episode i attack of the gas
DESCRIPTION
Not so long ago, in a chemistry lab far far away…. May the FORCE/area be with you. Episode I ATTACK OF THE GAS Gas, being of upmost importance to the entire galaxy and your life, is in constant battle due to the ruthless variations of temperature, pressure, and the amount of particles. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: Episode I ATTACK OF THE GAS](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062520/56815ebe550346895dcd41fb/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
![Page 2: Episode I ATTACK OF THE GAS](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062520/56815ebe550346895dcd41fb/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Not so long ago, in a chemistry lab far far away…May the FORCE/area be with you
![Page 3: Episode I ATTACK OF THE GAS](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062520/56815ebe550346895dcd41fb/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
![Page 4: Episode I ATTACK OF THE GAS](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062520/56815ebe550346895dcd41fb/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Gas Laws: GasStoichiometry
At the conclusion of our time together, you should be able to:
1. Use the Ideal Gas Law to solve a gas stoichiometry problem.
![Page 5: Episode I ATTACK OF THE GAS](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062520/56815ebe550346895dcd41fb/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
When you know the guy has finally had enough!!!
![Page 6: Episode I ATTACK OF THE GAS](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062520/56815ebe550346895dcd41fb/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Gases and Stoichiometry
2 H2O2 (l) ---> 2 H2O (g) + O2 (g)Decompose 1.1 g of H2O2 in a flask with a
volume of 2.50 L. What is the volume of O2 at STP?
Bombardier beetle uses decomposition of hydrogen peroxide to defend itself.
![Page 7: Episode I ATTACK OF THE GAS](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062520/56815ebe550346895dcd41fb/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Gases and Stoichiometry
2 H2O2 (l) ---> 2 H2O (g) + O2 (g)Decompose 1.1 g of H2O2 in a flask with a
volume of 2.50 L. What is the volume of O2 at STP?
Solution1.1 g H2O2 1 mol H2O2 1 mol O2 22.4 L O2
34 g H2O2 2 mol H2O2 1 mol O2 = 0.36 L O2 at STP
![Page 8: Episode I ATTACK OF THE GAS](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062520/56815ebe550346895dcd41fb/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Gas Stoichiometry: Practice!
How many grams of He are present in 8.0 L of gas at STP?
= 1.4 g He
8.0 L He x 1 mol He 22.4 L He
x 4.00 g He1 mol He
![Page 9: Episode I ATTACK OF THE GAS](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062520/56815ebe550346895dcd41fb/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Gas Stoichiometry Trick Page 41:1
If reactants and products are at the same conditions of temperature and pressure, then mole ratios of gases are also volume ratios.
3 H2(g) + N2(g) 2NH3(g)
3 moles H2 + 1 mole N2 2 moles NH3 67.2 liters H2 + 22.4 liter N2 44.8 liters NH3
![Page 10: Episode I ATTACK OF THE GAS](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062520/56815ebe550346895dcd41fb/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Gas Stoichiometry Trick ExampleHow many liters of ammonia can be produced when 12 liters of hydrogen react with an excess of nitrogen in a closed container at constant temperature?3 H2(g) + N2(g) 2NH3(g)
12 L H2
L H2 = L NH3 L NH3
32 8.00
![Page 11: Episode I ATTACK OF THE GAS](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062520/56815ebe550346895dcd41fb/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
How to Report Computer Problems:
![Page 12: Episode I ATTACK OF THE GAS](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062520/56815ebe550346895dcd41fb/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
What if the problem is NOT at STP?
1. You will need to use PV = nRT
![Page 13: Episode I ATTACK OF THE GAS](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062520/56815ebe550346895dcd41fb/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Gas Stoichiometry Example Page x:1
How many liters of oxygen gas, at 1.00 atm and 25 oC, can be collected from the complete decomposition of 10.5 grams of potassium chlorate?
2 KClO3(s) 2 KCl(s) + 3 O2(g)
10.5 g KClO3 1 mol KClO3
122.55 g KClO3
3 mol O2
2 mol KClO3
0.13 mol O2
![Page 14: Episode I ATTACK OF THE GAS](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062520/56815ebe550346895dcd41fb/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Gas Stoichiometry Example Page x:1
How many liters of oxygen gas, at 1.00 atm and 25 oC, can be collected from the complete decomposition of 10.5 grams of potassium chlorate?
2 KClO3(s) 2 KCl(s) + 3 O2(g)
3.2 L O2
(1.0 atm)(V) (0.08206 atm*L/mol*K) (298 K)(0.13 mol)
![Page 15: Episode I ATTACK OF THE GAS](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062520/56815ebe550346895dcd41fb/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Gas Laws: Gas Stoichiometry
Let’s see if you can:
1. Use the Ideal Gas Law to solve a gas stoichiometry problem.
![Page 16: Episode I ATTACK OF THE GAS](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062520/56815ebe550346895dcd41fb/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Now we’re in big Do-Do
![Page 17: Episode I ATTACK OF THE GAS](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062520/56815ebe550346895dcd41fb/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Gas Stoichiometry Page x:2
1 P4 (s) + 6 H2 (g) 4 PH3 (g)
2.51 g P4 1 mol P4123.88 g P4
6 mol H21 mol P4
0.122 mol H2
![Page 18: Episode I ATTACK OF THE GAS](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062520/56815ebe550346895dcd41fb/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
3.0 L H2
(0.991 atm)(V) (0.08206 atm*L/mol*K) (298 K)(0.122 mol)
Gas Stoichiometry Page x:2
1 P4 (s) + 6 H2 (g) 4 PH3
(g)
![Page 19: Episode I ATTACK OF THE GAS](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062520/56815ebe550346895dcd41fb/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Quicklime Example Page x:3
1 CaCO3 (s) 1 CaO (s) + 1 CO2
(g)
152 g CaCO3
100.09 g 1 mol CaCO3
1 mol CO21 mol CaCO3
= 34.0 L CO2 at STP
1 mol CO2
22.4 L CO2
![Page 20: Episode I ATTACK OF THE GAS](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062520/56815ebe550346895dcd41fb/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Pass the Clicker!!!
![Page 21: Episode I ATTACK OF THE GAS](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062520/56815ebe550346895dcd41fb/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Zinc will react with hydrochloric acid. What are the 2 products for this reaction?
1. ZnCl + H2. ZnCl + H2
3. Zn2Cl + H2
4. ZnCl2 + H25. Not listed
![Page 22: Episode I ATTACK OF THE GAS](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062520/56815ebe550346895dcd41fb/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Zinc will react with hydrochloric acid. What kind of reaction is this?
1. DD2. SD3. Synthesis4. Decomposition5. Not listed
![Page 23: Episode I ATTACK OF THE GAS](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062520/56815ebe550346895dcd41fb/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Zinc will react with hydrochloric acid. This reaction will form ZnCl2 + H2. What are the 4 coefficients for the balanced chemical equation?
1. 1,2,1,22. 2,1,2,13. 1,1,1,14. 2,2,1,25. Not listed
![Page 24: Episode I ATTACK OF THE GAS](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062520/56815ebe550346895dcd41fb/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Zinc will react with hydrochloric acid. The hydrogen gas is collected through water at 30.0oC and 782 mm Hg. The vapor pressure of water at 30.0oC is 32.0 mm Hg. What is the partial pressure of H2?
1. 250 atm2. 314 atm3. 0.329 atm4. 0.987 atm5. Not listed
![Page 25: Episode I ATTACK OF THE GAS](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062520/56815ebe550346895dcd41fb/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Zinc ( 65.39 g/mole) will react with hydrochloric acid. Determine the grams of zinc that must be reacted to produce this quantity of hydrogen if the volume is 142 mL . (P = 0.987 atm, T = 30.0oC)
1. 0.112 g2. 1.18 g3. 628 g4. 0.000 628 g5. 0.369 g
![Page 26: Episode I ATTACK OF THE GAS](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062520/56815ebe550346895dcd41fb/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
![Page 27: Episode I ATTACK OF THE GAS](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062520/56815ebe550346895dcd41fb/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
Gas Laws: Dalton, Density and Gas Stoichiometry
At the conclusion of our time together, you should be able
to:1. Explain Dalton’s Law and use it to solve a
problem.2. Use the Ideal Gas Law to solve a gas
density problem.3. Use the Ideal Gas Law to solve a gas
stoichiometry problem.
![Page 28: Episode I ATTACK OF THE GAS](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062520/56815ebe550346895dcd41fb/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
GAS DENSITY
High density
Lower density
22.4 L of ANY gas AT STP = 1 mole
![Page 29: Episode I ATTACK OF THE GAS](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062520/56815ebe550346895dcd41fb/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
Gas Density
molar massmolar volume
massDensityvolume
… so at STP…
molar mass22.4 L
Density
![Page 30: Episode I ATTACK OF THE GAS](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062520/56815ebe550346895dcd41fb/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
Density and the Ideal Gas Law
Combining the formula for density with the Ideal Gas law, substituting and rearranging algebraically:
MPDRT
M = Molar Mass P = Pressure R = Gas Constant T = Temperature in
Kelvins
![Page 31: Episode I ATTACK OF THE GAS](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062520/56815ebe550346895dcd41fb/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
Gas Stoichiometry #4
nRTV P
How many liters of oxygen gas, at 37.0C and 0.930 atmospheres, can be collected from the complete decomposition of 50.0 grams of potassium chlorate?
2 KClO3(s) 2 KCl(s) + 3 O2(g)
= “n” mol O250.0 g KClO3 1 mol KClO3
122.55 g KClO3
3 mol O2
2 mol KClO3 = 0.612 mol O2
L atm(0.612mol)(0.0821 )(310K)mol K0.930atm = 16.7 L
![Page 32: Episode I ATTACK OF THE GAS](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062520/56815ebe550346895dcd41fb/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
Try this one!
How many L of O2 are needed to react 28.0 g NH3 at 24°C and 0.950 atm?
4 NH3(g) + 5 O2(g) 4 NO(g) + 6 H2O(g)