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R. VOUK: Uloga menadžmenta opskrbnog lanca u povećanju konkurentnosti poduzeća... EKONOMSKI PREGLED, 56 (11) 1013-1030 (2005) 1013 UDK 339.137.2:334.012 JEL Classification M11, L10 Pregledni članak ULOGA MENADŽMENTA OPSKRBNOG LANCA U POVEĆANJU KONKURENTNOSTI PODUZEĆA Pojam menadžmenta opskrbnog lanca, koji je nastao na po č etku osamdesetih godina predstavlja optimizaciju razina zaliha, usluga kupcu i logisti č kih aktivnosti. Menadžment opskrbnog lanca odražava stratešku ulogu dobavljač a u pridonošenju dugoro č nom uspjehu poduzeća. Dobavljač i, i nabava proizvoda i proces isporuke proizvoda potrošač u postali su ključ ni za konkurentnost. Poduzeće uspostavlja dugoroč an odnos sa nekoliko pouzdanih dobavljač a i ne želi imati višestruke izvore za svaki nabavljeni proizvod. Strukturu opskrbnog lanca u mnogoč emu određ uju tehnologija, osobito elektroni č ka razmjena podataka, sustav brzorea giraju će isporuke i sustav djelotvornog prilagođ ivanja potražnji. Produženje opskrbnog lanca što se tič e vremena i udaljenosti (posljedica globalizacije) dalo je dodatnu važnost logisti č koj povezanosti s isporukom sirovina i dijelova proizvoda i s isporukom goto- vih proizvoda kupcima. Mnogobrojne su mogu ćnosti poboljšanja djelot- vornosti poduzeća poboljšanjem menadžmenta opskrbnog lanca. Neko- liko međ uovisnih elemenata bitno je za djelotvornu primjenu programa menadžmenta opskrbnog lanca. To su ponajprije dugoroč ni odnosi, zatim razmjena informacija i financijska operativna i tehni č ka snaga dobavljač a u vezi s proizvodima koje proizvodi i isporuč uje. Ključ ne riječ i:opskrbni lanac, logistika, distribucijski centar, obrtaj zaliha, pro fitabilnost ulaganja Rudolf Vouk* * R. Vouk, dr. sc., izvanredni profesor na Ekonomskom fakultetu Zagreb. Rad primljen u uredništvo: 8. 8. 2005.

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