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Environmental Monitoring Report

This report has been submitted to ADB by the Economic Reconstruction Agency, Government of Jammu and Kashmir, and is made publicly available in accordance with ADB’s public communications policy (2011). It does not necessarily reflect the views of ADB.

This environmental monitoring report is a document of the borrower. The views expressed herein do not necessarily represent those of ADB's Board of Directors, Management, or staff, and may be preliminary in nature. In preparing any country program or strategy, financing any project, or by making any designation of or reference to a particular territory or geographic area in this document, the Asian Development Bank does not intend to make any judgments as to the legal or other status of any territory or area.

Project Number: 41116-023 May 2016 Period: July 2015 – December 2015

IND: Jammu and Kashmir Urban Sector Development Investment Pogram

Submitted by

Economic Reconstruction Agency, Government of Jammu and Kashmir

Semi-Annual Environmental Monitoring Report

Loan Number: 2331 IND

Period: July 2015 to December 2015

IND: Jammu and Kashmir Urban Sector Development

Investment Program

Submitted By:

Economic Reconstruction Agency, Government of Jammu and Kashmir

Contents

1. INTRODUCTION ....................................................................................................................... 1

2. COMPLIANCE STATUS WITH NATIONAL /STATE /LOCAL STATUTORY

ENVIRONMENTAL REQUIREMENTS .................................................................................. 5

3. COMPLIANCE STATUS WITH THE ENVIRONMENTAL COVENANTS AS

STIPULATED IN THE LOAN AGREEMENT ........................................................................ 7

4. COMPLIANCE STATUS WITH ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT AND

MONITORING PLANS AS STIPULATED IN THE ENVIRONMENTAL

DOCUMENTATION AS AGREED WITH ADB. .................................................................... 8

5. APPROACH AND METHODOLOGY ENGAGED FOR ENVIRONMENTAL

MONITORING OF THE PROJECT ...................................................................................... 11

6. MONITORING OF ENVIRONMENTAL RECEPTORS/ ATTRIBUTES ............................. 11

7. ANY OTHER ENVIRONMENTAL ASPECTS, IMPACTS OBSERVED DURING

IMPLEMENTATION WHICH WERE NOT COVERED EARLIER ...................................... 38

8. DETAILS OF COMPLAINTS RECEIVED FROM PUBLIC AND ACTIONS TAKEN

THEREOF TO RESOLVE ..................................................................................................... 38

9. FOLLOW-UP ACTIONS AND CONCLUSION ..................................................................... 38

APPENDIX-1: PUBLIC CONSULTATION ATTENDANCE SHEET- TRANCHE 1 ............... 39

APPENDIX-2: PUBLIC CONSULTATION PHOTOS-TRANCHE 1 PKG NO. WW-05 ......... 40

APPENDIX-3: SAMPLING LOCATIONS OF SANITARY LANDFILL SITE AT ACHAN,

SRINAGAR ............................................................................................................................ 41

APPENDIX-4: SAMPLING SITE LOCATIONS OF RAW WATER MAIN FROM

HARWAN TO NISHAT WTP, SRINAGAR .......................................................................... 42

APPENDIX-5: AIR AND NOISE SAMPLING SITE LOCATIONS IN JAMMU

SUBPROJECTS. TRANCHE – I .......................................................................................... 43

JKUSDIP – Semi-Annual Environmental Monitoring Report (July 2015 – December2015)

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1. INTRODUCTION

1.1 Overall Project Description

1. The State of Jammu and Kashmir lies in the northernmost part of the country and

shares international border with Pakistan and China. This physiographic situation

attaches strategic importance to the region as well as the infrastructural development

in the state. The state has three main geographical regions namely Jammu, Kashmir

valley and highlands of Ladakh. As per details from Census 2011, Jammu and

Kashmir has population of 1.25 Crores, an increase from figure of 1.01 Crore in 2001

census. The population forms 1.04% of India in 2011, compared to 0.99% in 2001. As

per census 2011, the Sex Ratio of female is 889 per 1000 male, which is below

national average of 940. While, in 2001 the sex ratio of female was 900 per 1000

males. The literacy rate has seen an upward trend at 67.16% as per 2011 census as

compared to the national literacy rate of 64.80%, while in 2001 literacy rate stood at

55.52%.

2. Jammu and Srinagar are the two major cities where majority of urban population is

concentrated while other smaller towns share the rest. Urban infrastructure in these

places for long has been neglected and hence, is subject to severe urban

infrastructure problems. Although, at least, majority of population in Jammu and

Srinagar cities have been provided with piped water supplies, the other urban

amenities remain neglected. This is mainly due to meager investments made in the

urban infrastructure either by private or by public sector.

3. The Government of Jammu and Kashmir (GoJK), apart from the ADB financed Multi-

Sector Project for Infrastructure Rehabilitation (MPIR) in Jammu and Kashmir, again

approached ADB for assistance in urban sector development for more development

works and studies so as to implement comprehensively the urban sector reforms. The

GoJK through Jammu and Kashmir Economic Reconstruction Agency has conceived

the Jammu and Kashmir Urban Sector Development Investment Program (JKUSDIP)

in its effort to boost economic growth in Jammu and Kashmir State. The primary

objective of JKUSDIP is to promote economic development in Jammu and Kashmir

State through expansion of basic services such as water supply, sewerage,

sanitation, drainage, solid waste management, urban transport and other municipal

functions in Jammu, Srinagar and other important urban centers of the State.

JKUSDIP will also strengthen the service delivery capacity of the responsible state

urban agencies and urban local bodies through management reforms, capacity

building and training.

1.2 Project Objectives

4. The proposed JKUSDIP will foster the economic growth in Jammu and Kashmir State.

The long term Project objectives are to contribute to the economic development of

Jammu and Kashmir through enhanced and sustainable growth in the main urban

areas with emphasis on promoting commerce and on improvement of livelihood for

the poor.


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5. The urban sector sub-projects are aimed at expansion of basic services such as

water supply, sanitation, waste management, urban transport and other municipal

functions in Jammu and Srinagar cities and other urban centers in order to cater to

the demands and requirements of the increasing population. The overall program

envisages the following broad benefits:

i. Improved water supply system

ii. Improved sewerage/drainage systems

iii. Improved solid waste management

iv. Improved road and traffic (urban transport) conditions

v. Other municipal facilities

6. Besides the above mentioned outputs, the economic opportunity development plans

planned for five cities/towns (Kathua, Udhampur, Anantnag, Baramulla and Kargil) will

provide road map for future urban development in these towns. The investment

program will strengthen the service delivery capacity of the responsible state urban

agencies and urban local bodies (ULBs) through management reforms, capacity

building and training

1.3 Environmental Category

7. The Project 1 under JKUSDIP was categorized as Environmental Category B,

according to ADB’s Environment Policy (2002). However, so far only one sub-project

i.e., Procurement of works at Sanitary landfill site Achan, Srinagar has been

categorized as “B-sensitive”. All other subprojects under execution in Srinagar and Jammu have been categorized as Category B.

1.4 Environmental Performance Indicators, if any

8. For effective monitoring, selected environmental parameters have been identified as

indicators which may be qualitatively and quantitatively measured and compared over

a period of time in order to assess/ensure the compliance to environmental

management plans (EMPs). The environmental performance indicators selected are

physical, biological and social characteristics identified as most important in affecting

the environment at critical locations all along the sub-project corridors. The

parameters identified as performance indicators are:

i. Compliance with environmental management and monitoring plans.

ii. Compliance to state/national environmental regulations.

iii. Monitoring of ambient air quality, water quality and noise levels and

comparison with baseline environmental quality and state/national standards.

iv. Biological parameters like survival success rate of plants and bio-indicators

(like frogs etc. as good indicator of environment) in case of Achan Landfill Site


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1.5 Overall project progress, agreed milestones and implementation schedules

9. In Srinagar, overall project progress as on December 2015 for the following four sub-projects is as follows:

i. Construction of Approach Road to Achan Landfill Site at Srinagar. (Subproject

completed-100%)

ii. Procurement of Works at Sanitary Landfill Site (Cell-1) Achan, Srinagar

(Subproject progress- 100%).

iii. Construction of Cell-2 at existing Landfill Site at Achan, Srinagar (Subproject

progress- 81.21%).

iv. Providing, Laying, Jointing, Testing and Commissioning of Raw Water

Transmission Main from Harwan Reservoir to Nishat Water Treatment Plant in

Srinagar City. (Subproject completed- 100%)

10. In Jammu, overall project progress for the following two sub-projects is as follows:

i. Procurement of Sewage Treatment Plant of Capacity 30 MLD based on Aerobic

Attached Growth MBBR Technology on Design, Supply, Construction,

Installation, Testing & Commissioning, Trial run for 6 months and Operation and

Maintenance for 12 Months (Turnkey Basis) at Jammu Package No. : JKUSDIP

Jammu / WW – 04. (Subproject Progress-90.46%)

ii. Laying of special sewers network through drain falling in areas of Bakshi Nagar,

Shakti Nagar, Shiv Nagar & Janipur in Jammu city. Package No. JKUSDIP

Jammu / WW – 05. (Subproject Progress-17.81%)

1.6 Any other information useful for assessing environmental performance of the project.

Public consultation and grievance redressal:

6. Public consultation has evolved as a useful tool in addressing the issues and rectification of the same wherever possible. The public consultation is the ongoing and continuous process, which is conducted on regular basis in Jammu and Srinagar subprojects under execution, with local residents to ensure that they are fully engaged in the project and have the opportunity to participate in its implementation. Formal consultations as well as adhoc regular discussions with the local residents both form part of the public consultation process.

7. Communication with the local residents is always open and views of the residents are taken into consideration during planning of the work programs under JKUSDIP so that the people suffer least disturbance and inconvenience as the work is executed.

8. Various issues were discussed during formal consultation which includes:-

a) Removal of surplus and waste material b) Restoration of damaged water supply connection c) Restoration of roads and lanes d) Inconvenience with regard to access disruption


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e) Dust and noise problems faced during execution of work f) Use of proper barricading to ensure the safety of public and workers.

9. Mitigation measures discussed during formal consultation includes:

i. Clearing passageways and roads of surplus waste material on priority ii. Speedy restoration of all the utilities iii. Simultaneous road restorations after execution of work iv. Provision of alternate access routes till restoration is achieved v. Using appropriate dust suppression measures and proper noise/air monitoring.

Frequent water sprinkling and removal of left over soil arising due to the excavation activities.

vi. Barricading of the site under construction to ensure safety of pedestrians etc

Details of the participants, consulted during the Public consultation and related photographs are appended at Appendix -1 and Appendix- 2 respectively.

JKUSDIP – Semi-Annual Environmental Monitoring Report (July 2015 – December 2015)

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2. COMPLIANCE STATUS WITH NATIONAL /STATE /LOCAL STATUTORY ENVIRONMENTAL REQUIREMENTS

11. Table 1: Status of statutory environmental requirements is summarized below;

S. N. Name of Sub-project Statutory Environmental

Requirements Status of Compliance Actions Required

Srinagar

1 Construction of Approach Road to

Achan Landfill Site at Srinagar.

Package No.: URBAN/SGR/SWM/02

Contract completed (100%)

2 Procurement of Works at Sanitary

Landfill Site (Cell-1) Achan Srinagar.

Package No. : JKUSDIP/SWM/01

Subproject Completed (100%).

3 Procurement of works of

construction of sanitary Landfill Cell

2nd and Leachate Treatment Plant

at existing SLF site at Achan,

Srinagar. Package No. :

JKUSDIP/SWM/03

Environmental clearance under EIA notification, 2006

Not Required.

Approval for tree cutting Not Required.

Consent to establish/ operate sanitary landfill from SPCB as per MSW 2000 Rules

Consent to establish Landfill from JKSPCB obtained by SMC: 281 of 2015 Dated 25-04-2015 validity upto September 2015

Consent to establish & operate D.G Set

Renewed consent obtained and submitted by contractor vide consent no. 112 of 2015 Dated: 14-07-2015 (validity till 23-06-2016).

PUC certificates for contractor’s vehicles.

Obtained and submitted by Contractor


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4 Providing, Laying, Jointing, Testing

and Commissioning of Raw Water

Transmission Main from Harwan

Reservoir to Nishat Water Treatment

Plant in Srinagar City. Package No. :

(JKUSDIP/SRINAGAR/WS/01)

Subproject Completed (100%).

Jammu.


and Commissioning of Sewerage

network in Bakshi Nagar and Ranbir

Collector Sewer of Division ‘A’ phase-II at Jammu. Package No.:

JKUSDIP Jammu / WW – 01

Contract Packages of WW-01 and WW-02 Terminated and converted into WW-07 as a single contract project under Tranche-3.


and Commissioning of Sewerage

network in Janipur, Shiv Nagar and

Shakti Nagar of Division ‘A’ phase-II

at Jammu. Package No.: JKUSDIP

Jammu / WW – 02

7 Procurement of Sewage Treatment

Plant of Capacity 30 MLD based on

Aerobic Attached Growth MBBR

Technology on Design, Supply,

Construction, Installation, Testing &

Commissioning, Trial run for 6

Approval for Tree Cutting Cutting of trees not required. Consent to operate

required at the time

of commissioning.

Consent to Establish and Operate STP from SPCB

Consent to establish issued by SPCB vide consent no: 216 of 2015, dated 23-04-2015 and valid upto Nov 2015. The renewal of the same is under process.

Consent to operate required at the time of


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months and Operation and

Maintenance for 12 Months (Turnkey

Basis) at Jammu

Package No. : JKUSDIP Jammu /

WW – 04

commissioning.

Consent to establish and operate Stone Crusher

Not required as civil works completed.

PUC Certificates for contractor’s vehicles

Obtained and submitted by the contractor.

8 Laying of special sewers network

through drain falling in areas of

Bakshi Nagar, Shakti Nagar, Shiv

Nagar &Janipur in Jammu city.

Package No. : JKUSDIP Jammu /

WW – 05

Approval for Tree Cutting Cutting of trees not required.

Consent to establish and operate for Stone Crusher

Contractor procuring stone aggregate

material from approved Stone Crusher Plant

Consent to operate for the same issued vide consent No: 110 of 2015, Dated 18/04/2015, valid upto March 2016 submitted by contractor

PUC Certificates for contractor’s vehicles

Obtained and submitted by the contractor


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3. COMPLIANCE STATUS WITH THE ENVIRONMENTAL COVENANTS AS STIPULATED IN THE LOAN AGREEMENT

12. Table 2: The status of compliance with environmental loan covenants is summarized below;

Loan covenants Compliance status

A. The State and ERA shall ensure that:

The project is carried out and all project facilities are designed, constructed, operated, maintained and monitored in compliance with the environmental laws and regulations of the borrower, State, ADB’s environment policy and EARF.

Being complied with.

Subprojects encroaching any national park or its buffer zone shall not be included in the project.

No subproject is encroaching upon any national park or its buffer zone.

Each PMU shall prepare an IEE or EIA report as required, including an EMP, with adequate public consultation for each Subproject, in accordance with the EARF and submit it to ADB for review and approval before award of any contract. The EIA or IEE for “B sensitive” subprojects shall be subject to the 120 day requirement of public disclosure.

The IEE reports for all sub projects were prepared in accordance with EARF and submitted to ADB. Except construction of Sanitary landfill sites at Srinagar, no other subproject is so far categorized as ‘B sensitive’.

B. Each PIU shall ensure that:

All mitigation measures identified in the IEEs/ EIAs and the EMPs, prepared for the subprojects, as applicable, are incorporated in subproject designs, and are carried out during their construction, O&M, and are disclosed to stakeholders.

Being complied with

If there are any changes in specific locations or alignments of any infrastructure or project facilities after completion of the process of IEE/EIA or any new information is made available during detailed design and or implementation that has an impact on the environmental assessment process, then additional environmental assessment shall be carried out by ERA and the ERA shall take prior approval of ADB before further physical implementation of the subproject.

In case of any changes in specific location or alignments of infrastructure or project facilities after the process of IEE, additional environmental assessment shall be done and a process similar to IEE, acceptable to ADB, shall be undertaken.

All environmental clearances required by all laws, acts, and regulations at national, state and local levels are obtained in a timely manner and prior to commencement of civil works for the relevant subproject.

All required clearances have been obtained.

The ERA shall submit to ADB semi-annual progress reports on the implementation of the EMPs, and measures under the IEE/EIA, for review and disclosure in accordance with ADB’s Public Communications Policy

Semi-annual reports are prepared and submitted to ADB as per the guidelines.

Appropriate budgetary allocation is provided to PMUs to fulfill their responsibilities for implementation of mitigation measures and monitoring requirements as outlined in the IEEs/ EIAs and the EMPs. ERA shall design and conduct training programs for environment specialists and project staff.

Environmental monitoring and mitigation costs allocated/ incorporated in contract agreements/ bidding documents. ERA has conducted environmental training programs for project staff.


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4. COMPLIANCE STATUS WITH ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT AND MONITORING PLANS AS STIPULATED IN THE ENVIRONMENTAL DOCUMENTATION AS AGREED WITH ADB.

13. Table 3: The compliance status with environmental management and monitoring plan is summarized below;

S. N.

Sub-project Name

EMP Part of Contract Documents

EMP Being Implemented

Status of EMP Implementation

Actions Proposed/ Additional Corrective Measures Required

(Yes/No) (Yes/No) (Excellent/ Satisfactory/

Partially Satisfactory/ Below Satisfaction)

Srinagar

1. Construction of Approach Road to Achan Landfill Site at Srinagar. URBAN/SGR/SWM/02

Subproject Completed.

2. Procurement of Works at Sanitary Landfill Site (Cell-1) Achan Srinagar. (JKUSDIP/SWM/01)

Yes Yes Subproject completed

3 Procurement of works of construction of sanitary Landfill Cell-2 and Leachate Treatment Plant at existing LFS at Achan, Srinagar (JKUSDIP/SWM/03)

Yes Yes Satisfactory

4. Providing, Laying, Jointing Testing and Commissioning of Raw Water Transmission Main from Harwan Reservoir to Nishat Water Treatment Plant in Srinagar City.(JKUSDIP/SGR/WS/01)

Yes Yes Subproject Completed


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S. N.

Sub-project Name







Jammu.

5. Providing, Laying, Jointing, Testing and Commissioning of Sewerage network in Bakshi Nagar and Ranbir Collector Sewer of Division ‘A’ phase-II at Jammu. Package No.: JKUSDIP Jammu / WW – 01

Contract Packages WW-01 and WW-02 Terminated and converted into WW-07 as a single contract project under Tranche-3.

6. Providing, Laying, Jointing, Testing and Commissioning of Sewerage network in Janipur, Shiv Nagar and Shakti Nagar of Division ‘A’ phase-II at Jammu. Package No.: JKUSDIP Jammu / WW – 02

7. Procurement of Sewage Treatment Plant of Capacity 30 MLD based on Aerobic Attached Growth MBBR Technology on Design, Supply, Construction, Installation, Testing & Commissioning, Trial run for 6 months and Operation and Maintenance for 12 Months (Turnkey Basis) at Jammu Package No. : JKUSDIP Jammu / WW – 04.

Yes Yes Satisfactory


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S. N.

Sub-project Name







8. Laying of special sewers network through drain falling in areas of Bakshi Nagar, Shakti Nagar,Shiv Nagar &Janipur in Jammu city. Package No. : JKUSDIP Jammu / WW – 05

Yes Yes Partially Satisfactory For non-compliance of EMP measures certain amount from IPCs of contractors was deducted and the details for the same are mentioned in table-below The contractor is continuously persuaded to strengthen the PPEs for workers and traffic safety measures etc.


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Details of amount deducted from the IPC's for Non-compliance towards various components of EMP, in accordance with ERA Circular No.: ERA/CEO/1038/ADM/9629-42, DATED 10/01/2013, during the period July 2015 – December 2015

Table 4a-: Status of amount deducted from the IPC’s for Non –compliance of EMP, Jammu.

S. No.

Contract Package Bill No. Total Recommended

Deductions

Tranche - 1

1. JKUSDIP/Jammu/WW-05 IPC-02 Rs 51,273

5. APPROACH AND METHODOLOGY ENGAGED FOR ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING OF THE PROJECT

14. In Srinagar, construction work on one subproject of Sanitary Landfill Site (Procurement of works

of Cell-2) is under progress whereas, three subprojects (construction of approach road to SLF

site Achan, Procurement of Works at SLF Cell-1 and Raw Water Transmission Main from

Harwan Reservoir to Nishat Water Treatment Plant are completed.

15. In Jammu, two subprojects are under progress and whereas, the two subprojects of Package No.

WW-01 and 02 are terminated and balance work allocated in Tranche-3 under package WW-07.

All contracting firms have nominated and mobilized Environmental Safety Officers for ensuring

EMP implementation at site and reporting thereof for the subprojects under execution. Monthly

environmental reports are being submitted at the end of each month by the Contractors.

16. Site visit/ inspections are being carried out on regular basis to assess the EMP implementation of

the subprojects under execution.

17. The safeguards staff conducts frequent site visits to monitor the implementation of safeguard

measures on sites and report to concerned official about issues/problems related to

environmental non-compliance. Necessary directions in the form of corrective action measures,

in case of non-compliances, are being issued to the contractors on the site and through letters

about the procedures to resolve problems/issues or requirements.

18. Apart from this, regular meetings on environmental issues are being taken by CEO, J&K ERA

and Director Safeguards, J&K ERA with consultants and environmental staff of ERA.

6. MONITORING OF ENVIRONMENTAL RECEPTORS/ ATTRIBUTES

6.1 Monitoring basis:

19. Ambient air quality, water quality and noise levels are being monitored to check if any adverse impact is being caused by the construction activities. The monitoring of these variables is to be carried out in construction areas at sensitive locations within 100m impact zone of the subproject. The monitoring of environmental variables is being carried out as per the agreed Environmental Monitoring Plan (EMP).


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6.2 Type of environmental receptor/attribute to be monitored (for each type):

20. The environmental attributes monitored include the air, noise and water quality parameters at the

construction sites in sub-project corridors. The air quality parameters monitored include RSPM

(PM10) and (PM2.5), SO2 and NO2.The water quality parameters include temperature, pH,

Electrical Conductivity (EC), Dissolved Oxygen (DO), Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD5),

Total Suspended Solids (TSS), Total Dissolved Solids (TDS), Turbidity, Total Alkalinity, Total

Hardness, Calcium Hardness and Magnesium Hardness. In case of noise, the day time Leq

values are monitored.

6.3 Methodology, Regulatory Standards of monitoring and equipment’s adopted for

Environmental Monitoring Laboratory (EML):

21. Table 4:The Assessment Methodology, Acceptable Standards and Equipment’s adopted for monitoring under Tranche-1 subprojects are tabulated below;

S. # Parameters Assessment Methodology

1Acceptable Standards

Cause for rejection

Equipment’s in Use

A. Ambient Air Quality (2NAAQ Standards, 2009)- Time weighted average

1. RSPM–particulate matter PM10

PM2.5

Gravimetric High VolumeSampler method (attached with cyclone).

Beta Attenuation

100 µg/m3

60 µg/m

3

RespirableDustSampler, Envirotech -APM 460 BL Digital Balance, Schimadzu – BL-220H RSPM2.5 sampler, Instrumex, Model No. IPM-FDS 2.5/10µ

2. SO2 Modified West and Geake Method.

80 µg/m3 High Volume Air

Sampler, Envirotech –APM 460BL. Thermo-electrically cooled gaseous sampling attachment, Envirotech –APM 411TE DigitalSpectrophotometer, EI 305.

3. NO2 Jacob &Hochheiser Modified (Sodium Arsenide) Method.

80 µg/m3 High Volume Air

Sampler, Envirotech –APM 460BL. Thermo-electrically cooled gaseous sampling attachment, Envirotech –APM 411TEDigitalSpectrophotometer, EI-305.

B. 3Ambient Noise Level

1. Residential Area

Direct Reading in Decibel Sound Level Meter.

55dB(A) Leq

(Day time) Digital Sound Level

Meter, AZ-8928

1CPHEEO Manual, MoUD, GOI, May 1999; and MoEF, Act and Rules, 1986& Amendments 2000 2National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) 3Standards specified in the schedule of Noise Pollution (Regulation and Control) Rules, 2000 of Government of India.

The Principal Rules were published in the Gazette of India, vide S.O. 123(E), dated 14.2.2000 and subsequently

amended vide S.O. 1046(E), dated 22.11.2000, S.O. 1088(E), dated 11.10.2002, S.O. 1569 (E), dated 19.09.2006 and

S.O. 50 (E) dated 11.01.2010 under the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986.


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2. Commercial Area

Direct Reading in Decibel Sound Level Meter.

65 dB(A) Leq

(Day time)) Digital Sound Level

Meter, AZ-8928

S.# Parameters Assessment Methodology

Acceptable Standards

Cause for rejection

Equipment’s in use

C. 4Ambient Water Quality (For Drinking / Ground Water)

1. Temp (in ºC)

Digital/Mercury Thermometer Method.

>20 ºC Digital/Mercury Thermometer

2. Color (Hazen units)

Hazen Method 5 Platinum cobalt scale

25 -

3. Taste and Odour

Un-objectionable

Objectionable

-

4. pH value Electrometric Method. 6.5-8.5 >8.5 Digital pH Meter, HANNA – HI98127,

5. Electrical Conductivity (EC) µs/cm

Electrometric Method. ≤ 500 µs/cm 1000 µs/cm Digital TDS/EC Meter, HANNA – HI-96311

6. Dissolved Oxygen (DO) mg/l

Winkler's Method Using Azide Modification

> 6 mg/l Winkler's Method

7. Total Suspended Solids (TSS) mg/l

Gravimetric (Filtration and Drying at 105°C)

<120 mg/L Hot Air Oven, Digital Balance, Schimadzu-BL-220H

8. Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) mg/l

Digital Meter Method. ≤ 500 mg/l 2000 mg/l BOD Incubator

9. Turbidity (NTU)

Nephelo Turbidity Method.

1mg/l 10 mg/l Nephelo Turbidity Meter, Systronics – 132

10. Total Hardness (as CaCO3) mg/l

EDTA Titrimetric 300 mg/l 600 mg/l -

11. Total Alkalinity (as CaCO3) mg/l

Titrimetric (Methyl Orange)

200 mg/l 600 mg/l -

12. Calcium Hardness (Ca) mg/l

EDTA Titrimetric 75 mg/l 200 mg/l -

13. Magnesium Hardness (Mg) mg/l

Calculation from total Hardness and Calcium

30 mg/l 150 mg/l -

D.5Bacteriological Parameters (For Drinking Water)

1. Escherichia coli (All water intended for drinking).

Most Probable number Method

Must not be detected in any 100 ml sample

E. 6Waste Water Quality (Leachate- from Solid waste landfill, Storm/ drain water, dry weather flow)

4 Drinking water Specifications, IS-10500 5 Bacteriological Quality/ Standards of Drinking water, IS-10500 6 Standards for Discharge of Environmental Pollutants, IS-10500


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1. Temp (in ºC)

Digital/Mercury Thermometer Method.

Shall not exceed 5oC above the receiving water temperature

Digital/Mercury Thermometer

2. Color (Hazen units) Platinum cobalt scale

- 5

25 -

3. Odour Objectionable/ Non-objectionable

Non-objectionable

-

4. pH value Electrometric Method. 5.5-9.2 Digital pH Meter, HANNA – HI98127,

5. Electrical Conductivity (EC) µs/cm

Electrometric Method. < 2000 Digital TDS/EC Meter, HANNA – HI-96311

6. Dissolved Oxygen (DO) mg/l

Winkler's Method Using Azide Modification

> 6 mg/L Winkler's Method

7. Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD5) mg/l

Five Days BOD as per APHA 2005

30 mg/l BOD Incubator

8. Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) m/l

Dichromate Method (APHA 2005)

250 mg/l

9. Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) mg/l

Digital Meter Method. ≤500 mg/L 2100 mg/L Digital TDS/EC Meter, HANNA – HI-96311

10. Total Suspended Solids (TSS) mg/l

Gravimetric (Filtration and Drying at 105°C)

<120 mg/L Hot Air Oven, Digital Balance, Schimadzu-BL-220H

11. Turbidity (NTU)

Nephelo Turbidity Method.

5 mg/L 10 mg/L Nephelo Turbidity Meter, Systronics – 132

12. Total Alkalinity (as CaCO3) mg/l

Titrimetric (Methyl Orange)

200 600

Annotation: BOD= Biochemical Oxygen Demand; DO= Dissolved Oxygen; EC= Electrical Conductivity; NO2= Nitrogen Dioxide; PM10= Particulate Matter with particle size less than 10μ; PM2.5= Particulate Matter with particle size less than 2.5μ; RSPM= Respirable suspended particulate matter; SO2=Sulphur dioxide; TDS= total dissolved solids; TSS= total suspended solids.

6.4 Monitoring results and comparison with statutory requirements at National/State/Local levels.

22. The environmental monitoring data of Ambient Air quality, Water quality and Noise quality of

Srinagar and Jammu subprojects under Tranche-1 for the period July 2015 to December 2015

is presented below in tabulated form. Discussion and graphical illustrations with comparative

analysis for each site is provided herewith. All sampling, analysis and data generation is

performed by the Environmental Monitoring Laboratory, J&K ERA.

A. Air Quality


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23. The results of air quality monitoring conducted on various sampling locations (Srinagar and

Jammu) of the subprojects under Tranche-1 are represented below;

24. Table 5: Air Quality Data of Srinagar subprojects under Tranche-1

7Air Quality-Srinagar Subprojects

Site Code

Quarter Month of Sampling with date

Sampling Site/ Location

Site Type RSPM10 (µg/m

3)

RSPM2.5 SO2

(µg/m3)

NO2

(µg/m3)

Permissible Limits/ Standards

100 60 80 80

8Raw Water Pipeline from Harwan Reservoir to Nishat WTP (Defect Liability Monitoring)

Baseline Data

August 08/08/2009

Near Harwan Garden

Residential 48.8 - 3.64 6.95

S-A1a Q3 July 04-07-2015

Near Harwan Garden

Residential 68.70 - 6.45 7.33

Baseline Data

September 05/09/2009

Near Nishat WTP

Residential 49.36 - 1.13 1.85

S-A1b Q3 July 06-07-2015

Near Nishat WTP

Residential 77.34 - 5.43 6.78

Sanitary Landfill Site at Achan (Cell-2) S-A2

9Baseline Data

March 29-03-2012

Inside Landfill Site

Residential 91.81 - 7.01 8.12

Q3 (July-Sep 2015)

July 12-07-2015


Residential - - - -

August 08-08-2015

Inside landfill Site

Residential 86.57 - 6.57 7.43

September 04-09-2015


Residential 94.45 - 6.62 8.21

Q4 (Oct-Dec 2015)

October 12-10-2015


Residential 92.88 26.45 9.56 11.45

November 26-11-2015


Residential 98.23 43.79 10.40 16.07

S-A3 iBaseline Data

March 22-03-2012

Outside Landfill Site

Residential 66.05 6.07 5.67

Q3 (July-Sep 2015)

July 19-07-2015

Outside Landfill site

Residential - - - -

August 10-08-2015


Residential 70.92 - 7.67 8.55



Residential 102.75 - 5.10 7.62

Q4 (Oct-Dec 2015)

October 13-10-2015


Residential 107.43 29.26 8.90 11.14

November 26-11-2015


Residential 139.45 70.34 14.16 19.11

December Outside Landfill Site

Residential - - - -

25. The subproject of Nishat-Harwan Water Supply has been completed and as per environmental

monitoring program, defect liability period (DLF) monitoring of S-N1a and S-N1b sites were

conducted in July 2015 to ascertain ambient air quality are inline with NAAQ standards and to

7 Air quality monitoring was not possible for the months of July and December 2015 due to the bad weather &

technical problem with mobile environmental monitoring Lab vehicle. 8 Air quality monitoring for Defect Liability Period conducted in July 2015for Harwan-Nishat Water Supply Subproject. 9 Baseline monitoring of Air quality was carried in the month of March 2012 for Cell-2 (SLF site) which usually

remains wet hencethe values are on lower side.


16

compare with baseline data. DLF result shows all the parameters well within the permissible

standards and close to baseline monitoring. (Baseline monitoring was conducted in March

2009 as such results were low due to wet conditions in the winter period).This is the one of the

positive environmental performance indicator of the subproject in line with implementation of

EMP and due to the sensitive location of the site. Comparative analysis is illustrated in Fig 1 &

2.

Figure 1: Concentration of RSPM (PM10), SO2 and NO2monitored during defect liability period at site S-A1a with NAAQ standards at Nishat, Srinagar.

Figure 2: Concentration of RSPM (PM10), SO2 and NO2defect liability monitoring results at site S-A1a and S-A1b with NAAQ standards at Harwan, Srinagar.

26. During this period, Cell-2 operation (waste dumping) was in progress upto October 2015. The

monitoring results of oxide pollutants (SO2 and NO2) at all sites were well within the

permissible limits as specified in NAAQ Standards. The Q3 and Q4 monitoring at S-A2 for

Respiratory Suspended Particulate Matter (PM10) were within the permissible limits and nearly

inline with Baseline monitoring. The RSPM2.5 monitoring was conducted in October and

November 2015 and the results were well within the standards. However the Q4 monitoring

outside Landfill site at approach road was on higher side attributed to frequent movement of

SMC waste dumpers to SLF site. Whereas, the S-A3 (Inside Landfill site) monitoring results

shows RSPM (PM10) values within the permissible level. However, S-A3 site (Outside Landfill

site near approach road) shows slight increase in RSPM10 mainly attributed to frequent

movement of SMC waste dumpers (Landfill site received average 350+MT of MSW per day).A

68.7

100

48.8

6.45

80

3.64 7.33

80

6.95

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

Defect Liability Period Results Prescribed Standard Baseline Data

Fig 1. Air Quality Monitoring Results (Defect Laibility Period): Near Harwan Garden

RSPM µg/ ³

SO µg/ ³

NO µg/ ³

77.34

100

49.36

5.43

80

1.13 6.78

80

1.85

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

Defect Liability Period Results Prescribed Standard Baseline Data

Fig 2. Air Quality Monitoring Results (Defect Laibility Period): Near Nishat WTP

RSPM µg/ ³

SO µg/ ³

NO µg/ ³


17

dedicated water tanker is stationed inside Landfill site for regular water sprinkling to control

dust due to the frequent plying of SMC waste dumpers. Comparative analysis is illustrated in

Figure 3 and 4.

Figure 3: Concentration of RSPM (PM10& 2.5), SO2 and NO2 at monitoring site (S-A2) with NAAQ standards at Achan, Srinagar.

Figure 4: Concentration of RSPM (PM10& 2.5), SO2 and NO2 at monitoring site (S-A3) with NAAQ standards at Achan, Srinagar.

86.57 94.45 92.88

98.23 100 91.81

26.45

43.79

60

6.57 6.62 9.56 10.4

80

7.01 7.43 8.21

11.45 16.07

80

8.12

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

Aug Sep Oct Nov Prescribed

Standard

Baseline Data

Fig 3. Air Quality Monitoring of Sanitary Landfill Site at Achan, S-A2

RSPM µg/ ³

RSPM2.5 (µg/m³)

SO µg/ ³

NO µg/ ³

70.92

102.75 107.43

139.45

100 91.81

29.26

70.34 60

7.67 5.1 8.9 14.16

80

7.01 8.55 7.62 11.14

19.11

80

8.12

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

160

Aug Sep Oct Nov Prescribed Standard Baseline Data

Fig 4. Air Quality Monitoring of Sanitary Landfill Site at Achan, S-A2 RSPM µg/ ³

RSPM2.5 (µg/m³)

SO µg/ ³


18

27. Table 6: Air Quality Data of Jammu subprojects under Tranche-1

28. The concentration of RSPM10 value was higher in comparison to permissible limits and also

exceeds baseline monitoring (which was itself on higher side), However SO2 and NO2 remained

within the permissible limits during monitoring period. Increase in RSPM10 and PM 2.5 was mainly

ascribed to dust generation at these sites, due to the plying of heavy vehicular traffic on the one of

the busiest roads of the city nearby. Contractor was instructed to implement various mitigation

measures as mentioned in EMP to ensure control of dust generation. The comparative analysis of

air quality monitoring results of sub-projects in Jammu is illustrated below in Figure 5

v

Figure 5: Comparison of concentration of RSPM (PM10 &PM2.5), SO2 and NO2 at monitoring site (S-7) with NAAQ standards for a subproject in Jammu.

B. Noise Quality

29. The measured noise quality data at various locations of Tranche-1 subprojects in Srinagar and Jammu is given below:

PM 2.5 PM 10 RSPM (µg/m3) SO2 (µg/m3) NO2 (µg/m3)

Results 125.47 153.18 51.04 47.63

Standard 60 100 80 80

Baseline 144.23 13.15 18.72

0 20 40 60 80

100 120 140 160 180

Fig 6. Air Quality Data at Site S7 of Gurah Morh Main Chowk (Shakti Nagar)

Air Quality- Jammu Subprojects Site

Code



Site Type PM 2.5 (µg/m3)

RSPM10 (µg/m3)

SO2 (µg/m3)

NO2 (µg/m3)

Permissible Limits

60 100 80 80 Subproject - Laying of special sewers network through drain falling in areas of Bakshi Nagar, Shakti

Nagar, Shiv Nagar & Janipur in Jammu city (JKISDIP/Jammu/WW-05) Baseline Data of Air Quality

Near Vishal Mega Mart, (Bakshi Nagar)

Residential, Rural and other areas

- 144.23 13.15 18.72

S-7 Q4

15-10-15

Gurah Morh Main Chowk (Shakti Nagar)


125.47 153.18 51.04 47.63


19

30. Table 7: Noise Quality Data of Srinagar Subprojects under Tranche-1

Noise Quality- Srinagar Subprojects

Site Code



Site Type Day Time Noise Levels dB (A) Leq

Day Time Noise Quality Standards dB (A) Leq

RAW Water Transmission Main from Harwan Reservoir to Nishat WTP, Srinagar (Defect Liability Phase)

Baseline Data August 08-08-2009

Near Harwan Garden

Residential 58.8 55


Near Nishat WTP

Residential 53.9 55

S-N1a10

Q3 July 04-07-2015

Near Harwan Garden

Residential 41.2 55

S-N1b July 06-07-2015

Near Nishat WTP

Residential 42.5 55

Procurement of Works at Landfill Site, Srinagar

S-N2

Baseline Monitoring

March 29-03-2012


Residential 55.4 55

Q3 (Jul-Sep 2015)

July


Residential

-

55

August 08-08-2015


Residential

57.5

55



Residential

59.4 55

Q4 (Oct-Dec 2015)

October 12-10-2015


Residential 61.6 55

November 26-11-2015


Residential 58.1 55

December Inside Landfill Site

Residential - 55

S-N3 Baseline Monitoring

March 22-03-2012


Residential 58.6 55

Q3 (Jul-Sep 2015)

July


Residential - 55

August 10-08-2015


Residential 61.3 55



Residential 60.7 55

Q4 (Oct-Dec 2015)

October 13-10-2015


Residential 62.7 55

November Outside Landfill Site

Residential - 55

December Outside Landfill Site

Residential - 55

31. Since the subproject of Nishat-Harwan Water Supply is completed and as per environmental monitoring program, defect liability period (DLF) monitoring at S-N1a and S-N1b was conducted in July 2015 to ascertain and correlate with baseline data. DLF results shows well within the permissible standards and baseline monitoring conducted in 2009.This is the one of the positive environmental performance indicator of the subproject in line with implementation of EMP and due to the sensitive location of the site.

32. The monthly monitoring of Noise quality results at Achan Landfill site was marginally on higher side at sampling site S-N2 (Inside SLF site) and S-N3 (Outside SLF site near approach road)against prescribed limits and baseline monitoring for residential areas which was mainly contributed by the frequent movement of SMC trucks carrying waste to SLF site and partly by

10 Construction work on site code S-N1 stands completed- Defect liability monitoring conducted in July- 2015


20

the generator, RO based LTP’s and JCB’s operational at Landfill site (Cell -2).Comparative analysis of noise quality/ levels at different locations are illustrated in Figure 7 & 8

Figure 6: Noise quality levels recorded at monitoring sites during defect liability period with national noise standards of Nishat Harwan WS subproject

Figure 7: Noise quality levels recorded at monitoring sites with national noise standards / Baseline reference data of SLF Achan subproject.

33. Table 8: Noise Quality Data of Jammu Subprojects

0

20

40

60

80

July Defect Liability results Prescribed Standard Baseline Data

Fig 7. Noise Quality Data (Day Time Noise Levels dB (A) Leq) Nishat Harwan WS

S-N1a (Harwan) S-N1b (Nishat)

57.5

59.4

61.6

58.1

55 55.4

61.3 60.7

62.7

55

58.6

50

52

54

56

58

60

62

64

Aug Sep Oct Nov Standards Baseline Data

Fig 8. Noise Quality Data at Sanitary Landfill Site Achan (Cell-2)

S-N2 S-N3

Noise Quality- Jammu Subprojects Site

Code

Quarter

Month of Sampling with date


Site Type Noise Levels (dB Leq)

Standards

Laying of Special Sewerage falling under area of Bakshi Nagar, Shakti Nagar, Shiv Nagar and Janipur in Jammu ( JKUSDIP Jammu/WS -05)

Baseline Data of Noise Quality Monitoring

Near Vishal Mega Mart


59.68 55

Near Govt. Higher Ec. School, Bakshi Nagar


63.67 55

S-7 Q4 15-10-15 Gurah Morh Main Chowk (Shakti Nagar)


67.16 55


21

34. Noise quality monitoring was conducted at the sites under execution in Jammu. Noise levels

recorded at these sites were observed above the permissible levels and are as recorded in

baseline monitoring. The monitoring was done during day time. Main source of noise at these

sites was the movement of vehicles on adjacent roads and lanes. Contractor was instructed

to implement mitigation measures as mentioned in EMP so as not to allow any increase in

present noise levels. Comparative analysis of noise quality/ levels at sites in Jammu is

illustrated in Figure 8.

Figure 8: Noise quality levels recorded at various monitoring sites of subprojects in Jammu.

67.16

55

63.67

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

S7 Standard Baseline

Noise Quality Data (Day Time Noise Levels dB (A) Leq) in Jammu Subproject


22

35. Synopsis of the Solid Waste Management subproject: Sanitary Landfill Site at Achan, Srinagar

(Cell-2) 36. Under this sub project, a cell-2 having an external size of 215 m x 159 m and 195.36 m x 115.45 m

internal size has been proposed to suit site conditions for holding solid waste generated for two years in Srinagar city. The contract includes design, procurement, execution and operation of Leachate Treatment Plants of 60 KLD (1 no.) & 30 KLD (2 nos.) having a total capacity of 120 KLDTotal dumping capacity of the Cell-2 is 242,000 MT.

37. Overall progress of this package is about 81.21%

Preparation of surface and earth filling has been completed. Geogrid laying completed. GCL laying completed. HDPE Liner laying completed. Laying of filter media completed. Laying of Geo textile completed. Construction of Ramp completed. R.C.C Leachate collection sump completed. Up gradation of approach road completed except Toe wall. O&M work started in December 2013 and completed in November 2015.

38. Operation and Maintenance: The O&M of Cell-1 concluded on 30th November, 2015 and Cell-2 has

been commissioned on 1st December, 2013.

39. Leachate Treatment Plants: The RO (Reverse Osmosis) Leachate Treatment Plant LTP-30KL

(Unit-1) was commissioned on 13.06.2013, LTP-60KL (Unit-2) commissioned on 14.10.2013 and

LTP-30KL (Unit-3) commissioned on 08.02.2014.

40. Site Inspection Report of Sanitary Landfill Site Pertaining to Open Dumping of Municipal Solid

Waste being done by SMC at Achan SLF Site.

41. Inspected by: Yadullah Shah (Environmental Expert) J&K ERA, Akhter R. Bhat (Environmental Expert) PMC and Komal Pal Singh SE PMC Dated: 28/11/2015 and 03/12/2015. A joint site inspection was conducted on 28th November and 3rd December 2015 to ascertain the and following observations were recorded as mentioned below;

Site Inventory S. No

Description Observations

1. Type of Activity SMC has hired a Mumbai based firm M/s Vini Agro Ltd. with consultation

from Dr. S.R Maley, Senior Adviser Tech Eco Systems Private Limited. This

arrangement is initially recommended only for a period of 30 days with effect

from 7th November 2015 on trial basis. However, actual works started from

23rd November 2015. The firm agreed to undertake the job@ Rs 125/ MT of

solid waste to be provided by SMC, which includes cost of treatment

materials i.e. Herbal Sanitizer cum deodorant and bio-culture for rapid bio-

stabilization of organic waste and also the labour required for applying this

treatment.


23

2. Buffer Zone of Cell-2 at Landfill Site.

Site witnessed open MSW dumping by SMC in the buffer zone of Cell-2.

Open dumping commenced from 23rd November, 2015 and >5000 MT of

waste has been dumped till date.

No protective liner has been considered by SMC in terms of leachate

leaching which will lead to contamination of ground water. A crude method

of open dumping is a point of concern which has disturbed the scientific

implementation/ operation of the landfill site.

Oozing of the leachate from >5000 MT of waste has started showing it

impact.

More than 600+ willow plants in the buffer zone have been damaged by this

activity so far.

The bore well in the buffer zone of cell-2 is completely covered under the

waste.

This bio-stabilization process which the firm believes that this process will

reduce the net weight of waste by 50% within span of 45 days is not

possible because these reasons:

The bio-stabilization process is effective on segregated waste. However,

the process done by firm is on non-segregated waste and will have a

negative results.

The sub-zero temperature variation in Srinagar is not conducive for

optimum bacterial growth required for active bio-stabilization process.

Further, municipal solid waste comprises of 25-30% of moisture content

and by open dumping leaching of moisture on a ground surface over the

period of 45 days will definitely reduce the weight of the waste

approximately 30%. This cannot be accounted for weight reduction of

the waste.

3. Recommendations As per site inspection, it is observed the present activity/ method of crude

open dumping performed by the firm will have negative consequences on

account of contamination of ground water, soil, air and loss of aesthetics of

scientific operation of landfill site.

This operation should have been performed on an experimental basis of 5-

10 MT within the designed confined area which is the normal procedure for

carrying out any research based experiment. It is out of the context, why

>5000MT of waste utilized as open dumping at scientific Landfill site.

Further, as per MSW (Management & Handling) Rules 2000, SMC has to

take prior consent from State Pollution Control Board for doing this activity

of such magnitude.


24

0

10000

20000

30000

40000

50000

60000

Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec

Fig 10c. Electrical Conductivity (µs/cm)

C. Water Quality

42. Water quality monitoring results conducted by Environmental Monitoring Lab at different subproject

sites in Srinagar are presented below;

43. Table 9: Physio-Chemical characteristics of Raw Leachate (Influent) of Cell-2, Achan

Site Code


Sampling Site

Temp ºC

pH E.C µs/cm

B.O.D mg/l

TDS mg/l

TSS mg/l

Turbidity NTU

Total Alkalinity

Influent (Raw Leachate Collection Sump)

S-W1

Q3 (July-Sept 2015)

July 07-07-2015

23 8.5 32420

16800 17580 13000 1000 12000

August 08.08.2015

24 8.4 24500 16500 12860 12800 820 6000


22 8.2 26480 14000 12860 11900 720 11200

Q4 (Oct-Dec 2015)

October 12.10.2015

16 8.0 42720 18000 25160 12400 790 15500

November 02-11-2015

16 8.1 28840

15000 14940 11000 500 3500

December 21-12-2015

6 8.2 50480

9600 28100 2760 574 8500

44. Raw leachate samples were collected from the leachate collection sump of Cell-2 at landfill site Achan.

The colour of the raw leachate was Blackish brown as a characteristic feature with pungent odour

throughout the sampling period. Higher values of Turbidity may be due to the presence of abundant

suspended organic substances. High values of TDS and conductivity can be attributed to the high

concentration of dissolved salts leached from the cell. High values of Alkalinity may be attributed to the

presence of lot of dissolved minerals.

45. Comparative analysis of raw leachate characteristics is illustrated in Figures9(a-h) and Figure 10

v

0

5

10

15

20

25

30


Fig 10a. Temp (ºC)

7.6

7.8

8

8.2

8.4

8.6


Fig 10b. pH

0

5000

10000

15000

20000


Fig 10d. Biochemical Oxygen Demand

(mg/l)


25

0

10000

20000

30000

40000

50000

60000

Temp pH E.C (µs/cm) B.O.D (mg/l) TDS (mg/l) TSS (mg/l) Turbidity NTU T. A (mg/l)

July 23 8.5 32420 16800 17580 13000 1000 12000

Aug 24 8.4 24500 16500 12860 12800 820 6000

Sep 22 8.2 26480 14000 12860 11900 720 11200

Oct 16 8 42720 18000 25160 12400 790 15500

Nov 16 8.1 28840 15000 14940 11000 500 3500

Dec 6 8.2 50480 9600 28100 2760 574 8500

Fig 11. Monthly Trend of Raw Leachate of Cell-2 - Sanitary Landfill Site

Figure 9(a-h): Monthly Waste Water quality characteristics of Influent (Raw leachate) at Landfill site in Srinagar

Figure 10: Monthly Waste Water quality characteristics of Influent (Raw leachate) at Landfill site in Srinagar

0

2000

4000

6000

8000

10000

12000

14000


Fig 10f. Total Suspended Solids (mg/l)

0

200

400

600

800

1000

1200


Fig 10g. Turbidity (NTU)

0

5000

10000

15000

20000

25000

30000


Fig 10e. Total Dissolved Solids (mg/l)

0

5000

10000

15000

20000


Fig 10h. Total Alkalinity (mg/l)


26

46. Table10: Physio-Chemical characteristics of Treated Leachate from LTP’s of Cell-2 , Achan

Site Code


Sampling Site

Temp ºC

pH E.C µs/cm

D.O mg/l

B.O.D mg/l

TDS mg/l

TSS mg/l

Turbidity NTU

Total Alkalinity

Effluent (Treated Leachate)

Permissible Limits

11≤5oC

5.5-9.0

<2000 >6 30 2100 100 ≤5-10 200-600

S-W2

Q3 (July-Sept) 2015

July 07.07.2015

LTP 2 26 7.3 2337 2.0 310 1173 250 5.0 26

LTP 3 27 7.7 2367 1.2 390 1197 320 7.0 644

August 08.08.2015

LTP 2 26 7.4 6132 1.5 410 3072 300 6.0 1400

LTP 3 27 7.6 8532 1.2 480 4240 360 8.0 1500

September 02.09.2015

LTP 2 & 3 Combined

22 7.8 9690 1.4 375 5100 300 8.0 2544

Q4 (Oct-Dec) 2015

October 17.10.2015

LTP 1 17 7.2 8375 1.5 315 4460 280 6.0 1180

LTP 2 17 7.1 7680 1.5 300 3730 250 5.5 1080

November 02.11.2015

LTP 2 & 3 (Combined)

17 8.1 5555 2.5 170 2833 190 3.5 900

December 21.12.2015

LTP 2 6 7.3 5915 1.5 160 3165 180 25 1164

LTP 3 3 7.5 7252 BDL 920 3835 255 140 1800

47. Effluent (treated leachate) samples were collected from the Leachate Treatment Plant (LTP’s) II and III. LTP 1 (having capacity of 30KLD) was non-functional since July 2015 due to the technical issue.

Effluent samples were observed to be colorless and odourless as recorded in the previous samples.

The DO of the effluent sample was found on lower side mainly indorsed to least atmospheric

interaction at LTP. Higher DO can be achieved through cascading effect (by way of non-streamline

flow through drainage channel) from LTP to disposal point at Achan Stream. pH, Electrical

conductivity, TDS and total Alkalinity were well within the permissible limits. Leachate effluent is

discharged in the Achan Stream (inland surface water) and the temperature difference is only average

1-4°C against ≤5°C.

48. Increasing trend in base parameters of BOD, TSS and Conductivity have been observed since May

2015.This is mainly attributed to the presence of high organic load of raw leachate, incomplete bio-

degradation process due to the non-segregated waste brought to Cell-2 and improper operation &

maintenance of LTP’s. Huge influx of high concentrated base parameters as evident from the Table 10

may not cater by the LTP’s in a longer run. In view of this, corrective measures are instructed by way

of regular and proper O&M of LTP’s and more importantly change in membrane filters and servicing of LTP’s.

49. The results of BOD, Conductivity, TDS, TSS and Alkalinity shows exceedingly high values which are

the increasing trend followed from May 2015. However, as reported in previous SAEMR first half of

this year Srinagar received a maximum average precipitation of 780.4 mm of total rainfall (Source:

Indian Meteorological Department, Srinagar) as compared to 892.9 mm of total annual rainfall in 2014.

Whereas, increasing trend of above base parameters have been recorded of higher magnitude. This is

mainly attributed to huge influx of non-segregated MSW waste of higher biodegradable content

coupled with greater moisture content, sludge leachate (30% of total leachate treated by LTP’s is sent

11 Shall not exceed 5˚C above the receiving water temperature


27

back or recirculated again to Cell-2) and huge back-log of leachate present in cell-2 in correlation with

record precipitation received in 2014 and Jan-June 2015.

50. In general, the present characteristics of higher values of Cell-2 shows active extended acidogenic

phase. Extension is mainly attributed to 100% non-segregated waste received from SMC. This is an indication of active disintegration or degradation process of lower strata under complete anaerobic state. The non-segregated waste shows incomplete degradation process happening in Cell-2 resulting into deterioration of LTP’s.

51. Comparative analysis of treated leachate characteristics is illustrated in 12Figures-11(a-i) and 12 is

provided below;

12 Sharp dip in September and November graph indicates LTP 1 was not functional and combined sample of LTP2&3

0

10

20

30

40

50

60


Fig 12a. Temp

LTP 2

LTP 3

0

5

10

15

20


Fig 12b. pH

LTP 2

LTP 3

0

2000

4000

6000

8000

10000

12000


Fig 12c. Electrical Conductivity LTP 2 LTP 3 Sta dard ≤

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7


Fig 12d. Dissolved Oxygen (mg/l) LTP 2 LTP 3 Standard (>)

0

200

400

600

800

1000


Fig 12e. BOD (mg/l) LTP 2 LTP 3 Standard

0

1000

2000

3000

4000

5000

6000


Fig 12f. Total Dissolved Solids (mg/l)

LTP 2 LTP 3 Standard


28

Figure 11(a-i): Monthly trend of physio-chemical parameters of effluent (treated leachate) from LTP’s

Figure 12: Monthly Waste Water quality characteristics of Effluent leachate at Landfill site in Srinagar

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

400


Fig 12g. TSS (mg/l) LTP 2 LTP 3 Standard

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

160


Fig 12h. Turbidity (NTU) LTP 2

LTP 3

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000


Fig 12i. Total Alkalinity LTP 2

LTP 3

Standard (Min)

LTP 2 LTP 3 LTP 2 LTP 3 LTP 2 & 3

(Combined) LTP 2 LTP 3

LTP 2 & 3

(Combined) LTP 2 LTP 3


Te p ˚C 26 27 26 27 22 17 17 17 6 3

pH 7.3 7.7 7.4 7.6 7.8 7.2 7.1 8.1 7.3 7.5

E.C (µs/cm) 2337 2367 6132 8532 9690 8375 7680 5555 5915 7252

D.O (mg/l) 2 1.2 1.5 1.2 1.4 0 1.5 2.5 1.5 0

B.O.D (mg/l) 310 390 410 480 375 315 300 170 160 920

TDS (mg/l) 1173 1197 3072 4240 5100 4460 3730 2833 3165 3835

TSS (mg/l) 250 320 300 360 300 280 250 190 180 255

Turbidity NTU 5 7 6 8 8 6 5.5 3.5 25 140

T. A (mg/l) 26 644 1400 1500 2544 1180 1080 900 1164 1800

0

2000

4000

6000

8000

10000

12000

Fig 13. Monthly Trend of Effluent (Treated Leachate) from LTP's at Landfill Site, Achan


29

52. Table 11: Ground Water Analysis (Tube well with average depth of 62 meters.)Inside Landfill site

Site Code

Quarter

Month of Sampling with date

Sampling Site

Temp ºC

pH

E.Cµs/cm

D.O mg/l

B.O.D mg/l

TDS mg/l

TSS mg/l

Turb. NTU

T.A

T.H

C.H

M.H

Inside SLF

Permissible Limits

-

6.5-8.5

≤500 >6

2-5 ≤500 ≤120

10 200 - 600

300 - 600

75-200

30-75

Baseline Data

March 27-03-2012

10.6 8 1005 BDL 18 512 248 35.2

The above 4 parameters were not part of the baseline monitoring. These additional parameters included into monitoring in November, 2013

S-W3

Q3 (July-Sept 2015)

July 07.07.2015

Tube Well (62 meter depth) near site office at SLF

16

7.5 1090 BDL 4 542 160 29.2 548 620 231 94.5

August 08.08.2015

16 7.4 1045 BDL 4 515 150 21.2 552 568 250 77.27

September 02.09.2015

17 6.7 1043 BDL 16 521 210 23.2 516 604 273 80.43

Q4 (Oct-Dec 2015)

October 12.10.2015

16 7.1 1056 BDL 10 525 190 21.0 472 648 241 99.0

November 02.11.2015

* * * * * * * * * * * *

December 21.12.2015

10 7.2 1039 2.0 4.0 512 130 35 448 620 235 94

53. Ground water samples were collected from the Tube well at a depth of 62 meters which is motor driven and is located within the premises of the Sanitary Landfill at Achan near the site office. The ground water was found odourless and cloudy (turbid).

54. Monitoring results of six ground water taken throughout reporting period shows more or less similar

physio-chemical characteristics even as record in previous monitoring report. DO usually remain to

lower end due to the depth factor and least atmospheric interactions as direct impinging of oxygen is

resisted due to underground condition. pH of the ground water meets the water quality criteria. The

ground water study revealed high conductivity and may be due to the presence of wide variety of

dissolved inorganic constituents, resulting from chemical and biochemical interactions between water

and other geological constituents. High Turbidity of the water is mainly attributed to suction action of the

submersible motor which is correlated to depth factor which leads to turbidity factor and may be due to

the high values. The value of conductivity and Turbidity were higher than Water Quality standards. BOD

is found within the permissible standards except in September and October.

55. This tube well (ground water) cannot be used as drinking water source. Comparative analysis of ground

water characteristics is illustrated in Figure-13(a-l) and 14 below;


30

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

18

Jul Aug Sep Oct Dec

Fig 14a. Temp. ˚C

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

Jul Aug Sep Oct Dec

Fig 14b. pH pH Standard Min Standard Max Baseline Mar 2012

0

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

Jul Aug Sep Oct Dec

Fig 14c. Electrical Conductivity E.C µs/cm Sta dard ≤5 Baseline Mar 2012

0

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.4

0.5

0.6

0.7

0.8

0.9

1

Jul Aug Sep Oct Dec

Fig 14d. Dissolved Oxygen D.O mg/l

Baseline Mar 2012

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

18

20

Jul Aug Sep Oct Dec

Fig 14e. BOD B.O.D (mg/l)

Sta dard ≤5

Baseline Mar 2012

470

480

490

500

510

520

530

540

550

Jul Aug Sep Oct Dec

Fig 14f. TDS TDS (mg/l)

Sta dard ≤5

Baseline Mar 2012


31

Figure 13(a-l): Monthly trend of physio-chemical parameters of ground water, Achan

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

Jul Aug Sep Oct Dec

Fig 14k. Ca. Hardness Ca Hardness (mg/l)

Standard (75 min)

Standard (200 max)

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

Jul Aug Sep Oct Dec

Fig 14g. TSS TSS (mg/l)

Sta dard ≤

Baseline Mar 2012

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

Jul Aug Sep Oct Dec

Fig 14h. Turbidity Turbidity (mg/l)

Standard (10)

Baseline Mar 2012

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

Jul Aug Sep Oct Dec

Fig 14i. Total Alkalinity Standard (600)

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

Jul Aug Sep Oct Dec

Fig 14j. Total Hardness

T. Hardness (mg/l) Standard (300 min)

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

Jul Aug Sep Oct Dec

Fig 14l. Mg. Hardness Mg Hardness (mg/l)

Standard (30 min)

Standard (75 max)


32

Figure 14: Monthly Water quality characteristics of Ground Water (Tube Well- average depth of 62 m) at Landfill site in Srinagar

56. Table 12: Physio-Chemical characteristics of Achan Stream (near approach road at Landfill

site)

Site Code

Quarter

Month of Sampling with dates

Sampling Site

Temp ºC

pH

E.C µs/cm

D.O mg/l

B.O.D mg/l

TDS mg/l

TSS mg/l

Turb... NTU

T.A

T.H

C.A

M.H

Achan Stream

Permissible Limits

-

6.5-8.5

≤500 >6 2-5 ≤500 ≤120 5-10 200 - 600

300 - 600

75-200

30-75

Baseline Data March 24.03.2012

Upstream 10.4 7.5 562 1.2 16 479 230 10.3 The above 4 parameters were not part of the baseline monitoring. These additional parameters included into monitoring in November, 2013

Downstream 10.4 7.9 584 BDL 20 492 240 10.7

S-W4

Q3 (Jul-Sept 2015)

July 23-07-2015

Upstream 22 7.3 258 7.0 4 128 140 1.7 156 184 142.8 10.0

Downstream 22 7.4 272 6.8 4 140 185 2.0 100 152 121.8 7.3

August 08-08-2015

Upstream 23 7.3 352 6.0 4.5 180 150 2.0 136 192 180.6 2.7

Downstream 24 7.3 360 5.8 5.5 185 190 2.5 120 176 151.2 6.0


Upstream 20 7.0 381 3.8 8.0 192 190 2.8 144 224 205.8 4.4

Downstream 20 6.8 386 3.5 8.0 193 195 3.0 154 216 197.4 4.5

Q2 (Oct-Dec 2015)

October 12-10-2015

Upstream 15 7.4 420 2.8 12 213 210 3.8 160 260 190.2 17.0

Downstream 16 7.5 423 2.3 14 217 225 4.0 155 256 184.8 17.3

November 02-11-2015

Upstream 11 7.6 362 2.5 6 181 180 3.5 120 228 163 15.7

Downstream 11 7.5 364 2.2 6.5 180 195 4 132 300 193 26

December 21-12-2015

Upstream 4 7.4 498 3.5 8 245 200 3.7 144 312 227 21

Downstream 4 7.5 494 3.0 8.2 237 210 3.5 148 316 210 26

57. Achan Stream/ Nallah water samples were collected from this water body near the Achan landfill site which usually have variable discharge. The Water was found to be colourless with fishy odour due to the stale nature of Achan Stream. This stream is surrounded by human habitations and agricultural fields. Direct dumping of domestic and agricultural wastes (both liquid/ solid) was also observed during the sampling period.

0

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

Temp.

˚C pH E.C

(µs/cm)

D.O

(mg/l)

B.O.D

(mg/l)

TDS

(mg/l)

TSS

(mg/l)

Turbidity

NTU

T. A

(mg/l)

T.H

(mg/l)

C.H

(mg/l)

M.H

(mg/l)

AX

IS T

ITLE

AXIS TITLE

Fig 15: Water Quality characteristics of Ground Water (Tube Well) at

Saniatry Landfill Site, Achan


33

58. The flow regime of stream water usually remain low and its surface was found with macrophytes like Phragmites, Typha, Scirpus, Lemna, sp. with detritus activity which is the indicator of stagnant nature and high eutrophic load of water body.

59. Water body shows higher DO level in the months of July and August due to the higher increase in water volume. The BOD of the stream due to the least winter flow and stagnant nature and higher values due to the presence of high organic load produced by the dumping of domestic and agricultural wastes by the locals. Conductivity and TDS are found well within the permissible limits. (TSS) of the stream was found to be higher and may be due to the presence of detritus and litter. The physio-chemical characteristics of Achan Stream/ Nallah show all the parameters in line with permissible standards. Whereas, the baseline characteristics were exceeding the present monitoring results. Based on the above it is concluded that no impact is seen on the water body in relation to treated discharge from RO based LTP effluent. Comparative analysis of Achan Stream characteristics is illustrated in Figures- 15(a-l) and 16

0

5

10

15

20

25

30


Fig 16a. Temp Upstream

Downstream

0

2

4

6

8

10

Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Baseline

Fig 16b. pH Upstream Downstream Standard Min Standard Max

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700


Fig 16c. Electrical Conductivity Upstream

Downstream

Sta dard ≤5

0

2

4

6

8


Fig 16d. Dissolved Oxygen Upstream Downstream Standard (>6)

0

5

10

15

20

25


Fig 16e. Biochemical Oxygen Demand Upstream

Downstream

Standard

0

100

200

300

400

500

600


Fig 16f. Total Dissolved Solids Upstream

Downstream

Sta dard ≤5


34

Figure 15(a-l): Monthly trend of physio-chemical parameters of Achan Stream, Achan Figure 16: Water

quality characteristics (Quarterly basis) of Achan Stream at approach road to Landfill site in Srinagar

0

50

100

150

200

250

300


Fig 16g. Total Suspended Solids Upstream

Downstream

Sta dard ≤

0

2

4

6

8

10

12


Fig 16h. Turbidity (NTU) Upstream Downstream Sta dard ≤

0

200

400

600

800


Fig 16i. Total Alkalinity Upstream Downstream Standard (Min) Standard (Max)

0

200

400

600

800


Fig 16j. Total Hardness Upstream Downstream Standard (Min) Standard (Max)

0

50

100

150

200

250


Fig 16k. Calcium Hardness Upstream Downstream Standard (Min) Standard (Max)

0

50

100

150

200

250


Fig 16l. Magnesium Hardness Upstream

Downstream

Standard (Min)

Standard (Max)


35

Figure 16: Physio-chemical characteristics of Achan Stream/Nallah near Landfill site in Srinagar

60. Table 13: Physio-Chemical characteristics of Paddy Fields (Southern/ Northern) near SLF site

at Achan

Site

Code


Sampling Site

Temp ºC

pH E.C µs/cm

D.O mg/l

B.O.D mg/l

TDS mg/l

TSS mg/l

Turb NTU

TA TH CA MH

SW5 Paddy Fields near SLF Site

Permissible Limits

-

6.5-8.5

≤500 >6 2-5 ≤500 ≤120 5-10 200 - 600

300 - 600

75-200

30-75

Baseline Data

March 22.03.2012

Northern Field

10.3 8 1168 13.2 10 1164 260 9.8 The above 4 parameters were not part of the baseline monitoring. These additional parameters included into monitoring in November, 2013

Southern Field

10.5 9 2095 14 8 1684 240 9.3

Q3 (July-Sept) 2015

August 10.08.2015

Northern Field

27 8.0 654 5.2 22 319 300 9.2 328 368 302.4 16.0

SouthernField

25 8.3 467 5.0 30 237 330 12.2 200 284 193.2 22.0

61. Paddy Fields adjacent to the Achan Landfill Site usually remain dry in later half of summer and

Autumn due to the harvest period. However, water samples were taken in August 2015 to ascertain the impact on the agricultural fields due to the operation of Landfill Site. The above results depicts characteristics of the paddy fields. Domestic wastes and agricultural wastes were observed in the Paddy fields during the sampling period. Both paddy fields were observed with detritus and litter.

62. The analysis shows that the optimum DO, BOD values were high due to the presence of high organic

load (agricultural activities and other fertilizers). Higher values of conductivity and TDS in the Paddy fields may be due to the presence of lot of dissolved inorganic solids. TSS and Turbidity of the Paddy

0

100

200

300

400

500

600 U

pst

rea

m

Do

wn

stre

am

Up

stre

am

Do

wn

stre

am

Up

stre

am

Do

wn

stre

am

Up

stre

am

Do

wn

stre

am

Up

stre

am

Do

wn

stre

am

Up

stre

am

Do

wn

stre

am

Up

stre

am

Do

wn

stre

am

Up

stre

am

Do

wn

stre

am

Up

stre

am

Do

wn

stre

am

Up

stre

am

Do

wn

stre

am

Up

stre

am

Do

wn

stre

am

Up

stre

am

Do

wn

stre

am

Temp pH EC DO BOD TDS TSS Tudbidity T.A T.H C.H MH

Fig 17. Physio-Chemical Characteristics of Achan Stream near Landfill Site , Achan Jul

Aug

Sep

Oct

Nov

Dec

Baseline


36

fields were higher and may be due to the lot of litter and detritus present in the fields. Rest of the Water quality parameters are found well within permissible limits. Characteristics of paddy fields (Southern/Northern) is illustrated in Figure- 17 below;

Figure 17: Water quality characteristics of Paddy Fields (Southern/Northern side) of Landfill site in Srinagar

63. Table 14: Physio-Chemical characteristics of Harwan-Nishat Water Supply, Srinagar Irrigation Channel near Harwan Reservoir (Defect Liability Period)

Site Code SW-1

Date of Sampling: 04.07.2015

Sampling Site

Temp ºC

pH E.C µs/cm

D.O mg/l

BOD mg/l

TDS mg/l

TSS mg/l

Turbidity NTU

Total Alkalinity mg/l

Total Hardness mg/l

Ca Hardness mg/l

Mg Hardness mg/l

Permissible Limits

- 6.5-

8.5 ≤500 >6 2-5 ≤500 ≤120 5-10 200 -

600 300 - 600 75-200 30-75

Upstream 14 7.7 92 9.6 1.0 40 125 1.9 44 80 58.8 5.0

Downstream 15 7.8 98 9.0 1.2 47 132 2.2 52 92 67.7 6.0

64. The Water samples were taken from the upstream and downstream of Irrigation Channel near Harwan

(Sarbandh). The water was flowing with moderate speed and was observed to be clear and odourless.

The Analysis of the water samples depicts pH Alkaline. DO was found to be in permissible limits due

to the moderate flow of the stream. BOD values of the concerned stream were found to be normal due

to less organic load. Conductivity and TDS Values were found to be in normal range. Higher values of

TSS may be due to the presence of the sediments which the water brought with itself from the upper

reaches. Moderate concentrations of Alkalinity and Hardness were found in the waters of irrigation

Channel. Based on above DLF results, the water quality examination reveals high quality physio-

chemical characteristics of water body.Physio-Chemical Characteristics of Irrigation Channel at

Harwan is illustrated in Figure- 18 below;

0

200

400

600

800

1000

Temp pH E.C D.O B.O.D TDS TSS Turbidity T.

Alkalinity

T.

Hardness

Ca.

Hardness

Mg.

Hardness

Fig 18. Physio-Chemical Characteristics of Northern/Southern Side Paddy Fields near

Landfill Site, Achan

Results

Results

Baseline Data

Baseline Data


37

Figure 18: Water quality characteristics of Irrigation Channel near Harwan Garden in Srinagar

ii. Irrigation Channel near Nishat WTP

Site Code SW-1

Date of Sampling: 04.07.2015

Sampling Site

Temp ºC

pH E.C µs/cm

D.O mg/l

B.O.D mg/l

TDS mg/l

TSS mg/l

Turbidity NTU

Total Alkalinity mg/l

Total Hardness mg/l

Ca Hardness mg/l

Mg Hardness mg/l

Permissible Limits

- 6.5

-8.5

≤500 >6 2-5 ≤500

≤120

5-10 200 - 600 300 - 600 75-200 30-75

Upstream 13 7.9 86 8.8 1.6 45 130 2.0 44 92 58.8 8.0

Downstream

13 7.8 85 8.5 1.6 43 135 2.2 48 96 67.2 7.0

The Water samples were taken from the upstream and downstream of Irrigation Channel near Nishat

WTP. The water was flowing with moderate speed and was observed to be clear and odourless. The

Analysis of the water samples depicts pH alkaline. DO and BOD values were found to be in permissible

limits. Conductivity and TDS

Values were found to be in normal range. BOD values of the concerned stream were found to be normal

due to less organic load. Higher values of TSS may be due to the presence of litter and the sediments

which the water brought from the upper reaches. Moderate concentrations of Alkalinity and Hardness

were observed.

Figure 19: Water quality characteristics of Irrigation Channel near Nishat WTP in Srinagar

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

Temp. pH E.C D.O B.O.D TDS TSS Turbidity T. Alkalinity T. Hardness Ca. Hardness Mg. Hardness

Fig 18. Irrigation Channel at Harwan- Monitoring of Defect Liability Period

Upstream Downstream

13 7.9

86

8.8 1.6

45

130

2

44

92

58.8

8 13 7.8

85

8.5 1.6

43

135

2.2

48

96

67.2

7

0

50

100

150

Temp. pH E.C D.O B.O.D TDS TSS Turbidity T.

Alkalinity

T.

Hardness

Ca.

Hardness

Mg.

Hardness

Fig 19. Irrigation Channel at Nishat- Monitoring of Defect Liability Period

Upstream Downstream


38


39

Appendix-1: Public Consultation Attendance Sheet- Tranche 1


40

Appendix-2: Public Consultation Photos- Tranche 1 Package No. WW-05


41

Appendix-3: Sampling locations of Sanitary Landfill Site at Achan, Srinagar

S-W4

S-W1

S-W3

S-W2

S-W5

(Southern Field)

S-A1

S-N1

S-W5

(Northern Field)

S-A2

S-N2


42

Appendix-4: Sampling site locations of Raw Water main from Harwan to Nishat WTP, Srinagar

S-W6a S-N1a

S-A1a

S-W6b

S-N1b

S-A1b


43

Appendix-5: Air and Noise sampling site locations in Jammu Subprojects. Tranche – I

Annotation: S-7: Gurah Morh Main Chowk (Shakti Nagar)