Lecture # 1

Chemical Engineering Department UET Lahore

Ch.E-406 Environmental Engineering

Course Description Introduction to ecology of

environment; Impact of technology on ecology of system; The effects of industrial pollutants on human environments; Environmental impact assessment & sustainable development; Air pollution and its control; Water pollution and its control; Industrial waste water and its control; Industrial noise pollution and its control; Future requirements of process industries and developments under the constraints of diminishing world resources and ecological demands of human environment.

Objective The environment encompasses

the whole of life on earth and the complex interactions that link the living world with the physical world. In a general sense, this covers everything contained within the air, land and water. Sudden and dramatic natural changes to the environment have occurred, and continue to occur, which have the potential to upset the whole balance of the Earth's ecosystem.

To increase individual’s awareness level by providing information that will encourage to change the behavior and decrease the chance for an unpleasant event.

Reduce injuries and illnesses and in maintaining a safe working environment.

Ob

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ive

Provide us with a structured system for identifying hazards, assessing risks associated with those hazards, putting in place measures to control the unacceptable risks and to review the control measures to ensure they are effective and have not introduced new hazards.

Ob

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ive

What is Environment?

The environment encompasses the whole of life on earth and the complex interactions that link the living world with the physical world

Environmental Engineering

Environmental engineering is the application of science and engineering principles to improve the environment (air, water, and/or land resources), to provide healthy water, air, and land for human habitation and for other organisms, and to remediate polluted sites.

Science & Engineering

Science…improve our understanding of natural processes

Engineering…use this understanding to develop and apply technologies that will maintain or improve environmental quality

What is Ecosystem?

POPULATION A population is one

species living in a specific area.

For example, all foxes living in an area form a population.

COMMUNITY A community is formed

from all living populations found in an area.

All the foxes, dandelions, grasshoppers, snakes, hawks, deer, and skunks living in one area each form their individual populations, but together make up a community

ECOSYSTEM An ecosystem is

formed by the interactions between all living and non-living things

What is Ecology?

Ecology is how living and non-living things affect each other in their environment.

Non-living parts of your community

Buildings Roads Bodies of water Automobiles Traffic lights

Pollution

The introduction of substances or energy into the environment, by people, liable to cause harm to living creatures or ecological systems.

How did pollution begin?

1. More sophisticated lifestyles.

2. Growing needs of people.

3. Accelerated rates of human and economic activities.

Contd…

Waste becomes pollution if the level discharged exceeds the capacity of the environment to absorb it without adverse effect.

The types of pollution that we are going to look at: Air Pollution Water Pollution Land Pollution Noise pollution Thermal pollution Radiation pollution

Air Pollution

Air pollution is the introduction of chemicals, particulate matter, or biological materials that cause harm or discomfort to humans or other living organisms, or cause damage to the natural environment or built environment, into the atmosphere

Water Pollution

Water pollution is the contamination of water bodies (e.g. lakes, rivers, oceans and groundwater).

Land Pollution

Land pollution is the degradation of Earth's land surfaces often caused by human activities and their misuse of land resources.

Noise Pollution

Noise pollution is excessive, displeasing human, animal or machine-created environmental noise that disrupts the activity or balance of human or animal life.