eog assessment the competitive edge · 2019. 12. 2. · hemingway’s the old man and the sea, the...

SAMPLE PAGES FOR

THE READYEOG ASSESSMENT

THE COMPETITIVE

EDGEFOURTH GRADE

ENGLISH LANGUAGE ARTSwith COMMON CORE STATE STANDARDS

2 0 1 2 E D I T I O N

J A N E H E R E F O R D

TABLE OF CONTENTS

The Common Core State Standards . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .ivHow to Answer 4th Grade Common Core State Standards Questions . . . . . . .vii

Diagnostic Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1

Chapter 1 Language . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .25

Chapter 2 Reading . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .93

Chapter 3 Informational Aids . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .151

Chapter 4 Literature . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .181

Chapter 5 Writing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .225

Chapter 6 Listening and Taking Notes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .261

Practice Test 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .265

Practice Test 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .293

CHAPTER 2—READINGCHAPTER 2—READING

Context CluesMany times you can figure out the meaning of a word by looking at the words in a sentence. These

words around the unknown word will give you hints to the word’s meaning. These hints are calledcontext clues.

EXAMPLEWe wanted to communicate by sharing our data.

Meaning - share something with othersClue - by sharing our data

PRACTICERead each sentence. Write the meaning of each bold word.

Write the clue that helped you define the word.1. Those ruins are so old that they must have come from ancient Rome.

Meaning - __________________________________________________________________

Clue - ______________________________________________________________________

2. The mailman delivered the mail right up to our door.

Meaning - __________________________________________________________________

Clue - ______________________________________________________________________

3. By putting the chains together, we made the perfect link.

Meaning - __________________________________________________________________

Clue - ______________________________________________________________________

4. I do not know who will go to the concert, but I plan to attend.

Meaning - __________________________________________________________________

Clue - ______________________________________________________________________

5. We decided to explore the dark underground cavern.

Meaning - __________________________________________________________________

Clue - ______________________________________________________________________

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6. The hallway narrowed so that it was too small to walk through.

Meaning - __________________________________________________________________

Clue - ______________________________________________________________________

7. The scientists dug down into the buried tomb.

Meaning - __________________________________________________________________

Clue - ______________________________________________________________________

8. Household items, such as pots, bowls, and dishes, were found in the garage.

Meaning - __________________________________________________________________

Clue - ______________________________________________________________________

9. King Tut’s mummy was found with many items he would use later in his afterlife.

Meaning - __________________________________________________________________

Clue - ______________________________________________________________________

10. Her parents were so astonished that they were amazed and confused.

Meaning - __________________________________________________________________

Clue - ______________________________________________________________________

DictionariesA dictionary is a reference book that lists words in alphabetical order. The dictionary includes

definitions, spelling, parts of speech, pronunciation, usage, and word origins. Certain dictionariesinclude synonyms and antonyms.

Dictionary Page

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94 Copyright © 2012 Photocopying any part of this publication is prohibited by law.

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ro-bot [rō ́ bət] noun, a programmed machinedesigned to do the work of a person

ro-bust [rō-bŭst ́ ] adjective, vigorous, strong,healthy

rock [rŏk] noun, 1) a hard, natural material ofmineral origin, a stone 2) the mineral matterthat makes up a large portion of the earth’scrust verb, 3) to move back and forth or fromside to side

rock-et [rŏk ́ ĭt] noun, 1) a missile, a spacecraft,verb, 2) to shoot into space 3) to move swiftly

rod [rŏd] noun, a thin polerode [rōd] past tense of ride

ro-dent [rōd ́nt] noun, a small furry four-leggedanimal, like a squirrel, mouse or rat

ro-de-o [rō ́dē-ō ́] noun, a contest for people likecowhands to show their skill

rogue [rōg] noun, a scoundrelrole [rōl] noun, a part played by an actor, a char-

acterizationroll [rōl] noun, 1) a long drawn out noise 2) a

small rounded portion of bread, verb, 3) tomove along by turning over and over 4) tomake something flat by pressing it with aroller

EXAMPLES1. What part of speech is robust?

2. What is the definition of rogue?

The answer to question 1 is “adjective.” In the listing for robust, “adjective” comes right after thepronunciation. The answer to question 2 is “a scoundrel.” The definition of a word is the informationafter the part of speech.

ThesaurusA thesaurus is a special kind of dictionary that contains synonyms (words that have the same

meaning). Sometimes the thesaurus contains antonyms (words that have the opposite meaning).

EXAMPLEopinion—belief, feeling, view, conviction

GlossaryA glossary is a small dictionary at the back of a book. It gives definitions of words in the book

that might be unfamiliar.

Example of Glossary Pageaccent Gives extra importance to a note in a rhythm pattern.accompaniment Music that is performed to go with a melody.bar line A vertical line drawn though a staff to separate measures.borduns Repeated patterns used to accompany music. They have two pitches, one of

which is the home tone.call and response A style of choral singing. First one person sings the call and then the

rest of the chorus sings a response, or an answer.coda A short section added to the end of a song.

EXAMPLES1. Which word means “a short section added to the end of a song”?

2. What is the definition of bar line?

The answer to question 1 is “coda.” The answer to question 2 is “a vertical line drawn through astaff to separate measures.” (These answers were found by looking closely at the glossary page.)

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PRACTICEDictionary Page

coun-ter-part [koun-tur-part] noun 1. Someone or something that closely resembles anotherin some way. 2. One of two parts that complete each other.

count-less [kount-liss) adjective So many that you cannot count them. We had countless argu-ments.

coun-try [kuhn-tree) noun 1. A part of the world with its own borders and government. 2. Under-developed land away from town or cities. adjective country 3. The people of a nation. Heasked the countryʼs forgiveness.

coun-try-side [kuhn-tree-side] noun Undeveloped land away from towns or cities.coun-ty [koun-tee] noun A division or part of a state with its own local government. noun, plural

counties adjective countycou-ple [kuhp-uhl] noun 1. Two of something. 2. Two people paired together.cou-pon [koo-pon] noun 1. A small piece of paper that gives you a discount on something. 2. A

small form that you fill out to get information about something.

1. What is “one of two parts that complete each other”?

2. What is the adjective form of county?

3. What is the third definition of country?

4. What word means “so many that you cannot count them”?

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Sample Glossary Page

5. What is a “metric unit of temperature”?

6. What is a decade?

7. What is “the answer when subtracting two numbers”?

8. Define data.

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data – Pieces of collected information.day – A unit of time equal to 24 hours.decade – A unit of time equal to 10 years.decimal point – A dot used to separate

dollars from cents or ones from tenthsin a number.

decimeter (dm) – Metric unit of lengthequal to 10 centimeters.

degrees Celsius (˚C) – Metric unit of tem-perature.

degrees Fahrenheit (˚F) – Standard unitof temperature.

denominator – The number below thefraction bar in a fraction; The total num-ber of equal parts in all.

diameter – A line segment that connectstwo points on a circle and passesthrough the center.

difference – The answer when subtract-ing two numbers.

A a

9. According to the thesaurus, what part of speech is abbreviate?

10. What is a slang word for abhorrent?

11. According to the thesaurus, what part of speech is ablaze?

12. Give three synonyms for abide.

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abandon verb 1 LEAVE, desert, forsake,strand 2 GIVE UP, relinquish, surren-der, yield noun 3 WILDNESS, recklessness

abandonment noun LEAVING, dereliction, desertion, forsaking

abashed adjective EMBARRASSED,ashamed, chagrined, disconcerted, dismayed, humiliated, mortified,shamefaced, taken aback

abate verb DECREASE, decline, diminish,dwindle, fade, lessen, let up, moderate,relax, slacken, subside, weaken

abbey noun MONASTERY, covent, friary,nunnery, priory

abbreviate verb SHORTEN, abridge,compress, condense, contract, cut,reduce, summarize

abbreviation noun SHORTENING, abridgment, contraction, reduction,summary, synopsis

abdicate verb GIVE UP, abandon, quit,relinquish, renounce, resign, stepdown (informal)

abdication noun GIVING UP, abandonment, quitting, renunciation,resignation, retirement, surrender

abduct verb KIDNAP, carry off, seize,snatch

abduction noun KIDNAPPING, carryingoff, seizure

abberation noun ODDITY, abnormality,anomaly, defect, irregularity, lapse,quirk

abeyance noun in abeyance SHELVED,hanging fire, on ice (informal), pend-ing, suspended

abhor verb HATE, abominate, detest,loathe, shrink from, shudder at

abhorrent adjective HATEFUL, abominable, disgusting, hatred, horrid,loathsome, repulsive, scuzzy (slang)

abide verb TOLERATE, accept, bear,endure, put up with, stand, suffer

abide by verb OBEY, agree to, complywith, conform to, follow, observe, submit to

abiding adjective EVERLASTING, continuing, enduring, lasting, permanent, persistent, unchanging

ability noun SKILL, aptitude, capability,competence, expertise, talent

abject adjective 1 MISERABLE,deplorable, forlorn, hopeless 2SERVILE, cringing, degraded grovelling

ablaze adjective ON FIRE, aflame, alight,blazing, burning, fiery, flaming,ignited, lighted

able adjective, CAPABLE, accomplished,competent, efficient, proficient, qualified, skillful

abnormal adjective UNUSUAL

Review1. The light over the stove is burned out.

Which sentence below uses the word lightin the same way as this sentence?a. Light the match.b. We watched him light the grill.c. The bird was light as a feather.d. The bathroom light is too dim.

2. Please set the paper on the floor. Whichsentence below uses the word set in thesame way as this sentence?a. The TV set needed dusting.b. The set of china was shipped yesterday.c. Marilyn set the picture by the tele-

phone.d. Mary’s set of pens will be given to the

best student.

3. That cell is too small for the prisoner.Which sentence below uses the word cellin the same way as this sentence?a. My cell phone needs a new battery.b. He sat in the cell and read a book.c. We saw a cell under the microscope.d. The cell was destroyed by radiation.

4. The rooster’s crow was sounded at dawn.Which sentence below uses the wordcrow in the same way as this sentence?a. We heard the crow at 5:30 A.M.b. That suit is as dark as a crow.c. That crow was building a nest in the

barn.d. Do not run near that crow.

5. The kitten was very still. She did notmove a whisker. What is the meaning ofstill in this sentence?a. activeb. nervousc. oldd. quiet

6. That cheerleader was very tense. She waspacing the floor and looking very pale.What is the meaning of tense?

7. Puppies are very frisky. They jump,climb, and leap over everything. Whatdoes frisky mean?a. quietb. limpc. slowd. lively

Prose Fictionantagonist a rival or opponent of the hero. In

Hemingway’s The Old Man and the Sea, theantagonist is the sea and the great fish the oldman tries to catch.

character a person(s), animal, or natural force,appearing in a literary work. Hester Prynne isa character in The Scarlet Letter. In Hurston’sshort story, “Sweat,” Delia and Sykes are themain characters.

climax the most intense moment, the turningpoint in a work of fiction. In “A Worn Path,”the climax of the story occurs when granny isrescued out of a ditch by a hunter.

conflict the struggle between different forces inthe story. Four kinds of conflict are: 1. struggleagainst nature, as in Jack London’s “To Build aFire;” 2. struggle against another person, as inDouglas’s My Bondage and My Freedom; 3.struggle against society, as in Hawthorne’s TheScarlet Letter; or 4. struggle within a person, asin Poe’s “The Tell-Tale Heart.”

dialect non-standard English. Regional speech.Example: He don’t mean nothin’. He’s justcarryin’ on.

dialogue conversation between two or morecharacters. Huck Finn and his friend, Jim,have many conversations as they travel on theMississippi River in Huckleberry Finn.

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8. Which of the following means “the mostintense moment”?a. characterb. dialectc. climaxd. conflict

9. Which of the following was given as anexample of character?a. The Old Man and the Seab. Huckleberry Finnc. My Bondage and My Freedomd. Hester Prynne in The Scarlet Letter

10. What is “a rival of the hero”?a. conflictb. antagonistc. characterd. climax

11. In which book would this glossary befound?a. English Literatureb. World Geographyc. U.S. Historyd. Earth Science

12. Which of the following is an example ofdialect?a. “The Tell-Tale Heart”b. “A Worn Path”c. “Sweat”d. He don’t mean nothin’.

13. What is a conflict?a. a person, animal, or natural forceb. a rivalc. the struggle between the forces in the

storyd. conversation between two or more

characters

Use the dictionary on page 101 toanswer questions 14–19.

14. What are the guide words on this page?a. propose, propositionb. prophet, proscriptivec. proscriptive, proposed. proportion, propulsive

15. What part of speech is the word “prop-jet”?a. nounb. verbc. adjectived. adverb

16. How many definitions does proscribehave?a. 1b. 2c. 3d. 4

17. Which word means “protection from dis-ease”?a. prophylaxisb. proprietaryc. prorated. prophetic

18. Which of the following is an adverb?a. proponentb. prosaicallyc. proportionated. propose

19. What is the noun form of prorate?a. proratingb. proratablec. prorationd. prorated

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332 jumpjump (in or into) vb syn see PITCH IN 1jump (off) vb syn see BEGIN 1junction n 1 syn see CONCOURSEjuncture n a critical or crucial time or state of affairs

syn contingency, crisis, crossroads, emer-gency, exigency, pass, pinch, turning point

jungle n 1 syn see CLUTTER 2junk n syn see REFUSEjunk vb syn see DISCARDjunker n syn see JALOPYjunket n syn see EXCURSIONjunking n syn see DISPOSAL 2jurisdiction n syn see POWER 1 rel bounds, confines,

limits; compass, range, reach scopejust adj 1 syn see WELL FOUNDED 2 syn see TRUE 3

being what is called for by circumstances oraccepted standards syn appropriate, deserved,due, merited, requisite, right, rightful, suitablerel fit, fitting, meet, proper con farfetched,irrelevant, remote, improper, harsh, ant unjust4 syn see UPRIGHT 2 rel rigid, strict; depend-able reliable, tried, trustworthy 5 syn see FAIR4 rel aloof ant unjust 6 syn see FIT 1

just adv 1 as stated or indicated without deviationsyn accurately, bang, exactly, precisely, right,sharp rel definitely, directly, expressly,unmistakably con almost, nearly; approxi-mately, imprecisely

just about adv syn see NEARLYjustice n the action, practice, or obligation of

awarding each his just due syn equityjustify vb 1 syn see MAINTAIN 2 rel demonstrate,

prove; back, support, uphold con confute,disprove, refute 2 syn see CONFIRM 2 3 synsee EXPLAIN 3 rel extenuate, gloss, gloze,whitewash con accuse, arraign, incriminate,indict, denounce 4 to constitute sufficientgrounds syn warrant rel allow, permit;approve, authorize

justly adv syn see WELL 1juvenile adj syn see YOUNG 1 ant adultjuvenile n syn see CHILD 1

syn synonymsant antonymsrel related wordscon contrasted words

20. According to the thesaurus, what kind ofword is junket?a. adjectiveb. nounc. adverbd. verb

21. What is an antonym for juvenile?a. childb. youngc. adultd. adjacent

22. All of the following are synonyms for jus-tify except which one?a. confirmb. explainc. proved. extend

23. According to the thesaurus, what kind ofword is just?a. adverbb. adjectivec. verbd. both adverb and adjective

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CHAPTER 5—WRITINGCHAPTER 5—WRITING

Writing to a PromptIn this chapter, you will be writing essays or some kind of long written answer. You will not be

answering any questions about a passage that you have read.Your extended-response should be several paragraphs long.There are three different kinds of pages on which to write.

1. Planning—On planning, you may take notes, make a list, draw a graphic organizer, orwrite anything else that would help you organize your response.

2. Drafting—On drafting, you will write a first copy of your response.3. Rewrite—On rewrite, you will write your final copy. This final copy should have been

edited earlier in the “drafting” section. You may choose to make changes in the “drafting”section and not use the “rewrite” pages.

In your extended-response answer, remember to:• Check your spelling, grammar, capitalization and punctuation.• Use interesting thoughts and ideas.• Write in an organized way.• Stay focused on your topic.

A device called a prompt will be used to get you started writing your extended-response answers.A prompt is a short sentence or two to make you think about a topic. It is called a prompt because itis not a long essay that you read. It merely gives you an idea to write about when answering yourextended-response question.

Planning Planning is the first step in the writing process. You need to know what you are going to write

about, and how you are going to put your ideas in order so that they make sense to the reader.Your teacher will give you a topic to write on, or you will be allowed to choose your own topic.

Your teacher will also determine what type or form of writing you will be doing. You could be writ-ing an opinion piece, an informational piece, or a narrative piece.

There are several things to consider when writing – purpose, audience, how to capture interest, andhow to make passages easier to read. These have been discussed in earlier chapters.

After you are given your prompt, you need to gather your ideas for your response and organizethem. Use a graphic organizer to help you sort out your thoughts.

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EXAMPLE• Choose an African-American “trailblazer.” Write an essay that tells why this per-

son can be described as a “trailblazer.”

PLANNING (NOTES AND GRAPHIC ORGANIZER)worked as a maid to pay tuitionnurse’s aide in veterans hospitalmedical degreehead of Arkansas Department of HealthSurgeon General of US

DraftingWhen drafting your response, remember to stick to your topic. The topic is the main subject you

are writing about. Use details to support the topic. Use words that make your point clear and use punc-tuation effectively. Make sure that your sentences are in a clear order that is easy to understand.

Decide what kind of language you will be using—formal or casual. Formal (polite) language isused when writing essays or reports. Casual (everyday) language is used when telling stories, writ-ing in a journal, writing a letter to a friend, or in conversation.

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Dr. M. JocelynElders

Department ofHealth inArkansas maid

Nurse’s aidemedical degree

US Surgeon General

EXAMPLESCasual: That new student really bugs me.Formal: That new student really irritates me.

RevisingAfter you have drafted your response, revise if needed. Read your draft carefully and make sure

that your ideas are clear and complete and that all of the parts fit together. If needed, add words orsentences, take out words or sentences, move sentences around, or change sentences and words.

Once your revisions are done, read your response carefully to make sure that you have done yourbest.

Ask yourself these questions: 1. Did I express a complete thought in each sentence?2. Did I write a good topic sentence for each paragraph?3. Did I write detail sentences that support the main idea?4. Did I write detail sentences that keep to the topic?5. Did I use the correct language?

EditingAfter you have made all of your revisions,

it is time to proofread and edit your response.Editing means that you correct grammar,capitalization, punctuation, and spelling.Once you have edited, then you proofread tocheck your work one last time to make sure itis the best you can do.

Here are some tools that you can use toedit and proofread your writing.

Checklist for editing1. Did I begin each sentence with a

capital letter?2. Did I end each sentence with the

correct punctuation mark?3. Did I use other punctuation marks

correctly?4. Did I indent the first line of each

paragraph?5. Did I spell correctly?6. Did I write neatly?

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DRAFTING (FIRST COPY)Joycelyn Elders is an African-American trailblazer because she

was the first African-American US surgeon general. She worked veryhard and had to overcome many difficulties.

When she was young, she had to work as a maid to pay her tuitionto Philander Smith college. Her brothers and sisters pick extra cottonfrom the fields to help pay her bus fair to school.

She enjoyed biology and chemistry in college. She worked as a nurses aide in a hospital after Graduation. She then got a physicaltherapy internship when she joined the Army. She was a great soldier.

After three years, she enrolled in medical school. Her time in the militery granted her tuition from the GI Bill, which helped pay for her education. She received her Medical Degree from the University of Arkansas medical school .

In 1987 , then-governer Bill Clinton appointed her head of theArkansas Department of Health. She worked a lot with children whoreceived immunizations through expanding healthcare programs.

¶When Bill Clinton went to the White House, he took Elders with himas Surgeon General. She stayed true to her belief that the Surgeon General ’s job was to get the American people to discuss difficulthealthcare issues .

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<

<

Once you have finished your revising and editing, you will write your final copy. The final copyis the copy that will be turned in for grading.

REWRITE (FINAL COPY)Joycelyn Elders is an African-American trailblazer because she

was the first African-American US Surgeon General. She worked veryhard and had to overcome many difficulties.

When she was young, she had to work as a maid to pay her tuitionto Philander Smith College. Her brothers and sisters picked extra cottonfrom the fields to help pay her bus fare to school.

She enjoyed biology and chemistry in college. She worked as a nurses aide in a hospital after graduation. She then got a physicaltherapy internship when she joined the Army.

After three years, she enrolled in medical school. Her time in the military granted her tuition from the GI Bill, which helped pay for her education. She received her medical degree from the University of Arkansas Medical School.

In 1987, then-Governor Bill Clinton appointed her head of theArkansas Department of Health. She worked a lot with children whoreceived immunizations through expanding healthcare programs.

When Bill Clinton went to the White House, he took Elders with himas Surgeon General. She stayed true to her belief that the Surgeon General’s job was to get the American people to discuss difficulthealthcare issues .

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PRACTICE1. Read the following passage. Which detail does not belong in this passage? Why?

Mrs. Smith is a teacher. She spends hours planning her lessons weekly. She enjoys play-ing cards with her children. She has tutoring sessions for her students after school each day.She loves her job teaching.

2. Which sentence is in the wrong order in this passage?Sally got up early this morning. The sun was just appearing over the horizon. She ran out-

side to catch the school bus. She walked downstairs, got the milk out of the refrigerator, gotthe cereal out of the cabinet, sat down, and started eating her breakfast. After dressing forschool, she saw the bus from her window. She arrived at school early enough to talk with herfriends before class. Her mother was late for work again.

3. Which sentence does not belong in this passage?

4. Read the following passage. Edit this passage using your editing marks, and then rewrite it cor-rectly.

Howard hughes was a us aviator film producer, and entrepreneur. his investments include

airlines, motion picture studio and Las Vegas hotels After founding the Hughes Aircraft com-

pany, he break the air speed record in 1935, reaching a speed of 352 mph. This record was bro-

ken in a craft of his own desin. From 1950 until his death in 1976, He lived in seclusion. he

died a billionaire without a valid wil.

5. Read the following passage. Rewrite this passage so that it makes sense. Connect and arrangeyour sentences so the reader can follow your ideas. You may add or remove words or sentences.

Margarine is a butter substitute. No big deal, it does not contain dairy-product fat. Buttertastes better than margarine. The first margarine was made in 1869. It was made in Francefrom beef tallow. In 1910, vegetable oil was used to make margarine. Vegetable oil can beused to fry French fries too. Now, soybean oil is used to make the soft margarines. Peanut oilis used to make the soft margarines. Palm oil is used to make the soft margarines. These mar-garines are less likely to form cholesterol in the blood. My mother has to take cholesterol med-ications.

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Writing OpinionsOpinion writing is based on persuasion. To persuade means to get someone to agree with you. In

order to persuade someone, you must state your position, give facts to support your position, andexplain how those facts are important.

When you state your position, you must make your ideas clear in order to make your reader thinka certain way. You must say what you think, tell what needs to be done, and explain what will hap-pen if it is done.

When giving facts to support your position, try to include at least three facts or examples to sup-port your ideas. If you can give facts from books or articles or include direct quotations from some-one who is familiar with the topic, this will help your argument. Remember, you want people to agreewith you.

Lastly, in the final paragraph you must bring all of your arguments together. Summarize yourmain ideas and remind your readers what you want. Your last sentence should be your strongest state-ment.

EXAMPLE

• Take a position on whether cigarette advertising should or should not be allowed ontelevision. State your position and explain why cigarette advertising should or shouldnot be allowed on television.

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The Pieces of Your PaperTo construct your composition, you must have all the “pieces.”

BEGINNING

MIDDLE

ENDING

First, you must state a position.

Second, you must give reasons with details to clarify your position to the subject matter.

Third, you must sum up the composition by restating your position, and reiterating your reasons.

Transition WordsTransition words can help you move from the beginning to the middle and then to the ending of

your story.Listed below are some transitions words that you might want to use.

as a result first after in conclusion finallyabove in addition as soon in fact for this reasonalso immediately although last thereforebefore later beyond now yesterdaybesides second below tomorrow

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1. Position

2. Reasonswith details

3. Closure

1. Position

2. Reasonswith details

3. Closure

BEGINNING

MIDDLE

ENDING

Once the drafting, editing and revising were done, this is the final copy.

Cigarette advertising be allowed on television? No way! All it would accomplish would be tomake something bad look good.

First, advertising of any type makes everything look fun. A cigarette advertisement would showpeople having a wonderful time horseback riding, driving a convertible, or snow skiing while smok-ing a cigarette. This would prove to the person watching that if you smoke, you’re going to have funor do fun things while you smoke.

Second, the cigarette advertisements would have people surrounded by many friends. You wouldsee the smokers with their friends at games, races, parties, and at school. This would show the per-son watching that a person who smokes is always surrounded by lots of caring, loving people. Smok-ing would make you very popular.

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Position

Closure

Cigarette advertising should not be allowed on television.

Advertising would show a good, fun life if you smoke.1. fun activities2. always have fun while smoking

Advertising would show havingmany friends if you smoke.1. popular2. fun with friends

Advertising would show no dangerin smoking.1. long term results not shown2. good side-not bad side

Restate position and reiteratereasons.

#1 Reasonwith details #2 Reason

with details #3 Reasonwith details

And besides, the advertising would never tell you about or show you the long term results of smok-ing. They would never have people coughing after inhaling, breathing oxygen out of an oxygen tank,or in a hospital bed gasping for breath while they were enjoying a cigarette. People who would watchthe ads would think that smokers have a wonderful, healthy, long life while puffing away on a ciga-rette.

For these reasons, cigarette advertising should not be allowed on television. The advertisingwould show people having fun while smoking, having lots of friends because of smoking and notshow the dangerous effects of smoking.

PRACTICE1. Opinion Essay Prompt

Take a position on whether all 5-year-olds should or should not attend kindergarten. Stateyour position and explain why you think all 5-year-olds should or should not attend kinder-garten.

Remember to: • Explain in detail.• Stay on topic.• Use correct capitalization, punctuation, spelling and grammar.• Plan, draft and then rewrite your final copy.

Use notebook paper to plan and draft your response. Write your final copy on the followingpages.

Rewrite (final copy)

Chapter 5


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eog assessment the competitive edge · 2019. 12. 2. · hemingway’s the old man and the sea, the...

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