epaper himalini hindi magazine nepal december 2014

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o"F tf] ;fs{ d] + ef/ t cf} / kfls: tfg bf] ;a;] zlQmzfnL cf} / k/ df0f' zlQm ;DkGg / fi6« x} . n] lsg kfls: tfg sL t'ngf d] +| ef/ t sL / fhgLlt d] + : yfloTj Hofbf xf] g] s] sf/ 0f tyf kfls: tfg d] + xf] / x] cft+sjflbof] + sL ultljlwof] + s] sf/ 0f kfs sL t'ngf d] + ef/ t sf dxTj Hofbf x} . blIf0f Plzof sL kof{j/ 0fLo Joj: yf d] + blIf0f Plzof sL P] ltxfl;s k/ Dk/ f, hg;+Vof, e"–efu, cfly{s tTj, cfw'lgsLs/ 0f sL k/ Dk/ f, / fi6« lgdf{0f sL k|lqmof, hftLo ;+3if{, hftLo / fhgLlt, / fhgLlts ljsf; sf k|f¿k, If] qLo ;xof] u h} ;] tTj dxTjk"0f{ x} + . ;fs{ rf6{/ cg';f/ ;fs{ ;Dd] ngf] + d] + låkIfLo tyf ljjfb: kb ljifof] + k/ ljrf/ ljdz{ gxL+ s/ g] sL Joj: yf s] sf/ 0f eL ;fs{ c;kmn / xf x} . oxL sf/ 0f x} ls / fhgLlts tyf u} / ;'/ IffTds If] q d] + O;g] ceL ts sf] O{ pNn] vgLo sfo{ gxL+ lsof x} . ljjfb tyf ;d: of ;] u|l;t O; If] q d] + ;fs{ sL : yfkgf xL Ps dxTjk"0f{ pknlAw x} . ;fs{ ;Dd] ngf] + d] + låkIfLo tyf ljjfbf: kb dfdnf] k/ ;fs{ rf6{/ lgdf{tfcf] + g] O;lnP k|ltaGw nufof ls P] ;f gxL+ s/ g] ;] ;fs{ s] cl: tTj k/ xL vt/ f pTkGg xf] g] sL ;Defjgf yL .

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ef/ t ;fs{ : yfkgf s/ g] jfn] / fi6«f] + d] + ;] Ps x} tf] rLg @))% ;] ;fs{

s] ko{j] Ifs sL e"ldsf lgjf{x s/ / xf x} . uf} / tna x} ls Psaf/ lkm/ rLg g] ckgL lbnL OR5f htfO{ x} ls p;] ;fs{ d] + zfldn s/ lnof hfo . Sof rLg sL O; OR5f sf] ;xhtf s] ;fy : jLsf/ lsof hf ;stf x} < ef/ t cf} / rLg bf] ;zSt / fi6« x} + cf} / jt{dfg d] + rLg ef/ t, g] kfn, a+unfb] z, >L n+sf cflb b] zf] + s] ;fy Jofkfl/ s cf} / cfly{s 3lgi7tf a9Þf / xf x} . ;fs{ s] clwsf+z b] z rLg s] kIf d] + xL lbv / x] x} + . lsGt' hxfF ts ef/ t sf ;jfn x} , jx cfFv] + d"Fbs/ rLg cf} / kfls: tfg k/ ljZjf; s/ g] sL l: ylt d] + gxL+ x} . ;fs{

lzv/ ;Dd] ng s] pb\3f6g ;df/ f] x d] + pkl: yt ko{j] Ifsf] + d] + ;] Ps rLg s] pk ljb] zd+qL g] rLg s] lk5n] ;xof] u sfo{ sf xjfnf b] t] x'P sxf ls rLg ;fs{ sf ;b: o g xf] t] x'P eL ;fs{ s] ;xsfo{ d] + zfldn x} cf} / eljio d] + eL cf} / ghbLsL s] ;fy sfd s/ gf rfxtf x} . g] kfn cf} / kfls: tfg bf] gf] + xL rLg sf] ;fs{ d] + zfldn s/ gf rfxt] x} + . !@÷!# gjDa/ @))% 9fsf lzv/ ;Dd] ng d] + ox k|: tfj g] kfn sL t/ km ;] nfof uof yf . p; ;do g] kfn d] + / fht+q yf cf} / tTsfnLg / fhf 1fg] Gb| g] ox k|: tfj / vf yf . afb d] + O; k|: tfj s] ;fy a+unfb] z, kfls: tfg cf} / >Ln+sf eL ;fy xf] lnP . !*jfF ;fs{

;Dd] ng z'? xf] g] ;] kxn] xL ox ;jfn lkm/

p7g] nuf ls Sof rLg sf] ;fs{

d] + zfldn s/ lnof hfo < xfnfFls

O;;] ;DalGwt sf] O{ lg0f{o O; ;Dd] ng d] +

gxL+ lnof uof cf} / ox Otgf cf;fg eL gxL+ x} . ef/ t

seL O; aft s] lnP ;xhtf ;] t} of/ gxL+ xf] ;stf . Sof] +ls rLg cf} / kfls: tfg ef/ t s] P] ;] bf] k8Þf] ;L x} + lhgk/ ljZjf; s/ gf pgs] lnP cf;fg gxL+ x} . ljZj kl/ b[Zo d] + Ps pe/ tL x'O{ zlSt s] ¿k d] + ef/ t sf] b] vf hf / xf x} cf} / ox aft rLg cf} / kfls: tfg xhd s/ n] P] ;L l: ylt eL gxL+ lbvtL tf] , Sof kfls: tfg rLg sf] O;lnP ;fs{ d] + nfgf rfxtf x} ls, ef/ t cnu ynu k8Þ hfo < ;fs{ b] z k"/ ] ljZj s] e"uf] n sf tLg k|ltzt x} . ljZj cfafbL s] @! k|ltzt nf] u oxfF / xt] x} + . ;fs{ b] zf] + s] s'n e"If] q, cfafbL cf} / cy{Joj: yf sf s/ La &) k|ltzt ef/ t d] + x} . ;fs{ b] zf] + d] + ef/ t xL P] ;f b] z x} lh;sL ;Ldf cf7 ;b: oLo b] zf] + d] + ;ft ;] h'8ÞtL x} + . ef/ t Ps nDaL ;Ldf rLg ;] ;femf s/ tf x} cf} / g] kfn O;s] aLr d] + x} . O;lnP ef/ t cf} / rLg, Og bf] gf] + b] zf] + s] aLr g] kfn sL e"ldsf Sof xf] gL rflxP < ;Dd] ng z'? xf] g] ;] kxn] g] kfn s] ljQd+qL / fdz/ 0f dxt, ljb] zd+qL dx] Gb| axfb'/ kf08] o cf} / ;"rgf d+qL ldg] Gb| l/ hfn g] ox jStJo lbof ls rLg sf] ;fs{ sf ;b: o agfof hfo . O; jStJo s] kL5] g] kfn sL gLlt Sof x} jf] lkmnxfn c: ki6 x} . hxfF ts rLg sf ;jfn x} tf] p;sL jr{: j gLlt : ki6 x} . jx ckgL lj: tf/ jfbL gLlt s] txt sfd

g] kfn sL ef} uf] lns agfj6 s'5 P] ;L x} ls p;] tLg dxTjk"0f{ b] zf] + sf rfx] cgrfx] ;fy ldn / xf x} . ef/ t g] kfn s] k|lt l;km{ / f] 6L cf} / a] 6L s] ;DaGw s] gft] nrLnf gxL+ x} , jx cR5L t/ x hfgtf x} ls g] kfn sf] v'z / vgf p;sL cfjZostf xL gxL+ ljjztf x}

Sof] +ls, g] kfn rLg cf} / kfs s] aLr sjr sf sfd s/ tf x} . cf} / jxL+ kfs cf} / rLg g] kfn sf] ;xfotf s/ s] jx hl/ of agfgf rfxtf

x} hxfF ;] ef/ t k/ xfy 8fngf ;Dej xf] ;s] .


;fs{ ljz]if

s/ gf rfxtf x} cf} / g] kfn d] + p;] k|>o eL b] gf rfxtf x} . rLg ef} uf] lns b[li6 ;] k"jL{ Plzof sf b] z x} . p;sL ;Ldf e"6fg, g] kfn, kfls: tfg cf} / ef/ t ;] h'8ÞtL x} . lsGt' oxL Ps jhx p;] ;fs{ sf ;b: o gxL+ agf ;stL Sof] +ls cu/ P] ;f x} tf] ¿; eL ;fs{ ;b: o xf] ;stf x} Sof] +ls p;sL ;Ldf eL ckmuflg: tfg ;] h'8ÞL x'O{

x} . ox tf] to x} ls ef/ t ;fs{ d] + ta ts dha"t l: ylt d] + x} hats rLg p;d] + zfldn gxL+ x} . rLg s] zfldn xf] g] ;] bIf] ; d] + Ps gP w|'jLs/ 0f sf hGd xf] hfPuf hf] ef/ t sf] xflzP k/ nf ;stf x} . O;lnP ef/ t seL eL rLg sf] ;fs{

d] + zfldn s/ g] k/ ckgL ;xdlt gxL+ b] ;stf x} .

g] kfn rLg s] kIf d] + x} Sof] +ls rLg sf ;xof] u p;] ldntf x} . cfh ;fs{ ;Dd] ng lh; ;efuf/ d] + ;DkGg x'cf, jx rLg åf/ f lgld{t x} . ef/ t s] k|wfgd+qL sf ;'/ Iff sjr rLg s] ;f} hGo ;] xL ;Dej x'cf . ;fs{ s] db\b] gh/ ;'/ Iff sL x/

cfjZos rLhf] + sf] rLg g] d'x} of s/ jfof . rLg g] b; s/ f] 8Þ o"cfg sf ;'/ Iff pks/ 0f g] kfn sf] pknAw s/ fof x} . a'n] 6k|"km b; ufl8ÞofF jxfF ;] cfO{ x} + . sxg] sf tfTko{ ox ls ;fs{ sL ;'/ Iff sf ef/ rLg g] p7fof Sof cGo ;fs{ b] zf] + d] + ox IfdTff gxL+ yL <

df] bL g] x] lnsfK6/ pkxf/ d] + lbof O;;] tf] cR5f xf] tf ls ;'/ Iff Joj: yf k/ xL vr{ s/ lbof xf] tf . ef/ t ;] cfO{ uf8ÞL k/ gjfh sf] a} 7g] d] + Pt/ fh yf lsGt' rLg sL uf8ÞL d] + a} 7g] ;] sf] O{ u'/ ] h gxL+ . o] aft] + hflx/ s/ tL x} + ls sf} g ls;s] lstg] s/ La x} . ;eL hfgt] x} + ls kfls: tfg sf] cf0fljs ;xfotf rLg cf} / cd] l/ sf ;] ldnL x} . ox cf} / aft x} ls cfh cd] l/ sf g] ckgf bfdg 5'8Þf lnof x} . v} / o] ;f/ L jhx] + xf] ;stL x} + ls g] kfn rLg sf ;fy b] / xf x} . rLg sf g] kfn k/ k|efj sf Ps cf} / pbfx/ 0f ;fdg] cf / xf x} . ;+rf/ dfWod s] åf/ f ca ox aft eL ;fdg] cf / xL x} ls ef/ tLo k|wfgd+qL s] hgsk'/ e|d0f / 2 xf] g] s] kL5] rLg sf x: tIf] k x} cf} / cu/ P] ;f x} tf] ;fdfGo ;L aft x} ls ef/ t seL eL ;fs{ d] + rLg sL pkl: ylt gxL+ rfx] uf . Sof] +ls rLg s] a9Þt] jr{: j cf} / lj: tf/ jfbL gLlt ;] ef/ t enLefFlt kl/ lrt x} cf} / kfls: tfg ;] p;sL ghbLsL ;] eL jx jflskm x} . lsGt' Og ;eL s] aLr g] kfn sf] ox gxL+ e"ngf rflxP ls g] kfn s] ljsf; d] + rLg s] ;xof] u s] ;fy–;fy ef/ t sf ;xof] u eL ck] lIft x} Sof] +ls sO{ cfGtl/ s aft] + P] ;L x} +, hf] g] kfn sf] rLg ;] clws ef/ t s] s/ La nftL x} + .

/ xf ;jfn kfls: tfg sf tf] kfs cf} / ef/ t s] l/ Ztf] + sL s8Þjfx6 tf] ;Dd] ng s] bf} / fg : ki6 ¿k ;] b] vg] sf] ldnL . k"/ ] pb\3f6g ;q d] + gjfh cf} / g/ ] Gb| Psb";/ ]

ox aft eL ;fdg] cf / xL x} ls ef/ tLo

k|wfgd+qL s] hgsk'/ e|d0f / 2 xf] g] s] kL5]

rLg sf x: tIf] k x} cf} / cu/ P] ;f x} tf]

;fdfGo ;L aft x} ls ef/ t seL eL ;fs{ d] +

rLg sL pkl: ylt gxL+ rfx] uf . Sof] +ls rLg

s] a9Þt] jr{: j cf} / lj: tf/ jfbL gLlt ;] ef/ t

enLefFlt kl/ lrt x} cf} / kfls: tfg ;] p;sL

ghbLsL ;] eL jx jflskm x} .

11lxdflngLlb;Da/@)!$

;fs{ ljz]if

;] gh/ ] + r'/ ft] / x] . bf] gf] + s] r] x/ ] k/ tgfj cf} / b"/ L dx;"; sL hf ;stL yL . gjfh s] ;Daf] wg d] + sxL+ eL cft+sjfb gxL+ yf jxL+ ef/ t @^÷!! sL kL8Þf sf] ofb s/ / xf yf . kfs sL w/ tL cft+sjfb s] lnP k|of] u xf] tL / xL x} ox sO{ af/ ;flat xf] r'sf x} tf] Sof p;] cft+sjfb sf] ;Daf] wg gxL+ s/ gf rflxP yf, hals cfh ;Dk"0f{ ljZj O;;] h"em / xf x} . ox eL Ps s6' ;r x} ls g] kfn sL w/ tL eL ufx] aufx] O; gfkfs sfd s] lnP k|of] u xf] tL / xL x} . O; l: ylt d] + g] kfn sL s"6gLlt Sof xf] gL rflxP < cft+s sL sf] O{ hft gxL+ xf] tL cf} / gf xL p;sf sf] O{ wd{ xf] tf x} P] ;] d] + xd ox ;f] r s/ lglZr+t / x] + ls xd k/ O;sf c;/ gxL+ xf] uf tf] ox xdf/ L v'zkmxdL xf] uL . g] kfn sL ef} uf] lns agfj6 s'5 P] ;L x} ls p;] tLg dxTjk"0f{ b] zf] + sf rfx] cgrfx] ;fy ldn / xf x} . ef/ t g] kfn s] k|lt l;km{ / f] 6L cf} / a] 6L s] ;DaGw s] gft] nrLnf gxL+ x} , jx cR5L t/ x hfgtf x} ls g] kfn sf] v'z / vgf p;sL cfjZostf xL gxL+ ljjztf x} Sof] +ls, g] kfn rLg cf} / kfs s] aLr sjr sf sfd s/ tf x} . cf} / jxL+ kfs cf} / rLg g] kfn sf] ;xfotf s/ s] jx hl/ of agfgf rfxtf x} hxfF ;] ef/ t k/ xfy 8fngf ;Dej xf] ;s] . lsGt' Og ;as] aLr g] kfn sL ckgL Ps dha"t gLlt tf] xf] gL rflxP . p;] ox Wofg cjZo / vgf rflxP ls ljZj / fhgLlt d] + sf} g ;f b] z P] ;f x} , lh;sf ;fy p;] dha"tL k|bfg s/ ;stf x} , ;fy xL g] kfn sL hgtf Sof rfxtL x} O;sf eL p;] Vofn / vgf xL k8Þ] uf . O;] cgb] vf s/ gf ;DejtM ;xL gxL+ xf] uf . ls;L Ps sf] k/ ] zfgL d] +

8fns/ cf} / b";/ ] sf] v'z / vs/ g] kfn ckgf enf gxL+ s/ ;stf O;lnP Ps cR5] k8Þf] ;L s] gft] p;] k|To] s ;] ;DaGw cR5] / vg] xL k8Þ] +u] .

ef/ t ckg] k8Þf] ;L b] zf] + ;] l/ Zt] ;'wf/ g] sL kxn s/ r'sf x} . ef/ tLo k|wfgd+qL : ki6 ¿k d] + sx / x] x} + ls ef/ t teL v'z / x] uf ha p;sf k8Þf] ;L b] z v'z / x] uf . g] kfn sL / fhgLlt cf} / g] kfn s] nf] uf] + sL ;f] r d] + ef/ t sf] n] s/ sfkmL xb ts ;'wf/ x'P x} + . ;Dd] ng s] bf} / fg df] bL g] lbNnL cf} / sf7dfG8" s] aLr ;LwL a; ;] jf sf pkxf/ lbof x} . ef/ t cR5L t/ x hfgtf x} ls ox a; ;] jf ;'/ Iff sL b[li6 ;] r'gf} tLk"0f{ x} . lsGt' ox Ps gP ;+b] z sf] eL k|] lift s/ / xf x} . O;] Ps

Jofks kl/ k|] Io d] + b] vg] ;] ox ktf rntf x} ls ;fs{ b] zf] + cf} / ef/ tLo pkdxfåLk d] + ;fdl/ s b[li6sf] 0f ;] ox Ps dxTjk"0f{{ sbd x} . O;sf k|efj ljZj / fhgLlt d] + cfFsf hfPuf cf} / ef/ t sL / 0fgLlt s] ¿k d] + b] vf hfPuf . ef/ t sf ckg] k8Þf] ;L b] zf] + ;] / fhgLlts 6s/ fj x} , O;lnP p;] ;fjwfgL ;] gLlt lgwf{/ 0f sL cfjZostf x} . g] kfn s] ;fy ;DaGw ljZjf;L cf} / e/ f] ;] dGb xf] O;s] lnP g] kfn s] dgf] efj sf] ;demt] x'P sbd p7fg] sL cfjZostf x} . sO{ cR5] cf;f/ bf] gf] + b] zf] + s] aLr lbv / x] x} + . sO{ dxTjk"0f{ ;demf} t] x'P x} +, lhgk/ cfd hgtf sL pDdLb] + l6sL x'O{ x} + . lsGt' Og ;a s] aLr ox eL uf} / tna x} ls g] kfn s] lgdf{0f ;] S6/ d] + rLg sf cR5fvf;f lgj] z x} cf} / k|: tfljt of] hgfPF eL clws x} + . ;fy xL g] kfn sL hgtf sf cR5f ;dy{g eL p;] k|fKt x} . P] ;] d] + g] kfn sL k"/ L sf] lzz xf] uL ls cfh g sn rLg sf] ;fs{ d] + : yfg ldn hfo cf} / kfs rLg sf ;bfaxf/ ldq x} Sof] +ls p;sL ;fdl/ s cfjZostfcf] + sf] jxL k"/ f s/ tf x} . P] ;] d] + p;sf eL ;fy b] gf nfhdL xL x} . lsGt' ;fs{ sf lgod x} ls ls;L eL k|: tfj k/ cu/ Ps b] z sL eL / hfdGbL gxL+ x} tf] jx k|: tfj nfu" gxL+ xf] kfPuf h} ;f ls O; ;Dd] ng d] + eL kfs sL jhx ;] sO{ k|: tfjf] + sf] d+h"/ L gxL+ ldn kfO{, O; xfnft d] + lkmnxfn rLg sf ;kgf ;fsf/ xf] g] sL cj: yf tf] gxL+ lbv / xL x} . lll


;fs{ ljz]if

;'lht s'df/ emf

;fs{ ;Dd] ng s] bf} / fg ha @% gj+a/ sf] ef/ tLo k|wfgd+qL g/ ] +b| df] bL cf} / g] kfn s] k|wfgd+qL ;'zLn sf] O/ fnf g] sf7df08" gO{ lbNnL a; ;] jf sf] x/ L em+8L lbvfO{ tf] g s] jn bf] gf] + b] zf] + s] oflqof] + sf] Ps a8ÞL / fxt kx'FrL alNs O; a; ;] jf sf] Jofkf/ cf} / ko{6g s] If] q d] + a8ÞL ;kmntf dfgf hf / xL x} . n] lsg ;jfn x} ls cflv/ ox ofqf lstgL ;'/ lIft xf] uL < Sof ef/ tLo / ] n h} ;L oflqof] + sf] ;'/ Iff b] ;s] uL ef/ tLo ;/ sf/ < So"Fls cg'ej atft] x} +– ef/ t d] + g] kfnL oflqof] + ;] j} ;f atf{a gxL+ lsof hftf h} ;f g/ ] +b| df] bL ckg] efif0f d] + sxt] x} + of lkm/ jf] hfgt] x} + .

sf7df+8" ;] gO{ lbNnL ¿6 sL aft s/ ] + tf] sf7df+8" ;] rns/ g] kfn ef/ t sL ;Ldf e} / xjf, ;'gf} nL, uf] / vk'/ cf} / nvgpm s] dfu{ ;] lbNnL sf x} cf} / gO{ lbNnL ;] sf7df+8" od'gf PS;k|] ; xfO{j] s] dfu{ ;] cfu/ f, lkÞm/ f] hÞfafb, sfgk'/ , nvgpm s] / f: t] ;'gf} nL xf] t] x'P g] kfn sf x} . cu/ ;+lIfKt d] + sx] tf] g] kfn ;] lgsnL a; gO{ lbNnL ts ef/ t s] / fHo pQ/ k|b] z d] + xL / x] uL . cu/ ef/ tLo O+6/ 6] gd] +6 6] nLljhÞg ;f] gL sL aft dfg] tf] qmfOd k] 6«f] n b: ts s] d'tflas Hofbft/ ck/ fw pQ/ k|b] z ;] xL h'8ÞL

xf] tL x} . P] ;] d] + s} ;] dfg n] + ls ls;L b";/ ] b] z ;] lgsnL ;jf/ L sf] k"0f{ ¿k ;] ;'/ Iff bL hf ;s] uL <

ox sf] O{ kxnL dt{af gxL+ x} , sf7df+8" ;] gO{ lbNnL sfkÞmL lbgf] + ;] 6«] jnPh] +6 cf} / ko{6s a; åf/ f a; ;] jf pknAw x} cf} / nf] u cft] hft] / xt] x} + . n] lsg pgsf dfggf x} ls a; ;] jf

g] kfnL oflqof] + of lkm/ O;d] + ;kÞm/ s/ g] jfnf] + ;eL ;] / f: t] d] + ;'/ Iff s] gfd k/ ef/ tLo ;'/ IffsdL{ g tf] s] an 8/ ft] , wdsft] x'P k} ;f j;"nt] x} + alNs ceb| atf{j eL s/ g] ;] gxL+ r"st] . xfnfFls ox ;d: of ef/ tLo / ] nj] d] + sfkmL lbgf] + ;] x} n] lsg / ] n d] + sfkmL nf] u xf] g] ;] P] ;f atf{j s/ gf cf;fg gxL+ xf] tf . lgod s] d'tflas a; d] + ofqf s] bf} / fg aLr d] + ls;L d';flkm/ sf] gxL+ lnof hfPuf lh;;] rf] / L yd ;stL x} cf} / ofqL cf/ fdbfos ;km/ s/ ;s] +u] .

ef/ tLo k|wfgdGqL df] bL s] k|yd g] kfn bf} / ] s] afb ef/ tLo ko{6sf] +

sL ef/ L ;+Vof d] + a9Þf] Q/ L x'O{ x} cf} / P] ;f nutf x} ls ca l;km{ xjfO{ dfu{ cf} / / ] nj] ;km/ ko{fKt gxL+ xf] uf cf} / nf] u cfkftsfn ofqf gxL+ s/ kfPFu] . P] ;L l: ylt d] + a; ;] jf hf/ L s/ g] ;] g] kflnof] + d] + xiff] {pNnf; sL sf] O{ sdL gxL+ x} . x/ sf] O{ 5f] 6L cjlw d] + ca lbNnL s] nfnlsnf, h+t/ d+t/ cf} / cfu/ f s] tfhdxn b] vgf rfx] +u] . ef/ tLof] + s] lnP eL kz'kltgfy bz{g b] g] s] lnP sf7df08" d] + ;b} j lj/ fhdfg x} + . ef/ t g] kfn sL b"/ L eL ca 36tL x'O{ gh/ cftL x} . P] ;] d] + bf] gf] + ;/ sf/ sf] O; ;] jf sf] lg/ +t/ tf b] g] sL cfjZostf x} , gxL+ tf] / S;f} n cdn] vu+h / ] nj] sL t/ x o] aft eL Ps Oltxf; ag s/ g / x hfP . ef/ t ;/ sf/ sf] eL pQ/ k|b] z ;/ sf/ ;] aft s/ s] g] kfn ef/ t kl/ jxg k/ laz] if lgu/ fgL / vg] s] lnP aft s/ gL rflxP . cu/ xf] ;s] tf] ls;L eL d'lZsn 38ÞL d] + oflqof] + sf] : yfgLo k'ln; sL db\b n] gL rflxP cf} / ef/ tLo ;'/ Iff sL t/ km ;] eL oflqof] + sf] ofqf s] bf} / fg ;Defljt 36gfcf] + ;] lga6g] s] lnP ;nfx b] gL rflxP . ;do k/ ;ts{tf sL cfjZostf x} , Sof] +ls ;ts{tf uO{ tf] b'3{6gf x'O{ .-n] vsM jl/ i7 ;f‘ˆ6j] o/ ljZn] ifs x} _

lstgf ;'/ lIft x} g] kfn–ef/ t kl/ jxg <

qmfOd k] 6«f] n b: ts s] d'tflas Hofbft/ ck/ fw pQ/ k|b] z ;]

xL h'8 ÞL xf] tL x} . P] ;] d] + s} ;] dfg n] + ls ls;L b";/ ] b] z ;]

lgsnL ;jf/ L sf] k"0f{ ¿k ;] ;'/ Iff bL hf ;s] uL <


/d]z emf

larf/ dLdf+;f

sf7df+8" sL :jR5tf, ;'Gb/tf sa ts <

PlzofnL If] qLo ;xof] u ;+u7g -;fs{_ sf !*jf+ lzv/ ;Dd] ng If] qLo d'2f] + k/ g] t[Tj : t/ Lo ;+o'Qm -;femf_ cjwf/ 0ff lgdf{0f s/ g] s] ;Gbe{ d] + sf7df+8" dxfgu/ kflnsf sL 56f, : jR5tf, ;'Gb/ tf sf] k'ghL{ljt s/ ljZj s] ;fdg] k|bz{g s/ g] sf Ps pko'Qm cj;/ g] kfn sf] k|fKt x'cf . sf7df+8" dxfgu/ kflnsf sO{ jiff] +{ ;] w"n–w"cf+ cf} / s"8] Þ–sr/ f] + ;] k|b"lift yf, n] lsg ;fs{ s] cj;/ k/ k|b"if0f/ lxt zx/ s] ¿k d] + lbvfO{ b] g] nuf . ;fs{ ;Dd] ng d] + cltly s] ?k d] + cfg] jfn] blIf0f Plzof s] zLif{: y g] tfcf] + sf] ko{6sLo gu/ s] ¿k d] + ljZj k|l;4 sf7df8" sL k|lti7f sfod s/ g] s] lnP tyf O;sL dgf] x/ tf sf] rf/ rfFb nufg] s] lnP sO{ dxLgf] + ;] o'4: t/ k/ sfd lsof hf / xf yf . ;8Þs] +, ulnof+, km'6kfy, / ] lnª ;a s] ;a go] l;/ ] ;] / ft / ft e/ sfd s/ s] agfP uP . dfu{ s] bf] gf] + t/ km go] kf} w] lbvfO{ b] g] nu] . rf} s–rf} / fx] k/ clwsflws ;+Vof d] + km"nf] + ;] e/ ] udn] / v] uP . Otgf xL gxL+, sO{–sO{ lbgf] + ts kfgL sL km'xf/ f] + ;] pGx] + rdsfg] sf sfd eL lsof uof . lh;;] nf] uf] + sf] tfhfkg tyf : jR5tf sf cg'ej xf] . ;fs{ cltlyof] + sf cfjfudg xf] g] jfn] / f: t] s] lsgf/ f] + k/ l: yt JolQmut ejgf] + sf] eL / +u–/ f] ug s/ jfof uof . ulnof] + sL ;kmfO{ sL uO{ . ;Dkbf: yn, tfnfaf] + tyf kfsf] { sL d/ Ddt sL uO{ . tfnfjf] + d] + / +u–lj/ +uL km'xf/ f] sL Joj: yf sL uO{ . ;fj{hlgs : ynf] + k/ cxlg{z rdrdftL ljhnL sL Joj: yf : yflkt s/ s] sf7df+8" sf] b"Nxg sL t/ x ;hfof uof . ;f} Gbo{o'Qm sf7df+8" sf] b] vs/ ;j{;fwf/ 0f hgtf sx / xL yL ls sfz P] ;f ;Dd] ng x/ ] s jif{ xf] tf tf] xdf/ L / fhwfgL k|b"if0f/ lxt xf] hftL . ;j{;fw/ 0f hgtf sf] Sof ktf ls P] ;f s/ g] s] lnP ;j{;fwf/ 0f hgtf k/ C0f sf af] em lstgf k8Þ] uf . O; t/ x rdrdftL sf7df+8" dxfgu/ L k'gM ckgL k'/ fgL lgolt s] ;fy ljb|"ktf sL cf] / nf} 6g] nuL x} . rdrdftL gu/ L sf] ljb|"ktf sL cf] / nf} 6fg] d] + dxfgu/ , g] kfn ;/ sf/ sL k|zf;lgs c;Ifdtf s] ;fy–;fy ;j{;fwf/ 0f

hgtf sL bl/ b| dfgl;stf bf] ifL x} + ./ fi6«Lo ;efu[x s] kl/ ;/ d] + cf/ lIft

udn] cleefjs ljxLg xf] uP x} + . ;fs{ sf ;d'b\3f6g tyf ;dfkg ;df/ f] x cfof] hg : yn, k|] Iffno d] + : yflkt s'l;{of] + d] + ;] s'5 s'l;{of+ 6"6L k8ÞL x} + cf} / d/ Ddt sL k|tLIff d] + x} + . kfgL s] km'xf/ ] ljnLg xf] r's] x} + . / f: t] k/ w"n sL k/ t] + lbvfO{ b] g] nuL x+} . lj: yflkt b'sfg] k'gM km'6kfyf] + sf] cltqmldt s/ g] nuL x} + . ;fs{ ;Dd] ng s] qmd d] + s"8] Þ–sr/ ] sf k|z+;gLo Joj: yfkg lkm/ / f: tf] + s] lsgf/ ] hdf xf] g] nu] x} + . !*j] + ;fs{ ;Dd] ng cfof] lht xf] g] s] qmd d] + lsP uP k|z+;gLo sfof] {+ sf] b] v/ hgtf xlif{t yL . k/ g] kfnL hgtf d] + JofKt clzIff, s';+: sf/ tyf d/ s6 : jefj s] sf/ 0f ;fs{ ;Dd] ng sL ;dflKt kZrft\ k} bn ofqLu0f dgdfg] t/ Ls] ;] / f: tf kf/ s/ g,] km"nf] + ;] e/ ] udn] s] pmk/ ;] / f: tf kf/ s/ g] ;] udnf] + d] + ;] km"nf] + sf]

tf] 8Þg] ;] / f: tf] s] lsgf/ ] d] + nufP uP k] 8Þ kf} wf] sf] ufo, ;fF9 s] vf hfg] ;] s[lqd ;f} Gbo{ k|fs[lts ;f} Gbo{ s] ¿k d] + : yflkt gxL+ xf] ;sf . O;sf] arfg] sL lhDd] bf/ L k|foM x/ gful/ s sL x} . ctM : yflkt s[lqd tyf k|fs[lts ;f} Gbo{ sf] jfg/ L : jefj ;] czf] egLo lqmofsnfk ;] gfz s/ gf xdf/ L bl/ b| dfgl;stf x} . ljj] s cyjf ;Dj] bgf sf n] z dfq g xf] g] ;] xd k'g / fhwfgL sf] …k'gd'{l;sf] ejÚ h} ;L sxfjt sf] rl/ tfy{ s/ t] x'P k'/ fgL lgolt sL cf] / xL nf} 6gf ax't b'Mv sL aft x} .

s/ f] 8Þf] +– s/ f] 8Þ nufgL s] dfWod ;] ;';lHht sflGtk'/ L gu/ L k|frLg sfn ;] xL P] ltxfl;s, ;f+: s[lts, wfld{s, Jofkfl/ s tyf ko{6sLo : yn s] ¿k d] + ljZjk|l;4 x} + . O;L cfwf/ k/ ljZj e/ ;] ko{6s nf] u cft] x} + . k/ O; gu/ L sL c;'ljwf, cJoj: yf tyf czQm jftfj/ 0fhGo

gsf/ fTds cg'e"ltofF dg d] + ;+hf] s/ n] hfg] ;] xdf/ ] ko{6g Joj;fo k/ lstgf b'ik|efj k8Þtf cf / xf x} , jx hu hflx/ x} . ctM ko{6sLo b[li6sf] cfTd;ft\ s/ t] x'P jt{dfg ;Gbe{ d] + ;'Gb/ / fhwfgL gu/ L sL ;'Gb/ tf O;sL xl/ ofnL, oxfF sL oftfofthGo ;'ljwf ;DkGgtf s] k|lt dxfgu/ kflnsf, g] kfn ;/ sf/ tyf x/ ] s g] kfnLhgtf sf] ;+o'Qm lhDd] jf/ L af] w xf] gf h¿/ L x} . sf7df+8" pkTosf d] + g} ;lu{s ;f} Gbo{ ;/ sf/ åf/ f lgld{t zx/ L ;f} Gbo{ sf] agfP / vgf tyf g] kfn ;/ sf/ ;] ;DalGwt ;eL ljefuf] + s] ;fy s] hgkIfLo : yfgLo ;lqmotf ptgL xL ck] lIft x} . olb sf] O{ c1fgL JolQm ;fj{hlgs ;DklQof] + Pj+ : ynf] + sf] xflg kx'Frft] lj¿k agft] lb vtf x} tf] p;] p;L ;do ;Demfg] a'emfg] sf sfd s/ gf x/ ] s gful/ s sf k|yd st{Jo agtf x} . ctM !*j] + ;fs{ ;Dd] ng sf] nIo s/ s]

sf7df+8" zx/ sf] ljljw ¿k d] + o'4: t/ Lo t/ Ls] ;] ;hfg] sf sfd lsof uof x} . O;] sfod / vg] ;] ko{6g Joj;fo d] + j[l4 cf ;stL x} . k/ xdf/ L ;+s'lrt dfgl;stf sf] b] vt] x'P sxf hf ;stf x} ls / fhwfgL d] + lsof uof ljsf;, ;8Þsj[l4, lahnL, / +u/ f] ug lstg] lbg oyfjt / x] +u] < Sof O; k|sf/ xdf/ ] b] z d] + bL3{sfnLg ljsf; xf] ;stf x} < Sof g] kfn b";/ ] sf] lbvfg] s] lnP ljsf; s/ tf x} < k|Zg p7gf : jefljs x} . zx/ sf] : jR5, ;'Gb/ agfgf ckg] cfk d] + cR5L aft x} . O;;] cR5L Pj+ a8ÞL aft ;[lht j: t'cf] + sf] k|efjsf/ L t/ Ls] ;] ;+efngf x} . t;y{ ;fj{hlgs ;DklQ ;+/ If0f, km'6kfy j[If ;+/ If0f sf s8ÞfO{ s] ;fy s/ gf ckl/ xfo{ x} . O; ckl/ xfo{tf sf] : jLsf/ s/ t] x'P Jojl: yt ;'/ Iff ;/ sf/ k|bfg s/ t] x'P sf7df+8" sL ;'Gb/ tf sf] lgoldttf agfP / v] + . lll

xdf/ L ;+s'lrt dfgl;stf sf] b] vt] x'P sxf hf ;stf x} ls / fhwfgL d] + lsof uof ljsf;, ;8 Þsj[l4, lahnL, / +u/ f] ug lstg] lbg oyfjt / x] +u] < Sof O; k|sf/ xdf/ ] b] z d] + bL3{sfnLg ljsf; xf] ;stf x} < Sof g] kfn b";/ ]

sf] lbvfg] s] lnP ljsf; s/ tf x} <


cfj/0f

s'df/ ;lRrbfgGb

df] bLMdt hfgf dw] z

k/ ljbsg] jfn] / fhg] tfcf] + s] lbnf] + k/ eL ckg] k|efj sf em+8f kmx/ fof . n] lsg efj'stf cf} / ldqtf sf ox tfgf–afgf Otgf ux/ f gxL+ yf hf] ljZjf; sL rfb/ ag ;s] . O;lnP ;Qfwf/ L bnf] + cf} / pgs] g] tfcf] + sf] Otgf e/ f] ;f gxL+ yf ls df] bL dw] z sL ;+efljt / fhwfgL d] + P] ;f s'5 gxL+ sx] +u] ls dw] z sL cju'+l7t lr+uf/ L ;] / fv p8ÞÞ] uL . O;lnP ;/ sf/ L kIf pGx] + hfgsL d+lb/ s] kl/ ;/ d] + dxh s'5 ;/ sf/ L g'dfOGbf] + s] aLr ;Lldt s/ gf rfxtf yf hals cfd hgtf af/ xaL3f s] v'n] d} bfg d] + pgsf cleg+bg s/ gf rfxtL yL . 6s/ fj sL oxL hdLg pgsf hgsk'/ –e|d0f : yug sf sf/ 0f agf .

df] bL s] O; ofqf–: yug ;] ;/ sf/ v'z—ox ;f] rs/ ls df] bL ;] dw] z sf ;+jfb gxL+ xf] g] lbof, u[x d+qfno k|;Gg ox ;f] rs/ ls df] bL hf] sn ef/ tLo u0ft+q s] k|wfgd+qL ag] , p;s] j} lZjs : t/ k/ rn / x] jStJof] + s] cZjd] w s] 3f] 8] Þ sL nufd yfdg] sf ;fx; cf} / sf] O{ gxL+ tf] p;sf lgs6td k8Þf] ;L g] kfn tf] s/ xL ;stf x} cf} / dftf hfgsL sL w/ tL k/ pgs] : jfut sL lhDd] jf/ L lnP d+qL eL v'z ls ckg] ljj] sz"Go : jfut ultljlwof] + s] åf/ f cfufdL ;/ sf/ d] + Ps cbgf d+qfno sL Uof/ ] 06L tf] pGxf] +g] s/ f xL nL x} ;fy xL ox eL ;+s] t lbof x} ls ckg] dw] z lj/ f] wL 5lj s] sf/ 0f eljio d] + j] / fhgLlt s] zLif{ k/ kx'Fr ;st] x} + . n] lsg Og ;as] aLr s;s / xL tf] pg nfvf] + ;Ldf+rn sL hgtf s] x[bo d] + hf] g s] jn df] bL s] sl/ ZdfO{ JolStTj ;] k|ToIf xf] gf rfxt] y] alNs ef} lts k"jf{wf/ s] cfwf/ k/ lgxfot lk58Þ] O; If] q s] ljsf; s] k|v/ nf} sf eL ;kgf b] v / x] y] . n] lsg xfnft tf] ox yL …xd tf] 8"a] xL ;gd, t'dsf] eL n] 8"a] u] .Ú kl/ 0ffd hf] x'cf jx hu hflx/ x} . g tf] ef/ tLo k|wfgd+qL >L g/ ] Gb| df] bL sL ofqf x'O{ cf} / g xL ljsf; sL ls/ 0f] + km"6L+ . n] lsg lh; 8/ ;] df] bL sL k|: tfljt ofqf sf] ljjfbf: kb agfof uof jx cGttM sf7df08" s] 6«df ;] 06/ d] + km"6 k8Þf lh;d] + pGxf] +g] Og If] qf] + s] e|d0f sf lglxtfy{ eL k|s6 lsof cf} / ljsf; sf Ps cj;/ Og If] qf] + s] xfy ;] u'dg] sf eL ;+s] t lbof .

Ps aft tf] ;fkm x} ls df] bL cu/ Og If] qf] + sf e|d0f s/ t] tf] pgsL s'5 of] hgfPF k|ToIf xf] tL cf} / O;sf nfe Og If] qf] + s] ;fy–;fy ls;L g ls;L ¿k d] + g] kfn sf] eL xf] tf . n] lsg g] kfn sL

;/ sf/ L kIf pGx] +

hfgsL d+lb/ s]

kl/ ;/ d] + dxh s'5

;/ sf/ L g'dfOGbf] + s]

aLr ;Lldt s/ gf

rfxtf yf hals

cfd hgtf af/ xaL3f

s] v'n] d} bfg d] +

pgsf cleg+bg s/ gf

rfxtL yL . 6s/ fj

sL oxL hdLg pgsf

hgsk'/ –e|d0f : yug

sf sf/ 0f agf .

ef/ t s] k|wfgd+qL g/ ] Gb| df] bL g] c7\7f/ xj] + ;fs{–;Dd] ng d] +

;xeflutf s] pB] Zo ;] g] kfn sL b";/ L ofqf sL . ;fs{ ;Dd] ng eL ;kmn / xf cf} / ox ofqf eL ;kmn / xL . xfy ldn] , lbn eL ldn] n] lsg lbn d] + s'5 6L; eL b] s/ j] uP . Ps aft tf] lglZrt x} ls g/ ] Gb| df] bL sf / fhg} lts cf} / / fhglos kIf lhtgf ;zSt x} , pgsf wfld{s kIf eL ptgf xL ;an x} . ox pgs] wd{efj: gft dg sL xL k'sf/ yL ls ckgL kxnL ofqf d] + pGxf] +g] kz'klt bz{g lsof cf} / b";/ L ofqf d] + dfF hfgsL cf} / dxfTdf a'4 sL hGd: ynL sL ofqf s/ g] sL OR5f htnfoL . ;fy xL pgsL wfld{s cf} / ;f+: s[lts ofqf sL km] xl/ : t d] + d'lStgfy sf eL gfd yf . tLgf] + xL : yfgf] + k/ pgsL O; ofqf sf] n] s/ ckf/ hg–pT;fx yf . ckgL kxnL ofqf d] + df] bL g] kl/ kSj / fhgo sf kl/ ro b] t] x'P g s] jn g] kfn sL hgtf sf dg hLtf j/ g ef/ t s] gfd


cfj/0f

cfGtl/ s / fhg} lts ultljlwofF O; 9+u ;] ljsl;t x'O{ ls ls pGx] + ckgL O; wd{ofqf sf] tTsfn : ylut s/ gf k8Þf . oBlk pGxf] +g] Og If] qf] + sL hgtf ;] O; cj;/ s] vf] g] s] lnP Ifdf dfFuL, lgs6 eljio d] + O; ofqf sf] c+hfd b] g] sf jfbf eL lsof n] lsg sa O;sf ;+s] t g tf]

pGxf] +g] lbof cf} / g xL O; d'2] k/ ;/ sf/ sL cf] / ;] xL sf] O{ aofg cfof . Og ;d: t 36gfqmdf]+ ;] Ps aft tf] ;fkm xf] uoL ls df] bL s] xfy g] kfn sL cf] / ;bfzotf ;] a9Þ] x} + lh;sf k|df0f dxh s'5 dxLgf] + d] + x'P bh{gf] + ;demf} t] x} + . du/ xdf/ L cfGtl/ s / fhgLlt cfz+sfcf] + s] ds8Þhfn d] + Otgf pnemL x} ls jx cj;/ cf} / df} s] sf] ;dem gxL+ kftL .

ef/ tLo k|wfgd+qL sL k|: tfljt ofqf sf] ljjfbf: kb agfg] d] + rfx] g] kfn ;/ sf/ sf hf] b[li6sf] 0f / xf xf] n] lsg t/ fO{ d] + O;sL sfkmL gsf/ fTds k|ltls|of x'O{ . ckgL xL ;/ sf/ s] k|lt jL/ u+h ;] n] s/ hgsk'/ ts k|bz{g x'P, em8Þk] + x'O{ cf} / s'5 d+lqof] + s] k'tn] eL k"mFs] uP . hf]

bLjfguL nf] uf] + d] + df] bL sf] n] s/ b] vL uO{ jx b] z s] g] tfcf] + s] k|lt eL …ge"tf] geljioltÚ sL cj: yf hflx/ s/ / xL yL . sf/ 0f : ki6 yf ls tLj| ljsf; sL / f] zgL ;] sf] ;f] + b"/ g] kfn cf} / p;d] + eL dw] z sL w/ tL g s] jn pGx] + ljsf;k'?if s] ¿k d] + b] v / xL yL alNs pgs] JolStTj

sL pbfQtf cf} / jf0fL sf cf] h eL pGx] + k|efljt s/ / xf yf . O;lnP cfdnf] u g s] jn ljsf; sL b[li6 ;] pgs] : jfut s] lnP t} of/ y] alNs / fhg] tf s] ¿k d] + nf] slk|otf s] j} lZjs dfgb08 sf] 5" / x] >L df] bL sf] ckgL cfFvf] + s] ;dIf b] vgf cf} / ;'ggf rfx / x] y] . O;d] + g s] jn g] kfn j/ g ef/ t s] ;Ldf+rn sL hgtf eL yL . n] lsg g] kfn ;/ sf/ s] cb"/ bzL{ sbdf] + s] sf/ 0f efjgf cf} / ljsf; sf ox cj;/ xfy ;] uof . h} ;f ls 6«df ;] 06/ s] pb\3f6g s] s|d d] + pGxf] +g] sxf eL ls j] ;8Þs dfu{ ;] ofqf O;lnP s/ gf rfxt] y] j] : jo+ cg'ej s/ gf rfxt] y] ls g] kfn cf} / ef/ t ;] oxfF cfg] jfn] gful/ sf] + sf] Sof ;d: of xf] tL x} cf} / O;sf ;dfwfg Sof xf] ;stf x} .

df] bL sL O; ofqf sf] ljjfbf: kb agfg] s] kL5] rfx] ;/ sf/ sf hf] eL b[li6sf] 0f / xf xf] du/ cfdnf] uf] + sL wf/ 0ff ;fkm x} ls g] kfn s] ;/ sf/ L t+q d] + dw] z s] k|lt hf] cfGtl/ s cf} klgj] lzs efjgf e/ L x'O{ x} , lh;sL rrf{ ts ljut bf} / ] d] + ef/ tLo k|wfgd+qL g] gxL+ sL yL, jx g sxL+ df] bL s] d'Fx ;] km"6 g k8Þ] . dw] z d] + cfGtl/ s : t/ k/ ckgL / fhg} lts–;f+: s[lts kxrfg sL : yfkgf sL hf] efjgf ;'nu / xL x} , e"n] ;] p;sf lhs| g df] bL s] d'Fx ;] xf] hfP . ;xL dfog] d] + xdf/ ] / fhg] tf O; aft sf] e"n uP y] ls ef/ t s] ;+;bLo cfdr'gfjf] + d] + k|rf/ cleofg sf g] t[Tj s/ t] x'P >L df] bL g] l/ sf8{ / } lnof] + cf} / cfd;efcf] + sf] ;+af] lwt lsof, ;kg] eL afF6] cf} / ljklIfof] + k/ k|xf/ eL lsof n] lsg sxL+ eL ckg] jStJof] + s]

df]bL sL n'lDagL cf}/ d'lStgfy sf] n]s/ g]kfn

sL ;/sf/ rLg s] s"6g}lts bafa d]+ yL cf}/

hgsk'/ ofqf s] ;+be{ d]+ jx dw]z s] d'2] sf] n]

s/ bafa d]+ yL . ofqf :ylut s/fgf pgsf pB]

Zo yf, axfgf agf hgsk'/ d]+ pgsf gful/s

cleg+bg cf}/ ;fj{hlgs ;+af]wg .


cfj/0f

;/ sf/ ;+ljwfg–lgdf{0f s] k|lt u+eL/ gxL+ x} , O;lnP ;d: ofcf] + sf] ;'nemfg] sL ahfo pnemfg] sL lbzf d] + cu|;/ x} . ;+3Lotf, zf;sLo : j¿k cf} / cGttM df] bL sL tLgf]

wd{ofqfcf] + sf] lh; t/ x ljjfbf: kb agfof uof jx O;L ljrf/ wf/ f sL

k'li6 s/ t] x} + .

sf/ 0f ljjfbf] + s] 3] / ] d] + gxL+ cfP . cfh ljZj s] ;jf{lws nf] slk|o g] tf s] ¿k d] + pgsL 5lj ljsl;t x'O{ x} tf] p;d] + pgs] ;+t'lnt jStJo, zL3| lg0f{o cf} / O{dfbf/ k|of; sf of] ubfg x} . zfob xdf/ f zf;g t+q O; aft sf] gxL+ ;dem kfof ls df] bL Ps ;fjwfg jStf x} + cf} / pGxf] +g] cu/ af] ng] sL ;f] r nL x} tf] af] n] +u] xL, w/ tL rfx] hgsk'/ sL xf] of sf7df08" sL, lbNnL tf] pgsL ckgL w/ tL x} xL . ox aft tf] hflx/ x} ls lh; eo ;] ;/ sf/ efu / xL yL jx cGttM 6«df ;] 06/ d] + km"6 xL k8Þf hxfF dw] z sL eL aft x'O{ cf} / dfcf] jflbof] + sL eL .

ckgL lk5nL ofqf d] + df] bL g] g tf] dw] z sL rrf{ sL yL cf} / g xL dw] zL bnf] + s] g] tfcf] + ;] PsfsL aftrLt xL sL yL lh;s] sf/ 0f Ps lg/ fzf sL l: ylt dw] z d] + eL JofKt x'O{ yL . ox g] kfn sL kf/ Dkl/ s / fhgLlt cf} / ;/ sf/ s] lnP ;sf/ fTds O;lnP yf Sof] +ls dw] z s] k|lt Ogs] b[li6sf] 0f d] + Psflws cfGbf] ng cf} / bh{gf] + zxfbt s] afb eL sf] O{ kl/ jQ{g gxL+ cfof . lk5nL ;+ljwfg;ef d] + dw] zL bnf] + sL 3f] / k/ fho ;] df} h"bf ;/ sf/ cf} / p;d] + ;xefuL bn Ps t/ x ;] ox dfg a} 7] x} + ls dw] z s] d'2] nueu ;dfKt xf] r's] x} + . ;3Lotf ;DaGwL pgs] ;+o'St k|: tfj sf hf] vfsf ;fdg] cfof x} p;sf lglxtfy{ eL oxL x} . Og bnf] + sf] cfz+sf yL ls ;8Þsdfu{ ;] dw] z sL ofqf s] afb dw] z sf ;r phfu/ xf] ;stf x} cf} / >L df] bL sL hf] ;f] r dw] z lg/ k] If g] kfn sf cfof x} , jx kl/ jlt{t g xf] hfP tyf …dw] z cf} / dw] zL zAbÚ pRrl/ t s/ j] oxfF sf ;f/ f v] n g lauf8Þ b] + . n] lsg 6«df ;] 06/ s] pb\3f6g s] s|d d] + >L df] bL g] : ki6 sxf ls P] ;f ;+ljwfg ag]

lh;d] + g] kfn s] x/ sf] g] d] + / x / x] nf] uf] + sf] nu] ls p;s] eL km"n sL v'za" O; ;+ljwfg ¿kL u'nb: t] d] + x} . seL dw] lzof] + sf] g nu] ls p;] k"5g] jfnf sf] O{ gxL cf} / seL kxfl8Þof] + cf} / dfcf] jflbof] + sf] eL g nu] ls p;] eL k"5g] jfnf sf] O{ gxL+ . ;+lawfg O; t/ x sf ag] lh;d] + x/ cfbdL sL cfjfh, cfsf+Iff cf} / ;kgf xf] . O;s] lnP pGxf] +g] ;xdlt s] åf/ f ;+ljwfg agfg] sL aft sxL cf} / ox g;Lxt eL bL ls cu/ ax'dt s] åf/ f ;+ljwfg agtf x} cf} / kxn] k|f¿k d] + ;asf] ckgTj sf Px;f; gxL+ xf] tf tf] a8ÞL sl7gfO{ ;fdg] cf ;stL x} . O; sl7gfO{ sf] ;/ sf/ cf} / ;+Vof s] b+e k/ / fhgLlt s/ g] jfn] ls; ¿k d] + n] t] x} +, sxf gxL+ hf ;stf n] lsg hdLgL xsLst oxL x} cf} / O;sf 1fg Ps ldq / fi6« sf k|ltlglw xf] g] s] gft] pGxf] +g] s/ f xL lbof x} . ca ox xd k/ lge{/ s/ tf x} ls O;] xd s"6g} lts dof{bf sf pNn+3g dfg] of zfnLg ;nfx .

b";/ L cf] / n'lDagL sf e|d0f : ylut xf] g] s] kL5] Og sf/ 0ff] + s] cltl/ St ljb] zL k|efj sL rrf{ eL ;+rf/ t+q cf} / ;fdflhs ;+hfn d] + x} . sxf uof x} ls ef/ t s] ;'/ Iff ;nfxsf/ af] 8{ s] ;b: o hob] j / f0ff8] rLg s] a9Þt] k|efj s] sf/ 0f ef/ tLo k|wfgd+qL sf n'lDagL e|d0f : ylut xf] gf dfgt] x} + . pgsf dfggf x} ls rLg sf ox b[li6sf] 0f / xf x} ls cu/ ef/ tLo k|wfgd+qL sf n'lDagL e|d0f xf] tf x} tf] jxfF ef/ t sf k|efj a9Þ] uf, rLg sL of] hgfPF sdhf] / xf] +uL hf] p;] uFjf/ f gxL+ . ef/ tLo d+qLd+8n s] k"j{ ;x;lrj cf} / gO{ lbNnL l: yt rfOgf PgnfOl;; ;] 06/ s] cWoIf / x r's] >L / 0ff8] sf ox eL dfggf x} ls g] kfn d] + rLg sf k|efj ;Ldfcf] + sf clts|d0f s/ / xf x} . O;lnP g] kfn sf] bL hfg] jfnL ;'ljwfcf] + sL


cfj/0f

s6f} tL s] ;fy–;fy sf7df08" sf] ;fjwfg s/ g] sL cg'z+;f eL pGxf] +g] ;/ sf/ ;] sL x} . j] jQ{dfg ;/ sf/ s] cy{, ;+rf/ cf} / k/ / fi6« d+lqof] + sf] df] bL sL ofqf : yug sf lhDd] jf/ dfgt] x} + . df] bL s] L d'lStgfy sL ofqf s] ;DaGw d] + tf] kxn] xL ox ;dfrf/ k|sfz d] + cfof yf ls rLg s] s"6g} lts lgof] u g] cgf} krfl/ s ¿k ;] O; ofqf s] k|lt ckgL c;xdlt htnfoL yL .

Og ;f/ ] kl/ b[Zof] + sf] b] vt] x'P ox tf] dfgf hf ;stf x} ls >L df] bL sL n'lDagL cf} / d'lStgfy sf] n] s/ g] kfn sL ;/ sf/ rLg s] s"6g} lts bafa d] + yL cf} / hgsk'/ ofqf s] ;+be{ d] + jx dw] z s] d'2] sf] n] s/ bafa d] + yL . ofqf : ylut s/ fgf pgsf pB] Zo yf, axfgf agf hgsk'/ d] + pgsf gful/ s cleg+bg cf} / ;fj{hlgs ;+af] wg . O;lnP sxf hf ;stf x} ls of] lht ¿k d] + O;] ljjfbf: kb agfof uof . O;;] ;/ sf/ sf] nfe Sof x'cf ox cnu ;dLIff sf ljifo x} du/ 6«df ;] 06/ d] lbP uP df] bL s] jStJof] + sf / +u g] kfn sL / fhgLlt d] + b] vf hfg] nuf x} . ;fs{ ;Dd] ng s] lnP df] bL s] g] kfn cfudg sL k"j{ ;+Wof d] + k'ghL{ljt / fi6«Lo dw] zL df] rf{ Ps 5t/ L s] gLr] ;] ckgL cfjfh a'n+b s/ g] nu] x} + . g] skf dfcf] jfbL g] tf df] bL sL ;nfx ;demg] sL g;Lxt ;/ sf/ sf] b] g] nu] x} + . hf] ;/ sf/ ca ts ;xdlt ;kmn g xf] g] k/ ax'dtLo k|ls|of åf/ f ;+ljwfg lgdf{0f s] lnP ;+sNka4

lbvnfO{ b] / xL yL, cfh / fi6«Lo ;/ sf/ sf nf‘nLkf‘k afO{; bnLo df] rf{ sf] lbvnf / xL x} . ;/ sf/ d] + ;xeflutf of jh{gf sf d'2f tf] cnu x} du/ sjfob z'¿ x} .

g] kfn sf hf] df} h"bf / fhg} lts kl/ b[Zo x} p;;] ;fkm x} ls cfufdL * ut] , df3 ts ;+ljwfg sf cfgf clglZrt x} Sof] +ls O; nIo sf] k|fKt s/ g] s] lnP ca ts ;+ljwfg sf d;f} bf ;fj{hlgs xf] hfgf rflxP yf du/ ;xdlt xf] gxL+ kf / xL cf} / ax'dtLo k|lqmof d] + hfg] k/ cnu t/ x sL r'gf} ltofF x} lh;] em] ng] s] lnP ;/ sf/ dfgl;s ¿k d] + t} of/ gxL+ . b";/ L cf] / hf] zlStofF ca ts xflzo] k/ yL p;d] gO{ pmhf{ b] vg] s] ldn / xL x} . Ps aft tf] to x} df} h"bf ;/ sf/ s] ca ts hf] sbd / x]

x} + p;;] : ki6 xf] tf x} ls pgs] Psf+uLs lg0f{of] + ;] pTkGg xf] g] jfnL kl/ l: yltof] + s] k|lt j] eL ;+j] bgzLn gxL+ x} + . Ps cf] / / fHof] + s] ljefhg ;aGwL hf] vfsf pgs] åf/ f ;fdg] cfof jx tf] ljjfbf: kb agf xL b";/ L cf] / ;/ sf/ g] ^! gu/ kflnsfPF ;[lht s/ g] sf lg0f{o n] s/ Ps t/ x ;] : yfgLo lgsfof] + s] r'gfj sL cf] / sbd a9Þf lbP x} + cf} / / fi6«Lo ;xdlt sL ;/ sf/ sL aft eL OGxL+ r'gfjf] + s] d2] gh/ ;fdg] cfoL x} . ;jfn ox x} ls cu/ ;as'5 xd cGtl/ d ;+ljwfg s] åf/ f xL s/ n] t] x} + tf] ;+ljwfg sL h¿/ t Sof x} cf} / lkm/ ;xdlt of ax'dt sf c/ 0o / f] bg Sof] + x} <

aft ;fkm x} ls ;/ sf/ ;+ljwfg–lgdf{0f s] k|lt u+eL/ gxL+ x} , O;lnP ;d: ofcf] + sf] ;'nemfg] sL ahfo pnemfg] sL lbzf d] + cu|;/ x} . ;+3Lotf, zf;sLo : j¿k cf} / cGttM df] bL sL tLgf] wd{ofqfcf] + sf] lh; t/ x ljjfbf: kb agfof uof jx O;L ljrf/ wf/ f sL k'li6 s/ t] x} + . ca bf] gf] + kIff] + d] + hf] vL+rftfgL sL cj: yf x} p;s] cfwf/ k/ dfgf hfP ls Sof Ogs] aLr ;demf} t] n] gr} / of lbNnL d] + xf] +u] . cfh g] kfnL / fhgLlt s] hf] kIf ox sxt] x} + ls xd pQ/ –blIf0f s] l;jf / fHof] + sf ljsNk gxL+ b] ;st] pGx] + ;demgf rlxP ls nf] st+q ;dli6 d] + ljZjf; s/ tf x} cf} / oxfF hgfsfFIff dxTjk"0f{ xf] tL x} . O;sf ;Ddfg xf] gf rflxP . ;+ljwfg lgdf{0f s] lnP df] bL s] cg';f/ Clifdg sL cfjZostf x} . O;s] cefj d] + agfof uof ;+ljwfg ;j{dfGo gxL+ xf] ;stf . ca tf] df] bL km} S6/ g] eL sfd s/ gf z'¿ s/ lbof x} , axfgf agf hfgsL sL hGde"ld hgsk'/ . ca b] vgf x} ls xf] tf x} Sof < lll


cfj/0f

sfFu|] ;–Pdfn] sL ;+o'Qm ;/ sf/ hf] rfxtL yL jxL x'cf . ef/ tLo

k|wfgdGqL g/ ] Gb| df] bL sf …hgsk'/ e|d0fÚ xf] ox ;/ sf/ eL gxL+ rfxtL yL . O;sf ;+s] t tf] kxn] xL ldn r'sf yf . lkm/ eL Pdfcf] jfbL ;lxt @@ bnLo dw] zL df] rf{ g] ckgL zlQm sL cfhdfOz sL . aGb, x8Þtfn, cgzg ts lsof . gf/ f h'n"; Pj+ 1fkg kq tf] cfd ;L aft yL . cf/ f] k–k|Tof/ f] k xL gxL+ jL/ u~h l: yt ef/ tLo jfl0fHo b"tfjf; sf] eL u'xf/ f, n] lsg ;a c;kmn / xf . ox tf] xf] gf xL yf, Sof] ls g] kfn d] + hf] eL zf;g cfof, jr{:j v; zf;sf] sf xL / xf . v'nL cfFvf] ;] b] v] hfg] jfn] ;kg] sf] k"/ f s/ g] s] lnP zlQm sL cfjZostf xf] tL x} , cf} / jx zlQm ceL eL pGxL+ s] kf; x} . lkm/ ;kgf tf] ;kgf xL xf] tf x} .

blIf0f Plzof sf zlQmzfnL / fi6« ef/ t s] k|wfgdGqL g/ ] Gb| df] bL hgsk'/ e|d0f d]+ cfg] jfn] x} +, O; va/ g] hgsk'/ jfl;of] + sf] sO{ ;kg] lbvfP . pGx] + nuf ls ca hgsk'/ ljZjdfglrq k/ ckgL hux agf n] uf cf} /

ax't hNb hgsk'/ ljZj ;Dkbf ;"rL d] + ;"rLs[t xf] uf . P] ltxfl;s Pj+ wfld{s gu/ L hgsk'/ hf] jiff] {+ ;] / fHo åf/ f xL pk] lIft x} , p;s] ljsf; s] b/ afh] v'n] +u] . oxfF s]

d7–dlGb/ cf} / ;f+: s[lts w/ f] x/ ljZj s] dfglrq d] + bh{ xf] hfP+u] . b] z–ljb] z s] nf] u oxfF cfPFu] . oxfF ljZj e/ s] lxGb" en] xL g cfP xf] +, n] lsg ;~rf/ dWod d] + tf] hgsk'/ rlr{t xf] xL hfPuf . lsGt' ox ;f] r, ;f] r xL / x uO{ .

g] kfn d] + dw] z cf} / v; zf;s -kxf8ÞL ;d'bfo_ aLr sf åGb xd] zf rntf cf / xf x} . oxfF ts ls j] b";/ ] sf ljsf; eL gxL+ b] vgf rfxt] . ef/ tLo k|wfgdGqL g/ ] Gb| df] bL sf] ls;L g] hgsk'/ e|d0f s] lnP cfu|x gxL+ lsof yf . pGxf] g] : jo+ ;fjg !* ut] g] kfn s] ;+ljwfg;ef sf] ;Daf] wg s/ t] x'P sxf yf– cunL af/ ha g] kfn cfpmFuf tf] hgs cf} / ;Ltf dftf s] bz{g s?Fuf . p;L ;do ;] v; zf;s g] zfob dg agf lbof yf ls ox gxL+ xf] g] b] gf x} . cu/ k|wfgdGqL g/ ] Gb| df] bL hgsk'/ hfPFu] tf] lglZrt x} , jxfF ljsf; sL aft

s}nfz bf;

dw]z lj?4 sf if8\oGqdf] bL e|d0f /2M

ef/ tLo k|wfgdGqL g/ ] Gb| df] bL sf] ls;L g] hgsk'/ e|d0f s]

lnP cfu|x gxL+ lsof yf . pGxf] g] : jo+ ;fjg !* ut] g] kfn s]

;+ljwfg;ef sf] ;Daf] wg s/ t] x'P sxf yf– cunL af/ ha g] kfn

cfpFuf tf] hgs cf} / ;Ltf dftf s] bz{g s?Fuf . p;L ;do ;]

v; zf;s g] zfob dg agf lbof yf ls ox gxL+ xf] g] b] gf x} .

: ylut e|d0f ;] sxfF 3f6f sxfF kmfobfef/ tLo k|wfgdGqL g/ ] Gb| df] bL sf hgsk'/ e|d0f : ylut xf] g] ;] hgsk'/ sL

hgtf : tAw x} . lhtgL v'zL df] bL hL s] e|d0f d+] cfg] ;] kxn] yL pgsf e|d0f / 2 xf] g] k/ lrlGtt Pj+ pbf;Lg xf] gf : jefljs x} . pgs] hgsk'/ e|d0f ;] s] jn hgsk'/ jf;L xL gxL ;LdfjtL{ If] q sL hgtf eL ax't xL pT;flxt yL . dw] z cf} / zf;s s] aLr cfGtl/ s åGb s] sf/ 0f : ylut e|d0f sf] n] s/ hgsk'/ sf] ;a;] Hofbf 3f6f tf] x'cf x} , n] lsg eljio d] + dw] z sf] kmfobf xL kmfobf x} .

sfFu|] ;—Pdfn] df] bL hL s] hgsk'/ e|d0f ;] eoeLt xf] uo] ls cu/ ef/ tLo k|wfgdGqL g/ ] Gb| df] bL hgsk'/ hfPFu] tf] ljZj sL gh/ hgsk'/ k/ xf] uL cf} / lkm/ xd zf;s sxL kL5] g k8Þ hfPF . n] lsg ox ;f] r eL pg ;eL k/ pN6f k8Þ uof . df] bL hL sf hgsk'/ e|d0f : yug g] ljZj sL lh1f;f sf] a9Þf lbof . hgsk'/ df] bL hL Sof] + hfgf rfxt] y] < Sof x} hgsk'/ < sxfF x} hgsk'/ < df] bL hL s] hgsk'/ e|d0f : ylut xf] g] k/ Sof] + jxfF sL hgtf cfGbf] lnt x'O{ < ;/ sf/ ;r d] + jxfF sL hgtf ;] lje] b s/ / xL x} . lhtgL pgs] e|d0f d] + ljZj sf] lh1f;f gxL+ yL p;;] Hofbf e|d0f : ylut xf] g] k/ a9Þ uoL x} . O;d] + eL tf] dw] zL s] lnP kmfobf xL x} .


cfj/0f

s/ ] +u] . hf] ah6 ;/ sf/ åf/ f cfgf rflxP, jf] gxL+ xf] kfPuf cf} / jxfF sf ljsf; jxL+ s] ls;L ;+: yf åf/ f s/ jfof hfPuf . ha dw] z ;DkGg xf] uf, dw] zL d] + hgr] tgf cfPuL lkm/ xdf/ L ;Qf d'lZsn d] + k8Þ ;stL x} . ;Qf sAhf eL tf] dw] zL hgtf s] an k/ xL s/ t] x} + . O;lnP df] bL sf hgsk'/ e|d0f / f] sgf lgtfGt cfjZos ;demf uof . df] bL hL sf hgsk'/ e|d0f nfesf/ L xf] uf, ;/ sf/ O;;] cgle1 gxL+ yL . hgsk'/ ljsf; s] lnP ef/ t ;/ sf/ åf/ f kfFr ca{ ;xof] u / flz sL aft cf r'sL yL . g] kfn–ef/ t aLr ;8Þs, / ] n dfu{ tyf cGo ;demf} tf sfof{Gjog xf] g] sL ;Defjgf eL lbvtL yL . ef/ t cf} / dw] z sL ;F: s[lt pmFrfO{ 5"g] jfnL yL . sxL+ gf sxL+ pGx] + 8/ yf ls df] bL e|d0f ;] dw] z sf] hf] kmfobf xf] uf, p;;] pgs] dg d] + ef/ t s] k|lt hf] s8Þjfx6 x} jx sd xf] hfPuL cf} / ox ;Qf s] kIf d] + gxL+ xf] uf cf} / x'cf eL jxL . df] bL s] e|d0f / b\ xf] g] sL va/ g] Psaf/ lkm/ dw] z s] dg d] + O; efjgf sf] an b] lbof ls ef/ t l;km{ ckg] kmfob] s] lnP kxf8Þ sf] ;xfotf s/ ;stf x} t/ fO{ sf gxL+ . lsGt' O;s] kL5] sL efjgfcf] + sf] eL k/ vg] sL cfjZostf dw] z sf] x} . ;Qf kIf ckgL ;flhz d] + ;kmn x'cf .

ef/ tLo k|wfgdGqL g/ ] Gb| df] bL sf hgsk'/ e|d0f / 2 xf] g] s] kL5] , sf/ 0f hf] eL atfof uof xf] + k/ klAns ckgf sof; tf] nuftL xL x} . ;r ;as] ;fdg] x} . xfF yf] 8ÞL b] / s] lnP dg ljrlnt cjZo x'cf, k/ ;RrfO{ ;] d'Fx gxL+ df] 8Þf hf ;stf .

cu/ pGx] hgsk'/ e|d0f / 2 s/ gf xf] tf tf] hgsk'/ jf;L sf] c;d+h; sL l: ylt d] + Sof] / vf hftf < ef} lts k"jf{wf/ tyf oftfoft dGqL ljdn] Gb| lglw g] ha k|] ; lj1lKt åf/ f ldl8of sf] hfgsf/ L bL ls df] bL hL sf hgsk'/ sf wfld{s e|d0f / 2 xf] r'sf x} . p; k/ sf7df+8" l: yt ef/ tLo / fhb"t / +lht / fo k|] ; sfGk|m] G; s/ Ps lbg kxn] Sof] e|d0f ;DaGw d] + cgle1tf JoQm s/ t] <

Ps ;xL / fhgLlt s] txt ;do k/ ef/ t sL cf] / ;] km} ;nf lnof uof . df] bL e|d0f Otgf ljjflbt xf] r'sf yf ls p;] / b\ s/ gf xL ;xL yf . g] kfn d+] !*jf + ;fs{ ;Dd] ng xf] gf yf . ;/ sf/ ls;L gf ls;L

axfg] O; e|d0f sf] / f] sgf rfx / xL yL . dw] zL hgtf ef/ tLo k|wfgdGqL g/ ] Gb| df] bL sf] hgsk'/ e|d0f dfFu sf] n] s/ ;8Þs k/ pt/ r'sL yL . gf/ f h'n"; xL gxL+ cfd/ 0f cg;g eL lsof hf / xf yf . ;/ sf/ sf] r] tfjgL bL hf / xL yL ls cu/ ca eL dw] z s] ;fy lje] b x'cf tf] dw] zL hgtf r'k gxL+ / x] uL . ;8Þs ;] ;bg ts x+ufdf xf] uf . cf} / ox aft / fi6«Lo—cGt/ f{i6«Lo dLl8of g] g] kfn–ef/ t s] sf] g] –sf] g] d] + km} nf lbof . ;fs{ ;Dd] ng d] + ls;L k|sf/ sf åGå of Jojwfg pTkGg gf xf] O;lnP ef/ tLo k|wfgdGqL g/ ] Gb| df] bL g] hgsk'/ e|d0f s] / 2 xf] g] sf sf/ 0f ckgL Jo: ttf


cfj/0f

sf] atfgf xL plrt ;demf .ca ;jfn x} k|d df] bL s] hgsk'/

e|d0f / 2 xf] g] sf sf/ 0f Sof x} < dw] zL hgtf O;sL jhx x} of ;/ sf/ < . P] ;f eL xf] ;stf x} ef/ t ;/ sf/ g] ef/ tk|lt dw] zL hgtf sL efjgf ;Demg] s] lnP hgsk'/ e|d0f sf xNnf dfq lsof xf] < oxfF k/ tLg ;jfn x} – hf] cfd hgtf sf] c;d+h; d+] / v] x'P x} .

hxfF ts dw] zL hgtf sf ;jfn x} tf] jx df] bL s] hgsk'/ e|d0f ;] cTolws pT;flxt yL cf} / k"/ L t/ x ;dlk{t eL . df] bL e|d0f ;] hgsk'/ sf] ko{6sLo b[li6sf] 0f ;] hf] kmfobf xf] tf, jx lgZro xL hgtf s] xs d] + xf] tf . O;lnP pGx] + O;sf sf/ 0f dfggf unt xf] uf .

sfFu|] ;—Pdfn] s] ;+o'Qm ;/ sf/ g] k|wfgdGqL g/ ] Gb| df] bL s] hgsk'/ e|d0f : ylut sf hf] sf/ 0f Pdfcf] jfbL cf} / dw] zjfbL sf lbvfof x} , jx cf/ f] k dfq x} . rf/ dxLgf kxn] df] bL hL sf hgsk'/ e|d0f to xf] r'sf yf . lkm/ ;/ sf/ g] p;sL t} of/ L Sof] gxL+ sL < ;/ sf/ cf} / Pdfcf] jfbL–dw] zjfbL bnaLr ;'/ Iff ljifo d] + t"==t"==, d} +==d} + Sof] + x'cf . ;/ sf/ hfgtL x} – df] bL hL sf] ljsf; cf} / efif0f bf] gf] lk|o x} + . p;s] afjh"b eL ljsf; cf} / efif0f bf] gf] + k/ / f] s nufgf hgtf sL efjgf xL gxL+ df] bL hL sL OR5f s] ljk/ Lt yL . k|d df] bL hL s] hgsk'/ e|d0f sL t} of/ L gxL+ s/ gf, sfFu|] ; s] g] tf / fdz/ 0f dxt cf} / uug yfkf åf/ f hgsk'/ e|d0f / f] sg] sf k|of; s/ gf, g] kfn—ef/ t d} qL ;dfh åf/ f blnt Pj+ lk58Þ] ju{ s] 5fqf] + sf] ;fOsn ljt/ 0f k/ u[xdGqL jfdb] j uf} td åf/ f

s"6gLlt dof{bf ljk/ Lt xf] g] sf : 6] 6d] G6 b] gf cflb e|d0f / f] sg] sf if8\oGq yf .

Sof kxf8Þ cf} / dw] z s] lnP cnu sfg"g of s"6gLlts Joj: yf x} < g] kfn ;/ sf/ sf] ox : ki6 s/ gf cfjZos x} .

cu/ ef/ t ;/ sf/ Ps 5f] 6f ;f tf] xkmf dw] z s] 5fqf] + sf] b] gf rfxtL x} tf] jx s"6gLlt s] lj?4 s} ;] xf] hftf x} < jx

;fOlsn yL, sf] O{ tf] k gxL+ lh;;] ;/ sf/ sf] 8/ nu uof . aft ;LwL ;L x} ls ;/ sf/ dw] z s] dg d] + ef/ t s] k|lt sf] O{ cR5L efjgf gxL+ cfg] b] gf rfxtL yL . Sof] +ls ox ;eL hfgt] x} + ls dw] z cf} /

ef/ t sL ;+: s[lt d] + Ps¿ktf x} , hf] sxL+ gf sxL+ ;] dw] z sf] ef/ t ;] hf] 8ÞtL x} . lh;s] sf/ 0f dw] z sf] v'b p;s] b] z d] + xL k/ fof s/ lbof hftf x} cf} / p;] lje] b sf lzsf/ xf] gf k8Þtf x} . . jxL+ k/ ;] gf s] lnP x] lnsK6/ lbof hftf x} , g] kfn–ef/ t s] ;xof] u d] + / ] n ;~rfng xf] tL, PDa'n] G; lbof hftf x} , ;8Þs] + lgdf{0f Pj+ dd{t xf] tL x} tf] p; ;do ox s"6gLlt sxfF xf] tL x} < ox ;jfn dw] zL hgtf sf x} . lxGbL sljtf …;jn ;xfos ;jn s] , sf] O{ g lgd{n ;xfo, kjg hufjt cfu s] , bLk xL b] t a'emfPÚ cyf{t\ a8Þf] + s] ;eL ;xof] uL xf] t] x} 5f] 6f] + s] sf] O{ gxL+ . Ps xL xjf seL tf] bLof sf] a'emf b] tL x} cf} / seL jxL xjf ls;L k'cfn s] 9Þ] / d] + cu/ lrguf/ L eL k8Þ uO{ tf] p;] cfu sf ¿k b] b] tL x} . ;/ sf/ sL gLlt oxL / xL tf] xjf sa ckgf ?v abn n] ox sxf gxL+ hf ;stf . ckg] xL nf] uf] + g] df] bL e|d0f s] qmd d] + hf] ¿k lbvfof x} jx dw] z xd] zf ofb / v] uf ox tf] to x} . lll

e|d0f :ylut xf]gf b'ef{Uok"0f{ef/ tLo k|wfgdGqL g/ ] Gb| df] bL hL sf

hgsk'/ cf} / n'lDagL e|d0f : ylut xf] gf b'ef{Uok"0f{ x} . dw] z s] ;fy ax't a8Þf lje] b x'cf x} . hgsk'/ sf ljsf; eL g] kfn sf xL ljsf; x} ;/ sf/ g] + P] ;f gxL+ ;f] rf . g] kfn s] tTsfnLg k|wfgdGqL 8f= afa'/ fd e§/ fO{ h] go' d] +, / fi6«klt 8f= / fdj/ 0f ofbj sf agf/ ; s] ljBfno d] + ;fj{hlgs efif0f b] gf s"6gLlts dof{bf xf] ;stL x} tf] df] bL hL sf ;fj{hlgs efif0f s'6gLlts dofbf{ sf pNn3+g s} ;] x'cf < ljdn] Gb| lglw sf] e|d0f sL lhDd] bf/ L ;f} +kL uoL yL . p; If] q s] g] tf xf] g] ;] eL lglw sf] O; e|d0f sf] ;kmn s/ fgf yf n] lsg jf] r"s uP . Pdfcf] jfbL cf} / dw] zjfbL bnf] + s] sf/ 0f e|d0f sf] / 2 lsof uof o] aft k"/ L t/ x ;] unt x} . o] cf/ f] k nufs/ ;/ sf/ : jo+ sf] bf] ifd'St s/ / xL x} . g] kfn–ef/ t dlxnf d} qL ;dfh sL kxn ;] t/ fO{ s] u|fdL0f lhnf+] s] u/ Lj 5fq÷5fqf] d] + bf] xhf/ ;fO{lsn ljt/ 0f

lsP hfg] sf sfo{qmd yf . g] kfnL dLl8of g] + O;aft sf] gfsf/ fTds t/ Ls] ;] km} nfof O; k/ xdf/ L 3f] / cfklQ x} . n] lsg ;/ sf/ g] O; e|d0f sf] / f] ss/ vf] vnf / fi6«jfb sf k|bz{g lsof . ef/ t cu/ g] kfnL ;] gf sf] x] lnsfK6/ b] tf x} tf] / fi6«jfb cf} / dw] z s] aRrf] + sf] ;fOlsn b] tf x} tf] / fi6«jfbL gxL+ < u[xdGqL afdb] j uf} td sf hgsk'/ d] + ;fj{hlgs efif0f cf} / ;fOlsn ljt/ 0f gxL+ xf] uf P] ;f sxgf plrt gxL+ yf .

-lxdflngL s] lnP ljgo s'df/ ;] x'O{ aftlrt s] cfwf/ k/_

rGbf rf}w/LcWoIf, g]kfn–ef/t dlxnf d}qL ;dfh

cu/ ef/ t ;/ sf/ Ps 5f] 6f ;f tf] xkmf dw] z

s] 5fqf] + sf] b] gf rfxtL x} tf] jx s"6gLlt s]

lj?4 s} ;] xf] hftf x} < jx ;fOlsn yL, sf] O{

tf] k gxL+ lh;;] ;/ sf/ sf] 8/ nu uof . aft

;LwL ;L x} ls ;/ sf/ dw] z s] dg d] + ef/ t s]

k|lt sf] O{ cR5L efjgf gxL+ cfg] b] gf rfxtL yL .


afa'/fd kf} 8\ofn

ljZn]if0f

hf / xf x} . hflx/ x} Og lbgf] + lxGb'jfb sf] eL Ps d'lxd s] ¿k d] + cfu] nfg] sL s8ÞL sf] lzz] + xf] / xL x+} . atfof hftf x} , sO{ bnf] + s] s'5 a8ÞL xl: tof] + sL eL O;d] + ;+nUgtf x} . sof; x} ls O;d] + k8Þf] ;L b] z ef/ t s] s'5 wfld{s nf] uf] + sf ;dy{g x} . sfd/ ] 8 k|r08 g] kfnL w/ tL k/ ;fDojfb sf] hftLo nafbf] + d+] lh; sb/ k|of] u s/ / x] x} , jxL k|of] u sdn yfkf eL b'x/ f / x] x+} . jSt sf dhfs b] lvP, slyt qmflGtsf/ L cf} / k|ltudgsf/ L bf] gf] + g] ;f+: s[lts d'2] sf] xL pkof] u s/ g] sL 7fg nL x} . o] bf] gf] + ;+: s[lt s] k|lt nf] uf] + sL efjgfTdstf cf} / p;sL ghfst sf] enL ef+lt ;demt] x} + . Og bf] gf] + sL ;+ljwfg;ef d] + pkl: ylt Sof / +u nfo] uL . ;eL hfgt] x} +, ;Gt saL/ g] vL/ ] sL pkdf b] s/ lnvf x} æb] vg sf] Ps nu} eLt/ ;] kmf+s] tLgÆ dw] zL bnf] + sL lgolt oxL x} . pgsf cl: tTj s] jn df] / r] s] : j¿k d] + of lkm/ a8Þ] bn sL 5t/ L s] tn] xL gh/ cftf x} . df] / r] sf dtna Pstf gxL jlNs lje] b d] + Ps xf] gf x} . ;+ljwfg;ef d] + pgsL dgf] bzf eL oxL x} . Og bnf] + d] + P] ;L sf] O{ ;} 4flGts ;d: of gh/ gxL+ cftL lh;s] sf/ 0f dw] z d] + cg] s bnf] + sL cfjZostf k8Þ] . dw] z s] k|lt / fHo sL pk] Iff sf k'/ fgf akm{ ca s'5 lk3n r'sf x} hf] dw] zL hgtf s] ;+3if{ sf xL k|ltkmn x} . ca dw] z sf] If] qLotf s] l;s'8Þg ;] d'St xf] s/ / fi6«Lo ¿k d] + cfu] cfg] sL cfjZostf x} . g] kfnL sf+u|] ; cf} / g] skf Pdfn] eL ;+ljwfg;ef s] ul0ft sf] cGw] sL nf7L s] ¿k d] + n] / x] x} + . pGx] eL ox gxL+ e"ngf rflxP ls ;+ljwfg sf] ;Ddflgt agfg] s] lnP x/ ;+ej sf] lzz s/ gL xf] uL . pGx] : d/ 0f s/ gf plrt xf] uf ls hgtf g] kxnL ;+ljwfg;ef d] + pGx] ;+VofTds b[li6 ;] sdhf] / 3] / ] d] + / v lbof yf . ;jfn cs] n] ul0ft sf gxL+ x} .

O;s] cnfjf ;+3Lotf s] lj/ f] wL : j/ eL ;+ljwfg ;ef d] + x} . Og k/ : k/ lj/ f] wL / fhgLlts dtf] + sf] a/ s/ f/ / vt] x'o] ;+ljwfg sf ;j{dfGo aggf laNs'n c;Dej x} . ;eL bnf] + sf] Ps ;fy a} 7 s/ g] kfnL cf} / g] kfn cf} / p;sL ef} uf] lns, ;f+: s[lts rl/ q sf] Wofg d] + / vt] x'o] ;f] rg] sL cfjZostf x} . zfob O;s] lnP bn ca eL t} of/ gxL+ x} + . g] kfn sL / fhgLlts tfst] + cGb¿gL lx;fa ;] lhtgL cl8Þon cf} / lh2L x} afx/ L lx;fa ;] sxL+ clws nfrf/ cf} / cfTdljZjf;xLg x} . g] kfn d] + rn / x] ult/ f] w sf] n] s/ afx/ sL cR5L cf} / a'/ L zlStof] + sL lbnr: kL a9Þ / xL x} . kf; k8Þf] ; s] rLg cf} / ef/ t h} ;] b] zf] + sL eL : jfefljs lbnr: kL x} Sof] +ls xdf/ L ;LdfP+ pg ;] ldntL x} + cf} / xdf/ ] sltko lg0f{o ;] pgsf ;/ f] sf/ xf] ;stf x} . pg k/ pgsL ldqjt\ ;nfx dzlj/ ] sf] dgg s/ gf cfjZos x} . lkm/ eL b] z s] lxt d] + cf} / afx/ L b] zf] + s] ;fy s"6gLlts dof{bfcf] + s] ;fy sfd s/ gf cfjZos x} .

hgtf cfly{s k|ult cf} / ;fdflhs, ;f+: s[lts ;'/ Iff rfxtL x} . ljut s] ;eL hgcfGbf] ngf] + sL d+zf eL oxL / xL x} . hgtf g] bnf] + s] g] t[Tj d] + / Stkftk"0f{ ;] zflGtk"0f{ cfGbf] ngf] +, cf} / r'gfjf] + d] + c;/ bf/ lx: ;f n] s/ pgs] k|lt hf] ljZjf; htfof x} , p;sf] : d/ 0f s/ gf cfjZos x} . ca bnf] + s] g] tf hf] s'5 eL af] n / x] xf] + pgs] kf; lkm/ hgtf sf] ;+3if{ s] lnP ckLn s/ g] sf g} lts cfwf/ zfob xL arf xf] . hgtf g] / f0fftGq cf} / / fhtGq sf] hdLgbf] h s/ lbof x} . hgtf sf] p;sL OR5fcf] + k/ cs{d0otf, c/ fhstf cf} / ;+qmd0f sf sx/ a/ kfg] jfnL tfstf] + s] lvnfkm xNnf af] n b] , sxg] jfnf x} sf] O{ P] ;f dfO{ sf nfn < lll

–aburampoudyal352gmail.com

;+ljwfg k/ ;xdlt

lkm/ jxL 9Þfs s] tLg kQ]en] xL c6\7fx/ j] + sf7df+8" ;fs{

;Dd] ng s] afb s] lbgf] + d] + l;of;L xnsf] + d] + ;/ uld{of+ s'5 t] h h¿/ xf] / xL x} , k/ Gt' pNemgf] + s] ;'nemg] s] cf;f/ ca eL gxL+ x} + . ;+ljwfg agg] sL lbzf d] + ult/ f] w a/ s/ f/ x} . kxnL ;+ljwfg;ef lhg c;xdltof] + s] rnt] lj3l6t xf] uO{ yL, p; k/ ca ts eL sf] O{ vf; k|ult gxL+ lbvfO{ b] / xL . ;+3Lo ;+/ rgf cf} / p;sf : j¿k cf} / zf;g k|0ffnL h} ;] d'2] ;xdlt s] ahfo ca eL h; s] t; k8Þ] x} . r'gfj s] ;do g] tfcf] + s] aofgf] + ;] nutf yf ls j] ljut sL c;kmntf ;] cR5L ;Lv n] r's] x} + cf} / ca j] jfob] s] d'tflas b] z sf] gO{ ;+ljwfg b] kfg] d] + sfdofa xf] +u] . ta pgs] åf/ f O;L df3 * ut] s] lbg ;+ljwfg agfg] sL ;do ;Ldf ts 3f] if0ff sL uO{ yL . pgsL ox ;doaGbL eL xfy ;] lgsng] xL jfnL x} . / fhgLlts bnf] + sL O; c;kmntf ;] b] z s] pmk/ ;] ;+qmd0f cf} / c/ fhstf s] sfn] afbn 5+6g] sL ;+efjgf ax't IfL0f xf] tL gh/ cfg] nuL x} . cflv/ g] kfnL hgtf sf] ;+ljwfg s] lnP cf} / sa ts OGthf/ s/ gf k8Þ] uf < bnf] + s] cl8Þon / j} o] s] rnt] hgtf sL gh/ d] + pgsf sb cf} / 5f] 6f k8Þtf gh/ cftf x} . O;d] + sf] O{ bf] / fo gxL+ ls ;+ljwfg k/ ;xdlt h¿/ L x} . cu/ bn d'2f] + k/ ;xdlt s/ g] d] + c;kmn xf] hft] x} + tf] g] kfnL hgtf sf] p;L c;kmntf k/ d/ ld6g] sL sf] O{ jfWotf eL gxL+ x} . g] kfnL hgtf tf] cdg r} g cf} / t/ SsL rfxtL x} , bnf] + sL u'nfdL gxL+ .

jt{dfg ;+ljwfg;ef sf / fhgLlts ;dLs/ 0f tf] cf} / eL hl6n ;f k|tLt xf] tf x} . b";/ ] hgcfGbf] ng sL k|d'v cfGbf] ngsf/ L zlStof+ Pg] skf dfcf] jfbL, dw] zjfbL bn, g] kfnL sf+u|] ; cf} / g] skf Pdfn] h} ;] bnf] + s] aLr ;xdlt sL lvr8ÞL ks gxL+ / xL x} . ;+3Lotf sf] n] s/ tf] vf; ljjfb tLgf] + d] + gxL lbvfO{ b] tf k/ Gt' k|b] zf] + sL ;+Vof cf} / p; s] : j¿k k/ aft] + gxL+ ag / xL x} . sdn yfkf sf / fhfjfb eL r'gfj d] + ckgL t/ SsL lbvf r'sf x} . O;;] pT;flxt yfkf eL ;+ljwfg;ef d] + x+ufdf s/ g] sf d"8 agft] lbvt] x} + . / fhfjfb s] d'2] sf] ca lxGb'/ fHo s] wfld{s nafbf] + d] + cfu] nfof


;RrfO{ hf] eL xf] , n] lsg Ps d'xfj/ f ;f ag uof x} – g] kfn

cf} / ef/ t s] aLr / f] 6L cf} / a] 6L sf ;+aGw x} . g] tf rfx] g] kfn s] xf+] of lkm/ k8Þf] ;L d'Ns ef/ t s] , bf] gf] d'Ns s] g] tfcf] + sf] cu/ g] kfn ef/ t ;+aGw k/ bf] zAb af] ngf k8] Þ tf] , efif0f xL O;L d'xfj/ ] ;] z'? xf] tf x} . P] ;L aft gxL+ ls O; d'xfj/ f d] + ;RrfO{ gxL+ . aft q] tf o'u sL s/ ] + tf] cof] Wof s] / fhs'df/ eujfg >L/ fdrGb| hL sf ljjfx hgs gGbgL ;Ltf ;] x'cf yf . ox qmd ceL eL hf/ L x} . g] kfn s] ;Qf d] + / x] zfxj+z xf] of ;+e|fGt sxnfg] jfn] / f0ff, ef/ t s] ;fy o] nf] u kfl/ jfl/ s ¿k ;] h'8Þ] x} + . cf} / vf;s/ g] kfn s] blIf0fjtL{ dw] z s] lhn] sL aft sL hfo, tf] ufFj xf] of zx/ x/ 3/ d] + of tf] ax" gxL+ tf] hdfO{ k8Þf] ;L d'Ns s] xL x} + . Ps af/ lkm/ ljjfx sf df} ;d z'? xf] uof x} cf} / g l;km{ n8Þs] n8ÞlsofF j/ g pgs] cleefjs eL b";/ ] d'Ns vf; s/ ef/ t d] + l/ Ztf gxL+ hf] 8Þgf rfxt] . b'ef{Uo xL sxgf rflxP / f] 6La] 6L s] O; d'xfj/ ] k/

wL/ ] –wL/ ] u|x0f nutf hf / xf x} .g] kfn cf} / ef/ t bf] gf] d'Ns d] + lxGb",

d'l: nd, af} 4 wd{ sL afx'Notf x} cf} / oxL sf/ 0f x} ls bf] gf] b] z d] + ;dfg efiff,

;+: s[lt cf} / k/ Dk/ f kfoL hftL x} . oxL ;dfgtf pGx+] g s] jn ghbLs nftL x} alNs pGx] kfl/ jfl/ s l/ Zt] d] + eL hf] 8ÞtL x} . ;Ldfkf/ kfl/ jfl/ s ;+aGw bf] b] z s] l/ Zt] sf] ;'dw'/ cf} / ;'b[9Þ agfg] d] + ax't dxTjk"0f{ e"ldsf lgjf{x s/ / xf x} . n] lsg s'5 jiff] {+ ;] nf] u cGtb] {zLo ;+aGw vf; s/ g] kfn cf} / ef/ t aLr kfl/ jfl/ s ;+aGw agfg] d] + st/ fg] nu] x} . lh;sf k|d'v sf/ 0f x} bf] gf] + b] z s] hgtf aLr a9ÞtL c;dembf/ L . g] kfn s] blIf0fjtL{ lhnf s] clwsf+z nf] u hf] ls;L hdfg] d] k8Þf] ;L d'Ns d] + j} jflxs ;+aGw hf] 8Þgf rfxt] y] cfh d's/ / x] x} + . crfgs ;] o] abnfj s} ;] cfof < Sof] + pGx] + nutf x} ls l/ Ztf] + s] gfd k/ ef/ t pg;] w"t{afhL s/ / xf x} .

b/ c;n g] kfn sf blIf0fjtL{ lhnf vfBfGg sf e08f/ x} hf] nueu k"/ ] b] z sf] cGg cfk"lt{ s/ tf x} . lzIff sL aft s/ ] + tf] k"/ ] b] z d] + lzIfs blIf0fL lhnf s]

xL x} + . e"ld eL ;dtn x} hxfF ljsf; sf k"jf{wf/ ax't cf;fgL ;] lgdf{0f lsof hf ;stf x} . n] lsg b'ef{Uo Og lhNff] + sf, Sof] +ls jxfF ;8Þs gxL+ x} , lahnL gxL+, kfgL gxL+, 9+u sf c: ktfn gxL+ , 9+u sf ljBfno of ljZjljBfno gxL+ x} . ef/ t s] lnP ;'/ Iff sjr sf sfd s/

/ x] Og lhn] s]

nf] uf] + sf] ckg] xL / fi6« d] + kxrfg s] lnP ;+3if{ s/ gf k8Þ / xf x} .

kfl/ jfl/ s l/ Zt] s] sf/ 0f jx ef/ t s] lvnfkm s'5 gxL+ af] ngf rfxt] . n] lsg oxL l/ Ztf ca pgs] lnP ;/ bb{ ag uof x} . pGx+] nutf x} , g] kfn s] zf;s ju{ sL t/ x ef/ t eL dw] z ;] l;km{ kmfobf n] / xf x} cf} / abn] d] + s'5 gxL+ ldn / xf x} . cf} / ca dw] z s] nf] u ef/ t s] ;fy ;+aGw a9Þfgf gxL+ rfxt] .

bf] gf] + b] z s] / fh g] tf cf} / : yfgLo k|zf;g s] Jojxf/ ;] vf;s/ ;LdfjtL{ nf] u qm'4 xf]t] hf / x] x} + . Ps lgof] lht of] hgf s] txt / f] 6L a] 6L s] ;+aGw sf] tf] 8Þg] sL r] i6f sL hf / xL x} . zfob O;L l: ylt sf] efFk s/ g] kfn s] pk/ fi6«klt

Oltxf; g ag hfo] / f] 6L–a] 6L sf ;+aGw

s~rgf emf

;Ldfkf/ kfl/ jfl/ s ;+aGw bf] b] z s] l/ Zt] sf] ;'dw'/ cf} / ;'b[9Þ agfg] d] + ax't dxTjk"0f{ e"ldsf lgjf{x s/ / xf x} . n] lsg s'5 jiff] {+ ;] nf] u cGtb] {lzo ;+aGw vf; s/ g] kfn cf} / ef/ t aLr kfl/ jfl/ s ;+aGw agfg] d] + st/ fg] nu] x} .

@! jL+ zbL d] + ljZj Ps 5f] 6] ;] ufFj d] + l;d6 s/ / x uof x} lh;sf k|d'v sf/ 0f x} oftfoft cf} / ;+rf/ . n] lsg ceL eL ;LdfjtL{ zx/ hogu/ ;] cfk g] kfn 6] lnkmf] g s/ ] + tf] k|lt ldg6 s/ La 5 ?kof ef/ tLo nu hftf x} . lkm/ s} ;] ;Dej x} ,

cR5] ;DaGw <

l/kf]6{


dxfdlxd k/ dfgGb emf g] Ps ;fj{hlgs sfo{qmd d] + ckgL cleJolSt b] t] x'P sxf– l: ylt d] + kl/ jt{g gxL+ x'cf tf] g] kfn cf} / ef/ t aLr / f] 6La] 6L sf ;+aGw l;km{ Oltxf; ag s/ / x hfo] uf . ;Ldf ;] t' ;+ud gfd lbof uof O; sfo{qmd d] + g] kfn cf} / ef/ t s] ;f+;b, ljleGg / fhgLlt bn ;+a4 g] tfu0f cf} / bf] gf] b] z s] ljåt ju{ sL ;xeflutf yL . pk/ fi6«klt dxf] bo g] ha ckgL aft / vL tf] k"/ f xf‘n PsfPs : tAw xf] uof yf , n] lsg s'5 b] / afb zfob ;eL g] ckg] lu/ ] afg d] + emfFsg] sL sf] lzz sL cf} / nuf sL pk/ fi6«klt dxf] bo hf] sx / x] x+} , jx laNs'n ;xL x} .

aft l;km{ OtgL xL gxL+ / fhdfu{ sL b'/ fj: yf cf} / / f: t] sL sl7gfO{ eL ;+a+w d] + vnn kx'Frf / xf x} . sf7df+8" d] + / x / xL ckgL a] 6L ;] ldng] cfo] pbo z+s/ emf sxt] x} + – a] 6L cf} / hdfO{ ;] ldng] sf dg xf] tf x} n] lsg Sof s?+ x/ jSt 8/ / xtf x} ls sf7dfG8" ts s} ;] kx'Fr"+uf . b"/ L Hofbf gxL+ x} n] lsg ;8Þs sL b'/ fj: yf cf} / g] kfn d] + x/ jSt aGb, x8Þtfn s] sf/ 0f sf7df+8" cfg] ;] st/ ftf / xtf x"F, .

jf: tj d] + b] vf hfo tf] emf sf sxgf zt k|ltzt ;xL x} . ef/ t cf} / g] kfn sf] hf] 8Þg] jfnL ;LdfjtL{ ;8s] + c: t Jo: t x} . ;fnf] + ;fn ;] dd{t s] OGthf/ d] + / xL o] ;8s] + bf] gf] / fi6«f] + åf/ f cjx] lnt agL x'O{ x} . ;LdfjtL{ ;8sf] + k/ a8] Þ a8Þ] u9\9] ag] x'P x} cf} / ofqf s/ gf hf] lvd k"0f{ x} lh;] ;'wf/ s] lnP k|efjsf/ L k|of; ceL eL gxL+ x'cf x} .

/ f] 6L cf} / a] 6L sf ;+aGw d+xuf ;fljt xf] / xf x} . ljljw sf/ 0f ;] b"/ L a9ÞtL hf / xL x} . kjg s'df/ s0f{ sxt] x} – ljjfx ;f] r ;dems/ s/ gf rflxP . ;+aGw Otgf b"/ gxL+ xf] ls l/ Ztf agfP / vg] s] rSs/ d] + cfk aaf{b xf] hfo] + . s/ La kfFr ;fn kxn] pgsf ljjfx x'cf yf . ljjfx s] afb jx ceL ts ;';/ fn gxL+ uo] . hft] eL s} ;] , hfg] s] lnP bf] lbg cf} / cfg] s] lnP bf] lbg . b"/ L sf] O{ vf; gxL+, sf7df+8" cf} / k6gf sL b"/ L b] vL hfo tf] kfFr ;f} lsnf] dL6/ ;] eL sd x} , cfd uf8ÞL ;] ox b"/ L !@ 3G6f d] + to sL hf ;stL x} . n] lsg k6gf hfg] s] lnP, sf7df+8" ;] aL/ u+h, jxfF ;] l/ Szf ks8Þ s/ / S;f} n af] 8{/ , lkm/ b";/ f l/ Szf cf/ } a; : 6\ofG8 . / S;f} n d] + k6gf s] lnP ;Lw] a; gxL+ ldntL x} tf] jxfF ;] d'hˆkm/ k'/ cf} / lkm/ jxfF ;] k6gf . aRr] cf} / ;dfg n] s/ k6gf kx'Frgf pgs] lnP

dfgf] Ps o'4 ;dfg x} . jx k|Zg s/ t] x} +– ;+aGw ha / f] 6L cf} / a] 6L sf x} tf] / f: t] Otg] v/ fa Sof] + < o"/ f] k d] + Ps / fi6« ;] b";/ ] / fi6« d]+ cf;fg ;] hfof hf ;stf x} n] lsg oxfF tf] g] kfn s] ;LdfjtL{ zx/ hgsk'/ ;] ef/ t sL ;LdfjtL{ zx/ hogu/ kx'Frg] d] + tLg 3G6f nu hft] x} + hals b"/ L l;km{ @& lsnf] dL6/ x} .

g] kfn cf} / ef/ t s] g] tfu0f xd] zf Ps xL aft bf] x/ ft] x} + bf] gf] / fi6«f+] s] aLr b"/ L sd xf] gL rflxP . @! jL+ zbL d] + ljZj Ps 5f] 6] ;] ufFj d] + l;d6 s/ / x uof x} lh;sf k|d'v sf/ 0f x} oftfoft cf} / ;+rf/ . n] lsg ceL eL ;LdfjtL{ zx/ hogu/ ;] cfk

g] kfn 6] lnkmf] g s/ ] + tf] k|lt ldg6 s/ La 5 ?kof ef/ tLo nu hftf x} . lkm/ s} ;] ;Dej x} , cR5] ;DaGw < lk5nL af/ ef/ tLo k|wfgdGqL g/ ] Gb| df] bL ha g] kfn e|d0f d] + cfo] tf] pGxf] g] 6] lnkmf] g z'Ns sd s/ g] sL aft sL yL , n] lsg k|wfgdGqL df] bL sL k|lta4tf eL cf} / g] tf ;] Hofbf kms{ gxL+ . dh] sL aft tf] ox x} ls g] kfn of ef/ t ;] cd] l/ sf Ps ?kof k|lt ldg6 d] + aft sL hf ;stL x} .

lg/ Gt/ d'nsft cf} / jftf{nfk gxL+ xf] g] s] sf/ 0f ;+aGw d] + v6f; cf / xL x} . kf] v/ f d] + a;] ;'lrtf s] dftf lktf ;demt] x} + ls pgsf hdfO{ u': ;] d] + x} . ljjfx s] tLg ;fn u'h/ hfg] s] afb a] 6L cf} / hdfO{ Ps af/ eL gxL+ cfo] . ;'lrtf sf ;;'/ fn d'DaO{ d] + x} . ;fdfGo gf} s/ L, hxfh sf ls/ fof d'lZsn x} cf} / 6«] g ;] cfo] tf] oxfF kx'Frg] d] + tLg lbg nu hft] x} + . k|fOj] 6 gf} s/ L d] + sxfF ;] ldn] uL OtgL 5'6\6L . kmf] g ;] aft s/ ] tf] ldg6 sf ^ ?kof . ;+aGw xL ;d: of agtf hf / xf x} .

zfob O;lnP sNkgf gxL+ rfxtL x} ls

p;sL zfbL ef/ t d] + xf] . jftfj/ 0f lj1fg ;] : gftsf] Q/ s/ / xL sNkgf sxtL x} – g] kfn d] + ls;L n8Þs] s] ;fy zfbL d+h"/ x} n] lsg ef/ t d] + gxL+ . ha ;fdflhs ;+aGw xL vTd xf] hfo] uf tf] ljjfx s/ s] Sof kmfobf < j} ;] eL sNkgf g] kfn d] + knL a9ÞL x} cf} / oxL+ jx ckgf s‘l/ o/ agfgf rfxtL x} . ef/ t d] + p;] ;a s'5 z"Go ;] z'? s/ gf k8] Þuf .

ef/ t jf/ f0f;L ;] ;dfh zf: q d] + : gfts sL x'O{ ;l/ tf sL tf] dfgf] lhGbuL xL vTd xf] uO{ . jx l;len ;le;] {h sL t} of/ L s/ / xL yL, crfgs ;] zfbL xf] uO{ cf} / jx g] kfn cf uoL . jx sxtL x} – d] / L k9ÞfO{ sf

tf] oxfF sf] O{ dtna xL gxL+ Sof] +ls g] kfn d] + x/ rLh g] kfnL efiff d] + xf] tL x} , hf] d'em] lans'n gxL cftL . jx cfZro{ JoSt s/ t] x'P sxtL x} – lh; b] z sL cfwL hg;+Vof sL ;Dks{ efiff lxGbL xf] , p; efiff sf oxfF sf] O{ dxTj gxL+ . bf] gf] b] zf] + s] ;/ sf/ cf} / gLlt lgdf{tf sf] rflxP ls ;/ sf/ L gf} s/ L d] + efiff sL gLlt d] + km] / abn s/ ] .

;l/ tf sL aft d] + en] xL ;Totf xf] n] lsg sf} g ;'g] uf pgsL aft < lk5nL ;+ljwfg;ef d] + #) k|ltzt ;] Hofbf dw] zL ;ef;b y] , hf] : jo+ lxGbL efiff sf] xL ;Dks{ s] ?k d] + k|of] u s/ t] x+} . n] lsg lxGbL efiff sf] dfGotf ldn] O;s] lnP sf] O{ vf; k|of; gxL+ lsof uof . lk5n] lbgf] + g] kfn d] + gful/ stf sf] n] s/ rn / x] ljjfb g] nf] uf] + sL cfz+sf cf} / a9Þf bL x} . cu/ gful/ stf gxL+ ldnL tf] g] kfn d] + gf} s/ L ldngf d'lZsn, a} +s d] + vftf vf] ngf d'lZsn, 3/ of v] t v/ Lb s/ gf d'lZsn . ;+ljwfg lgdf{0f k|lqmof d] + nu] O; / fi6« sf] rflxP ls gLlt sf] ;dofg's"n agfo] + . n] lsg ljleGg / fhgLlts bn s] g] tfcf] + sf] 8/ x} ls lxGbL efiff sf]

vf;s/ g] kfn d] + / fhgLlts ;+qmd0f z'? xf] g] s] afb ljsf;d"ns sfo{ nueu 7Kk xf] uof x} . pBf] u wGwf, sn sf/ vfgf aGb ;f xf] uof x} lh;sf k|ToIf c;/ nf] uf] + sL cfdbgL k/ k8 Þf x} . cf} / kof{Kt bx] h b] g] d] + c;dy{ xf] t] hf / x] x} , cf} / P] ;] d] + ef/ t d] + ljjfx yf] 8 Þf d'lZsn xf] tf hf / xf x} . ef/ t s] clwsf+z ;d'bfo d] + n8 Þs] sf] a} +s sf r] s ;demf hftf x} lh;] kl/ jf/ jfn] zfbL s]

;do d] + Sof; s/ t] x+} .

l/kf]6{


dfGotf cf} / gful/ stf ;+aGwL gLlt d] + 9Ln bL uO{ tf] ;a cj;/ jxL nf] u n] n] +u] .

a8Þ] 3/ fg] s] dlxnf cf} / k'?if bf] gf] + sf] sf] O{ ;d: of gxL+ . pg nf] uf] + sf] arkg ;] xL cGt/ f{i6L«o: t/ sL lzIff bL hftL x} , jx hxfh ;] ofqf s/ t] x} +, ;d: of x} ;LdfjtL{ lhnf d] + / x / x] ;j{ ;fwf/ 0f sf] , rfx] jf] g] kfn s] xf] + of ef/ t s] .

ljjfx Ps aGwg x} hf] g l;km{ bf] JolSt sf] j/ g bf] kl/ jf/ f] + sf] hf] 8Þtf x} . n] lsg cf/ tL sf dfggf x} – bx] h O; ;+aGw sf] lauf8Þ / xf x} cf} / ef/ t d] + tf] O;g] ljs[t ¿k xL n] nL x} . jx gxL+ rfxtL x} ls ls;L eL a] 6L sf ljjfx ef/ t d] + xf] + . pgs] ufFj sL bf] axgf] sL bx] h s] sf/ 0f xTof s/ bL uoL . bf] gf] + sL zfbL ef/ t d] + x'O{ yL . lj1fg ljifo ;] : gftsf] Q/ n8ÞsL sf] bx] h s] sf/ 0f 6's8f 6's8f s/ lbof uof cf} / / ] nj] sL k6/ L k/ km] +s lbof uof . p;] dfos] jfnf] + sf] hfgsf/ L bL uoL ls p;g] cfTdxTof sL . cf/ lt sL ufFj sL b";/ L Ps n8ÞsL sf] eL bx] h s] sf/ 0f n8Þs] g] 5f] 8Þ lbof . p;sL lhGbuL tafx xf] uoL x} . ef/ t d] + bx] h sL ;d: of g] kfn sL t'ngf d] + Hofbf x} P] ;f dfggf x} g] kfn d] + . zfob O;lnP eL ax't ;] kl/ jf/ ef/ t d] + ljjfx s/ g] ;] st/ ft] x} + .

vf;s/ g] kfn d] + / fhgLlts ;+qmd0f z'? xf] g] s] afb ljsf;d"ns sfo{ nueu 7Kk xf] uof x} . pBf] u wGwf, sn sf/ vfgf aGb ;f xf] uof x} lh;sf k|ToIf c;/ nf] uf] + sL cfdbgL k/ k8Þf x} . cf} / kof{Kt bx] h b] g] d] + c;dy{ xf] t] hf / x] x} , cf} / P] ;] d] + ef/ t d] + ljjfx yf] 8Þf d'lZsn xf] tf hf / xf x} . ef/ t s] clwsf+z ;d'bfo d] + n8Þs] sf] a} +s sf r] s ;demf hftf x} lh;] kl/ jf/ jfn] zfbL s] ;do d] + Sof; s/ t] x+} .

zfbL sL pd| d] + / xL : g] xf eL ef/ t d] + ls;L sLdt k/ ljjfx s/ gf gxL+ rfxtL x} . pgsf dfggf x} ls ef/ t s] nf] u abdfz xf] t] x} . zfbL s/ lstgf] + n8Þlsof] + sf] a] r lbof uof x} . pgsL lhGbuL a8] Þ zx/ sL j] Zofno d] + gs{ ;dfg x} . n8Þlsof] + sf] df/ f kL6f hftf x} . jx sxtL x} – 3/ ] n" lx+;f eL g] kfn sL t'ngf d] + ef/ t d] + Hofbf xf] / xL x} cf} / p;] kl/ jf/ cf} / ;dfh k|>o b] / xf x} .

j} ;] tf] x/ cfbdL sf ckgf cg'ej xf] tf x} cf} / cg'ej s] cfwf/ k/ xL jx wf/ 0ff lgdf{0f s/ tf x} . sf7df+8" s] clgn kf08] sxt] x} +– kxn] sL t'ngf d] + g] kfn cf} / ef/ t s] aLr ljjfx ;+aGw d] + sdL cfO{ x} lh;sf Ps a8f sf/ 0f x} hLjg z} nL . g] kfn s] dWod juL{o kl/ jf/ sf clwsf+z

l/ Ztf ef/ t sL laxf/ cf} / pQ/ k|b] z d] + x} . g] kfn sL n8lsof] + sL ;f] r x} hf] : jtGqf jx oxfF pkef] u s/ / xL x} jf] : jtGqtf jxfF gxL+ s/ kfo] uL . Zffob O;lnP eL jx ef/ t d] + ljjfx s/ gf gxL+ rfxtL x} .

sf/ 0f cg] s x} +, n] lsg Ps aft tf] ;RrL x} ls ljjfx tf] ;Dks{ a9Þfg] sf Ps dfWod eL x} . n] lsg ha cfk k/ ] zfg xf] + p; ;do cfksf kl/ jf/ cfks] ;fy gxL+ . k"gd sf sxgf x} ls zfbL ax't ;f] r ;dem s/ s/ gL rflxP . ljjfx ;] s] jn bf] nf] uf] + sf gxL+ j/ g bf] kl/ jf/ f] + sf eL ;+a+w agtf x} . cf} / zfbL sf tf] dtna xL xf] tf x} ;'v b'v d] + ;fy / xgf . k"gd sxtL x} –n] lsg b"/ L s] sf/ 0f v'zL cf} / ud sf] O{ eL cj: yf d] + kl/ jf/ jfn] ;fy gxL+ / x] +u] tf] lkm/ P] ;L zfbL sf Sof dtna .

j} ;] tf] ljjfx Ps kljq a+wg x} hf] hxfF lh; xfn d] + lh;;] lnvf xf] tf x} , p;L ;] xf] uf . ;fy xL ox eL dfgf uof x} ls ox a+wg O+;fg s] af+wg] ;] g tf] af+wf hf ;stf x} g xL ls;L s] tf] 8Þg] ;] 6"6tf x} . .

;do abnf ;f] r abnL, n8s] s] ;fy ;fy n8ÞlsofF eL lzlIft xf] uoL x} . jf] ;a s'5 : jo+ s/ gf rfxtL x} , O{Zj/ s] agfo] O; hf] 8ÞL sf] eL ckgL OR5fg';f/ hf] 8Þgf rfxtf x} tf] Sof ;+ej x} o] < lll

l/kf]6{


ljrf/

Ps af/ Ps sfo{qmd d] + g] kfn s] lnP Ps k"j{ / fhb"t ;] d] / f k|Zg

yf, …;fxa, g] kfn s] s'5 kxf8ÞL nf] u s] dg d] + ef/ t s] lnP sxL g sxL ljif e/ f k8Þf x} +, hals dw] zL nf] u ef/ t s] z'elr+ts / x] x} + lkm/ eL ef/ t ;/sf/ xd] zf kxf8ÞL nf] uf] cf} / pg sL ;Qf sf] taHhf] b] tL cfO{ x} , d} + ;demtf x"F ef/ t P] ;f O;lnP s/ tf x} + Sof] +ls ef/ t sf] ckgL cf+tl/ s ;'/ Iff sL lr+tf x} +, hf] sL hfoh eL x} , n] lsg dfg nLlho] ls ef/ t s] O; / a} o] ;] lg/ fz dw] zL hgtf ef/ t s] z'elr+ts g / x] tf] Sof ef/ t sL cf+tl/ s ;'/ Iff k/ O; sf k|efj gxL+ k8Þ] uf < d] / ] k|Zg s] hafa d] + pGxf] +g] gxL+ dfgf sL g] kfn sL ;/ sf/ of kxf8ÞL ;d'bfo d] + sf] O{ ef/ t lj/ f] wL x} + | d} + r'k xf] uof . aft jxL vTd xf] uO{ . nueu p; 36gf s] # dxLg] afb xL ef/ tLo k|wfgd+qL g/ ] +b| df] bL s] hgsk'/ e|d0f ;] ;Da+lwt 36gfqmd sf] b] v s] c+bfhf nufgf a] xb cf;fg x} ls g] kfn sL v;jfbL ;+rf/ dfWod cf} / g] kfnL ;/ sf/ s] dg d] + ef/ t s] lnP Sof efjgf x} + <

ca cft] x} + g] kfn s] k/ Dk/ fut zf;g s] ef/ t k|lt s] / a} o] sf Ps ;+lIfKt ljZn] if0f sL t/ km ax't lbg gxL+ x'P ha ls Ps ef/ tLo / fhb"t s] pmk/ g] kfn s] kxf8ÞL If] q d] + h'tf p5fnf uof . jx 36gf cu/ d} + dfg eL nF" ls s'5 ljlIfKt dfgl;stf jfn] nf] uf] + sf sfd x} + tf] d'em] ox ;dem d] + gxL+ cftf x} + ls ef/ t g] kfn s] aLr s] km'6af‘n d} r d] + ef/ t s] xf/ g] s] afb k"/ f : 6] l8od s} ;] ef/ t lj/ f] wL Pj+ / +ue] bL gf/ f] + ;] u"+hg] nutf x} +, Sof P] ;] 36gf sf] ef/ t lj/ f] wL gxL+ dfgtL ef/ t

sL ;/ sf/ cf} / jxf+ s] nf] u <s'5 ;fn kxn] lqe'jg ljZjljBfno

s] d} bfg d] + Ps lqms] 6 sf d} r b] vg] sf] ldnf ef/ t -cG8/ !(_ cf} / g] kfn -cG8/ !(_ s] aLr, ha ef/ t p; d} r sf] hLt uof tf] jxf+ ef/ tLo ;dy{s s] xfy ;] lt/ +uf 5Lg s] hdL+ k/ nftf] tn] / u8Þg] sL 36gf lgZro xL v] n efjgf s] ljk/ Lt yL cf} / cjZo xL ef/ t s] lnP ;Ddfg sf efj gxL+ yf p; 36gf d] + .

g] kfn s] lqe'jg ljdfg: yn ;] ef/ tLo ljdfg sf cf;fgL ;] ckx/ 0f xf] hftf x} +, Sof ox dfgf hfo] sL p; 36gf d] + lh; ls;L g] kfnL clwsf/ L g] dbb sL xf] uL Sof jx l;km{ k} ;] s] lnP xf] uf <

@))) d] + x'P Clts / f] zg sf+8 d] + lhg ef/ tLof] + Pj+ dw] zLof] + s] pmk/ ;f+3flts cfqmd0f lso] uP jx eL ef/ t lj/ f] wL gxL+ yf < cfo] lbg g] kfn s] / fi6«jfbL kq klqsf d] + ef/ tLo lj: tf/ afb d'b{fafb sx s] hf] k|f] k] u+8f rnfof hftf x} + jx eL Sof Ps ldq / fi6« s] wd{ sf lx: ;f x} + < g] kfn d] + ef/ t cf} / g] kfn s] aLr !(%) sL ;+lw s] * gjDa/ s] k|fjwfg sf] cfwf/ agf s] a[xQ/ g] kfn s] kIf d] + cf+bf] ng rnfof hftf x} +, Sof ox eL ef/ t lj/ f] wL gxL+ x} + < g] kfn s] x/ If] q, x/ df] r{] k/ ef/ tLof] + ;] ;dfgtf Pj+ ;dLKotf / vg] s] sf/ 0f dw] lzof] + s] ;fy hf] b'Jo{jxf/ lsof hftf x} +, Sof jx eL ef/ t s] ;fy g] kfnL ;Qf cf} / p; s] k'hf/ L s] åf/ f ;b\efj lbvfg] s] lnP lsof hftf x} + <

!*%& s] l;kfxL lj›f] x sf] bafg] s] lnP g] kfn s] ;] gf s] åf/ f lsof uof aa{/ sfo{ ef/ tLof] + sf] ofb gxL+ x} + < ox p;L

;d'bfo sL ;] gf yL lh; sf] v'z s/ g] s] lnP ef/ t hL hfg ;] nuL x'O{ x} + cf} / af] 8{] / k/ a;] ckg] : jhg dw] lzof] + s] ;fy ;f} t] nf JoJxf/ s/ / xL x} + . cfh ef/ t s] / a} o] ;] af‘8{/ k/ a;] dw] zL sf] af‘8{/ k/ s] ckg] : jhgf] ;] ldng] d] + k/ ] zfgL xf] tL x} + . | ef/ t cf} / dw] z s] P] ltxfl;s Pj+ ;f+: s[lts ;DaGwf] sf] tf] 8Þg] sf e/ k"/ k|of; lsof hf / xf x} +, Sof ef/ t Og 36gfqmdf] sf] ;fwf/ 0f k|lqmof dfgtf x} + <

ca b] vf hfo] ceL xfn d] + 3l6t 36gf sf] , O; d] + sf] O{ bf] / fo gxL+ x} + ls dw] z sL hgtf ef/ t sf] ckgf dfgtL x} +, alNs d} + ox sx"Fuf ls dha"/ L d] + g] kfnL gful/ stf sf] 9f] g] s] lnP dha"/ clwsf+z dw] zL s] dg d] + sf7df+8" ;] sxL clws >4f gO{ lbNnL ;] x} , lh; sf] d} + unt gxL+ dfgtf, ef/ tLo k|wfgd+qL lhgsL nueu k"/ L b'lgof d] + rr{f x} +, dw] z s] lnP eL Ps cfzf sL ls/ 0f x} + . >L g/ ] +› df] bL sf hgsk'/ e|d0f sO{ dfogf] ;] vf; xf] gf : jfefljs x} + . dw] lzof] + sf ox dfggf x} + ls cu/ df] bL hgsk'/ cft] x} + tf] hgsk'/ Pj+ dw] z sf c+t/ {fi6«Lo d+r k/ Ps goL kxrfg ag] uL, oxfF s] ko{6g sf] Ps dha"t ;dy{g ldn] uf, ;fy d] + df] bL s] cfudg ;] cfly{s k|ult eL xf] g] sL ;Defjgf a9Þ] uL . hgsk'/ sL hgtf Og ;a cffzcf] + s] ;fy >L df] bL s] : jfut s] lnP cft'/ yL n] lsg xd] zf sL t/ x / f: tf sf / f] 8Þf agL dw] z Pj+ ef/ t lj/ f] wL g] kfn sL ;f+k|bflos ;/ sf/ Pj+ dLl8of . lkm/ Sof x'cf ox ;asf] ktf x} . O;s] afjh"b cu/ ef/ t sf ghl/ of gxL+ abntf x} tf] dw] z sf] ckgf ghl/ of abngf xf] uf . lll

g]kfn sL ;f]r cf}/ ef/t sf /j}of

;'lht s'df/ 7fs'/

g] kfn d] + ef/ t cf} / g] kfn s] aLr s] !(%) sL ;+lw s] * gDa/ s] k|fjwfg sf] cfwf/ agf s] a[xQ/ g] kfn s] kIf d] + cf+bf] ng rnfof hftf x} +, Sof ox eL ef/ t lj/ f] wL gxL+ x} + < g] kfn s]

x/ If] q, x/ df] r{] k/ ef/ tLof] + ;] ;dfgtf Pj+ ;dLKotf / vg] s] sf/ 0f dw] zLof] + s] ;fy hf] b'j{\ojxf/ lsof hftf x} +, Sof jx eL ef/ t s] ;fy g] kfnL ;Qf cf} / p; s] k'hf/ L s] åf/ f ;b\efj

lbvfg] s] lnP lsof hftf x} + <


) lhDd] jf/ L ax't dxŒjk"0f{ x} , n] lsg cfk lh; bn sf k|ltlglwTj s/ / xL x} +, jx ax't 5f] 6L x} . s} ;f cg'ej s/ / xL x} + cfk <

– ;a;] a8ÞL aft tf] kf6L{ sf] O{ 5f] 6L of a8ÞL gxL+ xf] tL . x/ ljrf/ sL ckgL cxldot xf] tL x} . ;+Vof s] lx;fa ;] ;+ljwfg;ef d] + 5f] 6f bn xf] g] s] afah"b d} + ckg] ljrf/ sf] lagf lxrs / v b] tL x"F . tLg bzs sL / fhgLlts ofqf s] afb Ps d'sfd k/ kx'FrL x"F, cR5f tf] nu xL / xf x} .) ;+ljwfg lgdf{0f d] + cfksL Sof e"ldsf x} <

– ;+ljwfg tf] / fi6« sf d] ?b08 xf] tf x} cf} / d} + eL rfxtL x"F lhtgf hNbL xf] ;stf x} ;+ljwfg cfo] . Ps P] ;f ;+ljwfg hf] ;eL sf xf] . lh;d] + x/ gful/ s sf] ;dfg clwsf/ ldnf xf] . O;s] lnP ckgL t/ km ;] d} + eL k|of;/ t x"F .) cfksL efjgf sf] a8Þ] bn s} ;] n] t] x} + <

– d} g] kxn] eL sxf ls sf] O{ bn a8Þf of 5f] 6f gxL+ . ;+Vof ;] eL Hofbf ox b] vf hftf x} ls bn s] g] tfu0f sfd s} ;] s/ / x] x} + . xfF, ;+ljwfg;ef d] + ;+Vof sL aft sL hfo tf] s'5 bn s] kf; Hofbf ;+Vof x} cf} / ;+Vof sf nfe n] t] x'P j] nf] u a8ÞL–a8ÞL aft s/ t] x} + . jf] d'em] tjHhf] b] + g b] +, d'em] ckgf sfd s/ gf x} cf} / d} + x/ xfn d] + s¿FuL xL . d'em] sf] O{ kms{ gxL+ k8Þtf ls a8Þ] bn s] nf] u d] / L efjgf sf] s} ;] n] t] x} + .) ca ox atfOo] ls l;km{ 8] 9 Þ dxLgf af+sL x} , df3 * cfg] d] +] , Sof hgtf sf] gof ;+ljwfg ldn] uf <

– df3– * d] + xL ;+ljwfg cfo] O;s] lnP ;eL bn cf} / ;eL g] tf k|of;/ t x} + . n] lsg s'5 bn s] x7 s] sf/ 0f ax't ;L aftf] + d] + ;xdlt gxL+ ag kfoL x} . P] ;] d+] d'em] gxL+ nutf x} hgtf sf] ;do d] + ;+ljwfg ldn kfPuf .) df3 * d] + ;+ljwfg gxL+ cftf x} tf] O;s] lnP sf} g lhDd] jf/ x} <

– o] tf] ls;L ;] gxL+ l5kf x} ls ckg] cfksf] a8] Þ bn sxg] jfn] s'5 g] tf JolStut : jfy{ s] sf/ 0f ;xdlt xf] g] gxL+ b] / x] x} + . j] nf] u afx/ s'5 af] nt] x} + n] lsg cGb/ ;] j] ;+ljwfg agfg] s] kIf d] + gxL+ x} + . cu/ ;+ljwfg gxL+ ldnf tf] O;s] lnP k"/ L t/ x ;] a8Þ] bn s] g] tf xL lhDd] jf/ xf] +u] .) ca s'5 aft] + b] z sL dlxnfcf] + s] af/ ] d] +, tf] OgsL cj: yf sf] n] s/ cfk Sof ;f] rtL x} + <

– g] kfn d] + dlxnfcf] + sf] ;lbof] + ;] baf s/ / vf uof x} . rf/ bLjf/ L ;] afx/ cfg] d] + ;do tf] nu] uf xL . lk5n] s'5 bzs ;] dlxnf afx/ cfg] nuL x} + n] lsg Otgf xL kof{Kt gxL+ . Hofbf ;] Hofbf dlxnfcf] + sf] afx/ cfgf xf] uf . teL hfs/ dlxnfcf] + sL l: ylt d] + kl/ jt{g xf] uf . dlxnf sL cj: yf ceL eL bogLo xL x} .) cfkg] sxf ls cj: yf ceL eL bogLo x} tf] O;sL h8 Þ Sof x} <

– ;a;] a8f sf/ 0f tf] clzIff xL x} . lzIff dg'io sf] r] tgf b] tL x} cf} / r] tgzLn xf] g] s] afb nf] uf] + d] + cfTdljZjf; cftf x} . O;lnP lzIff k/ xL hf] / b] gf xf] uf . ) cR5f cfk tf] dw] z ;] x} + p;d] + eL ;Kt/ L ;] tf] jxfF sL

dlxnfcf] + sL cj: yf s} ;L x} <– ax't v/ fa, 3/ ] n" lx+;f lbg–a–lbg a9ÞtL xL hf / xL x} + .

dlxnfcf] + s] ;fy of} g b'Jo{jxf/ a9Þ uof x} n] lsg 3/ cf} / ;dfh s] 8Þ/ s] sf/ 0f jf] af] n gxL+ kf / xL x} + . ufFj sL l: ylt tf] cf} / eL eofjx x} .) ca tf] cfk Ps hux k/ x} + hxfF ;] cfk rfx] + tf] ax't s'5 s/ ;stL x} + . tf] ceL ts cfkg] O; ;d: of s] ;dfwfg s] lnP Sof lsof x} <

–;a;] kxn] tf] cfjZos x} cfjfh p7fgf cf} / d} + lg/ Gt/ dlxnfcf] + s] lnP cfjfh p7ftL / xL x"F . d} + tf] sxtL x"F ls cu/ b] z sf k|wfgd+qL k'?if x} tf] pk k|wfgd+qL dlxnf sf] cf} / u/ hf] / fi6«klt k'?if xf] tf] pk/ fi6«klt dlxnf sf] xf] gf rflxP .) dw] zL dlxnf sL cj: yf sf] ;'b[9Þ agfg] s] lnP cfufdL of] hgf Sof x} <

– j} ;] tf] z'? ;] xL d} + dlxnfcf] + s] k|lt u+eL/ / xL x"F cf} / d'em] o] eL nutf x} ls ckgL hux sL dlxnfcf] + sL ;d: of sf] lhtg] cR5] t/ Ls] ;] d} + ;dem ;stL x"F ptgf cf} / sf] O{ gxL+ . ljsf; sL of] hgfcf] + k/ sfd s/ gf rfxtL x"F cf} / O;s] lnP ;bg d] + ckgL aft / v / xL x"F . dlxnfcf] + sL ;d: of x} – bx] h, gful/ stf, 8fog s] gfd k/ cTofrf/ , afn ljjfx, ax'ljjfx cflb . O;s] lj?4 hf] / bf/ t/ Ls] ;] nugf rfxtL x"F . n] lsg ceL ;+ljwfg lgdf{0f k|lqmof d] + ;f/ f b] z nuf x'cf x} , O;lnP d] / f eL Hofbf Wofg ;+ljwfg lgdf{0f sL t/ km xL x} . lll

cfwf cfsfz–k"/L p8Þfg

/ fhlj/ fh gu/ kflnsf jf8{ gDa/ – * sL ldlynf rf} w/ L ljut tL; ;fn ;] / fhgLlt ;] h'8 ÞL x'O{ x} + . n] lsg j] lh; kf6L{ ;] cfa4 x} +, jx cfsf/ d] + ax't 5f] 6L x} . zfob O;lnP jx seL rrf{ d] + eL gxL+ / xL+ . vf;s/ dw] z d] + x'P cfGbf] ng s] afb dw] z s] ax't ;] g] tf kf6L{ abn s/ dw] zjfbL bn d] + zfldn x'P . n] lsg ldlynf rf} w/ L sf ljZjf; gxL+ 8udufof . jx tf] klt s] ;fy s+w] ;] s+wf ldnfs/ rntL / xL+ . ;+ljwfg;ef s] b";/ ] lgjf{rg d] + pgsL kf6L{ g] kfn sDo'lgi6 kf6L{ -;+o'St_ g] pgsf] ;dfg'kflts sL cf] / ;] ;ef;b\ s] lnP rog lsof cf} / ef/ t dw'agL sL a] 6L kxF'+r uoL ;+ljwfg ;ef ejg ts . Ps nDaL ofqf s] afb cfh jf] O; d'sfd k/ kx'FrL x} + . pgsL tLg bzs nDaL / fhgLlts ofqf s] ;+a+w d] + lxdflngL k|ltlglw s~rgf emf ;] x'O{ aftrLt s] s'5 c+z –

rf/ bLjf/ L ;] afx/ cfg] d] + ;do tf] nu] uf xL


: j/ fh lgdf{0f sf Ps ;Rrf qmflGtsf/ L . g] kfnL zf;s juf{] +

;] d'lQm kfg] sL Ps k|lt1f . u'nfdL gxL+ …ckgL ld§L k/ ckgf clwsf/ Ú sL Ps a'nGb cfjfh x} – 8f= ;L=s] / fpt .

lh;sf sn ts sf] O{ gfd eL hfgtf gxL+ yf p;sL cfh x/ uf+j–zx/ , b] z cf} / ljb] zf] + d] + eL Jofks rrf{ x} . Otgf xL gxL+ 8f= / fpt s] JolQmTj s] af/ ] d] + hfgg] s] lnP nf] uf] + d] + Ps pT;'stf eL lbvfO{ k8ÞtL x} . 8f= / fpt cd] l/ sf d+] j} 1flgs / x r's] x} + . cf} / s/ La bf] ;fn ;] zflGtk"0f{ ¿k d] + : jtGq dw] z sf cleofg rnft] cf / x] x+} . dw] z s] ;fy xf] / x] bdg sf] h8Þ ;] x6fg] s] lnP pGxf] g] ;+3if{ s/ gf z'¿ lsof .

8f= ;L=s] / fpt g] ha ;+j} wflgs–/ fhg} lts ;ldlt tyf ;xdlt s] cWoIf 8f= afa'/ fd e§/ fO{ sf] / fHo ;] cnu xf] g] sf clwsf/ -/ fO{6;\ 6' ;] k|] ;g_ sL df+u ;+ljwfg d] + ;'lglZrt s/ g] sf ;'emfj lbof ta ;] ;/ sf/ sf] ;/ bb{ z'? xf] uof . ;/ sf/ g] 8f= / fpt sf kL5f s/ gf eL z'? lsof . O; s] afb cflv/ bf] ÷tLg lbg d] + xL df] / ª, / +u] nL gu/ kflnsf # ;] zfd ;jf & ah] bf] ufl8of] + d] + cfO{ k'ln; g]

pGx] lu/ ̂tf/ s/ lnof . k'ln; lx/ f;t d] + cfg] s] afb pg sL l/ xfO{ sL hf] / bf/ df+u kqsf/ , dfgjclwsf/ sdL{, gful/ s ;dfh g] s/ gf z'? lsof . ;/ sf/ g] + / fhb|f] x sL ;hf ts sL aft p7fO{ . n] lsg / fpt s] ;dy{sf+] g] dw] z s] ljleGg If] qf] + d] + pgsL l/ xfO{ s] lnP k|bz{g lsof . cbfnt s] cfb] zfg';f/ / fpt sf] h] n rfnfg s/ lbof uof . 8f= / fpt tLg dxLgf h] n d] + / x] . 8f= / fpt cf} / pgs] ;dy{s gxL+ 3a/ fP, w} o{ s] ;fy ckg] d'b\b] k/ 86] / x] .

8f= / fpt ckgL OR5f ;] dfu{ * ut] ljz] if cbfnt ;] hdfgt k/ l/ xf x'P cf} / pGxf] g] dfu{ !) ut] 6+'l8v] n d] + cfd;ef cfof] lht s/ g] sf lg0f{o lnof . p;L s]

ljgo s'df/

txt ckg] ;dy{sf] + s] ;fy 6'+l8v] n d] k|j] z s/ t] ;do 8f= / fpt sf] lkm/ ;] k'ln; g] lu/ ̂tf/ s/ lnof . rf+} sfg] jfnL aft ox yL ls dw] zL r] x/ ] ;] ldnt] h'nt] r] x/ ] g] xL dw] zL sf] lu/ ̂tf/ lsof yf . O; ;] ;/ sf/ sL r/ d / +ue] bL gLlt eL : ki6 xf] tL x} . k'ln; lx/ f;t d] + / fpt s] ;fy y8{ l8u|L sf Jojxf/ eL lsof uof, P] ;f ;'gg] d] + cfof . O;L l;nl;n] d] + OGhLlgo/ bLks ;fx sf ckx/ 0f x'cf cf} / pGx] + 8/ fof wdsfof uof, tyf zflGtk"0f{ hd36 s/ t] ;do k'ln; åf/ f nf7L rfh{ eL lsof uof . ;fy xL ldlyn] z ;xgL, uug d+8n, k|sfz kf;jfg, kKk' ofbj, wd{nfn / fo, a|Dxb] j O{z/ , rGbg l;+x cf} /

k"j{ ;ef;b dx] z ofbj s] ;fy b'Jo{jxf/ eL lsof uof . O; 36gf sL : jtGq dw] z u7aGwg g] + 3f] / eT;{gf eL sL .

8f= ;L=s] / fpt sf ;fs{ lzv/ ;Dd] ng s] ;do cfd;ef s/ gf Sof plrt yf < 8f= / fpt g] ckg] k|rf/ s] lnP cfd;ef sf cfXjfg lsof yf, xf] ;stf x} / fpt sL P] ;L OR5f xf] ls O; cfd;ef ;] d] / L cR5L k|rf/ afhL xf] hfPuL . cf7 / fi6«f] + s] d] xdfg / fi6«fWoIf s] aLr ckg] ;dy{sf] + s] ;fy 6+'l8v] n d] + efif0f b] gf cg} lts sfo{ eL x} P] ;f ljZn] if0f afx/ cfof yf . n] lsg : jtGq dw] z åf/ f hf/ L k|] ; lj1lKt d] + dw] z cf} / dw] zL s] pmk/ ;lbof] + ;] g] kfnL / fHoåf/ f

nfbf uof cf} klgj] lzs zf] if0faf/ ] hfgsf/ L b] gf cf} / dw] z cf} / dw] lzof] + sf] cf} klgj] zLs/ 0f ;] afx/ nfs/ : jtGqtf lbnfg] sL aft : ki6 lnvL uO{ x} . P] ;f cf/ f] k dw] z s] lxt g rfxg] jfn] ,

cleofg sf] abgfd s/ g] s] ds;b ;] nufof uof x} . du/ Ps cleofgstf{ g] O; cf/ f] k sf v08g lsof .

O;s] afb 8f= / fpt g] dfu{ !^ ut] hgsk'/ s] hfgsL dlGb/ s] k|fË0f d] + Ps ;ef sf cfof] hg s/ gf rfxf lh;] k'ln; åf/ f lg: t] h lsP hfg] k/ eL p;L hux s] cf;kf; ;ef sf cfof] hg lsof uof hf] k"0f{ ¿k ;] ;kmn / xf . pgsf ;dy{g eL Jofks ?k ;] b] vf uof . Ps aft tf] ;fkm lbvfO{ b] tL x} ls / fpt sf] lu/ ̂tf/ s/ ;/ sf/ k5tf / xL x} . Sof] +ls pgs] ;dy{s lbg–a– lbg a9Þt] hf / x] x} + . : jtGq dw] z sL cfjfh cf} / eL t] h xf] g] nuL x} .

dw] zL a'l4hLljof] + sf sxgf x} – / fpt sf] rdst] b] vs/ dw] zL g] tfcf] + sf] eL r} g sL gL+b gxL cf / xL . Sof] +ls dw] zL g] tf lh; d'b\b] sf] n] s/ ;bg d+] uP y] p;] pg nf] uf] + g] e'nf lbof . j] JolQmut nfe s] rSs/ d] + pnem uP . cfh dw] zL hgtf g] g] tfcf] + k/ ljZjf; s/ gf 5f] 8Þ lbof x} . cu/ dw] zL g] tf O{dfgbf/ L s] ;fy dw] z s] xs–clwsf/ s] lnP n8Þt] tf] / fpt sf hGd xL gxL+ xf] tf . h] n ;] l/ xf xf] g] s] afb 8f=/ fpt : jtGq ?k ;] ljleGg lhn] d] + ;ef–;df/ f] x ;kmntf s] ;fy ;DkGg s/ / x] x} + . : jtGq dw] z s] cleofg d] + dw] zL o'jf, dlxnf, ls;fg cf} / a'l4hLljof] + sL Jofks ;xeflutf b] vL hf / xL x} . cGt d] + ;/ sf/ cf} / kxfl8Þof] + sf Ps ju{ / fpt sf] / fi6«b|f] xL b] vtf x} tf] dw] z d] + dw] zL o'jf Pj+ hgtf sf] / fpt d] + dw] z sf Ps d;Lxf gh/ cftf x} . jL/ dw] zL sf gf/ f n] s/ rng] jfn] / fpt cfu] Sof Sof s/ t] x} + jf] b] vgf jf+sL x} . lll

;/ sf/ cf} / kxfl8 Þof] + sf Ps ju{ / fpt sf] / fi6«b|f] xL b] vtf x} tf] dw] z d] + dw] zL o'jf Pj+ hgtf sf] / fpt d] + dw] z sf

Ps d;Lxf gh/ cftf x} .

rrf{


wd{

g] kf n ;/ sf / ;"rgf tyf ;~rf / dGqf no

;"rgf l jef u

cGwljZjf;, s'/Lltdf nfUbf

hLjgdf cfOkg]{ b'ikl/0ffdaf/]

hfg;fwf/0fnfO{ ;r]t / lzlIft

agfpg c;n gful/sx¿ cu|;/

eO{ dfu{ lgb]{zg ug'{kb{5 .


t:jL/]+

ef/tLo b"tfjf; Pj+ jLkL sf]O/fnf ef/t–g]kfn kmfp08]zg åf/f cfof]lht …Ps zfd kl08t h;/fh s] ;fyÚ ;f+uLlts sfo{qmd d]+ g]kfn s] /fi6«klt 8f= /fdj/0f ofbj, ef/tLo /fhb"t /+lht /] s] ;fy kb\de"if0f kl08t h;/fh cf}/ pg sL ;f+uLlts 6f]nL .

ef/tLo b"tfjf; Pj+ jLkL sf]O/fnf ef/t–g]kfn kmfp08]zg åf/f cfof]lht @!j]+ EjfO;]; sfo{qmd d]+ ef/tLo lkmNd pBf]u s] k|l;4 cleg]qL ;Ldf ljZjf; cf}/ ;'lidtf d'vhL{ s] ;fy kmfpG8]zg s] ;lrj ceo s'df/ Pj+ g]kfnL lkmNdL gflosf sl/idf dfgGw/ .


k|sfz k|;fb pkfWofo÷/fhlj/fh

lqm;d; s] cfudg k/ xf] g] jfnL rxn–kxn, lul/ hf3/ f] + sL ;hfj6 cf} /

s} / f] n sL u"FhtL Wjlg s] ;fy xL b/ jfh] k/ gP jif{ sL b: ts ;'gfO{ k8Þg] nu hftL x} . nf] uf] + d] + Og pT;jf] + sf] dgfg] sf pT;fx b] vt] xL agtf x} . lqm;d;–6«L, lahnL s] 5f] 6] –5f] 6] aNa cf} / zfGTff Snf‘h ;] ;h] afhf/ f] + d] + gP–gP sf8f{] sL v/ Lbkm/ f] Vt ;] jftfj/ 0f pNnf;do xf] hftf x} . lqm;d; Ps wd{ljz] if sf kfjg kj{ x} tf] gof jif{ ljZj s] ;d: t hgf] + sf Ps xif{ cf} / pNnf; s] kj{ s] ¿k d] + k|s6 xf] tf x} . g] kfn h} ;] d'Ns d] + eL hxfF ;/ sf/ L sfdsfh cf} / b} lgs lqmofsnfkf] + d] + ljqmd ;+jt\ sf k|rng xf] tf x} , lu|u] l/ og s} n] 08/ s] cg';f/ cfg] jfnf ox kj{ a8Þ] xL pT;fx cf} / pNnf; s] ;fy dgfof hftf x} . lkm/ eL lu|u] l/ og s} n] 08/ sf k|rng eL ;dfg pT;fx s] ;fy xf] tf lbvtf x} .

lqm;d; kj{ s] s'5 xL lbgf] + kZrft\ cfg] jfnf gof jif{ sf pNnf; xd] + ofb lbnftL x} , bLkfjnL s] s'5 lbgf] + s] afb xL dgfO{ hfg] jfnL kfjg kj{ 57 s] cg'i7fg sL, lh;d] + Ps cf] / b] jL nIdL sL k"hf ;d: t lx+b" wdf{jnDaL s/ t] x} + cf} / bLkdflnsf s] ;fy 3/ 8\of] l9of] + sf] ;hft] x} + tf] b";/ L cf] / ;"of] {kf;gf s] ¿k d] + 57 kj{ ptg] xL pT;fx, wfld{s cf: yf cf} / elSTfefj s] ;fy dgfof hftf x} . O; cj;/ k/ tfnfaf] +, glbof] + cf} / ljleGg hnfzof] + d] + j|t s/ g] jfn] cf} / pgs] kl/ jf/ hgf] + sL pkl: ylt, bLkdflnsf cf} / k08fnf] + sL ;hfj6 tf] cnf} lss b[Zo xL pTkGg s/ tf x} . O; k|sf/ xd lu|uf] l/ g s} n] 08/ s] cg';f/ dgfP hfg] jfn] pko'{St bf] gf] + kjf] ++{ cf} / ljqmd ;+jt s] k~rf+u s] cg';f/ dgfP hfg] jfn] bLkfjnL cf} / 57 kjf] +{ sf] ljleGg cf: yfcf] + sL cleJolSt s] cltl/ St ljleGg wfld{s ;Dk|bfof] + cf} / ;dfh s] ljleGg juf] {+ sf] cfk;L : g] x, ;b\efj cf} / k|] d s] a+wg d] + hf] 8Þg] s] ;"qf] + s] ¿k d] + kft] x} + .

gP jif{ s] cfudg sf : jfut s/ g] sL k/ +k/ f klZrdL b] zf] + s] cnfjf Plzof cf} / clk|msf d] + eL k|rng d] + x} . rLg, hfkfg cf} / cGo af} 4 wdf{jnDaL b] zf] + d] + gP jif{ sf : jfut pgs] ckg] s} n] 08/ f] + s] cg';f/ xf] tf x} . g] kfn d] + ;/ sf/ L : t/ k/ gP jif{ sf k|f/ De ! hgj/ L sf] g xf] s/ ljqmd ;+jt\ s] cg';f/ !$ ck|} n sf] xf] tf x} . xfnfFls ljZjJofkLs/ 0f s] sf/ 0f g] kfnL hgtf hgj/ L

s] k"j{ ;+Wof ;] xL gP jif{ sf] c+sdfn s/ g] lgsn k8ÞtL x} . ef/ t d] + gP jif{ sf k|f/ De ! hgj/ L s] lbg ;] xf] tf x} . n] lsg a+ufn cf} / cf;fd / fHo sL hgtf !$ ck|} n sf] …g"tg jif{Ú s] ¿k d] + gP jif{ sf : jfut s/ tL x} . cf;fd sL hgtf tf] O; cj;/ sf] …lax"Ú s] ¿k d] + dgftL x} . dlxnfPF gP–gP kl/ wfgf] + d] + gfrufg s/ tL x} + cf} / z'esfdgfcf] + sf cfbfg k|bfg s/ tL x} + . ;dfg ¿k ;] blIf0f ef/ t s] / fHof] + ls hgtf sL eL ckgL dfGotf s] cg';f/ gP jif{ sf] dgfg] sL k/ +k/ f x} . lkm/ eL ef/ t s] ;eL / fHof] + sL hgtf lu|uf] l/ og s} n] 08/ s] cg';f/ dgfP hfg] jfn] gP jif{ sf] ;dfg pT;fx cf} / pNnf; s] ;fy dgftL x} . 3/ f] + d] + gP–gP s} n] 08/ f] + sf] n6sft] x} + .

O{: jL ;+jt s] s} n] 08/ sf] lu|uf] l/ og s} n] 08/ s] ¿k d] + hfgf hftf x} . Sof] +ls O; s} n] 08/ sf gfds/ 0f O6nL d] + hGd] O{;fO{ wd{ s] dxfg u'? -kf] k_ lu|uf] / L !# g] tTsfnLg s} n] 08/ d] + ;+zf] wg s/ g] sf sfd lsof yf . p;L ;do ;] ox s} n] 08/ lu|uf] l/ og s} n] 08/ s] ¿k d] ;'ljVoft x'cf .

k|frLg sfn s] / f] djf;L cTo+t wd{eL? y] . j] ljleGg b] jL–b] jtfcf] + cf} / e"t–k|] tf] + sf] dfgt] y] . pgsL ox eL dfGotf yL ls k|s[lt d] + ljBdfg e"t–k|] t dfgj hflt s] pmk/ ckgf k|efj 8Þfnt] x} + . ctM j] ljleGg wfld{s s[Tof] + d] + ;+nUg xf] t] y] . p; sfn d] + k|foM o'4 x'cf s/ tf yf . ctM j] o'4 cf} / Gofo s] lnP eL b] jL–b] jtfcf] + sL ljz] if ¿k ;] k"hf lsof s/ t] y] . h'lk6/ , df;{ cf} / lSjl/ ; pgsf] zLif{ lqd"lt{ofF yL+ . ckgL O;L dfGotf s] cfwf/ k/ O; s} n] 08/ d] + k8Þg] jfn] dxLg] cf} / lbgf] + sf gfds/ 0f ljleGg b] jL–b] jtfcf] + s] gfdf] + k/ sL uO{ . h} ;] hgj/ L, hf] jif{sf kxnf dxLgf x} , / f] dg b] jtf h] g; s] gfd k/ k8Þf . O;L k|sf/ b";/ f dxLgf km/ a/ L sf gfd km] a/ f ;] k8Þf . dfr{ dxLg] sf gfd / f] dgf] + s] o'4–b] jtf df;{ s] gfd k/ 8fnf uof . / f] dg b] jL d} o\of s] gfd k/ dO{ dxLg] sf gfds/ 0f x'cf . cGo / f] dg b] jL h"gf] +, hf] dlxnfcf] + sL / Ifs dfgL hftL x} , s] gfd k/ h"g dxLg] sf gfds/ 0f x'cf . O; k|sf/ clwsf+z dxLgf] + sf gfds/ 0f / f] dg b] jL–b] jtfcf] + s] gfd k/ lsP uP x} + tf] s'5 dxLgf] + sf gfd ;+Vofcf] + k/ eL cfwfl/ t kfP hft] x} + . h} ;] ;] K6] Da/ -lh;sf cy{ ;ft xf] tf x} _ . cS6"a/ -cyf{t cf7_, gf] j] Da/

-cyf{t gf} _ cf} / lb;Da/ -cyf{t b;_. n] lsg ha s} n08/ sf lgdf{0f lsof uof tf] Og dxLgf] + sL ;+Vof sf] s} n08/ d] + : yflkt s/ g] sL k[ys k|lqmof ckgfO{ uO{, lh;;] ;] K6] Da/ gf} +jf dxLgf x'cf tf] cS6"a/ !)jfF, gf] j] Da/ Uof/ xjfF cf} / lb;Da/ !@jfF dxLgf x'cf .

r"Fls ef/ t cg] s jiff] {+ ts la|6] g åf/ f zfl;t / xf cf} / jxfF sL ;/ sf/ O{;fO{ wd{ pGd'v yL, ctM ef/ t d] + pGxf] +g] lu|uf] l/ og s} n] 08/ sf] k|rlnt lsof . lqm: tfgL ;dfh d] + kf] k sf cTolws k|efj / xf x} .

gP jif{ s] cfudg k/ gP–gP s} n] 08/ f] ++ cf} / 8fol/ of] + sL v/ Lbkm/ f] Vt sL ;j{q cfjZotf dx;"; sL hftL x} . Sof] +ls s} n] 08/ ;] xd] + ljleGg dxLgf] + sL tf/ Lv xL gxL+ pg dxLgf] + d] + cfg] jfn] ljleGg tLh–Tof] xf/ f] + sL eL hfgsf/ L ldntL x} . oxL cfjZostf xd] + k'/ fg] s} n] 08/ f] + sf] bLjf/ f] + ;] x6fg] sf] ljjz s/ tL x} . s} n] 08/ tf] abn hft] x} + k/ pgd] + c+lst dxLgf] + s] qmd, tf/ Lvf] + cf} / lbgf] + sL ;+Vof d] + sf] O{ kl/ jt{g gxL+ ldnt] . h} ;] hgj/ L sf dxLgf #! lbg sf xf] tf x} tf] jif{ lbg s] !@ dxLg] oyfjt\ / xt] x} + . xfF olb kl/ jt{g lbvtf x} tf] O; jif{ s] hgj/ L dxLg] d] + k8Þg] jfnL kxnL tf/ Lv sf lbg sf lk5n] jif{ s] p;L dxLg] s] lbg d] + k8Þg] jfnL tf/ Lv s] lbg ;] leGg xf] gf .

ox P] ;f kl/ jt{g x} , hf] ;j{dfGo x} . O;L lnP tf] ;+;f/ e/ s] nf] u k'/ fg] ;fn s] kl/ jt{g k/ v'lzofF dgft] x'P sxt] x} + –gof jif{ z'e xf] , d+undo xf] of x} KkL Go" Oo/ . lll

; ': jfutd\ gof+ jif{gofF jif{


qmflGt sf /fu cfnfkt] ljKnj

nLnfgfy uf}td

g] kfn d] + ax't ;] / fhgLlts cfGbf] ng x'P . ))&, )$& cf} / )^@÷)^# d] +

x'P hgcfGbf] ng sf] 5f] 8Þ s/ / fhgLlt d] + sDo'lgi6 cfGbf] ng sf] n] s/ xL Hofbf rrf{ x'O{ x} . qmflGtsf/ L sDo'lgi6 kf6L{ sf u7g, ljb|f] x, ;z: q o'4, hgo'4 cflb zAb jiff+] { ;] g] kfnL / fhgLlt d] + ax; sf ljifo agf . P] ;L xL cj: yf d] + Ps cf} / ax; z'? x'O{ x} – g] qljqmd rGb …ljKnjÚ sf] n] s/ . pGxf] +g] xfn xL d] + gof sDo'lgi6 kf6L{ sf u7g lsof x} . df] xg j} B g] t[Tj jfnf g] skf–dfcf] jfbL ;] cnu xf] s/ kf6L{ ;lrj rGb g] ckg] g] t[Tj d] + g] skf dfcf] jfbL gfds gO{ kf6L{ sf lgdf{0f lsof x} . pQm kf6L{ sL efjL sfo{lbzf s} ;L / x] uL < O;sf k"0f{ vfsf ceL ;fj{hlgs gxL+ x'cf . n] lsg g] kfn ls sDo'lgi6 / fhgLlt d] + pQm ;d"x sf] n] s/ rrf{ kl/ rrf{ t] h x'O{ x} .

sDo'lgi6 s] gfd d] + x'P emfkf cfGbf] ng s] afb ;a ;] Hofbf sDo'lgi6 cfGbf] ng sL rrf{ jt{dfg Pdfcf] jfbL cWoIf k'iksdn k|r08 s] g] t[Tj d] + ;DkGg b; jifL{o ;z: q o'4 sL xL x'O{

x} . lj=;+= @)%@ ;fn d] + …bL3{sfnLg hgo'4Ú gfd b] s/ z'? p; o'4 d] + xhf/ f] + g] ckgL hfg u+jfO{, nfvf] + lj: yflkt x'P . du/ pQm o'4 åf/ f hgtf sL hLjgz} nL sf] O{ vf; kl/ jt{g sxL+ eL gh/ gxL+ cfof . / fhgLlts b[li6sf] 0f ;] b] vf hfP tf]

p;L o'4 s] sf/ 0f s'5 kl/ jt{g eL cjZo x'P x} + . dfcf] jfbL cfGbf] ng sL ;dflKt s] ;fy–;fy ;DkGg )^@÷)^# sf b";/ f hgcfGbf] ng ;kmn xf] g] sL k[i7e"ld d] + b; jifL{o ;z: q o'4 sf xL k|efj / xf yf . b";/ ] hgcfGbf] ng sL k[i7e"ld d] + cu/ b; jifL{o o'4 gxL+ xf] tf tf] g] kfn ;] / fh;+: yf sf ljlwjt cGTo eL ;Dej gxL+ yf . O; ;Gbe{ d] + ax'tf] + sf sxgf x} ls ;fdGtL ;+: sf/ o'Qm / fh;+: yf sL ljbfO{ s] cnfjf O; o'4 g] g] kfnL hgtf sf] s'5 eL gxL+ lbof x} .

Otgf xf] t] x'P eL !@ ;"qLo a[xt zflGt ;Demf} tf åf/ f lx+;fTds / fhgLlt Tofu s/ zflGtk"0f{ / fhgLlt d] + kbflk{t dfcf] jfbL, lj=;+=

@)^$ ;fn d] + ;DkGg k|yd ;+ljwfg;ef lgjf{rg d] + ;a ;] a8ÞL kf6L{ s] ¿k d] + : yflkt x'O{ . n] lsg cfGtl/ s ¿k d] + Pdfcf] jfbL sdhf] / xf] tf hf / xf yf . lh;sL egs Pdfcf] jfbL g] t[Tj sf] gxL+ yL . lgjf{rg s] afb Pdfcf] jfbL

g] tTsfnLg Pstf s] Gb| s] ;fy kf6L{ PsLs/ 0f lsof . Pstf s] Gb| s] g] tfcf] + sf] x} l;ot ;] Hofbf xL dxTj b] s/ kbLo lhDd] bf/ L eL bL, hgo'4 d] + of] ubfg b] g] jfn] ax't dfcf] jfbL sfo{stf{ g] O; d] + c;Gt'li6 eL JoQm sL yL . lh;s] rnt] dfcf] jfbL d] + ckgf hLjg ;dk{0f s/ g] jfn] xhf/ f] + sfo{stf{ cj;/ ;] jl~rt x'P y] . Otgf xL gxL+, p;s] afb dfcf] jfbL o'4 s] d"n p2] Zo cf} / ljifoj: t' s] ljk/ Lt g] tfcf] + sL ultljlw lbvfO{ b] g] nuL . lstg] xL dfcf] jfbL g] tf g] sf7df+8" d] + 3/ cf} / hdLg v/ Lb lnof . / ftf] –/ ft g] tf nf] u s/ f] 8Þklt agt] hf / x] y] . n] lsg sfo{stf{ ckgL b} lgsL rnfg] s] lnP cf} / kl/ jfl/ s / f] hL/ f] 6L s] lnP vf8ÞL d'Nsf] + hfg] s] lnP afWo xf] t] hf / x] y] . dfcf] jfbL hgo'4 d] + ;lqmo of] ubfg b] g] jfn] xhf/ f] + n8fs" ceL eL ljb] z d] + ckgf k;Lgf axf / x] x} + . / fhgLlts qmflGt ;DkGg xf] t] x'P eL ;fdflhs cf} / cfly{s qmflGt sL cf] / dfcf] jfbL g] tfcf] + g] s'5 eL Wofg gxL+ lbof . lh;s] rnt] dfcf] jfbL s] k|lt cf: yfjfg cf} / cfzfjfg hgtf lg/ fz xf] g] nuL . b";/ L ;+ljwfg;ef d] + dfcf] jfbL sL zd{gfs xf/ s] lnP Ps dxTjk"0f{ sf/ 0f ox eL yf .

sDo'lgi6 s] Gb| s] gfd d] + b";/ L kf6L{ d] + cfj4 g] tf tyf sfo{stf{ sf] Pdfcf] jfbL g] ckgL kf6L{ d] + k|j] z hf/ L / vf . dfcf] jfbL d] + hLjg ;dk{0f s/ g] jfn] sfo{stf{ O;;] c;Gt'i6 y] . kf6L{ d] + Tofu, tk: of cf} / alnbfg b] g] jfn] sfo{stf{ sf] pk] lIft s/ t] x'P u'08fubL{, ckx/ 0f, lkm/ f} tL, 8s} tL, e|i6frf/ cflb sfo{ d] + lnKt cGo bnf] + ;] cfP x'P g] tf tyf sfo{stf{cf] sL dgdfgL kf6L{ d] + a9Þg] nuL .

ljKnj s] O; ljb|f] x sf] ;fdfGo atfg] jfn] eL x} . pg nfuf] + sf] ox aft ;demgf rflxP ls )%@ ;fn d] + ;z: q o'4 sL 3f] if0ff xf] t] jQm p; o'4 sf] eL ;fdfGo atfof hf / xf yf . ax'tf] + g] O;sf] xF;L–dhfs sf ljifo eL agfof yf . lh; s] kl/ 0ffd: j?k b] z sf] ] b; jifL{o

;z: q o'4 em] ngf k8 Þf yf .

/fhgLlt


/fhgLlt

Sof qmflGt ;kmn xf] ;stL x} <ljKnj g] ceL hf] ljb|f] x cf} / qmflGt sf

pb\3f] if lsof x} , pgs] p2] Zo s] cg';f/ p; qmflGt sf] kl/ 0ffdbfoL agfgf ptgf ;xh gxL+ x} . b] z s] eljio agfg] s] lnP s} ;f ;+ljwfg lgdf{0f xf] gf rflxP < O; aft sf] n] s/ ;Dk"0f{ / fhgLlts bn dfyf–kRrL s/ / x] x} + . cyf{t\ ;+ljwfg lgdf{0f k|lqmof hf/ L x} . P] ;L cj: yf d] + O; k|lqmof ;] efugf 7Ls gxL+ yf, O; aft sf] pGxf] +g] uDeL/ tf ;] gxL+ lnof . xfF, j] sDo'lgi6 ljrf/ wf/ f s] JolQm x} + . sDo'lgi6 l;4fGt cf} / bz{g s] cg';f/ b] z d] + zf;g Joj: yf : yflkt s/ gf pg sf p2] Zo xf] ;stf O;s] lnP qmflGt s/ gf xdf/ f p2] Zo x} , ljKnj P] ;f atf eL ;st] x} + . n] lsg O;s] lnP eL pko'Qm jftfj/ 0f cf} / k"jf{wf/ eL xf] gf h?/ L x} . ceL jx ljNs'n gxL+ x} . aft / xL ;z: q o'4 tyf qmflGt sL, ox eL pg s] g] t[Tj d] + ;Dej gxL+ x} , sDo'lgi6 ljrf/ wf/ f s] lgs6 / xg] jfn] xL P] ;f sxt] x} + .

k|ydtM ljKnj p; kL9ÞL s] g] tf x} +, hf] b; jifL{o ;z: q o'4 sf eL g] t[Tjstf{ y] . Ps xL kL9ÞL s] g] tf bf] af/ qmflGtsf/ L wf/ sf g] t[Tj gxL+ s/ ;st] x} +, ox dfGotf l;km{ g] kfn d] + xL gxL+, ljZjJofkL x} . ;fy d] + ox eL atfof hftf x} ls pgsf rl/ q eL P] ;f qmflGtsf/ L gxL+ x} , hf] g] t[Tj k|bfg s/ ;s] .

låtLotM cGt/ f{i6«Lo ;dy{g lagf sf] O{ eL / fhgLlts qmflGt ;kmn gxL+ xf] ;stL . cfGtl/ s ¿k d] + s'5 rrf{ xfl;n sL hf ;stL x} , n] lsg p;;] cGt/ f{i6«Lo dfGotf gxL+ ldn ;stL . b; jifL{o ;z: q o'4 sf

cGt eL s'5 P] ;] xL x'cf yf . !@ ;"qLo ;Demf} tf, tTsfnLg ;ft bnLo g] t[Tj d] + ;DkGg b";/ f hgcfGbf] ng cf} / dfcf] jfbL sf zflGtk"0f{ / fhgLlt d] + k|j] z, O; tYo sf] phfu/ s/ t] x} + .

O;L t/ x / fhgLlts qmflGt s] lnP o'jf kL9ÞL sf ;fy cf} / ;dy{g ;Vt h¿/ L xf] tf x} . xfn d] + hf] o'jf x} +, j] Ps af/ / fhgLlts cfGbf] ng d] + lx: ;f n] r's] x} + . / fhgLlts bnf] + s] xL sf/ 0f Og o'jf kL9ÞL d] + / fhgLlt s] k|lt ;sf/ fTds b[li6sf] 0f gxL+ ag kf / xf x} . b; jifL{o o'4, hgcfGbf] ng, dw] z cfGbf] ng, hghflt cfGbf] ng cflb sf] cR5L t/ x b] vg] cf} / ;demg] jfn] P] ;] o'jf ;demg] nu] x} ++ ls / fhgLlt Ps P] ;f Jofj;flos k] zf x} , hxfF e|i6, a] O{dfg cf} / g} ltstfljxLg JolQmof] + sf jr{: j / xtf x} . ljut s'5 jif{ s] / fhgLlts Oltxf; g] O; syg sf ;dy{g eL lsof x} . / fhgLltsdL{ s] lnP O;;] Hofbf b'ef{Uo cf} / zd{gfs aft Sof xf] ;stL x} < cfhsn s] o'jf g] kfn sL / fhgLlts qmflGt d] + ;xefuL xf] s/ ckgf hLjg aaf{b s/ g] ;] a] xt/ vf8ÞL d'Ns d] + hfs/ ckgL cf} / kl/ jf/ sf eljio agfgf rfxt] x} + .

;dfh d] + o'jfcf] ++ sf b";/ f hdft eL x} , hf] x/ bd km] za's, 6\jL6/ h} ;] ;fdflhs ;~hfn d] + ckgf ;do JotLt s/ t] x} + . Og nf] uf] + s] lnP / fhgLlts qmflGt cf} / cfGbf] ng asjf; sf ljifo dfgf hftf x} . b";/ L aft ;fdflhs ;~rfn tyf ;"rgf k|ljlw s] ljsf; s] sf/ 0f ;+;f/ ckg] a; d] + x} , P] ;f ;f] rg]

jfn] o'jf hdft sL ;+Vof a9ÞtL hf / xL x} . ox hdft / fhgLlts qmflGt gxL+, JolQmut cfly{s pGglt rfxtf x} . JolQmut cfly{s ;d[l4 s] lnP afws g] kfn sf / fhgLlts jftfj/ 0f x} , P] ;f pg nf] uf] + sf dfggf x} . O;LlnP P] ;] JolQm 8LeL s] dfWod ;] xf] of : 6'8] G6 le;f ;] , g] kfn d] + / xgf gxL+ rfxt] x} + . 8LeL cf} / : 6'8] G6 le;f d] + kx'Fr gxL+ / vg] jfn] o'jf, vf8ÞL d'Nsf] + d] + hf s/ rf} sLbf/ L s/ gf a] xt/ ;demt] x} + . ufFj d] + v] tL ls;fgf] s] lnP o'jf sf cefj, zx/ cf} / cf} Bf] lus If] q d] + bIf sfdbf/ sf cefj, O; aft sf pbfx/ 0f x} . P] ;L cj: yf d] + ljKnj sL qmflGt s] lnP s+wf ;] s+wf ldnf s/ ;fy b] g] jfn] o'jf lstg] xf] ;st] x} ++ <

Otgf xf] t] x'P eL g] kfnL ;dfh d] + ljKnj sf k|efj ljNs'n gxL+ x} , P] ;f ;demgf a8ÞL ef/ L e"n xf] ;stL x} . Sof] +ls ljKnj sL qmflGt s] d'2] d] + hg–hLljsf sf ;jfn eL h'8Þf x'cf x} . ljleGg sf/ 0f s] rnt] ljb] z hfg] s] lnP c;kmn cf} / / f] huf/ s] lnP : jb] z d] + xL e6sg] jfn] o'jf s'5 b] / s] lnP pgsL qmflGt s] k|lt cfslif{t xf] ;st] x} + . P] ;] o'jfcf] + s] dl: tis d] + lx+;fTds cfGbf] ng ;] xL qmflGt ;kmn xf] ;stL x} , P] ;f ljrf/ kmn–km"n ;stf x} . / fhgLlt s] k|lt ?lr / vg] jfn] , n] lsg jt{dfg / fhgLlts ultljlw ;] c;Gt'i6 JolQm ljKnj sf ;fy b] ;st] x} +, hf] jt{dfg ;Qfwfl/ of] + s] lnP eljio d] ++ dx+uf ;flat xf] ;stf x} . O;lnP Oltxf; ;] kf7 ;Lvgf h¿/ L x} .

lh;s] rnt] dfcf] jfbL, hgtf sL gh/ d] + lbgf] +–lbg gLr] lu/ t] uP . hftLo cf} / If] qLo gf/ f eL dfcf] jfbL sf] sdhf] / agf / xf yf . Ow/ Pdfcf] jfbL sf bDe cf} / e|d sd gxL+ xf] / xf yf . p;;] nu / xf ca jiff] {++ ts sf] O{ kf6L{ xd ;] nf] xf gxL+ n] ;stL . lh;s] rnt] kf6L{ sf d"n cl: tTj xL w/ fzfoL xf] g] nuf . lh; p2] Zo s] lnP kf6L{ g] b; jifL{o o'4 lsof yf, p; d] + cfj4 sfo{stf{ pk] lIft xf] g] nu] . O;L qmd d] + Pdfcf] jfbL d] + baL hjfg d] + ljb|f] x sf : j/ ;'gfO b] g] nuf . kxnL af/ dfcf] jfbL d] + dl0f yfkf cf} / / jLGb| >] i7 g] cf} krfl/ s ¿k d] + ljb|f] x lsof yf . ;+ljwfg;ef lgjf{rg ;DkGg xf] g] s] afb kxnL af/ dft[sf ofbj g] kf6L{ ;] ljb|f] x lsof . p;s] afb JolQmut ¿k d] + 5f] 6] –df] 6] ljb|f] x ax'tf] + g] lsof . lj=;+= @)^( ;fn d] + df] xg j} B s] g] t[Tj d] + hf] ljb|f] x x'cf, jx kf6L{ Oltxf; d] + xL ;a;] a8Þf ljb|f] x yf . lh;s] rnt] kf6L{ : ki6 ¿k d] + bf] 38Þ] d] +

ljeQm xf] uO{ . xfn df] xg j} B g] t[Tj d] + eL cf} krfl/ s ljefhg cfof x} . g] qljqmd rGb …ljKnjÚ g] kf6L{ ;] cnu xf] t] x'P sxf x} – Pdfcf] jfbL ;] ljefhg Sof] + xf] gf k8Þf < O;sf cf} lrTo k'li6 g] skf–dfcf] jfbL g] gxL+ lsof, gtLhtg goL kf6L{ agfg] s] cnfjf xdf/ ] kf; b";/ f sf] O{ ljsNk gxL+ yf

ljKnj s] O; ljb|f] x sf] ;fdfGo atfg] jfn] eL x} . pg nf] uf] + sf] ox aft ;demgf rflxP ls )%@ ;fn d] + ;z: q o'4 sL 3f] if0ff xf] t] jQm p; o'4 sf] eL ;fdfGo atfof hf / xf yf . ax'tf] + g] O;sf] xF;L–dhfs sf ljifo eL agfof yf . lh; s] kl/ 0ffd: j?k b] z sf] ] b; jifL{o ;z: q o'4 em] ngf k8Þf yf . O;LlnP xdf/ ] oxfF ;z: q o'4 tyf sDo'lgi6 cfGbf] ng hNb xL pmFrfO{ Sof] + n] tf x} < O; s] lj1fg s] af/ ] ljZn] if0f xf] gf cfjZos x} . ;fdfGotM O;sf ;xh cf} / 5f] 6f pQ/ x} – jiff] {+ ;] xf] / x] / fhgLlts pTkL8Þg cf} / cfly{s ¿k ;]

si6k"0f{ hLjg . xfF, hxfF hgtf / f] hL / f] 6L, kxrfg tyf cl: tTj s] lnP ckgf ;f/ f hLjg ck{0f s/ g] s] lnP afWo xf] t] x} +, jxfF qmflGt cf} / ljb|f] x ;do ;] kxn] xL p+mrfO{ n] tf x} . O;LlnP ljKnj åf/ f pb\3f] lift O; ljb|f] x sf] ;fdfGo sxs/ gh/ cGbfh s/ gf eljio s] lnP Hofbf vt/ gfs eL ;flat xf] ;stf x} .

b] z d] + ;+ljwfg lgdf{0f k|lqmof hf/ L x} . ;+ljwfg hgrfxgf cg';f/ aggf rflxP, O; aft sf] n] s/ eL ljKnj g] ljb|f] x lsof x} . pGxf] +g] jt{dfg ;+ljwfg;ef åf/ f hgtf s] kIf d] + ;+ljwfg gxL+ ag ;stf, P] ;f sxt] x'P ;+ljwfg;ef sf] xL vfl/ h s/ g] sL df+u sL x} . P] ;L cj: yf d] + cu/ ;r d] + xL ;+ljwfg g] hgrfxgf sf] ;Daf] wg gxL+ lsof tf] c;Gt'i6 hgtf ljKnj sL cf] / cfslif{t xf] ;st] x} +, O; aft sf] c: jLsf/ gxL+ lsof hf ;stf . O; cf] / ;+ljwfg lgdf{0fstf{ sf Wofg hfgf h¿/ L x} . lll


/fhgLlt

g] kfn s] klZrdL If] q d] + ljKnj sL ks8Þ cR5L xL x} . n] lsg k"jL{o If] q d] + ptgf k|efj gxL+ lbvfO b] tf . tTsfn pgs] ;fy s] Gb|Lo : t/ s] g] tf eL Hofbf gxL+ x} . n] lsg dfcf] jfbL o'4 d] + nug] jfn] s'5 o'jf kL9ÞL, k"j{ n8fs" cflb g] pgsf ;fy lbof x} . b] lvP– s'5 s] Gb|Lo g] tf tyf pgsL ki7e"ldM

O{Zj/ L bfxfnljKnj ;d"x

d] + ;a;] a'h'u{ g] tf O{Zj/ L bxfn pkm{ c;f/ ] sfsf x} + . c;f/ ] sfsf sf : yfoL lgjf; l;Gw'nL lhnf x} . jx dfcf] jfbL cfGbf] ng s] ;a;] k'/ fg] g] tf eL x} + . hgo'4sfn d] + pGxf] +g] kf6L{ sL t/ km ;] : jf: Yo ljefu sf g] t[Tj lsof yf . c;f/ ] sfsf : jR5 cf} / O{dfgbf/ 5lj s] ;fbuL k;Gb g] tf eL dfg] hft] x} + . n] lsg j] kf6L{ s] pRr kbf] + d] + seL gxL+ kx'Fr kfP .

v8\uaxfb'/ ljZjsdf{cf}/ ltns kl/of/

sflnsf] 6 s] : yfoL lgjf;L k"j{ ko{6g dGqL v8\uaxfb'/ ljZjsdf{ ljKnj ;d"x s] Ps ;zQm x: tL x} + . pg sf hGd )@% ;fn d] + x'cf yf . ceL j] kf6L{ s] k|jQmf eL x} + . ljZjsdf{ j} B dfcf] jfbL d] + kf] ln6Ao"/ f] ;b: o y] . go] ;d"x d] + kbLo lx;fa ;] j] ljKnj s] afb b";/ ] a8Þ] g] tf x} + . las g]

)$^ ;fn ;] / fhgLlts ofqf z'? lsof yf . pgsf kl/ jf/ , zxLb kl/ jf/ eL x} . hgo'4 sfn d] + pgs] bf] efOof] + g] zxfbt k|fKt sL yL . hgo'4 sfn d] + pGxf] +g] s0ff{nL If] q d] +

ckgL e"ldsf s'zntfk"j{s lgjf{x sL yL . s0ff{nL If] q ;] blnt ;d'bfo s] ¿k d] + pe/ g] jfn] / fi6«Lo g] tf s] ¿k d] + eL j] hfg] hft] x} + . ljZjsdf{ s] ;fy–;fy ltns kl/ of/ eL blnt ;d'bfo s] pRr tx s] g] tf dfg] hft] x} + . ljZjsdf{ tyf kl/ of/ bf] gf] + Pdfcf] jfbL d] + pRr tas] s] blnt g] tf dfg] hft] x} + .

wd] {Gb| jf: tf] nfdfcf] jfbL d] + ;zQm dfg] hfg] jfn]

b";/ ] g] tf x} – wd] {Gb| jf: tf] nf . j] ceL ljKnj ;d"x d] + cf uP x} + . dfcf] jfbL d] + / x s/ pGxf] +g] cGt/ f{i6«Lo ljefu d] + sfd

;fy b]g] jfn] sf} g–sf}g x} +<

g] qljqmd rGb pmkm{ ljKnj sf hGd / f] Nkf lhnf s] Ol/ jfª uflj;, s] a/ L ufFj d] + lj=;+= @)@$ ;fn kmfNu'g !! ut] x'cf yf . )$* ;fn d] + jx sDo'lgi6 kf6L{ s] k"0f{sfnLg ;b: o x'P y] . lj=;+= )$# ;fn d] + kf6L{ g] tf sfzL/ fd 3tL{ s] xfyf] + pGxf] +g] kf6L{ ;b: otf nL yL . )%$ ;fn d] + ljKnj dfcf] jfbL s] s] Gb|Lo ;b: o ag] y] . arkg ;] xL s'5 x7L : jefj s] ljKnj sf kfng–kf] if0f pRr dWod juL{o kl/ jf/ d] + x'cf yf . pGxf] ++g] bf] sIff ts ufFj s] xL / fi6«Lo k|flj d] + cWoog lsof . p;s] afb lnafª s] afnsNof0f dflj d] + cWoog lsof . )$# ;fn d] + p;L ljBfno ;] pGxf] +g] P;Pn;L ptL{0f lsof . p;s] afb pRr lzIff s] lnP j] / f] Nkf ;] kxnL af/ sf7df+8" cfP y] .

pGxf] +g] sf7df+8" s] …n SofDk;Ú d] + sfg"g sL k9ÞfO{ z'? sL . p;L ;do j] clvn qmflGtsf/ L s] sf7df+8" lhNnf cWoIf xf] t] x'P s] Gb|Lo ljBfyL{ g] tf agg] d] + ;kmn x'P . n] lsg / fhgLlt s] sf/ 0f pGx] ckgL k9ÞfO{ aLr d] + 5f] 8ÞgL k8ÞL . pgsf kl/ jf/ / f] Nkf 5f] 8Þ s/ lj=;+= )$% ;fn d] + slknj: t' s] lzju9ÞL d] + cf uof . tTsfnLg b; jifL{o hgo'4 d] + ljKnj g] s0ff{nL sf] xL ckgf d'Vo sfo{ If] q agfof yf . hgo'4 sfn d] + ljKnj cWoIf k|r08 s] cToGt lgs6 JolQm s] ¿k d] + hfg] hft] y] .

hgo'4sfn d] + pGxf] +g] cg] s df] rf{ sf g] t[Tj lsof yf . s0ff{nL d] + l;km{ aGb"s cf} / l/ efNj/ s] ;fy x'P ;fGgLuf8{ k'ln; kf] : 6 cfqmd0f s] jQm j] / fhgLlts sdf08/ y] . )%^ ;fn h] i7 d] + sfnLsf] 6 s] kb\d3f6 k'ln; kf] i6 d] + x'P cfqmd0f d] + ljKnj sL k|ToIf ;xeflutf yL . pQm k'ln; rf} sL ;] dfcf] jfbL g] !# yfg / fOkmn sAhf d] + n] lnof yf . bfª d] + g] kfnL ;] gf s] pmk/ x'P kxn] cfqmd0f ;] n] s/ DofUbL ;b/ d'sfd a] gL cfqmd0f ts sL 36gf d] + pgsL ;lqmo ;xeflutf / xL yL . O;L t/ x bfª s] ;tal/ of ;z: q k'ln; SofDk, b} n] v lhnf s] gf} d'n] tyf vf/ f cfqmd0f eL pgs] xL g] t[Tj d] + x'cf yf .

ljKnj sL hGds'08nL

;] gf sL lgu/ fgL d] +ha g] qljqmd rGb …ljKnjÚ åf/ f

k'gM qmflGt s/ g] sL aft afx/ cfg] nuL, pgsL kL5] g] kfnL ;] gf k8Þ uO{ . ;dfrf/ ;"qf] + sf dfggf x} ls j] g] kfnL ;] gf sL lgu/ fgL d] + x} + . ;] gf g] ljKnj sf afof] 8f6f 9"+9gf z'? s/ lbof x} . pgs] ;fy v8\uaxfb'/ las nufot s'5 cGo s] Gb|Lo : t/ s] g] tfcf] + sL ;"rL agfs/ pg nf] uf] + sL kfl/ jfl/ s k[i7e"ld, lgjf; cf} / cGo ultljlwof] + s] af/ ] d] + g] kfnL ;] gf ;"rgf ;+sng s/ / xL x} . hfgsf/ f] + sf dfggf x} ls ;+efljt ljb|f] x sf] n] s/ xL Pxltoft s] lnP ;] gf g] P] ;f lsof x} .


lsof x} . ca af: tf] nf ljKnj ;d"x d] + / x s/ k|jf;L g] kfnL dfcf] jfbL s] ;fy sfd s/ ] +u] . ;fy d] + cGt/ f{i6«Lo dfcf] jfbL cfGbf] ng ;] kf6L{ sf] hf] 8Þgf eL pgsf bfloTj ag uof x} . ;'v{] t lhnf d] + lj=;+= )!( ;fn d] + pgsf hGd x'cf yf . hgo'4 sfn d] + xL wd{] Gb| k|r08 g] t[Tj s] dfcf] jfbL d] + s] Gb|Lo ;b: o y] . pgs] tLg a] 6] x} +, hf] k"j{ dfcf] jfbL n8Þfs" eL x} + . n] lsg hgo'4 sfn d] + wd{] Gb| o"/ f] k d] + y] , hxfF ;] jx dfcf] jfbL s] cGt/ f{i6«Lo ljefu ;~rfng s/ t] y] . ;fdfGo cfly{s x} l;ot s] wd{] Gb| ;fbuLk;Gb : jR5 5lj s] g] tf eL dfg] hft] x} + .

clgn zdf{j} B ;d"x

s] s] Gb|Lo ;b: o clgn zdf{ pmkm{ lj/ xL ca ljKnj ;d"x d] + cf uP x} + . lrtjg : yfoL lgjf;L lj/ xL ;Lw] –;fb] g] tf s] ¿k d] + dfg] hft] x} + . ;flxTo d] + ?lr / vg] jfn] lj/ xL sf] dfcf] jfbL s] eLt/ ;zQm n] vs s] ¿k d] + eL dfgf hftf x} . ;d;fdlos / fhgLlts ljifof] + sf] n] s/ j] ljleGg kqf] + d] + lnvt] / xt] x+} . O;L t/ x sfe|] s] s[i0f clwsf/ L, afa'/ fd ldhf/ cf} / t] haxfb'/ ldhf/ eL ljKnj s] e/ f] ;] dGb ;b: o x+} . k|r08

sL xTof k|of; s] cf/ f] k d] + Pdfcf] jfbL sfo{stf{ sL t/ km ;] uDeL/ oftgf kfg] jfn] s[i0f clwsf/ L dfcf] jfbL d] + )%@ ;fn ;] lqmofzLn y] . )^@ ;fn d] + clwsf/ L g] dl0f yfkf s] ;fy dfcf] jfbL ;] ljb|f] x lsof yf . afb d] + j] j} B ;d"x d] + zfldn x'P y] . n] lsg ca pGxf] +g] j} B sf] 5f] 8Þ s/ ljKnj sf] ;fy lbof x} . O;L t/ x c5fd s] k"j{;ef;b\ z/ bl;+x e08f/ L eL ljKnj s] ;fy x} + .

;Gtf] if a'9ÞfkxnL

;+ljwfg;ef lgjf{rg d] + / f] Nkf lhnf ;] ;ef;b\ agg] jfn] ;Gtf] if a"9Þf ljKnj ;d"x s] lnP Ps ;zQm of] 4f x} + . hgo'4sfn d] + jx / f] Nkf s] lnP hg;/ sf/ k|d'v eL x'P y] . j] / f] Nkf tyf klZrdL If] q s] lnP Ps k|efjzfnL g] tf dfg] hft] x} + . pgsf k|efj l;km{ / f] Nkf d] + gxL+, ?s'd cf} / ;du| du/ ft If] q d] + x} + . n] lsg / fi6«Lo / fhgLlt d+] pgsL rrf{ sd xL xf] tL x} .

pboaxfb'/ rnfpg] ljKnj g] ha goL kf6L{ agf nL, pgsf]

;fy b] g] jfn] ;a;] pRr tx s] k"j{n8Þfs" x} +– pboaxfb'/ rnfpg] . j] lrtjg l: yt

k"j{hgd'lQm ;] gf s] tL;/ ] l8lehg s] ;x–sdf08/ x} + . kf6L{ d] + pg sf] bLks gfd ;] k'sf/ f hftf x} . ;} Go ljefu s] lnP j] ;zQm dfg] hft] x} + . j} B dfcf] jfbL d] + bLks j} slNks s] Gb|Lo ;b: o eL y] . j] P] ;] JolQm x} , lhGxf] g] lrtjg d] + / xt] jQm lzlj/ sdf08/ s] lj/ f] w d] + cfly{s ckrng sf cf/ f] k nufof yf . lh;s] rnt] pgsf] cfGtl/ s lx/ f;t d] + eL / xgf k8Þf yf .

kbd / fO{g] kfn s]

k"jL{ e"–efu ;] ljKnj sf] ;fy b] g] jfn] Ps xL s] Gb|Lo g] tf x} +– kbd / fO{ . z'? d] + lnDa" ;d'bfo ;] df} ;d lnDa" ljKnj sf ;fy b] / x] x} +, P] ;L rrf{ yL . n] lsg ha kf6L{ cnu xf] uO{, ta df} ;d g] ljKnj sf ;fy gxL+ lbof . p;s] abn] kbd g] pgsL hux n] nL .

xlyof/ sf xfnceL rrf{ sf b";/ f ljifo x} –

g] qljqmd rGb ljKnj s] kf; lstg] xlyof/ x} + < atfof hf / xf x} ls pgs] kf; ceL # xhf/ ;] Hofbf xlyof/ x} +, hf] ;z: q hgo'4sfn d] + g] kfnL ;] gf tyf k'ln; ;] n"6f uof yf . atfof hftf x} ls dfcf] jfbL zflGt k|lqmof d] + k|j] z s/ g] s] afb …xlyof/ gbL d] + 8"a uofÚ …cfu d] + hn uofÚ cf} / …h+un d] + vf] uofÚ sxt] x'P em"7f aofg b] s/ xlyof/ f] + sf] l5kf s/ / vf yf .

lx6lni6 cft+sha ljKnj g] goL kf6L{ u7g sf P] nfg lsof, / fhgLlt d] + rrf{ xf] g] nuL ls j]

k'gM ;z: q o'4 sL z'?cft s/ / x] x} + . O; rrf{ s] ;fy s'5 Joj;foL, pRr tx s] sd{rf/ L tyf / fhgLlt1 cft+lst xf] g] nu] . ljKnj g] sxf x} ls kxn] sL t/ x jx tTsfn ;z: q cf} / e"ldut o'4 z'? gxL+ s/ ] +u] . n] lsg pgsf sxgf x} – cfGbf] ng a8Þ] k"FhLklt cf} / gjwgf9\o sL cf] / nlIft / x] uf . lh;s] rnt] s'5 Joj;foL ql;t eL xf] g] nu] x} + . ljKnj g] sxf x} – k|yd r/ 0f sL n8ÞfO / fHo sL ;] gf, k'ln; cf} / ufFj d] + / xg] jfn ;fdGt s] lj?4 gxL+ xf] uL . ljKnj ;] lgs6 / x] Ps kqsf/ atft] x} – zx/ s] e|i6, bnfn cf} / gjwgf9\o s] lj?4 ef} lts sf/ jfxL xf] ;stL x} . pg nf] uf] + sL ;"rL eL t} of/ xf] / xL x} . O; d] + s'5 / fhgLlts bn s] g] tf eL x} + . pgsf dfggf x} ls O; sf/ jfxL sf] k|efjsf/ L 9+u ;] cfu] a9Þfof hfof tf] hgtf d] + kf6L{ s] k|lt ;sf/ fTds k|efj ax't hNb xL k8Þ ;stf x} .

;|f] t s] cg';f/ ha kf6L{ hgtf d] + : yflkt xf] uL, ta cf} / go] / fhgLlts sfo{qmd to lsP hfP+u] . ox eL atfof hf / xf x} ls ljKnj s] lx6lni6 d] + Pdfcf] jfbL s] s'5 zLif{ g] tf eL x} + . ljKnj ;d"x g] sxf x} – ca ufFj d] + bf] –rf/ ;f} dg wfg pTkfbg s/ g] jfn] ;fdGt gxL+, bf] –rf/ c/ a n"6 s/ zx/ d] + P] z km/ dfg] jfn] e|i6 tyf ck/ fwL s] pmk/ sf/ afxL sL hfPuL . dfcf] jfbL g] tfcf] + s] k|lt O+lut s/ t] x'P pGxf] +g] cfu] sxf x} – hgtf sf v"g–k;Lgf r";g] jfn] , hgd'lQm ;] gf sL tfst sf unt O: t] dfn s/ g] jfn] ;eL sf/ afxL d] + k8Þ ;st] x} + .

/fhgLlt


)^# ;fn d] + ;DkGg zflGt k|lqmof g] b; jif{ eL k"/ f gxL+ lsof x} . n] lsg O; cjlw d] + dfcf] jfbL kf6L{ kfFr 6's8Þf] d] + ljeflht xf] r'sL x} . lh; sf g] t[Tj lkmnxfn qmdzM k'iksdn bfxfn …k|r08Ú, df] xg j} B …ls/ 0fÚ, dft[sf ofbj, dl0f yfkf cf} / g] qljqmd rGb s/ / x] x} + . zflGt k|lqmof k"/ f xf] g] ;] kxn] xL dl0f yfkf g] kxnL af/ kf6L{ ;] ljb|f] x lsof yf . xfn dl0f yfkf …qmflGtsf/ L sDo'lgi6 kf6L{Ú sf g] t[Tj s/ / x] x} + . xfn pGxf] +g] Pdfcf] jfbL s] ;fy df] rf{ agfof x} . j} B dfcf] jfbL sf ## bnLo df] rf{ d] + eL yfkf ;d"x cfj4 x} . dl0f yfkf s] afb dft[sf ofbj g] Pdfcf] jfbL sf] ljeflht lsof yf . dft[sf ofbj g] !! km] a'|c/ L, @))( d] + g] skf -dfcf] jfbL_ u7g lsof yf . tTsfnLg k|wfgdGqL lul/ hfk|;fb sf] O/ fnf s] dlGqd08n d] + ofbj jg dGqL y] . p; ;do e|i6frf/ s] cf/ f] k d] + Ps ;/ sf/ L sd{rf/ L sf] 6\jfOn] 6 d] + aGb s/ s] ofbj v"a rrf{ d] + cfP y] . ofbj sL O; x/ st sf] n] s/ ;dy{g cf} / lj/ f] w bf] gf] + g] pmFrfO{ kfO{ yL . O;L 36gf s] sf/ 0f ofbj cf} / tTsfnLg k|wfgdGqL sf] O/ fnf

aLr åGå eL rnf yf . O;s] cnfjf kf6L{ cWoIf k|r08 ;] eL pgsf ;DaGw lau8Þg] nuf . p;s] s'5 ;do afb k|r08 g] Pstf s] Gb| s] ;fy kf6L{ PsLs/ 0f lsof . p;d] +

c;Gt'i6L htft] x'P ofbj g] ckgL goL kf6L{ sf u7g lsof . goL kf6L{ u7g s] afb pgsL rrf{ sd xf] g] nuL . ;dfrf/ ;|f] t atft] x} + ls ofbj ceL Pdfcf] jfbL cWoIf k|r08 s] ;fy ;DaGw ;'wf/ g] sf k|of; s/ / x] x} .

dft[sf ofbj s] afb Pdfcf] jfbL d] +

;a;] a8Þf ljefhg, j} B g] t[Tj d] + x'cf x} . j} B g] t[Tj d] + !( h"g @)!@ d] + kf6L{ cnu x'cf yf .tTsfnLg pkfWoIf df] xg j} B cf} / dxf;lrj / fdaxfb'/ yfkf s]

;fy nueu #) k|ltzt ;] Hofbf s] Gb|Lo g] tfcf] + g] k|r08 sf ;fy 5f] 8Þ lbof yf . hf] dfcf] jfbL Oltxf; d] + xL ;a;] a8Þf ljefhg x} . ceL jxL j} B g] t[Tj d] + ;] kf6L{ ;lrj g] qljqmd rGb g] ckgL cnu kf6L{ 3f] if0ff sL x} . j} ;] tf] g] skf–dfcf] jfbL ;] ljb|f] x s/ s] O;;] kxn] eL dx] Gb| kf;jfg

g] goL kf6L{ agfO{ yL . kf;jfg g] g] skf–dfcf] jfbL -ljb|f] xL_ gfd ;] goL kf6L{ u7g lsof yf . n] lsg kf;jfg ceL k|r08 g] t[Tj jfnL Pdfcf] jfbL kf6L{ d] + x} + .

Ps bzs d] + kf“r 6's8] /fhgLlt


b:tfj]h

dw] ; sL cj: yf cf} / ;d: of sL k|s[lt M dw] ; If] q k/ ljBdfg g] kfnL / fHo ;Qf

åf/ f of] hgfa4 ¿k d] + cfGtl/ s pklgj] z sL gLlt nfu" x} . O; gLlt s] txt / fHo s] zf;s ju{ åf/ f zf;s hflt cf} / zf;s ;d'bfo s] lxt d] + dw] ; If] q sf] cf} / dw] ; s] ljleGg ;d'bfof] + sf] nIo agfs/ ;fdflhs, cfly{s, cf} / / fhgLlts zf] if0f lsof hf / xf x} . dw] ; d] + k/ Dk/ fut ¿k ;] a;] x'P ;d'bfof] + sf cfly{s, k|fs[lts >f] t, hdLg cf} / af;: yfg sf x/ 0f s/ t] x'P Og ;d'bfof] + s] wfld{s k4lt, hLjg z} nL, j] ife"iff cf} / ;+: s[lt sf] / fHo ckg] cg's"n ¿kfGt/ 0f s/ / xf x} . dw] ; d] + ;} lgsLs/ 0f lsof hf / xf x} . t/ fO{ d] + ax'dt k|fKt dw] ;L ;d'bfo s] a;f] af; cf} / hg;+Vof sL ;+/ rgf d] + k|lts"n abnfj nfg] sf sfd lsof hf / xf x} . cf} klgj] lzs / fHo dw] ; sf] gfkmf cfh{g s/ g] jfn] e"If] q d] + ¿kfGtl/ t s/ dw] ; s] gful/ sf] + sf] bf; agfP x'P x} . dw] ;L ;d'bfo s] cfTd;Ddfg sf] sdhf] / agfof uof x} . dw] ; d] + sfod ox cj: yf xL cfGtl/ s cf} klgj] lzstf x} . cfGtl/ s cf} klgj] lzstf dw] ; sL ;d: of x} . O; cj: yf g] g] kfn d] + dw] ; sL hgtf sf] / fhgLlts bf; agfof x'cf x} . O; ;d'bfo g] b] z d] + ;Rr] cyf] {+ d] + ckg] ;fj{ef} d;Qf sf] k|of] u xL gxL+ lsof x} .

dw] l;of] + sf d'Vo sfo{ef/ M dw] ; d] + jt{dfg cf} klgj] lzs / fHo;Qf

s] ;+oGq sf d'Vo ;+rfngsQf{ Ps xL k|sf/ s] : jfyf{] + sf ;lDdl>t ¿k : yfoL ;Qf x} lh;sf lgdf{0f d'VotM cf7 k|sf/ s] / fHokf] lift c+uf] + ;] x'cf x} . o] x} +– -!_ d+qLkl/ ifb of ;/ sf/ -@_ v; zf;s ju{ s] jr{: j jfnf ;+;b -#_ / fHo sL ljBdfg ;+/ rgf sf k[i7kf] if0f s/ g] jfn] v; zf;sLo clwgfosTj jfn] / fhgLlts bn -$_ v; zf;s ju{ sf babjf jfnL ;] gf, ;z: q k'ln;, hgkb k'ln; tyf u'Ktr/ ;lxt sf ;'/ Iff lgsfo -%_ Ps xL k|sf/ s] hftLo afx'Notf jfnf sd{rf/ LtGq of k|zf;g ;+oGq -^_ PsfTdjfbL / fHo Joj: yf sf lxt;+/ Ifs s] ¿k d] + sfo{/ t Gofok|0ffnL of cbfntL Joj: yf -&_ lghL kfl/ jfl/ s

: jfy{ d] + 8"a] v; zf;s ;d'bfo sf rf6'sf/ k"lhklt ju{ -*_ v; zf;s ;d'bfo sf k[i6kf] ifs k|efjzfnL ;+rf/ u[x k|;f/ 0f k|sfzg ;Da4 hftLo k|] ; tyf kqsf/ . O; ;+/ rgf d] + cfd"n kl/ jt{g s/ gf xL j: t'tM dw] ;L, hghflt ;lxt s] alxis/ 0f d] + 8fn] uo] ;d'bfof] + sf d'Vo sfo{ef/ x} .

dw] ;L / fhgLlt s] kIfM ceL dw] ; s] lGb|t / fhgLlts j[Q d] +

;+u7g cf} / ljrf/ s] cfwf/ k/ d'VotM tLg wf/ fP+ x} + . kxnL, ;Qf ;dk{0fjfbL cf} / d'2f lj;h{gjfbL wf/ x} . o] ckg] p2] Zo d] + k|i6 gxL+ x} + . kl/ jt{gs] gfd k/ zAbhfn a'gt] / xt] x} + . ;b} j ;Qf d] + hfg] sf] cft'/ / xt] x} + . ;Qf d] + hfg] k/ eL ;Qf sf] kl/ jt{g sf dfWod agfgf gxL+ rfxt] . lj/ f] wL s] ;dIf ;Demf} tfk/ : t xf] s/ dw] ; ;d: of sf ;txL ;dfwfg rfxt] x} + . dw] ; d'2f s] kIf d] + nu] x'P lbvfs/ ox kIf efjgfTds r'gfjL / fhgLlt s/ t] / xt] x} + . n] lsg oyfy{ d] + o] : yfoL ;Qf sf k[i6kf] if0f xL s/ / x] x} + . ckgf–ckgf hftLo cfwf/ v8f s/ s] ljut s'5 jiff] {+ ;] ;Qf cf} / ljkIf s] / fhgLlts k|rf/ d] + nuf x'cf ox kIf ljrf/ cf} / sd{ ;] dw] ; cfGbf] ng sL pknlAwof] + sf] ;+: yfut

s/ g] s] ;jfn k/ wf] v] afh xL lbv] x} + . jt{dfg ;+ljwfg;ef d] + OGxf] +g] ;+3Lotf d] + dw] ; s] ljefhg sf] : jLsf/ lsof x} . O; kIf g] oyfl: ylt d] + lj=;+= @)&) s] b";/ ] ;+ljwfg;ef lgjf{rg d] + efu lnof cf} / ceL ;+ljwfg ;ef d] + x} . ;+ljwfg ;ef d] + OgsL sf] O{ k|efjsf/ L e"ldsf gxL+ x} .

b";/ f, t/ fO{ dw] ; / fli6«o cleofg åf/ f g] t[Tj lso] x'P zflGtk"0f{ cfGbf] ngsfl/ of] + sf kIfkftL wf/ x} . O;g] jt{dfg g] kfnL / fHo s] PsfTdjfbL : j¿k d] + cfd"n kl/ jt{g xf] gf rflxo] , P] ;f ;f] rf x} . : yfoL ;Qf åf/ f kf] lift dw] ; s] pmk/ sf cfGtl/ s cf} klgj] lzstf sf] tf] 8Þs/ / fHo s] go] ¿kfGt/ 0f sf] ;+3if{ sf kxnf Wo] o dfgf x} . tTkZrft\ ;+3Lo g] kfn d] + : jzf;g s] dfWod ;] dw] ;L ;d'bfo s] lno] lje] b/ lxt / fhgLlts ;+/ rgf sL : yfkgf cf} / cfly{s ;d'Gglt k|fKt s/ g] sf] b";/ f Wo] o dfgf x} .

tL;/ f, t/ fO{ of dw] ; sf] Ps : jtGq cf} / ;fj{ef} d;Qf ;DkGg / fi6« s] ¿k d] + ¿kfGtl/ t s/ gf rfxg] jfn] : jKghLjL kl/ jt{gsfl/ of] + jfn] cltjfbL lrGtg sf wf/ x} . O;d] + t/ fO{ s] ;z: q ;d"x cf} / clx+;s cfGbf] ng sL aft] + s/ g] jfn] eL x} + . pRr

t/ fO{ dw] ; / fi6«Lo cleofg sL u?8f 3f] if0ff

b]j]z emf


b:tfj]h

Tofu cf} / cfTdalnbfg sL efjgf ;] k] |l/ t dw] ; s] s'5 o'jfcf] + sf ox c;+ul7t ;d"x / fhgLlts oyfy{ sf] gxL+ ;dem kfg] jfnf, e"/ fhgLlt ;] a] va/ cf} / efjfj] z sL / fhgLlt rfxg] jfnf] + sf j} rfl/ s kIf x} .

If] lqo, e"–/ fhgLlts : jfy{ d] + g] kfn Mef} uf] lns ¿k d] + g] kfn k/ Dk/ f ;] xL

If] qLo cf} / cGt/ f{i6«Lo ;fdl/ s / fhgLlts : jfy{ sf s] Gb| / xf x} . O; : jfy{ s] sf/ 0f ;] g] kfn d] + cfhts cfd"n kl/ jt{g s] lnP hgtf åf/ f lsof uof sf] O{ eL cfGbf] ng lg0ff{os kl/ 0ffd xfl;n gxL+ s/ ;sf . ljz] iftM If] qLo e"–/ fhgLlt d] + ef/ t cf} / rLg sL clt ;lqmotf Pj+ x: tIf] k s] sf/ 0f g] kfnL hgtf sf cfGbf] ng ;a of tf] g] kfn s] s] Gb|Lo ;Qf sL : jfy{ / Iff s] lno] ;Demf} tf] + d] + cGt lso] uP of lgisif{ljxLg ;dfKt x'P . cfh s] jt{dfg d] + g] kfn sL u[x / fhgLlt d] + x: tIf] ksf/ L e"/ fhgLlt sf k|efj cf} / eL a9Þf x} . dw] ; sf k|Zg cf} / eL Ps k|d'v ljifo xf] uof x} .

dw] ;L hgtf s] Gofof] lrt hgflwsf/ sL df+u sf] g] kfn sL ;Qf g] ;b} j ef/ t s] ;fy n] g–b] g sf ljifo agfP hfg] sf Oltxf; x} . dw] ; åf/ f hgclwsf/ sL df+u xf] g] k/ cf} / p;s] lno] xf] g] jfn] cfGbfngf] + sf] ef/ t åf/ f pTk|] l/ t tyf ef/ tLo pS;fx6 d] + lsof uof sxs/ cfGbf] ngf] + sf] abgfd s/ fof hftf x} . hals g] kfnL / fHo;Qf : jo+ ef/ t s] ;fy cg] sf] + b[Zo–cb[Zo ;dembf/ L s/ s] cfGbf] ng s] lj?4 bjfasf/ L ef/ tLo e"ldsf sf] g] kfn d] + v'nf cfdGq0f s/ g] sf cg] sf] + pbfx/ 0f x} . P] ;L cj: yf d] + ef/ t ;/ sf/ g] kfn sL ;Qf s] ;fy ckg] lxt sf ;+/ If0f cf} / : jfy{l;4 s/ g] s] lno] dw] ;L hgtf s] Gofof] lrt dfgj clwsf/ cf} / ;j{dfGo / fhgLlts clwsf/ s] ljifo k/ df} g wf/ 0f lso] / xtL x} . O;d] + sf] O{ bf] dt gxL+ ls dw] ;L hg;d'bfo ;b} j ef/ t sL l: y/ tf, zflGt tyf ;d'Gglt sf kIfkftL / xf x} . O;s] jfah"b ef/ t sL ;Qf g] dw] ; s] ;jfn sf] cgb] vf lsof x} . ca dw] ; sL / fhgLlts zlStof] + sf] ckg] clwsf/ s] k|Zg k/ cl8u / xs/ ef/ t ;/ sf/ s] ;fy jftf{ s/ gL xf] uL ls g] kfn cf} / ef/ t sf k/ : k/ n] gb] g tyf lxt s] ljifo d] + dw] ; sf] ;f} bf sL j: t' gxL+ agfof hfo . ox ljifo ef/ t ;/ sf/ ;dIf dha"tL s] ;fy / vg] sf ;do cf uof x} . cGoyf ef/ tLo kIf s] ;fy PskIfLo ;b\efj Pj+ nf] sfrf/ s] gfd k/ dw] ;L sf] g] kfnL

/ fHo;Qf sf bf; xL ag] / xgf xf] uf .

dw] ;L / fi6«Lotf s] dfGotf sf ;jfnM dw] ; sf] cfGtl/ s pklgj] z agfs/

/ fHokIf k'/ fg] PsfTdjfbL / fhgLlts Joj: yf sf] nfu" s/ gf rfxtf x} . O; oyfl: yltjfbL ;f] r sf] ls;L eL xfnt d] + : jLsf/ gxL+ lsof hf ;stf . ;+;f/ e/ : yflkt dfGotf cg';f/ ls;L eL hg;f+lVos ljljwtfo'Qm b] z d] + ;+3Lotf p; b] z sf k|zf;lgs ljefhg dfq gxL+ xf] tf . ox ljljwtf d] + lglxt b] z sL ;fj{ef} d;Qf sf ljefhg eL x} . O;s] lno] b] z d] + / fi6«Lotfcf] + sL dfGotf xf] gL xL rflxo] . / fli6«otfcf] + sL dfGotf s] lagf Ps cv08 b] z sL ;fj{ef} d;Qf sf ljefhg xf] xL gxL+ ;stf . dw] ; sL rfxt g] kfn sL cv08tf s] eLt/ dw] ;L / fi6«Lotf sL dfGotf ;lxt : jzf;g x} .

efjL ;+ljwfg d] + kxrfg sL dfGotfM ;+j} wflgs zAbfjnL d] + kxrfg sL

dfGotf cd"t{ ljifo gxL+ x} . ls;L eL b] z s] ;+ljwfg d] + s'5 vf; ljifof] + sf] ;+j} wflgs ¿k d] + k|lt: yfkg kZrft\ dfq p; b] z s] ls;L ;d'bfo of / fli6«otf sf] dfGotf k|fKt dfgf hftf x} . O; cy{ d] + t/ fO{ dw] ; / fi6«Lo cleofg g] g] kfn s] efjL ;+ljwfg d] + Og ljifof] + sf : ki6 k|lt: yfkg rfxf x} M -!_ dw] ;L kxrfg sf] Ps / fi6«Lotf -;a

g] zgfln6L_ s] ¿k d] + ;+j} wflgs dfGotf k|fKt xf] .

-@_ g] kfn sf cGtl/ d ;+ljwfg @)^# åf/ f : ki6 ¿k d] + : jLs[t lso] uo] dw] ; If] q sf] : jfoQ dw] ; k|b] z sL dfGotf xf] .

-#_ g] kfn b] z e/ ;dfg hg;+Vof k/ cfwfl/ t lgjf{rg If] qf] + sf lgwf{/ 0f lsof hfo .

-$_ lgjf{lrt hgk|ltlglwof] + sL ;+;b ag] cf} / ;+;bLo zf;g k|0ffnL xf] gf rflxo] .

-%_ efjL k|b] zf] + ;] pmk/ L ;bg -/ fi6«Lo ;ef of cGo gfd_ d] + ;f+;b sf k|ltlglwTj s/ fo] hfg] k/ k|To] s k|b] z sL hg;+Vof s] cfwf/ k/ xL ;f+;bf] + sL ;+Vof sf lgwf{/ 0f s/ k|ltlglwTj s/ fof hfo .

-^_ / fHo sL zlSt kl/ rfng s] ;eL ;+j} wflgs lgsfof] + d] + k"0f{ ;dfg'kflts ;dfj] zLs/ 0f xf] gf rflxo] .

-&_ ljleGg / fi6«Lotfcf] + s] k|ltlglwTj s] cfwf/ k/ ;dfj] zL Gofok|0ffnL xf] gf rflxo] . s] Gb| cf} / k|b] z d] + : jtGq

Gofokflnsf u7g xf] gf rflxo] .-*_ s] Gb| cf} / k|b] z ;a s] aLr sf xs tyf

clwsf/ ;DaGwL ljjfbf] + sf lg/ fs/ 0f s/ g] s] lno] k|b] zf] + sf ;dfg'kflts k|ltlglwTj jfnf ;+j} wflgs cbfnt sL Joj: yf xf] gf rflxo] .

-(_ dw] ; sL efiffcf] + sf] eL ;/ sf/ Lsfdsfh s] lno] cf} krfl/ s dfGotf ldngL rflxo] . OGxL ljifof] + sf] gof ;+ljwfg d] + ;dflji6 s/ g] s] afb / fi6 d] + sf] O{ eL ;d'bfo / fhgLlts ¿k d] + kxrfg sL dfGotf kf ;stf x} . efjL dw] ; cfGbf] ng sf Wo] o eL O;L sf] k|fKt s/ gf x} .

;+ljwfg ;ef sL pkof] lutfM t/ fO{ dw] ; / fi6«Lo cleofg sf k|yd

/ fli6«o kl/ ifb sL a} 7s lj=;+= @)&), c;f] h # ut] lj/ f6gu/ d] + ;DkGg x'O{ yL . O;L a} 7s s] lg0f{o cg';f/ td/ f cleofg ;+ljwfg ;ef s] b";/ ] lgjf{rg d] + ;xefuL gxL+ x'cf . O; a} 7s s] lgisif{ d] + td/ f cleofg g] sxf yf– b";/ ] ;+ljwfg ;ef d] + dw] ; sf] bf] uDeL/ b'ik|efj lglZrt ¿k ;] ef] ugf k8] uf . kxnf, efjL ;+ljwfg s] cfwf/ e"t ljifo s] af/ ] d] + / fHo g] sf] O{ k|lta4tf JoSt gxL+ sL x} . ;+ljwfg sf cfwf/ e"t rl/ q s} ;f xf] ox lglZrt gxL+ x} . O;;] k"j{ x'P ;Demf} tf] + sf] cdfGo lso] hfg] sL cj: yf x} . b";/ f, / fHo åf/ f ljleGg xts08f ckgfs/ , sfg"gL cf} / ;+j} wflgs k|k+r v8f s/ s] dw] ;L, hghflt, blnt cflb ;d'bfo sf k|ltlglwTj 36fg] sf Joj: yf lsof hf r'sf x} . O;lno] , ca agg] jfn] ;+ljwfg ;ef d] + / fHo sL k'g;{+/ rgf rfxg] jfn] kIf sL pkl: ylt sdhf] / / x] uL . O; kIf sL sdhf] / pkl: ylt s] sf/ 0f / fHo s] PsfTdjfbL 9f+rf d] + kl/ jt{g s/ ;sg] jfnf ;+ljwfg agg] sL ;Defjgf xL gxL+ x} . ;+ljwfg ;ef åf/ f xL dw] ; s] Gofof] lrt dfuf] + sf] lt/ : s[t s/ jfs/ efjL cfGbf] ng sf] ;d] t sdhf] / Pj+ / fi6«Lo cGt/ f{i6«Lo hgdt s] ;dIf cg'lrt lbvfg] sf sfo{ xf] uf . cfh ts efjgfTds ¿k d] + Ps / x] x'P dw] ; sf] ca s] ;+ljwfg ;ef åf/ f ef} uf] lns cf} / k|zf;lgs ¿k d] + xL ljeflht lsof hfouf . dw] ; d] + g] kfnL / fHo;Qf s] cfGtl/ s cf} klgj] lzstf sf] ;dfKt s/ g] x] t' cfhts x'P ;eL cfGbf] ngf] + sL pknlAwof] + sf] Wj: t s/ t] x'P dw] ; cf} / clws cfGtl/ s cf} klgj] lzstf s] s7f] / rqmJo"x d] + k8 hfouf . sn agg] jfn] ;+3Lo of s] Gb|Lo ;+;b d] + dw] ;


b:tfj]h

sf k|ltlglwTj sdhf] / / x] uf cf} / ;dfg hg;+Vof s] cfwf/ k/ / fi6«Lo ljwflosf d] + dw] ;L k|ltlglwTj s] g} ;lu{s clwsf/ sf] ;dfKt s/ b] uf . Ps af/ xd k'gM g] kfnL efiff s] cf} klgj] lzs bf; xf] hfP+u] .

;+ljwfg ;ef sf b'ikl/ 0ffdM ;+ljwfg s] cGtj{: t' d] + O{dfgbf/

/ fhgLlts ;xdlt gxL+ xf] ;sL . O;lno] ca ;+ljwfg ;ef åf/ f hgtf sL OR5f cg';f/ PsfTdjfbL / fHo ;+/ rgf d] + cfd"n kl/ jt{g s] ;fy ;+ljwfg gxL+ aggf lglZrt xf] uof x} . dw] ;L hgtf sL df+u tyf OR5f cg';f/ tf] ca ;+ljwfg agg] sL sf] O{ ;Defjgf xL gxL+ x} . O;s] lno] Og tYof] + sf uDeL/ tf ;] dgg s/ gf k8Þ] uf .-!_ dw] ;L, cflbjf;L hghflt ;lxt

pk] lIft pTkLl8Þt ;d'bfo sL hgtf s] Gofof] lrt cfGbf] ng s] qmd d] + ;+ljwfg ;ef åf/ f / fHo sL k'g;{+/ rgf ;DalGwt df+uf] + sf] k"/ f lsof hfo] uf, P] ;L / fHo s] åf/ f lnlvt jrga4tf sL uO{ yL . ceL : jo+ x: tfIf/ sf/ L / fHokIf g] p; jrga4tf sf] c: jLsf/ lsof x} .

-@_ kxnL ;+ljwfg ;ef åf/ f / fHo sL k'g;{+/ rgf s] qmd d] + k|b] zf] + sL / rgf s/ t] ;do kxrfg s] kf+r cfwf/ cf} / ;fdYo{ s] rf/ cfwf/ sf] ;j{;Ddlt ;] : jLsf/ lsof yf . O;d] + ls;L eL bn sL c;xdlt gxL+ yL . ceL : jo+ / fHokIf åf/ f O;sf] gxL+ dfgf hf / xf .

-#_ kxnL ;+ljwfg ;ef åf/ f ul7t cGtl/ d ;+ljwfg d] + x'O{ Joj: yf cg';f/ / fHo s] k'g;{+/ rgf cfof] u s] ax'dt åf/ f !) of !$ k|b] z agfg] sf lg0f{o x'cf yf . ceL O; lg0f{o sf] cdfGo lsof uof x} .

-$_ dfcf] jfbL kf6L{ g] cjZo xL dw] ; sL d'lSt s] ;jfn sf] p7fof yf . O; kf6L{ g] ckg] k|yd r'gfjL 3f] if0ffkq d] + dw] ; d] + k"j{ cf} / klZrd ;lxt bf] : jfoQ dw] ; k|b] z xf] g] sL aft sxL yL . ox kf6L{ ceL dw] ; s] e"uf] n s] cGb/ k"/ a d] + sf] r k|b] z, lrtjg sf] sf7df08" s] ;fy hf] 8Þg] cf} / lrtjg ls;L eL zt{ k/ dw] ; d] + / xgf gxL+ rflxo] Pj+ s} nfnL cf} / s+rgk'/ lhnf ;a pQ/ blIf0f s] k|b] z d] + / xgf rflxo] h} ;] cToGt ljjfbf: kb aft s/ s] cf} / dw] ;L ;d'bfo s] dgf] lj1fg sf] ljv08gsf/ L k|sf/ sf sxt] x'P dw] ; d] + dw] l;of] + sL dfq ;/ sf/ agg] of] Uo k|b] z sL / rgf gxL+ s/ g] sL aft sxL x} .

-%_ kxn] ;+ljwfg ;ef d] + dw] ;L bnf] + sf ;xof] u cf} / ;+Vof au} / ;+ljwfg ;ef

s] eLt/ sf ls;L eL ;dLs/ 0f of zlSt sf bf] ltxfO{ kx'+r ;sg] sL cj: yf gxL+ yL . ;+ljwfg ;ef åf/ f bf] ltxfO{ ax'dt ;] ;+ljwfg hf/ L s/ g] s] lno] eL dw] ;L bnf] + sf ;xof] u xf] gf ckl/ xfo{ yf . ceL dw] ;L bnf] + sL P] ;L / 0fgLlts l: ylt gxL+ x} . o] ;a cToGt sdhf] / xf] r's] x} + . hghflt bn eL ;+ljwfg ;ef d] + ;+VofTds cfwf/ d] + lg0ff{os gxL+ x} + . lkm/ dw] ;L cf} / hghflt s] aLr k|efjsf/ L sfo{ut Pstf eL gxL+ ag ;sL x} .

-^_ ceL ts s] ljleGg lgjf{rgf] + d] + dw] ; ;] ljz] if¿k ;] sf+u|] ; cf} / Pdfn] kf6L{ åf/f pNn] Vo dt k|fKt s/ gf Ps oyfy{ x} . Og kfl6 {of] + åf/ f ;+ljwfg ;ef s] lgjf{rg d] + k|TofzL ag] x'P JolSt eL dw] ; s] d'2f d] + ;sf/ fTds / x] +u] cf} / ;+ljwfg ;ef d] + hfs/ dw] ; s] lxt d] + sfd s/ g] sL aft sxs/ dw] ;L hgtf sf] k|efljt s/ s] sf+u|] ; cf} / Pdfn] kf6L{ s] kIf d] + dt k|fKt lsof yf . sf+u|] ; Pdfn] s] dw] ;L ;ef;b – ;f+;b eL Ps xb ts cfzf s] kfq y] . n] lsg, ceL o] ;a sf+u|] ; cf} / Pdfn] s] dw] ; lj/ fwL lrGtg s] cfu] k|efjxLg tyf bf; h} ;] xf] uo] x} + .

-&_ ;+ljwfg ;ef d] + g] kfnL sf+u|] ;, Pdfn] , / fk|kf cf} / cGo s'5 bnf]+ g] cfk; d] + bf] ltxfO{ ;b: o ;+Vof kx'rfs/ ;ft k|b] z sf k|: tfj lsof x} . O; k|: tfj cg';f/ l;jfo bf] s] ;eL k|b] z pQ/ blIf0f lbzf s] xf] +u] . dw] ; sf] kf+r efu d] + af+6f uof x} . O; kf+r d] + ;] slyt hgsk'/ k|b] z d] + dw] ;L ;d'bfo sf pRr ax'dt x} tf] slyt n'lDagL k|b] z d] + dw] ;L hg;+Vof cfwf agf lbof uof x} . dw] ; gfd ;] ls;L k|b] z sf gfdfs/ 0f gxL+ lsof uof x} . yf?, d';ndfg h} ;] dxTjk"0f{ ;d'bfo s] cl: tTj ts sf] : jLsf/ gxL+ lsof uof x} . k|: tfljt ;+3Lo ;+/ rgf d] + agg] jfn] ;+;b d] + dw] ; sf k|ltlglwTj Psbd sd xf] uf . k|ltlglwTj s] ;jfn k/ hg;+Vof s] l;4fGt sf] k"0f{¿k] 0f OGsf/ lsof uof x} . g] kfn s] ax'eflifs oyfy{ sf] gxL+ dfgf uof x} , k'gM g] kfnL –Ps efiff gLlt sf] dfgf uof x} . k|b] z sL / rgf sf] k|: tfljt s/ t] ;do v;jfbL / fHo ;Qf b] z s] ;eL k|fs[lts >f] t k/ Psflwsf/ jfbL lgoGq0f / vf x} . dw] ; xf] s/ axg] jfnL sf] zL, gf/ fo0fL cf} / s0ff{nL h} ;L pmhf{ Pj+ hn>f] t s] ljk'n

e08f/ sf] sAhf s/ s] / vgf rfxf x} . hn>f] t s] ;DaGw d] + dw] ; sf] lgrn] t6Lo nfe s] cGt/ f{i6«Lo l;4fGt sf] eL ;bf s] lno] ;dfKt s/ gf rfxf x} .

;+ljwfg ;ef sf kl/ TofuM Og ;a cfwf/ k/ ;+ljwfg ags/ hf/ L

x'cf tf] dw] ; O; PsfTdjfbL / fHo Joj: yf sf bf; xf] uf . dw] ;L gful/ s bf;Tj d] + k8] +u] . O; kl/ l: ylt sf] ;+ljwfg ;ef d] + / x dw] ;L, cflbjf;L hghflt, blnt cflb gxL+ abn ;s] +u] . O;lno] ca ;+ljwfg ;ef d] + / x / x] dw] ;L, cflbjf;L hghflt cf} / blnt k|ltlglwof] + sf] ;+ljwfg ;ef sf kl/ Tofu s/ : yflkt / fHo ;Qf s] lj?4 lg0ff{os cfGbf] ng sL wf/ sf lgdf{0f s/ gf xf] uf . O;s] lno] td/ f cleofg ;+ljwfg ;ef d] + / x / x] ;eL dw] ;L, cflbjf;L – hghflt, blnt ;lxt alxis/ 0f d] + 8fn] uo] pTkLl8Þt, pk] lIft ;d'bfo s] ;ef;bf] + sf] cfXfg s/ tf x} .

xd slyt ;+ljwfg gxL+ dfg] +u] M!_ t/ fO{ dw] ; / fli6«o cleofg dw] ;L

hgtf sf] bf; agfg] cf} / dw] ; d] + cfGtl/ s cf} klgj] lzstf sf] sfod xL / vg] jfn] ;+ljwfg sf] gxL+ dfg] uf . -@_ olb ;+ljwfg ;ef ;] k|s[ofut ¿k d] + xL ;xL, hgtf s] kl/ jt{g sL cfsf+Iff s] ljk/ Lt ;+ljwfg sf k|f¿k nfof uof tf] O;s] lj/ f] w d] + td/ f cleofg ;/ sf/ L kIf s] ;dfgfGt/ cledt lgdf{0f x] t' hgdt lgdf{0f s] lno] ;ef, h'n"; cflb sf k|f/ De s/ ] uf . -#_ td/ f cleofg dw] ; s] k|To] s lhnf] + d] + ;/ sf/ L kIf s] hgdt of cledt lgdf{0f sfo{ sf] ;zSt, zf+ltk"0f{ tyf clx+;s tj/ d] + cj/ f] w v8f s/ ] uf . -$_ / fHo åf/ f bdg, w/ ks8 cf} / lu/ k\mtf/ L z'? s/ / fHo cft+s v8f lso] hfg] k/ ceL s] cGtl/ d ;+ljwfg åf/ f k|bQ hgclwsf/ sL / Iff s] lno] hgtf s] ;xof] u tyf ;xeflutf d] + aGb, cfd x8tfn h} ;] x/ ;Dej / f: tf] + sf] ckgfPuf . -%_ lkm/ eL td/ f cleofg rfxtf x} ls ;+ljwfg ;ef åf/ f xL ;+ljwfg sf lgdf{0f xf] . O;lno] xdf/ L ;f] r x} ls, Jofks hgbafj s] lagf k|ltudgsfl/ of] + sL afx'Notf jfnf ox ;+ljwfg ;ef / fHo s] cu|udgsf/ L k'g;{+/ rgf ;lxt sf ;+ljwfg gxL+ agfPuL . O;lno] , cfGbf] ng s] bafj dfq ;] ;+ljwfg ;ef hgrfxgf s] cg';f/ sf ;+ljwfg agfPuL . td/ f cleofg O; u?8f 3f] if0ff k/ k|lta4 x} . O;d] + O; / fi6«Lo kl/ ifb s] ;eL ;b: of] + s] sd{zLn ;xeflutf / xg] sf jrga4tf x} . lll

sflt{s @! cf} / @@ ut] u?8f, / f} tx6


Jo+Uo

sf7df+8" ckgf gfd ;do–;do k/ abnt] / xtf x} . h} ;] s'5

algof–a} tfn ;/ sf/ L dx;"n 8sf/ g] s] lnP ckg] kmd{ sf gfd abnt] / xt] x} + cf} / ;/ sf/ sf] 7] +uf lbvf b] t] x} + . sfg"g c+wf eL tf] xf] tf x} .

lhtg] ks] ksfP, ;f] ln8 nf] u x} +, j] ;a tf] hfgt] xL x} + ls cfh sf sf7df+8" kxn] hdfg] d] + …sfi7d08kÚ x'cf s/ tf yf . sf7f] + -nsl8of+_ ;] agf d08k . cf} / Sof Û sf7 uf] bfd xL ;dem nLlhP g Û

cflbslj efg'eQm cfrfo{ a'9Þpm sf] g hfg] Sof ;"emf, ckgL w'g d] + dug xf] s/ pGxf] +g] O; ?v] ;"v] sfi7d+8k sf] ;/ n–;/ ; sflGtk'/ L agf lbof . pgs] hdfg] d] + k|s[lt, vf; s/ pkTosf sL cIft of} jgf yL . p;] ls;L g] 5] 8Þ 5f8Þ gxL+ sL yL . teL tf] pgsf] cnsfk'/ L sf] sflGtk'/ L gu/ L lnvt] ;do tlgs eL ;+sf] r gxL+ x'cf ls sn sf] sf] O{ eL sx ;stf x} – x] sljof] + s] k/ –k/ bfbf Sof] + t+"g] s/ bL– sflGtk'/ sL tf/ Lkm OtgL Hofbf . 5f] l8P, efg'eQm s] hdfg] sL aft sf] . hf] b'lgofF ;] u'h/ hft] x} +, pgs] ;ft v"g dfkm s/ lbP hft] x} + . nf] u P] ;f sxt] x} +– Kof/ ] kf7sf] +, O;sf o] dtnj g ;dem n] gf ls a"9] Þ xf] g] k/ v"g s/ gf rflxP . d/ g] k/ ;ft v"g tf] dfkm xf] g] xL jfn] x} + . d/ gf xL x} tf] rnf] a} +s n"6 n] + . O; zxLbfgf df} t k/ afnaRr] b'cf tf] b] +u] .

;fn–bf] ;fn kxn] sf jfsof x} . k8Þf] ;L d'Ns s] Ps 3g3f] / hf] zLn] zfo/ oxfF kwf/ ] cf} / cft] xL …sf7df+8"Ú sf] pGxf] +g] …kf] odf08"Ú agf lbof . gP gfds/ 0f s] pknIo d] + cfuGt's slj dxf] bo g] gP–k'/ fg] , 5f] 6] –a8Þ] ;eL ;fOh s] sljof] + sf] a6f] / s/ kf] odf+8" gfd sf] / f} zg s/ gf z'? lsof . ;nfd x} zfo/ s] hHa] sf] , lh;g] sf7df+8" sf] kf] odf08" agf lbof cf} / e"n] la;/ ] , c+w] / ] d] + k8Þ] , d"nk|jfx ;] b"/ v8Þ] , dfOs–d~r s] e"v] –Kof;] sljof] + sf]

lhGbuL sf e‘8Þf; lgsfn s/ s'5 / fxt dx;"; s/ g] sf ;'gx/ f df} sf tf] lbof . v} / === Û v'bf s/ ] P] ;] zfo/ ufx] aufx] oxfF cft] / x] + cf} / ;flxlTos dfxf} n d] + udf{x6 k} bf s/ ] + .

ax/ xfn, sf7df+8" sf Ps gofF gfd ;'gg] d] + cfof x} . hfgsf/ ;"qf] + sf sxgf x} , oxL gfd ;f} kmL;bL jflha x} , pko'Qm x} . ox gfd x} – sldzgdf+8" . / fhgLlt s] ulnof/ ] d] +, k|zf;lgs k] +rf] + d] + ox enf–;f gfd u+"htf / xtf x} . a'h'uf] {+ sf dfggf x} , sdLzg sf bLds a8Þ] Kof/ ;] b] z sf] rf6 hftf x} . cf} / ls;L sf] sfgf] sfg va/ eL gxL+ xf] tL .

Ps th'j] {sf/ ;/ sf/ L ckm;/ g] ;'gfof– hfkfgL ;/ sf/ sL cf] / ;] g] kfn ;/ sf/ sL dbb d] + cg] s ;8Þsf] + sf lgdf{0f xf] g] jfnf yf . p;s] d'tflns ;f/ ] h¿/ L sfd xf] r's] y] . ;demf} t] s] sfuh l;km{ b: tvt s] df] xtfh y] . zfob v'bf sf] ox d+h"/ g yf ls g] kfn sL ;8Þs eL l/ Zjtvf] / f] + s] r] x/ ] sL t/ x rds] + . Otg] d] + g] kfnL dGqL g] k|Zg sf k6fvf 5f] 8Þf– Otgf ;a s'5 s/ g] s] afb xd] + Sof ldn] uf < cyf{t\ sdLzg sL / sd d'em] lstgL ldn] uL < P] ;L df+u Ps df] xt/ df dGqf0fL g] sL yL . ca gfd cf} / zlV;ot sf ktf km';{t d] + cfk nuf ;st] x} + . ;f/ f dfdnf v6fO{ d] + k8Þ uof . sdLzgdf+8" g] ;f/ f v] n v/ fa s/ lbof . hfkfgL ;/ sf/ sdLzg b] g] ;] tf] / xL . g] kfnL ls: dt cf} / ;8Þs bf] gf] + d'Fx afP b] vtL / x uO{ . zfob O;L ;"/ t] xfn sf] sxt] x} +– cf;dfg ;] lu/ f tf] vh"/ k] c6sf Û

x/ dxsd] d] + ls;L sf] eL k|df] zg rflxP tf] df] 6L ;L / sd sdLzg s] lnP t} of/ / lvP . 7] Ssf k§f xf] , tafbnf xf] , : s'n sf‘n] h d] + bflvnf n] gf xf] . d'2f dfdnf cbfnt d] + c6sf xf] – n6sf xf] tf] sdLzg sf / fdjf0f xL sfd s/ tf x} . jx c;/ bf/ ;flat xf] tf x} . cfkg] eL tf] ax'tf] + af/ cfhdfof xf] uf, O; g': v] sf] Û

d's'Gb cfrfo{ sldzgdf+8"

cfh sdLzgvf] / f] + sf] cfb/ s] ;fy lxGbL d] + bnfn cf} / c+u|] hL d] + a|f] s/ sxt] x} + . ls;L eL zAb sf ha c+u|] hLs/ 0f xf] hftf x} , ta ghfg] sxfF ;] jx zAb jhgbf/ ag hftf x} . cfk bnfn sf] a|f] s/ sx] +u] tf] jx ax't v'z xf] uf . xfnf+ls jx ljz'4 sdLzgvf] / x} . cfh sn ls;L eL k] zf sf] a'/ f gxL+ dfgf hftf . h} ;] uf+j b] xft sf xhfd zx/ d] + cf s/ …x] o/ 8«] ;/ Ú ag hftf x} , b] xft sf bhL{ …6] n/ df: 6/ Ú ag hftf x} . rk/ f;L sfof{no ;xfos xf] hftf x} . r"Nxf km"+st] –km"+st] lh;sf bd 3'6g] nutf x} , p;] …xfp;jfOkmÚ sx s/ rg] s] emf8Þ k/ r9Þf lbof hftf x} . p;L lgod ;] bnfn ag hftf x} …a|f] s/ Ú . cfk bnfn sf] a|f] s/ sx b] + tf] ckgL aQL;L lbvf s/ jx cfk sf] z'lqmof cbf s/ ] uf . ef/ t s] Ps a8Þ] zx/ d] + tf] bnfn dfu{ xL x} . ctM bnfn cf} / bnfnL sf] x] o g ;dem] + . cy{tGq sL gs] n ckg] xfy d] + lnP o] sdLzgvf] / pmkm{ a|f] s/ , pkm{ bnfn zfg s] ;fy b] z sL x•L d] + ;] dHhf r"; s/ dh] n] tf x} . cfksf] lhtgf s"9Þgf xf] s'9Þ nLlhP, ls;L sf] sf] O{ kms{ gxL+ k8Þtf . cfk s"9Þt] / x+] u] , j] r";t] / x] +u] .

sf7df+8" sf] eL sdLzgdf+8" sxg] k/ sf] O{ kms{ gxL+ k8Þtf . z/ L/ d] + h} ;] / Qm;~rf/ a] xb h¿/ L xf] tf x} , p;L t/ x cfh g] kfnL cy{tGq sf] sdLzgtGq g] lhGbf / vf x} . hdfgf abn uof x} , Sof sLlhPuf . bnfn agg] d] + ;+sf] r g s/ ] + .

cfk eL rfx] + tf] sdLzgdf+8" d] + bf] rf/ xfy cfhdf ;st] x} + . sdLzg jfn] k] z] d] + x/ ] { nu] g lkm6ls/ L / +u rf] vf . lh; t/ x k|e' s] cg] s ¿k cf} / cjtf/ xf] t] x} +, sdLzg s] eL cg] s ¿k xf] t] x} + . s'5 enfdfg'+; ckg] 3/ d] + h'jf v] nft] x} + . cf} / h'jfl/ of] + ;] sdLzg n] s/ ckgL pBdzLntf sf] k|v/ tf k|bfg s/ t] x} + . l/ on : 6] 6 -hdLg cf} / 3/ _ s] ljhg] ; d] + eL sdLzg sf zfgbf/ v] n xf] tf x} . cR5] lvnf8ÞL hNb xL dfnfdfn xf] hft] x} + .

d] / L OtgL asjf; ;'gg] s] afb cfk emv df/ s/ sf7df+8" sf] sdLzgdf+8" sx] +u] . sn sf7df+8" dxfgu/ / f: t] d] + o"+ xL ldn uof yf . cf} / d'em] pnfxgf b] / xf yf– ;'gt] x} +, cfk d] / f gfd abn s/ sdLzgdf+8" agfg] hf / x] x} + <

d} +g] sxf– t'Dx] + sf] O{ Pt/ fh tf] gxL+ < sf7df+8" d': s'/ f s/ sxg] nuf– lul/ w/ d'/ nLw/ sx] +, s5' b'v dfgt gfxL+ .

cyf{t\ lul/ w/ s[i0f sf] cfk d'/ nLw/ eL sx] +u] tf] j] yf] 8] Þ g b'MvL xf] +u] < lll


cWofTd

eujfg Jof; ;eL hLjf] + sL ult tyf efiff sf]

;demt] y] . Ps af/ ha j] sxL+ hf / x] y] , ta / f: t] d] + pGxf] +g] Ps sL8Þ] sf] a8Þ] j] u ;] efut] x'P b] vf . pGxf] +g] s[kf s/ s] sL8Þ] sL af] nL d] + xL p;;] O; k|sf/ efug] sf sf/ 0f k"5f . sL8Þ] g] sxf– ljZjaGw d'gLZj/ Û sf] O{ ljzfn / y Ow/ xL cf / xf x} . sxL+ jx cfs/ d'em] s'rn g 8fn] , O;lnP t] hL ;] efuf hf / xf x"F .Ú O; k/ Jof;b] j g] sxf– …dg'io olb d[To' ;] 8/ ] tf] plrt x} , k/ t'd sL6 sf] O; z/ L/ s] 5"6g] sf Otgf eo Sof] + x} <

O; k/ sL8Þ] g] sxf– …dxif{] { Û d'em] d[To' ;] ls;L k|sf/ sf eo gxL+ x} . eo O; aft sf x} ls O; s'lT;t sL6of] lg ;] eL cwd b";/ L nfvf] + of] lgofF x} + . d} + sxL+ d/ s/ pg of] lgof] + d] + g rnf hfpmF .Ú

Jof;hL g] sxf– …sL6 Û t'd eo g s/ f] . d} + ha ts t'Dx] a|Dx z/ L/ d] + g kx'+rf b"+uf, ta ts ;eL of] lgof] + ;] zL3| xL 5'6sf/ f lbnftf / x"Fuf .Ú Jof;

hL s] of] + sxg] k/ jx sL8Þf k'gM dfu{ d] + nf} 6 cfof cf} / / y s] klxo] ;] bas/ p;g] k|f0f Tofu lbP . tTkZrft\ jx sf} j] cf} / l;of/ cflb of] lgof] + d] + ha–ha pTkGg x'cf, ta ta Jof; hL g] hfs/ p;s] k"j{hGd sf : d/ 0f s/ f lbof .

O; t/ x jx qmdzM ;fxL, uf] xf, d[u, k+IfL, r08fn, z"b| cf} / j} Zo sL of] lgof] + d] + hGd n] tf x'cf Iflqo hflt d] + pTkGg x'cf . p; d] + eL eujfg Jof; g] p;] bz{g lbof . jxfF jx k|hfkfng ¿k wd{ sf cfr/ 0f s/ t] x'P yf] 8Þ] xL lbgf] + d] + / 0fe"ld d] + z/ L/ Tofu s/ a|fXd0f of] lg d] + pTkGg x'cf . ha jx kfFr jif{ sf x'cf, teL Jof; b] j g] hfs/ sfg d] + ;f/ : jt dGq sf pkb] z s/ lbof . p;s] k|efj ;] lagf xL k9Þ] p;] ;Dk"0f{ j] b, zf: q cf} / wd{ sf : d/ 0f xf] cfof . k'gM eujfg Jof;b] j g] p;] cf1f bL ls jx sflt{s] o s] If] q d] + hfs/ gGbeb| sf] cfZjf;g b] . gGbeb| sf] ox z+sf yL ls kfkL dg'io eL ;'vL Sof] + b] v] hft] x} + < O;L Sn] z ;] 3a/ fs/ j] ax"bs tLy{k/ tk s/ / x] y] . gGbeb| sL z+sf sf ;dfwfg s/ t] x'P p; l;4 ;f/ : jt afns g] sxf– …kfkL dg'io ;'vL Sof] + / xt] x} +, ox tf] a8Þf : ki6 x} . lhGxf] +g] k"j{hGd d] + tfd; efj ;] bfg lsof x} . pGxf] +g] O; hGd d] + p;L bfg sf kmn k|fKt lsof x} , k/ Gt' tfd; efj ;] hf] wd{ lsof hftf x} , p;s] kmn: j¿k nf] uf] + sf wd{ d] + cg'/ fu gxL+ xf] tf cf} / kmntM j] dg'io k'0o–kmn sf] ef] u s/ ckg] tfdl;s efj s] sf/ 0f g/ s d] + xL hft] x} + . O; d] + ;Gb] x gxL+ x} .

O; ljifo d] + dfs{08] ohL sL sxL o] aft] + ;j{bf Wofg d] + / vL hfgL rflxP– Ps dg'io P] ;f x} , lh;s] lnP O; nf] s d] + tf] ;'v

sf ef] u ;'ne x} . k/ Gt' k/ nf] s d] + gxL+ . b";/ f P] ;f x} , lh;s] lnP k/ nf] s d] + ;'v sf ef] u ;'ne x} , lsGt' O; nf] s d] + gxL+ . tL;/ f P] ;f x} , hf] O; nf] s cf} / k/ nf] u d] + bf] gf] + xL hux ;'v k|fKt s/ tf x} cf} / rf} yf P] ;f x} , lh;] g oxL+ ;'v x} cf} / g k/ nf] s d] + xL . lh; sf k"j{hGd sf lsof k'0o z] if x} , p;sf] ef] ut] x'P k/ d ;'v d] + e"nf x'cf hf] JolQm g"tg k'0o sf pkfh{g gxL+ s/ tf, p; dGba'l4 Pj+ efUoxLg dfgj sf] k|fKt x'cf, jx ;'v s] jn O;L nf] sts / x] uf . lh;sf k"j{hGdf] kflh{t k'0o tf] gxL+ x} lsGt' jx tk: of s/ s] g"tg k'0o sf pkfh{g s/ / xf x} . p; a'l4dfg sf] k/ nf] s d] + cjZo xL ljzfn ;'v sf ef] u pkl: yt xf] uf . lh;sf kxn] sf lsof x'cf k'0o jt{dfg d] + ;'vb xf] / xf x} cf} / hf] tk åf/ f g"tg k'0o sf pkfh{g s/ / xf x} , P] ;f a'l4dfg tf] sf] O{–sf] O{ xL xf] tf x} , lh;] Oxnf] s–k/ nf] s bf] gf] + d] + ;'v ldntf x} . lh;sf kxn] sf eL k'0o gxL+ x} cf} / hf] oxfF eL k'0o sf pkfh{g gxL+ s/ tf . P] ;] dg'iof] + sf] g O; nf] s d] + ;'v ldntf x} cf} / g k/ nf] s d] + xL .

O; k|sf/ gGbeb| sf] ;dflxt s/ afns g] ckgf j[tfGt eL atnfof . tTkZrft\ jx ;ft lbgf] + ts lg/ fxf/ / xs/ ;"o{ dGq sf hfk s/ tf / xf cf} / jxL ax"bs tLy{ d] + p;g] p; z/ L/ sf] 5f] 8Þ lbof . gGbeb| g] ljlwk"j{s p;s] eL zj sf bfxf;+: sf/ s/ fof . p;sL cl: yofF jxL+ ;fu/ d] + 8Þfn bL uO{ cf} b";/ ] hGd d] + jx d} q] o gfds >] i7 d'lg x'cf . d} q] o hL g] Jof;hL s] lktf k/ f;/ ;] lji0f' k'/ f0f tyf j[xt\ k/ fz/ xf] / f, xf] / f zf: q gfds ljzfn Hof] lt;u|Gy sf cWoog lsof yf . lll

k"j{hGd sf sd{ kmn

/jLGb| emf ‘z+s/’

h;sf kxn] sf eL k'0o gxL+ x} cf} / hf] oxfF eL k'0o sf pkfh{g gxL+ s/ tf . P] ;] dg'iof] + sf] g O; nf] s d] + ;'v ldntf x} cf} / g k/ nf] s d] + xL .


lxGb' wdf{jnDaL b] z g] kfn—ef/ t sL ;+: s[lt xL P] ;L x} hxfF k/ Ps ;fy nfvf] + nf] u hdf xf] t] x} . k'/ fgL ;F: s[lt cf} / k/ Dk/ f sf] k|To] s jif{ : d/ 0f s/ t] x'P d] nf sf cfof] hg xf] tf x} cf} / b'Mv—;'v Ps ;fy afF6t] x} . k|To] ] s b] z sL ckgL ;+: s[lt xf] tL x} . n] lsg ldlynf~rn sL ;fF: s[lt xL cgf] vL x} hf] sxL+ ;] gxL ldntL h'ntL x} . p;d] + eL hgsk'/ d] + k'?iff] Qd eujfg / fd cf} / cfbz{ gf/ L ;Ltf sf …ljjfxf] T;j kj{Ú P] ;f x} hxfF k/ lagf lgdGq0f s] nfvf] + nf] u af/ ft cft] x} .

q] tf o'u ;] rntL cf / xL ox k/ Dk/ f lhtgL k'/ fgL xf] tL hf / xL x} ptgL xL p;d] + / f} gs a9ÞtL hf / xL x} . ;fF: s[lts cf} / wfld{s k/ Dk/ f xf] g] s] gft] g] kfn cf} / ef/ t s] sf] g] sf] g] ;] ;Gt—dxGy, ;fw'—dxfTdf, dlxnfPF, k'?if Pj+ b] z—ljb] z s] ko{6s ljjfxf] T;j d] + hgsk'/ cfo] y] . ;g @))$ cf} / @))( s] afb @)!$ d] + ef/ t cof] Wof ;] / fd sL af/ ft hgsk'/ cfoL yL . lhGx] + / fd ;Ltf s] ltnsf] T;j cf} / : jo+j/ d] + g] kfnL ;] gf g] / fi6«Lo w'g ;] : jfut lsof yf . O; af/ ef/ tLo k|wfgdGqL g/ ] Gb| df] bL hL : jo+ / fd sL af/ ft d] + hgsk'/ cfgf rfxt] y] . n] lsg / fhgLlts cl: y/ tf s] sf/ 0f jx hgsk'/ gxL cf ;s] .

hgsk'/ sf] 1fg e"ld, tkf] e"ld, ljb] x e"ld, ;Ltf e"ld, hgs e"ld bh{gf] + gfd ;] hfgf hftf x} . wfld{s u|Gy s] cg';f/ oxfF k/ q] tf o'u d] ] + b] jtf nf] u eL cfg] s] lnP nfnflot xf] t] y] . O; e"ld sf dxTj en] xL g] kfn ;/ sf/ gxL ;dem ;sL xf] n] lsg ef/ t s] k|wfgdGqL g/ ] Gb| df] bL oxfF sL ld6\6L sf ltns nufgf rfxt] y] . p;d] + eL gh/ nuL cf} / j] gxL cf ;s] . hgsk'/ d] + OtgL a8L ;Ff: s[lts kj{ dgfoL hftL x} n] lsg g] kfn ;/ sf/ / fi6«Lo 5'§L Sof, : yfgLo 5'§L eL gxL b] tL . ox hgsk'/ jf;L s] lnP ;a;] b'MvbfoL x} . Ps cf] / O; ;fF: s[lts kj{ sf] g] kfnL ;] gf / fi6«Lo w'g ;] : jfut s/ tf x} , b";/ L cf] / ;/ sf/ O; cf] / Wofg gxL+ b] tL . .

hgsk'/ d] + / fd—hfgsL ljjfxf] T;j ;KtfxJofkL ¿k d] + dgfof hftf x} . t'n;L bf; åf/ f lnlvt / fdfo0f s] cfwf/ k/ ;eL k/ Dk/ f Pj+ ljlw ljwfg cg';f/ ljjfxf] T;j xf] tf x} . vf;s/ ltnsf] T;j, d6sf] / cf} / / fd—;Ltf sf : jo+/ j} jflxs sfo{qmd b] vg] s] lnP g] kfn—ef/ t xL gxL vf8ÞL d'Ns ;] nfvf] + nf] u cft] x} . tLg lbgf] + ts hgsk'/ ;Ltf d} of sL ho . >L / fd eujfg sL ho kl/ 5g,

;dbfjg uLtf] + s] ;fy xL dlxnf åf/ f bL uO{ ufnL af/ ft nf] u a8Þ] cfgGb ;] ;'gt] x} + .

O;af/ cuxg ! ut] ef/ t cof] Wof ;] snfTds emfFsL ;lxt s/ La tLg ;f} sL af/ ftL / y s] ;fy gfrufg s/ t] x'P hgsk'/ cfo] y] . hals / fd hfgsL ljjfxf] T;j !! ut] sf] yf . ef/ tLo dLl8of g] eL hds/ k|;f/ 0f lsof . cof] Wof ;] rnL tLg ;f} af/ ft hgsk'/ cft] cft] Ps nfv ;] Hofbf xf] g] sf cg'dfg hgsk'/ jf;L s/ / x] x} . j} ;] g] kfn ef/ t ;lxt bf] nfv ;] Hofbf O; dxf] T;j d] + ;xefuL y] .

cof] Wof ;] lgsnL af/ ft d] + cof] Wof s] dxGy ;'/ ] z bf; / fhf bz/ y sL e"ldsf d] + y] . Clifs] z l;4 xg'dfg dlGb/ s] dxGy / fd] Zj/ bf; j} i0fj u'? jlzi6 sL e"ldsf d] + y] . j} ;] af/ ftL ags/ xl/ åf/ s] dxGy df] xgbf; / fdfo0fL, hDd" s] dxGy ds;"bg bf;, u'h/ ft s] dxGy u+uf bf;, j[Gbfjg s] dxGy sflGt bf;, xl/ åf/ h"gf cvf8f s] dxGy / jLGb| bf;, Onfxfjfb s] dxGy / fdlt/ y bf;, cof] Wof s] dxGy sGx} of bf; af/ ft s] ;fy cfo] y] . p;L k|sf/ ljZj lxGb' kl/ ifb\ s] ljlzi6 JolQm eL cfo] y] . kl/ ifb s] cGt/ f{i6«Lo dxfdGqL rDkIf / fd, cGt/ f{i6«Lo pkfWoIf hLj] Zj/ ld>, s] Gb|Lo ;lrj / fh] Gb| l;+x k+sh, k"j{ k|b] z cWoIf efu] / fd uu{, s] Gb|Lo ;xdGqL cfnf] s ltjf/ L, wd{of1f dxf;+3 ;+of] hs ;'gLn zdf{, kl/ ifb s] s] Gb|Lo ;xdGqL lqnf] sgfy kf08] , If] qLo dGqL g/ kt l;+x z] vfjt cf} / s] Gb|Lo dGqL sL6] Zj/ zdf{ y] .8f] d ;d'bfo g] lsof hds/ : jfut

O; af/ / fd—hfgsL ljjfxf] T;j d] + : jfut sf ghl/ of hf] b] vg] sf] ldnf jx ls;L sf] eL crlDet s/ b] g] jfnf yf . j} ;] af/ ft s] lnP gu/ eLt/ d] + bh{gf] + : jfut åf/ lgdf{0f lso] uo] y] . d} lynL snf

cl/ k0f, s] nf sf kf} wf uf8Þs/ : jfut åf/ , bLk hnfs/ bLkfjnL, d+un w'g tf] yf xL . hux hux ljleGg ;+3 ;+: yf åf/ f lzlj/ nufof uof yf . nfOG; Snj ckm hgsk'/ s] cWoIf u0f] z r} tGo a|Xdrf/ L g] ckg] lgjf; d] + >4fn' s] lnP r"8Þf, d"7L, dL7f, lj: s'6, kfgL, cf} ifwL, kmnkm"n ;lxt wg'iff lhnf k|d'v s[i0f k|;fb 9'ufgf, ;z: q k|x/ L pk/ LIfs / jLGb| 7fs'/ , k|x/ L pk/ LIfs u0f] z yfkf, ;dfh;] jL, a'l4hLjL g] ljt/ 0f lsof yf . j} ;] , wg'iff c: ktfn, ljBfyL{ ;+3, t] nL j} Zo sNof0f ;ldlt, snjf/ ;] jf ;ldlt, ldlynf ;dfh ;ldlt, u0f] z o'jf sld6L ;lxt bh{gf] + >4fn'cf] + g] lgMz'Ns ;] jf bL yL .

ef/ t cof] Wof ;] cfo] af/ ft sf df/ jf8ÞL ;] jf ;ldlt g] eJo : jfut lsof yf . ;ldlt g] ef/ t s] dwjfk'/ ;] : jfut s/ t] x'P hgsk'/ d] + lgMz'Ns ef] hg cf} / cfjf; sf Joj: yf lsof yf . Joj: yfkg ;ldlt s] cWoIf ;/ ] ; ;/ f{km s] cg';f/ ;'ax, zfd cf} / / flq s] ef] hg s] ;fy xL / f} lgof/ wd{zfnf d] cfjf; sL Joj: yf / vL uoL yL . af/ ftL s] ef] hg, rfo, gf: tf, kmnkm"n, b"w sL Joj: yf eL sL uoL yL .

Ow/ uf} ;+/ If0f d~r s] cWoIf hubLz dxf;] 7 b\jf/ f emfFsL / y lgsfn s/ gu/ kl/ qmdf s/ t] x'P bLkfjnL dgfoL uoL yL . n] lsg 8f] d ;d'bfo g] lh; k|sf/ ;] : jfut lsof jx ;a;] cnu lbvf . hfgsL dlGb/ ;] blIf0f klZrd ;8Þs k/ 8f] d ;d'bfo g] s] nf s] kf} w] sf] uf8Þs/ , cf6f s] lk7f/ ;] ldlynf lrqsnf cl/ k0f agfs/ pk/ ld6\6L s] bLk hnfs/ ;asf : jfut lsof yf . ptgf xL gxL p; / f: t] cfg] hfg] jfn] ;eL af/ fltof] + sf] caL/ cf} / km"ndfnf ;] eL : jfut lsof yf . ox hgsk'/ d+] kxnL af/ x'cf x} . lh;sL ;/ fxgf sL hfgL rflxP . lll

s}nfz bf;÷ hgsk'/

lagf lgdGq0f s] cft] x} + nfvf] + af/ ftLk/Dk/f


sljtfP+

ofbf] + s] em/ f] v] ;] ;"o{ sf] ;Lw] ckgL k'tlnof] + k/ em] ng] jfn] ,p;sL x/ Ps ls/ 0f sf] uLt agf s/ s/ 3] k/ tf/ –tf/ sftg] jfn] ,cf] kmSs8 h'nfx] Ût'd lsgs] lnP s/ / x] xf] w"k s] o] phn] k] / xg t} of/ <;'gf] , o] kunfP x'P nf] u cackg] z/ L/ k/ sf] O{ j: q gxL+ kxg] +u] <

– efg' ef/ tL

c+s'/ ;+uLtf emf

k[YjL d] + ;dflxt xf] s/ aLh c+s'l/ t xf] tf kn d] + .

s'5 lbg d] + xL lj: t[t xf] s/ x/ f e/ f jx j[If x} agtf .

sf] O{ kmn b] tf x} dL7f,sf] O{ b] tf km"n x} dxsf .

;a ldns/ / xt] O; e" k/ ld6\6L ;asf hLjg cfwf/ .

s} k;"n sljtf d} + v'zxfn;'gxnL zfd x} cf, uLt ufPF rf+b puf x} ;"o{ c: t xf] uofcf k|] d s/ ] + . l;Gb"/ L zfd;j{q ;Ggf6f x} / ; a/ ;f .

l;Gw'nL df9ÞL;f} Gbo{ sL vfg x} …OGHjfoÚ s/ f] + . oxfF sL ld§L;f} Gbo{ lav/ f x} r'gf] cf / vf] . ;f} Gbo{doL/ fgL sL k|ltd"lt{oxfF sL k|s[lt

8f= / fdbofn / fs] z

d's'Gb cfrfo{

df] bL cfP y] Pstf l;vfP y] j] Sof af] n] y] <

;'ax zfdo] lhGbuL tdfdn"6 nf] bfd .

g] tf sL of/ Lx} uw] sL ;jf/ Lvfs rn] uL Û

jf] s'jf+/ f x} slnof] + ;] v] ntfSo"6 -Kof/ f_ x} Û

nf] u k/ ] zf+a] zs nf] uf] + ;] xLs} ;f hdfgf Ûld= rdrflu/ Lo] hxfF eL hfP+ k|mL;a s'5 k|mL Û

b] z sf] km"+sf] cfltzafhL sxf] x} KkL lbjfnL Û

nfkm\6/ Snaag uof g] kfnb'lgof x+;] Û

uhnxdf/ L lhGbuL ;km/ d] + / xLckg] k/ fP s] c;/ d] + / xL .

;kgf ;/ ] cfd oxfF sTn x'cfenf seL gxL+ v+h/ d] + / xf .

jx cfbdL ca hfgj/ xf] uofox aft lstgf] + s] h] xg d] + / xL .

cfh sf xfn a'/ f x} oxfFax't sd Kof/ a;/ d] + / xf .

Kof/ s] abn] gkm/ t x} oxfFox aft lstgf] + s] gh/ d] + / xL .

t'dsf] pe/ g] ;] P] ;f x'cfjx eL puf hf] a+h/ d] + / xf .

ldlyn] z cflbTo


sxfgL

1fgL dxtf] sL xd] zf sL cfbt x} ;'ax–;'ax gbL s] s5f/ s] ;fy–;fy b"/ ts 6xngf . ox p;sL k|ltlbg sL lbgrof{ d] + zfldn x} . ;'ax p7gf cf} / nfn ud5] sf] s; s/ dfy] k/ afFwgf, gLd s] k] 8Þ ;] bft"g s] lnP ktnL ;L 6xgL sf] tf] 8Þgf cf} / p;] raft] x'P gbL s] lsgf/ ] –lsgf/ ] s/ La tLg lsnf] dL6/ ts rn s/ b"/ lgsn hfgf . rnt] xL rnt] bft"g s/ tf cf} / ha rngf vTd tf] bft"g s/ gf eL vTd . lkm/ gbL s] kfgL ;] s'Nnf s/ s] , ckg] abg sf sk8Þf ptf/ s/ ;/ k/ aFw] nfn ud5] sf] vf] n s/ , sd/ k/ nk] 6tf cf} / ho / fKtL d} of sxt] x'P gbL d] + 5nf+u nuf b] tf .

: gfg s] afb k"/ a sL cf] / d'v s/ s] ;"o{gf/ fo0f sf bz{g s/ tf cf} / eLu] j: qf] + d] + xL cFh'/ L d] + kfgL e/ s/ ;"o{ sf] cWo{ b] tf . k"/ a sL cf] / gbL sL ld§L ;] pj{/ f x'O{ w/ tL k/ a] zdf{ -sf; of emf} jf_ sL emf8ÞL km} nL x'O{ yL, lh;g] cR5] vf;] h+un sf ¿k n] lnof yf . yf] 8Þf–yf] 8Þf afn" sf s5f/ cf} / ld§L d] + km} nf a] zdf{ sf h+un .

lk5n] bf] tLg jiff] {+ d] + / fKtL gbL k"/ a sL cf] / sL hdLg 5f] 8Þs/ klZrd sL t/ km cftL hf / xL yL . gbL sL pj{/ f ld§L sL jhx ;] ca jf] hdLg afFem gxL+ yL . p;d] + ca a] zdf{ sf h+un km} n uof yf . 1fgL dxtf] b"/ ts km} n] p; h+un sf] b] vtf . nueu tLg rf/ aL3f d] + jf] h+un km} nf x'cf yf . cu/ O; h+un sf] sf6s/ O;d] + v] tL xf] tL tf] < of lkm/ yf] 8Þf rgf cf} / d;"/ l58Þs lbof hftf tf] lstgf cgfh xf] hftf . of gxL+ eL xf] tf tf] ufFj jfnf] + sf] v] tL of] Uo yf] 8ÞL hdLg tf] ldn xL hftL . x/ jif{ af9Þ sL jhx ;] hdLg s6 / xL x} . cu/ O; hdLg sf] xL cfafb s/ g] sf] ldn hftf tf] ufFj jfnf] + sf] yf] 8ÞL / fxt tf] ldn xL hftL . o] hux eL cxL/ 6f] nL s] kL5] x} . gbL kf/ hft] xL ckgL v] tL xf] tL . 1fgL dxtf] dg xL dg to s/ tf x} ls O; h+un sf] sf6 s/ cxL/ 6f] nL d] + lhgs] kf; hdLg gxL+ x} pGx] + b] s/ pgsf sNof0f s/ gf k8Þ] uf .

1fgL 3/ cft] xL d'nfod bhL{ s] oxfF kx'Frtf x} . d'nfod bhL{ ckg] 3/ s] cfu] v8Þf xf] s/ as/ ] s] d] +9 sf] Wofg ;] b] vs/ s'5 ;f] r / xf yf . teL p;sL gh/ 1fgL dxtf] k/ k8ÞL, hf] p;L s] 3/ sL cf] / cf / xf yf .

jx jxL+ kf; d] + v8ÞL vf6 sf] cfFug d] + la5fs/ dxtf] s] : jfut s] lnP t} of/ xf] uof .

æho g] kfn dxtf] efO{ . cfh d'nfod sL ofb s} ;] cf uO{ <Æ

æd'nfod efO{ O; ufFj d] + ;asL vf] h va/ / vg] jfn] cf} / xd] + 1fg b] g] jfn] t'd xL tf] xf] , t'Dx] + s} ;] e"n ;st] x} + <Æ

æc/ ] s} ;f g] tf dxtf] efO{ . g] tf tf] 7fs'/ / 0fjL/ l;+x, u+uf/ fd k6jf/ L cf} / d'lvof x/ ehg l;+x x} + . xd tf] hgtf s] ;] js x} +, sn eL ;] js xL y] cf} / cfh eL ;] js xL x} + . a} l7P .Æ

d'nfod s] cfu|x k/ 1fgL vf6 k/ a} 7 uof . b";/ ] sf] g] k/ d'nfod eL a} 7tf x'cf af] nf, æslxP dxtf] efO{ Sof ;] jf s/ ] + cfksL <Æ

æ;] jf tf] gxL+ Ps ;nfx n] g] cfP y] t'd;] . cfh ha gbL d] + gxfg] uof tf] Ps ljrf/ dg d] + cfof . p;L ;DaGw d] + nuf ls ;nfx n] gL k8ÞL . gbL s] b";/ L t/ km b] vf gbL g] nueu rf/ kfFr aL3f vfnL hdLg xd] + lbof x} . cu/ p;sf] v] tL of] Uo agf lbof hfo tf] nueu krf; 3/ sf] vfgf ldn hfPuf . gbL lsgf/ ] sL ptgL hdLg a] sf/ vfnL k8ÞL x'O{ x} . cf} / xd hdLg gxL+ xf] g] s] sf/ 0f si6 em] n / x] x} + . / fKtL d} of xdf/ L hdLg lgun uO{ . pgsL xL bL x'O{ hdLg k/ xd v] tL gxL+ s/ ;st] <Æ cu/ t'd ;nfx bf] u] tf] xd k'/ jf sf ldl6+u a'nfs/ aft cfu] a9fPFu] .

æaft tf] cfksL 7Ls x} dxtf] efO{ . k/ h+un ;fkm s} ;] xf] uf . lstgf sl7g x} o] sfd . h8Þ cu/ yf] 8Þf eL / x uof tf] h+un lkm/ xf] hfPuf . P] ;] d] + Sof xf] uf <Æ

æd] xgt tf] s/ gL k8] ÞuL d'nfod efO{ . d] xgt s] lagf tf] kmn ldng] ;] / xf . kfFr aL3f hdLg xf] uL . b; b; s6\7f hdLg cu/ Ps–Ps kl/ jf/ sf] afF6 b] + tf] eL b; kl/ jf/ sf u'hf/ f xf] hfPuf . xd zfd d] + ;asf] a'nft] x} + . nR5L cxL/ cf} / t'd, bf] gf] + ldns/ ls;–ls; sf] lstgL hdLg b] gL x} ox ;f] r s/ afF6 bf] . t'Dxf/ L aft ufFj jfn] eL dfg hfPFu] .Æ

æ7Ls x} dxtf] efO{ . cfk ;asf] a'nfOP, nR5L sf] eL a'nfOP . d} + eL cfpmFuf cf} / teL jxL+ xd ;a ldns/ ljrf/ s/ ] +u] .Æ

d'nfod ;] ;sf/ fTds ;f] r kfs/ 1fgL v'z xf] s/ ckg] 3/ nf} 6 uof . p;sL rf/ aL3f hdLg O;L ufFj d] + yL k/ lk5n] ;fn gbL s] s6fg d] + k"/ L hdLg gbL d] + ;df uO{ . seL ckgL hdLg sf dflns dxtf] cfh 7fs'/ / 0fjL/ s] v] t d] + a6] bf/ L k/ sfd s/ / xf x} . bf] e} +; x} + p;s] kf; lh;sf b"w a] rs/ / f] h sf vr{ ls;L t/ x lgsfn n] tf x} . k/ 3/ vr{ d] + xd] zf tfgftfgL nuL / xtL x} . cfh p;sL l: ylt h} ;L eL xf] k/ / f0ffsfn d] + p;sL eL lugtL a8Þ] nf] uf] + d] + x'cf s/ tL yL . jx cxL/ hflt sf dxtf] yf . ;a ;do sf km] / x} . ;f/ L zfg–zf} st vTd xf] uO{ . kxn] sf dxtf] cfh l;+uf/ s] ;fdfg s] h} ;f xf] uof x} . gbL s] k|sf] k d] + dxtf] sL kbjL s] cnfjf ;a ax uof . dxtf] oflg ckgL hflt sf k|d'v k/ cfh tf] O; kbjL sL zfg sf] arfgf d'lZsn xf] uof x} . p;s] 3/ sfd s/ g] jfnf nR5L cfh Hofbf ;'vL xf] uof x} . @))& sL qmflGt d] + nR5L g] p;] eL zfldn xf] g] s] lnP sxf yf . lsGt' / f0ff s] åf/ f lbP uP O;L kbjL g] p;] / f] s lbof yf . nR5L p;L ;do ;] ufFj sf g] tf ag uof . kGb|x ;fn sL qmflGt d] + eL jx ;lqmo yf . lhnf d] + p;sL cR5L OHht cf} / k|lti7f yL . @)!& ;fn d] + jx cf} / d'nfod bhL{ Psaf/ lkm/ 7fs'/ / 0fjL/ l;+x, u+uf/ fd k6jf/ L cf} / d'lvof x/ ehg l;+x sf babaf xf] uof . jxL nf] u k|wfg ag] , 1fgL dxtf] ckgL hflt sf d'lvof xf] t] x'P eL pgsL xfyf] + sf lvnf} gf yf . jx pgsf xlyof/ yf lh;] seL / 0fjL/ tf] seL k6jf/ L tf] seL d'lvof x/ ehg l;+x ckg] kmfob] s] lnP k|of] u s/ t] y] .

lsGt' hf] eL xf] nR5L pgsf ax't cfb/ s/ tf yf . hflt sf dxtf] cf} / p; k/ eL jx ;j{xf/ f xf] uof yf . p;s] / fhgLlts sfo{If] q d] + sf] O{ eL d'lZsn cftL tf] jx 1fgL dxtf] s] xL z/ 0f d] + cftf yf . 1fgL dxtf] sf] cfh eL ufFj jfn] dxtf] s] xL ¿k d] + : yfg

psf; ;gt / ] UdL


sxfgL

b] t] y] . p;s] lnP cxL/ f] + sL eL8Þ p;sL Ps cfjfh k/ s'5 s/ g] s] lnP t} of/ xf] hftL yL . nR5L cf} / d'nfod ;xL dfog] d] + jxfF s] hgk|ltlglw y] . hgtf tf] pg k/ ljZjf; s/ tL yL k/ lhnf s] g] tfcf] + sf ljZjf; pg k/ ;] p7 uof yf .

1fgL cf} / d'nfod s] ;xof] u cf} / qmf+ltsf/ L efif0f s] afjh"b nR5L ufFj sf k|wfg kb gxL+ hLt kfof yf Sof] +ls p;s] kf; hgan tf] yf k/ Gt' wgan gxL+ yf . ceL eL ufFj s] g] tf / 0fjL/ l;+x, u+uf/ fd k6jf/ L cf} / x/ ehg l;+x xL y] .

sO{ af/ P] ;f eL x'cf ls k|ltklIfof] + g] nR5L cf} / d'nfod sf] ckgL kf6L{ d] + cfg] sf Gof] tf lbof cf} / l6s6 b] g] sf nf] e eL lbof k/ o] nf] u ckg] l;4fGtf] + ;] gxL+ x6] . u+uf/ fd k6jf/ L bf] af/ k|ltkIfL kf6L{ d] + uof n] lsg l6s6 gxL+ ldng] k/ lkm/ ckgL xL kf6L{ d] + nf} 6 uof .

1fgL ceL eL 7fs'/ / 0fjL/ l;+x s] a6] bf/ s] xL ¿k d] + xL sfd s/ / xf yf . sO{ af/ u+uf/ fd k6jf/ L g] 1fgL sf] nfnr lbof ls d} + t'Dx] + hdLg b"Fuf t'd d'em] hLtfcf] d} + sDo"lgi6 kf6L{ ;] n8Þ"Fuf . k/ Gt' p;g] seL ub\bf/ L gxL+ sL p;s] lnP 7fs'/ xL ;a s'5 y] .

cxL/ f] + sL 6f] nL 1fgL s] cfFug d] + hdf x'O{ . d'nfod bhL{, nR5L cxL/ , x;g' wf] aL s] cnfjf bf] rf/ JolSt sf] O/ L, rdf/ , wf] aL cflb y] .

d'nfod bhL{ g] ;asf] ;Daf] lwt s/ t] x'P sxf, æb] vf] , / fKtL d} of g] xd k/ s[kf sL x} , gbL s] p; kf/ nueu kfFr aL3f hdLg lgsnL x} . xdd] + ;] lhgs] kf; hdLg gxL+ x} pg ;asf] b;–b; s6\7f hdLg ldn] uL . cu/ t'd ;a ;xdt xf] tf] jxfF s] h+un sf] ;fkm s/ g] d] + xdf/ L dbb s/ f] tf] sn ;] xL sfd z'? xf] hfPuf .Æ hdLg agfgf Otgf cf;fg tf] yf gxL+ . sfd d'lZsn yf lkm/ eL ufFjjfn] g] lbg / ft d] xgt s/ s] hdLg ;fkm lsof . ld§L t} of/ x'O{ . ;asf] hdLg afF6L uO{ . d] xgt g] ckgf / +u lbvfof s'5 xL lbg d] + hdLg k/ km;n nxnxfg] nuL .

1fgL dxtf] , d'nfod bhL{ cf} / nR5L cxL/ sL tf/ Lkm xf] g] nuL . k/ p; nxnxft] km;n sf] b] vs/ k6jf/ L, 7fs'/ cf} / x/ ehg l;+x s] tLgf] + g] q hn p7] . pg nf] uf] + g] hdLg k/ ckg] clwsf/ sL aft sL cf} / km;n k/ cfw] lx: ;] sL bfj] bf/ L s/ g] nu] .

ufFjjfn] ckgL d] xgt cf} / hdLg hfg] sL aft ;'gs/ cfqmf] lzt xf] p7] . cxL/ f] + sL a: tL d] + tgfj a9Þ uof . ls;fg d/ g] df/ g] k/ ptf? xf] uP . 7fs'/ cf} / k6jf/ L hfnL sfuh agjfg] nu] . gbL ;] agL p; w/ tL g] cfqmf] z sf jftfj/ 0f t} of/ s/ lbof . ufFj ljsf; sf cWoIf 7fs'/ / 0fjL/ l;+x yf

O;lnP jxfF Gofo ldng] sL sf] O{ pDdLb gxL+ yL O;lnP ufFjjfn] Gofo dfFug] lhnf cflkm; uP . jxfF hfs/ ckgL aft sxL . Ps cf] / 7fs'/ / 0fjL/ l;+x, k6jf/ L cf} / x/ ehg l;+x h} ;] / ;"v jfn] JolSt cf} / b";/ L cf] / ;ft ;fn ;] kf6L{ s] lnP Tofu, tk: of h] n ef] u] x'P TofuL g] tf d'nfod afaf cf} / nR5L cxL/ h} ;] JolSt .

kf6L{ g] tf c;d+h; d] + y] . O;lnP pGxf] +g] t6: y / xgf xL ;xL ;demf . pgsL t6: ytf b] v s/ k|zf;g eL to gxL+ s/ kf / xf yf ls Sof lsof hfo . ;Qf;Lg kf6L{ s] snx sf] b] vs/ k|ltkIf v'z xf] / x] y] . j] pGx] + e8Þsfg] sf xL sfd s/ / x] y] . c+ttM ljjfb a9Þtf xL rnf uof . pkh sf6g] sf ;do u'h/ tf hf / xf yf cflv/ Ps lbg jx w/ tL s'?If] q sf d} bfg ag uof . pkh s] aLr ufFjjfn] xFl;of, 8f] / L n] s/ km;n sf6g] s] lnP t} of/ y] tf]

b";/ L t/ km km;n gxL+ sf6g] b] g] s] lnP aGb"s n] s/ 7fs'/ v8Þ] y] . d'nfod afaf cf} / 1fgL dxtf] s] xfyf] + d] + nf7L yL, nR5L cxL/ s] xfy d] + aGb"s .

æ7fs'/ ha ox hdLg h+un yL, teL O; k/ cflwkTo sf t'd ;asf] Vofn gxL+ cfof . cfh ha ls;fgf] + sL d] xgt ;] oxfF km;n nx/ f / xL x} tf] t'd ;eL O;k/ ckgf xs htf / x] xf] . Og u/ Laf] + sf v"g kLg] s] lnP t} of/ xf] . k/ ca o] 5n gxL+ rn] uf . r'krfk ls;fgf] + sf] ckgf sfd s/ g] bf] .Æ d'nfod afaf g] 7fs'/ / 0fjL/ l;+x sf] ;demfg] sL sf] lzz sL .

æb] vf] d'nfod afaf t'd a'h'u{ xf] , t'Dx] + ktf xL gxL+ x} ls o] xdf/ L hdLg x} . k6jf/ L s] vftf g] eL ox ;flat s/ lbof x} . O;lnP pkh s] cfw] lx: ;] k/ xdf/ f clwsf/ x} . cu/ ox dfgt] xf] tf] km;n sf] xfy nufcf] gxL+ tf] v"g v/ faf xf] uf p;s] lnP t'd lhDd] bf/ xf] u] .Æ

æSof aft s/ t] xf] 7fs'/ xd] zf Sof t'Dxf/ f xL zf;g / x] uf < ha / f0ffcf] + sf zf;g yf teL t'Dxf/ f babaf yf, ha k+rfot

zf;g x'cf tf] eL t'DxL+ dflns y] , cfh hgtf s] o'u d] + eL t'Dxf/ L xL x's"dt rn] uL < ca o] ;a gxL+ rn] uf . ca hgtf sf o'u x} O;] lsgf/ f s/ s] t'd gxL+ / x ;st] . r'krfk OGx] + ckgf sfd s/ g] bf] .Æ ox sxt] x'P nR5L cxL/ g] ls;fgf] + sf] km;n sf6g] s] lnP sxf .

ufFjjfn] km;n sf6g] s] lnP t} of/ xf] uP . 7fs'/ f] + g] pGx] + ?sg] sf cfb] z lbof, lkm/ eL ls;fg v] t d] + 3';g] sf k|of; s/ g] nu] . 7fs'/ f] + g] xjfO{ kmfo/ z'? s/ lbof . lh;;] pgd] + bxzt km} n uO{ . j] ;eL ?s uP .

d'nfod afaf ;f] rg] nu] . cfh s] hgtf+lGqs o'u d] + eL OGxL+ ;fdGtf] + sL x's"dt x} . sn eL OgsL rntL yL, Ogsf zf;g yf cfh eL o] zf] ifs x} + . ctLt sf dflns, sn sf zf;s cf} / cfh sf g] tf, ha eL OGxL+ sL cu'jfO{, OGxL+ sL x's"dt, xd xd] zf Ogs]

zf] if0f sf lzsf/ agt] / x] . xd] zf Og;] ;3+if{ s/ t] / x] . oxL hLtt] / x] cf} / xd xf/ t] / x] . ha ts OgsL ;dflKt gxL+ xf] uL ta ts xdf/ f pbo gxL+ xf] uf . ha ts P] ;f gxL+ xf] uf hgtf ckg] : jfledfg sL / Iff gxL+ s/ kfPuL cf} / g xL ckg] clwsf/ f] + sf pkof] u s/ kfPuL . d'nfod afaf cfqmf] lzt xf] s/ nR5L cxL/ s] xfyf] + ;] aGb"s 5Lg s/ pQ] hgf d] + rnft] x} +— k8Þfs==== k8Þfs==== .

7fs'/ / 0fjL/ l;+x, k6jf/ L cf} / x/ ehg l;+x tLgf] + ckgL 5ftL xfyf] + ;] bafP jxL+ v"g ;] nyky xf] s/ lu/ uP . jxfF v"g xL v"g km} n uof . v] t sL hdLg v"g ;] nfn xf] uO{ .

Ps 3G6] s] eLt/ jxfF k'ln; cf uO{ . d'nfod, nR5L cf} / 1fgL ks8Þ] uP . tLg nfz jxfF ;] p7L . d'nfod afaf sf] ;gsL, kfun cf} / xTof/ f 3f] lift s/ lbof uof . p; hdLg sf km} ;nf gxL+ xf] kfof . cflv/ jf] w/ tL ls;sL yL < 7fs'/ , k6jf/ L of x/ ehg s] ;Gtfg sL of lkm/ d] xgt s/ s] pkh k} bf s/ g] jfn] ls;fgf] + sL < o'u cf} / ;do cfh eL O;sf lg0f{o gxL+ s/ kfof x} . lll

ctLt sf dflns, sn sf zf;s cf} / cfh sf

g] tf, ha eL OGxL+ sL cu'jfO{, OGxL+ sL x's"dt,

xd xd] zf Ogs] zf] if0f sf lzsf/ agt] / x] .

xd] zf Og;] ;3+if{ s/ t] / x] . oxL hLtt] / x]

cf} / xd xf/ t] / x] .


ljgo bLlIft

l;km{ dfxf}n abnf g]kfnu+h l/kf]6{

gxL+ ?sf ck/fw

dfcf] jfbL hgo'4 s] afb b] z d] + 5f] 6] –a8Þ] ck/ fw s/ g] jfnf] + g] + ;+u7g

agfgf ;'? lsof, lk5n] lbgf] + k'ln; tYof+s cg';f/ t/ fO{ d] + !$) xlyof/ wf/ L ;d"xsf gfd lrlGxt lsof uof . lhgd] + hgtflGqs t/ fO{ d'StL df] rf{, eut l;+x h} ;] ;d"x g] ;/ sf/ ;] jftf{ eL sL cf} / cf} krfl/ s ¿k d] + s'5 xlyof/ eL ;/ sf/ L vhfg] d] + hdf lsP . k'ln; Ps–Ps s/ ck/ fw s/ g] jfnf] + sL w/ ks8Þ cf} / OGsfp06/ s/ tL / xL . dfxf] n cf} / k|rf/ bf] gf] + k'ln; s] kIf d] + yf . ;/ sf/ eL k'ln; sf ;fy b] g] nuL cf} / jftf{ s] lnP Ps 6Ld u7g u/ t/ fO{ d] + ;z: q ;d"xf] + s] af/ ] d] + hfgsf/ L Os7\7f s/ g] nuL .

k'ln; tYof+s d] + ha xlyof/ wf/ L ;d"x !$) lbvfP uP tf] lkm/ Ps r'gf} tL v8L x'O{ ls lstg] nf] uf] + ;] jftf{ sL hfP . jftf{ sf sfo{qmd ;kmn g xf] tf b] v lhn] sL k'ln; af} vnfO{ cf} / b'vL nf] lgof, h} ;] bh{gf] + ck/ flwof] + sf OGsfp06/ lsof . k'ln; g] nuftf/ rrf{ a6f] / f, nf] uf] + sf] nug] nuf ls ca lhnf jfsO{ d] + ck/ fw d'St xf] uof . cyf{t\ ca rGbf, ckx/ 0f, xTof sf sf] O{ vt/ f gxL+ / xf . n] lsg Sof jfsO{ k'ln; s] bfa] s] cg';f/ lhnf ck/ fw d'St x} <

lxdflngL g] @ ;fn afb tnfz sL x} – ck/ fw s] s'5 P;] xL s'5 tYof] + sLÙ lh;] hfgsf/ cfd nf] u xL gxL+ lhn] sL k'ln; Aoj: yf eL a] r} g xf] p7] uL . ck/ fw d'St lhnf agfg] s] @ ;fn afb lxdflngL g]

ef/ t ;] h'8] ;LdfjtL{ If] qf] + s] af/ ] jx ;Dk"0f{ hfgsf/ L h'6fO{ lh;] p; If] q s] nf] u / f] h em] ng] s] lnP dha"/ x} + .

lhn] s] s'Voft ck/ fwL l;sGb/ vfF, cfbz{ pmkm{ d] / fh ;fO{+, eut l;+x h} ;] nf] u ha h] n hfg] nu] tf] nuf ls ca lhn] d] + ck/ fw sf dfxf] n ;dfKt xf] uof . nf] u cdg rogsf ;fF; n] g] nu] . n] lsg rf} +sfg] jfnf tYo lkm/ afx/ cfof . a8Þ] ck/ fwL h] n tf] uP n] lsg pgs] gfd sf kmfobf n] g] jfn] nf] u ca eL df} h"b x} + cf} / ;LdfjtL{ If] qf] + d] + ckgf sfd eL s/ t] x} + . g] kfn k'ln; s] clen] v d] + km/ f/ sL ;"rL d] + jfG6] 8 P] ;] bh{gf] + ck/ fwL x} + hf] g] kfnL cf} / ef/ tLo bf] gf] If] qf] + d] + ckx/ 0f cf} / rGbfj;"nL sf sfd s/ t] x} + .

g] kfn ;] km/ f/ xf] s/ ef/ t d] + cf} / ef/ t ;] g] kfn d] + l5kg] jfn] ck/ flwof] + ck/ fw sf gofF–gofF t/ Lsf lgsfns/ cfP lbg rrf{ d] + / xt] x} +, P] ;] xL Ps o'js sL sxfgL x} , hf] ck/ fw If] q d] + l;sGb/ s] ;fy sfd s/ tf yf cf} / ca v'b p;sf gfd k|of] u s/ ef/ t l: yt ax/ fOr ;] xL ckgf g] 6js{ ;+rfng s/ tf x} .

afFs] OGb|k'/ ufla; jf8{ g+= ! s/ df] xgf ufFj lgjf;L : j=cnL axfb'/ vfF sf @% jifL{o k'q pkgfd ;"/ h l;+x g] l;sGb/ s] gfd;] rGbf p7fgf z'? lsof . p;g] bh{gf] + Joj;floof] + cf} / pBf] u k|lti7fg d] + kmf] g ;Dks{ s/ l;sGb/ sf] 5'6fg] s] lnP cfly{s ;xof] u sL df+u sL . ;"/ h sL dfF l;+x hflt sL yL . O;lnP p;sf gfd cg"k l;+x / Svf uof . ;g\ !((% d] + ef/ t ¿kOl8xf l: yt P;] DanL cfkm uf8 rr{ ljBfno ;] p;g] xfO: s"n k/ LIff bL cf} / a|fpg ;'u/ sL nt s] sf/ 0f afb d] + OG6/ dLl8P6 cWoog gxL+ s/ ;sf . : yfgLo nf] uf] + g] atfof ls % jif{ kxn] jx a|fpg ;'u/ t: s/ L s] cf/ f] k d] + g] kfnuGh sf/ fuf/ d] + eL / xf x} . p;L bf} / fg p;sL

dfF hf] : yfgLo s/ df] xgf k|flj d] + lzlIfsf yL+, pGxf] g] hx/ vf lnof cf} / lkm/ kl/ jf/ d] + ;"/ h cf} / p;sL kTgL dfq ar uP .

;"/ h g] ckgL cfbtf] + sf] ;'wf/ f gxL+ cf} / k'ln; ;] arg] s] lnP jx ef/ t d] + / xs/ a|fpg ;'u/ sf sf/ f] af/ s/ g] nuf . ;"/ h sL l: ylt hfgg] s] lnP lxdflngL g] ef/ t ax/ fOr sf bf} / f lsof tf] dfxf] n s'5 cnu lgsnf . ax/ fOr lhnf cbfnt d] + lxdflngL ;] aftrLt d] + : yfgLo clwjQmf df] xDdb z/ Lkm Olb|;L g] atfof sL j] ;"/ hsf] dfl;s ¿k;] rGbf kx'Frft] x} + .

;"/ h l;+x ckgf gfd kl/ jt{g s/ ax/ fOr d] + cg"k l;+x s] gfd ;] ck/ fw d] + lnKt x} , g] kfnL If] q s] o'jfcf] + sf] k|of] u s/ a|fpg ;'u/ , r/ ;, ckmLd, sf] / ] S; cflb t: s/ L s/ gf p;sf d'Vo k] zf x} . clwjQmf Olb|;L g] atfof ls gu/ sf] tjfnL ax/ fOr d] + cg"k k/ ckx/ 0f sL wDsL, df/ kL6, cfqmd0f, ufnL–unf} h h} ;] Pg;Lcf/ #@# cf} / %)$ cfOkL;L cGtu{t sO{ dfdnf] + k/ d'sbdf bh{ x} . n] lsg s'5 e|i6 k'ln; clwsfl/ of] + g] cg"k ;] ¿kP bf] xg s] lnP p;] 5f] 8Þ / Svf x} .

@ cu: t @)!# d] + clwjStf s] efO{ df] xDdb x';] g Olb|;L sf] cg"k cf} / p;s]

lhnf k'ln; sfof{no afFs] s] cg';f/ lhn] d] + s'n ;f9] # xhf/ ck/ fwL jfG6] 8 ln: 6 d] + x} + . l8P;kL ;'zLn l;+x / f7f} / g] atfof ls lk5n] lbgf] + cbfnt g] km} ;nf sfof{Gjog b: tf u7g s/ k'/ fg] ck/ flwof] + sf] ks8Þg] cf} / s} b tyf h'df{gf c;'n s/ g] s] lnP # xhf/ ^ ;f} nf] uf] + sf] jfG6] 8 ln: 6 d] + / Svf uof x} .

lhg sL s} b–cjwL afFsL yL, of hf] h'df{gf d] + k8Þ] x} +, ;eLsf] cbfnt g] cfb] z pNn+3g s] cf/ f] k d] + ck/ fwL 7x/ s/ t] x'P jfG6] 8 ln: 6 d] + ;dflxt s/ lbof x} . lhn] d] + lk5n] Ps dlxg] s] eLt/ !*% nf] u ks8Þ] hf r's] x} + . cbfnt sL lu/ km\t d] + cfg] jfn] P] ;] sO{ ck/ fwL x} +, hf] ckgf ck/ fw eL e"n r's] x} + . nDa] ;do ;] cbfnt s] ;Dks{ d] + gcfg] s] sf/ 0f s] ; e"n r's] nf] uf] + sf] cbfnt g] k"0f{ ljj/ 0f hgfg] sL eL Joj: yf sL x} .

jfG6]8 ;"rL d]+ ;f9] # xhf/ ck/fwL


;flyof] + g] ufoa s/ lbof lh;sf cfh ts sf] O{ ktf gxL+ rnf . x'';] g h} ;] ;fdfGo kl/ jf/ s] nf] uf] + ;] cg"k g] p;sL l/ xfO{ s] lnP kfFr nfv ¿kP dfFu lsP cf} / kl/ jf/ s] ;b: of] + g] @ nfv ts b] g] sL tof/ L sL n] lsg cg"k sf kmf] g lkm/ bf] af/ gxL+ cfof .

afFs] OGb|k'/ ufla; lgjf;L ;"/ h g] ca ax/ fOr sf] ;'/ lIft : yfg s] ¿k d] + k;Gb lsof x} . ;"/ h ax/ fOr l: yt df] xNnf vqLk'/ f aNn' vGgf s] 3/ d] + sd/ f n] s/ kTgL ;lxt / xtf x} cf} / jxL+ ;] ljleGg ck/ fwsf] cGhfd b] tf x} . gfd uf] Ko / vg] sL zt{ k/ OGb|k'/ s] bh{gf] + nf] uf] + g] ;"/ h s] af/ ] atfof ls jx ca eL l;sGb/ s] gfd sf bxzt a/ s/ f/ / Sv] x'P x} . nf] u ca eL ef/ tLo If] q ¿kO{l8xf kx'Fr s/ ;"/ h sf] cfly{s ;xof] u cyf{t\ rGbf b] t] x} + . ;"/ h s] ;fy % cf} / nf] u x} +, hf] ax/ fOr lgjf;L x} + . ax/ fOr d] + 5f] 6] a8] ck/ fw s/ g] jfn] nf] u cg"k sf] ckgf v'bf dfgt] x} + .

: yfgLo nf] uf] + g] atfof ls ;"/ h ;] ldng] cfP lbg k'ln; sL uf8L cftL / xtL x} , n] lsg ;"/ h g lu/ km\tf/ lsof hftf x} cf} / g yfg] n] hfof hftf x} . g] kfnL If] q d] + a|fpg ;'u/ sL t: s/ L d] + d'Vo e"ldsf ;"/ h sL atfO{ uO{ x} . g] kfnL k'ln; g] eL p;] 8«u 8Ln/ s] ¿k d] + lrlGxt s/ / Svf x} .

;"/ h ckgf ef/ tLo df] afOn &*#(!@(#&* g+= k|of] u s/ g] kfnL cf} / ef/ tLo If] q s] Aofkfl/ of] + ;] rGbf pufxtf x} . O; gDa/ ;] p;g] g] kfn s] sO{ : yfgf] k/ rGbf j;"n lsof . @ jif{ kxn] ef/ tLo yfgf ¿kOl8xf d] + t} gft k'ln; ;xfos lg/ LIfs ;'af; ofbj lhgsf kf] li6Ë eL xfh gu/ sf] tjfnL ax/ fOr d] + x} , pgs] ;xof] u ;] xL ;"/ h ckgf cfk/ flws ultljlw s/ tf kfof uof yf . lll

Ps bzs kxn] g] kfn cg';Gwfg ljefu g] afFs] h} ;k'/ d] + nfu"cf} ifw lj?4 h'lno6 gfds Ps ck|] ;g lsof . lh;d] + 8«u ls+u s] ¿k d] + kl/ lrt : yfgLo k'Qg vfF ;lxt bh{g e/ nf] uf] + sf] lx/ f;t d] + lnof uof . p;s] afb eL l56–k'm6 36gfPF ;fdg] cftL / xL+, k'ln; g] ckgL sf/ jfxL hf/ L / SvL . hf] ks8Þf uof, jx h] n uof n] lsg ck/ fw ydf gxL+, cf} / ca Ps af/ lhn] sL k'ln; g] lkm/ 8«U; s] lvnfkm cf/ kf/ sL h+u 5] 8 / SvL x} .

O; qmdd] + lhnf k'ln; g] ho;k'/ cf} / cf;kf; s] If] qf] + ;] Ps xKt] d] + ef/ L dfqf d] + nfu"cf} ifw ;lxt @% nf] uf] + sf] lu/ km\tf/ lsof . lk5n] # jiff] {+ ;] nfu"cf} ifw sf sf/ f] af/ a9Þtf b] v k'ln; g] ckgL ;lqmotf a9ÞfO{ x} . lhnf P;kL z] v/ sf] O/ fnf g] : yfgLo nf] uf] + ;] ;fy b] g] s] lnP cfu|x lsof, lxdflngL ;] aftrLt d] + pGxf] g] sxf– ox ck/ fw l;km{ k'ln; ;dfKt gxL+ s/ ;stL, sf] O/ fnf g] x/ ;fdflhs : t/ ;] O; SofG;/ sf] ;dfKt s/ g] s] lnP cfXjfg lsof x} .

P;kL sf] O/ fnf g] sxf– b} lgs Ps AolSt ks8g] ;] cR5f x} ls k"/ f g] 6js{ xL Wj: t s/ lbof hfP . k'ln; ;lqmotf s] ;fy nuL x'O{ x} , : yfgLo nf] uf] + sf eL ;xof] u cR5f x} . ho;k'/ ;]

k'ln; g] nfu'cf} ifw Joj;foL d'Vo bf] dlxnfcf] + sf] eL lu/ km\tf/ s/ d'sbdf rnfof x} . d'GgL cf} / efeL 6fO6n gfdsL bf] dlxnfPF nDa] c;] { ;] O; sf/ f] af/ d] + ;+nUg atfO uO{ x+} .

k'ln; g] cfly{s jif{ @)^(–&) d] + !^ dlxnf ;lxt ! ;o #^ nf] uf] + k/ nfu" cf} ifw d'2f rnfof x} . lu/ km\tf/ x'P nf] uf] + ;] # ;f} $# u|fd ^( ldnLu|fd a|fpg ;'u/ , ( lsnf] @) u|fd ckmLd, # lsnf] $ ;f} @) u|fd ufFhf, %! lsnf] * ;f} @) u|fd r/ ] ; a/ fdb lsof . O;L k|sf/ @)&)– &! d] + % dlxnf ;lxt ! ;f} #^ nf] uf] k/ d'2f rnfof x} . k'ln; g] $ ;f} #@ u|fd () ldnL u|fd a|fpg ;'u/ , ;f9] @! lsnf] ckmLd, %@ lsnf] ^ ;f} #% u|fd r/ ] ;, ( lsnf] $ ;f} u|fd ufFhf, # ;f} &# g] 6«f] h] 6 6] an] 6, ! nL6/ # ;f} ldnLnL6/ sf] / ] S; a/ fdb lsof yf . xfn d] + @)&!– &@ cyf{t\ $ dlxg] d] + % dlxnf ;lxt &% nf] uf] + k/ nfu"cf} ifw d'2f rnfof uof x} . k'ln; g] % ;f} @# u|fd () ldnLu|fd a|fpg ;'u/ , !% ln6/ & ;f} ldnL nL6/ sf] / ] S;, # ;f} g] 6|f] h] 6 6] an] 6 eL a/ fdb lsof . O; tYof+s ;] eL ktf rntf x} ls lhn] d] + l;km{ dfxf} n abnf, n] lsg ck/ fw gxL+ ?sf .

lgzfg] k/ 8«u / } s] 6g]kfnu+h l/kf]6{


ko{6g

/ fhf hgs åf/ f cfof] lht : jo+j/ d] + >L/ fd s] åf/ f tf] 8Þ] uP wg'if

s] gfd k/ g] kfn s] O; lhn] sf gfd wg'iff / vf uof x} . hgsk'/ wfd, dl6xfgL, wg'iff cf} / ef/ t l: yt ;Ltfd9ÞL / fdfo0f ;] ;DalGwt If] q x} + cf} / ldlynf ;+: s[lt s] kf] ifs cf} / kl/ rfos x} + . O; ;Dk"0f{ If] q sf] ldlynf If] q sxf hftf x} . g] kfn s] t/ fO{ If] q d] + cjl: yt hgsk'/ ls;L kl/ ro sf d'xtfh gxL+ x} . hgsk'/ wfd ;] !% lsnf] dL6/ pQ/ k"j{ d] + wg'iff ufFj x} . oxfF cfh eL kTy/ f] + s] 6's8Þ] cf} / lznfn] v x} + hf] Oltxf; ;] xd] + kl/ lrt s/ ft] x} + . blwlr sL x8\8L ;] ag] x'P wg'if sf] oxL+ >L/ fd s] åf/ f tf] 8Þf uof x} .

!&jL+ ;bL d] + : jfdL rt'e'{h lu/ L g] / fd d+lb/ sL : yfkgf sL . p;s] s'5 ;do afb dxfTdf ;'/ lszf] / bf; g] hfgsL hGd: yn lglZrt lsof cf} / jxfF / fhf dfl0fs ;] g g] lj=;+= !&*$ d] + !$)) aL3f hdLg b] s/ hfgsLdlGb/ sL : yfkgf sL . p;s] s'5 ;do afb nId0f d+lb/ , hgsd+lb/ cflb ag] . oxfF ;Ltf s'08, ljjfxs'08, wg'if ;fu/ , u+uf ;fu/ , ljifx/ f kf] v/ , / fhb] jL d+lb/ cflb sf lgdf{0f x'cf hf] cfh eL ljBdfg x} .

hgsk'/ Ps P] ltxfl;s cf} / wfld{s w/ f] x/ x} lh;sL ;+j[l4 cf} / ;'/ Iff sL cfjZostf x} . hgsk'/ / fhf hgs sL / fhwfgL x} . O;] tfnfaf] + sL gu/ L eL sxf hftf x} . hgsk'/ d] + xL / fhb] jL d+lb/ x} . hfgsL d+lb/ sL 56f ck"j{ x} . : yfkTosnf sf ;'Gb/ gd"gf x} hfgsL d+lb/ . hfgsL d+lb/ d'unsnf cf} / lxGb'snf sf ;lDdlnt pbfx/ 0f x} . hgsk'/ wfd ;] s'5 k"j{ slkn] Zj/ dxfb] j : yfg k/ pTvgg ;] s'df/ cf} / of] udfof sL k|frLg d"lt{ofF k|fKt x'O{ x} + k'/ ftTj ljefu s] cg';f/ o] d"lt{ofF !)jL+ cf} / (jL+ ;bL sL x} + . hgsk'/ s] cf;kf; sO{ P] ;L hux] + x} + lhgk/ cg';+wfg sL cfjZostf x} . Oltxf; ;] ;Da4 sO{ dxTjk"0f{ hfgsf/ L O;;] k|fKt xf] ;stL x} + . hgsk'/ g] kfn s] ls;L eL hux ;] ;8Þs dfu{ ;] hfof hf ;stf x} . sf7dfG8" ;] xjfO{ofqf sL eL ;'ljwf x} . oxfF / xg]

wg'iffM ldlynf If] q sL kljq wd{: ynL

cf} / vfg] kLg] sL cR5L Joj: yf x} . O;sL ;Ldf ef/ t s] laxf/ / fHo ;] h'8ÞL x'O{ x} . jif{ d] + nfvf] + sL ;+Vof d] + oxfF bz{gfyL{ cft] x} + . gjDj/ dxLg] -sflt{s z'Sn k+rdL_ d] + ljjfx k+rdL s] cj;/ k/ oxfF sL 56f b] vt] xL agtL x} . dfF hfgsL s] ljjfx s] cj;/ k/ xhf/ f] + sL ;+Vof d] + ef/ t s] cof] Wof ;] af/ ftL cft] x} + lhgsf e/ k"/ : jfut oxfF lsof hftf x} . x/ zfd u+uf cf/ tL xf] tL x} . hgsk'/ sf 57 dxf] T;j eL k|l;4 x} . lsGt' ljjfxk+rdL s] ;do tf] oxfF sL 56f xL lg/ fnL xf] tL x} . / fdgjdL d] + eL oxfF sfkmL ;+Vof d] + bz{gfyL{ cft] x} + .

hgsk'/ s] kf; xL dl6xfgL u|fd x,} lh;sf cToGt dxTj x} . dl6xfgL k+rsf] zL kl/ s|df s] cGtu{t cjl: yt x} . dfgf hftf x} ls dfF hfgsL sf d6sf] / -ljjfx d] + xf] g] jfnf Ps ;+: sf/ _ oxL+ x'cf yf . ldlynf dfxfTDo d] + O; hux sf] d[TvgL cyf{t\ ld6\6L sf] 8Þg] sL hux atfof uof x} . oxfF sL ld6\6L sf] Otgf dxTjk"0f{ dfgf uof x} ls sxf hftf x} ls oxfF cfg] ;] of jf; s/ g] ;] ;Dk"0f{ hLjgrs| ;] d'lSt ldn hftL x} . kmfNu'g z'Sn k|ltkbf d] + xf] g] jfn] kl/ s|df d] + hdft Ps lbg s] lnP dl6xfgL d] + lj>fd s/ t] x} + lh;d] + oxfF s] lgjf;L hL vf] ns/ lx: ;f n] ] t] x} + . dfgf hftf x} ls q] tfo'u d] + dfF hfgsL sf hxfF hxfF 8f] nf ?sf yf jxfF jxfF kl/ s|df sf 8f] nf eL ?stf x} lh;d] + dl6xfgL eL x} . O; If] q s] cf;kf; sO{ bz{gLo : yfg x} + . t;d} of s"k, d[tvgL tfnfa, lj/ hf gbL, b'UwgbL, od'gf gbL cflb . Og glbof] + sL pTklQ s] ljifo d] + sxf hftf x} ls o] dfF hfgsL sL ;] jf s] lnP cjtl/ t x'O{

yL+ . d[tvgL tfnfa s] kf; xL lj=;+=!&^^ d] + dsjfgL / fhf dfl0fs;] g s] åf/ f oxfF nIdLgf/ fo0f sf d+lb/ lgdf{0f lsof uof yf . hf] cfh eL jxfF x} . ;/ f] j/ s] g} CTo sf] 0f d] + gfuf lgjf{0f : yn x} . ldlynf If] q sL ox w/ tL tkf] e"ld s] ¿k d] + hfgL hftL x} + . ox j} i0fjkL7 x} d7fwLz sL k/ Dk/ f sL z'?cft oxL+ ;] dfgL hftL x} .

oxL+ hn] Zj/ gfds : yfg x} . hn] Zj/ tfnfa s] ljifo d] + sxfgL x} ls O; tfnfa d] +] cfh eL gfu–gflug sf jf; x} . hf] ;do–;do k/ lgsnt] x} + . oxL+ z'sb] j d'lg sf tk : yn x} lhgs] gfd k/ O; hux sf gfd ;'uf k8Þf x} . efu{j ;/ f] j/ z'sb] j ;/ f] j/ cf} / e[u' ;/ f] j/ oxL+ x} +, lhgd] + : gfg s/ g] sL dxQf x} .

ldlynf sf ox ;Dk"0f{ If] q Ps uf} / jzfnL ctLt sf] ckg] cGb/ ;d] 6] x'P x} . lsGt' ;/ sf/ sL pk] Iff sL jhx ;] O; hux sf] hf] k|l;l4 cf} / dxQf ldngL rflxP yL jf] gxL+ ldnL x} . ko{6g sL e/ k"/ ;Defjgf oxfF x} cu/ O;] a9Þfjf lbof hfo tf] O; If] q sf / +u¿k xL abn hfPuf . ljZj s] dfglrq k/ hgsk'/ of wg'iff lhnf sf] Voflt lbnfg] s] lnP ;/ sf/ sf] hf] k|of; s/ g] rflxP jf] gxL+ xf] / x] x} + . lll


cf:yf

nfvf] + b] jL b] jtfcf] + d] + Ps b] jL x} + u9LdfO{, hxfF x/ kfFr jif{ d] +

d] nf nuf s/ tf x} . ox d] nf ljZj sf xL ;a;] a8Þf d] nf x} . ox d] nf aln k|yf s] lnP clws k|l;4 x} . O; d] nf d] + lstgL ;+Vof d] + aln bL hftL x} O;sf sf] O{ k|dfl0fs n] vf–hf] vf gxL+ x} . xF;, d'uf{, sa"t/ , v: ;L, e} ;f

cflb sf sf] O{ ;xL tYof+s ldngf d'lZsn x} .d] nf s] ;do d] + u9LdfO{ eujtL s] : yfg sf] s] Gb| d] + / vs/

p;s] rf/ f] + cf] / gf} lsnf] dL6/ ts ;Ldf lgwf{l/ t sL hftL x} . O; lgwf{l/ t ;Ldf s] eLt/ sxL+ eL aln bL hf ;stL x} . O;lnP ;xL ;+Vof cf} / tYo ;+sng s/ gf d'lZsn xf] tf x} . ljZj d] + ;DejtM oxL d] nf x} hxfF ;a;] clws aln bL hftL x} .

u9LdfO{ d+lb/ af/ f lhn] s] al/ of/ k'/ d] + cjl: yt x} cf} / ox g] kfn s] P] ltxfl;s, ;fF: s[lts cf} / k'/ ftflTjs b[li6sf] 0f ;] cTolws dxTjk"0f{ x} . sn} of ;] cf7 lsnf] dL6/ sL b"/ L d] + ox d+lb/ cjl: yt x} . u9LdfO{ eujtL sL : yfkgf s] ljifo d] + sO{ lsj+bltofF ldntL x} + . dfgf hftf x} ls O; d+lb/ sL : yfkgf s/ La cf7 ;f} jif{ kxn] al/ of/ k'/ s] eujfg rf} w/ L g] lsof yf . Ps syf s] cg';f/ Ps / ft eujfg rf} w/ L s] 3/ d] + rf] / L x'O{ . rf] / sf] ufFj jfn] g] ks8Þf cf} / p;] kL6 kL6s/ df/ 8Þfnf lh;sf cf/ f] k eujfg rf} w/ L k/ nufof uof . lh;s] sf/ 0f p;] sf7df+8"s] h] n d] + 8Þfn lbof uof . eujfg rf} w/ L Ps cfl: ts JolSt yf . h] n d] + xf] g] s] afb eL p;sL O{Zj/ d] + cf: yf sd gxL+ x'O{ . h] n d] + xL p;] Ps ;kgf cfof . lh;d] + b] jL g] p;;] sxf ls, …ls; kfkL g] t'Dx] + h] n d] + e] hf x} <Ú eujfg rf} w/ L g] b] jL ;] ;jfn lsof ls, …cfk sf} g x} + < cfk hf] eL x} + d] / ] cfu] cfs/ d'em] bz{g bLlhP .Ú ta b] jL g] p;] ;fIfft\ bz{g lbP cf} / sxf, …t'd d'em] ckg] ufFj n] hf ;st] xf] <Ú O; k/ eujfg rf} w/ L g] sxf ls, …d} + tf] s} b d] + x"F enf cfksf] ufFj s} ;] n] hf ;stf x"F <Ú b] jL g] sxf

ls, …t'd k|lt1f s/ f] ls d'em] ckg] ufFj n] hfcf] u] tf] d} + t'Dx] + s} b ;] d'St s/ fpmFuL .Ú eujtL sL zt{ rf} w/ L g] dfg nL . tTkZrft\ ;eL l;kfxL lgb|fdUg xf] uP, h] n sf b/ jfhf ckg] cfk v'n uof cf} / rf} w/ L h] n ;] d'St xf] uof .

p;s] afb rf} w/ L g] k"5f ls …cfksf] d} + s} ;] n] hfpmF <Ú ta eujtL g] sxf ls, …t'd d] / ] k} / sL w"n sf] ckgL ku8ÞL d] + afFw s/ ckg] ;/ k/ / vf] cf} / dlGb/ sf lqz"n xfy d] + n] s/ rnf] . t'Dx] + v'b / f: tf ldn hfPuf .Ú eujfg rf} w/ L g] dftf s] cf1fg';f/ xL lsof . / f: t] d] + aftrLt s] bf} / fg dftf g] rf} w/ L sf] ckgL OR5f atfO{ cf} / x/ jif{ d] nf nufg] tyf aln k|bfg sL aft sL . lsGt' rf} w/ L g] x/ kfFr jif{ k/ d] nf nufg] sL aft sxL cf} / ljleGg kz'–k+IfL s] aln b] g] sL aft tyf b} lgs k"hf cr{gf s/ g] sL aft eL dfgL . O;L aftrLt s] qmd d] + j] bf] gf] + kf;fxf gbL s] lsgf/ ] xf] t] x'P al/ of/ k'/ ufFj s] a/ ub s] k] 8Þ s] gLr] kx'Fr] . hxfF d+lb/ sL : yfkgf x'O{, hf] cfh eL p;L hux cjl: yt x} . p;s] afb ;] jxfF k"hf cf} / x/ kfFr jif{ k/ d] nf nug] nuf . n] lsg jxfF lagf sf/ 0f csfn df} t ;] nf] u d/ g] nu] . ta eujfg rf} w/ L g] eujtL sL cf/ fwgf sL cf} / pGx] + ;f/ L aft] + ;'gfO{ . ta b] jL g] sxf ls k+rjln s] ;fy g/ jln sL Joj: yf s/ f] ;a 7Ls xf] hfPuf . O;s] afb rf} w/ L ufFj ufFj 3"ds/ g/ jln s] lnP cfbdL tnfzg] nuf n] lsg p;] sf] O{ gxL+ ldnf . ta jx k'gM b] jL s] kf; kx'Frf cf} / ;d: of ;'gfO{ . ta b] jL g] sxf ls ;] d/ L ufFj hfcf] t'Dx] + jxfF cfbdL ldn] uf . ox ;] d/ L ufFj ceL / f} tx6 lhnf d] + k8Þtf x} . eujtL s] cfb] z ;] rf} w/ L p; ufFj d] + kx'Frf, jxfF p;] Ps JolSt ldnf . n] lsg p;g] zt{ / vL ls eujtL sL ;jf/ L p;s] 3/ k/ xf] uL tf] d} + kfFr a"+b v"g b"Fuf cf} / teL ;] ox k|yf rntL cf / xL x} . k+raln

s] cGtu{t v: ;L, / fFuf, h+unL r'xf, ;"c/ , d'uL{ cflb sL aln bL hftL x} . kxnL af/ lh;g] kfFr a+"b v"g lbof yf, cfh eL p;L kl/ jf/ s] nf] u ox k|yf k"/ L s/ t] x} + . lh;] emfFqmL sxf hftf x} . cfh eL jf] ckgf kfFr a"+b / St b] s/ xL d+lb/ d] + k|j] z s/ t] x} + .

u9L dfO{ d] nf kfFr–kfFr jif{ d] + cuxg z'SnkIf d] + nuf s/ tf x} . d] nf nug] jfn] ;fn d] + cf;f9Þ dxLgf s] p;L ltly d] + emfFqmL nId0f / ] vf agfs/ ;Ldf lgwf{/ 0f s/ tf x} . ;Ldf lgwf{/ 0f s] afb p; ;Ldf d] + / xg] jfnL ax"–a] 6L afx/ gxL+ hf ;stL cf} / gf xL sf] O{ cf} / p;d] + k|j] z s/ ;stf x} . d] nf s] afb k"l0f{df s] lbg u9ÞL : yfg s] kf; xL ;+;f/ L dfO{ s] d+lb/ d] + v: ;L sL aln b] s/ emfFqmL ;Ldf vTd s/ tf x} ta sxL+ hfs/ ax"–a] 6L sf cfgf hfgf z'? xf] tf x} .

cuxg z'Sn kIf s] k+rdL ;] ci6dL ts d+lb/ d] + ljz] if k"hf cr{gf xf] tL x} . k+rdL s] lbg vKk/ k"hf xf] tL x} cf} / ;KtdL tyf ci6dL sf] a|Xd : yfg d] + g/ jln : j¿k kfFr a"Gb / St r9Þf s/ k+raln z'? xf] tL x} . / St r9Þfg] s] afb bLk : jo+ k|HHjlnt xf] p7tf x} . O;s] hng] s] kZrft\ aln b] g] sf qmd z'? xf] hftf x} . aln k"hf z'? xf] g] s] afb agf/ ; s] 8f] d / fhf xl/ ZrGb| sL ;+tfg agf/ ; ;] nfP x'P / fFuf -e} +;f_ sL aln r9Þft] x} + . p;s] afb cfd hgtf aln r9ft] x} + . dfgf hftf x} ls aln d] + r9Þfg] s] lnP ;km] b r"xf v'b xL cf hftf x} , bLk sf : jo+ k|HHjng oxfF sL vfl;ot x} . ;fy xL dfgf hftf x} ls oxfF v"g cf} / dfF; k/ dlSvofF gxL+ a} 7tL x} + cf} / dfF; vfg] ;] sf] O{ / f] u eL gxL+ nutf x} . d] nf s] ;do d] + cu/ ls;L s] 3/ d] + sf] O{ zf] s xf] hfo tf] jf] aln gxL+ b] t] x} + . P] ;] nf] u p;L jif{ df3 ;+qmflGt of kmfu'g ;+qmflGt s] lbg aln b] t] x} + . p;s] afb u9ÞL dfO{ s] gfd k/ kfFr jif{ ts sf] O{ aln gxL+ bL hftL x} . ox kfFr jifL{o d] nf d'VotM cuxg dxLgf d] + xf] tf x} . k/ ox cfiff9Þ ;] xL z'? xf] hftf x} cf} / ls;L sf/ 0fjz hf] aln gxL+ r9Þft] x} +, jf] kmfu'g d] + aln k|bfg s/ t] x} + O; t/ x ox d] nf cfiff9Þ ;] kmfu'g ts rntf x} . lll

rdTsf/ L cf: yf sf k|tLs u9LdfO{

eprk|;fb ofbj


;dfrf/

sf7df08",@! gjDa/ . lqe'jg ljZjljBfno cGtu{t s] Gb|Lo lxGbL ljefu s] åf/ f ljZjljBfno kl/ ;/ l: yt z] 8f s] ;efsIf d] + …lxGbL ;flxTo lzIf0f ;+uf] i7LÚ ljifos sfo{zfnf ;DkGg x'cf lh;sL cWoIftf ljefu sL cWoIff 8f Zj] tf bLlKt g] sL hals k|d'v cltly s] cf;g sf] dfgljsL Pj+ ;dfh zf: q ;+sfo s] 8Lg k|f 8f lr+tfdl0f kf] v/ ] n g] ;'zf] let lsof . ljlzi6 cltly s] ¿k d] sLlt{k'/ SofDk; s] k|d'v Pj+ lxGbL ljefu s] k"j{ cWoIf k|f 8f ;"o{gfy uf] k, lqlj s] s} Dk; k|d'v, ef/ tLo b"tfjf; s] 8f df] xg ax'u'0ff Pj+ cGo ljlzi6hgf] + sL pkl: ylt yL . O;

sfo{zfnf d]+ ;dflhs oyfy{ / rgfTdstf cf} / sljtf sf ;Dk|] if0f, cfw'lgs sfn d] gjLg uB ljwfcf] + sf ;[hgfTds cfofd, ljb] zf] + d] + lxGbL k7g kf7g sf cfofd tyf ;"rgf k|Bf] lusL o'u k/ lxGbL sf k|efj ljifos sfo{kq k|: t't lso] uo] . O;s] k|: tf] tf qmdz M dflngL ld>f , ljgLtf ;fx, ;+uLtf emf tyf sdngfy pkfWofo y] . o] ;eL : gftsf] Q/ s] 5fq 5fqfo] + x} + . Og sfo{kqf] + k/ k|yd l6Kk0fL st{f s] ¿k d] + 7fs'/ / fd ax'd'vL SofDk; jL/ uGh s] pk-k|Wofks s'df/ ;lRrbfgGb y] . p;s] jfb qmdzM d+rnf emf, a;Gt ljZjsd{f Pj+ ljgf] b ljZjsd{f g] l6Kkl0fof+ sL .

z'esfdgf d+tJo s] qmd d] k|f 8f lrGtfdl0f kf] v/ ] n g] sxf ls g] kfn d] ] lxGbL dxTjk"0f{ efiff x} cf} / O;] ;Ddfg ldngf rlxo] . pGxf] g] ox eL sxf ls pRrlzIff d] lxGbL s] k7g kf7g d] hf] ;d: ofPF x} +, pGx] b"/ s/ g] s] lno] k/ : k/ ljrf/ ljdz{ s/ gf rlxo] cf} / ;dfwfg sL lbzf d] cfu] a9Þgf rlxo] . ckg] d+tJo s] qmd d] ef/ tLo b"tfjf; s] 8f df] xgrGb| ax'u'0ff g] sxf ls ca Ps efiff ;] sfd gxL rn ;stf x} . lhtgL Hofbf efiff xd ;Lv] u] + ptgf xL Hofbf xd] kmfobf xf] uf . lqlj s} Dk; rLkm g] sfo{qmd cfof] hgf sL ;/ fxgf s Lcf} / sxf ls k|of; ;] lxGbL sf] cjZo cfu] a9Þfof

hf ;stf x} . O; sfo{qmd sf ;kmn ;+rfng nIdL hf] zL g] lsof hals : jfut d+tJo cWoIff 8f Zj] tf bLlKt g] lbof . ckg] : jfut d+tJo s] qmd d] + xL pGxf] +g] lxGbL k7g kf7g ;] h'8ÞL ;d: ofcf] + k/ eL k|sfz 8fnf . ;fy xL hfgsf/ L bL ls lxGbL sf] cfw'lgs tsgLs ;] hf] 8Þg] sf k|of; lsof hf / xf x} . sfo{qmd sf cGt ljefu sL lzlIfsf df} ;dL l;+x s] wGojfb 1fkg s] ;fy x'cf . O;d] + k|a'4hgf] + sL pNn] vgLo pkl: ylt yL .

– s'df/ ;lRrbfgGb

lqljlj lxGbL ljefu åf/ f …lxGbL ;flxTo lzIf0f ;+uf] i7LÚÚ ljifos sfo{zfnf ;DkGg


;dfrf/

;fs{ lzv/ ;Dd] ng sL k"j{ t} of/ L s] qmd d] + …j] nsd df] bL jfsfygÚ sfo{qmd cfof] hg lsof uof . sflt{s @( ut] zlgjf/ s] / f] h -gf] e] Da/ !%_ sf7df8" d] + …OlG8og l;l6h] g Pzf] l;Pzg ckm g] kfnÚ åf/ f cfof] lht …: jR5 g] kfn, : j: y g] kfn Pj+ lzlIft g] kfnÚ gf/ f s] ;fy xg'dfg åf/ ;] / fgL kf] v/ L, b/ af/ dfu{, afuahf/ , 306f3/ cf} / laleGg : yfgf] + sL kl/ qmdf s/ t] x'P a;Gtk'/ d] + cfs/ …jfsfygÚ ;DkGg x'cf . sfo{qmd s] k|d'v cltly tyf ;"rgf tyf ;~rf/ dGqL ldg] Gb| l/ hfn g] + ;Daf] wg s/ t] x'P sxf, …xdf/ ] + aLr k|frLg ;do ;] xL ;DaGw / x] x} +, cf} / b] zf] + ;] tf] l;km{ cfly{s ;DaGw x} n] lsg ef/ t ;] ;fdflhs cf} / ;f+: s[lts ;DaGw eL x} . pGxf] g] + cfu] sxf, …: jf: Yo If] q d] + xdf/ L r'gf} tL x} cf} / ;fdgf s/ g] s] lnP xd cfu] a9Þ / x] x} + .Ú sfo{qmd s] ljz] if cltly tyf dxfdlxd ef/ tLo / fhb"t g] + sxf, …g] kfn cf} / ef/ t aLr sf ;DaGw l;km{ ;/ sf/ f] + d] + ;Lldt gxL+ x} , nf] uf] + s] aLr eL sfod x} .Ú pGxf] +g] sxf, …P] ;] sfo{qmd ;] d} + ax't pT;flxt x"F .Ú sfo{qmd d] + s/ La bf] xhf/ sL ;+Vof d] + pkl: ylt b] vs/ pGxf] +g] ;/ fxgf eL sL cf} / P] ;] sfo{qmd d] + xdf/ f k"0f{ ;dy{g / x] uf, / fhb"t / ] g] : ki6 lsof . O;L t/ x sf+u] |; g] tf cd/ ] z l;+x g] + sxf, …g] kfn cf} / ef/ t s] aLr a] 6L–/ f] 6L sf ;DaGw x} Ú g] tf l;+x g] sxf, … lh; If] q ;] d+} r'gfj hLts/ cfof x"F p; If] q d] + g] kfn cf} / ef/ t sf ktf l;km{ ;Ldf/ ] vfcf] + ;] dfn"d xf] tf x} .Ú g] kfn sf ljsf; ef/ t s] ljsf; ;] h'8Þf x} , ef/ tLo gful/ sf] g] + g] kfn s] 9] Þ/ ;f/ ] If] qf] + d] lgj] z s/ s] oxf+F s] ljsf; d] + ;xof] u lsof x} . ef/ tLo k|wfgdGqL df] bL åf/ f z'? lsP uP …: jR5 ef/ tÚ sf cleofg s] ;dy{g : j¿k g] kfn d] + eL …: jR5 g] kfn, : j: y g] kfn Pj+ lzlIft g] kfn Ú gf/ f b] s/ cfof] hg lsof uof yf . O; sfo{qmd d] + ;/ sf/ L, u} / ;/ sf/ L ;+3–;+: yf ;] ax';+Vos nf] uf] + sL pkl: ylt yL .

–ljgo s'df/

pk/ fi6«klt åf/ f ;+: s[t ljBfyL{ k'/ : s[t

dxfdlxd pk/ fi6«klt k/ dfgGb emf åf/ f Ps ljBfyL{ sf] ljgfhf k'/ : sf/ ;] ;Ddflgt lsof uof . pk/ fi6«klt sfof{no d] + ;+: s[t ljsf; sf] if åf/ f cfof] lht sfo{qmd d] + jflif{s k/ LIff d] + ;jf{lws c+s nfg] jfn] 5fq ljgo s'df/ kGt sf] k'/ : sf/ tyf ;Ddfg -gub %! xhf/ cf} / tfdkq_ k|bfg lsof uof . sfo{qmd s] k|d'v cltly pk/ fi6«klt emf g] + ;+: s[t efiff sf] k|frLgtd efiff atft] x'P O;s] cWoog s] lagf k"jL{o bz{g sf] ;demgf d'lZsn x} , P] ;f sxf . …;+: s[t efiff s] cGb/ ckf/ 1fgsf e08f/ xf] g] s] sf/ 0f k"jL{o cf} / klZrdL b] z eL vf] h d+] nu] x} Ú–pGxf] g] sxf . ;+: s[t efiff s] ;Da4{g s] lnP P] ;f sfd xf] gf Ps k|z+;gLo x} cf} / O;k/ cleefjsf] + sf Wofg eL hfgf rflxo] . O;L t/ x sfo{qmd s] ;efklt tyf ;ef;b ;'/ ] Gb| s'df/ rf} w/ L g] + c+u|] hL efiff sL eL ;+: s[t efiff sL xL pkh atfof . ;+: s[t efiff s] 1fg ljgf g] kfnL efiff d] + z'4tf gxL+ cf ;stL x} . …j] bÚ sf] ;demg] s] lnP ;+: s[t efiff sf] ;demgf xf] uf, ;ef;b rf} w/ L g] sxf . sfo{qmd d] + : jfdL cfgGb c?0f, lzjxl/ d/ x7\7f, uf] ljGb 608g, ho/ fh cfrfo{ g] eL ckgf d+tJo k|: t't lsof yf . ;+: s[t ljsf; sf] if sL cf] / ;] cf] dk|sfz l;sfl/ of g] pk/ fi6«klt emf sf] …dfofsf] lrgf] Ú-6f] s] g ckm ne_ k|bfg lsof .

…j] nsd df] bL jfsfygÚ


;dfrf/

Gofokflnsf–;~rf/ dfWod d] + ghbLsL h?/ L

gjLgs'df/ gjn÷dxf]Q/L

dxf] Q/ L lhNnf cbfnt s] ;eL dfggLo Gofoflwz åf/ f k~r jifL{o of] hgf s] txt hgtf d] + Gofokflnsf åf/ f ljleGg k|sf/ s] d'2f–d'sbdf, h'/ jfgf Pj+ ;x"lnot ;DaGwL hfgsf/ L b] g] s] lnP lhnf s] ;~rf/ sld{of] + sL a} 7s a'nfO{ uO{ . dfggLo GofofwLz s[i0fd'/ f/ L lzjfsf] 6L åf/ f sfo{qmd s] p2] Zo sL hfgsf/ L bL uO{ . p; hfgsf/ L cg';f/ 5f] 6] –a8] Þ ;eL d'sbdf] + sf] ^ dlxg] ;] Ps ;fn s] cGb/ lga6f/ f s/ lbof hfPuf, P] ;L k|ltj4tf JoQm sL uO{ . O;] k~rjifL{o of] hgf s] ¿k d] + k"/ f b] z d] + nfu" lsof uof x} . pQm sfo{qmd d] + ljleGg u} / ;/ sf/ L ;+: yf s] k|ltlglw Pj+ lhnf s] sfof{no k|d'vsf] + sL pkl: ylt yL . P] ;] sfo{qmdf] + ;] Gofono s] k|lt ;j{;fwf/ 0f hgtf sf e/ f] ;f agf / x] uf cf} / Gofono Pj+ dLl8ofsdL{ s] aLr eL ghbLsL cfPuL O; aft sf v'nf;f lsof uof . k|d'v lhnf GofofwLz k|sfz v/ ] n åf/ f sfo{ ;Dkfbg sL k|ltj4tf eL JoQm sL uO{ .

/ fk|kf g] kfn åf/ f ;+sNk ofqfg] kfn sf] k'gM lxGb" / fi6« 3f] lift s/ jfg] s] lnP ;+ljwfg;ef d] + rf} yL a9ÞL zlQmzfnL kf6L{ s] ¿k d] + pe/ g] jfnL / fk|kf g] kfn åf/ f d] rL ;] dxfsfnL ts >L kz'kltgfy ;+sNk ofqf s] lnP dxf] Q/ L lhn] d] + cfjZos t} ofl/ of+ hf]/f] + ;] xf] / xL x} . kf6L{ s] s] Gb|Lo ;b: o rGb] Zj/ k|;fb ofbj g] lxdflngL sf] bL hfgsf/ L s] cg';f/ / fk|kf g] kfn s] / fi6«Lo cWoIf sdn yfkf sL pkl: ylt d] + Pj+ ;+of] hsTj d] + >L kz'kltgfy ;+sNk ofqf cGo lhnf] + ;] xf] t] x'P dxf] Q/ L d] + eL cfg] sf ;'lglZrt sfo{qmd x} . p; ofqf s] : jfutfy{ ;eL lsl;d sL ;'ljwfcf] + sL Joj: yf sL hf / xL x} . O; ofqf sf agg] jfn] ;+ljwfg d] + eL k|efj k8Þ ;stf x} , s] Gb|Lo ;b: o ofbjsf sxgf x} .


skf]{/]6 hut

a} +lsª If] q d] + Pjf8{ Pj+ ;DdfgO; ;fn sf æa} +s ckm bL cjf8{Æ Unf] an cfO{PdO{ a} +s g]

kfof x} . ljQLo If] q d] + dxTjk"0f{ dfg] hfg] jfn] cjf8{ a} +s ckm bL Oo/ a] nfot d] + 3f] if0ff ls uO{ . n08g kmfOgflG;on 6fOD; s] bL JofÍs/ lglZrt ;"rs s] ljZn] if0f s] cfwf/ d] + ox cjf8{ lbof hftf x} . b a} +s/ klqsf s] lg0ff{os d08n g] kfn ;] Unf] jn cfO{PdO{ a} +s sf] O; ;fn sf a} +s ckm bL O{o/ s] ljh] tf a} +ss] ¿kdf rog lsof x} . Unf] jn cfO{PdO{ a} +s ;~rfns ;ldlt s] cWoIf rGb| k|;fb 9sfn cf} / k|d'v sfo{sf/ L clws[t ah|frfo{ g] ;Ddfg u|x0f lsof . nG8g s] kfs{ n] g l: yt xf] 6n O{G6/ slG6g] G6n d+] b a} +s/ åf/ f cfof] lht sfo{qmd d+] o] ;Ddfg x: tfGt/ 0f lsof uof x} . sfo{qmd d] + Ps ;o #) ;] Hofbf d'Ns s] ljh] tf a} +s s] k|ltlglwof] + sL pkl: ylt yL . a} +s ckm bL O{o/ nDaL P] ltxfl;s k[i7e"ld jfn] ljZj d] k|ltli7t cGt/ f{i6«Lo : t/ f] + sL a} +lsª pkflw x} . ljh] tf a} +s s] Joj: yfkg pTs[i6, Jofj;flos ;+/ rgf ;Ifd

cf} / hf] lvd Joj: yfkg pko'Qm / xg] sf] k|dfl0ft s/ tf x} . ox a} +s x/ ] s jif{ Jofj;flostf d] + u'0ffTds ;'wf/ s/ tf cf / xf x} . a} +s ckm bL O{o/ sL pkflw k|fKt a} +s sL ;] jf d+] u'0f: t/ Lotf sf] k|dfl0ft xf] tf x} . Unf] an cfO{PdO{ d] + ut jif{ sdh{ P08 6«i6 a} +s dh{ x'cf yf . Unf] an d+] kf+r cGo ;+: yf eL dh{ xf] r's] x+} . r'Qmf k"+hL s] cfwf/ k/ o] lghLIf] q s] Ps gDa/ s] a} +s d] + x} cf} / ;~hfn s] cfwf/ d] + b";/ ] : yfg d] + x} . …;as] lnP a} +sÚ k|d'v p2] Zo s] ;fy : yflkt Unf] an cfOPdO{ a} +s g] + k"j{ d+] tfKn] h'Ë ;] klZrd d] + a} t8L lhnf ts ;] jf lj: tf/ lsof x} . xfn Unf] an cfOPdO{ a} +s sL *$ zfvf, *$ Pl6Pd cf} / #! zfvf/ lxt a} +lsË ;] jf k|bfg s/ / xf x} . O; ;] % nfv ;] Hofbf u|fxs nfeflGjt xf] t] cf / x] x} + . ut cfly{s jif{ a} +s g] Ps cj{ ¿k} of v'b d'gfkmf sdfof yf . O; ;] kxn] g] kfn ;] : 6\of088{ rf6{8 a} +s, g] kfn OGe] i6d] G6 a} +s, a} +s ckm sf7df8", PgcfO;L Plzof g] + ox cjf8{ hLtf yf .

PgPdaL a} +s @!=% k|ltzt b] uf nfef+z

PgPdaL a} +s lnld6] 8 sL jflif{s ;fwf/ 0f;ef z] o/ wgL sf] r'Qmf k"+hL s] @!=% k|ltzt nfef+z b] g] jfnL x} . a} +s ;rfns ;ldlt s] cWoIf kjg s'df/ uf] Nofg sL cWoIftf d] + ;DkGg !( j] + jflif{s ;fwf/ 0f;ef åf/ f a} +s s] ut cfly{s jif{ )&)÷&! s] ljt/ 0f of] Uo d'gfkmf ;] z] o/ wf/ sf] + sf] r'Qmfk"FhL s] @!=% k|ltzt nfef+z

ljt/ 0f s/ g] sf k|: tfj kfl/ t lsof x} . a+} s åf/ f k"+hLut cfwf/ ;'b[9 s/ s] k|lt: kwf{Tds Ifdtf sf ljsf; s/ g] s] p2] Zo s] ;fy k"jf{~rn If] q s] kflye/ f lasf; a} +s ln= cf} / klZrdf~rn If] q s] e[s'6L 8] enkd] G6 a} +s ln=, PgPdla a} +s lnld6] 8 PgPdla a} +s lnld6] 8 d+] dh{ ;DaGwL ;Demf} t] kq d] + x: tfIf/ xf] r'sf x} . O; s] ;fy a} +s dn] lzof d+] ;Dks{ sfof{no vf] ng] s] lnP g] kfn / fi6« a} +s ;] clGtd : jLs[lt eL k|fKt s/ r'sf x} . a} +s u|fxs sL ;'lawf sf] Wofg d+] / vs/ ceL ts @( zfvf, $ PS: 6] G;g sfpG6/ cf} / ## Pl6Pd dfkm{t ;] jf k|bfg s/ / xf x} .

l;hL s] go] + pks/ 0f afhf/ d] +

l;hL ODk] S; k|f ln l;hL a|f08 g] 8«d 6fOk s] go] + Eofs'd lSng/ afhf/ d] nfof x} . sDkgL O; ;] kxn] a} u 6fOk tyf a} un] ; df] 8n s] e} So'd lSng/ ahf/ d] nf r'sL x} . sDkgL g] + u|fxs sL cfjZostfcf] + sf] Wofg d] + / vs/ gof Eofs'd lSng/ ahf/ d] + nfg] sf bfjf lsof x} . j] 6 P08 8«fO ljz] iftf jfn] Og e} So'd lSng/ d] + jf6/ k|'kmkfj/ : jLr, kmf] lN8Ë Xof08n, Ol08k] G8] G6 8: 6 sG6«f] n l;: 6d tyf cf;fg t/ Ls] ;] bfo] jfo] + s/ g] s] lnP klxo] h8fg lsP uP x+} . O; e} So''d lSng/ sf afhf/ d"No ? *,$()÷– x} , sDkgL g] P] ;L hfgsf/ L bL x} .

k|e' dlg 6«fG;km/ sL goL pkxf/ of] hgf

dlgu|fd s] ;'k/ Ph] 06 k|e' dlg 6«fG;km/ g] + ckg] u|fxsf] + s] lno] goL+ k'/ : sf/ of] hgf nfof x} . k|e' dlg 6«fG;km/ Ps dxLg] s] lno] ox of] hgf ;~rfng s/ / xf x} . sDkgL g] + goL of] hgf ox dfu{ !% ;] cfg] jfn] kf} if !% ts rng] sL hfgsf/ L bL x} . O; of] hgf

cGtu{t dlgu|fd ;] k} ;f e] hg] jfn] k|e' dlg 6«fG;km/ dfkm{t k} ;f n] g] jfn] u|fxsf] + sf] ox pkxf/ ldn ;stf x} . pkxf/ d] + l6;6{ cf} / ls l/ ª / vf uof x} .


d] ifM -r"= r] = rf] = nf= nL= n"= n] = nf] = c=_ – d] if / flzjfnf] + s] lnP ox dfx si6bfos k|tLt xf] tf x} . dfx s] k"jf{4{ d] + lsl~rt\ wgk|flKt xf] t] x'P eL cGo kIff] + ;] c;+t'li6 / x] uL . t;y{ cfks] lnP …ç gdM lzjfoÚ sf hfk tyf xg'dfg rfnL;f kf7 nfes/ xf] uf .

a[ifM -O= p= P= cf] = af= lj= a'= j] = jf] =_ – a[if / flzjfnf] + s] lnP ox dfx z'ebfos gxL+ x} . dfx s] k"jf4{ d] + e|d0f ;] nfe k/ Gt' ljklQ, : qLsi6, zf] s sf] gsf/ f gxL+ hf ;stf tyf pQ/ fw{ dWod kmnbfos / x] uf . t;y{ b'uf{;KtztL sf kf7 nfes/ l;4 xf] uf .

ldy'gM -s= ls= s'= 3= ª= 5= s] = sf] = x_ – ldy'g / flzjfnf] + s] lnP ox dfx z'ebfos x} . dfx s] k"jf4{ d] + ;'v, wgk|flKt tyf ljho xf] uL . k/ Gt' zq'cf] + ;] ;fjwfgL j/ tgL xf] uL cf} / pQ/ fw{ eL cg's"n xL / x] uf . tyflk ;ts{tf cjZo / v] + . cf} / lzj sf k"hg s/ ] + .

ss{M -lx= x'= x] = xf] = 8f= 8L= 8'= 8] = 8f] _ – ss{ / flzjfnf] + s] lnP ox dfx dWod x} . dfx s] k"jf{4 d] + hxfF dfgj[l4, wgk|flKt, ceotf xf] uL . jxL Joo, / f] u tyf zq'j[l4 sf] gsf/ f gxL+ hf ;stf tyf pQ/ fw{ d] + Joo tyf zq'eo xf] t] x'P eL cGttM ljho tyf ;'vf] + d] + j[l4 xf] uL . cfks] lnP …ç gdM lzjfoÚ sf hfk nfes/ xf] uf .

l;+xM -df= ld= d'= d] = df] = 6f= l6= 6'= 6] _ – l;+x / flzjfnf] + s] lnP ox dfx dWod kmnbfos x} . dfx s] k"jf{4 d] + dfgxfgL, si6, zq'j[l4, lrGtf tyflk b|Jonfe, 1fgj[l4 tyf ljho xf] uL . pQ/ fwd{ d] + zf/ Ll/ s si6, lrGtf xf] t] x'P eL cGttM sfo{l;l4 tyf ljho k|flKt xf] uL . cfks] lnP ;"o{ sL pkf;gf nfes/ xf] uL .

sGofM -6f] = k= kL= k"= if= 0f= 7= k] = kf] =_ – sGof / flzjfnf] + s] lnP ox dfx clt z'ebfos / x] uf . dfx s] k"jf{4 d] + wgk|flKt, rf} kfof nfe, ;'v tyf sfo{l;l4 xf] uL . k/ Gt' / f] u ;] ar] + . pQ/ fw{ eL ;fdfGotof z'ebfos xL x} . k/ Gt' af] nL d] + ;ts{tf tyf cfn: otf ;] ar] + . cfks] lnP xfg'dfgrfnL;f sf kf7 nfes/ / x] uf .

t'nfM -/ f= l/ = ?= / ] = / f] = tf= tL= t'= t] =_ – t'nf / flzjfnf] + s] lnP ox dfx dWod kmnbfos / x] uf . ox dfx k"jf{4 d] + eo, zf] s, zq'eo xf] t] x'P eL b|Jonfe tyf pGglt xf] uL tyf pQ/ fw{ d] + si6, s8Þf kl/ >d s] jfjh"b wgk|flKt tyf sfo{l;l4 xf] uL . t'nf / flzjfnf] + s] lnP lji0f';x;|gfd sf kf7 >] ois/ xf] uf .

j[lZrsM -tf] gf= lg= g'= gf] = of= lo= o'_ – j[lZrs / flzjfnf] + s] lnP ox dfx z'ebfos / x] uf . dfx s] k"jf{4 d] + wgk|flKt, ;'v, sfo{l;l4 . k/ Gt' : yfg xflg tyf c1ft eo agf / x] uf . pQ/ fw{ d] + rf} kfof ;'v, gjsfo{ cf/ De, b|Jonfe, 1fgj[l4 . k/ Gt' lrGtf sf] gsf/ f gxL+ hf ;stf . t;y{ b'uf{;KtztL sf kf7 nfes/ xf] uf .

wg'M -o= of] = ef= eL= e"= w= kmf= 9= e] =_ – wg' / flzjfnf] + s] lnP ox dfx z'ebfos gxL+ sxf hf ;stf . dfx s] k"jf{4 d] + / f] u, wggfz, dfgl;s tgfj, zq' j[l4, k/ Gt' cGttM ljho k|flKt tyf pQ/ fw{ eL si6bfos xL k|tLt xf] tf x} . t;y{ ;'Gb/ sf08 sf kf7 s/ ] + .

ds/ M -ef] = hf= hL= h'= h] = hf] = v= lv= v'= vf] = uf= uL_ – ds/ / flzjfnf] + s] lnP ox dfx clt z'e kmnbfos / x] uf . dfx s] k"jf{4 d] + b|Jonfe, dfgj[l4, cfo'j[l4, sfo{l;l4 tyf rf} kfof nfe tyflk aGwg sf cg'ej . pQ/ fw{ d] + eL ;'v k|flKt, k/ Gt' xflg tyf dfgl;s tgfj sf] gsf/ f gxL+ hf ;stf . t;y{ cfk lji0f';x;|gfd sf kf7 s/ ] + .

s'DeM -u'= u] = uf] = ;f= ;L= ;'= ;] = ;f] = b=_ – s'De / flzjfnf] + s] lnP ox dfx dfgl;s tgfj xf] t] x'P eL wgk|flKt, ;'v tyf sd{l;l4 xf] uL . pQ/ fw{ d] + b|Jonfe, k/ Gt' 3/ fo;L cgag sf] gsf/ f gxL+ hf ;stf . t;y{ …ç gdM lzjfoÚ sf hfk >] ois/ / x] uf .

dLgM -bL= b'= y= em= `= b] = bf] = bL= r= rL_ – dLg / flzjfnf] + s] lnP ox dfx dWod kmnbfos x} . dfx s] k"jf{4 d] + cfly{s sdhf] / L, wd{xflg, si6 tyf 1fgj[l4, k'q;'v k|flKt xf] uL tyf pQ/ fw{ d] + eL wd{ xflg cf} / / f] u k/ Gt' cGttM sfo{l;l4 sf of] u x} . cfks] lnP …ç gdM j[x: kto] gdMÚ sf hfk nfes/ l;4 xf] uf .

-ox / flzkmn ! dfr{ ;] n] s/ #! dfr{ ts nfu" xf] uf_/ flzkmn k|: t't / flzkmn ! lb;Da/ ;]

#) lb;Da/ ts nfu" xf] uf

n] vsM k+=Hof] = x/ ] s[i0f emf -Hof] ltiffrfo{_df] = g= (*$$)&@!(^, sf7df+8"

dxf]Q/L lgdf{0f Joj;foL ;+3 sL !!jL+ ;fwf/0f ;ef åf/f ;j{;xdlt ;] lglj{/f]w cWoIf kb k/ r'g] hfg] k/ hogfy s'Fj/ hL sf] xflb{s awfO b]tf x"F . Pj+ pgs] sfo{sfn sL ;kmntf Pj+ k|ult sL d+un sfdgf s/tf x"F .

lbk' s'df/ ;fx s]Gb|Lo ;b:o

-d=h=kmf]=g]kfn nf]stflGqs _ Pj+ k|yd pkfWoIf h=p=jf= ;+3 hn]Zj/ dxf]Q/L

xflb{s awfO{


k|d'v snfsf/ M cho b] jug, ;f] gfIfL l;Gxf, ofdL uf} td, s'0ffn / f‘o sk"/ , dg: jL dduO{, ;f] g" ;"b cf} / cfg+b / fh .

lgb{] zs M k|e' b] jf;+uLtsf/ M lxd] z / ] zldof

;xL sxt] x} + . cu/ a'/ L k|j[lQ of cfbt k/ cf/ +e d] + xL / f] s g nufO{ hfP tf] jx cfu] rn s/ gf;"/ ag hftL x} . k|eÚ b] jf g] lkmNd …jf+6] 8Ú ;] lx+bL lkmNdf] + d] + sbd / vf . teL 6f] s b] gf rflxP yf . j] / Ld] s agf / x] xf] + of slyt cf‘l/ lhgn sxfgL r'g / x] xf] + . pgsL lkmNd] + Ps lglZrt kmf‘d{"n] k/ xL rntL x} + . pgsL lkmNdf] + d] + PSzg, jfon] +;, 8f+;, / f] df+; . . . Og rf/ tTjf] + sf cg'kft cf} / qmd abntf / xtf x} . syfgs k6syf cf} / ;+jfb h} ;L rLh] + tf] e"n xL hfP+ . k|e' b] jf zAbf] + ;] Hofbf b[Zof] + d] + osLg s/ t] x} + . pgsL lkmNdf] + d] + l: qmK6 / fO6/ ;] a8Þf of] ubfg s} d/ fd} g, ;fp+8 l/ sf‘l8{: 6, sf] l/ of] u|fkm/ , PSzg 8fo/ ] S6/ cf} / xL/ f] sf xf] tf x} . …PSzg h} S;gÚ d] + tf] pGxf] +g] bf] –bf] cho b] jug / v] x} + . bf] xL/ f] Og] + eL x} +– ;f] gfIfL l;Gxf cf} / dg: jL dduO{ . bf] gf] + sf sfd of tf] xL/ f] k/ / Lemgf x} of lkm/ vLemgf x} .

…PSzg h} S;gÚ h} ;L lkmNd] + b] vt] ;do cho b] jug ;/ Lv] s2fj/ cf} / nf] slk|o cleg] tf sL a] rf/ uL sf Px;f; xf] tf x} .

hVd, …tIfsÚ, …ckx/ 0fÚ cf} / …eut l;+xÚ h} ;L lkmNdf] + sf] yf] 8ÞL b] / s] lnP e"n eL hfP+ tf] O; cleg] tf g] sdlz{on lkmNdf] + s] / ] u'n/ xL/ f] s] ¿k d] + ckgL cf+vf] + ;] ls/ bf/ f] + sf bb{ aofg lsof x} . dgf] / +hs lkmNd] + bL x} + . pd| a9g] s] ;fy nf] slk|otf cf} / sfdofaL a/ s/ f/ / vg] s] lnP cho b] jug g] ckgL ;f] r–;dem sf] tfs k/ / v lbof x} . sx ;st] x} + ls j] s'5

eL s/ / x] x} + . …s'5 eLÚ s/ g] s] k|of; d] + pGxf] +g] ckgL ul/ df cf} / k|ltef sf] xL u|x0f nuf lbof x} . …PSzg h} S;gÚ pgs] k|z+;sf] + s] lnP eL dge+hs lkmNd x} .

…PSzg h} S;gÚ d] + j] 8an / f] n d] + x} + . ljzL cf} / Ph] kb{] k/ bf] ls/ bf/ f] + s] ¿k d] + lbvt] x} + . n] lsg lgb{] zs s] 6«L6d] +6 k/ uf} / s/ ] + tf] j] Ps–b";/ ] sf xL lj: tf/ nut] x} + . bf] gf] + s] PSzg d] + cft] xL sf+r 6"6g] nut] x} + . d'Ssf, uf] nL, rfs", tnjf/ h} ;] c: q–z: q sf O: t] dfn xf] tf x} . v"g s] 5L6] + p8Þt] x} + . d'Ssf nug] k/ nf] u xjf d] + u'nfl6of+ e/ t] x} + . xL/ f] sf u': ;f u'?Tjfsif{0f s] lvnfkm pGx] + pmk/ p5fntf x} . 8f+; cf} / 8fonf‘u s] aLr d] + x/ t/ x s] xlyof/ f] + sL cfjfh] + cftL x} + . lu/ g] –k8Þg] , 6"6g] –km"6g] , w"d–w8Þfd, a"d–a8Þfd, 5k–5kfs h} ;L Wjlgof] + ;] PSzg sf O+k} S6 a9Þfof hftf x} . kfZj{ d] + zf] / rntf / xtf x} .

k|] d cf} / cfsif{0f tf] x/ lx+bL lkmNd d] + xf] tf x} . p;sL jhx] + eL xf] tL x} + . O; lkmNd sL gflosf ;+of] u ;] gfos sf] Ps gxL+ bf] af/ g+u] b] v n] tL x} cf} / bf] gf] + af/ jx nsL / xtL x} . gtLhf ox xf] tf x} ls ca jx xL/ f] ;] zfbL s/ n] gf rfxtL x} tfls=== O+6/ jn s] kxn] Ps cho b] jug sL k|] d nLnf O+6/ jn s] afb b";/ ] cho b] jug s] ;fy å] if nLnf s] ¿k d] + cfu] a9ÞtL x} . ljn] g sL axg Ph] sL jL/ tf cf} / zf/ Ll/ s ;f} i7j ;] OtgL d'Uw xf] tL x} ls p;] xfl;n s/ g] s] lnP a} +sf‘s ;] ef/ t ts ljt+8f / rtL x} . v"g sL wf/ f axtL x} cf} / ufh/ –d"nL sL t/ x O+;fg sf6] hft] x} + .

k|e' b] jf cf} / cho b] jug sL …PSzg h} S;gÚ pgs] k|z+;sf] + sf] eL lg/ fz s/ ] uL . dgf] / +hg sf sf] O{ t's cf} / cfwf/ tf] xf] gf rflxP . cf} / lkm/ P] ;L qm"/ Pj+ lx+;s lkmNd sf] o"/ P ;l6{lkms] 6 b] g] sf Sof ts{ xf] ;stf x} .

cho sL nf]slk|otf bfj d]+lkmNd l/ Jo"

epaper himalini hindi magazine nepal december 2014

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