e sTetrachloroetbene

Zinc

Reproduction t o x i c l t y .

Fever, v o m t t J n g f , , stowachcramps, and diarrhea

Liver kidney, and centralnervous s y s t e t t t damage.Muscle s t i f f n e s s , pain*loss of a p p e t i t e and nausea

Liver cancer

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A c e n a p h t h y l e n eA c e n a p h t h e n eA l p h a - H C C HA l a r i nA n t h r a c e n eA r s e n i cBenzeneB e n z o ( a ) a n t h r a c e n eB e n z o ( a ) p y r e n eB e n z o ( b ) f l u o r a n t h e n eB e n z o f g h i j p y r e n eB e t a - H C C HB i s ( 2 ~ e t h y l h e x y l ) p h t h a l a t eC h l o r o f o r mC h r y s e n e1 , 2 - d i e h l o r o e t h a n eDDTGamma - HCCHH e p t a c h l o rH e p t a c h l o r e p o x i d ePCSP y r e n eT e t r a c h l o r o e t h e n eT r i c h l o r o e t h e n e1 , 1 , 2 - t r i e h l o r o e t h a n eV i n y l C h l o r i d e

U . S . E P ACancer PotencyF a c t o r A s s i g n e dF o r I n q e s t i o r ,_ ( K g ~ c l a y / m g )N o n eNona1111.4N o n e-15.00.052N o n e11.5N o n eN o n e1 80.0006840,081N o n e0.0910.341.333.42.64,34N o n e0,0510.0110.05732.3

W e i g h t o f Evidence' —B2B2B2

AAB2B2B2CB2B232B2B2B 2 / CB2B2B2

62B2CA

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S u p e r f u n d P u b l i c H e a l t h Evaluat ion Manua l ( U . S . E P A , 1986)U . S . E P A Cancer Ass e s smen t Group c l a s s i f i c a t i o n ( U . S . E P A , 1985b)G r o u p A - H u m a n carc inogen, s u f f i c i e n t evidence f r o me p i d e m i o l o g i c a l s t ud i e sGroup B * Probable human carcinogen, l imi t ed evidence of

c a r c i n o g e n i c i t y to humansG r o u p 8,, * Probabl e human carc inogen, combination of s u f f i c i e n tevidence in animal s and inadequate data in humansG r o u p C » P o s s i b l e human carc inogenf- i n t e r n a t i o n a l A g e n c y for Research on Cancer C l a s s i f i c a t i o n( I A R C ) ( W H O , 1 9 8 2 )

Group 1 = C a u s a l l y associated wi th cancer in humansGroup 2A - Probably carcinogenic to humans, po s i t i v e animal carc inogenw i t h l i m i t e d evidence o f human c a r c i n o g f t n i c i t yG r o u p 2B « Probable human carcinogen, p o s i t i v e animal carcinogen wi thi n s u f f i c i e n t data on human carcinogenici tyG r o u p 3 - Cou ld not be c l a s s i f i e d as to their earc inogen i c i tyto humans

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T a b l e 5 - 4P O S S I B L E P A T H W A Y S

O F C H E M I C A L E X P O S U R E

M e c h a n i s m o f Chemi ca l_________Exposure ______G r o u n d w a t e r - I n g e s t i o nSroundwat er-Darmal A b s o r p t i o nG r o u n d w a t e r - I n h a l a t i o n o fV o l a t i l e O r g a n i c s r e l e a s e d

f r o s i g r o u n d w a t e rS o i l / S e d i m e n t - I n g e s t i o nS o i l - I n h a l a t i o n o f P a r t i c u l a t e s

o r V o l a t i l e C o m p o u n d sS o i l - D e r m a l A b s o r p t i o nS u r f a c e W a t e r - I n g e s t i o nS u r f a c e W a t e r ~ D e r m a l A b s o r p t i o nS u r f a c e W a t e r - I n h a l a t i o n o f

V o l a t i l e O r g a n i c s r e l e a s e df r o s s u r f a c e wat er

Moat P r o b a b l eE x p o s u r e C o n d i t i o n

D r i n k i n g - w a t e r , cooking watarB a t h i n g water

Enc lo s ed shower air, cooking steamI n d o o r a n d o u t d o o r a c t i v i t i e s

I n d o o r a n d o u t d o o r a c t i v i t i e sI n d o o r a n d o u t d o o r a c t i v i t i e sD u r i n g w a d i n g or swimmingD u r i n g w a d i n g or swimming

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R * E x c e s s l i f e t i m e cancer r i ske - 2.781 ,p » C a n c e r p o t e n c y f a c t o r ( m g / k g b o d y w e i g h t / d a y ) "d « L i f e t i m e average d a i l y chemical i n t a k e , ( m g / k gbody w e i g h t / d a y )F u r t h e r d e t a i l s o f t h i s c a l c u l a t i o n a r e p r o v i d e d i n A p p e n -d i x A .F o l l o w i n g U . S . E P A g u i d e l i n e s o n chemical mix tur e s ( U . S .S P A , 1 9 8 5 c ) , t h e r i sk v a l u e s f o r a l l c h e m i c a l s a r e as sumedto be a d d i t i v e and can be summed to obtain a t o t a l r i skr e f l e c t i n g e x p o s u r e t o a l l q u a n t i f i a b l e c a i c i n o g e n s a t t h es i t e .A s e v i d e n t f r o m t h e r i sk e q u a t i o n , t h e m a g n i t u d e o f t h e c a n -cer r i s k d e p e n d s upon how much o f a p a r t i c u l a r ch emica l-c o n t a i n i n g medium i s i n g e s t e d . A p p e n d i x A l i s t s s o i l / s e d i -ment a n d w a t e r r a t e s o f i n g e s t i o n f o r r e s i d e n t i a l , circum-s t a n c e s o f e x p o s u r e . T h e exact m e t h o d s a n d a s s u m p t i o n sinvolved in their c a l c u l a t i o n are r e f e r e n c e d and d e s c r i b e di n A p p e n d i x A .A wide r a n g e o f r e s i d e n t i a l soi l i n g e s t i o n r a t e s have beenused i n c a l c u l a t i n g r i s k v a l u e s ( K i m b r o u g h , 1 9 8 4 ; L e p o w ,1 9 7 4 ; S c h a u m , 1 9 8 4 ) . F o r t h i s a s s e s s m e n t , a r e s i d e n t i a lrate o f 0.004 g / k g / d a y w a s used t o r e p r e s e n t t h e u p p e r l i m i to f i n g e s t i o n , w h i l e a ra t e o f 0.0001 g / k g / d a y c a n a l s o b eused to r epr e s en t an average level of e xpo sure .W a t e r i n g e s t i o n r a t e s have been c l e a r l y d e f i n e d f o r r e s i d e n -t i a l a n d o c c u p a t i o n a l i n s t a n c e s o f e x p o s u r e b y t h e E P A ( U . S .E P A , 1 9 8 5 b ) , R e c r e a t i o n a l rat e s o f w a t e r i n g e s t i o n were n o tcons idered because o f the d i f f i c u l t y in e s t i m a t i n g the dura-t i on a n d f r e q u e n c y o f e x p o s u r e over t h e l i f e o f a n i n d i v i d u a lT h e d e r i v a t i o n o f r e s i d e n t i a l a n d o c c u p a t i o n a l ra t e s i n v o l v e sa s s u m p t i o n s and a d j u s t m e n t s f or the f r e q u e n c y o f e xpo sure a sd e s c r i b e d i n A p p e n d i x A .T h o s e c h e m i c a l s i n T a b l e 5 - 3 w i t h E P A C A G c a t e g o r i e s o f A ,B l , B 2 , a n d 1 A R C c l a s s i f i c a t i o n s o f 1 , 2 A , a n d 2 B weret r ea t ed as carcinogens. If a chemical had an EPA CAG c las-s i f i c a t i o n o f C and an IARC q u a l i f i e r o f 3 i t was a l s ot r e a t e d a s a c a r c i n o g e n . C h e m i c a l s w i t h D c l a s s i f i c a t i o n swere eva lua t ed as noncarcinogens . C a r c i n o g e n i c p o l y c y c l i caromat i c h y d r o c a r b o n s were q u a l i t a t i v e l y e v a l u a t e d .N O N C A R C I N O G E N I C E F F E C T SThe inorgani c s cadmium, l e a d , z i n c , chromium, and nickelhave been i n c l u d e d in the l i s t i n g of p o t e n t i a l carc inogensp u b l i s h e d b y t h e U . S . E P A Cancer A s s e s s m e n t G r o u p ( U . S . E P A ,1 9 8 5 b ) . However , in th i s assessment they w i l l be evaluated

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a s n o n c a r c i n o g e n s because th e w e i g h t o f e v id enc e f or t h e i re a r c i n o g e n i c i t y e x i s t s o n l y a t t h e 0 l e v e l . T h e U . S . B P Ah a s a c k n o w l e d g e d t ha t d a t a g u i t a b l e f o r q u a n t i t a t i v e r i a kas s e s sment o f noncarcinogenic p o l y c y c l i c aromatic hydro-carbon* i s e s s e n t i a l l y n o n e x i s t e n t ( E P A , 1 9 8 4 a ) . T h e r e f o r e ,n o n c a r c i n o g e n i c p o l y c y c l i c aromatic hydrocarbons were notq u a n t i t a t i v e l y e v a l u a t e d f o r ri sk.The risks a s so c ia t ed w i t h e xpo sure to n o n e a r c i n o g e n s areq u a n t i t a t i v e l y a s s e s s ed by c o m p a r i n g t h e i r a c c e p t a b l e chemi-cal in take s for chronic e xpo sur e , to c a l c u l a t e d chemicali n t a k e s .The rate s used for the i n g e s t i o n of soil are 0.1 g / d a y by ana d u l t o r c h i l d d u r i n g d a i l y r e s i d e n t i a l l i v i n g ; t h e secondwi th the i n g e s t i o n rate o f 1 .0 g / d a y for a c h i l d on ly unders i m i l a r c i r c u m s t a n c e s . I n g e s t i o n o f eo i l b y p i c a c h i l d r e nis the t h i r d and most ex treme case p r e s e n t e d and i t a p p l i e sunder r e s i d e n t i a l c i r c u m s t a n c e s ( 5 g / d a y ) . T h e numer i ca lv a l u e s f o r t h e s e i n g e s t i o n r a t e s , when m u l t i p l i e d b y t h «chemical c oncen tra t i on in the medium, r e su l t in a d a i l yc h e m i c a l i n t a k e tha t can be compared to a c c e p t a b l e i n t a k e s{ A p p e n d i x A ] . T h e h a z a r d i n d e x i s t h e s u m o f t h e r a t i o s o ft h e d a i l y i n t a k e f o r t h e various c o m p o u n d s t o t h e a c c e p t a b l ei n t a k e s f o r tho s e c o m p o u n d s . I f i t i s g r e a t e r than o n e( 1 . 0 ) , E P A g u i d e l i n e s s ugge s t that there i s cause f o rconcern.T h e route o f e x p o s u r e c o n s i d e r e d i n t h i s e n d a n g e r m e n t a s s e s s-ment i s i n g e s t i o n . I n h a l a t i o n o f a ir was no t a d d r e s s e dbecause the r e p o r t e d d a t a base is inadequa t e to make ane x p o s u r e a s s e s s m e n t . P o t e n t i a l d e r m a l e x p o s u r e w a s a l s o n o ta d d r e s s e d because o f an i n a d e q u a t e a b s o r p t i o n d a t a base.W a t e r i n g e s t i o n r a t e s have been d e f i n e d by the EPA to be2 l i t e r / d a y for a 70-kg a d u l t under a r e s i d e n t i a l s i t u a t i o nand 1 l i t e r / d a y for a 10-kg c h i l d and an a d u l t worker( U . S . E P A , 1 9 8 5 b ) .P u b l i s h e d v a l u e s f o r a c c e p t a b l e chronic i n t a k e s ( A l C ' s ) r e f e rto the a c c e p t a b l e i n g e s t i o n of a chemical in s m a l l amount sover an e x t e n d e d time p e r i o d . A c c e p t a b l e subchroni e i n t a k el e v e l s ( A I S ' s ) a r e n o t equivalent f o r comparison t o acutee x p o s u r e b u t a r e a p p l i c a b l e t o s i t u a t i o n s t ha t a p p r o x i m a t ean acute e x p o s u r e , i . e . , l e s s e r time p e r i o d than t h a t usedfor chronic e x p o s u r e , Chron i c i n t a k e l e v e l s are a l w a y s s e tl e s s t h a n or equal to the subchronie i n t a k e s ince the ex-posure occurs f o r a longer period o f time. Only A I C ' s a r ee v a l u a t e d for a 70-kg a d u l t and 10-kg c h i l d and are comparedt o c a l c u l a t e d chemica l in take s f o r a a d u l t , normal c h i l d ,and p i c a c h i l d , in t h i s r e p o r t .

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P O T E N T I A L L Y E X P O S E D P O P U L A T I O NT h e p o t e n t i a l p o p u l a t i o n exposure s i n c l u d e ( a ) 1 0 0 p e o p l el i v i n g i n t h e J U v e r d a l e S u b d i v i s i o n ; ( b ) 2 0 p e o p l e l i v i n gi m m e d i a t e l y south o f t h e s i t e ; ( c ) 2,000 p e o p l e l i v i n g i nB a r r e t t , T e x a s * ( d ) 2,500 p e o p l e l i v i n g i n Crosby, T e x a s ;(e) a f ew f a m i l i e s t h a t l ive on th e S i k a s p r o p e r t y north o fH i g h w a y 9 0 ; ( f ) p a s s e r s - b y ; a n d ' g ) t h e p o p u l a t i o n o f H o u s t o n ,P e o p l e l i v i n g south of and around the s i t s are r e p o r t e d l yn o t u s i n g t h e g r o u n d w a t o r f o r human c o n s u m p t i o n ( R E I ,1 9 8 6 a ) . H o w e v e r , there are no exc lu s ions in p l a c e toprevent groundwat er or s u r f a c e water use.The immed ia t e expo sure is, of course, the soil not on ly atthe s i t e , but in the s u r r o u n d i n g area as w e l l .The p o t e n t i a l f or e x i s t i n g and f u t u r e c o n t a m i n a n t s t o in-crease in the lower s i l t y sand zone and m i g r a t e v e r t i c a l l ya n d h o r i z o n t a l l y t o a q u i f e r s pumped b y H o u s t o n i n t a k e w e l l sis not p r o j e c t e d here due to l a ck of h y d r o g e o l o g i ci n f o r m a t i o n r e l a t i n g s i t e c o n d i t i o n s t o regional c o n d i t i o n s .

L A G Q O N J j A T E RI n a d v e r t e n t use of the l a g o o n water could r e s u l t in anexcess l i f e t ime cancer risk of 2 x 10-2 at maximumc o n c e n t r a t i o n s and 8 x 10- * at average c o n c e n t r a t i o n sbecause o f t h e v o J a t i i e s p r e s e n t ( T a b l e 5 * 5 ) . I f t h e l a g o c nwaters were i n a d v e r t e n t l y to be used as a water source, thehazard index of 1 . 5 would be due tob i s ( 2 - e t h y l h e x y D p h t h a l a t e , l e a d , e t h y l b e n z e n e , a n d1 , 1 - d i c h l o r o e t h a n e at maximum conc en tra t i on s ( T a b l e 5 - 5 ) ,

L A C O O N S L U D G EI f t h e s l u d g e became a c c e s s i b l e t o humans under t h eno-ac t ion s c enar io , t h e p o t e n t i a l e x c e s s l i f e t i m e cancerrisk f r o m e xpo sur e to maximum concentra t ions and averagec onc en t ra t i on s o f compounds d e t e c t e d in the lagoon s l u d g ewould be 7x10-* and 8 x l O - 5 r e s p e c t i v e l y ( T a b l e 5 - 6 } , Ah a z a r d indax of gr ea t er than one would r e su l t in the eventof i n a d v e r t e n t i n g e s t i o n by a c h i l d ( T a b l e 5 - 6 ) ,

I f t h e l a g o o n s u b s o i l were e x p o s e d a n d i n a d v e r t e n t l yi n g e s t e d , the p o t e n t i a l risk f r o m exposure to maximum con-c en tra t i on s would b e 8 x l O - ? ( T a b l e 5 - 7 ) . The p o t e n t i a l ri skf r o m e x p o s u r e to average c o n c e n t r a t i o n s would be 4 x l O - 8

( T a b l e 5 - 7 ) . T h e s e risk c a l c u l a t i o n s do not in c lude the PNAr e s u l t s f r o m th e summer 1986 s a m p l i n g (KEI, 1 9 8 6 a ) . Lack o fcompound s p e c i f i c c o n c e n t r a t i o n s p r e v e n t s i n c l u s i o n o f these

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IIIITatIa 5-5

C A R C I N O G E N I C R I S K A M D A C C E P T A B L E I N T A K E E X C E C D A K C EH A T E R I W G E S T I O H * F R O K H L I M I T E D L A G O O N H A T E R

E f f e c t sCarcinogenic

ContaainaatConcentration

Exes**t i f e t u eCancer H o n c & r c i n o g e n l c

Hazard Index Contr ibu t ingreported 2x10-'

NoncarcinogenicAverage

H a x i a u f l r«port«d 1.5

, 1 , 2 - d l c h l o r o e -thane; totracbloroa-tnane; trtchloro«lh«na;vinyl c h l o r i d e

4Saac d« Abov«, l o a d /

nicks 1for a 70 £9 a d u l t for 70 year* at 2 l i U n par day. Ho fcnovn uaari o£ thU

v«t*r * x l f t at t b i i tu». lnadv«runt u*o of the water as a water J t o u r c a for ar«id«ntlal Kooario it

r--co&mooThe hai&rd index is the ana of tb« ratio* of the d a i l y intake for thevarious coopounds to t t» accep tab l e intake* for tboss conpounds. If i t1* grea t er than one ( 1 . 0 ) , EPA gu ide l ine* «ugg.eat that there is a cause for concern.

A p p e n d i x T a b l e * B-l and 6-2 f o r f l o r u d e t a i l .

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T a b l e 5-6C A R C I N O G E N I C R I S K W & A C C E P T A B L E I K T A K E E X C E H ) A N C E

S O I L I N G E S T I O K - H U N C H L I M I T E D L A G O O N S L U D G E

C f t t c t s C o n d i t i o n sCarcinogenic 70-year l l f a s p a n

70-y*ar l i f e s p & nH o n c a r c i n o g e n i c 10-kg c h i l d

7Q-kg A d u l t

70-fe$ A d u l t

ExcessL i f e t i m e

Contaminant Cancer Honour c inog en i cC o n c e n t r a t i o n Risk H a z a r d I n d e x

C o n t r i b u t i n gCoBpounds

AverageAverage:O.I <m I n t a k e1.0 gi I n t a k e5,0 q* intaxe

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7x10

8x10

B e n z o f a l p y r a n a ;P C B j arsenic;vinyl chlor ideSane as aboveL e a d ; penta-

0,9 c b l o r o p h e n o l ;8,5 t ine; copper170 l ead; zinc;

nickel0.5 L e a d ; zinc;

nickel0.2 Lead; zinc;

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COCOotnoo

The hazard index ia the sun of the ratios of the d a i l y in take for the various eoapound toth e a c c ep tab l e I n U k e s f or those compounds. If i t i s greater than one ( 1 . 0 ) , EPA guide-l i n e s sugge s t thM there is a cause for concern. See A p p e n d i x T a b l e B-7 through 8-10 for•ore d e t a i l . I n a d v e r t e n t i n g e s t i o n under a r e s i d e n t i a l scenario is assumed*Values in A p p e n d i x T a b l e 8-8 are higher due to ehrosiue intakes calculated as hexavalentand t r i T a l e n t chroaiua. Chroalua pre sent in the s l u d g e i s p r o b a b l y the t r i v a l & n t f o r mdue to presence of organlea, HI va lue s reported here are based on t r i v a l e n t chroaium.A d d i t i o n a l t e s t i n g vould be necessary to c o n f i r s t h i s a s sumpt ion.

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S O I L I N G E S T I O N - F R E N C H L I M I T E D L A G O O N S U B S O I L

E f f e c t s C o n d i t i o n sL U e t U a

Contaainant Cancer Honcarcinogcnic Contr i bu t ingCancanuationa Ri»fc Hazard Index Compounds

Carcinogenic 70-year H f c * p a n

70*year l i f e s p a nNoncarcinogenle 10-kg c h i l d

70-kg A d u l t

70-kg A d u l t

0x10

AverageAv«rage0*1 gp» in take1,0 gpa intake5.0 gpn I n t a X e

Maxisu*

Average

4x10 -8

0.0020.020.50.01

0,003

Vinyl chiorido;1,7-dlchloroo-thane;§6*a as above

bChroaluB j t o ] -uane; zinc

T o l u e n e ; e t h y l -benzeneZinc

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The hazard index is the suffl of the ratios of the d a i l y intake for the various csapound tothe a c c e p t a b l e intakes for those caapouuds. If i t i s greater than one ( 1 . 0 ) , EPAgu id e l in e s suggest that there Is a cause for concern, See A p p e n d i x T a b l e s B-ll throughg~14 for aore d e t a i l , inadvertent inges t ion under a re s idential scenario is asimieed.V a l u e s in A p p e n d i x T a b l e B-d are higher due to chromium intakes c a l c u l a t e d as hexavalentand t r l v a l e n t cbrosium. Chroaiua present in the s ludge is probably the t r l v a l & r , t foradue to presence of organics, HI values reported here are based on t r l v a l e n t chromium,A d d i t i o n a l t e s t ing would be necessary to c on f in s this assumption.

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r e s u l t s . Some P N A ' s a r e cons idered carcinogenic s o t h ep r e s e n t e d risk may be u n d e r s t a t e d .S U R R O U N D I N G S O I L S A N D S E D I M E N T S

A general asses sment of p o t e n t i a l exposure to surroundings o i l s and s ed imen t i s d i f f i c u l t to make due to the l i m i t e dcompound s p e c i f i c chemical c onc en tra t i on d a t a . The excessl i f e t i m e cancer risk due to exposure of maximum reportedconcentrat ions o f P C B ' s i n t h e s o i l s f r o m t h e s l o u g h northand east of the lagoon ( A r e a s A and B in F i g u r e 3-1} is1x10-** ( T a b l e 5-8) . The cancer risk due to e xpo sur e o f max-imum reported c onc en t ra t i on s o f P C B ' s i n t h e s o i l s f r o m t h ewest end of the s i t e i s 9 x l O - 5 ( T a b l e 5 - 8 ) , Risks tha t canbe c a l c u l a t e d for the o ther areas are l i s t e d in T a b l e 5*8.Of the smal l number o f s a m p l e s a n a l y z e d , i t a p p e a r s tha t theb a s e / n e u t r a l c h e m i c a l s A l s o occur a t a l l l o c a t i o n s surround-i n g t h e F r e n c h L i m i t e d lagoon. B a s e / n e u t r a l l e v e l s variedf r o m 0.1 to 1 , 6 5 5 m g / k g s o i l . S i n c e some b a s a / n a u t r a l com*p o u n d s are p o t e n t i a l l y carc inogenic , the risk a t t r i b u t e d toPCB exposure alone may u n d e r e s t i m a t e t o t a l p o t e n t i a l riskf r o m e x p o s u r e tF I S H I N G H O L E / F I S H

P o t e n t i a l human exposure f r o m th e f i s h i n g ho le could occurv i a c o n s u m p t i o n o f a n y f i s h c a u g h t f r o m t h e f i s h i n g h o l e .I f 6 . 5 grains p e r d a y o f t h e s p o r t f i s h s p e c i e s were c o n s u m e d ,t h e excess l i f e t i m e cancer risk a t t r i b u t a b l e t o P C B ' s couldbe 4 x l O " 5 a s a r e s u l t o f consuming f i s h f r o m the f i s h i n gh o l e , S x l O - * 1 a s a r e s u l t o f c o n s u m i n g f i s h f r o m t h e l a k esouth of the s i t e , and 7 x l O - 5 for maximum r epor t ed concen-t r a t i o n s and 6 x l O - 5 f or average c o n c e n t r a t i o n s and 7 x l O * " 5 a sa r e s u l t o f consuming f i s h f r o m the lake in R i v e r d a l e( T a b l e 5 - 9 ) . All th e risk pr e s en t ed are due t o PCB concen-t r a t i o n s f o u n d i n t h e f i s h t i s s u e s a m p l e s .R e p o r t e d p o l l u t a n t c o n c e n t r a t i o n s i n f i s h were l i m i t e d t oP C B ( 0 * 3 9 2 m g / k g m a x i m u m ) .

G R O J J N D W A T E RT h e g r o u n d w a t e r i n t h e u p p e r a l l u v i u m i m m e d i a t e l y b enea ththe F r e n c h L i m i t e d s i t e i s not c u r r e n t l y being used ford o m e s t i c p u r p o s e . R e s i d e n t s near the s i t e in the R i v e r d a l eS u b d i v i s i o n are r e p o r t e d l y us ing water f r o m the upper a l l u ^vial zone (LAN, 1 9 8 5 ) . S i n c e no r e s t r i c t i on s p r e s e n t l y existfor use of the g r o u n d w a t e r at or near the s i t e , an as s e s smentof the risks under the no-action a l t e r n a t i v e is warranted.The groundwat er in the lower s i l t y sand zones, is at thevery top of the m a j o r a q u i f e r s that s u p p l y the C i t y o f

OCT

oo

5-14

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t a t t l e 5-«C A S C l W O G t t l C R I S K

S O I L I H G O T I O H . FRBicn L I D . 8 9 R M X I H D I H C S O I L S

S a a c l l n o Area* CompoundReported

Concentration Excel*L i i e L i s f t f o a a f jti**

A - C l o u g t i northof vain pitB - S l o u g h northof O.S, 90C - Drainage northof D.S. 90£ - D i t c h near and•outh of s i t eP - Pood touth ofGulf Pu*P RoadG - Drainage tov&rdRicke t t Lake

H - Ricke t t LakeI • Poods nearRiver d a l e

J • S o i l s west ofs i t eK - S o i l s south ofo f s i t e

PCB

8 i B ( 2 - f t t h y h e x y H p h t h A l a t e

PCB

BenzeneB i s ( 2 - e t h y h e x y 1 ) p h t h a l a t eB l s ( 2 - e t h y h e x y l ) p h t h a l 8 t e

B i s ( 2 - e t h y h e x y 1 ) p h t h a l a t eB i s ( 2 - e t h y h e x y 1 ) p h t h a l a t e

PCB

B i g ( 2 - e i h y h e x y l ) p h t h a l a t e

0.27

2.2

17

0.16

O.OS23

2.60.3

0.78

9.3

209

25

1 x 101 x 10

iO * 1 0

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7 x 10

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-8

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9 x 10

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S e e F 1 0 j r e 3 * 1 f o r s a m p l i n g area l o c a t i o n . S e e A p p e n d i x T a b l e B - 1 5 f o r sore d e t a i l ,I n a d v e r t e n t I n g e s t i o n under a r e s i d e n t i a l scenario i s assumed.

D F W 6 A / 0 8 0

5-15

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IIIIT a b l e 5-9

S U M M A R Y O F F I S H 1 N G E S T I O KC A R C I N O G E N I C R I S K F R O M P C B ' s

F R E N C H L I M I T E D S I T E

F i s h i n g H o l eC o n c e n t r a t i o n

maximum r e p o r t e d

take S o u t h o f S i t eC o n c e n t r a t i o n

maximum r e p o r t e d

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maximum r e p o r t e daverage

Exce s sL i f e t i m eCancerRisk*4xlO~ 5

E x c e s sL i f e t i m eCancerRisk2 x l O " 4

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L i f e t i m e e x p o s u r e ; 6 .5 grams o f f i s h p e r day f o r 70 years

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H o u s t o n a n d s u r r o u n d i n g m u n i c i p a l i t i e s . A n y c o n t a m i n a t i o nof t h i s zone could l e a d t o a p o t e n t i a l s i g n i f i c a n tp o p u l a t i o n risk.A v a i l a b l e i n o r g a n i c , a n d o r g a n i c - s p e c i f i c ch emi ca l c onc en t ra-t i o n s were p r e s e n t e d in C h a p t e r 3 . The a n a l y s e s showed t h a tsome o r g a n i c s are p r e s e n t in the u p p e r a l l u v i a l g r o u n d w a t e rnear t h e s i t e , T h e c h e m i c a l - s p e c i f i c a n a l y s i s showed t h a tv o l a t i l e o r g a n i c c o m p o u n d s a r e p r e s e n t .H u m a n e xpo sure to the c on taminant s in the u p p e r a l l u v i a lg r o u n d w a t e r c ou ld r e s u l t in an exces s l i f e t i m e cancer r i s kof 2 x l O - a a t maximum c o n c e n t r a t i o n s and l x l O - a a t averageconcen tra t i on s ( T a b l e 5 - 1 0 ) . The compounds pre s ent in th eu p p e r a l l u v i a l g r o u n d w a t e r a l s o c o n t r i b u t e t o p o t e n t i a l non-c a r c i n o g e n i c t o x i c e f f e c t s w i t h a hazard i n d e x o f 1 . 3 a tmaximum c o n c e n t r a t i o n s ( T a b l e 5 - 1 0 ) .T h e lower s i l t y sand zone c o n t a i n s v o l a t i l e o r g a n i c c o m p o u n d s .H u m a n e x p o s u r e via w e l l water f r o m near the s i t e and viag r o u n d w a t e r t r a n s p o r t t o d i s t a n t w e l l s i s p o s s i b l e .E x p o s u r e to c o n t a m i n a n t s in the lower s i l t y sand zone g r o u n d -water c ou ld r e s u l t i n a n exce s s l i f e t i m e cancer r i s k o f I x l O - 3

a t max imum conc en tra t i on s ( T a b l e 5 - 1 1 ) . N o a c c e p t a b l e chronicd a i l y i n t a k e s or h a z a r d i n d e x e s c r i t e r i a o f 1 .0 were e x c e e d e d .S Y N E R G I S M A N D A N T A G O N I S M

T h e i n d i v i d u a l c h e m i c a l s f o u n d a t t h e F r e n c h L i m i t e d s i t ecan be i n f l u e n c e d by the i n t e r a c t i o n wi th other c h e m i c a l s ,a l t h o u g h t h e e x t e n t o f t h i s i n f l u e n c e i s unknown. F o r t h eF r e n c h L i m i t e d s i t e , s y n e r g i s m a n d a n t a g o n i s m i s a d d r e s s e din g e n e r a l .Any o r g a n i c ch emica l e f f e c t on a p a r t i c u l a r organ s y s t e m canp r o b a b l y be i n f l u e n c e d by the p r e s e n c e o f any o ther c h e m i c a l ,o r g a n i c or i n o r g a n i c , t h a t a l s o e f f e c t s t ha t same organ sys-tem d i r e c t l y . F u r t h e r m o r e , c h e m i c a l s tha t r e s u l t in immuno-s u p p r e s s i o n c a n a l s o i n f l u e n c e t h e i n c i d e n c e o f tumor d eve l^opment by a p a r t i c u l a r o r g a n i c ch emi ca l which has c a r c i n o g e n i cp o t e n t i a l b y i t s e l f . S p e c i f i c e x a m p l e s o f organic m u l t i p l es t r e s s i n c l u d e t h e s o l v e n t s l i k e carbon t e t r a c h l o r i d e , tr i-c h l o r o e t h e n e , a n d t e t r a c h l o r e t h e n e .Benzene is ano th er chemical that c o u l d be used as an e x a m p l ewhere m u l t i p l e s t r e s s a p p l i e s . Benzene i n c o n j u n c t i o n w i t halcohol inhibi t p r o t e i n and blood syn th e s i s . Several others t u d i e a have shown t h a t a l c o h o l and e x p o s u r e to t r i c h l o r o -e thene m a g n i f i e d t h e e f f e c t s o f a l c oho l on th e nervous sys-tem.

LAO

5-17

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T a b l e 5-10C A R C I N O G E N I C R I S K A N D A C C E P T A B L E I N T A K E E X C E E D A N C E

H A T E R I H G E S T 1 0 N - F R E N C H L I M I T E D UPPER A L L U V I A L G R O U N D H A T E P

ConUainantE f f e c t s C o n c e n t r a t i o n

Carcinogenic

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Maximum 2x10 -1

A v e r a g eNoncareiaogenic Maximum

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C o n t r i b u t i n gCoapounds

0.1

Benzene; ch loro f orm; 1,2-d i c h i o r o e t h a n e ; t e tra-chloroe thene; t r i c h l o r o -e thane; vinyl c h l o r i d eSaae as above1 / 1 - d i c h l p r o e t h a n e ;chromium; e t h y l b e n s e n e jl e a d ; n e t b y l e n e c h l o r i d e ;p h e n o lSame as above

moo

hazard index i s the sum of the ra t i o s o f the d a i l y intake for the various compoundsto the acceptable intakes for those compounds. If it is greater than one ( 1 . 0 ) , EPAg u i d e H o e s sugge s t t ha t there is a cause for concern. See A p p e n d i x T a b l e s B-3 and 8-4f o r more d e t a i l .

»V a l u e s In A p p e n d i x T a b l e 6-8 are h i g h e r due to chromium i n t a k e s c a l c u l a t e d as h e x a v a l e n tand t r i v a l e n t e h r o m i u f f l . Chroaium present in the s l u d g e i s p r o b a b l y the t r i v a l e n t f o r mdue to presence of organics. HI values reported here are based on trivalent chromium.A d d i t i o n a l t e s t i n g wou ld b e necessary to c o n f i r m t h i s a s sumption.

D F H 6 B / 0 1 5

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IIIIT a b l e 5~il

S U M M A R Y O F G F O U N D W A T E R I N G E S T I Q NC A R C I N O G E N I C R I S K A N D A C C E P T A B L E I N T A K E E X C E E D A N C E

F R E N C H L I M I T E D LOWER S I L T Y S A N D 20NE G R O U N D W A T E R

ReportedConcen tra t i onMaximum

Maximum

ExcessL i f e t i m eCancer

RiskixlO" 2

Noncarc inoaeni cSH a z a r d I n d e x C o n t r i b u t i n gC o m p o u n d sBenzene; 1,2-dichloro-e t h a n e ; vinyl c h l o r i d e

0.09

The hazard index is the sum of the ratios of the d a i l y intake for thevarious compound t o t h e a c c e p t a b l e i n t a k e s f o r those compounds . I f i tis greater than one ( 1 , 0 ) , EPA g u i d e l i n e s sugges t that there is a causefor concern. See A p p e n d i x T a b l e s B-5 and B-6 for more d e t a i l .

LTVOO

D F W 6 B / 0 1 6

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III T h e F r e n c h L i m i t e d s i t e c on ta in s benzene, t r i c h l o r o e t h e n e ,t e t r a c h l o r o e t h e n e , and t o l u e n e , so the combined e f f e c t s o ft h e v o l a t i l e organic c o m p o u n d s f o r e x p o s e d p e o p l e who con-sume al coho l may be greater than tha t s p e c i f i e d in th i srepor t .F i n a l l y , i t i s known t h a t chromium i n h i b i t s growth d e p r e s s i o ncaused by v a n a d i u m , w h i l e z inc and iron i n h i b i t c o p p e r t o x i c i t y ,and lead p l u s cadmium enhance h y p e r t e n s i o n s y n e r g i s t i c a l l y .For the most par t however, it is not p o s s i b l e to s p e c i f i c a l l yd e l i n e a t e inorganic in t e ra c t i on in terms o f aynerg i sm a n d / o ra n t a g o n i s m a t th e F r e n c h L i m i t e d s i t e .

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S e c t i o n 6O V E R A L L H E A L T H E F F E C T S / E N D A N G E R M E N T A S S E S S M E N T

S U M M A R Y A N A L Y S I ST h i s s e c t i on p r o v i d e s a review of the p o t e n t i a l impact on ani n d i v i d u a l f r o m various route s o f e x p o s u r e and media( T a b l e s 6-1 anc 6-2) .

C U R R E N T C O N D I T I O N SO N S ; T EL i v i n g a d j a c e n t to the s i t e or c oming into f r e q u e n t contactw i t h c o n t a m i n a t e d m e d i a cou ld r e s u l t i n t h e i n a d v e r t e n ti n g e s t i o n o f soil f r o m the s l o u g h north o f th e main p i t ,c o n s u m p t i o n o f l a g o o n w a t e r , a n d c o n s u m p t i o n o f f i s h f r o mt h e f i s h i n g h o l e . A s s u m i n g t h a t acces s i s u n r e s t r i c t e d , anexcess l i f e t i m e cancer risk of 1.0 x ID-* 1 could r e su l t duet o i n a d v e r t e n t i n g e s t i o n o f s o i l s f r o m t h e s l o u g h . I n g e s -t i on of aoil in g r e a t e r or l e s s e r amounts would r e s u l t inp r o p o r t i o n a l l y h i g h e r a n d lower i n d i v i d u a l r i sk r a t e s ,r e s p e c t i v e l y .I n a d v e r t e n t l i f e t i m e c o n s u m p t i o n o f 2 l i t e r s p e r d a y o fwat e r f r o m the l a g o o n at maximum c o n c e n t r a t i o n s o f con-t a m i n a n t s could r e s u l t in an excess l i f e t i m e cancer risk of

T h e p o t e n t i a l human h e a l t h i m p a c t o f i n h a l i n g c o n t a m i n a t e dair or e a t i n g f o o d grown o n s i t e was not e v a l u a t e d .O F F S I T ES h o u l d the s i t e be e x c l u d e d f r o m human t r e s p a s s i n g , humanscou ld s t i l l ba e x p o s e d t© o f f s i t e c o n t a m i n a t i o n by i n g e s t i o no f s o i l , e a t i n g f i s h caugh t f r o m t h e f i s h i n g hoi© near t h er o a d , i n g e s t i n g wa t e r f r o m t h © u p p e r a l l u v i a l o r l ower s i l t ysand 2one b e l o w th e F r e n c h L i m i t e d s i t e , s w i m m i n g a t R i c k e t tL a k e , and e x p o s i n g the skin to surrounding contaminat ed s o i l sair .The i n a d v e r t e n t i n g e s t i o n of soil on the west end of thes i t e c ou ld r e s u l t in an exce s s l i f e t i m e cancer risk f r o m1 x 10-5 to 9 x 10-s.E a t i n g f i s h c a u g h t f r o m th e f i s h i n g ho l e could re su l t in anexcess l i f e t i m e cancer risk o f 4 x l G ~ 5 ( o n l y P C B ' s c o n s i d e r e d ) ,I n g e s t i o n o f water f r o m th e u p p e r a l l u v i a l zone could r e su l tin an excess l i f e t i m e cancer risk ranging f r o m I x l O - 1 to

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aUoocn »ludoaChildren*A d u l t *

Ugoor. Subsoi lC h i l d r e n *A d u l U

S o l I - - W o r t h S l o u f h *S o i l — W e s t S i d e o f S i t e *U p p e r A l l u v i a l Zone GroundvaterLover S i l t ? Sand Zone GroundvaterF i s h T H S U &

T a b l e 6-1W M K A R Y H E A L T H E f r t C T t / C A > A W G W M D f T A H A U M S

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C w t c i n t r a t i o f t Concen tr t t l o f l Concentrat ioni.l 8 x 10

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Inadver t en t ingsstior. under a residential scenario ascuned.I n g e s t i o n under f t r e s i d e n t i a l scenarioV a l u e s vary due U d i f f e r i n g i n g e s U o n aaounts.

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T i t I t 6 - 2F A C T O R S I K R I S K A S S E S S M E N T

fa c t orThe exposure to and concentration ofcontaminants at exposure point* isheld constant ovtr a 70-year l i f e -time. Chemica l f a t * and t ran spor tmechanisms may al tar actual con can-traUona, vhl ch may vary w i t h time.Exposure e s t i m a t e r e f l e c t s upperbeunc' e s t lms t e .C a l c u l a t i o n f o r chemical ino.estionassumes the same absorption in to thebody as the r«s*arch species used tod e v e l o p tha potancy valuas.Data do not d i s t i n g u i s h b e tv t tnva)aoc« s t a t a s ( h a x a v a U n t orI r i v a l c n t ) for^chroviiu. thet o j l c i t y o f C r l a oreatar thanCR «A c c a p t a b l a intake-chronic (A1C) areba*a4 on liffttiM exposures. Souexposures to contaminants nay beehort- tera and I n f r e q u e n t and yetthey *r* coapared to longer tar*A l e ' s .Risk are asauaed to ba a d d i t i v e .Risks uy not be a d d i t i v e because ofaynarQi s t i c or a n t a g o n i s t i c a c t i on sof other c h e K i c a l s .The baiard aasesaaent data baae isH a l t e d and contains uncer ta in ty .A c c e p t a b l e intake l e v e l s and cancerpotency f a c t o r s are p r i m a r i l yderived u s ing laboratory anisals t u d i e s and, vhen a v a i l a b l e , buatanoccupat ional s t u d i e s . E x t r a p o l a t i o nof d a t a f r o s h i g h to lov dose, frn»one species to another, and f r o a oneexposure route to another introduce su n c e r t a i n t y ,H o t a l l A c c e p t a b l e in take s usedrepresent the same degree of cer-t a i n t y . A l l a r e s u b j e c t t o changeas new evidence becoaes a v a i l a b l e .

MayOverestimate__Risfc__H a yU n d e r o s t U e URisk

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T h e a s s u m p t i o n s r e g a r d i n g body w e i g h t ,average l i f e t i m e e x p o s e d , intake o fe o n t a m l n a n t s , p o p u l a t i o n character-i s t i c s , and l i f e s t y l e may not bev a l i d f o r a n y a c t u a l l y exposed pop"u la t i on .C o m p o u n d s o f unknown t o x i c l t y /carcinogen id ty are not cons idered.

D F H 6 B / 0 1 8

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S h o u l d p e o p l e consume water f r o m w a l l a p e n e t r a t i n g t h e u p p e ra l l u v i a l zone near the F r e n c h L i m i t e d l a g o o n , p o t e n t i a l t ox i ce f f e c t s a r e p o s s i b l e since t h e n o n c a r c i n o g e n i c , h a z a r d i n d e xis 0.8 for maximum concentrat ions go ing up to 1.3 if ther e p o r t e d chromium values are the h e x a v a l e n t f o r m .No «t imates o f risk f o r swimming, akin e x p o s u r e , i n h a l a t i o nof air, and c on sumpt i on of contaminated food were made.

F U T U R E C O N D I T I O N SIf t h f t lagoon s l u d g e were exposed or excavated and madea c c e s s a b l e , it could i n a d v e r t e n t l y be inge s t ed by humans.The noncancer hazard indexe s for a d u l t s are 0 .2 and 0,5,r e s p e c t i v e l y for the average and maximum r e p o r t e d concen-tra t i on s . The r e sp e c t i v e average and maximum excess l i f e -time cancer risk for p o t e n t i a l i n g e s t i o n could be 8 x 10-5

and 7 x 10-*, r e s p e c t i v e l y .If t h e subsoi l s h ou ld become e xpo s ed and a c c e s s a b l e t o hum-ans, excess l i f e t i m e cancer risk could ba 4 x 10-9 to8 x IO- 7 for average and maximum c o n c e n t r a t i o n s ,r e s p e c t i v e l y ,C o n t a m i n a n t l e v e l s in th e f i s h i n g ho l e c o u l d increase i f af l o o d moved more p o l l u t a n t s out of the lagoon and into thef i s h i n g ho l e . No a t t e m p t was made t o q u a n t i f y the conse-quences of such a p o s s i b i l i t y .A f l o o d , by v i r tu e o f s p r e a d i n g the c o n t a m i n a n t s , cou ldincrease the r i sk f r o m c on taminant s t ha t would be movid f r o mthe lagoon onto th e l a n d , p o n d s , d i t c h e s , and lake . Thep o t e n t i a l increase in environmental c onc en tra t i on is notQ u a n t i f i a b l e .The lower s i l t y sand zone groundwater i s c o n t a m i n a t e d .S h o u l d th e c o n t a m i n a n t s cont inue t o l e a c h in to th e ground-water , the a s s o c ia t ed c onc en tra t i on s may increase eventhough th e e x i s t i n g a g u i c l u d e i n h i b i t s such movement. Thea q u i f e r may increase in c on taminant c o n c e n t r a t i o n s immed-i a t e l y below the s i t e and decrease in concen tra t i on as ar e s u l t o f d i l u t i o n . T h e movement o f c o n t a m i n a t e d ground-water in the lower s i l t y sand zone could p o t e n t i a l l y impactth e H o u s t o n in take w e l l s in th e f u t u r e * E x i s t i n g concentra-t ions moni tor ed at the s i t e could r e s u l t in an excess l i f e *time cancer risk o f I x l O - 2 f o r maximum reported c onc en tra t i on s

C O N C L U S I O N SThe many v a r i a b l e s and p a r a m e t e r s w i th in the e x i s t i n g da tabass a v a i l a b l e for a s i te or the a s s u m p t i o n s that must bemade to p e r f o r m endangermen t a s s e s s m e n t s can cause varia-t ions in the e s t imate s of the risk posed by the s i t e , The

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II a s s u m p t i o n s , o r u n c e r t a i n t y f a c t o r s , t h a t a r e t h e ba s i s f o rt h e m e t h o d o l o g y o f p e r f o r m i n g e n d a n g e r m e n t a s s e s s m e n t s i ss u m m a r i z e d i n T a b l e 6-2. W h i l e a c o m p l e t e e v a l u a t i o n o f t h es i t e d a t a base has no t been p e r f o r m e d a s par t o f t h i s a s s e s s -m e n t , obvious p r o b l e m s w i t h t h e d a t a have been i d e n t i f i e dt h r o u g h o u t the r e p o r t . H o w e v e r , even c o n s i d e r i n g the un-c e r t a i n t i e s o f a s s e s s m e n t m e t h o d o l o g y o r d a t a base q u a l i t y ,t h e F r e n c h L i m i t e d s i t e do e s p r e s e n t a p o t e n t i a l h a z a r d t ohuman h e a l t h .

D F W 6 A / 0 6 0

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A p p e n d i x AM E T H O D S U S E D I N T H E R I S K A S S E S S M E N T

D F W 6 B / Q 2 0 maid

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A p p e n d i x AM E T H O D S U S E D I N T H E R I S K A S S E S S M E N T

An e n d a n g e r m e n t a s s e s s m e n t i s an e s t i m a t i o n of the m a g n i t u d eand p r o b a b i l i t y of ac tual or p o t e n t i a l harm to p u b l i c h e a l t h ,w e l f a r e , or the env i ronmen t caused by the t h r e a t e n e d or a c t u a lre l ea s e o f a h a z a r d o u s sub s tance . T h i s s ec t ion gives them e t h o d o l o g y used to arrive at targe t c o n c e n t r a t i o n s based onrisk or t ox i c e f f e c t s .T h i s a p p e n d i x p r e s e n t s the d e t a i l e d m e t h o d s used in the cal-c u l a t i o n o f targe t c onc en tra t i on s . It has two sec t ions:

o E s t i m a t i n g T a r g e t C o n c e n t r a t i o n s Based on RisksF r o m C a r c i n o g e n so E s t i m a t i n g T a r g e t C o n c e n t r a t i o n s f o r T o x i c a n t s

. E S T I M A T I N G . T A R G E T P p N C g N T R A T I O N S. Q N _ R J S K S _ FROM C A R C I N O G E N S

To e s t i m a t e t a r g e t c o n c e n t r a t i o n s based on r i sks f r o m car-c inogen s , the f o l l o w i n g i n f o r m a t i o n must be known or d e r i v e d :o L i f e t i m e average i n g e s t i o n rate s f o r s o i l , sedi-ment , and watero Cancer p o t e n c y f a c t o r so T a r g e t r i sk

E X C E S S 1 L I F E T I M E C A N C E R _ R I S K _ E S T I M A T I O NThe excess l i f e t i m e cancer risk f r o m exposure to an ind iv i-d u a l chemical i s e s t i m a t e d u s ing the f o l l o w i n g m o d e l :

roOOvDOo

whereR = Exce s s l i f e t i m e cancer riske » 2 . 7 1 8 2 8Fd

Cancer p o t e n c y ( m g / k g body w e i g h t / d a y ) -1L i f e t i m e average d a i l y i n t a k e o f contaminants( m g / k g body w e i g h t / d a y )

The c a l c u l a t i o n of risk f rom carcinogens is based on a l i f e -time average d a i l y intake of chemical per k i l o g r a m of bodyweight . A l i f e t i m e average water inge s t ion rate o f 0*029 L / k gbody w e i g h t / d a y i s a s tandard value used by U . S * E P A , Because

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the i n g e s t i o n o f so i l var i e s over a 70-year l i f e t i m e in r e la-t ion to age and body w e i g h t , an age- and t ime-we igh t ed averagei n g e s t i o n f o r soil i s u s ed . T h i s a c count s f o r t h e r e l a t i v e l yh i g h e r i n g e s t i o n rate p er k i l o g r a m o f body w e i g h t in th ey o u n g e r a g e c l a s s e s -The un i t s on the carc inogeni c po t ency f a c t o r e s t i m a t e s f r o mt h e U . S . E P A C a r c i n o g e n A s s e s s m e n t G r o u p ( C A G ) a r e ( m g / k gbody w e i g h t / d a y ) . T h e l i f e t i m e a v e r a g e c h e m i c a l i n t a k emust b e e s t i m a t e d , t h e r e f o r e , in terms o f f og o f c a r c i n o g e n /k g body w e i g h t / d a y .S O I L / S E _ P I M £ N T _ I N _ G E 5 T I _ O N — R E S I D E N T I A L S E T T I N GL i f e t i m e A v e r a g e I n g e s t i o n R a t e sT h e l i f e t i m e average soil o r sediment i n g e s t i o n rate ( L A S I ,in gram3 soi l or s e d i m e n t p er k i l o g r a m o f b ody w e i g h t / d a y )f o r t h e r e s i d e n t i a l s e t t i n g i s e s t i m a t e d f r o m :

LAS I =* 1N M Y .ii = i

where:

sib.iY .

number o f age c l a s s e snumber of year s in a l i f e t i m e { a s s u m e 70soil or s ed iment i n g e s t i o n in age c l a s si ( g m / d a y )b o d y we igh t i n a g e c l a s s i ( k g )number of years in age ca t egory

OOvOOO

F o r a 70-year l i f e t i m e , t h e h i g h e s t e s t i m a t e d L A S I i s0.004 g m / k g b o d y w e i g h t / d a y a n d t h e l owe s t L A S I i s0,0001 g m / k g body w e i g h t / d a y based on the d a t a in T a b l e A-l .I n t a k e C a l c u l a t i o nT h e l i f e t i m e average chemica l in tak e f r o m soil o r s ed iment( L A C I S , i n m i l l i g r a m s o f chemical p e r k i l o g r a m o f d a y w e i g h t /day) i n g e s t i o n i s th e l i f e t i m e e x p o s u r e t o c on taminant s insoil or s e d i m e n t by i n g e s t i o n .

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T a b l e A - IE S T I M A T E D S O I L O R S E D I M E N T I N G E S T I O NB Y BODY W E I G H T A N D A G E

A g e( Y e a r s )0 - 11 - 66 - 1 111 - over

BodyW e i g h t( k g )10153070

a F r o m I C F / C l e r n e n t s&*-.„-.- * - . -

C o n s e r v a t i v eE s t i m a t e dI n g e s t e dS o i l /S e d i m e n t 3

„ ( g / a a y )0.25

0.50.250.1

A s s o c i a t e s , 1987

A v e r a g eE s t i m a t e dI n g e s t e dS o i l /S e d i m e n t( g / d a y )0.050,1

0.050.05

E s t i m a t e dI n g e s t e dS o i l / ,S e d i m e n t( g / d a y )00.100

( t o b e p u b l i s h e d )

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T h e l i f e t i m e a v e r a g e chemica l i n t a k e f r o m so i l o r s e d i m e n ti n g e s t i o n ( L A C I S ) i s :

where:L A C I S = L A S I x C

soil or s ed iment chemical c oncen tra t i onFor the soi l or s e d i m e n t i n g e s t i o n or i n h a l a t i o n r o u t e , theexpo sure d u r a t i o n r e p r e s e n t s the number of days that an in-d i v i d u a l w i l l c on ta c t t h e c o n t a m i n a t e d soil o r s e d i m e n t . I na r e s i d e n t i a l s e t t i n g , b ehavior p a t t e r n s and s ea sonal con-d i t i o n s w i l l most i n f l u e n c e t h e d u r a t i o n o f exposure* C h i l -d r e n a n d a d u l t s w h o e n j o y ou tdoor a c t i v i t i e s a n d h o u s e h o l dp e t s c o u l d c on ta c t s o i l or s e d i m e n t f r e q u e n t l y . C o l d or wetweather u s u a l l y d e t e r s ou tdoor a c t i v i t i e s and d e c r ea s e s expo-sure. H o w e v e r , h o u s e h o l d d u s t g e n e r a t i o n a n d t h e r e s u l t i n ge x p o s u r e cannot b e c o m p l e t e l y a c c o u n t e d f o r o r e l i m i n a t e d .N e a r t h e F r e n c h L i m i t e d S i t e , t h e soi l o r s e d i m e n t i s neverf r o z e n .T h e l i f e t i m e average ch emi ca l i n t a k e f r o m soil o r s e d i m e n ti n g e s t i o n f o r t h e F r e n c h L i m i t e d s i t e may b e e s t i m a t e d a s :

L A C I S ^ L A S I x C g

where:L A C I S = 0.004 x C s

R i s k E s t i m a t i o nT h e e x c e s s l i f e t i m e cancer r i sk f r o m soi l o r s e d i m e n t inge s-t i o n i s e s t i m a t e d a s o u t l i n e d in the Exc e s s L i f e t i m e C a n c e rR i s k E s t i m a t i o n s e c t i o n o f t h i s a p p e n d i x , s u b s t i t u t i n g t h eL A C I S f o r t h e v a r i a b l e d .W A T E R J N G E _ S T I O N - - R E S I D E N T I A L S E T T I N GL i f e t i m e A v e r a g e I n g e s t i o n R a t e sT h e l i f e t i m e average d r i n k i n g water in take ( L A W I , i n L / k gbody w e i g h t / d a y ) f o r r e s i d e n t s i s e s t i m a t e d b y U . S . E P A t ob e 0 , 0 2 9 ( U . S . E P A , 1 9 8 5 a ) .

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I n t a k e C a l c u l a t i o nT h e l i f e t i m e average c h e m i c a l i n t a k e f r o m wa t er i n g e s t i o n( L A C I W ) i s t h e l i f e t i m e e x p o s u r e t o c o n t a m i n a n t s f r o m wateri n g e s t i o n .T h e l i f e t i m e average chemica l i n t a k e f r o m d r i n k i n g w a t e r ,( L A C I W ) , i s :

L A C I W LAWI x Cw0 . 0 2 9 x Cv;

where:w water ch emica l c o n c e n t r a t i o n , m g / L

R i s k E s t i m a t i o nT h e e x c e s s l i f e t i m e cancer r i s k f r o m r e s i d e n t i a l water i n -c r e s t i o n is e s t i m a t e d the same as so i l r i sk but s u b s t i t u t eL A C I W f o r L A C I S .

E S T I M A T I N G R I S K _ S _ _ F O R . T O X I C A N T S F O RC O M P A R I S O N T O . A C C E P T A B L E I N T A K E S

T h e i n t a k e o f var ious c h e m i c a l s f r o m d i f f e r e n t e n v i r o n m e n t a lm e d i a require s the e s t i m a t i o n of not o n l y how much of thechemica l is in the wa t e r , s o i l , or s e d i m e n t but a l s o howmuch wat er or soil i s i n g e s t e d . The d e r i v a t i o n o f averaged a i l y i n t a k e o f c h e m i c a l s i s c a l c u l a t e d f r o m assumed rat e sof i n t a k e for soi l or s e d i m e n t and water.S O I L O R S E D I M E N TT h e average d a i l y chemica l i n t a k e f r o m so i l i n g e s t i o n i se s t i m a t e d as:

OovOOo

where: d . = d a i l y i n t a k e o f chemical i ( m g / d a y ) ,c. - c o n c e n t r a t i o n of chemical i in s o i l( i n g / k g )i « d a i l y soi l i n t a k e ( k g / d a y ) .o

D a i l y soil i n t a k e (i ) i s :o 5 grams per day for a h a b i t u a l "pica" c h i l d in ther e s i d e n t i a l s e t t i n g .o 1 gram per day for c h i l d r e n in the r e s i d e n t i a ls e t t i n g ,

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o 0.1 gram per day for a d u l t s in the r e s i d e n t i a ls e t t i n g or o c c u p a t i o n a l s e t t i n g . A l s o f o r a c h i l din a r e s i d e n t i a l s e t t i n g .T h © d a i l y contaminant ( d . ) in take i s then compared t o a c c e p t -a b l e i n t a k e s .W A T E RThe average d a i l y cherr.ical in take f r o m water i n g e s t i o n i se s t i m a t e d as:

where: d . - d a i l y i n t a k e o f chemical i ( m g / d a y )c. = c o n c e n t r a t i o n of chemical i in w a t e r1 ( m g / L )

w d a i l y water i n t a k e ( L / d a y )D a i l y water intake (i ) i s:\V

2 l i t e r s per day in the r e s i d e n t i a l s e t t i n g for an a d u l t1 l i t e r per day in the r e s i d e n t i a l s e t t i n g for a c h i l d1 l i t e r p e r d a y f o r t h e a d u l t v rker s e t t i n g

T h e d a i l y contaminant i n t a k e ( d . ) i s then compared t o a c c ep t-able i n t a k e s ._ F R A C T I _ Q N A L I 2 A T I O HU n d e r t h i s m e t h o d , t h e p r o j e c t e d in take s f o r each chemicalare d i v i d e d by the a c c e p t a b l e i n t a k e s for each chemical andall the f r a c t i o n s are summed. T h i s sum is c a l l e d a H a z a r dI n d e x ( H I ) .

H I * E I / A L IE i / A L i

E, ~ I n t a k e o f l eve l f or the i t o x i c a n tj_i.AL- - M a x i m u m a c c e p t a b l e l evel f or the i toxicantWhen the H a z a r d I n d e x exceeds one, it is a numerical indication of the t r a n s i t i o n between a c c e p t a b l e and u n a c c e p t a b l ee xpo sur e l e v e l s . T h i s method i s c o n s i s t e n t wi th t h e U . S .EPA g u i d e l i n e s on chemical mixture (U.S. EPA 1 9 8 5 a ) anda n a l o g o u s t o the procedure f or s e t t i n g thr e sho ld l imi tvalues for mixtures used in indu s t r ia l hygiene pract ice s*

C

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B I B L I O G R A P H YA p p l i e d H y d r o l o g y A s s o c i a t e s , I n c . 1986 F i e l d I n v e s t i g a t i o nH y d r o l o g y R e p o r t , F r e n c h L t d . S i t e , . C r o s b y , T e x a s .December 1 9 8 6 .B i n d e r , S * , D . S o k u l , a n d D . M a u g h a n . 1 9 8 5 . E s t i m a t i n g t h eA m o u n t o f S o i l I n g e s t e d b y Y o u n g C h i l d r e n T h r o u g h T r a c e rE l e m e n t s . A u g u s t 1985 R e p o r t b y t h e C e n t e r s f o r D i s e a s eC o n t r o l .Dourson, M . a n d J . S t a r a . R e g u l a t o r y H i s t o r y a n dE x p e r i m e n t a l S u p p o r t o f U n c e r t a i n t y ( S a f e t y ) F a c t o r s .T o x i c i t y _and P h a r m a c o l o g y . 9 ( 1 9 8 3 ) , 2 2 4 - 2 3 8 .i C F / C l e m e n t E s t i m a t e d _ S p i l I n g e s t i o n R a t j ^ o f o r U s e i n R i s kA s s e s sment . To be p u b l i s h e d .I C F , E n v i r o n . 1 9 8 3 . P u b l i c E v a l u a t i o n o f R e m e d i a l A c t i o nA l t e r n a t i v e s : T w o C a s e S t u d i e s . D r a f t Repor t t o O E E R , U . S .E n v i r o n m e n t a l P r o t e c t i o n A g e n c y , J u n e 1 9 8 3 .K i m b r o u g h , R . D . , H . F a l k r P . S t e h r , a n d G . F r i e s , 1984 .H e a l t h I m p l i c a t i o n o f 2 , 3 , 7 , 8 - T e t r a c h l o r o d i b i n 2 o d i o x i n( T C D D ) C o n t a m i n a t i o n o f R e s i d e n t i a l S o i l J o u r n a l o fT o x i c o l o g y , a n d E n v i r o n m e n t a l H e a l t h , 1 4 ( 1 9 8 4 ) ; 47-93 .L e p o w , M . , L , B r u c k m a n , M . Rubino, S . M a r k o w i t z ,M . G i l l e t t e , a n d J . K a p i s h . Rol e o f A i r b o r n e Lead i nI n c r e a s e d Body B u r d e n o f Lead i n H a r t f o r d C h i l d r e n .E n v i r o n m e n t a l H e a l t h P e r s p e c t i v e 1 9 7 4 ; 7 : 9 9 - 1 0 2 .L o c k w o o d , A n d r e w s a n d N e w n a m , I n c . Remedia l I n v e s t i g a t i o nR e p o r t : F r e n c h L t d . S i t e , C r o s b y , T e x a s . A p r i l 1985 .M o r g a n , C - , R . d e m o n s , B . D a v i s , T . E v a n s , J . L i V o l s i , J r . ,A . M i t t e l m a n , J . M u r p h y , J . P a r k e r a n d K . P a r t y m i l l e r .Endangerment A s s e s s m e n t s f o r S u p e r f u n d E n f o r c e m e n t A c t i o n s .P r o c e e d i n g s o f C o n f e r e n c e o n M a n a g e m e n t o f U n c o n t r o l l e dH a z a r d o u s W a s t e S i t e s . N o v e m b e r 1 9 8 5 .Resource E n g i n e e r i n g I n c . , 1 9 3 6 a . R e m e d i a l I n v e s t i g a t i o n. F r e n c h Ltd . _Si t e , C r o s b y , T e x a s . J u n e 1 9 8 6 .

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Resource E n g i n e e r i n g I n c . , 1 9 8 6 b . 1986 F i e l d I n v e s t i g a t i o nR e m e d i a l I n v e s t i g a t i o n R e p o r t , F r e n c h L t d .T e x T s ° I December 1 9 8 6 .S c h a u m , J . , E x p o s u r e A s s e s s m e n t G r o u p , E P A 1984. RiskA n a l y s i s o f T C D D C o n t a m i n a t e d S o i l . N o v e m b e r 1 9 f 4 ,

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U . S . E n v i r o n m e n t a l P r o t e c t i o n A g e n c y . G u i d a n c e Document f o rF e a s i b i l i t y S t u d i e s Un4e_r C E R C L A . 1 9 P 4 M E R L . October 1 8 ,1984. — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —U . S . Environmental P r o t e c t i o n A g e n c y , I 9 8 4 a . S u m m a r y o fP u b l i s h e d ADI ' s f or EPA ' s P r i o r i t y P o l l u t a n t s , ReviewD r a f t . E C A O , A p r i l 1984.U . S . Environmental P r o t e c t i o n A g e n c y , 1984b. Propo s edG u i d e l i n e s f o r C a r c i n o g e n Risk A s s e s s m e n t . 4 9 F R4 6 2 9 4 - 4 6 3 0 1 . N o v e m b e r 23 , 1984.U . S . E n v i r o n m e n t a l P r o t e c t i o n A g e n c y , 1984c. Propo s edG u i d e l i n e s f o r Exposure A s s e s s m e n t . 4 9 F R 4 6 3 0 4 - 4 6 3 1 2 .November 23, 1984.U . S . E n v i r o n m e n t a l P r o t e c t i o n A g e n c y , 1985a. P r o p o s e dG u i d e l i n e s f o r t h e H e a l t h R i s k A s s e s s m e n t o f C h e m i c a lM i x t u r e s . 5 0 F R 1170-1176. J a n u a r y 9 , 1 9 8 5 ,U . S . Environmenta l P r o t e c t i o n A g e n c y , 1985b. Memo f r o m J a c kM c G r a w t o Regional A d m i n i s t r a t o r s , J a n u a r y 1 6 , 1 9 8 5 ,S u b j e c t : E n d a n g e r m e n t A s s e s s m e n t G u i d a n c e - D r a f t .U . S . Environmental P r o t e c t i o n A g e n c y , 1985c. H e a l t hA s s e s s m e n t Document f o r D i c h l o r o m e t h a n e F i n a l R e p o r t .E P A / 6 0 0 / 8 - 8 2 / 0 0 4 F . F e b r u a r y 1985.U . S . E n v i r o n m e n t a l P r o t e c t i o n A g e n c y , I 9 8 5 d . Memo f r o mW . H e d e r c a n , O f f i c e o f E m e r g e n c y a n d R e m e d i a l R e s p o n s e ( O E R R )t o A d d r e s s e e s , J u l y 2 3 , 1985. S u b j e c t ! P u b l i c H e a l t h RiskA s s e s s m e n t : Summary T a b l e o f H e a l t h E f f e c t s V a l u e s . 1985.U . S . E n v i r o n m e n t a l P r o t e c t i o n A g e n c y , 1985e . G u i d a n c e o nF e a s i b i l i t y S t u d i e s U n d e r C E R C L A . O f f i c e o f Emergency a n dR e m e d i a l R e s p o n s e , A p r i l 1 9 8 5 .U . S . Environmental P r o t e c t i o n A g e n c y , 1 9 8 5 f . G u i d a n c e o nRemedia l , I n v e s t i g a t i o n s ? U n d e r C E J R C L A . O f f i c e o f Emergencyand Remedia l R e s p o n s e , May 1985.U . S . E n v i r o n m e n t a l P r o t e c t i o n A g e n c y , 1 9 8 5 g , C h e m i c a l ,P h y s i c a l ,, and B i o l o g i c a l Propert i e s^ of . _ C o m p p u n d s _ Present atH a z a r d W a s t e S i t e s . O f f i c e o f W a s t e Program E n f o r c e m e n t ,S e p t e m b e r 1985.U . S . E n v i r o n m e n t a l P r o t e c t i o n A g e n c y , 1986. S u p e r f u n dPub lie _H_e a 1 1 h Ey a lua t i on _ M a n u a l • October 1986.Verschueren , K a r e l . H a n d b o o k of Enyironmental Data onC h e m i c a l s , Second E d i t i o n . N e w Y o r k ; V a n N o s t r a n d

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P U B L I C M E E T I H GT h e U . S . E n v i r o n m e n t a l P r o t e c t i o n A g e n c y i s c o n d u c t i n g a p u b l i c m e e t i n g a t7:00 p . m . o n T h u r s d a y , M a y 2 1 , 1987 , a t t h e C r o s b y H i g h S c h o o l , 14703 F M 2100.T h e p u r p o s e o f t h e m e e t i n g I s t o :

o Di s cu s s t h e r e s u l t s o f t h e r e c e n t l y c o m p l e t e d n a m e d i a l i n v e s t i g a t i o na n d f e a s i b i l i t y s t u d y o f t h e F r e n c h L t d . S u p e r f u n d S i t e .o Present the r emedi e s c u r r e n t l y p r e f e r r e d by EPA and p r o p o s e d byP o t e n t i a l l y R e s p o n s i b l e P a r t i e s .o Receive p u b l i c comment on both EPA and P o t e n t i a l l y R e s p o n s i b l e P a r t yr e m e d i e s .

E P A ' s P R E F E R R E D R E M E D YA f t e r e v a l u a t i o n o f t h e q u a n t i t y , t o x i c l t y a n d p o t e n t i a l m o b i l i t y o f w a s t e s ,EPA p r o p o s e s t o e m p l o y a t h e r m a l d e s t r u c t i o n s y s t e m to remove c o n t a m i n a n t sf r o m s o i l s a n d s l u d g e s a t t h e s i t e . T h i s c l e a n u p c o n c e p t a l s o I n c l u d e schemical f i x a t i o n o f t r ea t ed s o i l s a n d s l u d g e s f o r e n v i r o n m e n t a l l y s a f e o n -s i t s b u r i a l , t h e t r e a t m e n t ( i f n e e d e d ) a n d d i s c h a r g e o f s u r f a c e w a t e r s t ot h e S a n J a c t n t o R i v e r , a n d a l o n g - t e r m g r o u n d w a t e r m o n i t o r i n g p r o g r a m .T h i s c o n c e p t i s e s t i m a t e d t o cost $120 m i l l i o n a n d t a k e 5 y ear s t o i m p l e m e n ta f t e r t h e d e s i g n h a s been p r e p a r e d . W h i l e i t i s o n e o f t h e most e x p e n s i v ec l e a n - u p s o l u t i o n s t h a t E P A s t u d i e d , 1 t o f f e r s the se b e n e f i t s :

o c o m p l e t e r emoval o f c o n t a m i n a n t s t h a t m i g h t m i g r a t e t h r o u g h g r o u n d -water in th e f u t u r e a v o i d i n g th e need f or d e c a d e s o f p u m p i n g andt r e a t i n g g r o u n d w a t e r ;o u s e o f p r o v e n , e n v i r o n m e n t a l l y s a f e t e c h n o l o g i e s ;o e l i m i n a t i o n o f t h e p o s s i b i l i t y that f u t u r e f l o o d i n g would e xpo s ec o n t a m i n a n t s .

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T h i s c l e a n u p concept a l s o c o n f o r m s w i t h t h e t e t t e r a n d I n t e n t o f t h e n e wS u p e r f u n d l a w a n d w i l l b e c a r r i e d o u t 1 n a manner t h a t meet s o r e x c e e d s a l la p p l i c a b l e , r e l e v a n t o r a p p r o p r i a t e S t a t e a n d F e d e r a l env ironmenta l s t a n d a r d s .P O T E N T I A L L Y R E S P O N S I B L E P A R T I E S P R O P O S A LSome o f the f i r m s t ha t d i s p o s e d o f waste a t the F r e n c h s i t e formed a c o a l i t i o nI n 1983 a n d b e g a n t h e i r o w n s i t e e v a l u a t i o n s t u d i e s . A s a r e s u l t o f t h e s eI n v e s t i g a t i o n s , t h e c o a l i t i o n requested that E P A give serious c o n s i d e r a t i o nt o a b i o l o g i c a l t r e a t m e a t , . c j i n c e p t f o r t h e s i t e . U n d e r a n E P A a d m i n i s t r a t i v eorder s i g n e d on M a r c h i t , 19877 th e r e s p o n s i b l e p a r t i e s have u n d e r t a k e n p i l o ts c a l e t e s t i n g . o f b i o l o g i c a l t r e a t m e n t s y s t e m s o n s i t e , t ha t I s r e q u i r e d t oend by October o f 1987> B i o l o g i c a l t r e a t m e n t o f w a s t e s w o u l d e n t a i l :

o I n p l a c e a e r a t i o n o f l a g o o n w a s t e s t o enhance b i o l o g i c a l d e g r a d a t i o no I m p l e m e n t a t i o n o f c o n t r o l s t o r e d u c e a i r e m i s s i o n so D r a i n a g e o f l a g o o n a n d b a c k f i l l i n go M o n i t o r i n g o f g r o u n d w a t e r d u r i n g a n d a f t e r r e m e d i a t i o n

W h i l e b i o l o g i c a l t r e a t m e n t h a s been j u d g e d t o b e a p p r o p r i a t e f o r a f e w o t h e rS u p e r f u n d s i t e s , t h e w a s t e m i x t u r e s a t t h e F r e n c h s i t e m a y make 1 t I n e f f e c -t i v e , t oo c o s t l y , o* t oo l e n g t h y t o b e g i v e n p r e f e r e n c e over th e EPAp r e f e r r e d t h e r m a l d e s t r u c t i o n c o n c e p t . I t 1 s because o f t h i s u n c e r t a i n t ya n d t h e concern f o r t i m e l i n e s s t h a t E P A 1 s p r o p o s i n g t h e r m a l d e s t r u c t i o nn o w I n s t e a d o f w a i t i n g u n t i l t h e b i o l o g i c a l d e g r a d a t i o n s t u d i e s a r ec o m p l e t e . E P A w i l l g i v e serious c o n s i d e r a t i o n t o s e l e c t i n g b i o l o g i c a ld e g r a d a t i o n a s t h e r emedy I f t h e s e c o n d i t i o n s a r e met:o PRPs s u b m i t a d r a f t r e p o r t to EPA by October 31, 1987, 1n a c c o r d a n c ew i t h t h e A d m i n i s t r a t i v e Ordero B i o l o g i c a l t r e a t m e n t 1 s c l e a r l y d e m o n s t r a t e d t o :

- equal t h e p r o t e c t i o n o f human h e a l t h and e n v i r o n m e n t a f f o r d e d byt h e p r e f e r r e d a l t e r n a t i v e I n t h e shor t a n d l o n g t e r m ,- be a b l e to be a c c o m p l i s h e d on a t i m e f r a m e s i m i l a r to t h e r m a ld e s t r u c t i o n- meet o r exceed a l l a p p l i c a b l e , r e l e v a n t o r a p p r o p r i a t e S t a t eand F e d e r a l r e g u l a t i o n s to the same extent as the p r e f e r r e dremedy.

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I f the s e G O r t d i t l o n s a r e m e t , E P A w i l l p u b l i c l y announce b y December 3 0 , 1987,whether the p r e f e r r e d remedy may be changed . S h o u l d b i o l o g i c a l treatmentb e cho s en , a f i n a l o p p o r t u n i t y f o r p u b l i c comment w i l l b e p r o v i d e d .

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S I T E B A C K G R O U N DT h e F r e n c h L i m i t e d h a z a r d o u s w a s t e s i t e i s l o c a t e d s o u t h o f U . S . H i g h w a y 9 0o n G u l f P u m p Road a p p r o x i m a t e l y 1 / 2 m i l e west o f t h e I n t e r s e c t i o n o f F M 2100a n d H w y 9 0 , 1 n n o r t h e a s t H a r r i s C o u n t y , T e x a s , T h e 2 2 - 1 / 2 acre s i t e l i e sw i t h i n t h e S a n J a d n t o R i v e r f l o o d p l a l n .D u r i n g t h e 1960s, t h e s i t e o p e r a t e d a s a sand p i t . F r e n c h L i m i t e d o f H o u s t o n ,I n c . p u r c h a s e d t h e s i t e I n J u n e 1967 a n d f o r t h e next s i x years 1 t w a s knowna s t h e l a r g e s t d i s p o s a l f a c i l i t y I n t h e H o u s t o n area. A n e s t i m a t e d 100,000b a r r e l s o f I n d u s t r i a l w a s t e were h a n d l e d t h e r e y e a r l y . C i t i z e n c o m p l a i n t sabout o d o r s , f i r e a n d wat er p o l l u t i o n a n d p r o b l e m s o b t a i n i n g o p e r a t i n gp e r m i t s l e a d f i n a l l y t o b a n k r u p t c y p r o c e d u r e s . I n 1973 t h e s i t e w a sa b a n d o n e d . F l o o d s i n 1 9 6 9 , 1 9 7 3 , 1 9 7 9 , a n d 1983 w a s h e d c o n t a m i n a t e dw a t e r a n d s l u d g e s f r o m t h e s i t e . T h e F r e n c h L t d . s i t e w a s d e t e r m i n e d b yt h e U . S . E n v l r o n m e n a t P r o t e c t i o n A g e n c y t o p r e s e n t a l o n g term r i s k t ohuman h e a l t h a n d t h e e n v i r o n m e n t a n d made e l i g i b l e f o r S u p e r f u n d m o n i e s I nDecember 1982.I n 1983, t h e T e x a s W a t e r C o m m i s s i o n I n i t i a t e d s t u d i e s f o r E P A t o d e t e r m i n et h e n a t u r e a n d e x t e n t o f c o n t a m i n a t i o n a t t h e s i t e . T h e o n - s 1 t e w a s t e swere c l a s s i f i e d a s s l u d g e s a n d s e d i m e n t s ; c o n t a m i n a t e d s o i l s , b o t h s u r f a c ea n d u n d e r l y i n g ; c o n t a m i n a t e d s u r f a c e w a s t e s a n d c o n t a m i n a t e d g r o u n d w a t e r s .T h e s i t e c o n t a i n s a 7 1 / 2 acre w a s t e p i t c onu io j .n . f l_8 ,000 c u b i c y a r d s o fs l u d g e s c o n t a m i n a t e d w i t h p o l y c h l o r i n a t e d b ( p h e n o T r j K B s h 60,000 c u b i cy a r d s o f s l u d g e s c o n t a i n i n g o th er o r g a n i c p o m r t a n t s a n d m e t a l s , 80,000cub i c y a r d s o f c o n t a m i n a t e d s o i l s c o n t a i n i n g o r g a n i c p o l l u t a n t s a n d m e t a l s ,a n d 2 5 m i l l i o n g a l l o n s o f s u r f a c e wa t e r c o n t a m i n a t e d b y o r g a n i c c o m p o u n d s .A f t e r d e t e r m i n i n g t h e n a t u r e a n d q u a l i t y o f w a s t e s , E P A a n d t h e S t a t es t u d i e d a v a r i e t y o f r e m e d i e s 1 n a F e a s i b i l i t y S t u d y . I n a d d i t i o n t o t h ep r e f e r r e d a l t e r n a t i v e , o t h e r c l e a n u p c o n c e p t s g i v e n s e r i o u s s t u d y I n c l u d e d :

o T h e r m a l d e s t r u c t i o n o f s l g d g e s _ o n 1 _ y , w i t h c o n t a m i n a t e d s o i l s l e f ti n p l a c e . A l l t h e o t h e r f e a t u r e s o f t h e p r e f e r r e d remedy w o u l dr emain t h e same. W h i l e e s t i m a t e d t o cost s u b s t a n t i a l l y l e s s( $ 7 5 m i l l i o n ) , t h i s a p p r o a c h i s j u d g e d l e s s p r e f e r a b l e becauseo f t h e q u e s t i o n o f t h e l o n g term r e l i a b i l i t y o f f i x a t i n g o r g a n i cw a s t e s a n d t h e p o s s i b i l i t y o f f u t u r e e x p o s u r e t o t h e s e w a s t e sf r o m recurrent s i t e f l o o d i n g .o Encaps^_1_at_e c o n t a m l n a n t s by s i u r r y wal 1 s_an_d_ a. mult_1_-0ayergd c a p «t h f s T T t e r n a t i v e 1 s a c o n t a i n m e n t remedy w i t h "a"cost" o f J43 n r m l o n ,I t I s n o t r e commended because o f t h e same f a c t o r s l i s t e d f o r t h ep r e c e e d i n g a l t e r n a t i v e .

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o N o a c t i o n . T h e S u p e r f u n d s t a t u t e r e q u i r e s f u l l c o n s i d e r a t i o n b eg iven t o " ' a n o a c t i o n a l t e r n a t i v e . A cost o f o n e h a l f m i l l i o nI s a s s o c i a t e d w i t h t h i s a l t e r n a t i v e f o r f e n c i n g a n d f u t h e rm o n i t o r i n g ; however , no a c t i o n w o u l d be t a k e n to c o n t a i n ort r ea t t h e w a s t e . T h i s I s t h e l e a s t p r e f e r r e d a l t e r n a t i v e s i m p l ybecause f u t u r e o f f - s i t e m i g r a t i o n w o u l d n o t b e p r e v e n t e d ,P U B L I C C O N H E K T O N T H E F E A S I B I L I T Y S T U D YC o p i e s o f t h e R e m e d i a l I n v e s t i g a t i o n a n d F e a s i b i l i t y S t u d y a r e a v a i l a b l e f o rr ev i ew a t E P A ' s o f f i c e a t 1445 Ross A v e n u e I n D a l l a s a n d a t t h e f o l l o w i n gl o c a t i o n s :

R i c e U n i v e r s i t yF o u n d r e n L i b r a r y , D o c u m e n t s D e p t .6100 M a i nH o u s t o n , T e x a s 77005A t t n : M s . B a r b a r a K l l eT e x a s W a t e r C o m m i s s i o nD i s t r i c t 7 F i e l d O f f i c e4301 C e n t e r S t r e e tDear P a r k , T e x a s 77536C h a m b e r o f Commerc e506 C h u r c h S t r e e tC r o s b y , T e x a s 7 7 5 3 2

U n i v e r s i t y o f H o u s t o nL i b r a r y , D o c u m e n t s C e n t e r4800 C a l h o u nH o u s t o n , T e x a s 77023A t t n : M s . J u d y M e y e r sH o u s t o n - G a l v e s t o n A r e a C o u n c i l3555 T i m m o n sH o u s t o n , T e x a s 7 7 2 2 7 - 9 9 7 2A t t n : M r a C a r l M a s t e r s o nT e x a s W a t e r C o m m i s s i o nS t e p h e n F . A u s t i n S t a t eO f f i c e B u i l d i n gF i f t h F l o o r1700 N o r t h C o n g r e s s A v e n u eA u s t i n T e x a sC i t y o f H o u s t o n ( M a i n O f f i c e s )901 B a g b y , S u i t e 203H o u s t o n , T e x a s 77251A t t n : M s . A n n a R u s s e l lC i t y S e c r e t a r y

E P A w i l l a c c e p t w r i t t e n comment s o n t h e F r e n c h L t d . s i t e b e g i n n i n g M a y 1 1and e n d i n g J u n e 1 , 1987.B o t h w r i t t e n a n d s p o k e n c omment s w i l l b e a c c e p t e d a t t h e p u b l i c m e e t i n g .W r i t t e n comment s may b e s u b m i t t e d a t th e p u b l i c m e e t i n g or m a i l e d t o

C a r l E d l u n d , C h i e fS u p e r f u n d P r o g r a m BranchU . S . E n v i r o n m e n t a l P r o t e c t i o n A g e n c y ( 6 H - S )1445 Ross A v e n u eD a l l a s , T e x a s 75202-2733

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