enzyme notes. enzymes are essential for digestion. what is digestion? breaking down large, insoluble...
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Digestion Reactions Hydrolysis or Dehydration Synthesis?TRANSCRIPT
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Enzyme Notes
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Enzymes are essential for digestion.
What is DIGESTION?Breaking down large, insoluble (can’t dissolve in water) molecules into smaller, soluble molecules that can be absorbed through the wall of the small intestine
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Digestion Reactions
Hydrolysis or Dehydration Synthesis?
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What is a Chemical Reaction?
Chemical reaction: When one or more chemicals (reactants) react to form
different chemicals (products)
Example: glucose and oxygen react to form carbon dioxide and water
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Digestion: Enabling the Reaction
What breaks down the large molecules?Digestive enzymes!
-- made by specialised cells inside glands
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What are Enzymes?Specialized Proteins
Catalyze Reactions
Are specific for what reactions they catalyzecatalyze
Are Reusable Reusable
End in –asease
-Sucrase-Sucrase
-Lactase-Lactase
-Maltase-Maltase
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CatalystsMolecules that help a chemical reaction take
place faster-- Catalysts are NOT used up in reactions
Enzymes (biological catalysts) can speed up chemical reactions in living organisms (cells) – often millions of time faster!“Catalyze” reactions
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How Enzymes WorkEnzymes provide a site for chemicals to come
together to reactLike a lock and key
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DRAW:
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Enzymes for DigestionReactants Enzymes Products
Carbohydrates Simple sugars amylase
Proteins Amino acids pepsin
Lipids (fats) Fatty acids + glycerol bile or lipase
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Factors that change the rate of reactions of
enzymes:Amount of enzyme presentTemperature pH (how acidic or basic something is)
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OPTIMAL Temperature:
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OPTIMAL pH:
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If temp or pH is too high or too low, enzymes can become DENATURED
(unwound and destroyed)